Number 19 September 2003

CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER PO Box 1755 Otjiwarongo, Namibia www.cheetah.org [email protected] FIFTH ANNUAL “CELEBRATION OF SPEED AND ELEGANCE”

Speed Ð In previous centuries, we admired the cheetah for its speed Ð one which we could not hope to match. The cheetah has evolved through millions of years to be the fastest land mammal, and yet today is running its most important race, for its very survival. The outcome of this race depends on each and every one of us.

Elegance Ð To see the elegance of a cheetah running wild, we must ensure this vision for future generations. As stated so eloquently by Jonathan Kingdon: “Of the many ways of measuring land’s wealth, one of the surest signs of ecological richness and diversity is an abundance of predator species.” Here in Namibia we have the honour of sharing our land with the world’s most elegant predator of all, the cheetah.

With thee words, Dr. Laurie Marker, Executive Director of the Cheetah Conservation Fund, welcomed all attendees to the Fifth Annual gala dinner and auction, “Celebration of Speed and Elegance” held at the Windhoek Country Club on 19 July 2003. The evening’s theme, Young Cheetah Friends, inspired by a design by artist Susan Mitchinson and tied into the stories of non-releasable cheetahs housed at CCF, served to remind the audience of the importance of keeping Namibian cheetahs wild and why CCF exists: to maintain a habitat and work with people so that cheetahs can live wild and free. Dr.Patrick Bergin, President & CEO of the African Wildlife Foundation (AWF) was the evening’s feature and talked about why large landscapes are the future for African conservation, stating that “wildlife can support people.” Over The Right Honourable Prime Minister, Theo-Ben Gurirab, and Mrs. Gurias, the 40 years since its founding AWF has the evening special guests, view the auction items with Dr. Laurie Marker invested in the people of Africa for (CCF’s Ex. Director), Dr. Arthur Bagot-Smith (CCF Chairman - behind) conservation. Dr. Marker followed Dr. and H.E. Leonard Iipumbu, the Namibian Ambassador to the U.S. (left). Bergin’s talk by saying , “this is what makes them a nice role model for CCF, because we also believe in investing in farmer from Helmeringhausen, who has demonstrated his ability to live and farm in harmony with predators. people..” Dr. Patrick Bergin, President & In addition, an award that acknowledges the hard work of NGOs in Once again, the popular Tangenyi CEO of the African Wildlife Namibia was presented to Mr. Garth Owen-Smith and Dr Margaret Erkana was the evening’s Master of Foundation, during his Jacobsohn of the Integrated Rural Development & Nature Ceremonies. Among the 300 guests was presentation regarding the Conservation (IRDNC) for their work in community-based natural the Guest of Honour, the Right importance of large landscapes resource management. Honourable Prime Minister of Namibia, in the future for African Theo-Ben Gurirab; the Namibian conservation. In this issue.... Ambassador to the U.S., H.E. Leonard Fifth Annual “Celebration of Iipumbu; and the Kenya High Commissioner, H.E. T.H. Dado. In his speech, Speed and Elegance” 1 the Prime Minister commended Dr. Marker on the role that CCF has played in Namibia’s conservation. Conservationists of the year 2 An auction of 100 items donated by Namibian and international businesses Cheetah Ecology & Biology 3-4 and artists raised nearly N$50,000. One of the featured auction items was a 18kt pink tourmaline pendant, donated by the Sand Dragon in Omaruru. Editorials 5-6 These funds will assist CCF in furthering its research and educational goals, and thus accomplish its motto: “We Can Live Together.” The Cheetah Livestock Guarding Dogs 7 Conservation Fund extends a warm thank you to everyone who contributed Community News 8-10 to the success of the 2003 Celebration of Speed and Elegance. For the fourth year in a row, CCF recognised local people whose work Education Update 11-13 has made meaningful contributions to conservation in Namibia. CCF’s International News 14-15 Phone:+264 67 306225 Conservationist of the Year Award was presented to two farmers: Petrina Fax: +264 67 306247 Hîkas, a communal farmer from Khorixas, and Timm Miller, a commercial Thanks to our Supporters 15

CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 1 CHEETAH CONSERVATIONISTS OF THE YEAR

For the fourth consecutive year CCF paid tribute Petrina is very concerned about the use of poison he was the first farmer in his area to obtain an to outstanding conservation efforts by Namibians, within commercial and communal areas, and is Anatolian Shepherd from CCF. In 2002 CCF staff by presenting Conservationist of the Year awards. an active member of her Farmers’ Association. undertook the almost 2000km round trip to This year, two farmers were honoured. She is a strong proponent of good farming prac- Timm’s farm to look at his dog. Timm was nice tices, because she knows the difficulties of farm- enough to arrange for our staff to address his Petrina Hîkas was born on a farm near Kalkfeld. ing. Hers is an outstanding example of how sus- Farmers’ Association meeting. Interestingly, As an adult, she started thinking about settling tainable farming practices can help people and during that meeting CCF staff learned that Timm with her family down, and managed to buy some wildlife to live together. was the only farmer in the area who did not have livestock and first farmed in a communal area near jackal, or other predator problems. Khorixas. In 2001 she heard about CCF’s Live- Timm Miller began farming in 1999 on his stock Guarding Dog Programme, and applied for grandmother’s farm in Helmeringhausen, after Timm represents an excellent example of a one of the puppies. CCF staff worked with her in obtaining a BSc in Agriculture with a Major in farmer who has implemented conservation- placing the puppy, and is very impressed with the Nature Conservation. He farms with Boer and minded approach to the benefit of his farming excellent care she has given it. That puppy is now Angora goats, karakul sheep, and cattle, along operation, thus breaking the mold of one of the most successful working dogs, because with high densities of game species and traditional southern farmers, and setting an she managed to provide it with the right care and predators—including leopard, cheetah, jackal, example to all Namibian farmers. training to ensure the safety of her livestock. caracal, and African wild cat. To prevent losses,

THE CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND AND ITS BOARD OF DIRECTORS CONGRATULATE CONSERVATIONISTS

2003 CCF Conservationist of the Year Award 2003 CCF General Conservation Award Petrina Hîkas (2nd from left) and Timm Miller (far right) with Dr. Margaret Jacobsohn(middle) and Garth Owen-Smith(right) CCF staff Siegfriedth !Aebeb (left) and Bonnie Schumann. with CCF Chairman, Dr. Arthur Bagot-Smith. And thank all the supporters and sponsors of our this year’s “Celebration of Speed and Elegance”

African Curiotique & Embassy of the USA Marko Spares, Otjiwarongo Sam’s Giardino Hotel Souvenirs Ernst Holtz Pty, Ltd Martin Harvey Seelenbinder Furs Amani Lodge Falkennest, Otjiwarongo Melle Orford Sense of Africa Amy Schoemann Ferreira’s Garden Centre Ministry of Basic Education, Shell Bank Windhoek Flink Frame Culture and Sport SMC Brands Namibia Barden Motors Francois De Wet Mount Etjo Safari Lodge Ltd. BEKA Lighting Gallery International Mud Hut Trading Solitaire Press Beth Braker & Tom Scott Gamsberg Macmillan Namdeb Standard Bank Brazilian Publishers Namibia Breweries Ltd. Stuttafords Bush Made Namibia Gathemann’s Restaurant NamibRand Nature Reserve Super Trade Bush Pillow, Otjiwarongo General Suppliers, Naua Naua Guest Lodge Susan Mitchinson Bushman Art Gallery Otjiwarongo New Creations Art Studio The Gourmet Inn & Carol Petersen Gerald W. Leitner Juwelier Okakango Nursery Restaurant Cecile Renard Harold Pupkewitz Omaue Namibia The Gun Shop Claudia & Wynand du Plessis Helena Brandt Ombo Ostrich Farm The Juice Factory Commercial Bank Hendrik Vrey Otjibamba Lodge The Ligthhouse Pub & Crafts from Namibia Ideal Creations Otjiwarongo Arms & Ammo Restaurant Cymot Insurance Unlimited Out of Africa Town Lodge The Miller Family Daktari Jenny’s Place PG Glass Namibia (Pty) Ltd. The Sand Dragon DeKrone Enterprises Joe’s Beerhouse Polytechnic of Namibia VCS Computer CC Die Galerie John Rogers Raleigh International Walton Stationery Co. Dieter Voigts Kameldorn, Otjiwarongo Red Earth Namibia, Ltd. Don Haywood Kenya High Commission Retief Sales Promotion Weylandt’s Warehouse Dunlop Kim Donaldson Rhino Park Veterinary Clinic Wilderness Safaris EasyFit Cupboards Leder Chic Robyn Nel Windhoek Country Club Elniconi Flowers M & Z Rossing Foundation

