Catholic SchoolhouseTM
Dialectic Level Tutor Guide
Year 2: Quarter 2
by Kathy Rabideau Quarter 2 Background Information Language Arts (Literature): Aesop’s Fables—
Setting: The fables attributed to Aesop were actually composed over the course of many centuries. Aesop is a semi legendary figure, about whom various stories have been told. All that can be known with any certainty about Aesop is that he was a Phrygian slave who was later freed by his Greek master because of the wit and charm of his stories. All other details about Aesop’s life appear to have been invented after his death.
Aesop’s Fables—Plot: As mentioned, Aesop was a slave in ancient Greece. He was a keen observer of both animals and people. Most of the characters in his stories are animals, some of which take on human characteristic and are personified in ways of speech and emotions. However, the majority of his character retain their animalistic qualities; tortoise are slow, hares are quick, tigers eat bird, etc. Aesop uses these qualities and natural tendencies of animals to focus on human traits and wisdom. Each fable has an accompanying moral to be learned from the tale. Religion: Aesop’s Fables—Summary: Each week, you will read and discuss multiple fables using Aesop’s Fables. (Use: https://books.google.com/ books?id=UO0pAQAAMAAJ ) 1. Read the fables one by one. (Do not read the moral listed in the fable until after they have thought of a moral in their own words.) 2. Have the students put the moral in their own words (no more than one sentence in length—see example ideas in parentheses in your weekly plans. Write the moral decided upon by the students on the board. (You will end up with a list of morals—one for each fable—at the end of the lesson.) Then ask for everyday examples of when this moral could be applied. 3. Read and discuss as many fables as allows in the time period (saving the last five minutes for step 4). 4. In the last 5 minutes of the book discussion, see if the scholars can deduce the overall theme/message of all of the fables discussed that day. (One idea for the overall message is listed as the heading for the week in the tutor guide. After deducing the overall message, the Scripture verse with the same message could be read.) Week 7 will be an easy overall message to deduce, and the message will get generally more difficult as time goes on each week. 5. If all fables and the overall message are covered before the time is complete, the students could use any extra time to come up with a new moral that would fit under the same theme and then collaboratively write an original fable which could teach that moral. Note: When the overall message is related to Scripture verses, be sure to discuss how fables are never on the same level as Scripture. Scripture is the Word of God. Fables can just help to remind us of God’s marvelous truths. Language Arts (Grammar) 4x4s of Effective Essays: While the First Quarter focused upon various styles of paragraphs to get the scholars writing in small doses, now the scholar will tackle an essay using the foundation of the 4x4s of Effective Essays to improve their writing skills. The handout provided will explain the overall structure. Religion: Senses of Scripture/Covenants Religion will continue to follow the timeline and mention the covenants as they fit accordingly. Meanwhile, the scholars will discuss the senses of Scripture (much like genres in Language Arts), particularly typology as it tells of what is to come. Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration This quarter the students will read the entirety of Pericles’ Funeral Oration; however, they will memorize only a section and give the speech in front of class. This speech comes from Thucydides in The History of the Peloponnesian War which is covered in Week 10. Mathematics: The history and explanation of circles and how they work in math and nature. In this quarter on mathematics Euclid will be referenced as well as Pythagoras.
Supplies for the Quarter:
History: Timeline Cards, Sample Visual Timeline (accordion fold to fit at back of binder) Literature: Aesop’s Fables Geography: Maps provided on Catholic School House website Language Arts: The 4x4s to Good Writing Handout Religion: Old Testament (Catholic edition), Catechism of the Catholic Church Mathematics: Mathematics Handout on Circles Latin: Vocabulary document Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration selections Socratic Seminar: Fishbowl handout Dialectic Level Week 7
Latin Chant: Attende Domine Literature Focus Book: Aesop’s Fables Mathematics: Circles Religion: Five Senses in Sacred Scripture Language Arts: 4x4s of Effective Essays: Style Catholic Scientist: Antoine Lavoisier Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Additional Literature Selections: Herodotus and the Road to History, The Children’s Homer by P. Colum, A Wonder-book for Girls and Boys by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Tanglewood Tales by Nathaniel Hawthorne
This week we will begin a new book, Aesop’s Fables, and start with fables that may Introduction be more familiar to the scholars so they can get used to the process. You will read the story to them and have discussion so minimal homework will be required for literature. With this knowledge, more attention at home can be spent on writing a complete essay based upon the 4 x 4s of Effective Essays as well as continuing to read the Old Testament. The scholars should recall the usage tips provided in the last quarter and continue to build on them as they learn about important stylistic, grammatical and technical skills.
The new speech, Pericles’ Funeral Oration, occurred during the Peloponnesian War (week 10) and was recorded by Thucydides. By the 5th or 6th century BC, the Athenians held a public funeral for those soldiers who died in war. This speech became not just for the soldiers but a cry for Athens and all that was great about the Greek City-State. Give the scholars this background to help them put in the emotion that would have been expressed during this time.
