EDWARD FRED KNIPLING PAPERS: Screwworm Eradication Program Records
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Diptera: Calyptratae)
Systematic Entomology (2020), DOI: 10.1111/syen.12443 Protein-encoding ultraconserved elements provide a new phylogenomic perspective of Oestroidea flies (Diptera: Calyptratae) ELIANA BUENAVENTURA1,2 , MICHAEL W. LLOYD2,3,JUAN MANUEL PERILLALÓPEZ4, VANESSA L. GONZÁLEZ2, ARIANNA THOMAS-CABIANCA5 andTORSTEN DIKOW2 1Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany, 2National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, U.S.A., 3The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, U.S.A., 4Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, U.S.A. and 5Department of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain Abstract. The diverse superfamily Oestroidea with more than 15 000 known species includes among others blow flies, flesh flies, bot flies and the diverse tachinid flies. Oestroidea exhibit strikingly divergent morphological and ecological traits, but even with a variety of data sources and inferences there is no consensus on the relationships among major Oestroidea lineages. Phylogenomic inferences derived from targeted enrichment of ultraconserved elements or UCEs have emerged as a promising method for resolving difficult phylogenetic problems at varying timescales. To reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among families of Oestroidea, we obtained UCE loci exclusively derived from the transcribed portion of the genome, making them suitable for larger and more integrative phylogenomic studies using other genomic and transcriptomic resources. We analysed datasets containing 37–2077 UCE loci from 98 representatives of all oestroid families (except Ulurumyiidae and Mystacinobiidae) and seven calyptrate outgroups, with a total concatenated aligned length between 10 and 550 Mb. About 35% of the sampled taxa consisted of museum specimens (2–92 years old), of which 85% resulted in successful UCE enrichment. -
Evolutionary History of Stomach Bot Flies in the Light of Mitogenomics
Evolutionary history of stomach bot flies in the light of mitogenomics Yan, Liping; Pape, Thomas; Elgar, Mark A.; Gao, Yunyun; Zhang, Dong Published in: Systematic Entomology DOI: 10.1111/syen.12356 Publication date: 2019 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Yan, L., Pape, T., Elgar, M. A., Gao, Y., & Zhang, D. (2019). Evolutionary history of stomach bot flies in the light of mitogenomics. Systematic Entomology, 44(4), 797-809. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12356 Download date: 28. Sep. 2021 Systematic Entomology (2019), 44, 797–809 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12356 Evolutionary history of stomach bot flies in the light of mitogenomics LIPING YAN1, THOMAS PAPE2 , MARK A. ELGAR3, YUNYUN GAO1 andDONG ZHANG1 1School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China, 2Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark and 3School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Abstract. Stomach bot flies (Calyptratae: Oestridae, Gasterophilinae) are obligate endoparasitoids of Proboscidea (i.e. elephants), Rhinocerotidae (i.e. rhinos) and Equidae (i.e. horses and zebras, etc.), with their larvae developing in the digestive tract of hosts with very strong host specificity. They represent an extremely unusual diver- sity among dipteran, or even insect parasites in general, and therefore provide sig- nificant insights into the evolution of parasitism. The phylogeny of stomach botflies was reconstructed -
Pest Management News
Pest Management News Dr. John D. Hopkins, Associate Professor and Extension Entomologist – Coeditor Dr. Kelly M. Loftin, Professor and Extension Entomologist – Coeditor Contributors Dr. Becky McPeake, Professor and Wildlife Extension Specialist Sherrie E. Smith, Plant Pathology Instructor, Plant Health Clinic Diagnostician Letter #6 October 31, 2017 ________________________________________________________________________________ Stopping Occasional Arthropod Invaders John D. Hopkins When the weather begins to change in the fall and things get cooler, arthropod pests like the multi-colored Asian lady beetle, the boxelder bug, crickets, various stinkbugs, or spiders are just some of the pest problems that homeowners may have to deal with. The first thing most people think of when trying to prevent a pest problem is WHAT INSECTICIDE DO I SPRAY? However, there are other measures that should be taken that will help prevent