Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis CMCA | 2013-2014 01 14 From the Director Impacting on Industry 02 15 Affliations Research Highlights 04 16 Techniques User Profile 06 19 Feature Story Centre Highlights 07 24 Research Highlights Staff 08 25 Biological and Conferences Biomedical Sciences and Visits 10 27 Earth Sciences Journal Papers 12 Inside Cover Image: Antarctic ‘Hair Grass’ Physical Sciences root cross-section, showing the arrangement of cells. Image by Assoc. Professor Peta Clode. 13 Cover Image: X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) of teeth from the Research Usage and marine mollusc Acanthopleura hirtosa. Data Training captured on a Zeiss Versa 520 XRM. Image visualised using Drishti software. Image acquired by Dr Jeremy Shaw at CMCA. From the Director

There is an ever-increasing appreciation of the new scientific opportunities enabled by convergence – the coming together of scientific insights and approaches from originally Image: CMCA Director - separate fields. This convergence Professor David Sampson provides the power to think beyond In Western Australia, CMCA is usual paradigms and to approach promoting convergence amongst the issues informed by many perspectives local research community. Through its instead of few. Convergent research is membership of the National Resource driving the solution of the most difficult Sciences Precinct, it is participating problems facing us as a society today. in a seamless integration of the resource science Characterisation CMCA is a convergence research infrastructures of CSIRO, Curtin organisation, engaged in synthesizing University and CMCA. It is also poised and integrating all areas of science to level the science infrastructure – pouring the traditional disciplines playing field in WA, with a landmark in Biological Sciences, Biomedical agreement with Murdoch University Sciences, Earth Sciences, and Physical to provide its researchers with the Sciences into a large melting pot. In same access to CMCA facilities as 2014, CMCA’s Associate Professor Matt UWA researchers. Kilburn, a geologist who leads the AMMRF Flagship Ion Probe Facility, No area of science epitomises the took his sabbatical at Harvard Medical opportunity and need for convergence School, to advance his understanding more than the biosciences. CMCA of how a geoscience tool, the has traditionally not gone beyond NanoSIMS 50, might be applied to examining cells, an artificial and biomedical research – convergence increasingly restrictive barrier in in action. 2015. Molecular analysis of single cells represents an important area of future Convergence implies breadth and investment. And to capitalise on its bio- such breadth is in evidence in similar mass spectrometry capability, CMCA core facilities around the country, is currently in the advanced stages especially in Go8 universities. Several of integrating with the UWA node of universities, such as Monash and Metabolomics Australia, which will see UNSW, have already established broad, a great enhancement in its molecular integrated core facilities. Others, such science capability, supporting as Melbourne, Sydney, and UQ, have leading UWA research in plant biology placed their science infrastructure and medicine. under the spotlight seeking to better integrate, coordinate and link. And So why do we do all this? Well, CMCA the drive to do this was present in is all about its users – about helping the national framework as far back to make your research better – about as the 2011 Strategic Roadmap for making sure you can access the Australian Research Infrastructure, facilities and expertise you need, when which highlighted the future need you need it, across the board. Working for interaction between research together, we can make your great priorities and capabilities. As a broad research even greater. and integrated organisation, CMCA has remained ahead of this national curve.

cmca.uwa.edu.au 1 Image: Electrospun chitosan nanofibres in Affiliations neural network type structure taken by Michael Bradshaw, PhD student on Zeiss 1555 VP-SEM at the CMCA UWA. The CMCA is a focus for microscopy, characterisation and microanalysis activities across Western Australia and, through Australian Microscopy and strong links and collaborations, Microanalysis Research has an excellent reputation both Facility (AMMRF) nationally and internationally. Western Australian Centre for Microscopy (WACM) Established under the Commonwealth Established in 1963 as a Government’s National Collaborative science infrastructure facility Together The University of Western Research Infrastructure Strategy within The University of Australia, Murdoch University, Curtin (NCRIS), AMMRF is Australia’s Western Australia to support University, and Edith Cowan University peak research facility for the research activity, the Centre form the Western Australian Centre for characterisation of materials has a long and distinguished Microscopy (WACM). These four publicly through advanced microscopy record of collaboration with funded universities have a very strong and microanalysis. The AMMRF researchers, industry and and long collaborative history in regard facilitates access for all Australian government agencies in the to electron microscopy and related researchers to world-class equipment, provision of research expertise facilities, which is presently defined instrumentation and expertise through and technology. by the 2010-2015 Memorandum of a national grid of nodes with varying Understanding (MoU). microscopy capabilities and an array Its world-class facilities, with of flagship instrument platforms at the a replacement cost of $50M, This agreement between the partner international cutting edge. comprise an extensive range of institutions sees CMCA acting as microscopy, microanalysis and the hub for microscopy activities The CMCA is the West Australian node imaging instruments across in the State, and strong cross of the AMMRF and features the flagship six sites. institutional support for infrastructure ion probe capabilities, which consist acquisition and management. of the NanoSIMS50 and IMS 1280 and The basis of the WACM MoU is that a second NanoSIMS50L funded by the major capital infrastructure must be National Resource Science Precinct, is shared to achieve the most cost- due to arrive in mid-2015. Each of these efficient utilisation. instruments is unique to the Southern Hemisphere. Under the terms of the MoU, researchers from all of the partner The CMCA also collaborates with the universities can access the John de Laeter Centre, which enjoys grouped facilities of WACM without linked laboratory status in the AMMRF, discrimination. This agreement has led in the management and operation of to another landmark agreement with Western Australia’s ion probe facilities. Murdoch University to cross subsidise its researchers access to CMCA.

2 The University of Western Australia National Imaging Facility (NIF)

Established under NCRIS and expanded under the Commonwealth Government’s Education Investment Fund(EIF), the National Imaging Facility provides state-of-the-art imaging capability of animals, plants and materials for the Australian research community. National Resource In 2009, CMCA became the Western Sciences Precinct Australian node of the facility, the first organisation to host two NCRIS The National Resource Sciences capabilities. The facility features Australian National Precinct (NRSP) is a collaboration leading edge imaging capabilities for Fabrication Facility (ANFF) between CSIRO, Curtin University and Western Australia including in vivo The University of Western Australia (UWA) to connect the world’s best micro-CT, multispectral imaging, Established under NCRIS, the researchers with industry and and X-ray microscopy, as well as the Australian National Fabrication Facility government to tackle some of the flagship 30cmbore 9.4 T MRI located (ANFF) provides researchers and most complex challenges facing the at CMCA@Perkins in the Harry Perkins industry with access to state-of-the-art resource industry. The Federal Minister Institiute of Medical Research, at the fabrication facilities. QEII medical Centre. for Industry, the Hon Ian Macfarlane MP, officially launched the National The capability provided by ANFF Resource Sciences Precinct on Tuesday enables users to process hard materials 8 April 2014. (metals, composites and ceramics) AuScope and soft materials (polymers and CMCA’s role within the NRSP will polymer-biological moieties) and be to help establish the Advanced AuScope is a characterisation transform these into structures Resources Characterisation Facility capability funded through the that have application in sensors, (ARCF). Funded by CSIRO’s Science and National Collaborative Research medical devices, nanophotonics and Industry Endowment Fund (SIEF), the Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS) with nanoelectronics. ARCF will install and operate state- a focus on establishing world-class of-the-art analytical instrumentation research infrastructure to characterise The CMCA houses the Panalytical for high-end research in the resources the structure and evolution of the Empyrean powder diffractometer. industry. CMCA will augment its Australian continent in a global context world-class Ion Probe Facility with a from surface to core in space and time. new NanoSIMS 50L. Curtin University will install a LEAP 4000 for atom probe In partnership with the AMMRF, the tomography, which CSIRO will develop Government of Western Australia its Maia mapper XRF detector to and UWA, AuScope enabled the operate with the need for synchrotron establishment of the world-class ion radiation. CMCA’s new NanoSIMS will microprobe facility at CMCA, for the arrive in mid-2015. benefit of all Australian researchers.

cmca.uwa.edu.au 3 .

Techniques

The CMCA provides the capabilities to characterise the continuum from atoms to small animals.

Scanning Electron Microsopy yySecondary and Scanning Probe backscattered Microscopy electron imaging yyConfocal Raman yyX-ray microanalysis Biological Mass microscopy Spectrometry yyAtomic Force yyElectron and microscopy Nuclear Magnetic chemical ionisation yy X-ray Diffraction Nanoindentation Resonance Spectroscopy yyFast atom Transmission yyCharge density yy Multi dimensional bombardment Electron Microscopy measurement spectra yyAnalytical spectroscopy yyPowder X-ray yyMultinuclear spectra yyDiffraction diffraction yySolid state spectra yyElement mapping yySmall molecule yyImaging structure determination yyTomography yyThin film analysis, XRD phase analysis, rocking curve analysis

4 The University of Western Australia Image: 100um-thick sections of a new perennial herbaceous pasture legume. Stems were prepared on a vibratome and images taken on the zeiss axioskop optical microscope. Images: Peta Clode.

Data Management, Analysis and Visualisation yyData analysis yyImage processing Specimen and reconstruction . Preparation yyBiological sciences yyCryogenic preparation NIF Bioimaging yyPhysical sciences Facility yyNIF Flagship MRI yyMulti spectral imaging Flow yyX-ray micro- Cytometry computed yyCell sorting tomography yyPopulation analysis

X-ray microscopy yyMicroscale yyIn vivo

Optical and Confocal Microscopy yyConfocal, multiphoton and fluoresence microscopy AMMRF Flagship yyLaser microdissection Ion Probe Facility yy yyNanoscale mass Live cell imaging yy spectrometry Automated digital yyHigh-precision histology isotope ratios

cmca.uwa.edu.au 5 Feature Story CMCA moves into the Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research

The 2015 New Year brought improves efficiency and productivity acquisition and support of world-class the long-awaited relocation of for researchers, and also allows staff infrastructure (and many firsts for WA!) CMCA@QEII from M-Block into to train and support instruments including the live-animal Bioimaging purpose-designed, integrated across multiple platforms, creating Facility, Influx single-cell sorter, Aperio facilities on level 3 of the a more effective and user-friendly digital slide scanners, Australian Harry Perkins Building. The research setting. National Imaging Facility flagship move brings together CMCA’s 9.4 T MRI scanner, and most recently a cytometry, optical, and live The relocation also sees the CMCA Fluidigm mass cytometer. animal imaging infrastructure, Biomedical Applications Group staff offices and data analysis centralised with the local biomedical In addition, researchers have access facilities onto a single floor. community, providing better support to instruments in CMCA@Physics, CMCA@Perkins is now home to to CMCA’s growing number of users including recently commissioned SEM four academics and five research in biomedical research programs. and TEM facilities, and our Australian staff supporting 19 instruments, Introduction of the new Research Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility plus data management, analysis, Group Subscription for 2015 is also (AMMRF) flagship SIMS facility, and and visualisation. proving popular with biomedical in CMCA@Bayliss featuring newly research groups, by facilitating upgraded 500 MHz and 600 MHz The open lab environment is more affordable access for multiple NMR spectrometers. facilitating interaction between users with low hourly requirements. researchers (and staff!) who CMCA continues to demonstrate previously were in isolated labs commitment to facilitating biomedical dispersed over two floors. This research excellence through