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Teacher should familiarize herself with the story of Elijah and Elisha. Teacher Prep Print maps for the scholars. Print timeline master sheets for the second quarter. Have 4x4’s of Effective Essays handout available. Have a list of essay topics you approve that the scholars can choose. Background Information
The Old Testament prophets were the authorized spokesman for God in representing the Covenants. Elijah was a prophet in the northern kingdom of Israel, a kingdom that wanted to develop its own government and separate itself from Jerusalem. That separation lead to the building of other temples and worshiping of gods such as the Canaanite god Baal. Elijah spoke against Ahab and Jezebel and their god Baal. Elijah prophesized a severe drought to the land. Elijah leaves to survive the drought and is fed by a widow and son, whose flour and oil never run out until rain comes again, because of her faith in God and Elijah’s promise that if she feeds him, she will never go hungry. Sadly, her son dies and Elijah is so moved by the woman’s confession he asks God to revive her son to show God’s trustworthiness and the 1 Kings 17:22 son was healed. The widow confessed to her failings whereas Israel did not. This instance is the first recording in Scripture of someone rising from the dead. Elisha is to be Elijah’s suc- cessor and is with him for the last years before his death. Elisha continues to spread God’s good name throughout northern Israel and purified the waters at Jericho so that it would be Note: You are drinkable again. He healed the Syrian military commander Naaman of leprosy. discussing these prophecies, as Isaiah spoke to both kingdoms; Israel did not listen and lost to the Assyrians while Judah well as the cov- listened and was spared from them. The Book of Isaiah then discusses that the Jews will re- enants (Quarter turn to Jerusalem (after the Babylonian Captivity) and they will receive a Messiah who will 1), the promises make Jerusalem the center of God’s rule. The main importance of the book is to that we are (like Gen 3:15) not to fear for the Messiah is coming. These three prophets as well as others often spoke in and the types, which is also parables, just as Jesus will, as a sort of test to see if the people are truly listening to what God discussed in the is asking of them. Rhetoric’s While all this conflict among the people was stirring, the Greeks were continuing to develop Quarter 2 reli- gion Dei Ver- their civilization into City-States, and learning to come together for things like the Olympics bum. Make the to show the strengths in each of those states against the other. They will also show great ad- connection to vancement in architecture, as studied in Art with the Parthenon. In both the Jews and the help promote Greeks, a culture is forming among the various groups of people which shows the im- family unity in portance of family. The bond of family unites the people, just as family unites your home. their studies. The Jews survived the Babylonian Exile because they remained untied and faithful to their customs. Likewise we Catholics should not lose our culture and identity to the ways of the world.
from Harry Wong...
The First Days of School: How to be an Effective Teacher Students get more done when they see where they are going and what they are doing.
sculptors of the human race. Week 7 Instruction Geography Pass out geography blackline masters for Greece and other historical maps for this time period. Map out the places where Elijah, Elisha and Isaiah would have been approximately. History
Briefly discuss the Timeline Cards for week 7. History Detective: Explain the 4 causes for the creation of The Olympics: Material: Weaponry perfected for the game which in turn helped in war, also improved all materials used in competition like man's muscles Formal: The actual competition itself Agent: The participants Final: When war wasn't occurring, the Olympics became a way to compete and acknowledge the strongest men as warriors which would help with war. Literature: Aesop’s Fables Explain Fables as a genre. Follow the explanation provided in Quarter 2 Background Information to teach the class.
Weekly Theme: Always Be Honest. (Proverbs 12:22, Colossians 3:9-10 and the 8th Commandment)
Fables: The Shepherd Boy and the W olf (If you get in the habit of lying, pretty soon no one will trust you.), Mercury and the Woodman (Honesty is rewarded while telling lies is not.), The Monkey and the Dolphin (Telling one lie often leads to telling another lie.), The Leap at Rhodes (Don’t exaggerate. It is what you do that counts, not what you say you can do.), The Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing (We are harmed by our own falsehoods.) Religion: Five Senses of Sacred Scripture Discuss Five Senses in Sacred Scripture: (Literal, spiritual, allegorical, moral, & anagogical) Allegorical uses Typology. Typology is the study of types. A type is something in the Old Testament that foreshadows something in the New Testament. An antitype is something in the New Testament that fulfills the Old Testament type. If we want to find the connection of Salvation History especially in connection with Jesus, then we must study the covenants, the promises (the first promise was Gen 3:15), the prophecies but most of all the types. Ex. Elijah is a Type for St. John the Baptist & Elisha type for Christ Recalling further back, The Queen Mother, Bathsheba (David’s Mother) is a type for Mary, the Queen Mother.
Discuss the Prophets Elijah and Elisha (from 1 Kings 16:29 through 2 Kings 13.) as well as Isaiah (Book of Isaiah) in the light of the historical time period. Use the maps you just made for discussion. Philosophy: Ruler vs. Tyrant Often we misunderstand the differences between concepts. Define the terms of ruler versus tyrant. Latin: See the vocabulary document for the Latin words of the week to discuss. These words go with the Latin Chant being sung.
Week 7 - In Class Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Students take turns reading orally from Pericles’ Funeral Oration . Focus on the skills of speaking clearly, loudly and enunciating words. Have students choose which selection they want to memorize. Composition: 4x4’s of Effective Essays: Style Explain to the scholars they will be writing an essay this quarter. When writing and editing your essay, include at least four elements of style which will enhance your words. 1. Use good verbs and verbals (avoid using linking verbs by themselves; use action verbs to “show” 2. Use good parallels (especially needed on both side of the conjunction; with two to three adjectives before a noun, and with the use of not only and but also. 3. Use effective sentence length variations. (Not all long or all short. Mix the length) 4. Use effective “sound” techniques (alliteration, assonance, and consonance and “figurative” language (simile, metaphor and personification, and analogy). Scholars will need to come up with a topic to write on and a few sentences explaining that topic and why they want it. (This information will help with their thesis statement to work on next week.) Usage Tip: There, They’re & Their: There usually refers to a place or is an introductory word. Their implies possession or ownership of something. They’re has only one meaning they are. Ex. Go over there and sit down. There is no good reason for your behavior. Their plane is late. They’re going to Niagara Falls today.
Mathematics: Circles A circle is a set of points in a plane that are all the same distance from the center. Euclid lived in Alexandria around 300 BCE. The main subjects of the work are geometry, proportion, and number theory.
Activity : practice using a compass. Examine the statement while creating different size circles. Have students cut out the circles and keep them in their notebook for the following weeks activities. Review Games Review games to motivate students to master any remaining memory work and family unity.
