Middle East Uprising
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Somalia's Insurgents Embrace Twitter As a Weapon
Nxxx,2011-12-15,A,010,Bs-BW,E1 A10 N THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL THURSDAY, DECEMBER 15, 2011 Somalia’s Insurgents EmbraceTHURSDAY, Twitter DECEMBER 15, 2011 as a Weapon By JEFFREY GETTLEMAN NAIROBI, Kenya — Think of it as the Battle of the Tweets. Somalia’s powerful Islamist in- surgents, the Shabab, best known for chopping off hands and starv- ing their own people, just opened a Twitter account, and in the past week they have been writing up a storm, bragging about recent at- tacks and taunting their enemies. “Your inexperienced boys flee from confrontation & flinch in the face of death,” the Shabab wrote in a post to the Kenyan Army. It is an odd, almost downright hypocritical move from brutal militants in one of world’s most broken-down countries, where millions of people do not have enough food to eat, let alone a laptop. The Shabab have vehe- mently rejected Western prac- tices — banning Western music, movies, haircuts and bras, and even blocking Western aid for famine victims, all in the name of their brand of puritanical Islam — only to embrace Twitter, one of the icons of a modern, networked society. On top of that, the Shabab MOHAMED SHEIKH NOR/ASSOCIATED PRESS clearly have their hands full right The Shabab’s fighters are waging a war against Somalia’s interim government and peacekeepers. now, facing thousands of African Union peacekeepers, the Kenyan bab wrote. “Sure your comments lost only 10. African Union offi- statements. He added that the military, the Ethiopian military will invite derision but try to cials later conceded that the Sha- carefully composed e-mails and and the occasional American muster (or feign) courage at bab had been correct. -
The Pennsylvania State University Schreyer Honors College
THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF JOURNALISM STORIES FROM THE FRONT LINES: FEMALE FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS IN WAR ZONES JENNIFER CONNOR SUMMER 2011 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a baccalaureate degree in Journalism with honors in Journalism. Reviewed and approved* by the following: Tony Barbieri Foster Professor of Writing and Editing Thesis Supervisor Martin Halstuk Associate Professor Honors Adviser * Signatures are on file in the Schreyer Honors College. ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis is to examine the experience of women who cover war and conflict zones, with a special focus on those reporting in Iraq and Afghanistan. When western female war correspondents work in male-dominated cultures and situations of war, they encounter different challenges and advantages than male war correspondents. The level of danger associated with the assignments these women take on is evaluated in this thesis. Anecdotes from female war correspondents themselves, combined with outside analysis, reveal the types of situations unique to female war correspondents. More women choose to follow the story and witness history in the making by covering today‟s war and conflict zones. This trend parallels the greater presence of women in newsrooms, today. This thesis will shed light on what it means to be a female reporting on and working in dangerous conditions. i TABLE OF CONTENTS Part 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………....1 Part 2. Dealing with Danger……………………………………………………………………...6 -
What Can Be Done to Protect Schools and Universities from Military Use?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON THE DRAFT LUCENS GUIDELINES Global Coalition to Protect Education from Attack GCPEA 1 GCPEA Global Coalition to Protect Education from Attack What is military use of schools and universities? During armed conflicts, schools and universities are often used by armed forces and non-state armed groups as bases, barracks and temporary shelters, defensive and offensive positions or observation posts, weapons stores, and detention and interro - gation centres. Classrooms, school grounds, and lecture halls are also used for military training and to forcibly recruit children into armed groups. Sometimes schools and universities are taken over entirely, and students are pushed out completely. At other times education facilities are partially used for military purposes, with troops building a firing position on a school’s roof, or using a few classrooms, or occupying a playground while students continue to attend. Schools can be used for military purposes for a few days, months, or even years, and may be used during school hours, or when schools are not in session, over holidays, or in the evening. In all instances, military use of schools and universities puts students, teachers, and academics at risk. Where is military use of schools and universities happening? According to the Global Coalition to Protect Education from Attack (GCPEA), between 2005 and 2014, national armed forces and non-state armed groups, multi-national forces, and even peacekeepers have used schools and universities in at least 25 countries during armed confict, including: Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Chad, Colombia, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Georgia, India, Iraq, Israel/Palestine, Libya, Mali, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Thailand, Uganda, Ukraine, and Yemen. -
