Matching Exercises Key

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Matching Exercises Key MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM MATCHING EXERCISES KEY ANATOMICAL TERMS 1. epididymides f. coiled ducts storing sperm 2. spermatozoa h. reproductive cells 3. testes e. reproductive glands 4. prepuce d. foreskin 5. perineum b. external area between scrotum and anus 6.semen g. sperm mixed with accompanying secretions 7. glans penis a. outermost end of male member 8. scrotum c. pouch containing male sex glands SYMPTOMATIC AND DIAGNOSTIC TERMS 1. cryptorchism h. undescended testicle 2. azoospermia e. semen without living reproductive cells 3. impotence a. E.D. 4. chlamydia i. most common STD 5. prostatic hyperplasia g. enlargement of gland that encircles urethra 6. aspermia j. inability to create reproductive cells 7. seminoma f. testicular tumor 8. condyloma d. genital wart 9. hypospadias c. opening of urethra on underside of penis 10. hydrocele b. accumulation of fluid in testis 1. anorchism f. lack of testicle 2. cryptorchism d. absence of testicle from scrotum 3. epispadias b. congenital opening on top of urethra 4. hypospadias e. congenital opening on underside of urethra 5. hydrocele c. accumulation of fluid in scrotum OPERATIVE AND THERAPEUTIC TERMS 1. vasovasostomy h. restoration of male fertility 2. orchioplasty f. repair of testicle 3. penile prosthesis e. implantation of device to correct ED 4. orchiopexy c. correction of cryptorchism 5. orchidectomy d. testicular removal 6. circumcision a. removal of prepuce 7. vasectomy g. dissection of vas deferens 8. epididymectomy b. removal of sperm's storage duct 1. balanoplasty g. surgical repair of glans penis 2. orchioplasty b. surgical repair of testicle 3. circumcision f. surgical removal of prepuce MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY 4. vasectomy d. surgical prevention of passage of sperm 5. castration c. surgical removal of testicle MATCH THESE TERMS 1. coitus d. sexual intercourse 2. genitalia c. reproductive organs 3. orgasm f. climax of sexual stimulation 4. ejaculation b. ejection of semen 5. gonads a. sex glands 1. gonorrhea c. contagious and inflammatory STD 2. heterosexual g. one attracted to the opposite sex 3. condom d. cover for penis at coitus 4. genital herpes f. STD caused by herpes simplex virus II 5. prosthesis b. replacement for a body part 1. herpes e. skin disease with vesicles 2. condylomata g. genital warts 3. AIDS f. final stage of HIV 4. chancre a. venereal sore 5. preputium b. foreskin .
Recommended publications
  • Human Physiology/The Male Reproductive System 1 Human Physiology/The Male Reproductive System
    Human Physiology/The male reproductive system 1 Human Physiology/The male reproductive system ← The endocrine system — Human Physiology — The female reproductive system → Homeostasis — Cells — Integumentary — Nervous — Senses — Muscular — Blood — Cardiovascular — Immune — Urinary — Respiratory — Gastrointestinal — Nutrition — Endocrine — Reproduction (male) — Reproduction (female) — Pregnancy — Genetics — Development — Answers Introduction In simple terms, reproduction is the process by which organisms create descendants. This miracle is a characteristic that all living things have in common and sets them apart from nonliving things. But even though the reproductive system is essential to keeping a species alive, it is not essential to keeping an individual alive. In human reproduction, two kinds of sex cells or gametes are involved. Sperm, the male gamete, and an egg or ovum, the female gamete must meet in the female reproductive system to create a new individual. For reproduction to occur, both the female and male reproductive systems are essential. While both the female and male reproductive systems are involved with producing, nourishing and transporting either the egg or sperm, they are different in shape and structure. The male has reproductive organs, or genitals, that are both inside and outside the pelvis, while the female has reproductive organs entirely within the pelvis. The male reproductive system consists of the testes and a series of ducts and glands. Sperm are produced in the testes and are transported through the reproductive ducts. These ducts include the epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct and urethra. The reproductive glands produce secretions that become part of semen, the fluid that is ejaculated from the urethra. These glands include the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands.