Homework:
Geography Mystery: Angel Aperio Asks: Where was the location of the Ishtar Gate built by King Nebuchadnezzar? What is the present country? What number Gate was it and what did it look like? Geography: Work on Mapping events of Weeks 7 and Week 8. History: Memorize weekly timeline. Latin: Memorize vocabulary. Memory Work: Review next week’s memory work for game/contest. Literature: Finish any fables not completed for this week’s lesson. Write morals for the stories. Religion: Read Book of Jeremiah and the Book of Daniel Chapters 1-5. Composition: Come up wit ha topic for your essay. Write a few sentences as to why you want this topic. Speech: Choose a speech from Pericles’ Funeral Oration.
- Week 7 Dialectic Level Week 8
Latin Chant: Attende Domine Literature Focus Book: Aesop’s Fables Mathematics: Circles Religion: Senses of Scripture: Typologies: Jeremiah Language Arts: 4x4s of Effective Essays: Thesis Catholic Scientist: Antoine Lavoisier Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Additional Literature Selections: The Mystery of the Periodic Table, additional Aesop’s Fables
This week the scholars have chosen a topic for their essay. Be sure to approve the Introduction topic before they go forward with their work on the thesis (or have them pick a topic from your approved list). The thesis statement will be a springboard for their essay.
In Mathematics, bring to the discussion the value of circles (their purpose), the philosophy (why circles are used? Is it only because of its purpose or are their other reasons for circles?) and its symbolic nature as used in literature (a circle has no end and is an infinite number of points therefore making it a great symbol of eternity. The infinity sign in math, ∞ , is a circle within a circle.)
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Teacher should familiarize herself with the story of Jeremiah from the Book of Jeremiah (Comparison of scripture verses to help start conversation Teacher Prep found at: http://www.summit1.org/gun08/gun04.htm )
Print maps for the scholars. Print timeline master sheets for the second quarter. Have 4x4’s of Effective Essays Handout Available Background Information
At last, the Babylonians did conquer the kingdom of Judah, lead by King Nebuchadnez- zar. While his main focus was upon building back the capital of Babylon, building the hanging gardens and walls around his great city so thick chariots could drive on top of them, he still destroyed Jerusalem and the temple, forcing the people into exile. This event, known as the Babylonian Exile took the kingdom of Judah and forced them to leave their home. Tragedy often brings family together. The Hebrews from this point for- ward will be known as the Jews. They lost their temple, their home, but they did not lose their heritage. Meanwhile Rome is founded, and the beginnings of Roman expansion will continue leading the way for a “bigger” world although Rome has a long ways to grow before it is the famous Roman Empire many envision during the time of Christ and after. The prophets Jeremiah and Daniel helped the Jews during this difficult time. Jeremiah asked the people to repent of their sinful ways. Daniel spoke with Nebuchadnezzar and eventually and showed the Jews that God had not abandoned them. During dark times, we may also feel personally exiled, especially at dialectic age. We somehow feel isolated but the important point to always recall that God throughout history has shown He is always with His people. “I will not leave you orphans. I will come to you.” John 14:18
This Week’s Dialectic Projects:
History Detective: Geography Mystery: Angel Aperio Asks: Socratic Seminar: Week 8 Instruction Geography Geography Mystery: Angel Aperio Asks: Discuss: Where was the location of the Ishtar Gate built by King Nebuchdnezzar? What is the present country? What number Gate was it and what did it look like? (An. Iraq; was for a time considered an Ancient Wonder of the World; the 8th gate: Blue tile with Gold) History Briefly discuss the Timeline Cards for Week 8.
History Detective: What are the 4 causes for the creation of Aesop's Fable: Material: The stories Formal: The genre, the fable Agent: Aesop Final: The instruct a moral lesson which is more easily discerned in little fables not only because they are shorter and descriptive imagery helps the hearer/reader to understand and appreciate the power of the moral.
Visual Timeline: Add weeks 7 and 8 to the visual timeline. Start by adding the history time cards first. Then remember to include extra people, events and quotes discussed in class. Literature: Aesop’s Fables Weekly Theme: Be Content (or detach yourself from the pleasures of this world) (Hebrews 13:5 and the 9th and 10th Commandments)
Fables: The Goose and the Golden Egg (If you are not content, you may lose even what you have.), The Peacock, (We can have more freedom when we are not attached to fancy things.) (Mk 10:17-27) (Ex. Teresa of Calcutta (Mother Teresa) and how her simple way of life lead her to God), The Dog and His Reflection (Don’t covet/want what others have OR Don’t be greedy.), The Fox and the Crab (Don’t think that other homes or things will make you happier.), The Oxen and the Wheels (Don’t complain/Those who complain are often those who are doing the least.) (Relate this to a child who complains about doing chores when the parents are doing so much more for the needs of the family without complaint.) Religion: Senses of Sacred Scripture: Typology Discuss Five Senses in Sacred Scripture: Typology. Types are the key to unlocking Catholic Scripture. Compare Jeremiah to Jesus, here Jeremiah is a prophet of the Messiah and shares the same lamentations as Jesus. Make sure they understand the definition of the Senses to help them with their homework. Philosophy: Impartiality vs. Indifference Often we misunderstand the differences between concepts. This week we will study Impartiality vs. Indifference. Latin: See the vocabulary document for the Latin words of the week to discuss.
Week 8 - In Class Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Students take turns reading orally from Pericles’ Funeral Oration. Memorize speech. Composition: 4x4’s of Effective Essays: Thesis Writing: The 4 X 4s of Effective Essays: Thesis: The Four elements to of an effective essay includes (1)structure, (2) style, (3) technical and (4) grammatical. 4x 4s of Structure: (NOTE: make sure to approve topic.)
