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Appendix 2-Philippines, Filipino Heritage SUD Mitigation Measures

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Appendix 2-Philippines, Filipino Heritage SUD Mitigation Measures SAN FRANCISCO FILIPINO HERITAGE ADDENDUM TO THE SOUTH OF MARKET HISTORIC CONTEXT STATEMENT SAN FRANCISCO, CA [11237] Prepared for SAN FRANCISCO PLANNING DEPARTMENT Page & Turnbull MARCH 13, 2013 imagining change in historic environments through design, research, and technology FINAL San Francisco Filipino Heritage Addendum to the South of Market Area Historic Context Statement Final San Francisco, California 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1 II. PURPOSE AND METHODOLOGY .................................................. 1 EXISTING DOCUMENTATION ................................................................ 1 ORAL HISTORIES ................................................................................. 3 TERMINOLOGY .................................................................................... 3 III. HISTORIC CONTEXT .................................................................. 4 FILIPINO IMMIGRATION: THE FIRST WAVE (1910 – 1940) ...................... 4 The Formation of Manilatown ........................................................... 7 Urban Employment ........................................................................... 8 Anti-Immigrant Legislation ............................................................... 9 Social, Religious and Fraternal Organizations ................................. 10 WORLD WAR II AND ITS AFTERMATH (1941 – 1964) ........................... 11 Filipinos in Japantown ..................................................................... 12 Filipinos in the South of Market ...................................................... 14 Philippine Independence and the Early Post-War Period .................. 16 FILIPINO IMMIGRATION: THE SECOND WAVE (1965 – PRESENT) ........... 18 Urban Renewal and Displacement ................................................... 18 The International Hotel ................................................................................. 19 The Evolution of “Central City” ........................................................ 20 Social Support Organizations .......................................................... 21 Youth Services ............................................................................................. 22 Senior Services ............................................................................................ 23 Educational facilities ....................................................................... 23 Filipino Education Center .............................................................................. 24 Pilipino American Collegiate Endeavor (PACE) .................................................. 25 Filipino Businesses ......................................................................... 26 Yerba Buena Redevelopment ........................................................... 27 Low-Income Housing: TODCO ....................................................................... 28 Filipino-Associated Street Names .................................................................... 29 Victoria Manalo Draves Park ........................................................... 30 Filipino Arts & Cultural Celebrations ............................................... 31 Visual Arts, Dance and Theater ...................................................................... 31 Filipino American Literature ........................................................................... 33 March 13, 2013 Page & Turnbull, Inc. - i - San Francisco Filipino Heritage Addendum to the South of Market Area Historic Context Statement Final San Francisco, California Murals and Art Installations ........................................................................... 33 Cultural Festivals ......................................................................................... 35 SoMa Filipinos in the New Millennium ............................................. 36 FILIPINO SOCIAL HERITAGE RESOURCES IN SOMA ............................... 38 IV. REFERENCES ........................................................................... 40 A. PUBLISHED .................................................................................... 40 B. PUBLIC RECORDS .......................................................................... 41 C. NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS .................................................... 41 D. INTERNET SOURCES ...................................................................... 41 E. OTHER .......................................................................................... 43 V. APPENDIX A: ORAL HISTORY SUMMARIES .................................. 44 BERNADETTE BORJA SY ..................................................................... 45 M.C. CANLAS .................................................................................... 46 DAN GONZALES ................................................................................ 47 REVEREND MONSIGNOR FRED BITANGA ............................................. 48 RAMON CALUBAQUIB ........................................................................ 49 DON MARCOS ................................................................................... 50 EMIL DE GUZMAN ............................................................................. 51 JOHN ELBERLING ............................................................................... 53 EMILYA CACHAPERO ......................................................................... 54 ALLELUIA PANIS ................................................................................ 55 VIDDA CHAN .................................................................................... 57 ELRICH JUNDIS .................................................................................. 59 OSCAR PENARANDA .......................................................................... 60 ROBERT KIKUCHI-YNGOJO ................................................................ 62 NANCY HOM ..................................................................................... 63 VI. APPENDIX B: RECOGNIZING PROTECTING AND MEMORIALIZING SOUTH OF MARKET FILIPINO SOCIAL HERITAGE NEIGHBORHOOD RESOURCES ................................................................................. 65 March 13, 2013 Page & Turnbull, Inc. - ii - San Francisco Filipino Heritage Addendum to the South of Market Area Historic Context Statement Final San Francisco, California 1. INTRODUCTION This historic study of the Filipino community in the South of Market (SoMa) neighborhood and San Francisco is intended to serve as an addendum to the South of Market Area Historic Context Statement issued by Page & Turnbull in June 2009 and adopted by the City of San Francisco in December 2010. That document provides a brief description of the Filipino community in SoMa, including its development both pre- and post-World War II. The San Francisco Planning Department, in cooperation with Filipino community representatives, has requested additional information about the history of Filipinos in SoMa to potentially support the designation of a Filipino cultural heritage district. In many respects, the South of Market neighborhood is emblematic of both the struggles and achievements of Filipino immigrants in the San Francisco Bay Area. While sizeable Filipino communities exist in other areas such as Daly City, Union City, and Vallejo, the South of Market neighborhood continues to serve as a touchstone for Filipinos seeking to connect with their cultural heritage. The neighborhood has traditionally served as a first stop for immigrants—particularly during the post-1965 wave of Filipino immigration—and is today the site where the most important Filipino cultural celebrations are held in San Francisco. Likewise, Saint Patrick’s Church continues to act as a focal point for Filipinos living in areas outside of SoMa. II. PURPOSE AND METHODOLOGY The goal of this report is to examine the evolution of the Filipino experience in San Francisco by identifying key historic themes that resulted in the development of a Filipino community in the South of Market neighborhood. These include immigration patterns, employment, and the establishment of social, religious and educational institutions. The impacts of urban renewal and gentrification within Filipino ethnic enclaves is also examined. Among the key historic themes discussed in this document are the following: Patterns of Immigration Employment Education and Social Support Services Housing Fraternal/Social Organizations Commercial Development Arts/Festivals Redevelopment EXISTING DOCUMENTATION Research for this report was gathered from a variety of sources. Some of these documents deal specifically with the Filipino community in the South of Market neighborhood, while others describe the Filipino experience in California and the rest of the United States. All of these documents are available at the San Francisco Public Library, either through the Filipino American Center or the files of the San Francisco History Center. Primary research documents included the following: San Francisco city directories spanning the period 1910 – 1980 were examined to track the emergence of Filipino organizations and businesses, as well as the movement of these March 13, 2013 Page & Turnbull, Inc. - 1 - San Francisco Filipino Heritage Addendum to the South of Market Area Historic Context Statement Final San Francisco, California organizations over time. Key words used included “Philippines”
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