DOCSLIB.ORG

Insect Elevational Specialization in a Tropical Biodiversity Hotspot

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Insect Elevational Specialization in a Tropical Biodiversity Hotspot This is a repository copy of Insect elevational specialization in a tropical biodiversity hotspot. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/122465/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Macedo, Margarete V, Monteiro, Ricardo F, Flinte, Vivian et al. (10 more authors) (2017) Insect elevational specialization in a tropical biodiversity hotspot. Insect conservation and diversity. ISSN 1752-458X https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12267 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Insect Conservation and Diversity Insect eForlevational Review specialization in Onlya tropical biodiversity hotspot Journal: Insect Conservation and Diversity Manuscript ID ICDIV-17-0097.R1 Manuscript Type: Original rticle Date Submitted by the uthor: n/a Complete List of uthors: Macedo, Margarete* Uni,ersidade -ederal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de .cologia Monteiro, Ricardo* Uni,ersidade -ederal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de .cologia -linte, Vi,ian* Uni,ersidade -ederal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de .cologia lmeida-Neto, M0rio* Uni,ersidade -ederal de 1oi0s, Departamento de .cologia 2hattar, 1abriel* Uni,ersidade -ederal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de .cologia da Sil,eira, Lui3* Uni,ersidade -ederal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de .cologia R UJO, CRISTIN * Uni,ersidade -ederal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de .cologia ra45o, Rodrigo* Uni,ersidade -ederal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de .cologia Colares, Carolina* Uni,ersidade -ederal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de .cologia 1omes, Carlos* Uni,ersidade -ederal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de .cologia Mendes, Clarice* Uni,ersidade -ederal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de .cologia dos Santos, .duardo* Uni,ersidade -ederal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de .cologia Mayhew, 7eter* Uni,ersity of 8or9, Department of :iology altitudinal ranges, climate change, ele,ational speciali3ation, extinction 2eywords: ris9, range shifting, tropical insects, tropical rainforest Page 1 of 41 Insect Conservation and Diversity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 For Review Only 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Insect Conservation and Diversity Page 2 of 41 1 2 3 4 1 5 6 7 2 8 9 10 11 3 12 13 14 4 Insect elevational specialization in a 15 16 17 5 tropical biodiversity hotspot 18 For Review Only 19 20 6 21 22 7 Running title: Tropical elevational specialization 23 24 25 8 26 27 9 28 1 1 1 29 10 Margarete V. Macedo , Ricardo F. Monteiro , Vivian Flinte , 30 2 1 1 31 11 Mario Al eida-Neto , Gabriel %hattar , Luiz F. L. da Silveira , 32 1 1 1 12 Cristina de O. Ara*jo , Rodrigo de O. Ara*jo , Carolina Colares , 33 1 1 1 34 13 Carlos V. da S. Go es , Clarice ,. Mendes , Eduardo F. Santos 35 1 36 14 and .eter /. Mayhe0 37 38 15 39 40 1 41 16 2eparta ento de Ecologia, Instituto de ,iologia, 3niversidade Federal do Rio de 42 17 /aneiro, CE. 21451-540, R/, ,razil 43 2. 44 18 2eparta ento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ci8ncias ,iol9gicas, 3niversidade Federal de 45 19 Goi:s, Goi;nia, GO, ,razil. 46 47 20 1 2epart ent of ,iology, 3niversity of York, Heslington, York, YO10 522, 3%. 48 49 21 Correspondence to: 50 51 22 ./M 52 53 Tel: +55 A0) 1405 12CD55 54 23 55 56 24 FaE: +55 A0) 1405 12C505 57 58 25 e- ail: peter. ayhe0Fyork.ac.uk 59 60 1 Page 3 of 41 Insect Conservation and Diversity 1 2 3 26 Abstract 4 5 27 1. Tropical ontane organis s are vulnerable to cli ate change because of elevational 6 7 28 specialization, but little is kno0n of the variability of elevational specialization across 8 29 tropical insects. 9 10 11 30 2. Ge assessed elevational specialization across several insect taEa co prising four 12 13 31 trophic groups C0-22D1 up an elevational transect in ,razilian Atlantic Rainforest, 14 32 using co unity-based and species-based approaches. 