Introduction: Using the topic you have in mind, create a thesis statement. This sentence is usually at the end of the introductory paragraph that you plan to defend in your essay or paper and write the opening paragraph.
Usage Tip: Farther & Further: Farther is used to indicated distance or something that is measureable. Further indicates something additional or means “to a greater degree.” Ex. Lisa ran farther than she had ever run before. We need to look into the arrest further. Mathematics: Circles Work on the diameter of the circle is a straight line passing through the center with end points on the circle. Euclid's Elements is by far the most famous mathematical work of classical antiquity, and also has the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously used mathematical textbook. The Elements consists of thirteen books.
Activity – using the circles you created with a compass last week, now use a ruler and draw the diameter of the circles. Review Games Review games to motivate students to master any remaining memory work.
Homework:
Geography: Finish Mapping events of Week 7 and Week 8. History: Memorize weekly timeline. Visual Timeline: Add any Week 7 and Week 8 people and events to visual timeline not completed. Latin: Memorize vocabulary. Memory Work: Review next week’s memory work for game/contest. Literature: Finish any fables not completed for this week’s lesson. Write morals for the stories. Religion: Find one example of each of the Senses of Scripture (Literal, spiritual, allegorical, moral, & anagogical) Read the rest of the Book of Daniel (Chapter 6 on) , the Book of Haggai, and the Book of Ester. Composition: Write you thesis statement for your approved topic. Speech: Practice memorized speech to prepare for presentation.
- Week 8 Dialectic Level Week 9
Latin Chant: Attende Domine Literature Focus Book: Aesop’s Fables Mathematics: Circles Religion: Senses of Scripture: Typology Examples Language Arts: 4x4s of Effective Essays: Introduction Catholic Scientist: Antoine Lavoisier Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Additional Literature Selections: The Arabian Nights Enter- tainment by Andrew Lang
Introduction We take for granted so many marvels we have today: post office, ordered government with states and governors, the American democracy, the road system, etc. These wonderful advancements that make our daily lives more efficient had their beginnings during this time period of history! Reminding the scholars that these “ancients” still play a role in our daily lives will help make the people they are learning about more relatable. The people of these ancient times had very little materials and no technology as scholars see the world today. Ask the scholars how has the age of technology influenced our way of thinking and seeing the world? How different is our age of technology compared to the age of the ancients where they built and developed all they had on their own without the use of technology and yet developed masterpieces and architecture that still stands today! Will our technology last? …………………………………………………………………………………………
Teacher should familiarize herself with the story of Teacher Prep Print maps for the scholars. Print timeline master sheets for the first quarter. Have 4x4x Effective Essays Handout available. Background Information The King of Persia, Cyrus, allowed for the Jews to return home. The Book of Haggai, a minor prophet, announces they can now rebuild their temple. Persia continued to grow its empire and developed the postal system and roadways so that travel between the districts was more manageable. Meanwhile the Athenians in Greece, (recall they were less military-oriented and more about culture) were facing the Persians when King Darius was leader. (Note, in the Book of Daniel, he talks about King Darius in chapter 6 as the one who through him into the lion’s den.) The Athenians did not have the support of the Spartans and felt they would be defeated. Thankfully, they were not, and the Battle of Marathon became a turning point for Greece and is often seen as a pivotal point in European History because for the next two hundred years after this battle (and the ultimate winning of the Greco-Persian war by the Athenians and eventually Spartans too!) the Golden Age (or the Classical Age) of Greece will truly transform Western Civilization. Had the Athenians lost the Battle of Marathon, the world would have been a very different place. Later, after King Darius came King Xerxes I (also known as King Ahasuerus in the Book of Esther). The Book of Esther discusses a Jew born in Persia who found favor with King Ahasuerus (Xerxes) and because of her was able to stop a whole genocide of the Jewish Taoism was people. started around the 4th century Taking our minds now to China, we should not fail to mention the great philosopher Con- BC was at- fucius who has had a profound affect on Chinese culture even to this day. Confucius tributed to brought a beauty to the Natural Law we discussed in Quarter 1. Confucius brought a focus Laozi. As time on family and respect for others to the Chinese while their religion, Taoism, believed in a passes, Con- harmony of life. For example, in Chinese art often a lot of space is left untouched. These fusianism will become com- space is not accidental, because the Chinese believed the space was as important as the bined with Tao- scene. Likewise, in pictures of nature, rarely was a person painted and if so, he was very ism in the 17th small while nature was vast. The Chinese felt their place in the great beauty of nature. century. This way of thought is important to recall as we see the difference between Eastern Thought and Western Thought throughout history. Both ways have positive and negative but of course the most important way is always the Truth of Jesus Christ.
This Week’s Dialectic Projects:
History Detective: Geography Mystery: Angel Aperio Asks: Socratic Seminar: Week 9 Instruc-
Geography Pass out geography blackline masters for the Persian Empire along with China and other historical maps for this time period. Map out the places where Elijah, Elisha and Isiah would have been approximately. History Briefly discuss the Timeline Cards for Week 9.
History Detective: What are the 4 causes for government: Material: Ruler and the ruled, Formal: the structure of the rule being used Agent: the electors (democracy) or the conquerors Final: The bring order. Aristotle would say to establish and maintain social virtue like justice and defense against foreign aggression
Literature: Aesop’s Fables Follow the explanation found in Quarter 2 Background Information to teach the class. Weekly Theme: Be Peaceful/Gentle with Others (Romans 12:18 or 2 Timothy 2:24-25a)
Fables: The Two Goats (Don’t be stubborn. Being stubborn can lead to your own ruin.), The Bundle of Sticks (You will be stronger for the unity of all of His followers (John 17:20-23) and how we can do more good for His kingdom together as one Body showing forth His love (John 13:35), The North Wind and the Sun (Often it is best to persuade other gently rather than with force.)