    [Show full text]
  • Male Reproductive System
    MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DR RAJARSHI ASH M.B.B.S.(CAL); D.O.(EYE) ; M.D.-PGT(2ND YEAR) DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY CALCUTTA NATIONAL MEDICAL COLLEGE PARTS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM A. Gonads – Two ovoid testes present in scrotal sac, out side the abdominal cavity B. Accessory sex organs - epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, ejaculatory ducts, prostate gland and bulbo-urethral glands C. External genitalia – penis and scrotum ANATOMY OF MALE INTERNAL GENITALIA AND ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE Two principal cell types in seminiferous tubule Sertoli cell Germ cell INTERACTION BETWEEN SERTOLI CELLS AND SPERM BLOOD- TESTIS BARRIER • Blood – testis barrier protects germ cells in seminiferous tubules from harmful elements in blood. • The blood- testis barrier prevents entry of antigenic substances from the developing germ cells into circulation. • High local concentration of androgen, inositol, glutamic acid, aspartic acid can be maintained in the lumen of seminiferous tubule without difficulty. • Blood- testis barrier maintains higher osmolality of luminal content of seminiferous tubules. FUNCTIONS OF SERTOLI CELLS 1.Germ cell development 2.Phagocytosis 3.Nourishment and growth of spermatids 4.Formation of tubular fluid 5.Support spermiation 6.FSH and testosterone sensitivity 7.Endocrine functions of sertoli cells i)Inhibin ii)Activin iii)Follistatin iv)MIS v)Estrogen 8.Sertoli cell secretes ‘Androgen binding protein’(ABP) and H-Y antigen. 9.Sertoli cell contributes formation of blood testis barrier. LEYDIG CELL • Leydig cells are present near the capillaries in the interstitial space between seminiferous tubules. • They are rich in mitochondria & endoplasmic reticulum. • Leydig cells secrete testosterone,DHEA & Androstenedione. • The activity of leydig cell is different in different phases of life.
    [Show full text]
  • The ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Luteinizinghormones Hormone/Follicle-Stimulating Are Chemical Hormone Messengers
    the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM LuteinizingHormones hormone/follicle-stimulating are chemical hormone messengers. (LH/FSH) They bind to specific target cells Crucial for sex cell production Growth hormone–releasingwith receptors, hormone regulate (GHRH) metabolism and the sleep cycle, and contribute Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) Regulatesto thyroid-stimulating growth and hormone development. release The endocrine glands and organs secrete Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) Regulatesthese to release hormones of adrenocorticotropin all over that is vitalthe to body. the production of cortisol (stress response hormone). The hypothalamus is a collection of specialized cells that serve as the central relay system between the nervous and endocrine systems. hypothalamus Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) Regulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormones Luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) Crucial for sex cell production Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) Regulates the release of adrenocorticotropin that’s vital to the production of cortisol 2 The hypothalamus translates the signals from the brain into hormones. From there, the hormones then travel to the pituitary gland. Located at the base of the brain inferior to the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland secretes endorphins, controls several other endocrine glands, and regulates the ovulation and menstrual cycles. pituitary gland 3 The anterior lobe regulates the activity of the thyroid, adrenals, and reproductive glands by producing hormones that regulate bone and tissue growth in addition to playing a role in the absorption of nutrients and minerals. anterior lobe Prolactin Vital to activating milk production in new mothers Thyrotropin Stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones vital to metabolic regulation Corticotropin Vital in stimulating the adrenal gland and the “fight-or-flight” response 4 The posterior lobe stores hormones produced by the hypothalamus.
    [Show full text]
  • The Male Body
    Fact Sheet The Male Body What is the male What is the epididymis? reproductive system? The epididymis is a thin highly coiled tube (duct) A man’s fertility and sexual characteristics depend that lies at the back of each testis and connects on the normal functioning of the male reproductive the seminiferous tubules in the testis to another system. A number of individual organs act single tube called the vas deferens. together to make up the male reproductive 1 system; some are visible, such as the penis and the 6 scrotum, whereas some are hidden within the body. The brain also has an important role in controlling 7 12 reproductive function. 2 8 1 11 What are the testes? 3 6 The testes (testis: singular) are a pair of egg 9 7 12 shaped glands that sit in the scrotum next to the 2 8 base of the penis on the outside of the body. In 4 10 11 adult men, each testis is normally between 15 and 3 35 mL in volume. The testes are needed for the 5 male reproductive system to function normally. 9 The testes have two related but separate roles: 4 10 • to make sperm 5 1 Bladder • to make testosterone. 2 Vas deferens The testes develop inside the abdomen in the 3 Urethra male fetus and then move down (descend) into the scrotum before or just after birth. The descent 4 Penis of the testes is important for fertility as a cooler 5 Scrotum temperature is needed to make sperm and for 16 BladderSeminal vesicle normal testicular function.