Image: Dr Kirk Feindel Image: Dr Tamara Abel

6 The University of Western Australia Research Highlights

08 09 10 12 Biological Sciences Biomedical Sciences Earth Sciences Physical Sciences

Image: X-ray microscopy of gecko head (~1 cm long) – Acquired by Dr Jeremy Shaw, sample supplied by Assoc. Professor Matt Kilburn (CMCA).

cmca.uwa.edu.au 7 Biological Sciences Tiny plastic dwellers have big impact on our oceans

Microscopic creatures that live on The good news is that some of the Ms Reisser’s PhD surveys were tiny ocean plastics greatly affect plastic inhabitants may decrease conducted aboard vessels of the the fate and ecological impacts of plastic pollution level at the sea Marine National Facility, Australian marine plastic pollution, according surface, where major environmental Institute of Marine Science, and to researchers from The University of impacts occur. Austral Fisheries. She is receiving an Western Australia. International Postgraduate Research Study co-author Dr Jeremy Shaw said Scholarship and a CSIRO Wealth from PhD candidate Julia Reisser and large numbers of silica-forming algae Oceans Top-Up Scholarship. colleagues have published an article weighed down their plastic host, in the international journal PLOS One potentially causing tiny pieces to sink J. Reisser, J. Shaw, C. Wilcox, B. D. Hardesty, M. Proietti, M. Thums, C. that contributed many new records of to the bottom of the ocean. Pattiaratchi. Marine plastic pollution in microbes and invertebrates living on waters around Australia: Characteristics, concentrations, and pathways. sand-sized marine plastics. The researchers were also able to see PLOS One 8(11): e80466, 2013. colonies of microbes that seem to be Professor Chari Pattiaratchi, Ms “eating plastics”. Reisser’s PhD supervisor, said there were huge numbers of floating plastics “Plastic biodegradation seems to at sea and the study was the first to happen at sea. I am excited about this Image: Diatoms (green) and bacteria (pink) living on ocean plastic. This is a document biological communities on because the ‘plastic-eating’ microbes false coloured SEM image of part of the pieces from Australian waters. could provide solutions for better surface of a 5 mm long piece of plastic (yellow) from waters off eastern Tasmania, waste disposal practices on land,” Ms Australia. The tiny ocean plastics come from the Reisser said. CREDIT: Julia Reisser and Jeremy Shaw breakdown of discarded plastic items, such as single-use packaging and But she also said “epiplastic” organisms fishing gear. could also make ocean plastics more attractive as food for animals, inducing More than 1000 images were taken plastic ingestion and negative impacts. while examining ocean plastics from Furthermore, species living on ocean Australia-wide sample collections plastic could disperse across oceans, using a scanning electron microscope potentially invading new habitats and at UWA’s Centre for Microscopy, impacting local ecosystems. Characterisation and Analysis.

8 The University of Western Australia Image: A myotube (cultured muscle fibre) acquired by Monique Berendse using the BioRad MRC 1000/1024 UV Confocal Microscope. Biomedical Sciences Alpha-1 adrenoceptors on peripheral nerve fibres may contribute to pain

Complex regional pain syndrome distribution of alpha-1 adrenoceptors after their blockade). He said that is a difficult problem for patients (a target for the sympathetic “alpha-1 adrenoceptors appear to play to endure and for clinicians to treat neurotransmitter noradrenaline) in a role in about one quarter of patients because mechanisms are not fully peripheral nerve fibres in an animal with complex regional pain syndrome.” understood. Patients are often highly model of pain involving sciatic nerve These patients might benefit most from anxious because the pain may spread injury, and in patients whose chronic sympathetic blockade. away from the initial site of injury and pain began after a similar type of gradually get worse. As well, pain injury (Drummond et al., 2014). Both This study was supported by grants often intensifies during psychological in the experimental model and in from the National Health and Medical stress and even after a sudden patients with complex regional pain Research Council and from the fright (e.g., a car horn or the phone syndrome, there was evidence of an Australian and New Zealand College ringing unexpectedly). increased number of receptors on of Anaesthetists, and was assisted by sensory nerve fibres in painful skin UWA staff at the Centre for Microscopy, Historically, the typical approach (see Figures 1 and 2). As stimulating Characterisation and Analysis. to treatment involved repeated alpha-1 adrenoceptors increases the injections of local anaesthetic drugs excitability of these nerves, these Reference: P.D. Drummond, E.S. Drummond, L.F. into the sympathetic ganglia supplying findings may explain why pain often Dawson, V. Mitchell, P.M. Finch, C.W. the injured area to block activity in increases during psychological stress, Vaughan, J.K. Phillips. Up-regulation of 1-adrenoceptors on cutaneous nerve sympathetic nerves. This approach was and why pain occasionally decreases fibres after partial sciatic nerve ligation supported by many well-controlled after sympathetic blockade. andα in complex regional pain syndrome type II. Pain 155: 606-616, 2014. experiments in animal models of pain but, in the absence of rigorous clinical Professor Drummond said that in his data, recently fell from favour. However, view “sympathetic blocks should be α some new findings suggest that the considered when there is convincing Image 2. Alpha-1 adrenoceptor ( 1-AR) expression was also up-regulated on approach might work, at least in evidence that alpha-1 adrenoceptors axons in the sciatic nerve labelled with certain cases. contribute to pain.” This might require the pain-marker IB4 at 4 days after partial sciatic nerve lesion (PSL) (A-D) in diagnostic injections of adrenergic comparison to sciatic nerve after sham Professor Peter Drummond and drugs into painful skin to assess surgery (E-H). Arrows show axons that are co-labelled with IB4 and the pan-neuronal colleagues at Murdoch University whether pain changes in the expected marker TUJ1, and which also have up- used immunohistochemistry and way (i.e., increasing after stimulation of regulated expression of α1-AR. Scale bar confocal microscopy to examine the = 50 μm. Adapted with permission from alpha-1 adrenoceptors and decreasing Drummond et al. (2014).

Image 1. Alpha-1 adrenoceptor ( 1-AR) expression (red) was up-regulated in dermal nerve bundles in skin ipsilateral to partial sciatic nerve lesion (PSL). Nerve αfibres were identified using the pan-neuronal marker TUJ1 (blue). Adapted with permission from Drummond et al. (2014).

cmca.uwa.edu.au 9 Earth Sciences Ion probe finds evidence for ancient microbial metabolism

How and when microbial life arose on Earth, and what metabolic pathways it used, are not known. What is known is that life was present on the Earth before the oldest preserved rocks were formed. At this time, and prior to about 2.4 billion years ago, the Earth’s atmosphere and oceans contained effectively no oxygen and had very different chemistries than they have today. The physical remains of microbial organisms are seldom preserved in rocks formed prior to 2.4 billion years, however the presence Image: Carbonate-associated pyrite showing SIMS analysis pits m of life can be deduced either from (30 x 30 m) and sulphur isotope results mineralized structures preserved new study of rocks of similar age from from the Brazilian rocks suggests within ancient sedimentary rocks, or Brazil has found strong fractionations levels <1% of modern values. Why then from more subtle signs in the chemical interpreted to be associated with do the Brazilian rocks record such signatures of such rocks. In particular, microbial sulfate reduction. These strong evidence for sulfate reducers? the fractionation of sulfur isotopes can results were published in the leading The answer may lie in a difference in provide clues to the sources of sulfur journal, Science. sedimentary environment compared in ancient rocks, and whether life was with the rocks from Western Australia involved in their formation. The AMMRF Flagship Cameca IMS 1280 and South Africa. They are interpreted ion microprobe, housed in CMCA and to have been deposited in deep water Sulfur has four stable isotopes: 32S managed by John Cliff, was pivotal to in the open ocean, and comprise (95.02%), 34S (4.21%), 33S (0.75%) and 36S this study in providing high-resolution mixed carbonate rocks and shales. (0.02%). Life has a strong preference sulfur isotope analyses of the Brazilian The Brazilian rocks are carbonates and for the lighter 32S over 34S and rocks. The study was undertaken may have been deposited in shallower therefore biological processes result by Iadviga Zhelezinskaia, a doctoral water in a restricted setting, barred in a fractionation of the two most student of Prof. James Farquhar of from the open ocean. The sulfate levels common isotopes. Sulfide minerals, the University of Maryland who spent in the water may become enriched by such as pyrite (FeS2), that result from some months at CMCA in 2012 as a evaporation in such an environment, biological activity therefore have less Gleddon Fellow hosted by Dr Cliff. leading to the enhanced signal of than the natural abundance of 34S, Leading questions arising from the the presence of sulfate-reducing and pyrites with depleted 34S are good study are what was the sulfate content microbes. A test of this hypothesis will indicators of the presence of sulfate- of the Neoarchean ocean, and why come from sulfur-isotope studies of reducing microbes. Micro-organisms do the results from the Brazilian shallow-water carbonate rocks from using a sulfate-reducing metabolism rocks differ from those from Western the Western Australian and South are believed to have evolved very early Australia and South Africa? The sulfate African sequences. in Earth history, and therefore they content of the early oceans is hotly should have been well established debated, but is generally agreed to I. Zhelezinskaia, A.J. Kaufman, by the Neoarchean period, 2.8-2.5 J. Farquhar, J. Cliff. Large sulphur be much lower than today because isotope fractionations associated with billion years ago. Against this, sulfur of the lack of oxidative weathering of Neoarchean microbial sulfate reduction. isotope studies of well-preserved Science 346: 742-744, 2014. continental rocks. The lack of evidence Neoarchean rocks from Western for well-established sulfate-reducing Australia’s Hamersley Province, and microbes in the Neoarchean has been similar rocks from the Transvaal in attributed by some researchers to South Africa, do not have strong signals the low levels of sulfate in seawater at of sulfate-reducing life, however a that time, and modelling of the results

10 The University of Western Australia Viruses in fossils

Viruses are the most abundant high diversity in modern microbial The ability to identify viruses in the biological entities throughout marine mats from lakes in Brazil. Then, by geological record has wide ranging and terrestrial ecosystems, but performing ageing experiments on implications because viruses are little is known about virus–mineral the microbial mats, which lasted for important agents of genetic exchange interactions or the fossil record up to three years, they were able to and mortality for all life forms, of viruses. demonstrate that mineral precipitation playing fundamental roles in global took place directly on free viruses biogeochemical cycles. Viruses also Dr David Wacey and Assoc. Prof. and, as a result of viral infections, on serve as gene reservoirs that allow Matt Kilburn from the AMMRF at cellular debris. The initial minerals their hosts to adapt to changing the University of Western Australia that precipitated in the vicinity of ecological niches, hence they may have (UWA), along with collaborators from viruses were amorphous magnesium been instrumental in promoting the Switzerland, France and Italy, have silicates. With further ageing they evolution of early microbial ecosystems shown for the first time that viruses then altered to magnesium carbonate on Earth and elsewhere. can act as sites of mineral precipitation nanospheres of around 80–200 in microbial mats, and in so doing nanometres in diameter. These modern M. Pacton, D. Wacey, C. Corinaldesi, M. Tangherlini, M.R. Kilburn, G.E. Gorin, R. they enhance their own preservation nano-spheres are remarkably similar Danovaro, C. Vasconcelos. Viruses as a potential in the fossil record. Microbial to enigmatic carbonate nanospheres new agent of organomineralisation in the geological record. Nature Communications mats, are one of Earth’s most primitive that are relatively common 5: 4298, 2014. and enduring ecosystems. throughout the geological record. Previous interpretations of ancient The team used a combination of nanospheres suggested that they high resolution microscopy including might be mineralised nano-bacteria, scanning and transmission electron bacterial fragments or extra-cellular microscopy (S&TEM), and the flagship polymers; now it seems likely that NanoSIMS. They combined this with these nanospheres may in fact be data on virus genetics to show that ancient viruses. viruses occur in high numbers and with

500nm. 100nm. 300nm.