Religion: Senses in Scripture: Typology Discuss Five Senses in Sacred Scripture: (Literal, spiritual, allegorical, moral, & anagogical) Allegorical uses Typology. Typology is the study of types. A type is something in the Old Testament that foreshadows something in the New Testament. An antitype is something in the New Testament that fulfills the Old Testament type. Elijah is a Type for St. John the Baptist & Elisha type for Christ
The Tree of Knowledge as a Type for what? The Tree of Knowledge of Good and evil is a Type for the Cross (also of wood) Specific Types found in the Old Testament that foreshadows the New Testament: Read Adam as a Type for Jesus, Eve as a Type for Mary
Philosophy: ?????? Often we misunderstand the differences between concepts. This week we will study Latin: See the vocabulary document for the Latin words of the week to discuss. These words will go along with the Latin Chant being sung.
Week 9 - In Class Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Students take turns reading orally from Pericles’ Funeral Oration . Focus on the skills of speaking clearly, loudly and enunciating words. Have students choose which selection they want to memorize. Composition: 4x4’s of Effective Essays: Introduction Have scholars complete their introductory paragraph. Based upon the 4x4s of Effective Essays they need: 1. Good Opening Statement 2. A “picture expansion (no body points in an intro, as they go in the body section of your essay) of this opening 3. A tie-in sentence between this “opening” and the thesis 4. An effective thesis Usage Tip: Past & Passed: Passed is only a verb, meaning that something has happened, occurred, or went by. Past is a noun and only refers to a time before the present. Ex. Only one car passed us on the road. In the past, it didn’t matter if you went to college.
Mathematics: Circles The radius of the circle is a straight line from the center to any point on the circle.
Most of the theorems appearing in the Elements were not discovered by Euclid himself, but were the work of earlier Greek mathematicians such as Pythagoras. Book 3 of Euclid's Elements deals with the properties of circles.
Activity—Have scholars measure your diameters from last week and determine the radius. Further activity—When you know the radius of a circle, you can find the diameter of that circle with a simple multiplication problem! Practice mathematic computations of the diameter. Review Games Review games to motivate students to master any remaining memory work and fosters family unity.
Homework:
Geography Mystery: Angel Aperio Asks: Where is the famous Acropolis? Who coordinated the construction? What famous structures were there? Geography: Work on Mapping events of Weeks 9 and Week 10. History: Memorize weekly timeline. Latin: Memorize vocabulary. Memory Work: Review next week’s memory work for game/contest. Literature: Finish any fables not completed for this week’s lesson. Write morals for the stories. Religion: Write a paragraph using the techniques you learned last quarter about the effectiveness of typologies in Sacred Scripture. Read the Book of Ezra and the Book of Nehemiah. Composition: Write your introductory paragraph and have research ready for the body of your paper. Speech: Speech: Practice memorized speech to prepare for presentation. Socratic Seminar: Prepare to discuss the following: The Hippocratic Oath says to preserve life. Are there certain instances where life can be taken morally? Why or why not?
- Week 9 Dialectic Level Week 10
Latin Chant: Pange Lingua Gloriosi Literature Focus Book: Aesop’s Fables Mathematics: Circles Religion: Senses of Scripture: Typology Examples Language Arts: 4x4s of Effective Essays: Body of the Essay Catholic Scientist: Jean-Baptiste Dumas Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Additional Literature Selections: Plato's Republic & Apology
Introduction During this week the scholars can be reminded that today we still follow the great thinkers of this time. They also may want to discuss the Hippocratic Oath created during this time and yet has been upheld to modern times. Be prepared for a possible discussion about the dignity of life and how that has been threatened by euthanasia and abortion. Doctors are meant to heal, not kill. Remind them that history has shown the evil it is capable of (just look at the 20th century where no other century has had so many Catholic martyrs!) and such disregard for human life!
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Teacher should familiarize herself with the story of Print maps for the scholars. Teacher Prep Print timeline master sheets for the first quarter. Have 4x4x Effective Essays Handout available. Background Information Week 10 sees the beginning and end of the Golden Age (Classical Age) of Greece. Peri- cles, for whom the scholars are memorizing in their speech, brought great unity through his wisdom. The Great thinkers like Socrates brought critical thinking through the art of questions while great construction, like that of the Parthenon was built. Greece was build- ing civilization to new heights during this time period. Meanwhile the Jews were rebuild- “They said to me, ing their temple with the leader Nehemiah. Reading the Book of Nehemiah is an aware- ‘Those who sur- vived the exile ness of the importance of one’s particular vocation and mission in the Church. Nehemiah and are back in the stayed on the walls of Jerusalem as it was being rebuilt to watch over the battered city. If province are in he had decided his job was unimportant, the kingdom would have fallen again. Each per- great trouble and son not only has a vocation, like religious life or marriage but they also have a mission disgrace. The wall that only they can complete for the Church. No job is just “watching walls” like Nehemi- of Jerusalem is broken down, and ah. That wall watcher saved the Jewish people. Therefore, no task should be considered its gates have been “beneath them” to complete. Only God can know why something is being asked of us. burned with fire.” (Nehemiah 1:3) As we end the timeline for this week we see the closing on the Golden Age to that of war again. Here we see Athens, a Democratic State, facing Sparta an oligarchy state (only a few had power over the whole state), not to mention the other Greek City-States. Togeth- er, these groups of people clashed in the Peloponnesian War, a War that devastated Ath- Note: The Book of ens and brought the military-state Sparta in more power. These civils wars, described in Nehemiah and the History of the Peloponnesian War by the Athenian general and historian Thucydides, Ezra were united ended the Golden Age of Greece. for the first centu- ries until separated by Origen and then Jerome kept them separated. Ezra comes before Nehemiah in the historical timeline during King Dari- us’ reign.