    [Show full text]
  • Anatomy and Physiology of a Bull's Reproductive Tract
    Beef Cattle Handbook BCH-2010 Product of Extension Beef Cattle Resource Committee Reproductive Tract Anatomy and Physiology of the Bull E. J. Turman, Animal Science Department Oklahoma State University T. D. Rich, Animal Science Department Oklahoma State University The reproductive tract of the bull consists of the testicles normally and usually produces enough sperm so that and secondary sex organs, which transport the sperma- the male will be of near normal fertility. However, since tozoa from the testicle and eventually deposits them in this condition appears to have a hereditary basis, such the female reproductive tract. These organs are the epi- males should not be used for breeding. If both testicles didymis, vas deferens and penis, plus three accessory are retained, the male will be sterile. sex glands, the seminal vesicles, prostate and Cowper’s Usually, hormone production is near normal in the gland. This basic anatomy is illustrated in figure 1 as a cryptorchid testicle and the male develops and behaves greatly simplified diagrammatic sketch. like a normal male. If the retained testicle is not The testicle has two very vital functions: (1) produc- removed at time of castration, the male will develop the ing the spermatozoa; and (2) producing the specific secondary sex characters of an uncastrated male. This male hormone, testosterone. The testicles are located operation is not as simple, nor as safe, as removing tes- outside of the body cavity in the scrotum. This is essen- ticles that are in the scrotum. Thus, it is recommended tial for normal sperm formation since this occurs only at to select against this trait by culling cryptorchid males.
    [Show full text]
  • Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute
    Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute Graphic design and photography were provided by Cleveland Clinic’s Center for Medical Art and Photography. © The Cleveland Clinic Foundation 2017 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195 clevelandclinic.org 2016 Outcomes 17-OUT-426 108374_CCFBCH_17OUT426_acg.indd 1-3 8/31/17 3:02 PM Measuring Outcomes Promotes Quality Improvement Clinical Trials Cleveland Clinic is running more than 2200 clinical trials at any given time for conditions including breast and liver cancer, coronary artery disease, heart failure, epilepsy, Parkinson disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, high blood pressure, diabetes, depression, and eating disorders. Cancer Clinical Trials is a mobile app that provides information on the more than 200 active clinical trials available to cancer patients at Cleveland Clinic. clevelandclinic.org/cancertrialapp Healthcare Executive Education Cleveland Clinic has programs to share its expertise in operating a successful major medical center. The Executive Visitors’ Program is an intensive, 3-day behind-the-scenes view of the Cleveland Clinic organization for the busy executive. The Samson Global Leadership Academy is a 2-week immersion in challenges of leadership, management, and innovation taught by Cleveland Clinic leaders, administrators, and clinicians. Curriculum includes coaching and a personalized 3-year leadership development plan. clevelandclinic.org/executiveeducation Consult QD Physician Blog A website from Cleveland Clinic for physicians and healthcare professionals. Discover the latest research insights, innovations, treatment trends, and more for all specialties. consultqd.clevelandclinic.org Social Media Cleveland Clinic uses social media to help caregivers everywhere provide better patient care. Millions of people currently like, friend, or link to Cleveland Clinic social media — including leaders in medicine.
    [Show full text]
  • Anatomy and Physiology Male Reproductive System References
    DEWI PUSPITA ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM REFERENCES . Tortora and Derrickson, 2006, Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 11th edition, John Wiley and Sons Inc. Medical Embryology Langeman, pdf. Moore and Persaud, The Developing Human (clinically oriented Embryologi), 8th edition, Saunders, Elsevier, . Van de Graff, Human anatomy, 6th ed, Mcgraw Hill, 2001,pdf . Van de Graff& Rhees,Shaum_s outline of human anatomy and physiology, Mcgraw Hill, 2001, pdf. WHAT IS REPRODUCTION SYSTEM? . Unlike other body systems, the reproductive system is not essential for the survival of the individual; it is, however, required for the survival of the species. The RS does not become functional until it is “turned on” at puberty by the actions of sex hormones sets the reproductive system apart. The male and female reproductive systems complement each other in their common purpose of producing offspring. THE TOPIC : . 1. Gamet Formation . 2. Primary and Secondary sex organ . 3. Male Reproductive system . 4. Female Reproductive system . 5. Female Hormonal Cycle GAMET FORMATION . Gamet or sex cells are the functional reproductive cells . Contain of haploid (23 chromosomes-single) . Fertilizationdiploid (23 paired chromosomes) . One out of the 23 pairs chromosomes is the determine sex sex chromosome X or Y . XXfemale, XYmale Gametogenesis Oocytes Gameto Spermatozoa genesis XY XX XX/XY MALE OR FEMALE....? Male Reproductive system . Introduction to the Male Reproductive System . Scrotum . Testes . Spermatic Ducts, Accessory Reproductive Glands,and the Urethra . Penis . Mechanisms of Erection, Emission, and Ejaculation The urogenital system . Functionally the urogenital system can be divided into two entirely different components: the urinary system and the genital system.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of Microsurgery in Urological Practice