Image 1. Viruses at different stages of mineralisation. a) Bright field TEM image of non-mineralised viruses in the microbial mat. Black arrows point to icosahedral capsid structures characteristic of viruses. b) Bright field TEM image of early stage of mineralisation of a virus. The capsid structure (white arrow) is still visible but mineral precipitates (black arrow) are engulfing the virus. c) SEM image of late stage carbonate mineralisation of viruses. Some viruses still display a somewhat polygonal shape (arrows) reminiscent of the original capsid. Scale bars: 500 nm (a), 100 nm (b), and 300 nm (c).

500nm. 500nm. 500nm.

Image 2. NanoSIMS secondary ion images showing 12C14N-, 28Si- and RGB composite of the same region. The CN signal represents organic material, the Si signal represents mineralized material. The RGB composite (where red = organics; green = minerals; and blue = background film of the grid) helps visualize where there is co-location of elements. The dashed arrow points to partially mineralized cellular debris infected with viruses, while the plain arrow points to non-mineralised cellular material.

cmca.uwa.edu.au 11 Physical Sciences Nano-lasers for advanced photonics

into new areas such as biology. Via in short distance communications. One of UWA’s ARC Future Fellows, the use of a simple laser model, it can To lay the groundwork for additional Assoc. Prof. Martin Hill leads the be seen that small lasers based on applications, continued research work on new plasmonic nano-lasers dielectric and metallic cavities use will be necessary in nano-lasers, in at School of Electrical, Electronic different strategies to reduce the size their fundamental properties and and Computer Engineering. Martin of lasers. In general, small dielectric constituent materials, and in related is employing the microelectronic lasers employ cavities with long research areas that depend on small fabrication facilities at the UWA, photon lifetimes to reduce demands lasers and optical amplifiers such in particular Reactive Ion Etching, on the laser gain medium. In contrast, as plasmonics and nano-photonics. Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor metallic cavities typically have much Having access to facilities provided by Deposition, and metal deposition shorter photon lifetimes, often due the CMCA will play a vital role in the equipment, to produce new plasmonic to absorption in the metal. Increased development of this work. laser structures. confinement of the optical mode to the gain medium does however provide M.T. Hill and M. C. Gather, Advances in In recent years there have been small lasers. Nature Photonics 8(12): a design window in which lasing can 908-918, 2014 significant advances in the size and occur in the metallic structures, though characteristics of nano-lasers, i.e. the gain medium is still often pushed to lasers with dimensions or modes its limit. By analyzing results from many sizes close to, or smaller than, the publications on small lasers, Martin wavelength of emitted light. This work Hill and Malte Gather showed that, has primarily been led by innovative typically, dielectric small lasers have use of new materials and cavity cavities with dimensions and volumes designs. In a recently published review greater than the wavelength of light, article in the journal Nature Photonics and quality factors >1,000 whereas the Martin Hill and Malte Gather (from the cavities of metal based small lasers can University of St. Andrews) analyzed the be smaller than the wavelength of light, progress that has been made over the and have quality factors < 1,000. last few decades in the development of nano-lasers. Both the development Interest in making lasers smaller does time scales and size scales for the not seem to have been discouraged various laser types are shown, put in when established laser concepts context and compared, in order to approached the conventional clarify how the magnitude and speed of diffraction limit; on the contrary, miniaturization in lasers is occurring. recent years have clearly seen a very significant interest in making ever Image: SiN coated InP/InGaAs pillars The most dramatic progress has been approximately 200nm in diameter, after smaller and lower power lasers. High- they have had their gold encapsulation in the emergence of lasers made from impact applications where small size removed. The semiconductor small metallic structures, as well as heterostructure in the pillar and gold and low power are of key importance refinements in dielectric cavity lasers encapsulation form a metallic nano-cavity are starting to emerge, particularly with supports the lasing of the smallest and the beginning of their penetration electrically pumped lasers ever made. Credit: Cover, Nature Photonics 8(12) 2014

12 The University of Western Australia Research Usage and Training CMCA 2013 & 2014 - hours per technique

2013 - 2014 Number of hours per technique 2013 - 2014 Number of users per technique

350 350 Year 2013 Year 2013 16000 16000 Year 2014 Year 2014 160 160 Year 2014 Year 2014

300 300 Year 2014 Year 2014 Year 2013 Year 2013 Year 2013 Year 2013 14000 14000 140 140

250 250 12000 12000 120 120

200 200 10000 10000 100 100

8000 8000 80 80 150 150

6000 6000 60 60 100 100 4000 4000 40 40 50 50 Number of users per technique Number of hours per technique 2000 2000 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other OtherResearch ReseStudentarch - PGStudentStudent - PG - UGStudent - UG s s y y y y tr tr tr MStr ON ON Staff Staff MS NMRMS SEMNMR SPMSEM TEMSPM XRDTEM XRD NMRMS SEMNMR SPMSEM TEMSPM XRDTEM XRD Optical Optical OPC OPC Cytome Cytome Cytome Cytome BioImaging IonBioImagin Probe g Ion Probe BioImaging CellBioImaging Sorting Cell Sorting Technique Technique

2013 - 2014 Number of people trained

350 Year 2013 16000 Year 2014 160 Year 2014

300 Year 2014 Year 2013 Year 2013 14000 140

250 12000Usage 2013 2014 120

200 10000Users 468 438 100

8000Hours 53,195 59,010 80 150

6000 60 100 4000 40

Number of people trained 50 2000 20 0 0 0 Other Research Student - PG Student - UG s y y tr tr ON Staff MS NMR SEM SPM TEM XRD MS NMR SEM SPM TEM XRD Optical OPC Cytome Cytome Category of trainees BioImaging Ion Probe BioImaging Cell Sorting

The number of hours used across the facilities remained strong over the 2013-2014 period, with ~53000 and ~59000 hours utilised each year, respectively. In particular, the Bioimaging and Ion Probe platforms usage increased significantly as uptake of these systems continues to grow within the research community. SEM remained the most heavily utilised area, with >14000h conducted in 2014 across four instrument platforms. Similarly, the number of users remained consistently high across all platforms over the 2013-2014 period, with new instruments in the SPM space particularly resulting in increased user interest. CMCA continued to contribute strongly to research training with almost 1000 users trained over the 2013-2014 period. Within this, more than half of those trained were research students.

cmca.uwa.edu.au 13 Impacting on Industry Research develops CMCA has a long history of partnering with industry from small scale analysis, cosmetic products: instrument hire and training of individuals, to large scale consulting and complex research contracts worth hundreds of thousands of dollars. Who would have thought the shampoo you used this morning had Access is tailored to the needs of your organisation or project and we welcome been through a NanoSIMS, AMMRF queries on how we can apply our expertise and world class instrumentation to your flagship instrument at UWA? Well, problem solving initiatives. strictly speaking it hasn’t – but as part of Procter and Gamble’s (P&G) During 2013–2014, CMCA served the needs of the following industry through ongoing research to develop better contracted engagement: cosmetic products, a small fraction of its molecules may well have done so! Energy and Biomedical and minerals miscellaneous CMCA’s Ion Mass Spectrometer facility is the only one in the world running two Cameca nanoSIMS and one IMS • Alcoa World Alumina • Antaria 1280 instruments together. Led by • CSIRO Earth Science & Resource • Bambury Product Development Associate Professor Matt Kilburn, the Engineering • Canningvale Australia facility operates three of less than • Department of Mines and Petroleum • Department of Fisheries WA seventy of these active instruments • Geological Survey of WA • Epichem worldwide, illustrating a key factor • Oilfield Production Technologies • Fertility Specialists of WA in why Dr. Haibo Jiang came from • Paladin Resources • Pivet Oxford University to Australia and • Parsons Brinckerhoff Australia • Proteomics International UWA, bringing with him an important • Thundelarra Exploration • RPH – Cell & Tissue Therapies industry collaboration. Environmental and International engineering Getting back to the shampoo… CMCA is providing analysis on the • Procter & Gamble penetration of specific molecules into • Analytical Reference Laboratories • PV Consulting hair for P&G. The NanoSIMS technique • Botanic Gardens and Parks • International Atomic Energy Agency allows high resolution visualisation Authority (IAEA) • GHD of stable isotope labeled molecules. • Glossop Consultancy These molecules act the same as the • Matrix Composites & Engineering unaltered molecules because this • Safety Rescue Technologies specific labelling does not alter their Australia behavioural characteristics. Even • Site Environmental & Remediation though P&G have very specialised Services instruments in their own labs, • SLR Consulting Australia including ToF-SIMS and electron • TSW Analytical microscopes, CMCA’s instruments provide a unique high resolution analysis which is very important to this research. This is just another

Image: Inner aspect of the MOA Eggshell of example of how cutting edge research the extinct elephant bird from Madagascar expertise and instrumentation is aquired at CMCA by Dr. Paul Rigby. benefitting industry outcomes and accessibility in a global context.

14 The University of Western Australia Research Highlights 16 17 User Profile Grant Success

Image: Reverse osmosis membrane image courtesy of Dr. Einar Fridjonnson and Prof. Michael Johns, School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, UWA - important for understanding/preventing fouling of membranes used in desalination plants. Acquired on the Bruker BioSpec 94/30 MR.I

cmca.uwa.edu.au 15 User Profile

Professor Michael Johns, Deputy Dean (Education), Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Undertaking applied research across can rely on the Australian National the resources sectors benefits Imaging Facility (NIF) flagship high- enormously from access to cutting- field 9.4 T (400 MHz) MRI scanner edge measurement science. This located in CMCA@Perkins. The 9.4 is particularly true of the range of T magnet has a large 30 cm bore, research activities currently conducted three different sizes of imaging in the Fluid Science and Resources gradients, and a range of imaging Research Group (www.fsr.ecm. coils to accommodate a wide array uwa.edu.au/) in the UWA School of of experimental setups. For example, Mechanical and Chemical Engineering. Dr Einar Fridjonsson has utilized Professor Michael Johns This group is co-led by Prof Mike Johns CMCA to complete high-resolution Professor Johns said “There is no and Prof Eric May and consists of 8 MRI experiments on reverse osmosis doubt that access to state-of-the-art, research fellows and 21 PhD students. membrane systems (ROMS), which are multi-million dollar facilities hosted by used in industrial desalination plants. CMCA is a great asset to researchers Professor Johns relocated his Identifying and optimizing when ROMS in WA. A key feature that enables research group from the University require cleaning or replacement can researchers to make the most of the of Cambridge to join The University significantly improve plant efficiency facilities is the expert advice provided of Western Australia (UWA) in March and reduce operational costs. Prof. by CMCA academic staff and on-the- 2011. At Cambridge, much of his Johns’ team is working toward a low- ground support by CMCA research and research, as part of the Magnetic cost NMR-based mobile technology technical staff.” Resonance Research Centre (MRRC), solution for ealy detection. Dr Sarah involved the development and Vogt and PhD candidate Kumarini application of quantitative and rapid Seneviratne have also benefited magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from access to UWA’s flagship 9.4 T methods for a suite of industrial MRI facility, enabling the freeze-out processes/systems including rock process of liquefied natural gas (LNG) core analysis, chemical reactors, analogues to be studied non-invasively extrusion apparatus and desalination in 3D. Understanding (and mitigating) membranes. Since relocating to UWA LNG freeze-out is critical to prevent he has focussed on adapting some of unwanted and costly shut-downs of these techniques to low-field mobile West Australian LNG trains due to and robust MR hardware platforms frozen hydrocarbon accumulation. to increase their direct industrial relevance and application. Several In addition, the recent upgrade of the spin-off companies have resulted from CMCA nuclear magnetic resonance this approach. (NMR) facility located in the Bayliss building, included a powerful single- The low-field technology whilst cheap, axis diffusion probe for use on the transferable and very adaptable does 14.1 T (600 MHz) magnet. Professor require validation. It also, in terms Johns’ group has plans to use this of more detailed scientific studies new capability to characterise rock of the industry systems explored by cores and a range of colloidal systems Professor Johns, offers comparatively relevant to both the mining and oil and poor spatial resolution. For both these gas industries. needs, Michael Johns and his team

