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Twenty Years of Islamic Banking in Indonesia: a Biblioshiny Application

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Twenty Years of Islamic Banking in Indonesia: a Biblioshiny Application University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln Winter 3-8-2021 TWENTY YEARS OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDONESIA: A BIBLIOSHINY APPLICATION Lina Marlina Siliwangi University, [email protected] Aam Slamet Rusydiana SMART Indonesia, [email protected] Paidi Hidayat University of Sumatra Utara, [email protected] Nil Firdaus IAIN Batusangkar, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac Part of the Finance and Financial Management Commons, and the Library and Information Science Commons Marlina, Lina; Rusydiana, Aam Slamet; Hidayat, Paidi; and Firdaus, Nil, "TWENTY YEARS OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDONESIA: A BIBLIOSHINY APPLICATION" (2021). Library Philosophy and Practice (e- journal). 4999. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/4999 TWENTY YEARS OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDONESIA: A BIBLIOSHINY APPLICATION Lina Marlina1*, Aam Slamet Rusydiana2, Paidi Hidayat3, Nil Firdaus4 1Faculty of Islamic Studies, Siliwangi University, Indonesia. *Email: [email protected] 2Researcher at Sharia Economics Applied Research and Training (SMART) Indonesia 3Faculty of Economic, University of Sumatra Utara, Indonesia 4IAIN Batusangkar, Indonesia Abstract This study aims to determine the development of Islamic banking research trends in Indonesia published by leading journals on the theme of Islamic economics and finance. The data analyzed consisted of 500 indexed research publications. The data is then processed and analyzed using the R Bibliometric application to find out the bibliometric map of the development of the role of Islamic banking. The results showed that the number of publications on the development of the role of Islamic banking research in Islamic economics and finance has increased significantly. Then, the most popular writer are Sukmana R, Ascarya, and Ismal R. Last but not least, the newest trend topics are about governance, sharia issue and social role of Islamic banks. Keywords: Islamic Banking, Indonesia, Biblioshiny, R INTRODUCTION The Islamic banking industry has a strategic role in the economic development of the people, contributes to economic transformation and is value added and inclusive (Apriyanti, 2017). In Indonesia, the pioneer of the establishment of an Islamic bank is Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) which was founded in 1991 (Suryani, 2012). According to the 2018 Global Islamic Finance Report, the Islamic finance industry in Indonesia was ranked sixth after Malaysia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, UAE and Kuwait. The index value of Indonesia's Islamic finance industry in 2018 was 24.13 on a scale of 100 and was ranked sixth in the world (GIFR, 2018). The development of Islamic banking in Indonesia is increasing every year, even though the Islamic financial market is a new element in Indonesia (Alamsyah, 2010). This development is marked by the increasing number of Islamic financial institutions, Islamic insurance, Islamic mutual funds and other Islamic financial institutions. Based on the Insurance Statistics data published by the Financial Services Authority (OJK, 2020), it is stated that the number of Islamic banks has reached 14 Islamic Commercial Banks, 20 Sharia Business Units and 164 Sharia Rural Banks. The development of Islamic banking in Indonesia is supported by the issuance of Law no. 21 of 2008 concerning Islamic Banking (Hasan, 2011). With this Law, the development of the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia has a strong enough foundation, so as to encourage the growth of Islamic banking and increase competition (Apriyanti, 2017). Competition in Islamic banking in Indonesia has been further strengthened by the enactment of the Asean Economic Community (AEC) in 2016 for the banking industry. This is both an opportunity and a challenge for the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia. There are 500 published scientific research papers which are the object of research both nationally and internationally within the time frame of this paper, namely January 2021. The paper that is the object of this research is a paper that discusses Islamic banking in Indonesia in Islamic economic and financial research. Research with this theme is interesting to do considering that Islamic banking has now begun to be widely used as scientific research to produce ideas and innovations that can answer problems in Islamic economic and financial research. LITERATURE REVIEW Sharia banking is everything concerning Islamic banks and sharia business units, including institutional business activities, methods and processes for carrying out their business activities (Law No. 21 of 2008). Sharia banks are banks that carry out their business activities based on sharia principles. Sharia principles are principles of Islamic law in banking activities based on fatwas issued by institutions that have the authority to determine fatwas in the field of sharia (Indonesian Banking Booklet 2016). The Islamic banking industry has general characteristics inherent in the banking industry, namely an industry that is heavily regulated and an industry based on trust. The Islamic banking system in Indonesia is implemented with a profit-sharing principle system, prioritizing the value of togetherness, ukhuwah, and avoiding speculative elements in each transaction (Alamsyah, 2010). Islamic banks are financial service providers that operate based on Islamic ethics and value systems, especially those that are free from interest (usury), free from non-productive speculative such as gambling (maysir), free from unclear and doubtful things (gharar), have the principle of justice and only finance business that is lawful (Munawir, 2005). The first Islamic bank in Indonesia is Bank Muamalat which was founded by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) on November 1, 1991. Then, based on OJK 2020 data, it is stated that until now the number of BUS in 2020 is 14, UUS is 20, and BPRS is 164 . In Law No. 21 of 2008 concerning Sharia Banking specifically regulates Islamic banking, both from the institutional side and from the aspect of business activities. There are several new legal institutions in Law no. 21 of 2008, among others, concerns the spin-off of UUS voluntarily or compulsorily. Then, recently there was a policy of merging a state-owned sharia bank consisting of Bank BRI Syariah, Bank BNI Syariah and Bank Mandiri Syariah. The plan for the merger was ratified with the signing of the Condition Merger Agreement (CMA) for the three Islamic banks which was carried out on October 12, 2020. This merger plan will be implemented no later than 2021. The policy is carried out with the aim of increasing the market share of Islamic banking in Indonesia. METHODOLOGY Bibliometric mapping is a research topic in the bibliometric field (Borner et al., 2003). Two bibliometric aspects that can be distinguished are the construction of the bibliometric map and the graphical representation of the map. In the bibliometric literature, the greatest concern has been with the construction of bibliometric maps. Research related to the effect of differences on size similarity (Ahlgren et al., 2003), and they were tested by different mapping techniques (Boyack et al., 2005). The graphical representation of the bibliometric received less attention. Although there are some researchers who seriously study problems related to graphic representation (Chen, 2003). Most of the articles published in the bibliometric literature rely on simple graphical representations provided by computer programs. This study uses publication data in the form of papers sourced from various scientific journals and other sources with the theme of research on Islamic banking applications in Islamic economic and financial research. From the search results, 500 articles were published. The application of bibliometric methods in Islamic economic and finance research can be found in research conducted by Antonio et al., (2020), Rusydiana et al., (2020), Paltrinieri et al., (2019), Rusydiana and Assalafiyah (2020), Hassan et al., (2020) and Rusydiana et al., (2021). For example, Antonio et al., (2020) conducted a mapping related to Halal Value Chain research. Meanwhile, Rusydiana et al., (2021) examined research with mathematical models and their application in the fields of Islamic economics and finance. RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS Source The following is a table showing a collection of documents used in research with the theme Islamic Banking in Indonesia in Islamic economic and financial research. The number of documents used is 500 which are divided into 5 types of documents, including journal articles (438 documents), book chapters (10 documents), monographs (2 documents), preprint / preprint design (12 documents) and proceedings. / proceeding (38 documents). Table 1: Document Types No Document Types Number of Articles 1 Journal article 438 2 Book chapter 10 3 Monograph 2 4 Preprint 12 5 Proceeding 38 TOTAL 500 Based on the results of the grouping of document types above, the type of document that is most widely used as a research subject is a document in the form of a journal article with a percentage of 87.6% or as much as 438 documents. Meanwhile, the least documents used were in the form of a monograph by 0.4% or as many as 2 documents. This shows that the references used in this study are quite valid because most of them come from documents in the form of scientific articles. Average Citation per Year Furthermore, research is also carried
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