    Chen-1 The History of Microsurgery in Urological Practice Mang L. Chen1, Gregory M. Buncke2 and Paul J. Turek3 1G.U. Recon, San Francisco, CA, 94114 2The Buncke Clinic, San Francisco, CA 94114 3The Turek Clinic, Beverly Hills, CA 90210 Correspondence to: Mang Chen, MD G.U. Recon 45 Castro St, Suite 111 San Francisco, CA 94114 Tel: 415-481-3980 Email: [email protected] Chen-2 Abstract Operative microscopy spans all surgical disciplines, allowing human dexterity to perform beyond direct visual limitations. Microsurgery started in otolaryngology, became popular in reconstructive microsurgery, and was then adopted in urology. Starting with reproductive tract reconstruction of the vas and epididymis, microsurgery in urology now extends to varicocele repair, sperm retrieval, penile transplantation and free flap phalloplasty. By examining the peer reviewed and lay literature this review discusses the history of microsurgery and its subsequent development as a subspecialty in urology. Keywords: urology, microsurgery, phalloplasty, vasovasostomy, varicocelectomy Chen-3 I. Introduction Microsurgery has been instrumental to surgical advances in many medical fields. Otolaryngology, ophthalmology, gynecology, hand and plastic surgery have all embraced the operating microscope to minimize surgical trauma and scar and to increase patency rates of vessels, nerves and tubes. Urologic adoption of microsurgery began with vasectomy reversals, testis transplants, varicocelectomies and sperm retrieval and has now progressed to free flap phalloplasties and penile transplantation. In this review, we describe the origins of microsurgery, highlight the careers of prominent microsurgeons, and discuss current use applications in urology. II. Birth of Microsurgery 1) Technology The birth of microsurgery followed from an interesting marriage of technology and clinical need.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Anatomy and Physiology
    LECTURE NOTES For Nursing Students Human Anatomy and Physiology Nega Assefa Alemaya University Yosief Tsige Jimma University In collaboration with the Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative, The Carter Center, the Ethiopia Ministry of Health, and the Ethiopia Ministry of Education 2003 Funded under USAID Cooperative Agreement No. 663-A-00-00-0358-00. Produced in collaboration with the Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative, The Carter Center, the Ethiopia Ministry of Health, and the Ethiopia Ministry of Education. Important Guidelines for Printing and Photocopying Limited permission is granted free of charge to print or photocopy all pages of this publication for educational, not-for-profit use by health care workers, students or faculty. All copies must retain all author credits and copyright notices included in the original document. Under no circumstances is it permissible to sell or distribute on a commercial basis, or to claim authorship of, copies of material reproduced from this publication. ©2003 by Nega Assefa and Yosief Tsige All rights reserved. Except as expressly provided above, no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the author or authors. This material is intended for educational use only by practicing health care workers or students and faculty in a health care field. Human Anatomy and Physiology Preface There is a shortage in Ethiopia of teaching / learning material in the area of anatomy and physicalogy for nurses. The Carter Center EPHTI appreciating the problem and promoted the development of this lecture note that could help both the teachers and students.
    [Show full text]
  • Robotic Surgery for Male Infertility
    Robotic Surgery for Male Infertility Annie Darves-Bornoz, MD, Evan Panken, BS, Robert E. Brannigan, MD, Joshua A. Halpern, MD, MS* KEYWORDS Robotic surgical procedures Infertility Male Vasovasostomy Varicocele KEY POINTS Robotic-assisted approaches to male infertility microsurgery have potential practical benefits including reduction of tremor, 3-dimensional visualization, and decreased need for skilled surgical assistance. Several small, retrospective studies have described robotic-assisted vasectomy reversal with com- parable clinical outcomes to the traditional microsurgical approach. Few studies have described application of the robot to varicocelectomy, testicular sperm extrac- tion, and spermatic cord denervation. The use of robotic-assistance for male infertility procedures is evolving, and adoption has been limited. Rigorous studies are needed to evaluate outcomes and cost-effectiveness. INTRODUCTION with intraperitoneal and pelvic surgery. On the other hand, many of the theoretic and practical ad- Up to 15% of couples have infertility, with approx- 1,2 vantages offered by the robotic approach are imately 50% of cases involving a male factor. A highly transferrable to surgery for male infertility: substantial proportion of men with subfertility have surgically treatable and even reversible etiologies, High quality, 3-dimensional visualization is such as a varicocele or vasal obstruction. The essential for any microsurgical procedure. introduction of the operating microscope revolu- Improved surgeon ergonomics are always desir- tionized the field of male infertility, dramatically able, particularly given the surgeon morbidity improving visualization of small, complex associated with microsurgery.3 anatomic structures. The technical precision Filtering of physiologic tremor can improve pre- afforded has improved operative outcomes across cision during technically demanding micro- the board.