these pests from entering your home and may even eliminate the need for an insecticide application. Pest proofing your home is the BEST way to prevent unwanted invaders at this time or any other time of year. Your goal is to prevent pest entry and eliminate conditions that are conducive to pest infestation. Here are the ABC’s of pest proofing your home: A. Ensure that screens on doors and windows are properly installed and maintained. If you don't have screen doors on your home, install them. Any damaged screens should be repaired or replaced. Fine mesh screening will prevent all but the tiniest insects from entering your home. B. Doors should seal properly. If air can pass through or light can be seen through cracks around doors then insects or spiders can get in. -
Management of Arthropod Pathogen Vectors in North America: Minimizing Adverse Effects on Pollinators
Journal of Medical Entomology, 2017, 1–13 doi: 10.1093/jme/tjx146 Forum Forum Management of Arthropod Pathogen Vectors in North America: Minimizing Adverse Effects on Pollinators Howard S. Ginsberg,1,2 Timothy A. Bargar,3 Michelle L. Hladik,4 and Charles Lubelczyk5 1USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, University of Rhode Island, RI Field Station, Woodward Hall – PSE, Kingston, RI 02881 ([email protected]), 2Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected], 3USGS Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, 7920 NW 71st St., Gainesville, FL 32653 ([email protected]), 4USGS California Water Science Center, 6000 J St., Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 ([email protected]), and 5Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Vector-Borne Disease Laboratory, 81 Research Dr., Scarborough, ME 04074 ([email protected]) Subject Editor: Lars Eisen Received 26 April 2017; Editorial decision 19 June 2017 Abstract Tick and mosquito management is important to public health protection. At the same time, growing concerns about declines of pollinator species raise the question of whether vector control practices might affect pollinator populations. We report the results of a task force of the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign (NAPPC) that examined potential effects of vector management practices on pollinators, and how these pro- grams could be adjusted to minimize negative effects on pollinating species. The main types of vector control practices that might affect pollinators are landscape manipulation, biocontrol, and pesticide applications. Some current practices already minimize effects of vector control on pollinators (e.g., short-lived pesticides and application-targeting technologies). Nontarget effects can be further diminished by taking pollinator protection into account in the planning stages of vector management programs. -
Bot Fly (Cuterebrid) Prevalence and Intensity in Southern Illinois Peromyscus Species and a Comparison to the Literature
Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science received 7/30/14 (2015) Volume 108, pp. 1-3 accepted 1/26/15 Bot Fly (Cuterebrid) Prevalence and Intensity in Southern Illinois Peromyscus Species and a Comparison to the Literature Stephanie J Hayes, Eric J Holzmueller1, and Clayton K Nielsen Department of Forestry, Southern Illinois University, 1205 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL 62901 1corresponding author (email: [email protected]) ABSTRACT Cuterebrid are parasitic organisms on small mammals in North America. While infections are believed to be common, little has been published regarding the population dynamics of these insects. This study was conducted on the impact of a cuterbrid species on Peromy- scus spp. in upland hardwood forests in southern Illinois. Data were recorded and compiled to determine the species of cuterebrid pres- ent, the prevalence and intensity of infection, and possible causes for such a high infection rate. Infected individuals were trapped during late summer for three weeks. The species of cuterebrid was determined to be Cuterebra fontinella due to the seasonality of infection (late summer), location of infection (inguinal or genital region) within the host, and the species of host (Peromyscus spp.). Intensity was within the range of historical averages; however, prevalence was greater in this study than in previous similar studies. Though the exact cause is unknown, it is possible that an abnormally wet summer caused an increase in egg survivability before the peak infection season, leading to an increase in infection rates later in the year. Key words: central hardwood region, Cuterebra fontinella, Peromyscus, parasitic organism INTRODUCTION of Nature Environmental Center (UTM: for the presence of cuterebrid larvae and Bot flies are a group of parasitic insects 16S 308552, 4167338) in Jackson County the intensity of infection within the host. -