15 16 17 33 1. Ge sa pled D47 species, of 0hich 12I 0ere found only in the top and 55I only in 18 34 the botto halfFor of the transect Review. Considering only theOnly 1C2 species 0ith at least five 19 20 35 individuals recorded, the percentage of species found eEclusively in the top or botto 21 22 36 half drops to 1DI and 25I. 23 24 37 5. Across four vegetation belts Alo0er ontane forest, ontane forest, upper ontane 25 26 38 forest and Ca pos de Altitude) the Eu olpinae Aherbivores) 0ere ore specialized than 27 28 39 Scarabaeinae Asaprotrophs), or La pyridae Apredators). This result 0as robust to the 29 40 treat ent of rare species, and the difference 0as ost arked at higher elevations. 30 31 41 La pyridae lacked upper ontane forest specialists. 32 33 42 5. 3sing all species sa pled, specialization to the upper or lo0er half of the transect 34 35 43 0as greatest a ongst Chryso elidae, Curculionidae Aboth herbivores) and La pyridae, 36 37 44 and lo0est a ongst Tiphiidae Aparasitoids) and Coccinellidae Apredators). Ho0ever, 38 45 considering only better sa pled species, La pyridae 0ere the ost specialized and 39 40 46 ,raconidae the least specialized. Trophic groups also varied in line 0ith these findings. 41 42 43 47 D. Our findings suggest high elevational specialization and conco itant eEtinction risk 44 48 in ,razilian Atlantic Rainforest insects. 2ifferences in elevational specialization 45 46 49 bet0een taEono ic groups ay alter the functioning of insect co unities under 47 48 50 cli ate change. 49 50 51 51 52 52 %ey 0ords: altitudinal ranges, cli ate change, elevational specialization, eEtinction 53 54 53 risk, range shifting, tropical insects, tropical rainforest 55 56 57 54 58 59 60 2 Insect Conservation and Diversity Page 4 of 41 1 2 3 55 Introduction 4 5 56 Cli ate change is no0 0idely recognized to be a ajor cause of eEtinction risk globally 6 7 57 ATho as et al., 2005J .ar esan, 200DJ ,rierley K %ingsford, 2004J Hannah, 2012J 8 58 3rban, 2015). One of the echanis s by 0hich changing cli ates ight cause 9 10 59 eEtinction is 0hen rising te peratures eEceed critical physiological thresholds, forcing 11 12 60 species to shift their ranges to suitable habitats or leading the to eEtinction A.ar esan 13 61 K Yohe, 2001J Tho as et al., 2005J 3rban, 2015). The ability of a species to persist in 14 15 62 a 0ide range of ther al conditions is therefore likely to ake it ore resistant to 16 17 63 cli ate change, 0hilst species that can only persist in a narro0 range of ther al 18 64 conditions 0ill beFor ore vulnerable Review A2eutsch et al., 200CJOnly Huey et al., 2012). 19 20 21 65 Tropical species are generally regarded to have lo0 ther al tolerance due to the 22 66 lo0 seasonal te perature variability eEperienced, aking the potentially vulnerable to 23 24 67 eEtinction fro cli ate change AAddo-,ediako et al., 2000, 2eutsch et al., 200C, 25 26 68 ,onebrake K 2eutsch, 2012). The elevational ranges displayed by species ay, at least 27 69 partially, indicate their ther al tolerances AMcCain, 2004J Laurance et al., 2011J 28 29 70 Garcia-Robledo et al., 201D), and have been used to infer eEtinction risk fro cli ate 30 31 71 change across taEa and geographic locations ASekercioglu et al., 2007J Col0ell et al., 32 200CJ Feeley K Sil an, 2010J La Sorte K /etz, 2010J Mekasha et al., 2011J La Sorte et 33 72 34 73 al., 2015), but little is kno0n about ho0 elevational ranges vary in tropical insects. Here 35 36 74 0e assess the variation in elevational specialization across several insect taEa along an 37 elevational transect in ,razilian Atlantic Forest, and the likely i plications for 38 75 39 76 conservation under cli ate change. 40 41 42 77 One of the reasons for the eEpected high i pact of global 0ar ing on tropical 43 78 ontane organis s is their ther al specialization Ae.g. Garcia-Robledo et al., 201D). 44 45 79 /anzen A14D7) proposed that organis s on tropical ountains Aas opposed to te perate 46 47 80 ountains) eEperience lo0 seasonal variation in te perature but high variation along 48 81 elevational gradients. He suggested that this selected organis s for narro0 ther al 49 50 82 tolerance co pared to those on te perate ountains, because organis s 0ould not 51 52 83 need tolerance to a broad range of ther al regi es at any altitude, and could reduce the 53 84 cost of ther al tolerance by beco ing ore ther ally specialized. /anzenLs A14D7) 54 55 85 assu ptions and predictions have been tested by any authors and general support has 56 57 86 been found Ae.g.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Stress Test: Effects of Endosymbiotic Bacteria on Thermal Tolerance of a Montane Leaf