Issue 1 January/February 2003
VOLUME 8 ISSUE 1 JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2003 www.MediaResearch.org The Media Research Center’s Monthly Members’ Report The Liberal Media’s Double Standard INSIDE PAGE 3 screamed in an MSNBC.com piece on Limbaugh & Ingraham Dear Member, December 13. “Richard Nixon’s ‘Southern Cite the MRC Leftwing columnists and politicians, like Al Strategy’ set the poisonous tone, and Republican ■ Gore, have recently been complaining about a candidates continue to exploit racial fears for PAGE 3 nasty “conservative” bias in the media. Yes, the political gain.” Best NQ: A Big media are unfair, partisan and mean-spirited. NBC’s David Gregory repeated the claim on Hit With the Media They’re also liberal to the core. his network. “Since the days of ■ Nothing quite proves this Nixon, it’s been known as the PAGE 4 point like the contrasting ‘Southern Strategy,’ an appeal The Best Notable coverage of liberal and con- to frustrated Southern whites Quotables of 2002 servative politicians. And no opposed to civil rights gains,” ■ example better illustrates it than the correspondent chirped on PAGE 6 the coverage of recent com- December 23. “That strategy, Hogie Notes: ments by Senators Trent Lott perceived by some to be subtly CNSNews.com Radio: and Patty Murray. The contrasting coverage of racist, has been a big reason Ask For It! We have all heard about Sen. Trent Lott (R-Miss.) and why the GOP enjoys a political ■ Lott. He ignited a firestorm in Sen. Patty Murray (D-Wash.) lock on the South.” PAGE 7 proved once again that the early December with his No evidence was required The MRC: comments about Strom Thur- media have different rules for to prove that Republican gains conservatives and liberals. -
The American Experience with Diplomacy and Military Restraint I
PART I: THE AmERICAN EXPERIENCE WITH DIPLOMACY AND MILITARY RESTRAINT i. Orphaned Diplomats: The American Struggle to Match Diplomacy with Power Jeremi Suri E. Gordon Fox Professor of History and Director, European Union Center of Excellence, University of Wisconsin, Madison Benjamin Franklin spent the American Revolution in Paris. He had helped to draft the Declaration of Independence in the summer of 1776, one of the most radical documents of the eighteenth century—sparking rebellion on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Serving as a representative for the Continental Congress in France during the next decade, Franklin became a celebrity. He was the enlightened idealist from the frontier, the man of principled action who enthralled onlookers in the rigid European class societies of the 1770s and ’80s. Franklin embodied the American critique of Old World society, economy, and diplomacy. He was one of many American revolutionaries to take aim at the degenerate world of powdered wigs, fancy uniforms, and silver-service dinners where the great men of Europe decided the fate of distant societies. Franklin was a representative of the enduring American urge to replace the diplomacy of aristocrats with the openness and freedom of democrats.1 Despite his radical criticisms of aristocracy, Franklin was also a prominent participant in Parisian salons. To the consternation of John Adams and John Jay, he dined most evenings with the most conservative elements of French high society. Unlike Adams, he did not refuse to dress the part. For all his frontiers- man claims, Franklin relished high-society silver-service meals, especially if generous portions of wine were available for the guests. -
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO 2016 Cover The recent large-scale, systematic destruction and looting of cultural heritage has been the dominant theme at UNESCO throughout 2016. One of the Organization’s responses to these attacks on cultural heritage and cultural pluralism is the #Unite4Heritage campaign, a global movement that calls on everyone to harvest the power of culture to bring people together and to celebrate the places, objects and cultural traditions that make the world such a rich and vibrant place. This image produced for the campaign combines past and present, with the head of Buddha Shakyamuni and the face of an Erbore tribe warrior from Ethiopia. © Public Domain LACMA - Los Angeles County Museum of Art/Rod Waddington Published in 2017 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France © UNESCO 2017 This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). The present license applies exclusively to the text content of this publication and to images whose copyright belongs to UNESCO. By using the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository (http://www.unesco.org/open-access/terms-use-ccbysa-en). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Freedom Or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism in Afghanistan and Iraq Hannibal Travis
Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights Volume 3 | Issue 1 Article 4 Spring 2005 Freedom or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism in Afghanistan and Iraq Hannibal Travis Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr Recommended Citation Hannibal Travis, Freedom or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism in Afghanistan and Iraq, 3 Nw. J. Int'l Hum. Rts. 1 (2005). http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr/vol3/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights by an authorized administrator of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. Copyright 2005 Northwestern University School of Law Volume 3 (Spring 2005) Northwestern University Journal of International Human Rights FREEDOM OR THEOCRACY?: CONSTITUTIONALISM IN AFGHANISTAN AND IRAQ By Hannibal Travis* “Afghans are victims of the games superpowers once played: their war was once our war, and collectively we bear responsibility.”1 “In the approved version of the [Afghan] constitution, Article 3 was amended to read, ‘In Afghanistan, no law can be contrary to the beliefs and provisions of the sacred religion of Islam.’ … This very significant clause basically gives the official and nonofficial religious leaders in Afghanistan sway over every action that they might deem contrary to their beliefs, which by extension and within the Afghan cultural context, could be regarded as -
Download The
Nothing to declare: Why U.S. border agency’s vast stop and search powers undermine press freedom A special report by the Committee to Protect Journalists Nothing to declare: Why U.S. border agency’s vast stop and search powers undermine press freedom A special report by the Committee to Protect Journalists Founded in 1981, the Committee to Protect Journalists responds to attacks on the press worldwide. CPJ documents hundreds of cases every year and takes action on behalf of journalists and news organizations without regard to political ideology. To maintain its independence, CPJ accepts no government funding. CPJ is funded entirely by private contributions from individuals, foundations, and corporations. CHAIR HONORARY CHAIRMAN EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Kathleen Carroll Terry Anderson Joel Simon DIRECTORS Mhamed Krichen Ahmed Rashid al-jazeera Stephen J. Adler David Remnick reuters Isaac Lee the new yorker Franz Allina Lara Logan Alan Rusbridger Amanda Bennett cbs news lady margaret hall, oxford Krishna Bharat Rebecca MacKinnon David Schlesinger Susan Chira Kati Marton Karen Amanda Toulon bloomberg news the new york times Michael Massing Darren Walker Anne Garrels Geraldine Fabrikant Metz ford foundation the new york times Cheryl Gould Jacob Weisberg Victor Navasky the slate group Jonathan Klein the nation getty images Jon Williams Clarence Page rté Jane Kramer chicago tribune the new yorker SENIOR ADVISORS Steven L. Isenberg Sandra Mims Rowe Andrew Alexander David Marash Paul E. Steiger propublica Christiane Amanpour Charles L. Overby cnn international freedom forum Brian Williams msnbc Tom Brokaw Norman Pearlstine nbc news Matthew Winkler Sheila Coronel Dan Rather bloomberg news columbia university axs tv school of journalism Gene Roberts James C. -
Self-Censorship and the First Amendment Robert A
Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy Volume 25 Article 2 Issue 1 Symposium on Censorship & the Media 1-1-2012 Self-Censorship and the First Amendment Robert A. Sedler Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ndjlepp Recommended Citation Robert A. Sedler, Self-Censorship and the First Amendment, 25 Notre Dame J.L. Ethics & Pub. Pol'y 13 (2012). Available at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ndjlepp/vol25/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy at NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ARTICLES SELF-CENSORSHIP AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT ROBERT A. SEDLER* I. INTRODUCTION Self-censorship refers to the decision by an individual or group to refrain from speaking and to the decision by a media organization to refrain from publishing information. Whenever an individual or group or the media engages in self-censorship, the values of the First Amendment are compromised, because the public is denied information or ideas.' It should not be sur- prising, therefore, that the principles, doctrines, and precedents of what I refer to as "the law of the First Amendment"' are designed to prevent self-censorship premised on fear of govern- mental sanctions against expression. This fear-induced self-cen- sorship will here be called "self-censorship bad." At the same time, the First Amendment also values and pro- tects a right to silence. -