Natural Distribution of Parasitoids of Larvae of the Fall Armyworm, <I
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology Entomology, Department of 2009 Natural distribution of parasitoids of larvae of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in Argentina M Gabriela Murua Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres, CONICET Jamie Molina Ochoa Universidad de Colima, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Patricio Fidalgo CRILAR Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub Part of the Entomology Commons Murua, M Gabriela; Ochoa, Jamie Molina; and Fidalgo, Patricio, "Natural distribution of parasitoids of larvae of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in Argentina" (2009). Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology. 384. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub/384 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Journal of Insect Science: Vol. 9 | Article 20 Murúa et al. Natural distribution of parasitoids of larvae of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in Argentina M. Gabriela Murúaa,b, Jaime Molina-Ochoac,d and Patricio Fidalgoe aEstación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres, Sección Zoología Agrícola, CC 9, Las Talitas (T4101XAC), Tucumán, Argentina bCONICET cUniversidad de Colima, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Km. 40, autopista Colima-Manzanillo, Tecomán, Colima (28100), México dDepartment of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0816, USA eCRILAR (CONICET), entre Ríos y Mendoza s/n, Anillaco (5301), La Rioja, Argentina Abstract To develop a better understanding of the natural distribution of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and to update the knowledge of the incidence of its complex of parasitoids. -
1 a Checklist of Arthropods Associated with Rat Carrion in a Montane Locality
1 A checklist of arthropods associated with rat carrion in a montane locality of northern Venezuela. Yelitza Velásquez Laboratorio de Biología de Organismos, Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas. Apartado Postal 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela Tel.: +58-212-504.1052; fax: +58-212-504.1088; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract This is the first report of arthropods associated with carrion in Venezuela, using laboratory bred rats (Rattus norvegicus). Rat carcasses were exposed to colonization by arthropods in neighboring montane savanna and cloud forest habitats in the state of Miranda. The taxonomic composition of the arthropods varied between both ecosystems. Scarabaeidae, Silphidae, Micropezidae, Phoridae, Vespidae and one species of ant, were collected only in the cloud forest. Dermestes maculatus, Chrysomya albiceps, Termitidae and most species of ants, were found only in the savanna. Fourteen species were considered to be of primary forensic importance: Dermestes maculatus, Oxelytrum discicolle, Calliphora sp., Cochliomyia macellaria, Compsomyiops sp., Chrysomya albiceps, Phaenicia cuprina, P. sericata, P. eximia, Fannia sp., Puliciphora sp., Megaselia scalaris, Ravina sp. and Sarcophaga sp. Key words: Coleoptera, Diptera, Forensic entomology, Venezuela. Introduction There is relatively little information available regarding insects associated with animal carrion and human corpses in South America [1]. In Brazil, Moura et al. [2] made a preliminary analysis of the insects of medico-legal importance in Curitiba, in the state of 2 Paraná; Carvalho et al. [3] identified arthropods associated with pig carrion and human corpses in Campinas, in the state of São Paulo. Recently, forensic entomology was applied to estimate the postmortem interval (PMI) in homicide investigations by the Rio de Janeiro Police Department, Brasil [4]. -
IDENTIFICACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA Y MOLECULAR DE Cochliomyia Spp
UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR FACULTAD DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA Y ZOOTECNIA CARRERA DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA Y ZOOTECNIA “IDENTIFICACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA Y MOLECULAR DE Cochliomyia spp. DE LA COLECCIÓN CIENTÍFICA DEL CENTRO INTERNACIONAL DE ZOONOSIS” Trabajo de Grado presentado como requisito para optar por el Título de Médico Veterinario Zootecnista AUTOR: Jenny Soraya Carrillo Toro TUTOR: Dr. Richar Iván Rodríguez Hidalgo Ph.D. Quito, Mayo, 2015 ii DEDICATORIA A mis padres y abuelos por su esfuerzo, sacrificio e incondicional apoyo, han sido un ejemplo de superación y lucha en mi vida; además con su templanza han sabido mostrarme el camino para alcanzar una meta; también a mi hermano Fernando y a mi compañero Roberto quienes a pesar de las circunstancias adversas han estado ahí durante mi carrera profesional. Jenny iii AGRADECIMIENTOS Quiero expresar mi más sincero agradecimiento Al Dr. Richar Rodríguez por brindarme la oportunidad de formar parte de su Proyecto y, a la vez, ser tutor de esta investigación. A todos mis profesores que, de una u otra forma, me brindaron sus conocimientos y experiencias para mi formación a lo largo de esta carrera. Agradezco al personal científico del Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, especialmente al Ing. Gustavo Echeverría, Dr. Juan Carlos Navarro y a la MSc. Sandra Enríquez, cuyos conocimientos me han enriquecido y han permitido concluir este proyecto. A mis padres, hermano y a mi compañero Diego Cushicóndor, quienes contribuyeron, directa e indirectamente, para la materialización y finalización de este proyecto de tesis. iv AUTORIZACIÓN DE LA AUTORÍA INTELECTUAL v INFORME DEL TUTOR vi APROBACIÓN DEL TRABAJO/TRIBUNAL “IDENTIFICACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA Y MOLECULAR DE Cochliomyia spp. -
Influence of Temperature and Host on Life History Parameters
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Influence of Temperature and Host on Life History Parameters of Catolaccus Hunteri (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) 1 2 DAKSHINA R. SEAL, PHILIP A. STANSLY, AND DAVID J. SCHUSTER University of Florida-IFAS, Tropical Research and Education Center, Homestead, FL 33033 Environ. Entomol. 31(2): 354Ð360 (2002) ABSTRACT Catolaccus hunteri Crawford is an external parasitoid of cryptic Coleoptera, particularly of Bruchidae and Curculionidae in ßowerbuds, small fruits, and seeds. It is the most common parasitoid of the pepper weevil, Anthonomus eugenii Cano, in the United States, Mexico, and elsewhere, and was introduced from Guatemala to Hawaii for control of this pest. Studies were conducted to assess effects of temperature and host on life history parameters of C. hunteri as a step toward eventual mass rearing and inoculative release for pepper weevil control. Oviposition, postovipostion period and adult longevity were shorter at 30ЊC than at 20 or 25ЊC. Mean number of eggs oviposited per female was greater at the lower temperatures than at the highest temperature. Duration of all development stages was shorter at 30ЊC than at 20 and 25ЊC. Developmental period of C. hunteri was longer and adult longevity was shorter on boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, than any other host. Female wasps laid most eggs on the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), larvae. Transferring of C. hunteri reared on C. maculatus to pepper weevil or boll weevil caused a reduction in the mean number of eggs/female. Age-speciÞc life tables and age-speciÞc fecundity for C. hunteri were analyzed using three constant temperature regimes and Þve sources of host. -
No Slide Title
Tachinidae: The “other” parasitoids Diego Inclán University of Padova Outline • Briefly (re-) introduce parasitoids & the parasitoid lifestyle • Quick survey of dipteran parasitoids • Introduce you to tachinid flies • major groups • oviposition strategies • host associations • host range… • Discuss role of tachinids in biological control Parasite vs. parasitoid Parasite Life cycle of a parasitoid Alien (1979) Life cycle of a parasitoid Parasite vs. parasitoid Parasite Parasitoid does not kill the host kill its host Insects life cycles Life cycle of a parasitoid Some facts about parasitoids • Parasitoids are diverse (15-25% of all insect species) • Hosts of parasitoids = virtually all terrestrial insects • Parasitoids are among the dominant natural enemies of phytophagous insects (e.g., crop pests) • Offer model systems for understanding community structure, coevolution & evolutionary diversification Distribution/frequency of parasitoids among insect orders Primary groups of parasitoids Diptera (flies) ca. 20% of parasitoids Hymenoptera (wasps) ca. 70% of parasitoids Described Family Primary hosts Diptera parasitoid sp Sciomyzidae 200? Gastropods: (snails/slugs) Nemestrinidae 300 Orth.: Acrididae Bombyliidae 5000 primarily Hym., Col., Dip. Pipunculidae 1000 Hom.:Auchenorrycha Conopidae 800 Hym:Aculeata Lep., Orth., Hom., Col., Sarcophagidae 1250? Gastropoda + others Lep., Hym., Col., Hem., Tachinidae > 8500 Dip., + many others Pyrgotidae 350 Col:Scarabaeidae Acroceridae 500 Arach.:Aranea Hym., Dip., Col., Lep., Phoridae 400?? Isop.,Diplopoda -