    Stress test: Effects of endosymbiotic bacteria on thermal tolerance of a montane leaf beetle By Bo Zhang A thesis submitted to Sonoma State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Science In Biology Dr. Nathan Rank, Chair Dr. Elizabeth Dahlhoff Dr. Sean Place June 29, 2018 i Copyright 2018 By Bo Zhang ii Authorization for Reproduction of Master’s Thesis/Project I grant permission for the print or digital reproduction of this thesis in its entirety, without further authorization from me, on the condition that the person or agency requesting reproduction absorb the cost and provide proper acknowledgement of authorship. Date: June 29, 2018 Bo Zhang iii Stress test: Effects of endosymbiotic bacteria on thermal tolerance of a montane leaf beetle Thesis by Bo Zhang Abstract Insects are a diverse group of organisms found in most terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Because insects are ectotherms, they are frequently exposed to variation in environmental temperature and thus variation in body temperature, the latter of which may cause physiological stress. Insects host a variety of microbes, including intracellular and extracellular bacteria, endosymbiotic or parasitic, which may alter how the host responds to environmental temperature variation. Physiological, biochemical and molecular responses to thermal variation have been well characterized for many species of insects, yet few studies have examined how microbes alter their response to environmental stress. In this thesis, I examined features of the microbiome of a montane insect, the leaf beetle Chrysomela aeneicollis. Prior studies of beetle populations living at high elevation in the Eastern Sierra Nevada mountains of California have shown that adult and larval beetles are exposed to both elevated and sub-zero temperatures during the summer growing season, and that exposure to these thermal extremes impacts survival, performance, and reproductive success.
    [Show full text]
  • Diptera: Syrphidae) and Their Impact on Populations of the Rose Aphid, Macrosípharn Rosoo
    cl o!- 7 The ecology of Mebngyna viridíceps and Símosyrphus grandícornis (Diptera: Syrphidae) and their impact on populations of the rose aphid, Macrosípharn rosoo By: Ebrahim Soleyman-Nezhadiyan M. Sc. The University of Shahid Chamran (Ahwaz) A thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resource Science at the University of Adelaide Departnrent of Crop Protection The University of Adelaide July 1996 Declaration This work cont¡ins no matcrial which has besn acccptcd for rhc awa¡d of any other degrec or diploma in any univcrsity or othcr tcrdary institution an4 to tl¡c bcst of my knowledgc and bclicf, conains no matcrial previously publistrcd o'r writæn by othcr pcrson, cxccpr wherc duc rcfercnce has bcen made in ttrc æxr This thesis Eay bc madc availablc for loan or photocopying providcd that an acknowlcdgcmcnt is mads in instancc of any tefc¡cncc to this work. Ebúahim Sole¡'man-Nedradiyan, JuIy 1996 I Acknowledgement The long and tedious task of preparing a thesis cannot see the light of the day without appreciable help from supenisors, colleagues, and friends, and to all of them I extend my sincerest gratitude. There are a few, however, who deserve special appreciation. It is due to Dr. Derek Maelzer that this project ever started. His experience in insect ecology and experimental designs was an invaluable source of knowledge before and after his retirement. Dr. Peær Bailey deserves a very special appreciation for sound supervision, patience and criticism. Special thanks to Dr. Roger Laughlin who spent a lot of time reading and criticising this thesis, even though he had retired.