2 CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 CHEETAH ECOLOGY &BIOLOGY

RADIO-TRACKING CHEETAHS – 1993–2000

Excerpt from Laurie Marker’s Home range Waterberg PhD - Aspects of Cheetah Plateau Park In order to distinguish (Acinonyx jubatus) Biology, cheetahs that, following Ecology and Conservation release, were able Strategies on Namibian immediately to resume their Farmlands. natural movements from those who were translocated In May 1993 the Cheetah Otjiwarongo outside their familiar area, Conservation Fund initiated we studied movement one of the most intensive radio- Farms parameters with respect to tracking programmes for release distance. Stable cheetahs in Africa, home ranges revealed by encompassing a study area of radio tracking indicate that some 17,928 km2 in north- an animal released up to 100 central Namibia. The land use km2 from its capture site in this area is primarily might still be within its commercial cattle and wildlife normal home range. farming. At the time the study Fourteen cheetahs were was initiated, almost nothing translocated during the was known of the movement study, of which six (21.4%) patterns of cheetahs in Namibia Variation of home ranges of some of the cheetahs were moved outside of (+90% occur on commercial CCF radio-tracked over time. 100km2. None of the farmlands) or the home-range translocated cheetahs requirements of different social groups, e.g., We examined spatial differences in relation to returned to their original sites of capture, and females with or without cubs, single males or social group composition, genetic relatedness, translocation appeared to have little effect on their coalitions (male groups). season rainfall, prey biomass, and habitat density. movements. Home ranges of resident and Specifically we asked what factors influenced translocated cheetahs were no different. During this period, 42 (27 males & 15 females) home range size, spatial distribution and habitat cheetahs were fitted with radio-collars (only one utilisation, and we tackled this with respect to core Relative to those studied elsewhere, Namibian individual in a social group was collared). home-range areas, overlaps cheetahs have very large home ranges averaging between cheetah home ranges 1056 km2 annually and 1642km2 over a lifetime. and cheetah density estimation. The home ranges in this study were on average three times larger than those found on the short- grass plains of the Serengeti. Ranges were sig- Home range sizes were nificantly smaller during the wet season, and were compared between single inversely related to rainfall. Cheetahs showed in- males and those in coalition tensive utilisation of 50% core areas, which com- groups, between the sexes, and prised a mean of 13.9% of their total home range between all three social groups area. (single males, coalition males, and females.) Home range This study would not have been possible without may be defined as “that area the assistance and participation of Namibia’s traversed by the individual in farmers. Although some of the study animals were its normal activities of food shot by farmers, thus frustrating research efforts, gathering, mating and caring many of these farmers shared valuable informa- for young”. We analysed the tion concerning the removal of these animals, Bonnie Schumann sharing CCF’s radio-tracking minimum distance moved per broadening our understanding of the conflict is- programme with visitors. day and the distance moved sues on the farmlands. between fixes, and compared Of the cheetahs tracked, 82% were followed for these factors between sexes, social groups and Increasing our understanding of how cheetahs more than a year, while 12% were tracked for between females with cubs of different ages. The move on the farmlands can greatly contribute to more than three consecutive years. Lifetime, average distance moved per day varied between the management of conflict that invariably occurs annual and seasonal home ranges, and habitat use sexes, with single males travelling further on a as cheetahs traverse farms. Of particular were determined from 2,763 fixed locations. daily basis than females or coalition males. Eight significance is the extremely large size of the Following release, radio-collared cheetahs were females, three of which had multiple litters, were home ranges in relation to problem-animal tracked from a fixed-wing Cessna 172 aeroplane tracked with cubs during the period of tracking, control. In cases where livestock losses are utilising a dual antenna procedure. Observations and ages varied from birth through independence. experienced, removal of cheetahs is most often were made on 12,4 % of occasions, providing The mean minimum distance moved between non-target specific due to their movement within information on demographic parameters. (weekly) fixes was 10.3km, with extremes of up home ranges, and problems will most likely occur Location success rate was 87% on weekly flights. to 40 km’s recorded. There was a marked even if cheetahs are shot or removed. This once seasonality to tracking through dry and wet again emphasises the futility of removing seasons as well. predators, versus altering livestock management that is far more effective in reducing conflict.

CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 3 THREE YOUNG CHEETAHS RESCUED BY CCF JACK IMBERT– In February, a concerned member Pilot of the public informed the Cheetah Conservation Fund that there were Extraordinaire cheetahs in a very small enclosure on a farm in the Omaruru area. The cats, the individual said, appeared to be in a poor condition. CCF immediately obtained permission from MET to remove the cheetahs. Three approximately 12 month-old cheetahs were found in a 4x6 meter cage. The cheetahs had apparently been in the small enclosure for more than five months. The cage was filthy, with Two of the three cheetahs rescued by CCF rotting carcasses and old bones littering the ground. carnivore in Namibia is subject to approval by MET These cheetahs were captured in a game camp and the granting of a permit to hold the animal. and were held for no particular reason and New and vastly improved guidelines have been without a permit. We do not know what formulated regulating the welfare of carnivores in happened to their mother. As they are so young captivity. Anyone wishing to hold a large carnivore, and very habituated, we are unable to release or already having one in captivity is urged to contact them back into the wild. The holding of any large MET for a copy of the new requirements. Jack “at home” in his Cessna 172 NEW CHEETAH PEN Since 1993, Jack Imbert has been CCF’s radio With a punctured coffee tin serving as a shower tracking pilot. Jack has supported CCF’s efforts (representing the only luxury in the bush camp), for many years, joining the CCF Board of Trustees these young urbanites tackled the daunting task in 1993. Besides being an outstanding pilot and of planting poles and pulling fencing with great physiotherapist by qualification, Jack is also a enthusiasm. Three different groups, each with cattle farmer in the Otjiwarongo district, and has about 12 people, spent three weeks at a time living adapted his management techniques to be a and working in the bush. A sub-division of a game predator-friendly farmer. camp was already in place, so most of the main Many of the CCF volunteers and staff were perimeter fence was up already. This camp has lucky enough to accompany the pilot and radio- now been cheetah-proofed and warthog-proofed tracker on these spectacular flights over the farm- by Raleigh, who also constructed a one-hectare lands, and on occasion over the Waterberg and A team of Raleigh International volunteers spent three feeding pen and handling facilities within the around the Omatako Mountains. Many passen- months at the Cheetah Conservation Fund building a larger area. This facility will ensure that all the gers were not lucky enough to escape the some- 64-hectare pen for the non-releasable cheetahs at CCF. cheetahs can be seen when fed, and caught or times rather severe effects of motion-illness. These memories were fortunately often super- With help from Raleigh’s volunteers, the female immobilised when necessary, for example, during seded by memories of sightings of wild cheetahs cheetahs at CCF can now be moved to the new annual health checks. Smaller enclosures are crossing roadways, standing on the pinnacle of a pen, making space for the male groups in the two available in the event of injury or illness. termite mound, or even playing as the plane and three hectare pens around the centre. swooped overhead. CCF’s radio tracking study represents one of Waterberg Conservancy the longest on-going studies of cheetahs anywhere, and doubtlessly few other pilots have Waterhole Count made such a consistent and dedicated contribution The Waterberg Conservancy held its annual full moon 24-hour water hole count to a research programme. While CCF paid for this year in July. Almost 70 people assisted with this years count, including fuel costs, Jack donated all the flying time, making volunteers from Daktari, Otjiwarongo and Khorixas youth groups, EarthWatch, a significant financial contribution to CCF’s ability to carry out this project. In most cases, CCF and Waterberg Conservancy farm staff. flying time averaged 3,5 hours per week, with conditions varying from the very clear but windy winter months, to the turbulent conditions of the rainy season in summer. The only occasions Jack was not helping CCF with its radio tracking was on the rare times when he went on holiday, and Dr. Arthur Bagot-Smith filled in for him. Jack’s unfailing support and enthusiasm helped to make this project the success it has been, helping to find the answers to so many questions, and unravelling so many of the mysteries surrounding cheetah movements on the Namibian farmlands. Call CCF if you have Cheetah Problems 067 306 225

4 CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 EDITORIALS SHOOT OR RELEASE Ð AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH - Editorial-by Bonnie Schumann, CCF