16 The University of Western Australia Grants Success CMCA successful Perpetual Philanthropy Services: Externally Led grants — 2013 Matthew Linden. Fluorescent cell CRIS/NCRIS: David Sampson. sorting of rare populations for scientific ARC Linkage, Infrastructure, Equipment AMMRF and NIF. $776,500. and medical research. $65,000. & Facilities: Brent McInnes, Arie van Riessen, Philip Bland, Stefan Iglauer, ARC Linkage, Infrastructure, Equipment Core to Crust Fluid Systems Pilot Jacobus Eksteen, Anthony Kemp, & Facilities: David Sampson, George Projects 2013-2015: Matt Kilburn. How Janet Muhling, Marco Fiorentini, Koutsantonis, Michael Johns, Dongke to make the invisible visible: exploring Nicolas Thebaud, Michael Wingate, Zhang, Killugudi Swaminatha-Iyer, the use of isotopic labelling for the Christopher Kirkland, Gamini Robert Trengove, Richard Oliver, visualization of fluid/rock interaction Senanayake, Aleksandar Nikoloski. Mark Ogden, Garth Maker, Giuseppe in experimental and natural samples. A digital mineralogy & materials Verdile, Chris Abbiss, Kar-Chun Tan, Ian $41,988. characterisation hub for petrology, Godfrey. Nuclear magnetic resonance mineralogy, exploration, metallurgy spectroscopy: advanced cutting-edge Ian Potter Foundation: Matthew and reservoir characterisation chemical, biological, energy and Linden. Expanding capability in flow research. $700,000. materials research. $771,000. cytometry for medical research: state- of-the-art high throughput analysis. NHMRC Project Grant. Melinda NHMRC Equipment: Matthew Linden, $25,000. Fitzgerald, Sarah Dunlop, Livia Hool, David Sampson, Paul Rigby, Wendy Stuart Hodgetts, Matthew Kilburn. Erber. Expanding multiparameter flow Core to Crust Fluid Systems Pilot Optimising combinations of calcium cytometry to meet medical researcher Projects 2013-2015: Laure Martin. channel inhibitors for treatment demands at QEII Medical Centre. Fluid fluxes and architecture in of secondary degeneration after $50,000. subduction zones: insight from O neurotrauma. $657,562 and H isotopes in lawsonite. $24,394. 2013-2017 Carbon Farming Futures, Filling the Research Gap Program, UWA Research Collaboration DAFF: Deirdre Gleeson, Frances Hoyle, Award: Michael Stat. Comparative Mark Sweetingham, Lynne Macdonald, analysis of nutrient uptake by coral Michael Battaglia, Clayton Butterly, endosymbionts under ambient Mark Clisby, Peta Clode. Managing conditions and thermal stress. $12,000. biological, physical and chemical constraints to soil carbon storage. $1,216,388.

cmca.uwa.edu.au 17 Image 1: The cytoskeletal architecture of a Image 2.Cultured Alveolus Taken On The Nikon Image 3. Mouse Hippocampus Taken By Eleanor multinucleated osteoclast. Image acquired by Fluorescent Confocal Microscope at CMCA taken Drummond on Leica MP Confocal Microscope Nathan Pavlos, at CMCA. by Fiona Pixley. at CMCA.

CMCA successful ARC Linkage, Infrastructure, UWA Professional Staff Development grants — 2014 Equipment & Facilities: Paul Low; Fund: Malcolm Roberts. Travel Grant Thomas Becker; Peta Clode; George to attend Australian Conference ARC Linkage, Infrastructure, Equipment Koutsantonis; Killugudi Swaminatha- on Microscopy and Microanalysis, & Facilities: David Sampson; Shaun Iyer; Julian Gale; Amir Karton; Damien ACMM23, 2014. $750. Collin; Martin Hill; Yinong Liu; Martin Arrigan; Mark Ogden. An STM/AFM Saunders; Steve Reddy; Gretchen Facility for Electroactive Materials UWA Professional Staff Development Benedix; Craig Buckley; Katy Evans; Characterisation. $150,916. Fund: John Murphy. Travel Grant to Birger Rasmussen; Lai Chang Zhang; attend Focus on Microscopy 2014. $750. Zongwhen Liu; Ravinder Anand; ARC Future Fellowship: David Wacey. Stephen Barnes; Andrew Thompson; New insights into the origin and UWA Professional Staff Development Gamini Senanayake. Ultra-high evolution of life on Earth. $767,444. Fund: Peter King. Travel Grant to resolution focussed ion beam facility attend Laboratory Management for Western Australia. $1,060,000. ARC Discovery Program: Killugudi Conference 2014. $1,500. Swaminatha-Iyer, Pilar Blancafort, ARC Linkage, Infrastructure, Equipment Timothy St Pierre, Martin Saunders, UWA Professional Staff Development & Facilities: David Sampson; Shaun Keith Stubbs, Jon Dobson. Fund: Irma Larma. Travel Grant to Collin; Andrew Whiteley; David Magnetofection In An Oscillating attend Australasian Cytometry Society Mackey; Matthew Linden; Michael Magnetic Field. $484,600. Conference 2014. $1,500. Berndt; Philip Newsholme; Giuseppe Verdile; Janina Tirnitz-Parker; Delia Neurotrauma Research Program: Sarah Nelson; Simon Mallal; Una Ryan; Dunlop, Killugudi Swaminatha lyer, Phil Stumbles; Garth Maker; Ralph Michael House, Kirk Feindel. Using Martins; Mel Ziman; Elin Gray; Deborah nanotechnology to prevent localised, Strickland; Jason Waithman; Meegan as well as remote, inflammation and Howlett; Bree Foley. Mass Cytometry: breakdown of the blood brain barrier A breakthrough in multidimensional following neurotrauma. $90,000. systems biology. $440,000. Department of Health (WA): ARC Linkage, Infrastructure, Equipment Matthew Linden. Developmental & Facilities: Harvey Millar; Peta Clode; Haemostasis: Platelet function and Gavin Flematti; Peter Leedman; monocyte-platelet interaction in Dongke Zhang; Kliti Grice; Michael childhood. $75,000. Bunce; Richard Oliver; Kar-Chun Tan; Robert Trengove; Garth Maker; Ada Bartholomew Medical Research: Andrew Thompson; Steve Wilton; Ralph Matthew Linden. Developmental Martins; Chriss Abbiss; Dr Mary Boyce. haemostasis: Age-specific High resolution mass spectrometry differences in the blood clotting of for metabolomics and proteomics children. $28,471. research. $670,000.

18 The University of Western Australia Centre Highlights

20 21 Centre News Staff

Image: False coloured X-ray microscopy of juvenile abalone shell (~5 mm long) – acquired by Dr Jeremy Shaw, sample supplied by Dr Carmel McDougall (UQ)

cmca.uwa.edu.au 19 Scientist of the year 2014 finalist

The University News reported on CMCA Director Professor David Sampson’s nomination for Scientist of the Year 2014. With over 20 years’ research experience in optics, photonics and microscopy, Professor Sampson understands the value of world-class equipment to scientific research and local industry.

As Director of the CMCA, he oversees the WA nodes of the Australian Microscopy and Microanalysis Research Centre Facility and the National Imaging Image: Assoc.Prof Martin Saunders at Facility, supporting industry access to News the new Titan TEM. these WA facilities. Under his direction, the Nanoscale Characterisation State Frontiers in Launch of new Government Centre of Excellence cardiovascular medicine EM instruments attracted $20million in research funding. Professor Sampson An event was held on Thursday 23rd established the award-winning Assoc/Professor Matt Linden joined October 2014 to launch the new FEI Optical+Biomedical Engineering the Editorial Board of Frontiers in Titan TEM and Verios SEM instruments. Laboratory, which now has an Cardiovascular Medicine (Nature The two microscopes, both the first international reputation for excellence Publishing Group). This is a great of their kind in Australia, were funded in biomedical optics and biophotonics. accolade – such honours are clear through large ARC LIEF grants with measures of esteem. They also additional support from UWA, the represent a great learning experience, Top press picks other WA universities, University a chance to broaden networks and of Sydney and CSIRO. The facility also to give back to your community Four publications in was officially launched by Professor of scholars. high profile journals: Robyn Owens (UWA DVCR), who 1) CMCA’s John Cliff was co-author Best oral presentation acknowledged the importance of the new facilities to WA researchers. of a paper that was published in the Professor Owens’ comments were journal Science. CMCA user Dr Jean-Baptiste Raina echoed by Dr Miles Apperley, (originally from AIMS, now based at representing the AMMRF, who noted One of Earth’s most ancient and UTS) won Best Oral Presentation for his the national significance of the two widespread life forms, sulfur using talk on DMSP in corals (which included new instruments. Associate Professor bacteria, has the distinctive odour significant NanoSIMS data) at the Martin Saunders, Head of the CMCA of hydrogen sulfide gas – or rotten International Symposium for Microbial Electron Microscopy Group, provided egg smell! There is debate among Ecology conference in Seoul. a brief overview of the capabilities of scientists who study our 4.5 billion- year-old planet about the evolution Best poster the new facilities before guests enjoyed refreshments and tours of the electron of sulfur-dependent bacteria. In the microscopy laboratories. research published in the journal PhD student Brian Strehlow won best Science, Iadviga Zhelezinskaia from poster for his X-ray microscopy work Many thanks to Akos Bruz, Senior Video University of Maryland and three co- at the AIMS@JCU Poster Day. Brian is Production Officer at iVEC@UWA who authors—John Cliff of the University co-supervised by Assoc. Professor Peta produced a video for the event. of Western Australia and geologists Clode at CMCA. Alan Kaufman and James Farquhar of UMD—show that bacteria dependent on sulfate were plentiful in some parts

20 The University of Western Australia Image: Elemental map of Re distribution in a molybdenite False coloured topographic image of a laser ablation pit in False coloured back-scattered image of an Uraninite (MoS2) crystal. Width of image is 800 microns. Acquired on an ixiolite crystal. Image acquired at CMCA on JEOL8530F crystal; x40.Acquired at CMCA on JEOL8530F Hyperprobe a JEOL 8530F Hyperprobe by Dr. Malcolm Roberts. Sample Hyperprobe by Dr Malcolm Roberts. Sample from Lilly by Dr Malcolm Roberts. Sample Dr Yulia Uvarova CSIRO. from Dr. Artur Deditius (Murdoch University). Kendall-Langley, MSc student at UWA.