    [Show full text]
  • Literature on the Chrysomelidae from CHRYSOMELA Newsletter, Numbers 1-41 October 1979 Through April 2001 May 18, 2001 (Rev
    Literature on the Chrysomelidae From CHRYSOMELA Newsletter, numbers 1-41 October 1979 through April 2001 May 18, 2001 (rev. 1)—(2,635 citations) Terry N. Seeno, Editor The following citations appeared in the CHRYSOMELA process and rechecked for accuracy, the list undoubtedly newsletter beginning with the first issue published in 1979. contains errors. Revisions and additions are planned and will be numbered sequentially. Because the literature on leaf beetles is so expansive, these citations focus mainly on biosystematic references. They Adobe Acrobat® 4.0 was used to distill the list into a PDF were taken directly from the publication, reprint, or file, which is searchable using standard search procedures. author’s notes and not copied from other bibliographies. If you want to add to the literature in this bibliography, Even though great care was taken during the data entering please contact me. All contributors will be acknowledged. Abdullah, M. and A. Abdullah. 1968. Phyllobrotica decorata de Gratiana spadicea (Klug, 1829) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, DuPortei, a new sub-species of the Galerucinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomel- Cassidinae) em condições de laboratório. Rev. Bras. Entomol. idae) with a review of the species of Phyllobrotica in the Lyman 30(1):105-113, 7 figs., 2 tabs. Museum Collection. Entomol. Mon. Mag. 104(1244-1246):4-9, 32 figs. Alegre, C. and E. Petitpierre. 1982. Chromosomal findings on eight Abdullah, M. and A. Abdullah. 1969. Abnormal elytra, wings and species of European Cryptocephalus. Experientia 38:774-775, 11 figs. other structures in a female Trirhabda virgata (Chrysomelidae) with a summary of similar teratological observations in the Coleoptera.
    [Show full text]
  • 7/Q / 13 Date Copyright 2013
    CYTONUCLEAR INTERACTIONS AMONG METABOLIC ENZYME LOCI MEDIATE REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS AND LARVAL PERFORMANCE ALONG ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF A MONTANE LEAF BEETLE by Sarah J. Heidi A thesis submitted to Sonoma State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Biology Dr. Nathan E. Rank, Chair Dr. Elizabeth P. Dahlhoff • C ~ ( • L -Or. Daniei E. Cro~cker 7/q / 13 Date Copyright 2013 by Sarah J. Heidi ii AUTHORIZATION FOR REPRODUCTION OF MASTER'S THESIS/PROJECT I grant permission for the print or digital reproduction of this thesis in its entirety, without further authorization from me, on the condition that the person or agency requesting reproduction absorb the cost and provide proper acknowledgment of authorship. DATE: J/9\\3 (5ature • y :::-r:: Street Address City, State, Zip iii CYTONUCLEAR INTERACTIONS AMONG METABOLIC ENZYME LOCI MEDIATE REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS AND LARVAL PERFORMANCE ALONG ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF A MONTANE LEAF BEETLE Thesis by Sarah J. Heidi ABSTRACT Organisms in natural populations are confronted with significant challenges posed by environmental change. In order for populations to persist, individuals must overcome these challenges; however, the physiological mechanisms that enable survival and reproduction are not well understood. Here, I report the results of a field study that contributes to our understanding of how organisms respond to changing environments. I examined how environmental conditions and an interaction between two metabolic genes influences individual survival and reproduction. I focused on a nuclear gene coding for the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase (PG!}, and a mitochondrial gene, cytochrome oxidase II {COIi}, important for energy production during aerobic metabolism.