“Shoot or release it.” This is the advice often Namibia would not be the given to farmers calling Namibia’s Ministry of Cheetah Capital of the World, Environment and Tourism. (MET) when they let alone have a viable cheetah have caught a cheetah on their farm. Many population. Yes, farmers do farmers simply shoot the captured cheetah, accept that by farming in Africa believing they are solving their problems this way. they face the risk of drought, On the other hand, many farmers are looking for disease and predators, but the other alternatives rather than shooting one of conservation of these predators Namibia’s valuable wildlife resources. outside protected areas is not In many cases, with extension work and by the sole responsibility of the providing farmers with assistance, conflict caused farming community. Nothing by livestock loss to predators can be eased. A can be done to control the farmer, given the right approach, may be willing weather, quite a bit can be done to release the captured cat and, in so doing, be an to help control the impact of example to neighbours less willing to do so. disease, and a lot can be done Without help, however, a farmer will simply shoot to negate the impact of Removing cheetahs simply open ranges into which other cheetahs the cheetah as told by MET, thereby closing the predators on livestock. In fact, will move. The fundamental solution to reducing predator losses lies door on any further possible conservation. In most Namibia is fortunate enough to in improving livestock management. cases farmers are left feeling alienated and with a have NGOs dedicated to lasting negative attitude toward, not only carnivore conservation. CCF’s research has shown that the majority of predators, but also MET. A typical example illustrating this issue is that captures are indiscriminate and not target specific. of a Kamanjab farmer who called However, in some cases habitual livestock thieves the Cheetah Conservation Fund are caught—usually old animals or cubs without (CCF) in February, as she was a mother, and are non-releasable. What happens experiencing smallstock losses to to them? Should they be shot? cheetahs. She had been advised CCF believes that non-releasable cheetahs can by the MET office to shoot the continue to be a valuable asset and resource to cheetahs. She would have had to this country, and internationally—if kept alive. shoot cheetahs indiscriminately The conservation value of these captive carnivores since, as everyone knows, remains a controversial issue of debate. CCF targeting only the culprit is believes these carnivores can continue to have notoriously difficult. educational, conservation, and economic value Fortunately, the farmer was not outside of the free-ranging population. CCF takes willing to accept this advice, and a firm standpoint that the protection of the free- continued to make enquiries, ranging population is of utmost priority. Cheetahs which led her to find out about should not be killed or removed indiscriminately CCF. CCF staff discussed from the wild, be it by game or livestock farmers, Most capture efforts result in the indiscriminate trapping of cheetahs livestock management to protect or by people wishing to earn an income. that are not necessarily causing the problem, this only compounds her livestock, as an alternative to Many farmers in Namibia live peacefully livestock loss issues on farms. shooting the elusive cheetahs. alongside a range of predators; they have Livestock management techniques developed livestock management techniques to It is all very well to have a conservation body include calving kraals, calving seasons, guarding protect their livestock. Farmers in Botswana, protecting our wildlife in our reserves, but what dogs or donkeys, secure fencing, and herders. In Kenya, Zimbabwe, South Africa, and elsewhere about the wildlife living outside the boundaries this case the farmer was in a position to and was are following the example set by Namibia’s of our protected areas. Without the tolerance and willing to adopt livestock management farmers. It is up to MET officials, agricultural goodwill of Namibia’s farmers who inadvertently techniques. She understood that without sound extension officers, and NGOs to gather as much accommodate more than 90% of Namibia cheetahs, livestock management in place, conflict with information as possible from predator-friendly predators would continue to exist. Shooting farmers, and to make these findings available to farmers BOTSWANA predators might be effortless, but is counter- still struggling with predator conflict issues. It is productive, and a serious waste of both the farmers’ important to resolve predator problems in more UPDATE time and a valuable natural resource. In the imaginative ways than simply reaching for a rifle. This In April, one of Cheetah Conservation majority of cases, captured cheetahs are releasable. is not only our responsibility, but also a moral obligation! Botswana staff spent a couple of weeks at CCF Namibia for continued training in addressing farmers and cheetah/livestock CCF Welcomes conflict issues. Then, one of CCF’s staff Max and Bessie Simon joined CCF in April as Maintenance members, Mandy Schumann, travelled to Supervisor, and Farm Supervisor, respectively. Max, a mechanic Botswana and together they visited several trained in Germany, is responsible for the maintenance and farms and began collecting survey data on improvement of CCF facilities and equipment, and assists with farming practices and conflict issues. In various farm tasks. Bessie is responsible for supervising animal addition CCF staff inspected Cheetah husbandry and farm staff. Conservation Botswana’s new field base of operations and cheetah pens in Jwaneng.

CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 5 BRINGING TOGETHER CULTURE, CONSERVATION AND EDUCATION - Editorial By Hannes de Haast, Etosha Conservancy With the long awaited law on nature incentive gives us a good reason to conserve. to achieve this, and that is through a ground-level conservation not yet promulgated, members of Without a material incentive in some or other way, approach. In other words, every one must become conservancies tend to get discouraged and are few people would be interested in conservation. an educator. And, once again, where can one get losing enthusiasm. However, some of the main I once worked for a company that was obsessed a more suitable arrangement to achieve this goal functions of a conservancy lie outside the with the quality of their products and this worked than in a conservancy. What my neighbour does stipulations of a law, so that conservancies have a through even to the person cleaning the floors. agricultural-wise may not necessarily affect me reason to exist Ð with or without the law. I will They really had a pro-quality culture with slogans but what he does wilderness-wise will indeed Ð try to justify this statement by defining and to go with it, like “Quality pays.” and I can play a major role to influence him. Our discussing the three words Ð culture, conservation, Now, how about a slogan for us, like field of education should not be limited to and education, in relevance to conservancies. “Conservation pays.” That is exactly what the conservancy members only. Different target Culture tourism industry in Namibia is all about. Our most groups could be identified for such an educational Culture can be defined as the man-made part of valuable commodity is the wilderness. But a effort, and each group should be approached the human environment. It is the way of life of a wilderness that is littered with plastic bags and differently. For instance, non-members (like the specific group. It is learned rather than transmitted without vultures and cheetahs is no wilderness business community, farm workers, and the by genes. Human beings are trained and educated anymore. Therefore, without conservation we will government) should be educated to become to behave in ways that are conventional and fixed most certainly lose a lot of tourists in the long run. members and to exploit ways to get a share of the by tradition, hence the distinction between culture It certainly will not be good business if a big guest wilderness cake. Each conservancy could become and education. farm is surrounded by neighbours who destroy the a member of the local chamber of commerce and The way that we deal with nature and the wilderness. It is important that as many landowners encourage the business people to become more environment is part of our culture, and I don’t think and land users as possible get a cutfrom this tourism- tourist-friendly, because tourism is good for that we as a nation can be proud of this part of our cake. I can think of no better arrangement for this conservation and vice versa. There are also certain culture. Even with our national flower (the plastic to become as reality, than a conservancy. things that farm workers should know about bag) so abundantly spread across our country, we Education conservation and tourism, and the effect of these definitely cannot say that we have a pro-conservation Education is a social process, designed and on our future, but it is important that there should culture. We rather have a utilization or over- organised to systematically supply the members also be an incentive for them. exploitation culture, a-reap-while-you-have-the- of a group (whether it is a tribe, a community, or a Conclusion chance culture, an if-I-don’t-shoot-it-someone-else- nation) with knowledge, skills, and attitudes, with The three words, culture, conservation, and education will culture, to name but a few. the intention of utilising them to meet individual are intertwined. We can’t just sit and wait. We must Fortunately, culture is something that can and social needs. play an active role to establish a pro-conservation change and that is, I believe, where conservancies If we look at agriculture as an example, we see culture in our country. We must become much more can play an important role. To become a nation that in spite of all the educational paraphernalia tourist-friendly because the profits that go with it give that cares about the environment, we will have to (like extension officers, farmers weeklies, us an ideal incentive to conserve. Conservation will change our culture. agricultural colleges and faculties), a lot of stupid definitely pay. Each of us should become an educator, Conservation things still happen on farms, but in the field of all the different target groups should be addressed, Conservation is the careful management and conservation the situation is much worse. and CANAM should play a leading role in this regard. enlightened use of natural resources. Some Extension officers classify farmers as initiators, resources have been extensively damaged through early-adaptors, late-adaptors and (I human ignorance and carelessness. It is everyone’s want to add) never-adaptors. Now, responsibility to be concerned about conservation if a late-adaptor in agriculture does and to develop proper attitudes and practices to not want to adopt a better method implement it. of production, then he is primarily Conservation has a few enemies that I want to the one that is going to suffer. But, point out, namely greed, ignorance and in our conservancy industry (let us carelessness. The killing of vultures by injudicious call it the ‘wilderness industry’) use of poison would classify under ignorance or ignorance or indifference of a late- indifference, while the shooting of kudu to balance adaptor will cause all of us to suffer one’s budget classifies under greed. Greed is so in the long run. inherent to a free enterprise system that I doubt if For effective conservation, we we would ever be able to eradicate it. We should will have to be more effective and CANAM members attending the AGM in May at the Okahandja rather apply it correctly to be in harmony with our efficient than past agricultural Lodge. CANAM continues its goals in Conservation through goals, and that is quite possible because the money methods. I can think of only one way Conservancies. NAMIBIAN WILD DOG PROJECT INITIATED The African wild dog is the second most persecuted) for large numbers of stock from being Earlier in the year, the predator sub-group in the endangered large carnivore in Africa after the seen in the vicinity of farmlands when the true Otjozondjupa region—comprised of the CCF, WDP, Ethiopian Wolf and the most endangered large cause of livestock loss remains unverified. In and the Rare and Endangered Species Trust (REST), carnivore in Namibia. Perhaps only 3000 animals response to the need for wild dog research and joined efforts to collect predator information in the remain in the wild, Namibia’s population has been conservation, the Namibian Nature Foundation four emerging communal conservancies of the estimated to be around 500 individuals, all has recently initiated the Namibian Wild Dog eastern area of the Otjozondjupa region. The group existing in the isolated northeast of the country. Project (WDP). The aim of the project is to developed a standard questionnaire to focus on Being killed by farmers, habitat loss, and investigate human-wild dog conflict along with predator and wildlife sightings, densities, and disease contracted from domestic dogs are all other threats to wild dog conservation, while farmers’ attitudes. The questionnaire will look at contributing factors to the dog’s drop in numbers. developing means for mitigating these threats. livestock management practices, and will provide While wild dogs undoubtedly kill livestock under The initial study area is the emerging communal baseline information upon which appropriate certain conditions, research has shown that their conservancies of Otjozondjupa and surrounding measures regarding predator issues can be devised. impact is small compared to livestock losses from commercial farmland. The Cheetah Conservation For more information on this project, contact Robin disease, ingestion of poisonous plants, stock theft, Fund is working closely with the WDP to develop Lines by cell phone: 081 2772 333, or email at and predation by feral dogs, jackal, and hyena. collaborative approaches to conservation based on [email protected] Wild dogs are frequently blamed (and subsequently the common objectives of research and education.

6 CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 LIVESTOCK GUARDING DOGS RAISING A GUARDING DOG Ð SUCCESS OR FAILURE?