Uniting Micro- with Macroevolution Into an Extended Synthesis: Reintegrating Life’S Natural History Into Evolution Studies
Uniting Micro- with Macroevolution into an Extended Synthesis: Reintegrating Life’s Natural History into Evolution Studies Nathalie Gontier Abstract The Modern Synthesis explains the evolution of life at a mesolevel by identifying phenotype–environmental interactions as the locus of evolution and by identifying natural selection as the means by which evolution occurs. Both micro- and macroevolutionary schools of thought are post-synthetic attempts to evolution- ize phenomena above and below organisms that have traditionally been conceived as non-living. Microevolutionary thought associates with the study of how genetic selection explains higher-order phenomena such as speciation and extinction, while macroevolutionary research fields understand species and higher taxa as biological individuals and they attribute evolutionary causation to biotic and abiotic factors that transcend genetic selection. The microreductionist and macroholistic research schools are characterized as two distinct epistemic cultures where the former favor mechanical explanations, while the latter favor historical explanations of the evolu- tionary process by identifying recurring patterns and trends in the evolution of life. I demonstrate that both cultures endorse radically different notions on time and explain how both perspectives can be unified by endorsing epistemic pluralism. Keywords Microevolution · Macroevolution · Origin of life · Evolutionary biology · Sociocultural evolution · Natural history · Organicism · Biorealities · Units, levels and mechanisms of evolution · Major transitions · Hierarchy theory But how … shall we describe a process which nobody has seen performed, and of which no written history gives any account? This is only to be investigated, first, in examining the nature of those solid bodies, the history of which we want to know; and 2dly, in exam- ining the natural operations of the globe, in order to see if there now actually exist such operations, as, from the nature of the solid bodies, appear to have been necessary to their formation. -
Descripción De Las Larvas II, III Y El Pupario De Compsomyiops Fulvicrura (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
ISSN 0373-5680 Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent. 65 (1-2): 87-99, 2006 87 Descripción de las larvas II, III y el pupario de Compsomyiops fulvicrura (Diptera: Calliphoridae) TRIGO, A. Verónica. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales (MACN). Laboratorio de Entomología Forense. Av. A. Gallardo 470. C1405DJR Buenos Aires, .Argentina; e-mail: [email protected] Description of the larvae II, III, and the puparium of Compsomyiops fulvicrura (Diptera: Calliphoridae) ABSTRACT. The larvae II, III, and the puparium of Compsomyiops fulvicrura (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) are described. The material was collected in Tandil (Buenos Aires, Argentina), during an experiment on sarcosaprophagous faunal succession. New diagnostic characters of C. fulvicrura, Calliphora vicina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830), Phaenicia sericata (Meigen, 1826), Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775), and Paralucilia pseudolyrcea (Mello, 1969) are given that may be found on a corpse. KEY WORDS: Compsomyiops fulvicrura. Description of larvae. Calliphoridae. RESUMEN. Se describen las larvas II, III y el pupario de Compsomyiops fulvicrura (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830). El material se capturó en Tandil (Buenos Aires, Argentina), durante un experimento de sucesión de fauna sarcosaprófaga. Se aportan nuevos caracteres diagnósticos de C. fulvicrura, Calliphora vicina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830), Phaenicia sericata (Meigen, 1826), Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775) y Paralucilia pseudolyrcea (Mello, 1969) que se pueden hallar sobre un cadáver. PALABRAS CLAVE: Compsomyiops fulvicrura. Descripción