Power, signalling and telecom Environmental Product Declaration for power, signalling and telecom systems on the Bothnia Line Reg. no. S-P-00201 UN CPC 53212 Date 2010-03-19 1 Introduction This environmental product declaration (EPD) describes, from a 14001:2004 (environmental management) and AFS 2001:1 lifecycle perspective, the total environmental impact of power, (work environment management) certification. signalling and telecom systems on the Bothnia Line. The EPD is entirely restricted to the power, signalling and telecom sys- This EPD sets out the environmental performance of power, tems; substructure (tunnels, bridges, track foundations) and signalling and telecom systems on the Bothnia Line. The fol- the track are not included. lowing EPDs are also available for other Bothnia Line systems: Within the International EPD system based on ISO standard • EPD for passenger transport on the Bothnia Line. 14025, this EPD was drawn up in accordance with Product • EPD for freight transport on the Bothnia Line. Category Rules (PCR) 2009:03 for Rail Transport and Railway • EPD for railway infrastructure on the Bothnia Line. Infrastructure (see www.environdec.com for further information • EPD for railway tunnels on the Bothnia Line. about the EPD system). • EPD for railway track foundations on the Bothnia Line. The aim of this EPD is that it should provide experts and • EPD for railway bridges on the Bothnia Line. scientists (in the construction and infrastructure sectors) with • EPD for railway track on the Bothnia Line. objective and reliable information on the environmental impact of constructing, operating and maintaining power, signalling As this EPD is based on data relating to Bothnia Line in- and telecom systems. frastructure, the results might not be representative of other This EPD was developed by Botniabanan AB in cooperation railway power, signalling and telecom systems. In order to with Banverket (the Swedish Rail Administration). It has been decide if the results can be representative for other railway po- certified by Bureau Veritas Certification AB and the certification wer, signalling and telecom systems, the most important areas is valid for three years (after which it can be prolonged). that should be checked to be comparable with the Bothnia Botniabanan AB has been responsible for the financing, Line are: detailed planning and building of the Bothnia Line. On comple- • Railway functionality (e.g. type of traffic, single or double tion, Botniabanan AB will own the infrastructure and lease it to track, etc.). Banverket (the infrastructure manager). From 2050 onwards, • Technical systems (e.g. power and signalling system, etc.). infrastructure ownership will be transferred to Banverket. Bot- • Origin of materials (mainly metals and concrete). niabanan AB has ISO 9001:2000 (quality management), ISO Facts about the infrastructure of the Bothnia Line The Bothnia Line is a new Swedish railway ting power in the catenary system. running from Nyland (north of Kramfors) Approximately 3,500 catenary posts, TECHNICAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE to Umeå. It is routed via Örnsköldsvik and 150 transformers and more than • Minimum radius of curvature: comprises 190 km of new single-track rail- 200 km of electric cabling have been 3,200 m way with 22 sidings (each 1 km long) and used in building the Bothnia Line. •Maximum gradient: 10‰ 7 travel centres/stations. The latter have •Track gauge: 1,435 mm good connections for pedestrians, cyclists, Signalling system The Bothnia Line •Power supply voltage: 15 kV, local and regional bus traffic and private is the first railway in Sweden to be 16 2/3 Hz, AT system vehicles. There is a large freight terminal built using the new European rail •Track: ballasted, concrete in Umeå and a smaller container terminal traffic management system (ERTMS sleepers, UIC 60 rails (conti- nuous welded) in Örnsköldsvik. – level 2 in this case). This is a •Signalling system: ERTMS radio-based system. Consequently, level 2 The line has 90 railway bridges (total there are no optical signals along the •Maximum axle load: 25 ton- length of 11 km) and 16 tunnels (25 km of line. ERTMS makes it possible for nes (30 tonnes on bridges) main railway tunnels and 16 km of service passenger trains to go faster (up to and access tunnels). Designed for combi- 250 km/h on the Bothnia Line) than ned passenger and heavy freight traffic, the Bothnia Line offers with conventional signalling systems. maximum speeds of 250 km/h for passenger trains and 120 It also increases railway capacity in km/h for freight trains with a maximum axle load of 25 tonnes. terms of number of train services. The groundbreaking for the project took place on 14 August ins. 1999 and the railway will become operational in autumn 2010. Location of