What makes a dog a successful livestock- various breeds and their sizes? for the puppy to come and go but which is too low guarding dog? Although there are factors such as ¥ Does the dog come from a proven working line? for the adult livestock to access. The pen can also breeding, and training, which contribute to a set Where the problem is smaller predators such as serve as a feeding pen for the dog, so that the of golden rules that should be followed when jackal, many of the smaller traditional mongrels, livestock do not take its food. Ensure the dog has raising a livestock-guarding dog, the secret to a as well as some of the herding breeds will do. some supervised contact with the livestock when successful working dog is its owner! An owner Where larger predators such as leopard and birthing takes place. Older puppies may become that is in touch with his dog’s development, health, cheetah are a problem, then a larger dog will be excited with newborn lambs, often attempting to and progress is the key to ensuring the success of required. The first step to consider is finding a clean newborn livestock (this can assist positively the dog. dog that comes from a proven working line. This with bonding). However, in the process, they Just as young growing children go through is not a guarantee that the dog will succeed, but is sometimes actively prevent the newborn’s mother specific developmental stages, so do all animals. the first step along the way, as genetics can play a from reaching it. Therefore, allow the puppies Any parent can tell you about the importance of role. access to newborn livestock but do supervise them bonding with your baby, the terrible twos, the 3. BONDING in the beginning. dreaded teen years and so on, until maturation Most literature suggests that the critical bonding Puppies should start accompanying livestock at takes place Ð and the raising never really ends. stage for puppies takes place between six and about three months of age but should not be made Raising working dogs is no different. twelve weeks of age. Therefore, the dog should to walk too far or for too long in the beginning. be living with what it is expected to protect, from As the puppy becomes fitter and its feet toughen the age of 8 to 16 weeks. Ideally, the puppy should be born amongst livestock and raised with them for the rest of its working life. Taking an older dog from a home where it has been bred and raised with a family, and putting it with live- stock, is a recipe for failure. If a dog has been born and raised with goats, it will not easily develop an attach- ment to a flock of sheep. The livestock a dog is raised with must be considered its Anatolian puppies on their way to their new home family. Dogs should never be moved The Anatolian Shepherd was imported into from their first herd, so make sure you Namibia by the Cheetah Conservation Fund. This know which herd you want them with Tim Miller with his Anatolian Shepherd near breed was selected as it ranks amongst the top third when you place the dog. New livestock Helmeringhausen of the most successful large working breeds, and may be brought into a herd but the dog it comes from a similar climate to that of Namibia. should always remain with a core group it can up, it can walk for longer periods. A dog that is Most importantly, it has an advantage over the identify with, especially if they are animals that it exhausted and foot-sore is not going to want to many local breeds and traditional mongrels, in that grew up with. walk out. Ensure the dog is lead trained at this it is formidable in size and has the courage to When new livestock are brought in, do stage, and that some livestock accompany it if match Ð important when facing predators such as remember to integrate them gradually. Some dogs, brought back to the kraal. leopard and cheetah. The Anatolian Shepherd is the Anatolian Shepherd being no exception, will also rapidly gaining popularity amongst South recognise strange livestock as not being part of 5. TRAINING African farmers. their “family” and they may try and chase them At three months of age and again around six However, the Anatolian Shepherd is not a away, causing injury. Take kraal manure and rub months, some breeds of dogs go through a very wonder-dog that can be thrown together with it into the new livestock and keep them amongst playful stage. They may chase livestock around, livestock at any age and left to its own devices. A some of the herd for a few days before allowing usually in the early morning and evening hours, certain amount of effort and serious commitment the dog access. If you feel more than one dog is when energetic and bored in the kraal. The owner are required from working dog owners. necessary to protect the herd, first acquire one and needs to be on the lookout for these stages, as with The golden rules to raising a successful working establish it as a successful working dog, before large breeds like the Anatolian, a six-month-old dog can be summarised as follows: acquiring a second dog. Raising two puppies puppy can actually play livestock to death. A together may result in them bonding with one certain amount of playfulness indicates bonding 1. OWNER another and not with the livestock. and that the dog is viewing his livestock as A successful working-dog owner should be: companions. However, an owner should ¥ dedicated to making the dog a success; 4. RAISING reprimand the behaviour when observed, so that ¥ available to monitor the dogs progress and guide A livestock-guarding dog should never be it does not become too boisterous. As a precaution its development; separated from its herd. When still too young to against damage, boisterous dogs can be put on a ¥ willing to invest time and money into the dogs walk out, some members of its herd should always run-wire or penned within the kraal if adequate supervision health, welfare, and development; be left with it in the kraal. When still a puppy, is not possible. When installing a run-wire remember: ¥ patient and understanding of dogs quirks and lambs or kids are best as the dog then grows up ¥ Always ensure the dog has access to water and needs with them and there is mutual acceptance and shade; 2. BREED bonding. ¥ Use a lightweight chain with a swivel clip; When selecting a livestock-guarding dog, an Adult sheep or goats can be quite aggressive ¥ Ensure the dog cannot reach and try to jump over a owner needs to ask: with unfamiliar puppies, so protect the puppy until fence, or become wounded around any support poles; ¥ What are the main predators the dog will need it is mobile enough to avoid them, and the adult ¥ The pegs to which the runwire is attached should to defend the livestock against? livestock have had a chance to become accustomed be secured below the surface of the ground, to ¥ What function have the various available breeds been to the dog. The puppy can be confined in a pen ensure the chain does not get caught on it developed for, i.e., working, herding, hunting, etc? within the kraal when the herd comes into the kraal ¥ What are the advantages/disadvantages of the in the evening. Later, a doorway can be created STORY CONTINUED on page 8

CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 7 COMMUNITY NEWS OTJIWARONGO OSHANA YOUTH CHOIR OTJIWARONGO Defense Force PUBLIC PAINTS The Oshana Youth Choir, a 25-member group from northern Namibia, performed for the CCF staff on learns about CHEETAHS May 27. Their visit to the Otjiwarongo area was coordinated by CCF staff member Siegfriedth cheetahs at CCF In March community members participated in Bandu !Aebeb, and CCF volunteer Richard Urfer. creating cheetah works of art in Otjiwarongo. Two The choir also performed at Pick and Pay in models of cheetahs were placed at the Pick ‘n Pay Otjiwarongo, and at Harry Schneider’s farm, and Spar centres, and members of the public were presenting HIV and AIDS information in musical invited to display their artistic talents by painting form, as well as music from different cultures in a square on the fibreglass models. To paint a Namibia. Siegfriedth commented, “Otjiwarongo and square, one paid N$ 5; over 50 squares were CCF have enjoyed the performance by the young painted on each model. Many adults sponsored people. We’re hoping they come back in the future.” squares so that local children could paint on the cheetahs. The Otjiwarongo Tourism Forum thanks local businesses that supported the community event, including General Supply and Pupkewitz, for donating paint and brushes, and Pick ‘n Pay and Theo’s Spar for allowing the event to be held on Namibian Defense Force spent a morning at CCF their premises. learning about cheetahs and their role in a healthy ecosystem. This distinguished group are based at Otjiwarongo during their training.

OTJIWARONGO YOUTH FORUM’S VISIT CCF Youth Forum is a Youth Development Program CCF’s environmental education programmes. of the National Youth Council of Namibia and Over the past five months CCF has hosted four Directorate of Youth Development. The project youth forums with about 20 members each. In Face to face Ð community conservation in action aims to inspire youth from all backgrounds to dis- total, the Community Development Division of cover their full potential by working together on CCF has reached 795 individuals through These two cheetahs, now called “Community challenging environmental and community information-sharing meetings with communities, Cheetahs,” are part of the 30 cheetah models in projects in Namibia. Youth participating in conservancy members, and the general public. the city’s Meetah Cheetah campaign. Meetah projects at CCF have the chance to gain new skills Cheetah involves displaying individually and enjoy a multi-cultural experience, while their Anyone wanting more information on these decorated cheetahs throughout the town to contribution in terms of local knowledge, history, programmes should contact the promote tourism. and culture is welcomed and valued. Environmental Education Unit (Ministry of Higher Education, Training and For more information, contact the Otjiwarongo The Otjiwarongo Youth Forum visited CCF in Employment Creation, Sub- Division Tourism Information at (067) 303830 or Cheetah February and March of this year. They helped Directorate of Youth Development) by Conservation Fund at (067) 306225. construct a 64-hectare holding pen for cheetahs, telephone at: 061-210658, or call the Cheetah and also cleared the bush in other holding pens. Conservation Fund, and ask for Siegfriedth In between working, the groups participated in Bandu !Aebeb.

STORY CONTINUED from page 7 ¥ A dog should be lead trained and accus- dog to chew on at all times. DOG FOOD DONATION tomed to being restrained before being put ¥ Is the dog being adequately supervised? on a runwire. Note, the dog should never be taken out of A good livestock-guarding dog may the kraal and away from its livestock. sometimes injure livestock through boisterous 6. DIET playing but they very seldom eat accidentally Working dogs should be fed twice daily. killed livestock. If this occurs, however, an They work day and night so two smaller owner needs to consider: meals are best. Remember; do not send a ¥ Diet Ð is nutrition and calcium content dog out in a tough hot climate on a stomach adequate for a growing, working dog, full of dry pelleted food! Always soak food especially if it is a large breed? in water before feeding in the morning, as ¥ Who is feeding the dog, i.e., is the dog many areas do not have water for the dog to receiving the food intended for it? access in the veld. For large breeds of CCF wishes to thank Scientific Veterinary Diet (SVD) - World Class ¥ Is the dog teething and just chewing on working dogs, mieleiepap is not an adequate Nutrition at Affordable Prices, for supplying Starter Packs for our what is available? A dog confined in a diet. A working dog’s diet can be puppies, which include a 2kg-bag of puppy food, and a feeding bowl. Our special thanks to Birgitta Birgitte Bartsch for ensuring that CCF kraal with nothing to chew on may also supplemented with mieliepap, rice, cooked dogs have a supply of food. Birgitta can be contacted by anyone inter- resort to chewing on lambs’ ears! Do en- bones, milk, etc., but the bulk of the diet ested in purchasing SVD food, at 081 248-4856. sure you provide bones or rawhide for the should be a good brand of pelleted food.