    [Show full text]
  • Willow Hybridization Differentially Affects Preference and Performance Of
    Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 83: 285±294, 1997. 285 c 1997 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in Belgium. Willow hybridization differentially affects preference and performance of herbivorous beetles ; Colin M. Orians1; , Cynthia H. Huang1, Alexander Wild1, Katherine A. Dorfman1 , Pamela Zee2,MinhTamT.Dao2 & Robert S. Fritz2 1Department of Biology, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12603, USA; 2Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA; Present address: Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA; Mt Holyoke College, Department of Geology and Geography, South Hadley, MA 01075, USA Accepted: February 6, 1997 Key words: Salix, hybridization, phenolic glycosides, herbivore preference, herbivore performance Abstract We examined the preferences and performances of ®ve beetle species (four chrysomelids and one scarab) on two species of willows (Salix sericea and S. eriocephala) and their interspeci®c hybrids. Beetle species differed markedly in their responses. In preference assays, two chrysomelid beetle species (Calligrapha multipunctata bigsbyana and Plagiodera versicolora) preferred hybrids, two chrysomelids (Chrysomela scripta and Ch. Knabi) preferred hybrids and S. sericea, and the scarab beetle (Popillia japonica) preferred S. eriocephala. Experiments with puri®ed salicortin indicated that salicortin concentration may contribute to these preferences. The relative performance (growth rate, pupal/adult weight and survivorship) of these beetles on the three willow taxa did not correspond with their feeding preferences. Three species exhibited intermediate performance on hybrid willows (the two Chrysomela spp. and P.japonica); the Chrysomela spp. performed best on S. sericea, while P.japonica performed best on S. eriocephala. One species performed equally well on all three taxa (C. multipunctata bigsbyana). The performance of Pl.
    [Show full text]
  • Literature Cited in Chrysomela from 1979 to 2003 Newsletters 1 Through 42
    Literature on the Chrysomelidae From CHRYSOMELA Newsletter, numbers 1-42 October 1979 through June 2003 (2,852 citations) Terry N. Seeno, Past Editor The following citations appeared in the CHRYSOMELA process and rechecked for accuracy, the list undoubtedly newsletter beginning with the first issue published in 1979. contains errors. Revisions will be numbered sequentially. Because the literature on leaf beetles is so expansive, Adobe InDesign 2.0 was used to prepare and distill these citations focus mainly on biosystematic references. the list into a PDF file, which is searchable using standard They were taken directly from the publication, reprint, or search procedures. If you want to add to the literature in author’s notes and not copied from other bibliographies. this bibliography, please contact the newsletter editor. All Even though great care was taken during the data entering contributors will be acknowledged. Abdullah, M. and A. Abdullah. 1968. Phyllobrotica decorata DuPortei, Cassidinae) em condições de laboratório. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 30(1): a new sub-species of the Galerucinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) with 105-113, 7 figs., 2 tabs. a review of the species of Phyllobrotica in the Lyman Museum Collec- tion. Entomol. Mon. Mag. 104(1244-1246):4-9, 32 figs. Alegre, C. and E. Petitpierre. 1982. Chromosomal findings on eight species of European Cryptocephalus. Experientia 38:774-775, 11 figs. Abdullah, M. and A. Abdullah. 1969. Abnormal elytra, wings and other structures in a female Trirhabda virgata (Chrysomelidae) with a Alegre, C. and E. Petitpierre. 1984. Karyotypic Analyses in Four summary of similar teratological observations in the Coleoptera. Dtsch. Species of Hispinae (Col.: Chrysomelidae).
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter Dedicated to Information About the Chrysomelidae Report No
    CHRYSOMELA newsletter Dedicated to information about the Chrysomelidae Report No. 48 June 2007 49th Meeting of German Coleopterists Leaf beetle workers from seven European countries (six in this photo) met in Beutelsbach (from left): sitting Frank Fritzlar (Jena, Germany), Wolfgang Bäse (Reinsdorf, Germany), Ron Beenen (Nieuwegein, The Netherlands). (Standing, from left): Andrzej Warchalowski (Wroclaw, Poland), Michel and Barbara Bergéal (Versailles, France), Matthias Schöller (Berlin, Germany), Eva Sprecher-Uebersax (Basel, Switzerland), Thomas Wagner (Koblenz, Germany), Mauro Daccordi (Torino, Italy), Theo Michael Schmitt (Bonn, Germany), Horst Kippenberg (Herzogenaurach, Germany). (See Story page 3) Research Activities and Interests Robert Barney (Frankfort, KY) is currently working Clark and Ed Riley and 13 new state records are reported. on a series of publications on the leaf beetles of Kentucky. He would greatly appreciate hearing from anyone with All the major collections in Kentucky have been reviewed specimens from Kentucky or knowledge of people who may and re-identified and a major effort to collect in state have such specimens. He is also interested in borrowing/ nature preserves is under way. The first manuscript on the exchanging Pachybrachis spp., especially from the eastern Cassidinae has been completed with co-authors Shawn USA, and P. m-nigrum. Continued on page 2 Inside This Issue The Editor’s Page Caroline S. Chaboo (USA) 1- Research activities and interests Greetings Colleagues! 2- Contents, Editor’s page There is much interesting news in this volume. First, 3- 49th meeting of German Coleopterists please note updates on the ICE meetings. I encourage you 3- Entomological Society of America, annual meetings to attend our Olympics of Entomology! 4- Travel tips for ICE congress There are two major changes regarding CHRYSOMELA.