    [Show full text]
  • Microsurgical Denervation of Spermatic Cord for Chronic Idiopathic Orchialgia: Long-Term Results from an Institutional Experience
    Original Article pISSN: 2287-4208 / eISSN: 2287-4690 World J Mens Health 2019 January 37(1): 78-84 https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.180035 Microsurgical Denervation of Spermatic Cord for Chronic Idiopathic Orchialgia: Long-Term Results from an Institutional Experience Rajeev Chaudhari, Satyadeo Sharma , Shahil Khant, Krutik Raval Department of Urology, Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, India Purpose: Chronic testicular pain remains an important challenge for urologists. At present there are many treatment modali- ties available for chronic orchialgia. Some patients remain in pain despite a conservative treatment. Microsurgical denerva- tion of spermatic cord appears to be successful in relieving pain in patients who fail conservative management. We assessed the long-term efficacy, complications and patient perceptions of microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord in the treat- ment of chronic orchialgia. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted from January 2007 to January 2016 which included men with testicular pain of >3 months duration, failure of conservative management, persistent of pain for >3 months after treating the underlying cause. Total 48 patients with 62 testicular units (14 bilateral) showed the response to spermatic cord block and underwent microsurgical denervation of spermatic cord. Results: Out of 62 testicular units (14 bilateral) which were operated, complete 2 years follow-up data were available for 38 testicular units. Out of these 38 units, 31 units (81.57%) had complete pain relief, 4 units (10.52%) had partial pain, and 3 units (7.89%) were non-responders. Complications were superficial wound infection in 3 units (4.83%), hydrocele in 2 units (3.22%), subcutaneous seroma in 2 units (3.22%), and an incisional hematoma in 1 unit (1.61%) out of 62 operated testicu- lar units.
    [Show full text]
  • Male Reproductive System • Testis • Epididymis • Vas Deferens
    Male Reproductive System Dr Punita Manik Professor Department of Anatomy K G’s Medical University U P Lucknow Male Reproductive System • Testis • Epididymis • Vas deferens • Seminal Vesicle • Prostrate • Penis Testis • Covering of testis 1.Tunica vaginalis 2.Tumica albuginea Mediastinum testis Lobule of testis- -Seminiferous tubule -Interstitial tissue 3.Tunica vasculosa Testis • Tunica Albuginea • Seminiferous tubules • Cells in different stages of development • From basement membrane to lumen: Spermatogonia,sper matocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa Testis • Seminiferous tubules: Lined by Stratified epithelium known as Germinal epithelium. • Germinal epithelium has 2 type of cells 1. Spermatogenic cells-that produce sperms 2. Sertoli cells-tall columnar cells, lateral process divide cavity (basal and luminal), that nourish the sperms Sertoli cells Functions • Physical support, nutrition and protection of the developing spermatids. • Phagocytosis of excess cytoplasm from the developing spermatids. • Phagocytosis of degenerating germ cells • Secretion of fructose rich testicular fluid for the nourishment and transport of sperms Testis • Basement membrane Myoid cells • Interstitial tissue 1.blood vessels 2.Loose connective tissue cells 3.Leydig cells- testosterone secreting interstitial cells Seminiferous tubules SERTOLI CELLS Sertoli Cells Sustentacular cells Supporting cells •Extend from the basement membrane to the lumen •Slender, elongated cells with irregular outlines Leydig cells Interstitial cell of Leydig •Present in the interstitial connective tissue of the testis with blood vessels and fibrocytes •Produce testosterone Blood Testis Barrier • The adjacent cytoplasm of Sertoli cells are joined by occluding tight junctions, producing a blood testis barrier. • It protects the developing cells from immune system by restricting the passage of membrane antigens from developing sperm into the blood stream.
    [Show full text]