8 CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 COMMUNAL CONSERVANCIES TAKE INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO PREDATOR PROBLEMS

The Elephant Corner Conservancy recently water points and other infrastructure, and kill or sharing information with farmers has often proved invited a team from the Cheetah Conservation injure livestock at water points. These problems far more successful. Fund to address members and share ideas on are being addressed by building protection walls predator issues. CCF was well received with a around the water points, providing alternative The Elephant Corner Conservancy isn’t the only turnout of 56 members, many having travelled water points for the elephants, and combining one interested in predators. The Commercial far distances to reach the meeting. gardens into communal areas and electrifying Bank of Namibia’s Go Green Fund recently these. In this way, through improved management approved a grant to support wild dog research. The conservancy invited CCF because it is and progressive thought, planning, and action, The wild dog is another predator with a history investigating alternative solutions to predator conservancy members are looking beyond simply of zero tolerance, and yet it has the potential of conflict, with particular reference to the cheetah, regarding elephants as a liability. Alternative becoming a valuable asset to the eastern and has included predator conservation in their approaches allowing the presence of elephants can communal conservancies. This area cannot boast conservancy mandate. However, in order to also be rewarded by increased developments in elephant or rhino to attract tourist visitors, but it promote tolerance of the cheetah by the ecotourism. does have wild dogs frequenting the area. Many community, livestock conflict issues need to be say that the wild dog is now one of the most addressed. The complicated issue of compensation for sought-after sights for tourists visiting Africa. livestock losses to cheetah was also raised at the As its name proclaims, the Elephant Corner meeting with CCF. The members agreed that such As with the elephant and the wild dog, the cheetah Conservancy boasts of a healthy population of schemes are open to abuse and do not solve the has historically been regarded as a liability. Many elephants. The presence of elephant and their problem of poor livestock management. Predator- communal conservancies are now asking: “How associated problems is an interesting one, as it loss compensation schemes have been can we protect our livestock and turn this predator parallels the problems farmers have with cheetah. implemented around the world, but have seldom into an asset that will benefit the conservancy and In the case of elephant, damage is caused when succeeded in solving the predator conflict issues. its members?” We all have to work together to elephants raid vegetable gardens and damage Addressing livestock management issues and find the answers.

INTEGRATED LIVESTOCK AND PREDATOR MANAGEMENT COURSE PRESENTED AT CCF

The Cheetah Conservation Fund, in collaboration practical training sessions. Spurred on by Don of livestock guarding dogs and Mandy with RISE Namibia (Rural-People’s Institute for Muroua’s (of RISE) convincing performance of Schumann lectured on correct predator ID Social Empowerment in Namibia), presented a an irate farmer who had just lost a prize goat to including looking at killing techniques and training course titled spoor identification. Field trips Integrated Livestock and included an afternoon visit to REST Predator Management at CCF where Maria Diekmann discussed in August this year. the plight of the Cape Vulture in Namibia, the role of scavengers and The course was attended by 42 the effects of the injudicious use of participants, consisting of 35 poisons on the environment. shepherds (community game guards) representing five com- Participants filled out questionnaires munal conservancies, four both at the beginning and at the end MET extension staff members, of the course, to help CCF assess two RISE staff members, and how much participants had learned. one CCF staff member. The Participants also completed five communal conservancies questionnaires during practicals, represented were =Khoadi // which were reviewed by the whole Hoas, Tsiseb, Doro !Nawas, group later to identify problem areas. Torra and Otjimboyo. CCF Workshop participants at CCF initiated the course following CCF and RISE received positive requests for training from some of the commu- an unknown predator, teams of participants used feedback from all the course participants. We nal conservancies CCF visited earlier this year. their Predator ID Sheets developed by REST hope the game guards, armed with this new Otjizondjupa Regional Councilor, the Honourable (Rare and Endangered Species Trust) to figure out knowledge, will go back to their communities Councilor Lukas Hifitikeko opened the course on which predators had taken the livestock. and share what they have learned so that Monday night, while NACSO (Namibia Com- livestock and predator management can be munity Based Natural Resource Management Johan Britz, CCF’s farm manager, put participants integrated into conservancy actions. Supporting Organisation) helped sponsor the through their paces in the lecture room and kraals, course. looking at livestock quality and selection and In the words of the Honourable Councillor, Mr. discussing ways to improve calving percentages Lukas Hifitikeko: “Together, wildlife and During the three-day course topics ranging from and ways to reduce livestock losses to predators. livestock can be the means of taking our correct predator spoor identification, livestock Dr. Arthur Bagot-Smith tackled livestock health communities into a more prosperous future. management to reduce losses, livestock and disease issues with participants, while Harry Integrating predator and livestock management husbandry and wildlife management were Schneider-Waterberg, chairman of the Waterberg is one of the biggest challenges facing our covered. The 42 participants were given the Conservancy, discussed integrating livestock and emerging conservancies. Let us take up the opportunity to put theory to practice and test their wildlife management in conservancies and the challenge and at the end of it say “we can live tracking skills by investigating mock predator kill value of conservancies. together” and we will prosper doing so, for the sites in and around CCF’s goat kraal during CCF’s Fanuel Ekondo dealt with the selection wildlife, the predators and ourselves”.

CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 9 CCF STAFF VISITS THE SIEGFRIEDTH BANDU !AEBEB, CCF’s ERONGO MOUNTAIN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT OFFICER - NATURE CONSERVANCY By Linda Barnes (Earthwatch volunteer)

Pivotal to the success and preservation of the cheetah is the understanding and support of the Namibians themselves. At least that’s what Siegfriedth Bandu !Aebeb says.

Siegfriedth, age 26, has been serving as the Cheetah Conservation Fund’s Community De- velopment Officer since 2001. He is devoted to getting the word out about CCF, and believes that CCF’s environmental awareness and infor- mation is critical to helping farmers with preda- tor management. In December two CCF staff members visited the Erongo Mountain Nature Conservancy to discuss The goals he aims to achieve are three-pronged: predator problems and share information with the economic empowerment of the locals, Conservancy members. Situated on the edge of the environmental awareness, and social change. scenic Erongo Mountains near Otjiwarongo, this There is a deep-rooted belief imbedded in the conservancy has spectacular scenery and plentiful Namibian culture that all predators are a threat. wildlife. But, as is the case on much of Namibian Time and education are required to help Siegfriedth (centre) with volunteers during the farmland, predator conflict with livestock and game Namibians understand that we can live together Waterberg Conservancy Waterhole Count. farming also exists in this area. and that there are benefits for everyone when we protect the cheetah and the environment. (and international groups as well) to CCF,” says Conservancy members are looking at how to resolve Siegfriedth. “We welcome these groups at this conflict, and at the economic value of predators Siegfriedth was raised on a farm with four absolutely no charge and offer accommodation, versus the losses predators cause. The Erongo brothers in the Tsumeb district of Namibia. education, tours, unusual experiences with the Wilderness Lodge, managed by Mike Warren, is a He was taught to hunt cheetah with dogs, or animals, and opportunities to help care for them.” strong supporter of the ecotourism value of to trap and then shoot them. But when he predators. CCF hopes that through exchanging was 16 years old and attending the Braunfield Siegfriedth believes that although there are no information at meetings such as this, farmers, agricultural high school in the Khorixas area, right answers to all the questions about saving particularly those belonging to conservancies, will he joined the environmental education club. the cheetah, we all need to work together to iden- come to terms with living with predators on their land. Soon he was elected chairman of the club and tify the answers that will meet everyone’s needs Situated midway between Otjiwarongo and his perspective about cheetahs changed. He and make peace with the animals. Swakopmund, this conservancy is the ideal stopover now works to change these same perspectives point for weary travellers looking for specialised in the Namibian youth. pampering. To contact the conservancy, or the CONGRATULATIONS Erongo Wilderness Lodge: 264 (0) 64 570 537 or “I feel good about having brought so many youth email: [email protected] and community groups from all over Namibia

On the 8th of July, Otjiwarongo mayor, Mr. Otto Ipinge, unveiled the new Otjiwarongo billboard and launched the town’s official advertising campaign at a press conference in Windhoek. During the conference, he stressed the importance of the town with .....to CCF’s Education Officer, Matti regard to its location in Namibia and invited people to visit our beautiful area and Nghikembua, who finished his B-Tech in Natural also mentioned that it was indeed an ideal town for investments. He closed by declaring Resource Management at the end of last year, and our campaign officially launched and said like the billboard states: “Otjiwarongo - to Don Muroua, CCF former employee. Matti and the cheetah capital of the World would like to welcome you.” He also handed out the Don both graduated from Polytechnic of Namibia car stickers to the press that say the same message. last February.