    [Show full text]
  • Graduate Program Review Sonoma State
    GRADUATE PROGRAM REVIEW SONOMA STATE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY FALL 2016 Dr. Derek Girman – Program Coordinator Dr. Dan Crocker – Prior Program Coordinator Dr. Murali Pillai - Chair CONTENTS A. Program Introduction and History 1 Basic Statistical Data 1 Structure of MS Program in Biology 1 B. Student Learning 2 Curricular Mission and Goals 2 Learning Objectives 2 Rationale fort Learning Objectives 3 Dissemination of Learning Objectives 3 Aligning Courses with Learning Objectives 4 Coursework Requirements 4 Sample Curricular Plan 5 Oral Qualifying Exam 6 Thesis Defense 6 Teaching Associate Class Evaluation 6 Progress Report 6 Completion of Requirements Evaluation 7 C. Diversity 7 Department Commitment to Diversity 7 Faculty and Student Conduct 7 D. Student Body 7 Acceptance into the Program 8 Student Mentoring 9 E. Faculty 9 Faculty Participation in Graduate Curriculum 11 Faculty Research Programs 11 F. Institutional Support and Resources 12 Physical Facilities 12 Financial Resources 12 Human resources 12 G. Assessment and Findings 13 Department Assessment Plan 13 Response to Prior Assessment 13 Educational Effectiveness 19 Student Preparation 19 Effective Use of Resources 20 Improvements Needed 21 H. Action Plan APPENDICES Appendix I Standard Response to Applicant Inquiry 22 Appendix II Graduate Research Faculty Criteria & Application 23 Appendix III Graduate Coordinator Duties 24 Appendix IV Graduate Student Orientation Outline 27 Appendix V MS Coursework and Timeline Form 31 Appendix VI Advancement to Cadidacy Form (GSO1) 32
    [Show full text]
  • Does Elevated Ozone Predispose Northern Deciduous Tree Species to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses?
    KUOPION YLIOPISTON JULKAISUJA C. LUONNONTIETEET JA YMPÄRISTÖTIETEET 227 KUOPIO UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS C. NATURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 227 VERA FREIWALD Does Elevated Ozone Predispose Northern Deciduous Tree Species to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses? Doctoral dissertation To be presented by permission of the Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences of the University of Kuopio for public examination in Auditorium MET, Mediteknia building, University of Kuopio, on Friday 15th February 2008, at 12 noon Department of Environmental Science University of Kuopio JOKA KUOPIO 2008 Distributor: Kuopio University Library P.O. Box 1627 FI•70211 KUOPIO FINLAND Tel. +358 17 163 430 Fax +358 17 163 410 http://www.uku.fi/kirjasto/julkaisutoiminta/julkmyyn.html Series Editors: Professor Pertti Pasanen, Ph.D. Department of Environmental Science Professor Jari Kaipio, Ph.D. Department of Physics Author’s address: Department of Environmental Science University of Kuopio P.O. Box 1627 FI•70211 KUOPIO FINLAND Supervisors: Professor Elina Oksanen, Ph.D. Faculty of Biosciences University of Joensuu Professor Jarmo Holopainen, Ph.D. Department of Environmental Science University of Kuopio Reviewers: Docent Seija Kaakinen, Ph.D. Finnish Forest Research Institute Suonenjoki Station Professor Seppo Neuvonen, Ph.D. Finnish Forest Research Institute Joensuu Station Opponent: Docent Sirkku Manninen, Ph.D. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki ISBN 978•951•27•0965•6 ISBN 978•951•27•1080•5 (PDF) ISSN 1235•0486 Kopijyvä Kuopio 2008 Finland Freiwald, Vera. Does elevated ozone predispose northern deciduous tree species to abiotic and biotic stresses? Kuopio University Publications C. Natural and Environmental Sciences 227. 2008. 109 p. ISBN 978-951-27-0965-6 ISBN 978-951-27-1080-5 (PDF) ISSN 1235-0486 ABSTRACT The background concentrations of tropospheric ozone (O3) have almost doubled since pre- industrial times and are predicted to rise even further, exposing large areas of forest ecosystems to critical ozone concentrations.