This Week’s Dialectic Projects:
History Detective: Geography Mystery: Angel Aperio Asks: Socratic Seminar: Week 10 Instruction Geography Geography Mystery: Angel Aperio Asks: Discuss: Angel Aperio Asks: Where is the famous Acropolis? Who coordinated the construction? What famous structures were there? History Briefly discuss the Timeline Cards for Week 10.
History Detective: The Four Causes for the Parthenon: Material: Limestone and marble; Formal: peripteral, meaning it takes the form of a rectangle with a single row of columns on all sides. The columns are Doric, the simplest form of ancient Greek column; ; Efficient (Agent): Greeks; Final: a temple for Athena Visual Timeline: Add weeks 9 and 10 to the visual timeline. Start by adding the history time cards first. Then remember to include extra people, events and quotes discussed in class. Literature: Aesop’s Fables Weekly Theme: Be Humble (Proverbs 11:2)
Fables: The Milkmaid and Her Pail (Don’t make plans that assume things will happen in a certain way.) (May relate it to Proverbs 16:9, which will help to reveal the theme of humility.), The Fighting Cocks and the Eagle (Boasting words will get you into trouble.), The Quack Toad (Don’t give advice to someone unless you are doing well in that area of your own life.) (Mt 7:3-5), The Lion and the Gnat (Pride often makes us blind to what will harm us.), The Mole and His Mother (When you have sinful pride about one area of your life, you probably need to improve in that area and other areas as well.) Religion: Senses in Scripture: Typology Discuss Five Senses in Sacred Scripture: (Literal, spiritual, allegorical, moral, & anagogical)
Typology Examples: Isaac for Jesus, Jacob’s Ladder (connected Heaven & Earth) for the Incarnation, (God taking on human nature connects God and man) The Red Sea is a Type for Baptism. Socratic Seminar: (Fishbowl) The Hippocratic Oath says to preserve life. Are there certain instances where life can be taken morally? Why or why not? Latin: See the vocabulary document for the Latin words of the week to discuss. These words will go along with the Latin Chant being sung.
Week 10 - In Class Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Scholars present memorized portion according to school-wide presentation schedule. Composition: 4x4’s of Effective Essays: Body of the Essay Each sentence needs to include a good tie-in from one sentence to the next. Begin with a good topic sentence. Afterwards, include some clear primary support/subtopics. Each primary support needs specific support to help show support what you are discussing. (Note) You don’t need to add concluding comments for body paragraphs in an essay; add conclusion sentences only for self-contained, individual paragraphs
Usage Tip: Your & You’re: You’re: is a contraction and has only one meaning: “You are.” Your is possessive and means “belonging to you.” Ex. You’re waiting for the bus, aren’t you? I’ll help you find your wallet. Mathematics: Circles Circumference equals diameter times pi. C=(pi)(d)
History – in the reek alphabet pi-(piwas) is the 16th letter. In the English alphabet p is also the 16th letter.
Activity – This week determine the circumference of your circles.
Further activities -Trying to find the circumference of a circle? Know the diameter? Then you can use the formula for the circumference of a circle to get the answer! Just plug the value for the diameter into the formula and solve. Review Games Review games to motivate students to master any remaining memory work and foster family unity.
Homework:
Geography: Finish Mapping events of Week 9 and Week 10. History: Memorize weekly timeline. Visual Timeline: Add any Week 9 and Week 10 people and events to visual timeline not finished during the first week of class (to prepare for next week’s timeline). Latin: Memorize vocabulary. Memory Work: Review next week’s memory work for game/contest. Literature: Finish any fables not completed for this week’s lesson. Write morals for the stories. Religion: Read 1 and 2 Maccabees Composition: Write the body of your essay. Speech: Speech: Practice memorized speech to prepare for presentation.
- Week 10 Dialectic Level Week 11
Latin Chant: Pange Lingua Gloriosi Literature Focus Book: Aesop’s Fables Mathematics: Circles Religion: Senses of Scripture: Typology Examples Language Arts: 4x4s of Effective Essays: Body of the Essay Catholic Scientist: Jean-Baptiste Dumas Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Additional Literature Selections: Plato's Republic & Apology
As we head towards the Sixth and Seventh Covenants in Salvation History, have the scholars look back over these weeks and see if they can share with you the full Introduction picture of Jesus’ family and His story. Ask them what their favorite stories have been, or perhaps a story from the Old Testament that surprised them, because they had not heard that before or perhaps remembered it before this year. Ask them if they can see the world changing from when it was created and what has been the best advancement so far in all the weeks up to this point.
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Teacher should familiarize herself with the story of Print maps for the scholars. Print timeline master sheets for the first quarter. Teacher Prep Have 4x4x Effective Essays Handout available. Background Information
This week the world will change quite drastically with Alexander the Great. He is able to bring all the people together across many countries under his leadership. His military strat- egies led him to win every single battle he ever fought over his fifteen year period of lead- ership. His military strategies are still researched today. With the end of Alexander the Great came the Hellenistic Age where culture reached its height. Literature and art contin- ued to develop but this period was particularly noted for its contributions in the fields of science and mathematics. Education became more widespread. In the development of most branches of knowledge and in the perfection of all the arts no other nation has ever played so great a part. The Greeks were the teachers of Rome, but the Greek civilization was first modified by the practical genius of the conquering Romans before being passed to the rest of the world. The Sadducees were “sad, you see” because they did not believe in an afterlife whereas the Pharisees did. These differences among the Jewish people will set the stage for what the Messiah, Jesus Christ, will bring. The typologies the scholars have been studying along with the historical journey through the Old Testament will hopefully show them how God has been preparing the world for the Savior to come. The students will read Isaiah for homework even though Isaiah was during 8th century BC because Isaiah predicts the Savior will come, and His name will be Emmanuel. Isaiah 9:6
This Week’s Dialectic Projects:
History Detective: Geography Mystery: Angel Aperio Asks: Socratic Seminar: Week 11 Instruc-
Geography Pass out geography blackline masters for Alexander the Great’s Empire along with the Roman Republic and other historical maps for this time period. Map out the places where Elijah, Elisha and Isiah would have been approximately. History Briefly discuss the Timeline Cards for Week 11.