10 CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 EDUCATION UPDATE OVERVIEW OF THE CONSERVATION BIOLOGY AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT COURSE A collaboration between the University of Namibia, and representatives from the Ministry Expertise on Namibian flora and fauna was Namibia, the Smithsonian Institution, the of Environment and Tourism and Wilderness provided by local guest speakers such as Dr. Hu Cheetah Conservation Fund and the Africa Safaris. Silvia Morgante from Windhoek, a Berry of the CCF Scientific Advisory Board; Dr. Conservation Science Centre. The first trainee guide/manager from Wilderness Safaris, Ulf Tubbesing, private veterinarian from Conservation Biology & Wildlife Management expected the course to give her a foundation in Windhoek; Dr. Betsy Fox from the Ministry of training course for Namibian undergraduate and conservation biology and be valuable to her. Environment and Tourism; Dr. Keith Leggett of post-graduate students was held in January as a result “With lodge management you can always be the Desert-Dwelling Elephant and Giraffe of a collaborative effort between the University of more environmentally aware, and one day it Research Project of Namibia; Blythe Loutitt from Namibia (UNAM), the Smithsonian Institution of may be that I run an eco-lodge myself,” she Save the Rhino Trust; and the staff of the Cheetah Washington DC, USA, the Cheetah Conservation said. UNAM student Uazamo Koura, originally Conservation Fund, who gave research Fund (CCF) and the African Conservation Science from Okakarara and double majoring in biology presentations and practical examples of Centre. The four-week course was the 69th in a and chemistry, said she expected to know more conservation in action. worldwide programme run by the Smithsonian about wildlife afterwards, adding that there is Other course instructors from the Smithsonian Institution, which previously held courses in South not much opportunity for practical experience Institution included Dr. David Wildt, Head of the America, Asia and Africa. at UNAM. Silvia and Uazamo both agreed Department of Reproductive Sciences; Dr. Rob the course provided a wide range of Fleischer, Head of the Genetics Programme at the information, and was quite demanding at times. National Museum of Natural History; Dr. Jon Some lectures, however, gave Uazamo help in Ballou, population geneticist; Dr. Adrienne focusing on what areas of study to choose and Crosier, reproductive physiologist; Jon Beadell, broadening her outlook. “I’ll also be able to population geneticist; and Craig Saffoe, cheetah share this knowledge with my people and apply keeper. it in my future career,” she said. Half of the course was spent at CCF, where most of the practical components Matti Nghikembua discusses the effects of bush took place, while most of encroachment with course participants. the lectures took place at UNAM. The financial sponsors of the course were Ned Courses encompassed and Diana Twining of the African Conservation principles of both in-situ and Science Centre. The course director was Dr. Martin ex-situ conservation,including Mbewe of UNAM, and course co-ordinator was lectures and field excursions Dr. Rudy Rudran of the Smithsonian Institution in genetics and field National Zoological Park’s Conservation & ornithology, laboratory Research Centre. modules, trainee seminars and Dr. Rudran, a lecturer in conservation biology mini research projects who has been actively involved in these conducted by the students. Smithsonian courses since 1981, said, “It is For example, one student A collaboration between the University of Namibia, the Smithsonian gratifying that lots of students from previous used library research to Institution, the Cheetah Conservation Fund and the Africa Conserva- courses are now heads of wildlife or conservation investigate the use of natural tion Science Centre representatives shown here with the 18 course organisations in their own countries. Some are resources (plants and participants included students from the University of Namibia, Poly- now professors and teaching (students) animals) by local technic of Namibia, and representatives from the Ministry of Environ- themselves.” communities while another ment and Tourism and Wilderness Safaris. The 18 course participants included students from researched the genetic the University of Namibia, Polytechnic of diversity of bird species. ROGATE PRIMARY RECEIVES DONATION communities and The Cheetah Conservation Fund (CCF) in schools throughout Otjiwarongo made a fun visit to the Rogate the country. Primary School last week to present the learners with more books and art supplies as well as a Otjiwarongo is check for $1400. These items and the check came known as the Cheetah from pen pal school children in Cincinnati, Ohio Capital of the World USA. Through CCF, a long-term friendship and the community between Rogate and schools in Ohio has taken continues to work place since 1994. The recent donations came from together to see The Greater Cincinnati Academy, a private school benefits of having of 30 children. One of the students, Rachel wild, free-ranging Samuels, a 13 year old, raised the money through cheetahs on the land bake sales of cookies and cupcakes at her school. through increased The cookies sold for ($0.25 US) N$2.00 each so Students proudly display donated books, posters and art supplies. tourism. CCF works she raised the money for Rogate one cookie at a to help promote good farm management to reduce time. The Rogate School will use the money for The Cheetah Conservation Fund is a Namibian livestock loss to predators and encourages good/ their school improvement projects. Trust dedicated to the conservation of Namibia’s cheetahs and work with farmers, local sustainable wildlife management.

CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 11 A PARTICIPANT’S PERSPECTIVE: THOUGHTS ON THE CONSERVATION BIOLOGY AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT COURSE By Wellencina Mukaru and Ezequiel Fabiano

We found out about the Conservation Biology everything Conservation Fund’s field station for three weeks. and Wildlife Management course through a notice changed after a It was a lot of fun. The theoretical component of board at the University of Namibia, and were farewell dinner we the course was data collection, design, analysis, lucky enough to be allowed to join, although we had for Dr. David and scientific writing skills. The field-station were the only two Bachelors of Science graduates Woods, one of our work included game counts, bird surveys and taking the course. instructors, and the DNA analysis procedures, vegetation At first we were rather intimidated by the other group started to identification, and density determination. participants, including those from the Ministry bond. Socially, the group got to know one another bet- of Environment and Tourism, because those The course was ter, finishing the course as friends despite the fact participants had much more knowledge (both a month long. We that we started off as strangers. At the end every- theoretical and practical) than we did. spent the first one seemed talkative, and we wished that the The first day was quite interesting with a lot of week at the course were only beginning. We finally walked tension in the room as initially course participants University of away with certificates, new friends (both in coun- were divided into the Ministries, companies, and Namibia for try and overseas), and a lot of new knowledge. institutions that they represented. Some people theoretical work, Most importantly, the course helped many of us Ezequiel Fabiano & were bold, sharing what they knew, while others and then travelled make career choices. Wellencia Mukaru with were silent; we were among the silent ones. But to the Cheetah Chwbacka PREDATOR CONSERVATION CURRICULUM

CCF participated in the Environmental Following was a panel discussion on lessons Educators of Southern Africa (EEASA) learned by other people involved with education conference during June 2003. At this international in both formal and informal programmes and conference, CCF held an afternoon workshop that presented by Karen Knot from the IRDNC, dealt with developing predatory conservation David Sampson from NEID, and Sue Benedette education and its implementation into the formal from FAO. curriculum and non-formal education. The first The third part of CCF’s workshop was a round part of the workshop included papers by CCF and table to discuss how to get predator education into Cheetah OutRearch on implementing Predator the formal curriculum in Namibia and throughout Conservation in the Education Curriculum. the SADAC region, and how to get Predator CCF presented a paper entitled Challenges Education into non-formal education nation and Facing Predator Conservation Education in region wide. Namibia, drawing on the lessons learned from Over 10 invited participants along with CCF CCF’s education programme, and on challenges education staff joined in the round table facing predator conservation in Namibia, and in discussion. CCF staff and volunteers attended the Environmen- developing and implementing predator education. CCF student volunteer, Carola Zardo, from tal Educators of Southern Africa (EEASA) conference Cheetah Outreach Education Officer, Dawn Cheetah Outreach in Cape Town, worked actively during June 2003 including (from left) Dr. Laurie Glover presented a paper entitled Predator on coordinating CCF’s participation in the Con- Marker , Gephardt Nikanor, Matti Nghikembua, Conservation Education In South Africa. ference, as well as its workshop. Carola Zardo, E. Fabiano, and Ron Gray. CCF Education Staff Keeping Busy

Public education and the development of an education activities including a active grassroots constituency are integral Nature Trail, team building components of CCF’s overall cheetah activities, games, and other conservation programme. CCF is educating environmental awareness farmers, teachers and the public about the need activities. Groups usually spend and methods to conserve Namibia’s rich two nights with CCF. biodiversity, and the role of the cheetah and other Between 1 January and 30 predators in healthy ecosystems. June 2003, 9 school groups Between 1 January and 30 June, nearly 6900 stayed at CCF’s campsites, 9 learners and youth group members attended a schools visited CCF on site for CCF educational programme, either at the Centre day visits, and 5 youth groups or through outreach programmes. The number stayed at CCF. also includes daily visitors to the Centre. All overnight groups were CCF’s Field Research and Education Centre accommodated at Light Foot continues to receive visitors from schools, campsite. A total number of 326 regional youth groups, youth officials, tourists, learners and 109 out-of-school teachers, health officials, farmers, conservation youth took part in the Centre- and agriculture extension officials, students and based programmes coming the general public. from throughout Namibia, Organised education programmes at CCF are including, Khorixas, designed mainly for groups accommodated at the Otjiwarongo, Oshakati, either CCF’s Wilderness Camp or tented Camp Usakos,Windhoek, Outjo, Lightfoot. CCF hosts school and community Walvis Bay and Swakopmund. groups, exposing them to different environmental