of the ocean 2.5 billion years’ ago, even This study used a combination of We examine the different approaches though sea water typically contained high-resolution microscopy (SEM, TEM, employed to reduce size and how about 1,000 times less sulfate than it epifluorescence and NanoSIMS) plus they result in significant differences in does today. metagenomic data to show for the first the final device, particularly between time that viruses can act as sites of metal- and dielectric-cavity lasers. We I. Zhelezinskaia, A.J. Kaufman, J. mineral precipitation in microbial mats, also present potential applications for Farquhar and J. Cliff (2014). Large sulfur isotope fractionations associated with and in so doing they enhance their the various forms of small lasers, and Neoarchean microbial sulfate reduction. own preservation potential in the fossil indicate where further developments Science 346 (6210): 742-744, 2014. record. The ability to identify viruses in are required. the geological record has wide ranging 2) David Wacey, Martin Saunders and implications because viruses are M.T. Hill and M.C. Gather, Advances in Malcolm Roberts from CMCA were co- small lasers. Nature Photonics 8: 908-918, important agents of genetic exchange authors of a paper published in Nature 2014. and mortality for all life forms, and Scientific Reports. serve as gene reservoirs that allow UWA news articles their hosts to adapt to changing The study shows that 1 billion-year-old ecological niches, hence they may have microfossils from lake sediments in August 2013: been instrumental in promoting the For the second year in a row, Professor Scotland were remarkably preserved evolution of early microbial ecosystems David Sampson, Research Associate by a combination of clay minerals on Earth and elsewhere. Professor Robert McLaughlin and and phosphate, with clay minerals Professor Christobel Saunders have providing the highest quality of M. Pacton, D. Wacey, C. Corinaldesi, been selected as finalists for the preservation. This, in turn, provides the M. Tangherlini, M. Kilburn, G. Gorin, R. ANSTO Eureka Prize for Innovative Use earliest evidence for cells preserved Danovaro and C. Vasconcelos, Viruses as a new agent of organomineralisation in the of Technology. Microscope in a Needle: in clay minerals anywhere in the geological record. Nature Communications featured on ABC News. geological record, extending the known 5: 4298.1-9, 2014 range by nearly 500 million-years, and challenges the conventional view that 4) Two users of CMCA facilities, Martin August 2013: The University of Western Australia has the highest quality fossil preservation Hill and Malte Gather, were successful doubled its capacity to help find new occurs in phosphate and quartz in having an article published in Nature mineral ore deposits through funding minerals. The advanced elemental Photonics, with their CMCA image from SIEF for a new NanoSIMS imaging mapping capabilities of the newly making the front cover. and analysis facility announced by installed FEI Titan TEM were essential Federal Innovation, Industry Science to the study, enabling nano-scale zones Small lasers have dimensions or and Research Minister Kim Carr. of clay minerals attached to cell walls modes sizes close to or smaller than to be visualised. the wavelength of emitted light. In recent years there has been significant November 2013: D. Wacey, M. Saunders, M. Roberts, S. progress towards reducing the size Evidence of complex microbial Menon, L. Green, C. Kong, T. Culwick, and improving the characteristics of ecosystems dating back almost P. Strother and M.D. Brasier, Enhanced cellular preservation by clay minerals in these devices. This work has been 3.5 billion years has been found in 1 billion-year-old lakes. Nature Scientific led primarily by the innovative use Western Australia’s Pilbara region Reports 4: 5841.1-11, 2014 of new materials and cavity designs. by an international team including This Review summarizes some of the UWA’s Dr David Wacey. An ABC TV crew 3) David Wacey, and Matthew Kilburn latest develop¬ments, particularly came to CMCA to film Dr Wacey for a from CMCA were co-authors of a paper in metallic and plasmonic lasers, feature aired on ABC Radio news on 13 published in Nature Communications. improvements in small dielectric November 2013. lasers, and the emerging area of small bio-compatible or bio-derived lasers.

cmca.uwa.edu.au 21 May 2014 October 2014 The microscope in a needle, which Science fact or fiction? Doctors can see Assoc. Professor Paul Rigby was placed may be used during surgery to help in into our living cells? These were the 10th in the very prestigious Nikon Small the removal of breast cancer tumours, questions asked in an Inquiring Minds World Competition with a stunning was developed by a team from UWA’s lecture by Professor David Sampson, image of a region on the petal from Optical + Biomedical Engineering Head, Optical+Biomedical Engineering a daisy flower. The image is of the Laboratory, in collaboration with Laboratory (OBEL) and Director, Centre autofluorescence in the chemistry clinicians from Royal Perth Hospital for Microscopy, Characterisation & of the petal and shows petal hairs, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, and Analysis (CMCA) at The University of pollen grains (blue) and a small area with support from Cancer Council WA, Western Australia. of a fungal infection around the pollen the National Breast Cancer Foundation, grains (the fine yellow filaments). It was the Raine Medical Research In his talk, Professor Sampson teased collected on the Nikon A1Si confocal Foundation, the National Health and apart fact from fiction in explaining microscope located in CMCA@QEII. Medical Research Council and the new technology that allows us to Australian Research Council. see inside a living human body. He described how far we have come and CMCA Student news what the future technology will bring. CMCA graduated students June 2014 • Dr Wan Hon Koh (Murdoch Microscopic creatures that live on University): The interaction of tiny ocean plastics greatly affect Cryptosporidium with biofilm the fate and ecological impacts of systems. Supervised by R.C.A. marine plastic pollution, according Thompson and P. Clode to researchers from The University of Completed 2013. Western Australia. • Dr Rahi Varsani: Dynamics of Image: 10th placed Nikon Small World Entry. Daisy petal with fungal infection magnetic nanoparticle chain PhD candidate Julia Reisser and and pollen grains. Paul Rigby, CMCA. formation and its effects on colleagues have published an article transverse proton relaxation rates. November 2014 in the international journal PLOS One Supervised by M. Saunders, T. St. The University of Western Australia that contributed many new records of Pierre and S. Iyer. Completed 2014. might be the oldest university in the microbes and invertebrates living on • Dr Noraini Md Jaafar: Biochar as State, but its researchers are leading sand-sized marine plastics. a soil amendment and habitat for the way in new technologies, taking out micro-organisms. Supervised by major prizes in the 2014 WA Innovator Study co-author Dr Jeremy Shaw L. Abbott, P.Clode and D. Murphy. of the Year Awards for inventions that said “large numbers of silica-forming Completed 2014. will improve the health of millions of algae weighed down their plastic host, • Dr Ivan Lozic: Targeted people worldwide. potentially causing tiny pieces to sink nanotechnology based therapies to the bottom of the ocean.” for oxidative stress following Inventors Professor David Sampson The researchers were also able to see partial injury to the central nervous (Director of CMCA), with Professor colonies of microbes that seem to be system. Supervised by L. Fitzgerald, Christobel Saunders and Assoc. “eating plastics”. S. Dunlop, M. Kilburn and S. Iyer. Professor Robert McLaughlin, earned Completed 2014. the Innovator of the Year Award in the emerging innovation category. This award recognised their work in the world’s smallest microscope - which can fit into a needle and is capable of detecting cancer cells often missed by surgeons.

22 The University of Western Australia CMCA current students • Taryn Foster: Potential impacts of Students who are supervised and higher ocean acidity and warmer co-supervised by CMCA staff: water temperatures on Abrolhos • Alaa Munshi: Developing hybrid Island corals. Supervised by M. noble metal nanoparticles for McCulloch, P. Clode, J. Falter, J. applications in catlysis, sensing and Gilmour and M.van Keulen. imaging. Supervised by S. Iyer and • Wenli Ding: Is the distribution of M. Saunders. calcium and phosphorus between • Alastair Boyd: The identification leaf cell types the key reason why and characterisation of magnetic Lupinus species respond differently iron in the honey bee Apis mellifera. to soil pH? Supervised by H. Supervised by P. Clode, J. Shaw and Lambers, J. Clements and M. House. P. Clode. • Brian Strehlow: The effects of dredging on sponges (Porifera). Image: Taryn Foster Supervised by G. Kendrick, M Renton, P. Clode, A. Duckworth and N. Webster. • Caio Guilherme Pereira: Genetic mechanisms governing the cellular compartmentation of calcium in Brian Strehlow, who is supervised by CMCA’s Peta Clode, won best poster Proteaceae species. Supervised by for his X-ray microscopy work at the AIMS@JCU Poster Day. H. Lambers, P. Finnegan, P. Clode, P. White, J. Hammond and R. Oliveira. • Crystal Cooper: Identification of an unknown acoel flatworm (Acoela) from Rottnest Island, Western Australia. Supervised by P. Clode, C. Peacock and A. Thompson • Pia Bessell-Browne: Lethal and sub-lethal impacts of dredge related pressures on corals. Supervised by P. Clode, R. Jones, A. Negri and A. Duckworth. • Gerard Ricardo: The impacts of dredging on the early life histories of corals off Western Australia’s coastline. Supervised by A. Negri, R. Jones and P. Clode. • Liza Roger: Response of calcareous pteropods (Euthecosomata) to environmental change. Supervised by A. George and J. Shaw. • Patrick Hayes: Does calcium toxicity explain the absence of most Proteaceae from calcareous habitats? Supervised by H. Lambers and P. Clode.

cmca.uwa.edu.au 23 New Staff Andrew Mehnert Heejin Jeon Haibo Jiang

Andrew Mehnert In February 2015 Haibo joined joined the CMCA in Heejin Jeon joined CMCA in April 2015 December 2014 as CMCA as a SIMS as a Lecturer to Senior Lecturer in Research Assistant support the SIMS Data Management, for 12 months. team. He studied Analysis and Heejin received Materials Science Visualisation. He her Bachelor and Engineering was previously Associate Professor in and Master degrees at the School of at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Medical Image Analysis at Chalmers Earth and Environmental Sciences, and completed his PhD at University University of Technology in Sweden. Seoul National University. Heejin of Oxford in 2014. Following his PhD Andrew’s research focuses on the was awarded a PhD in 2012 at the study, Haibo worked as a postdoctoral development of image analysis Research School of Earth Sciences, research fellow in applications of methods for biological imaging Australian National University. She NanoSIMS analysis on biological applications. To date this has been then had two years of postdoc materials with Prof. Chris Grovenor. in the areas of optical microscopy experience in the NORDSIM ionprobe (automated cytology), MRI (breast, lab (ims-1280), Swedish Museum of Haibo’s research interest is in brain, musculoskeletal injuries) and Natural History where she worked the development of multimodal x-ray CT (forensic identification). on the Neoproterozoic Arabian characterization methods and their Shield, with the topic of how much applications on visualization of Andrew’s role is to introduce, develop this previously-known-as-juvenile- biological processes and materials and apply data management, crust is contaminated by older behaviors. He is now involved in analysis and visualisation expertise in crustal materials. multiple interdisciplinary collaborative collaboration with researchers using projects with academic and microscopy and imaging techniques industrial partners. across various disciplines at UWA.