The Pulitzer Prizes 2020 Winne
WINNERS AND FINALISTS 1917 TO PRESENT TABLE OF CONTENTS Excerpts from the Plan of Award ..............................................................2 PULITZER PRIZES IN JOURNALISM Public Service ...........................................................................................6 Reporting ...............................................................................................24 Local Reporting .....................................................................................27 Local Reporting, Edition Time ..............................................................32 Local General or Spot News Reporting ..................................................33 General News Reporting ........................................................................36 Spot News Reporting ............................................................................38 Breaking News Reporting .....................................................................39 Local Reporting, No Edition Time .......................................................45 Local Investigative or Specialized Reporting .........................................47 Investigative Reporting ..........................................................................50 Explanatory Journalism .........................................................................61 Explanatory Reporting ...........................................................................64 Specialized Reporting .............................................................................70 -
Countering Terrorism in East Africa: the U.S
Countering Terrorism in East Africa: The U.S. Response Lauren Ploch Analyst in African Affairs November 3, 2010 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41473 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Countering Terrorism in East Africa: The U.S. Response Summary The United States government has implemented a range of programs to counter violent extremist threats in East Africa in response to Al Qaeda’s bombing of the U.S. embassies in Tanzania and Kenya in 1998 and subsequent transnational terrorist activity in the region. These programs include regional and bilateral efforts, both military and civilian. The programs seek to build regional intelligence, military, law enforcement, and judicial capacities; strengthen aviation, port, and border security; stem the flow of terrorist financing; and counter the spread of extremist ideologies. Current U.S.-led regional counterterrorism efforts include the State Department’s East Africa Regional Strategic Initiative (EARSI) and the U.S. military’s Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA), part of U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM). The United States has also provided significant assistance in support of the African Union’s (AU) peace operations in Somalia, where the country’s nascent security forces and AU peacekeepers face a complex insurgency waged by, among others, Al Shabaab, a local group linked to Al Qaeda that often resorts to terrorist tactics. The State Department reports that both Al Qaeda and Al Shabaab pose serious terrorist threats to the United States and U.S. interests in the region. Evidence of linkages between Al Shabaab and Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, across the Gulf of Aden in Yemen, highlight another regional dimension of the threat posed by violent extremists in the area. -
Wanting, Not Waiting
WINNERSdateline OF THE OVERSEAS PRESS CLUB AWARDS 2011 Wanting, Not Waiting 2012 Another Year of Uprisings SPECIAL EDITION dateline 2012 1 letter from the president ne year ago, at our last OPC Awards gala, paying tribute to two of our most courageous fallen heroes, I hardly imagined that I would be standing in the same position again with the identical burden. While last year, we faced the sad task of recognizing the lives and careers of two Oincomparable photographers, Tim Hetherington and Chris Hondros, this year our attention turns to two writers — The New York Times’ Anthony Shadid and Marie Colvin of The Sunday Times of London. While our focus then was on the horrors of Gadhafi’s Libya, it is now the Syria of Bashar al- Assad. All four of these giants of our profession gave their lives in the service of an ideal and a mission that we consider so vital to our way of life — a full, complete and objective understanding of a world that is so all too often contemptuous or ignorant of these values. Theirs are the same talents and accomplishments to which we pay tribute in each of our awards tonight — and that the Overseas Press Club represents every day throughout the year. For our mission, like theirs, does not stop as we file from this room. The OPC has moved resolutely into the digital age but our winners and their skills remain grounded in the most fundamental tenets expressed through words and pictures — unwavering objectivity, unceasing curiosity, vivid story- telling, thought-provoking commentary.