the Bothnia Line. Telecom systems To facilitate com- The Power supply system A catenary system and an auxiliary munication between different parts of the railway system, power system are the Bothnia Line’s main power supply sys- telecom systems are installed all along the Bothnia Line. tems. The catenary system supplies the trains with propulsion The main parts of the telecom system are telecom cables power. Signalling, telecom, switch heating, illumination and (mostly optocables), telephony systems (emergency and other systems are supplied by the auxiliary power system. An service telephones), transmission facilities, radio equipment automatic transformer system (AT system) is used for distribu- (GSM-R), detectors and information systems. 2 Environmental performance Resource use and emissions The environmental performance section of the declaration is and for production of materials was calculated as the average based on a lifecycle assessment (LCA) carried out by IVL Swe- electricity mix for the countries hosting the processes. dish Environmental Research Institute in 2009. An overview of system boundaries and included processes is given in the text, The LCA calculations are based on a calculation period of 60 figures and tables below. years. This means that they include all construction, operation and maintenance processes assumed to take place in that Extraction and production of raw materials, transport of time. All results are presented per kilometre of power, signal- materials and manufacturing of products were included in the ling and telecom systems (main line). LCA calculations. The data in respect of infrastructure-related processes and quantities of materials was collected from the building of the Bothnia Line. Selected generic data for material production was used according to the calculation rules in the PCR 2009:03. The electricity used in construction processes TELECOM SYSTEM Radio towers Buildings for electrical POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM equipment Auxiliary power system Catenary system All processes and elements needed to construct, operate and maintain the power, signalling and telecom systems have been included in the LCA. However, note that substructure (tunnels, bridges, track foundations) and track system are not included. The figures show some of the most important structural elements. SIGNALLING SYSTEM Signalling system 3 Overview of processes and elements included in the LCA for power, signalling and telecom systems of the Bothnia Line. Power, signalling and telecom Power, signalling and Power, signalling and systems construction telecom systems operation telecom systems maintenance Power supply Signalling Telecom system system construction system construction system construction Catenary posts Interlocking Radio towers Operation of Reinvestment determined by lifetimes (including all fastening system with foundations electrical equipment of components and constructions equipment) Cables Balises Computer equipment Transformers Cables Cables UPS-system UPS-system UPS-system Buildings for Buildings for Buildings for electrical electrical electrical equipment equipment equipment Construction work Processes and system elements that were excluded from • Platform equipment the LCA as, under the rules in PCR 2009:03, they make • Train heating posts a negligible contribution to environmental impact catego- • Waste handling processes ries (<1 %). For processes excluded by default, see PCR • Train control centre 2009:03. 4 Environmental impact of 1 km of power, signalling and telecom systems (main line) on the Bothnia Line. All construction, operation and maintenance activities over 60 years are included for the power, signalling and telecom systems. However, note that the substructure and track system are not included. Impact category Unit Construction Operation Maintenance Total Resource use Non-renewable materials kg 43 110 20 68 714 111 843 Renewable materials kg 752 0 451 1 203 Non-renewable energy MJ 2 275 180 263 2 676 650 4 952 094 Renewabe energy MJ 174 160 139 699 333 192 647 050 Recycled resources kg 6 332 0 4 623 10 955 Water kg 216 103 0 323 520 539 623 Land use m2 88 217 155 460 Emissions Global warming kg CO2 equivalents 86 306 34 144 313 230 652 Acidification kg SO2 equivalents 844 0.25 1 807 2651 Ozone depletion kg CFC-11 equivalents 0.00022 0 0.00041 0.00063 POCP (Photochemical oxidant formation) kg ethene equivalents 54 0.021 109 163 3- Eutrophication kg PO4 equivalents 57 0.046 103 160 Other Ouput of materials for recycling kg 0 0 35 765 35 765 Waste, hazardous kg 171 0 312 483 Waste, excess soil kg 0 0 0 0 Waste, other kg 3 147 2.1 62 898 66 048 Specification of resources making the largest Dominance analysis contributions to the different resource use categories. 100% 90% Resource