History Detective: What are the four causes of Alexander the Great conquering the world as the people knew it? Formal: Alexander the Great and his principles of war (achieve immediate unification) and governance (preserve unification) Material: Elephants, weapons, spears Agent: Alexander & his army Final: Intention to conquer the whole world and unify under his rule. the empire and established principles of Greek Government.
Literature: Aesop’s Fables Weekly Theme: How to be a Good Friend (Sirache 6:14-17, our reading from last quarter)
Fables: The Cat, the Cock, and the Y oung Mouse (Don’t judge by appearances.) (Mention we are all God’s children, and that we need to be willing to get to know others and appreciate them for who they are without being quick to judge. Recall God’s choices, such as Moses who had a stutter and small David as King: 1 Samuel 16:7), The Goatherd and the Wild Goats (Don’t forget about your old friends when you make new ones.), The Fox and the Stork, (Be willing to take teasing (or a trick) if you give it out.), The Ass and the Lap Dog (Don’t try to act like someone you aren’t.) Religion: Senses in Scripture: Typology Discuss Five Senses in Sacred Scripture: (Literal, spiritual, allegorical, moral, & anagogical) Allegorical uses Typology. Typology is the study of types. A type is something in the Old Testament that foreshadows something in the New Testament. An antitype is something in the New Testament that fulfills the Old Testament type.
Typology helps us understand Salvation History. Melchizedek for Christ, his offering a type for the Mass, Manna in the desert as the Eucharist, Moses as a Type for Christ; Also can discuss Maccabean Revolt. (It connects with Hanukah and the Menorah (Jewish candle) done while Christians celebrate Advent.) Philosophy: ????? Often we misunderstand the differences between concepts. This week we will study Latin: See the vocabulary document for the Latin words of the week to discuss. These words will go along with the Latin Chant being sung.
Week 11 - In Class Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Scholars present memorized portion according to school-wide presentation schedule. Composition: 4x4’s of Effective Essays: Technical 4 x 4s of the Technical when editing your essay: (1) punctuation errors, (2) spelling errors, (3) grammar errors, (4) or sentence fragments. Read through your essay and make sure the flow has a rhythm to it, reading well. Pick a title that includes at least four of the following seven elements: conciseness, relevancy, alliteration, rhythm, parallelism, symbolism and play on words. Usage Tip: All Right & Alright: Alright is simply incorrect. Use All right in all cases. Ex. Everything turned out all right.
Mathematics: Circles The area of a circle equals ‘pi’ r squared. A= (pi) r2
History: In 1700 BC The rind papyrus gives us a method to find the area of a circular field. The result corresponds to256/81 as an approximate value of pi.
Activity - measuring the radius or diameter of cut out circles in either centimeters or inches. Then students need to calculate the area and circumference of the circle. Review Games Review games to motivate students to master any remaining memory work and provide motivation for family unity.
Homework:
Geography Mystery: Angel Aperio Asks: Julius Caesar was the first Roman General to cross these two rivers by building bridges. What were the rivers? Where did Caesar build these bridges? Do they exist today? What does this say about Caesar and his power? Geography: Work on Mapping events of Weeks 11 and Week 12. History: Memorize weekly timeline. Latin: Memorize vocabulary. Memory Work: Review next week’s memory work for game/contest. Literature: Finish any fables not completed for this week’s lesson. Write morals for the stories. Religion: Read Book of Isaiah chapter 6-12 (to prepare for the Messiah Week 12), Look for the typology here Composition: Continue writing and editing the body of your essay. Speech: Speech: Practice memorized speech to prepare for presentation.
- Week 1 Dialectic Level Week 12
Latin Chant: Pange Lingua Gloriosi Literature Focus Book: Aesop’s Fables Mathematics: Circles Religion: Sixth and Seventh Covenants of Salvation History Language Arts: 4x4s of Effective Essays: Body of the Essay Catholic Scientist: Jean-Baptiste Dumas Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Additional Literature Selections: Julius Caesar by Shake- speare, Famous Men of Rome (Greenleaf Press), Caesar's Gal- lic Wars by O Coolidge, City by D. Macaulay
Salvation has arrived! As will be discussed in the Socratic Seminar, with the invention and engineering of concrete for roads, the world is getting “smaller” as Introduction they say and now Christianity will be able to spread quickly. Prior to this time, communication and transportation was much more difficult. Even still, it will take 1500 years more for someone to reach America. This perspective should really help the scholars to understand in the grand scheme of creation just how young America is, and yet its principles are based upon democracy as the Greeks and Romans attempted (though much different). Julius Cesar will bring the end of the constitutional Roman Republic and with the birth of a little boy in Nazareth, the whole world will finally know its true King!
Teacher Prep ………………………………………………………………………………………… Teacher should familiarize herself with the story of Print maps for the scholars. Print timeline master sheets for the first quarter. Have 4x4x Effective Essays Handout available. Be prepared for the Socratic Seminar (Fishbowl) discussion. Background Information
And the Christ child, so vulnerable, has been born. The world will never be the same. Cre- ation will never be the same because now creation has been made new. “And he that sat on the throne, said: Behold, I make all things new. And he said to me: Write, for these Revelation 21:5 words are most faithful and true.” The Sixth Covenant is Jesus Christ, who fulfills all promises, prophecies, covenants and types that we have searched for in the Old Testament and learned through Salvation History as recommended by Dei Verbum. These events we have studied now for twelve weeks have all lead to this moment. And with the Messiah all moments forward are now in a new light, a bright light, the light of Truth.