Staff List

• Prof. Brendan Griffin (Honorary) • Dr Jeremy Shaw • Prof. David Sampson (Director) • Jeanette Hatch • Assoc/Prof. Brian Skelton • Assoc/Prof. Peta Clode (Deputy • Dr Heejin Jeon • Dr Michael Stat Director) • Dr Haibo Jiang • Dr Alexandra Suvorova • Sean Webb (Centre Manager) • Assoc/Prof. Andrew Johnson • Dr David Wacey (joint appointment • Dr Peter King (Technical (Honorary) with UWA School of Earth and Operations Manager) • Assoc/Prof. Matt Kilburn Environment) • Steve Parry (Laboratory Manager) • Lyn Kirilak • Hava Zhang • Dr Tamara Abel • Prof. John Kuo (Honorary) • Liz Albert • Irma Larma • Dr Thomas Becker • Assoc/Prof. Matthew Linden • Alysia Buckley • Dr Laure Martin • Dr Lindsay Byrne • Dr Andrew Mehnert • Dr John Cliff • Dr Janet Muhling • Dana Crisan • John Murphy • Dr Aaron Dodd • Dr Anthony Reeder • Peter Duncan • Assoc/Prof. Paul Rigby • Diana Engineer • Dr Malcolm Roberts • Dr Kirk Feindel • Assoc/Prof. Martin Saunders • Dr Paul Guagliardo

24 The University of Western Australia Conferences and Visits

Image: A false-coloured back- scattered electron image of a shergottitic meteorite. Image acquired on an FEI Varios SEM by Malcolm Roberts. Sample from Gretchen Benedix (Curtin University).

cmca.uwa.edu.au 25 Visitor Highlights February 2014 A group of 31 people from the Australasian Industry Research Group (AIRG), including an ex-VP Woodside, representatives of Alcoa, AMMRF Board Chair and COO, and the Chief Scientist of Victoria in attendance, toured the Centre in February 2014. The tour was part of the AIRG National Summer Meeting.

March 2014 Mr David Stewart, the Australian Ambassador to Austria, came to CMCA in March. Mr Stewart had met CMCA’s Professor Matt Kilburn in Vienna where Photo: Assoc.Professor Matt Kilburn, Her Excellency Mrs Nineta Barbulescu and Matt extended the invitation to visit Dr Peter King. CMCA and inspect the facilities at UWA December 2014 that are used to provide analytical October 2014 CMCA was included in the itinerary support to the IAEA. Mr Stewart was Professor Jerzy Dobrucki from the when Dr Kris Ahlers and Mr Ken very engaged in the visit and expressed Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics Caster, Program Officer from the Asian strong support for the work done at CMCA. and Biotechnology at Jagiellonian University in Poland visited CMCA Office of Aerospace Research and Development (AOARD) from the Tokyo May 2014 to talk around the use of the field office of the US Air Force Office of A number of biology students from characteristics of DNA probes (like Scientific Research (AFOSR) visited the UWAs affiliate high schoolTaylor DAPI and Hoechst) for super-resolution university in December 2014. College visited CMCA on 9th May microscopy. While here, Professor and looked at sample preparation Dobrucki gave a seminar titled AOARD and AFOSR are part of the Air undertaken on the SEM and TEM. “Super-resolution optical imaging of chromatin, DNA damage and repair”. Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), which has extensive R&D programs in June 2014 nine different technical directorates, CMCA hosted a delegation from Harbin November 2014 including Physics and Mathematics, Engineering University, China. This Dr Sally Nimon, Director, Information Nanoscience, and Materials and was a senior delegation including and Analysis, Go8 Secretariat. Go8 Chemistry, at multiple locations the institution’s vice president and is a group of Australia’s eight leading within the USA. Program Officers other senior officials accompanied by universities, of which The University of (POs) at AOARD work closely with POs UWA staff. Western Australia is a member. at AFOSR to fund basic research in the Asia-Pacific region in support of July 2014 Dr Aiden Byrne, CEO of Australian the AFRL mission. AOARD and AFOSR Her Excellency Mrs Nineta Research Council (ARC). The ARC is work closely with AFRL scientists and Barbulescu, the Ambassador of a Commonwealth entity within the engineers across all technical areas. Romania, visited the University on Australian Government. Its mission Tuesday 15 July and was given a guided is to deliver policy and programs tour of CMCA. She was very impressed that advance Australian research with the Centre and the enthusiasm of and innovation globally and benefit Centre staff. the community. The ARC provides advice to the Government on research matters, manages the National Competitive Grants Program (NCGP) and administers Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA).

26 The University of Western Australia Conferences Journal Papers Out and about June 2013 28 38 Assoc.Professor Matt Kilburn was an 2013 2014 invited lecturer at the SIMS school at the NORDSIMS facility in Stockholm.

Dr Dave Wacey and Assoc.Professor Matt Kilburn convened a session at the 2013 Goldschmidt Conference in Florence, Italy.

November 2014 Assoc.Professor Matt Kilburn was an invited lecturer at the NanoSIMS school at the Technical University Munich in November 2014.

Assist.Professor John Cliff was invited to give a presentation at the IAEA ‘Symposium for International Safeguards’ in Vienna 2014. His paper “Novel Mass Spectrometric Techniques for the Rapid Characterisation and Fingerprinting of Nuclear Fuel Materials” was authored by J.Cliff, M.Kilburn, L.Martin and J.Denman. This invitation required nomination by the Australian Government.

Ultra High Field MRI Symposium – June 2014 Dr Kirk Feindel was invited to speak at the Ultra High Field MRI Symposium at the Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, held over three days in June 2014. Dr Feindal’s talk was titled ‘Toward endogenous, pathology specific MRI contrast’.

IUMAS Conference in July 2014 Assoc.Professor Peta Clode was one of eight invited plenary speakers at the International Union of Microbeam Analysis Societies (IUMAS) Conference in July 2014 and also a symposium convenor at the Microscopy & Microanalysis Annual Meeting. Both events were held in Connecticut, USA.

cmca.uwa.edu.au 27 2013 2013 Journal papers Total 207 Biological/biomedical sciences Book chapters 109 Physical sciences 67 Environmental/geosciences 1. A. Curatolo, B. Kennedy, D.D. Sampson 31 and T.R. Hilman, Speckle in optical coherence tomography, In: Advanced Biophotonics: Tissue Optical Journal publications Sectioning, Chapter 5: 183-249, 2013 7. R.A. Boulos, N.Y.T. Man, N.A. Lengkeek, K.A. Hammer, N.F. Foster, N.A. 1. S.N. Bartley, Y.L. Tzeng, K. Heel, C.W. 2. J. Gilmour, L. Smith, K. Cook and S. Stemberger, B.W. Skelton, P.Y. Wong, B. Lee, S. Mowlaboccus and T. Seemann, Pincock, In: Discovering Scott Reef, Martinac, T.V. Riley, A.J. McKinley and Attachment and invasion of Neisseria 2013 S.G. Stewart, Inspiration from old dyes: meningitidis to host cells is related Tris(stilbene) compounds as potent 3. M.D. Linden, Platelet Physiology, In: to surface hydrophobicity, bacterial gram-positive antibacterial agents, Methods in Molecular Biology 992, cell size and capsule, PLoS One, 8(2): Chemistry: A European Journal, 19: Haemostasis Methods and Protocols, e55798, 2013 17980-17988, 2013 Chapter 2: 13-30, 2013 2. N. Binz, I.S.A. Rahman, H.R. Chinnery, 8. M.D. Brasier, A.G. Liu, L. Menon, 4. M.D. Linden, Platelet Flow Cytometry, R. McKeone, K.M. Simpson, T.P. J.J. Matthews, D. McIlroy and D. In: Methods in Molecular Biology 992, Speed, C.L. Lai and P.E. Rakoczy, Wacey, Explaining the exceptional Haemostasis Methods and Protocols, Effect of vascular endothelial preservation of Ediacaran Chapter 18: 241-264, 2013 growth factor upregulation on rangeomorphs from Spaniard’s Bay retinal gene expression in the Kimba (Upper Island Cove), Newfoundland: 5. R.A. McLaughlin, D. Lorenser, D.D. mouse, Clinical and Experimental A hydraulic model, Precambrian Sampson, Needle Probes in Optical Ophthalmology, 41(3): 251-262, 2013 Coherence Tomography, In: Handbook Research, 231: 122-135, 2013 of Coherent-Domain Optical 3. J. Bose, O. Babourina, S. Shabala and 9. M.D. Brasier, R. Matthewman, S. Methods: Biomedical Diagnostics, Z. Rengel, Low-pH and aluminum McMahon, M.R. Kilburn and D. Wacey, Environmental Monitoring, and resistance in arabidopsis correlates Pumice from the ~3460 Ma Apex Material Science, Volume II, Chapter with high cytosolic magnesium Basalt, Western Australia: A natural 25, 2013 content and increased magnesium laboratory for the early biosphere, uptake by plant roots, Plant Cell Precambrian Research, 224: 1-10, 2013 6. C.W. Mueller, P.K. Weber, M.R. Kilburn, Physiology, 54(7): 1093--1104, 2013 C. Hoeschen, M. Kleber and J. Pett- 10. B.A. Grguric, Z. Seat, A.A. Karpuzov Ridge, Advances in the analysis of 4. A. Botero, C.K. Thompson, C.S. and O.N. Simonov, The West Jordan biogeochemical interfaces: NanoSIMS Peacock, P.L. Clode, P.K. Nicholls, deposit, a newly-discovered type 2 to investigate soil microenvironments, A.F. Wayne, A.J. Lymbery and R.C.A. dunite-hosted nickel sulphide system In: Advances in Agronomy, Chapter Thompson, Trypanosomes genetic in the northern Agnew–Wiluna belt, 121: 1-46, 2013 diversity, polyparasitism and the Western Australia, Ore Geology population decline of the critically Reviews, 51: 79-92, 2013 7. M.D. Linden, Platelet Flow Cytometry, endangered Australian marsupial, In: Methods in Molecular Biology 992, the brush tailed bettong or woylie 11. S.G.A. Brown, S.F. Stone, D.M. Fatovich, Haemostasis Methods and Protocols, (Bettongia penicillata), International S.A. Burrows, A. Holdgate, A. Celenza, Chapter 18: 241-264, 2013 Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and A. Coulson, L. Hartnett, Y. Nagree, C. Wildlife, 2, 77-89: 2013 Cotterell and G.K. Isbister, Anaphylaxis: Clinical patterns, mediator release, 5. R.A. Boulos, C. Harnagea, X. Duan, and severity, Journal Allergy Clinical R.N. Lamb, F. Rosei and C.L. Raston, Immunology, 132(5): 1141-1149, 2013 Unzipping oyster shell, RSC Advances, 3: 3284-3290, 2013 12. M.I. Bruce, A. Burgun, M.A. Fox, M. Jevric, P.J. Low, B.K. Nicholson, C.R. 6. R.A. Boulos, E. Eroglu, X. Chen, A. Parker, B.W. Skelton, A.H. White and Scaffidi, B.R. Edwards, J. Toster and N.N. Zaitseva, Some ruthenium C.L. Raston, Unravelling the structure derivatives of Penta-1,4-diyn-3-one, and function of human hair, Green Organometallics, 32: 3286-3299, 2013 Chemistry, 15: 1268-1273, 2013

