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Congressional Record—House H7020 H7020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE November 30, 2016 and contributions of this brave group. I signed the National Defense Act, passed by Japanese invaders. Guerrilla armies, from urge passage of the bill. the Philippine Assembly. General Douglas Northern Luzon to Mindanao— Mr. FOSTER. Mr. Speaker, I have no MacArthur set upon the task of creating an (A) raided Japanese camps, stealing weap- further requests for time, and I urge independent army in the Philippines, con- ons and supplies; sisting of a small regular force, the Phil- (B) sabotaged and ambushed Japanese my colleagues to support this bill. ippine Constabulary, a police force created troops on the move; and I yield back the balance of my time. during the colonial period of the United (C) with little weaponry, and severely out- Mr. HUIZENGA of Michigan. Mr. States, and reservists. By July 1941, the Phil- matched in numbers, began to extract vic- Speaker, I, too, have no further speak- ippine army had 130,000 reservists and 6,000 tories. ers. officers. (12) Japanese intelligence reports reveal I yield back the balance of my time. (5) On July 26, 1941, as tensions with Japan that from the time the Japanese invaded The SPEAKER pro tempore. The rose in the Pacific, President Franklin D. until the return of the United States Armed Roosevelt used his authority vested in the Forces in the summer of 1944, an estimated question is on the motion offered by 300,000 Filipinos continued to fight against the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Constitution of the United States and the Philippine Independence Act to ‘‘call into Japanese forces. Filipino resistance against HUIZENGA) that the House suspend the service of the United States . all of the the Japanese was so strong that, in 1942, the rules and pass the bill, H.R. 2992. organized military forces of the Government Imperial Army formed the Morista Butai, a The question was taken; and (two- of the Philippines.’’ On July 27th, 1941, in ac- unit designated to suppress guerrillas. (13) Because Philippine guerrillas worked thirds being in the affirmative) the cordance with a War Department directive to restore communication with United rules were suspended and the bill was received a day earlier, the United States States forces in the Pacific, General Mac- Forces in the Far East (USAFFE) was estab- passed. Arthur was able to use the guerrillas in ad- lished, and Manila was designated as the A motion to reconsider was laid on vance of a conventional operation and pro- command headquarters. Commander of the the table. vided the headquarters of General Mac- USAFFE, General Douglas MacArthur, Arthur with valuable information. Guerrillas f planned to absorb the entire Philippine army captured and transmitted to the head- FILIPINO VETERANS OF WORLD into the USAFFE in phases. The first phase, quarters of General MacArthur Japanese WAR II CONGRESSIONAL GOLD which began on September 1, 1941, included naval plans for the Central Pacific, including MEDAL ACT OF 2015 25,000 men and 4,000 officers. defense plans for the Mariana Islands. Intel- (6) Filipinos who served in the USAFFE in- Mr. HUIZENGA of Michigan. Mr. ligence derived from guerrillas relating to cluded— aircraft, ship, and troop movements allowed Speaker, I move to suspend the rules (A) the Philippine Scouts, who comprised for Allied forces to attack Japanese supply and pass the bill (S. 1555) to award a half of the 22,532 soldiers in the Philippine lines and guerrillas and even directed United Congressional Gold Medal, collectively, Department, or United States Army garrison States submarines where to land agents and to the Filipino veterans of World War stationed in the Islands at the start of the cargo on the Philippine coast. II, in recognition of the dedicated serv- war; (14) On December 20, 1941, President Roo- (B) the Philippine Commonwealth Army; sevelt signed the Selective Training and ice of the veterans during World War (C) the new Philippine Scouts, or Filipinos II. Service Amendments Act (Public Law 77–360; who volunteered to serve with the United 55 Stat. 844) which, among other things, al- The Clerk read the title of the bill. States Army when the United States Armed lowed Filipinos in the United States to enlist The text of the bill is as follows: Forces returned to the island; in the United States Armed Forces. In Feb- S. 1555 (D) Filipino civilians who volunteered to ruary 1942, President Roosevelt issued the serve in the United States Armed Forces in Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- Second War Powers Act (Public Law 77–507; 1945 and 1946, and who became ‘‘attached’’ to resentatives of the United States of America in 56 Stat. 176), promising a simplified natu- various units of the United States Army; and Congress assembled, ralization process for Filipinos who served in (E) the ‘‘Guerrilla Services’’ who had the United States Armed Forces. Subse- SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. fought behind enemy lines throughout the quently, 16,000 Filipinos in California alone This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Filipino war. decided to enlist. Veterans of World War II Congressional Gold (7) Even after hostilities ceased, wartime (15) The mobilization of forces included the Medal Act of 2015’’. service of the new Philippine Scouts contin- activation and assumption of command of SEC. 2. FINDINGS. ued as a matter of law until the end of 1946, the First Filipino Infantry Battalion on Congress finds the following: and the force gradually disbanded until it April 1, 1942, at Camp San Luis Obispo, Cali- (1) The First Philippine Republic was was disestablished in 1950. fornia. Orders were issued to activate the founded as a result of the Spanish-American (8) On December 8th, 1941, not even 24 First Filipino Infantry Regiment and Band War in which Filipino revolutionaries and hours after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, at Salinas, California, effective July 13, 1942. the United States Armed Forces fought to Japanese Imperial forces attacked bases of The activation of the Second Filipino Infan- overthrow Spanish colonial rule. On June 12, the United States Army in the Philippines. try Regiment occurred at Fort Ord, Cali- 1898, Filipinos declared the Philippines to be (9) In the spring of 1942, the Japanese 14th fornia, on November 21, 1942. Nearly 9,000 an independent and sovereign nation. The Army overran the Bataan Peninsula, and, Filipinos and Filipino Americans fought in Treaty of Paris negotiated between the after a heroic but futile defense, more than the United States Army 1st and 2nd Filipino United States and Spain ignored this dec- 78,000 members of the United States Armed Infantry Regiments. laration of independence, and the United Forces were captured, specifically 66,000 Fili- (16) Soldiers of the 1st and 2nd Infantry States paid Spain $20,000,000 to cede control pinos and 12,000 service members from the Regiments participated in the bloody com- of the Philippines to the United States. Fili- United States. The Japanese transferred the bat and mop-up operations at New Guinea, pino nationalists who sought independence captured soldiers from Bataan to Camp Leyte, Samar, Luzon, and the Southern Phil- rather than a change in colonial rulers O’Donnell, in what is now known as the infa- ippines. In 1943, 800 men were selected from clashed with forces of the United States in mous Bataan Death March. Forced to march the 1st and 2nd Regiments and shipped to the Islands. The Philippine-American War, the 70-mile distance in 1 week, without ade- Australia to receive training in intelligence which officially lasted for 3 years from 1899 quate food, water, or medicine, nearly 700 gathering, sabotage, and demolition. Reorga- to 1902, led to the establishment of the members of the United States Armed Forces nized as part of the 1st Reconnaissance Bat- United States civil government in the Phil- and an estimated 6,000 to 10,000 Filipinos per- talion, this group was sent to the Philippines ippines. ished during the journey. to coordinate with major guerrilla armies in (2) In 1901, units of Filipino soldiers who (10) After the fall of the Bataan Peninsula, the Islands. Members of the 1st Regiment fought for the United States against the na- the Japanese Army turned its sights on Cor- were also attached to the United States 6th tionalist insurrection were formally incor- regidor. The estimated forces in defense of Army ‘‘Alamo Scouts’’, a reconnaissance porated into the United States Army as the Corregidor totaled 13,000, and were comprised group that traveled 30 miles behind enemy Philippine Scouts. of members of the United States Armed lines to free Allied prisoners from the Caba- (3) In 1934, the Philippine Independence Act Forces and Filipino troops. Of this number, natuan death camp on January 30, 1945. In (Public Law 73–127; 48 Stat. 456) established a 800 were killed, 1,000 were wounded, and addition, in 1945, according to the 441st timetable for ending colonial rule of the 11,000 were captured and forced to march Counter Intelligence Unit of the United United States. Between 1934 and Philippine through the city of Manila, after which the States Armed Forces, Philippine guerrillas independence in 1946, the United States re- captured troops were distributed to various provided ‘‘very important information and tained sovereignty over Philippine foreign POW camps. The rest of the captured troops sketches of enemy positions and installa- policy and reserved the right to call Fili- escaped to organize or join an underground tions’’ for the liberation of the Santo Tomas pinos into the service of the United States guerrilla army. prisoner of war camp, an event that made Armed Forces.
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