In the Divine Office or Liturgy of the Hours three Canticles (which means song) are pro- claimed every day around the world when saying The Office. All three of those Canticles reference the Incarnation. The first, is the Canticle of Zachariah, said during Lauds (morning prayer) proclaiming salvation has come and that his son will prepare the way of the Lord! This prayer is said daily, because it reminds us of the Incarnation, of St. John the Baptist, of the whole story of Creation made new but it also reminds us that we are to pre- pare the way of the Lord now. In the evening, those who pray the Divine Office say the Magnificat, Mary’s canticle that shows humility, wisdom, strength and grace “my soul magnifies the Lord” and it becomes a reflection of her yes, and if we ourselves said yes to God today. Finally, as the day draws its close, the Canticle of Simeon comes to us as the final Canticle of the day to once again remind us of this moment in time that transformed the world. Here we end our day thanking God for His promise of salvation and that we would see Him in His work and we try to immolate Him in all we do. Now, Master, you may let your servant go in peace, according to your word, for my eyes have seen your sal- vation, which you prepared in sight of all the peoples, a light for revelation to the Gentiles, Luke 2:29-32 and glory for your people Israel.”
This Week’s Dialectic Projects:
History Detective: Geography Mystery: Angel Aperio Asks: Socratic Seminar: Week 12 Instruction Geography Geography Mystery: Angel Aperio Asks: Discuss: Julius Caesar was the first Roman General to cross these two rivers by building bridges. What were the rivers? (Answer: The English Channel and the Rhine River) Where did Caesar build these bridges? Do they exist today? (Answer: No) What does this say about Caesar and his power? History Briefly discuss the Timeline Cards for Week 12. History Detective: Four Causes of Concrete: Formal: The roadness of the road The shape of the roads/ bridges Material: Lime & volcanic rock to make mortar Agent: Romans Final: To build a unified system of travel throughout the empire. Visual Timeline: Add weeks 11 and 12 to the visual timeline. Start by adding the history time cards first. Then remember to include extra people, events and quotes discussed in class. Literature: Weekly Theme: How to Avoid Temptation (Mt 26:41) Fables: The Fox and the Lion (If we get used to evil, we don’t think it is bad anymore.) (Note: You may discuss how ignored venial sins will often lead to mortal sins and the importance of frequent Confession), The Dog and His Master’s Dinner (Don’t stop to consider a tempting thought. If you already know something is wrong, don’t even stop to consider reasons (excuses) for doing it.), The Wolves and the Sheep (Listen to those who love you and are wise.) (Note: You may choose to discuss the role of parents and priests as well as the importance of not listening to those who don’t love you or who don’t see wisdom from God.), The Farmer and the Stork (Keep the company of good and holy friends.) (Proverbs 13:20), The Fox and the Pheasants (Don’t give sin your attention.), The Cat and the Old Rat (Don’t let yourself be tricked a second time.) (Note: You may discuss how we should remember the ways in which Satan has tempted us in the past and not let him do it again by, among other things, avoiding the near occasions of sin.), The Old Lion and the Fox (Learn from others’ mistakes.) (Note: You might relate this to learning from the mistakes of history. For example, the Romans during the time of the Roman Empire in many ways were not respecting life or God’s laws, and the Roman Empire fell.) Religion: Sixth & Seventh Covenants in Salvation History Explain the Sixth Covenant: Covenant Mediator: Jesus, Covenant Role: Royal High Priest, Covenant Form: Catholic Church, Covenant Sign: Eucharist. The Seventh Covenant will happen with the end of the world where we will have eternity! Philosophy: ???? Often we misunderstand the differences between concepts. This week we will study Socratic Seminar: (Fishbowl) Why did God enter history (Incarnation) at this particular time? Was it the best?
Week 12 - In Class Latin: See the vocabulary document for the Latin words of the week to discuss. Speech: Pericles’ Funeral Oration Students take turns reading orally from Pericles’ Funeral Oration. Continue to memorize chosen speech. Composition: 4x4’s of Effective Essays: Conclusion Begin with a concluding transition (Example “In conclusion,”) Follow the concluding transition with a restatement of your thesis. Summarize or list each topic sentence area covered in your essay. You need an effective ending comment (Note: tie ending into the title/intro paragraph and included overall results)
Usage Tip: All ready & Already: All ready means “completely ready” or “prepared.” Already means “before” or “by this time.” Ex. Are you finally all ready to go to the dance? We have already collect our equipment. further. Mathematics: Circles Volume of a sphere equals 4/3 pi times the radius cubed (V=4/3(pi)r3 Volume is the amount of space occupied by 3-dimensional objects. A sphere is a round solid figure, or its surface, with every point on its surface equidistant from its center.
History -Archimedes anticipated modern calculus and analysis by applying concepts of infinitesimals and the method of exhaustion to derive and rigorously prove a range of geometrical theorems, including the area of a circle, the surface area and volume of a sphere, and the area under a parabola.
Activity—Bring into class various sizes of balls and a tape measure. Measure the circumference. Use the Circumference to determine the diameter and radius. Now determine the volume of the ball. Review Games Review games to motivate students to master any remaining memory work and fosters family unity.
Homework:
Geography: Finish Mapping events of Week 11 and Week 12. History: Memorize weekly timeline. Visual Timeline: Add any Week 11 and Week 12 people and events to visual timeline not finished during the first week of class (to prepare for next week’s timeline). Memory Work: Review next week’s memory work for game/contest. Literature: Beginning reading the Bronze Bow. Religion: Read Composition: What Speech: Read
- Week 12