28 The University of Western Australia 13. M. Buccini, S.Y. Jeow, L. Byrne, B.W. 20. C.S. Chang, M. Kostylev and E. Ivanov, 28. T.D. Clemons, H.M. Viola, M.J. House, Skelton, T.M. Nguyen, C.L.L. Chai Metallic spintronic thin film as a K.S. Iyer and L.C. Hool, Examining and M.J. Piggott, Bisannulation of hydrogen sensor, Applied Physics efficacy of “TAT-less” delivery of a 2,3-Dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone with Letters, 102: 142405 1-5, 2013 peptide against the LType calcium o-Nitrophenylacetic Acid Derivatives: channel in cardiac ischemia A Succinct Synthesis of the ABCD 21. C. Charanworapan, A. reperfusion injury, ACS Nano, 7(3): Ring System of Alpkinidine, European Suddhiprakarn, I. Kheoruenromne, W. 2212-2220, 2013 Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2013(16): Wiriyakitnateekul and R.J. Gilkes, An 3232-3240, 2013 evaluation of three Thai phosphate 29. J.A. Coyer, G. Hoarau, J. Kuo, A. rocks for agronomic use based upon Tronholm, J. Veldsink and J.L. Olsen, 14. A. Burgun, F. Gendron, P.A. their chemical and mineralogical Phylogeny and temporal divergence of Schauer, B.W. Skelton, P.J. Low, properties, Soil Science and Plant the seagrass family Zosteraceae using K. Costuas, J.F. Halet, M.I. Bruce Nutrition, 59(4): 522-534, 2013 one nuclear and three chloroplast loci, and C. Lapinte, Straight forward Systematics and Biodiversity, 11: 271- access to tetrametallic complexes 22. X. Chen, F.M. Yasin, P.K. Eggers, R.A. 284, 2013 with a square array by oxidative Boulos, X. Duan, R.N. Lamb, K.S. Iyera dimerization of organometallic wires, and C.L. Raston, Non-covalently 30. N. Cummins, C.A. Bartlett, M. Archer, Organometallics, 32: 5015-5025, 2013 modified graphene supported E. Bartlett, J.M. Hemmi, A.R. Harvey, ultrafine nanoparticles of palladium S.A. Dunlop and M. Fitzgerald, Changes 15. E.A. Buvaylo, V.N. Kokozay, O.Y. for hydrogen gas sensing, RSC to mitochondrial ultrastructure in Vassilyeva and B.W. Skelton, Bis{2- Advances, 3: 3213-3217, 2013 optic nerve vulnerable to secondary [(guanidinoimino)methyl]phenolato- degeneration in vivo are limited κ3N,N’,O}cobalt(III) chloride 23. X. Chen, R.A. Boulos, J.F. Dobson and by irradiation at 670 nm, BMC hemihydrate, Acta Crystallographica C.L. Raston, Shear induced formation Neuroscience, 14(98): 1-14, 2013 Section E: Structure Reports Online, of carbon and boron nitride nano- E69: m165-166, 2013 scrolls, Nanoscale, 5: 498-502, 2013 31. A.W. Debowski, P. Vebrugghe, M. Sehynal, B.J. Marshall and M. 16. O.A. Buvaylo, V.N. Kokozay, M.V. 24. X. Chen, W. Zang, K. Vimalanathan, Bengherzal, Development of a Ischenko, O.Y. Vassilyeva and K.S. Iyera and C.L. Raston, A Tetracycline-inducible gene expression B.W. Skelton, New nickel mixed- versatile approach for decorating system for the study of Helicobacter ligand complex containing 2D nanomaterials with Pd or pylori Pathogenesis, Applied and 2-aminopyrimidine and Pt nanoparticles, Chemical Environmental Microbiology, 79(23): 5-bromosalicylaldehyde with a Communications, 49: 1160-1162, 2013 7351-7359, 2013 one-dimensional hydrogen bonded 25. C.J. Chernicoff, E.O. Zappettini, J.O.S. structure, Journal of Molecular 32. S. Dev, J. Toster, S.V. Prasanna, M. Santos, N.J. McNaughton and E. Structure, 1048: 460-463, 2013 Fitzgerald, K.S. Iyer and C.L. Raston, Belousova, Combined U-Pb SHRIMP Suppressing regrowth of microfluidic 17. C. Byrne, E. Dotte-Sarout and V. and Hf isotope study of the Late generated drug nanocrystals using Winton, Charcoals as indicators of Paleozoic Yaminué Complex, Rio Negro polyelectrolyte coatings, RSC ancient tree and fuel strategies: Province, Argentina: Implications Advances, 3(3): 695-698, 2013 An application of anthracology in for the origin and evolution of the the Australian Midwest, Australian Patagonia composite terrane, 33. J. Ding, N. Singh, M. Kostylev and A.O. Archaeology, 77: 94-106, 2013 Geoscience Frontiers, 4: 37-56, 2013 Adeyeye, Static and dynamic magnetic properties of Ni80Fe20 anti-ring 18. J. Ceh, M. Kilburn, J. Cliff, J.B. Raina, 26. L. Chin, X. Yang, R. McLaughlin, nanostructures, Physical Review B, 88: M. Van Keulen and D. Bourne, Nutrient P.B. Noble and D.D. Sampson, En 14301 1-9, 2013 cycling in early coral life stages: face parametric imaging of tissue Pocillopora damicornis larvae provide birefringence using polarization- 34. J.P. Donatti-Filho, E.P. Oliveira and N.J. their algal symbiont (Symbiodinium) sensitive optical coherence McNaughton, Provenance of zircon with nitrogen acquired from bacterial tomography, Journal of Biomedical xenocrysts in the Neoproterozoic associate, Ecology and Evolution, 3(8): Optics, 18(6): 066005-1 - 066005-5, 2013 Brauna Kimberlite Field, São Francisco 2393-2400, 2013 Craton, Brazil: Evidence for a thick 27. J. Cisonni, A.D. Lucey, J.H. Walsh, A.J.C. Palaeoproterozoic lithosphere 19. M. Challenor, P. Gong, D. Lorenser, M. King, N.S.J. Elliott, D.D. Sampson, P.R. beneath the Serrinha block, Journal Fitzgerald, S. Dunlop, D.D. Sampson Eastwood and D.R. Hillman, Effect of South American Earth Sciences, 45: and K. Swaminathan Iyer, Iron oxide- of the velopharynx on intraluminal 83-96, 2013 induced thermal effects on solid-state pressures in reconstructed pharynges upconversion emissions in NaYF4:Yb,Er derived from individuals with and nanocrystals, ACS Applied Materials without sleep apnea, Journal of and Interfaces, 5(16): 7875-7880, 2013 Biomechanics, 46(14): 2504-2512, 2013

cmca.uwa.edu.au 29 35. E.S. Drummond, J. Muhling, R.N. 43. B. Fu, N.T. Kita, S.A. Wilde, X. Liu, J. Cliff 50. F. Hassiotou and D. Geddes, Anatomy Martins, L.K. Wijaya, E.M. Ehlert and and A. Greig, Origin of the Tongbai- of the human mammary gland: Current A.R. Harvey, Pathology associated Dabie-Sulu Neoproterozoic low-d18O status of knowledge, Clinical Anatomy, with AAV mediated expression of igneous province, east-central China, 26(1): 29-48, 2013 beta amyloid or C100 in adult mouse Contributions to Mineralogy Petrology, 51. F. Hassiotou, A.R. Hepworth, A.S. hippocampus and cerebellum, PLoS 165: 641-662, 2013 One, 8(3): e59166, 2013 Beltran, M.M. Mathews, A.M. Stuebe, 44. X.X. Geng, S. Chen, I.A. Astarini, G.J. P.E. Hartmann, L. Filgueira and 36. X. Duan, J.P. Wu and T.B. Kirk, Rotated Yan, E. Tian, J. Meng, Z.Y. Li, X.H. Ge, P. Blancafort, Expression of the hough filtering for automatically M.N. Nelson, A.S. Mason, A. 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30 The University of Western Australia 58. K. Heel, T. Tabone, K.J. Rohrig, P.G. 66. T. Ito, T. Katayama, M. Hattie, H. 74. A.H. Kaksonen, C. Morris, F. Hilario, Maslen, K. Meehan and L.F. Grimwade Sakurama, J. Wada, R. Suzuki, H. S. Rea, J. Li, K.M. Usher, J. Wylie, M. and W.N. Erber, Developments in Ashida, T. Wakagi, K. Yamamoto, K.A. Ginige, K.Y. Cheng and C. du Plessis, the immunophenotypic analysis of Stubbs and S. Fushinobu, Crystal Two-stage airlift bioreactor system for haematological malignancies, Blood structures of a glycoside hydrolase efficient iron oxidation and jarosite Reviews, 27(4): 193-207, 2013 family 20 Lacto-N-biosidase from precipitation, Advanced Materials bifidobacterium bifidum, Journal of Research, 825: 242-245, 2013 59. S. Hinrichs, N.L. Patten and A.M. Waite, Biological Chemistry, 288(17): 11795- Temporal variations in metabolic 11806, 2013 75. S. Karl, L. Gutierrez., R. Lucyk-Maurer, and autotrophic indices for Acropora R. Kerr, R.R.F. Candido, S.Q. 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cmca.uwa.edu.au 31 80. E.C. Khor, T. Abel, J. Tickner, S.M. 86. N. Kostylev, I.S. Maksymov, A.O. 94. B. Levin, S.L. Redmond, R. Rajkhowa, Chim, S.M. Shek, C. Wang, T. Cheng, Adeyeye, S. Samarin, M. Kostylev R.H. Eikelboom, M.D. Atlas and B. Ng, P.Y. Ng, D.A. Teguh, J. Kenny, and J.F. Williams, Plasmon-assisted R.J. Marano, Utilising silk fibroin X.H. Yang, H.H. Chen, K.I. Nakayama, high reflectivity and strong magneto- membranes as scaffolds for the growth K. Nakaynama, N. Pavlos, M.H. Zheng optical Kerr effect in permalloy of tympanic membrane keratinocytes, and J.K. Xu, Loss of protein kinase gratings, Applied Physics Letters, 102: and application to myringoplasty C-delta protects against LPS-induced 121907 1-5, 2013 surgery, Journal of Laryngology and osteolysis owing to an intrinsic defect Otology, 127 (SUPPL 1): S13-S20, 2013 in osteoclastic bone resorption, PLoS 87. J. Kuo, Chromosome numbers of the One, 8(8): e70815, 2013 Australian Cymodoceaceae, Plant 95. G. Li, J. Yin, J. 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Skelton, P. Raiteri, Lin, A. Qin, J. Chen and M.H. Zheng, CrystEngComm, 15: 6896-6900, 2013 D.H. Brown, S. Stagni and M. Massi, Autologous tenocyte injection for the The photochemistry of rhenium(I) treatment of severe, chronic resistant 167. C.L. Tong, R.A. Boulos, C. Yu, K.S. tricarbonyl N-heterocyclic carbene lateral epicondylitis: a pilot study, The Iyer and C.L. Raston, Continuous complexes, Dalton Transactions, 42: American Journal of Sports Medicine, flow tuning of ordered mesoporous 14100-14114, 2013 41(12): 2925-2932, 2013 silica under ambient conditions, RSC Advances, 3: 18769-18770, 2013 176. F. Vinale, M. Nigro, K. Sivasithamparam, 183. K. Wang, J. Wu and T.B. Kirk, Depth- G. Flematti, E.L. Ghisalberti, M. Ruocco, dependent refractive index of normal 168. M. Tonkin, L.F. Yeap, E.K. Bartle and A. R. Varlese, R. Marra, S. Lanzuise, A. Eid, and early degenerated articular Reeder, The effect of environmental S.L. Woo and M. Lorito, Harzianic acid: cartilage, Journal of Biomedical conditions on the persistence of a novel siderophore fromTrichoderma Optics, 18(10): 105003 (1-8), 2013 common lubricants on skin for cases harzianum, FEMS Microbiology Letters, of sexual assault investigation, Journal 347: 123-129, 2013 184. S. Wang, A. Karrech, K. Regenauer-Lieb Forensic Science, 58(S1): S26-33, 2013 and S. Chakrabati-Bell, Digital bread 177. F.A. Vittoria, P.C. Diemoz, M. Endrizzi, crumb: Creation and application, 169. J. Toster, K.S. Iyer, W. Xiang, F. Rosei, L. Rigon, F.C.M. Lopez, D. Dreossi, Journal of Food Engineering, 116: 852- L. Spicciac and C.L. Raston, Diatom P.R.T. Munro and A. Olivo, Strategies 861, 2013 frustules as light traps enhance DSSC for efficient and fast wave optics efficiency, Nanoscale, 5(3): 873-876, simulation of coded-aperture and 185. X. Wang, R.G. McDonald, R.D. Hart, J. 2013 other x-ray phase-contrast imaging Li and A. van Riessen, Acid resistance methods, Applied Optics, 52: 6940- of goethite in nickel laterite ore 170. J. Toster, Q.L. Zhou, N.M. Smith, K.S. 6947, 2013 from Western Australia. Part I. The Iyer, F. Roseib and C.L. Raston, In situ relationship between goethite coating of diatom frustules with silver morphologies and acid leaching nanoparticles, Green Chemistry, 15: performance, Hydrometallurgy, 140: 2060-2063, 2013 48-58, 2013