12 CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 CHEETAH CONSERVATION SIX STUDENTS ACROSS INTERNTIONAL COMPLETE BOUNDARIES UTAH STATE’S by David Jenike and Shasta Back ROUND RIVER STUDIES COURSE Oceans apart, students at Mason Elementary in Ohio respond with AT CCF unbridled enthusiasm to the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Between February and May, six students Garden’s Cat Ambassador Program completed the Round River Conservation education outreach staff, while back Studies course, which is based at the Cheetah in Namibia, Rogate School students Conservation Fund’s field station, Cheetah in Otjiwarongo, Namibia, welcome View. Round River is based out of Utah State Gebhardt Nikanor, Outreach University and teaching undergraduates about Coordinator for the Cheetah applied conservation biology and various field Conservation Fund. These education biology techniques. programmes in the United States and Namibia are aimed at student This year, five American students were joined participation in a collaborative by one student from the University of Namibia conservation-education programme Students review the draft school activity guide for their course. Two of CCF’s staff members, designed to tell the cheetah’s story and Amy Dickman as programme manager, and stimulate the actions of youth in both ing standards promoted in each country. Particular Josephine Henghali as an assistant, were countries.The partnership between the Cincinnati attention was given to designing the guides to be involved in running the course this year. A Zoo and Botanical Garden (CZBG), and the relevant and accessible to youth of both cultures. former Round River student, Meridith Cheetah Conservation Fund (CCF) began in the Through stories and activities presented in an en- Kirkpatrick, returned to Namibia to act as the early 1990s when Cathryn Hilker, founder of the gaging and colourful context, the guides emphasise teaching assistant for the course. CZBG’s Cat Ambassador Program, and Laurie the major concepts discussed during the outreach Marker, founder and Director of CCF, teamed up programs, such as the plight of the endangered chee- Projects conducted by the students focused on for the first time. tah, its importance in the ecosystem, and what can examining the habitat characteristics of areas be done to save the species. preferentially used by cheetahs, in an attempt to learn more about the habitat selection of wild By telling the cheetah’s story Namibian cheetahs. The fieldwork involved through hands-on activities, the many hours of tough walking through virtually guides supplement the goals of the impenetrable Acacia thornbush, but the students outreach programs. They serve to were rewarded by numerous exciting sightings, increase knowledge and apprecia- including several snakes, an African wildcat, and tion of the cheetah and its role in a even a close-up view of a leopard pausing to healthy ecosystem, as well as gen- watch one of the many times that a flat tyre had erate concern about the cheetah’s to be changed! plight. Most importantly, the guides encourage students to play an active In addition to field projects, the students got the role in cheetah conservation, opportunity to assist with cheetah work at CCF, whether it’s simply to pledge to be a received two weeks of academic lectures friend of the cheetah, or to share the provided by Dr. Matt Kaufmann and Roman Students show their activity books after a CCF school cheetah’s story with others. Biek, and took both mid-term and final exams assembly programme. for academic credit from their universities. The Evaluation and feedback from students also spent three weeks in Damaraland, The latest collaboration builds on the experience teachers indicate that we are succeeding. To- working with Mike Hearn of the Save the Rhino and already successful cheetah outreach efforts of gether, the outreach programmes and activity Trust (SRT) as part of a long-term project to both organizations, by developing student-based guides reach more than 20,000 young people a develop a habitat suitability model for black activity guides on cheetah conservation that com- year. If each of those students embraces the chee- rhinos in the region. plement the outreach programs. Two guides were tah and takes action on its behalf, imagine the developed to target different grade levels and, as difference it would make in helping the fastest Other activities included excursions to various the outreach programs do, they align with the learn- animal on land win the race against extinction. parts of Namibia, waterhole counts, game drives, setting up spoor (track) stations for local Namibia well represented at the Audi Terra carnivores, and a visit to the vulture project run Nova Awards by CCF’s neighbour Maria Diekmann at the Rare and Endangered Species Trust (REST). In addition, Trent Alvey, a visiting artist, 2002 Terra Nova Award’s winner Jan Oelofse coordinated a great weekend working with local (left) talks with two of the four finalist that were students from the Okakarara Nature Club. honoured at a ceremony in January in South Overall, the students received a broad grounding Africa, Solomon Cedile of the Youth in Namibian culture, lifestyle, ecology, and Development Project in Khayelitsha and Laurie conservation programmes. Marker, of Namibia. Jan Oelofse won the Award in recognition for refining game capture CCF Education Centre techniques. open to the public daily 9-5.

CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 13 INTERNATIONAL N EWS UPDATE ON CCF KENYA Through our networking with Kenya Wildlife Where the cheetahs come from and where they (EAWLS), and Jomo Kenyatta Foundation have Services (KWS) and the farming communities, go is the question that the communites continue assisted with funding and printing of the activity the Cheetah Conservation Fund Kenya staff is to ask? And why is the population declining. One pages developed by the CCF Kenya staff. Friends being frequently contacted with reports of cheetah reason is that the landscape where cheetahs once of Conservation (FOC) and KWS are involved in sightings and problems. Several cases have been roamed freely is now a mixture of subdivided and the development of the education activities and will investigated in the last six months. heavily populated land, there is some tourism assist in distributing information. CCF-Kenya also activityon private land with abundant piggybacked on a tourism awareness campaign localised wildlife, but most areas are with FOC. CCF tourism campaign brochures (The mainly subsistence farming land, Great Cheetah Census) were printed and have been flower and agricultural properties, and distributed to tourist lodges throughout the country. commercial farming. CCF Kenya KWS monitoring programme for cheetahs in the continues to develop its education Masai Mara was assisted by CCF through programme. The response has been developing biomedical protocols to ensure encouraging. Both students and methodologies are consistent. By working teachers ask many questions, and together, CCF and KWS are laying the groundwork pledge their support by sharing their for long-term monitoring of cheetah within the Park knowledge with family, neighbours and and in farmland regions. Cheetah-sighting reports friends. CCF-Kenya has targeted to KWS and CCF will help determine the best existing environmental clubs location for long-term monitoring. A cooperative supplementing their current activities. partnership will ensure good data collection and CCF staff and volunteers with KWS staff conducting The East African Wildlife Society determine future funding in collaborative projects. biomedical collections in the Mara. Workshop on Cheetah Conservation in Kenya A workshop on Cheetah Conservation in Kenya conservation/research. was held on the 30 of July Ð 1st of August at the Dr. Laurie Marker, Mbweha Camp in Elementaita within the Director of Cheetah Nakururu Wildlife Forum. The Cheetah Conservation Fund in Conservation Fund, Kenya (CCFK), organized the Namibia, and workshop. Nearly 40 people attended the representative of the workshop that brought together international IUCN Cat Specialist cheetah experts and Kenyans interested in cheetah Group, was the guest conservation, including several members of the speaker at the Workshop Kenyan Wildlife Service, representatives from and presented information four of Kenya’s Wildlife Forums, three NGO’s on the Global Cheetah including officials of the African Wildlife Master Plan, model Foundation and Save the Elephant Trust, along programmes developed in Over 35 workshop participants came from throughout Kenya and well as with the Director of the Serengeti Cheetah Project, Namibia for cheetah internationally to discuss cheetah conservation in the country. Dr. Sarah Durant and the Executive Director of the outside protected areas Cheetah Conservation Fund, Dr. Laurie Marker. and the future of cheetah throughout its range, as well of the Mara cheetahs she has handled. KWS and Since 2002, the Kenya Wildlife Service’s as an international perspective on the difficulties of CCF have cooperatively initiated collection of (KWS) cheetah group, under the direction of captive breeding and management, although biomedical samples of cheetah in the Masai Mara researcher Martin Mulama, and the Cheetah important as a backup to the wild population. and developed a protocol for collection in other Conservation Fund Kenya, headed by Mary Mary Wykstra and Cosmas Wambua talked about regions. With increasing information on cheetah/ Wykstra, have been working cooperatively to gain their cheetah research on ranch/farm land outside of human conflict issues it is important for CCF and an understanding of the number and demographics protected reserves and parks focusing on the Nakuru KWS to continue working cooperatively to develop of cheetah in Kenya. The workshop aims were to Wildlife Forum area and the Machakos area. CCF’s protocols for handling capture, sampling and put Kenya’s cheetah research into a global context, focus in 2002 was on the Nakuru Wildlife Forum relocation of problem cheetahs. and to bring people together who are interested region in the central Rift Valley Province to evaluate Other talks were presented by Dr. Sarah Durant in cheetah conservation in Kenya. past and present cheetah sightings and conflict issues. and Dr. Fumi Mizutani. Dr. Durant talked about the According to Wykstra, “the workshop hopes In 2003 CCF is conducting comparative evaluations long-term cheetah research conducted in the to encourage cooperation between existing and of farming communities in other regions where Serengeti National Park. Where Dr. Mizutani talked proposed projects through linkages and following cheetah sightings are more frequent. about human and predator conflict issues in the guidelines set by the Global Cheetah Master Several members of KWS also made presentations. Lakipia area. Plan”. A Global Cheetah Master Plan, which has Martin Mulama, Assistant Director of Research and Although neither KWS nor CCF currently have provided guidelines for collaborative cheetah Planning gave an over view of the current research the resources to conduct detailed research in all studies and international breeding programmes projects in Kenya. Bernard Kuloba, head researcher regions of Kenya, there are several individuals and was developed in 2002 through the Global for the Mara Cheetah Research Project, presented organisations that have expressed an interest in Cheetah Forum. The topics of discussion at the results from the past year’s studies, including the assisting with the development of research, workshop included Research, Management, and identification of over 35 cheetahs in the Mara conservation and education programmes through out Education. The Kenya Wildlife Director of ecosystem. David Konas, KWS researcher discussed Kenya. In order to promote consistency in data Research, Dr. Richard Bagine, although not in his census finding of cheetah in the Samburu and collection and presentation, CCF and KWS used this attendance, sent an inspirational speech that was Marsabit areas. Dr.Adeela Sayyid, Curator of the workshop as a gathering of the interested parties to presented to the workshop delegates about Nairobi Orphanage and SafariWalk and veterinarian discuss cooperative programmes for the general Kenya’s commitment to cheetah conservation and for the Mara cheetah research project presented the conservation and education for the long-term to present the goals of KWS concerning cheetah protocols for biomedical collections and condition survival of Kenya’s cheetahs. 14 CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 NAMIBIAN CHEETAH THANK OU CUBS BORN IN THE USA Y In May this year, the White Oak Conservation CCF thanks the following people, companies & institutions for their support Center reported their first cheetah births sired by Mr. & Mrs Schullenbach Chris Waddell Wilderness Safaris one of the ten Namibian cheetahs that went to the Mr. Lung Robyn Walls Rosalie & Garrison Brinton USA in 2001. The young male from Namibia Mr. & Mrs. H.D. Detering Jo Wilder Cheetah Outreach bred with a hand-raised captive female cheetah Mr. & Mrs. Bohmcker David Zuckerman Mr B.E.H.G Schmidt Von Wuehlisch from another zoo in the USA. Although this is Mr. & Mrs. Hoeboom Allan Momberg The Green Trust the first time this female has bred and produced Mr. Bockmeul Emily Kelly Friends of Catherine and Carl Hilker cubs, she is doing very well at White Oak with Ralf Ritter Cordelia Moore Cincinnati Zoo her large litter of five. Harry & Hannah Lorraine Bowden Christine Neville Scheider-Waterberg Ron Gray Nicolas & Fenella Deeming Jack & Lilian Imbert Andrea Dailey Laerskool Walvisbaai Martin Mbewe Gabby Drake Hoerskool Outjo Ezequiel Fabiano Jessica MacManus M.T. Druitt Dr. Arthur Bagot-Smith Sue Unger E Eran Dr. Mark Jago Kelly Richmond Betsy Fox Don Muroua Nisha Ligon Julie Mosen RISE Brian Crumrine Jorn Miller NACSO Isabelle Berube The Nature Conservancy Carla Meyer Marc Girard Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo Raleigh International Carola Zardo The Zoo, Oklahoma City Dorothy Albee Richard Urfer Jack Ratti Linda Barnes Jody Hackman David & Yvonne Sansome Cheetah cubs born at White Oak Conservation Annie Bernard Judith Gabey Richard Werbe Centre in Florida, USA Fiona Blythe Alicia Pickering Barrie Watson Lynn Bonner Debra Laroe Vera Holne White Oak, located in Yulee, Florida, has an Kim Bridges Corris Kaapehi Harry Harrington excellent reputation for breeding cheetahs and Patricia Burke Beth Schaeffer Grenada Films other endangered species successfully. White Oak Lisa Burke Andrew Harrington Koandeka Support Group is dedicated to saving endangered species through Jenny Campbell Jessica Rubado Wild Dog Safaris collaborative in situ and ex situ programmes, Brenda De La Ossa Dianne Girard African Wilderness Trails supporting, among others, conservation Frances Derry Malcome Taylor Wilderness Safaris Namibia programmes for okapi, rhino, maned wolves, and Gwendelina Duquette Dunlap Tyres - Tyres 2000 Wilderness Safaris South Africa cheetahs.The Cincinnati Zoo also reported the Melanie Fredericks Busch Entertainment Boras Djpark, Sweden Linda Harden Corporation Cotswold Foundation birth of two cubs, their parents being two of the Gail Harrower Yori Skutt Andrew Sabin four cheetahs that went to Cincinnati Mast Breeding Pat Hines Jack Hanna and the The Eendowment Fund Center in 2001. Unfortunately one of the cubs had a Nicole Hinton Columbus Zoo A.H.Bloom cleft palate and had to be euthanised. The remaining Else Hooijberg Van Rhyn Primere Skool Denise L. Jackson cub was removed from the mother and is being hand Kathleen Hudson Deborah Cunial Ester & Jerome Ansel raised at the zoo. The cub is being hand raised because Eric Hudson Fota Wildlife Park Leslie Fund, INC. experience at captive facilities around the world has Dace Johnson Helen T Andrews Charitable Gift Fund shown that single cubs do not survive past three or Susan Kropp Foundation DBA BWC Photo Labs four days, as in most cases the mother’s milk will dry Carolene Magner Ellen Kritzman Barry & Mindy Major Family Gift Fund up due to too little stimulation by single cubs. Cathy Mayne Philadelphia Zoo Pat & Bill Miller CCF congratulates the staffs of Cincinnati and Jennifer Miller Raymond Lee Paul. E. Yestrumskas White Oak, and looks forward to hearing about the Katherine Miller C Heuva Junior Secondary School Yanagida & Nomura next births! CCF also thanks the people and Tina Nelson Blutberg Farming government of Namibia for playing a historic role by James Scobel allowing the exportation of ten Namibian non- John Smithyman Help support the releasable cheetahs to the US. These cheetahs are Kathleen Sullivan Cheetah Conservation Fund Sonja Vonderhagen strengthening the gene pool of the species worldwide. To join the Fund in its efforts, just mark the category of support and fill in your name and address on the form below. Every donor receives a sticker from Donors who wish to make direct deposits CCF. Extra stickers may be purchased for N$15 each. Please tick amount to CCF’s account may do so at: and circle currency: N$/ US $/ £/ DM Participating 25 NAMIBIA: Donor 50 Commercial Bank of Namibia, Bülow Street Branch, Contributor 100 12-20 Bülow Street, PO Box 1, Windhoek Namibia, Supporter 250 SWIFT No. CBON NA NX, Acc. No. 1609-069013-04. Patron 1 000 UNITED KINGDOM: Conservator 2 500 CCF UK - Registered Charity # 1079874 Benefactor 5 000 PO Box 151, Godalming, Surry GU7 2XW E-mail: [email protected] Other ...... for direct deposit donations Name: ...... Sort code: 30-93-49, Acc. No. 0988105 Mailing Address: ...... UNITED STATES OF AMERCIA: ...... CCF USA - non-profit # 31-1726923 Mail this form and your cheque (payable to Cheetah Conser- PO Box 1380 vation Fund) to: Ojai, CA 93014 USA Cheetah Conservation Fund, PO Box 1755, E-mail: [email protected] Otjiwarongo, Namibia

CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003 15

el: 067 306 225, Fax: 067 306 247, Email: [email protected] Email: 247, 306 067 Fax: 225, 306 067 el: Otjiwarongo, Namibia; T Namibia; Otjiwarongo,

, post letters to PO Box 1755, Box PO to letters post , ’s mailing list, or to contact CCF contact to or list, mailing ’s To add your name to CCF to name your add To

EDITORS - DR. LAURIE MARKER AND BONNIE SCHUMANN BONNIE AND MARKER LAURIE DR. - EDITORS

TIONAL PATRON TIONAL HIS EXCELLENCY THE PRESIDENT DR. SAM NUJOMA - INTERNA - NUJOMA SAM DR. PRESIDENT THE EXCELLENCY HIS

TION # 21/2002/341 # TION TED ASSOCIATION NOT FOR GAIN - REGISTRA - GAIN FOR NOT ASSOCIATION TED CCF IS AN INCORPORA AN IS CCF

DR. LAURIE MARKER - EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR EXECUTIVE - MARKER LAURIE DR.

Dr. Susie Ellif Susie Dr.

Dr. Sanjayan Muttulingam Sanjayan Dr.

Dr. Sarah Durant Sarah Dr.

Peter Stewart Peter Dr. Gus Mills Gus Dr.

David Spellman David Dr. David Macdonald David Dr.

Nick Lindsay Nick Trygve Cooper Trygve

Alan Lester Alan Dr. David Wildt David Dr.

Andrew Mitchell (Chairman) Mitchell Andrew R. Erasmus R. Dr. Ian Player Ian Dr.

H. Schneider-Waterberg H. Dr. Stephen O’Brien Stephen Dr.

UK Board of Trustees of Board UK I. IIthethe I. Dr. Linda Munson Linda Dr.

P. Haipara P. Professor David Meltzer David Professor

M. Hill M. Dr. Laurie Marker Laurie Dr.

Dr. R. Hassel R. Dr. Sean McKeown Sean Dr. Laurie Marker Laurie Dr.

John Lukas John Namibian Advisors Namibian Ken Adelman Ken

Dr. Eugene Joubert Eugene Dr. Michael Sweatman Michael

Dr. Charles Hocutt Charles Dr. Pat Miller (Chairman) Miller Pat Dr. Jock Orford Jock Dr.

Jack Grisham Jack Dr. Laurie Marker Laurie Dr. John Lukas John

Dr. Richard Estes Richard Dr. Jane Katjavivi Jane Charlie Knowles Charlie

Dr. Ray Coppinger Ray Dr. Charles Bodenstein Charles Christine Hemrick Christine

Dr. Hu Berry Hu Dr. Mary Kruger Mary Carl Hilker Carl

Dr. Karl Ammann Karl Dr. Walter Böttger Walter Robert Haas Robert

Dr. Arthur Bagot-Smith (Chairman) Bagot-Smith Arthur Dr. Vance Martin Vance

Advisory Board Advisory

rustees USA Board of T of Board USA rustees Namibian Board of T of Board Namibian International Science International

an International Conservation Organisation Conservation International an CCF- Cheetah Conservation Fund Conservation Cheetah CCF-

From: Cheetah Conservation Fund, PO Box 1755, Otjiwarongo, Namibia

16 CHEETAH CONSERVATION FUND NEWSLETTER VOLUME 19 • SEPTEMBER 2003