    [Show full text]
  • Relationship Between Poplar Leaf Chemicals and Cottonwood Leaf Beetle Adult Feeding Preferences Sisi Lin Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1997 Relationship between poplar leaf chemicals and cottonwood leaf beetle adult feeding preferences Sisi Lin Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Entomology Commons, and the Environmental Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Lin, Sisi, "Relationship between poplar leaf chemicals and cottonwood leaf beetle adult feeding preferences " (1997). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 11483. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/11483 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. TJMI films the text directly fi'om the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter &ce, while others may be fi'om any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing fi'om left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
    [Show full text]
  • Cottonwood Leaf Beetle Larval Performance and Effect on Leaf Surface Chemicals on Eight Populus Clones
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1-1-2000 Cottonwood leaf beetle larval performance and effect on leaf surface chemicals on eight Populus clones David Robert Coyle Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Recommended Citation Coyle, David Robert, "Cottonwood leaf beetle larval performance and effect on leaf surface chemicals on eight Populus clones" (2000). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 21148. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/21148 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cottonwood leaf beetle larval performance and effect on leaf surface chemicals on eight Popu/us clonef, by David Robert Coyle A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Co-majors: Entomology; Forestry (Forest Biology) Major Professors: Elwood R. Hart and Richard B. Hall Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2000 ii Graduate College Iowa State University This is to certify that the Master's thesis of David Robert Coyle has met the thesis requirements of Iowa State University Signatures have been redacted for privacy iii DEDICATION To my parents, Robert and Cindy. Their constant emotional {and financial) support was the backbone on which this thesis was completed. Little did they know the influence their help on my 4-H insect display at the Fillmore County Fair would have on their son.
    [Show full text]
  • The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System Project
    Final Technical Report Award: DE-FG02-06ER64232 Recipient: The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System Project title: Impact of elevated CO2 and O3 on insect-mediated ecosystem processes in a northern deciduous forest Project PI: Richard L. Lindroth Date: Nov. 20, 2011 Project dates: July 1, 2006 – June 30, 2009, with no-cost extension through December 2010 Distribution limitation notices None Executive summary Rising concentrations of atmospheric CO2 and O3 are altering the structure and function of forest ecosystems. Herbivorous insects are the major consumers in temperate deciduous forests, with the capacity to dramatically alter tree growth (via outbreaks), forest community composition and ecosystem dynamics (e.g., nutrient cycling). Until recently, however, experimental quantification of the impacts of CO2 and O3 on canopy herbivore communities and rates of defoliation and nutrient flux has not been addressed. This research, conducted at the Aspen FACE (Free Air CO2 Enrichment) facility in northern Wisconsin, U.S.A., evaluated the independent and interactive effects of CO2 and O3 on 1) the abundance and diversity of forest canopy insect communities, and 2) rates of insect herbivory and transfer of material (leaf greenfall and insect frass) from the canopy to the forest floor. Results of studies of individual insects revealed that elevated CO2 and O3 influence the performance of individual species of damaging insect pests, but the magnitude of impact is influenced by both insect species and their host tree species. Censuses of canopy insects showed that some species were positively affected, some negatively affected, and some not affected by elevated CO2 and O3.
    [Show full text]