36 The University of Western Australia 186. C. Wanty, A. Anandan, S. Piek, J. 192. L. Wu, A. Salvador, A. Ou, M.W. Shi, B.W. 200. W. Yi, X. Hu, P. Ichim and X. Sun, Walshe, J. Ganguly, R.W. Carlson, Skelton and R. Dorta, Monodentate Nanoscaled interface between K.A. Stubbs, C.M. Kahler and chiral N-Heterocyclic Carbene– microgold particles and biphase glass- A. Vrielink, The structure of the Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric ceramic matrix, Journal of American neisserial lipooligosaccharide Suzuki–Miyaura and Kumada Coupling, Ceramic Society, 96(11): 3662-3669, 2013 phosphoethanolamine transferase Synlett, 24(10): 1215-1220, 2013 A (LptA) required for resistance to 201. C. Yip, V. Ignjatovic, C. Attard, P. polymyxin, Journal of Molecular 193. Z. Xiaoli, S. O’Brien, J.A. Shaw, P. Monagle and M.D. Linden, First Biology, 425(18): 3389-3402, 2013 Abbott, P. Munroe, D. Habibi and Z. Xie, report of elevated monocyte-platelet The origin of remarkable robustness of aggregates in healthy children, PLoS 187. S.R. Warrier, N. Haridas, S. human tooth enamel, Applied Physics One, 8(6): e67416, 2013 Balasubramanian, A. Jalisatgi, Letters, 103: 241901, 2013 R. Bhonde and A. Dharmarajan, 202. W. Yuan, P.K Shen and S.P. Jiang, A synthetic formulation, 194. J.Z. Yang, R. Sultana, P. Ichim, X.Z. Controllable synthesis of graphene Dhanwantharam kashaya, delays Hu, Z.H. Huang, W. Yi, B. Jiang and Y. supported MnO2 nanowires via senescence in stem cells, Cell Xu, Micro-porous calcium phosphate self-assembly for enhanced water Proliferation, 46(3): 383-290, 2013 coatings on load-bearing zirconia oxidation in both alkaline and neutral substrate: Processing, property and solutions, Journal of Materials 188. L.E. Wedlock, M.R. Kilburn, R. Liu, application, Ceramics International, Chemistry A, 2: 123-129, 2013 J.A. Shaw, S.J. Berners-Price and 39: 6533-9542, 2013 N.P. Farrell, NanoSIMS multi-element 203. Q. Zeng, N.J. Evans, B.I.A. McInnes, imaging reveals internalisation 195. X. Yang, L.X. Chin, B.R. Klyen, T. G.E Batt, C.T. McCuaig, L. Bagas and nucleolar targeting for a Shavlakadze, R.A. McLaughlin, and E. Tohver, Geological and highly-charged polynuclear M.D. Grounds and D.D. Sampson, thermochronological studies of the platinum compound, Chemical Quantitative assessment of muscle Dashui gold deposit, West Qinling Communications, DOI: 10.1039/ damage in the mdx mouse model Orogen, Central China, Mineralium c3cc42098a, 2013 of Duchenne muscular dystrophy Deposita, 48: 397-412, 2013 using polarization-sensitive optical 189. W.K. Witt, S.G. Hagemann, C. Villanes coherence tomography, Journal of 204. D. Zhang, Y. Ma and M. Zhu, and Q. Zeng, New geochronological Applied Physiology, 115(9): 1393-1401, Nanostructure and oxidative results and structural evolution of the 2013 properties of soot from a compression Pataz gold mining district: Implications ignition engine: The effect of a for the timing and origin of the 196. F.M. Yasin, K.S. Iyer and C.L. Raston, homogeneous combustion catalyst, batholith-hosted veins, Ore Geology Palladium nano-carbon-calixarene Proceeding of the Combustion Reviews, 50: 143-170, 2013 based devices for hydrogen sensing, Institute, 34: 1869-1876, 2013 New Journal Chemistry, 37: 3289-3293, 190. P.J. Wright, M.G. Affleck, S. Muzzioli, 2013 205. F. Zhang, F.M. Yasin, X. Chen, J. Mo, B.W. Skelton, P. Raiteri, D.S. Silvester, C.L. Raston and H. Zhang, Functional S. Stagni and M. Massi, Ligand- 197. L. Yasmin, T. Coyle, K.A. Stubbs and noble metal nanostructures involving induced structural, photophysical, C.L. Raston, Stereospecific synthesis pyrene-conjugated-hyaluronan and electrochemical variations in of resorcin[4]arenes and pyrogallol[4] stabilised reduced graphene oxide, tricarbonyl rhenium(I) tetrazolato arenes in dynamic thin films, Chemical RSC Advances, 3: 25166-25174, 2013 complexes, Organometallics, 32: 3728- Communications, 49: 10932-10924, 206. F. Zhang, X. Chen, R.A. Boulos, F. Md 3737, 2013 2013 Yasin, H. Lu, C. Raston and H. Zhang, 191. P.J. Wright, S. Muzzioli, B.W. Skelton, 198. L. Yasmin, X. Chen, K.A. Stubbs and Pyrene-conjugated hyaluronan P. Raiteri, J. Lee, G. Koutsantonis, C.L. Raston, Optimising a vortex facilitated exfoliation and stabilisation D.S. Silvester, S. Stagni and M. Massi, fluidic device for controlling chemical of low dimensional nanomaterials in One-step assembly of Re(I) tricarbonyl reactivity and selectivity, Scientific water, Chemical Communications, 49: 2-pyridyltetrazolato metallacalix[3] Reports, 3 2282: 1-6, 2013 4845-4847, 2013 arene with aqua emission and 199. L.E. Wedlock, J.B. Aitken, S.J. Berners- 207. M.S. Zinkernagel, H.R. Chinnery, reversible three-electron oxidation, Price and P.J. Barnard, Bromide M.L. Ong, C. Petitjean, V. Voigt, Dalton Transactions, 42: 8188-8191, ion binding by a dinuclear gold(I) S.McLenachan, P.G. McMenamin, 2013 N-heterocyclic carbene complex: G.R. Hill, J.V. Forrester, M.E. Wikstrom a spectrofluorescence and X-ray and M.A. Degli-Esposti McLenachan, absorption spectroscopic study, Dalton Interferon gamma-dependent Transactions, 42: 1259-1266, 2013 migration of microglial cells in the retina after systemic cytomegalovirus infection, The American Journal of Pathology, 182(3): 875-885, 2013

cmca.uwa.edu.au 37 Journal publications 8. P. Bessell-Browne, M. Stat, D. Thomson and P.L. Clode, Coscinaraea marshae 1. J. Abduo, M. Bennamoun, M. Tennant corals that have survived prolonged 2014 and J. McGeachie, Precision of bleaching exhibit signs of increased digital prosthodontic planning for heterotrophic feeding, Coral Reefs, Book chapters oral rehabilitation, British Journal of 33(3): 795-804, 2014 Applied Science & Technology, 4(27): 9. S.R. Bird, M. Linden and J.A. Hawley, 1. Y. Chew, A.J. Holmes and J.B. Cliff, 3915-3929, 2014 Acute changes to biomarkers Visualization of metabolic properties 2. V. Agarwal, E.S. Tjandra, K.S. Iyer, as a consequence of prolonged of bacterial cells using nanoscale B. Humfrey, M. Fear, F.M. Wood, S. strenuous running, Annals of Clinical secondary ion mass spectrometry Dunlop and C.L. Raston, Evaluating Biochemistry, 51(2): 137-150, 2014 (NanoSIMS), In: Environmental the effects of nacre on human skin Microscopy, Methods in Molecular and scar cells in culture, Toxicology 10. B. Bohman, R.D. Phillips, M.H.M. Biology, Volume 1096: 133-146, 2014 Research, 3: 223-227, 2014 Menz, B.W. Berntsson, G.R. Flematti, R.A. Barrow, K.W. Dixon and R.D. 3. C.C. Anyaegbu, C. Chidozie, R.A. 2. H. He and Y. Kirilak, Application of SEM Peakall, Discovery of pyrazines as Lake, K. Heel, B.W. Robinson and pollinator sex pheromones and orchid and EDX in studying biomineralization S.A. Fisher, Chemotherapy enhances semiochemicals: implications for the in plant tissues, In: Electron cross-presentation of nuclear tumor evolution of sexual deception, New Microscopy, Chapter 29: 663-675, 2014 antigens, PLoS ONE, 9(9): e107894 (1-8), Phytologist, 203: 939-952, 2014 2014 3. M.R. Kilburn and P.L. Clode, Elemental 11. J. Bougoure, M. Ludwig, M. Brundrett, and Isotopic Imaging of Biological 4. L. Avadiar, Y-K. Leong, A. Fourie, T. J. Cliff, P. Clode, M. Kilburn and P. Nugraha and P.L. Clode, Source of Samples Using NanoSIMS, In: Electron Grierson, High-resolution secondary Unimin kaolin rheological variation– Microscopy, Chapter 33: 733-755, 2014 ion mass spectrometry analysis of Ca2+ concentration, Colloids and carbon dynamics in mycorrhizas Surfaces A: Physicochemical and formed by an obligately myco- 4. J. Kuo, Processing Plant Tissues for Engineering Aspects, 459: 90-99, 2014 heterotrophic orchid, Plant Cell and Ultrastructural Study, In: Electron Environment, 37(5): 1223-1230, 2014 Microscopy, Chapter 3: 39-55, 2014 5. L. Avadiar, Y-K. Leong and A. Fourie, Effects of polyethylenimine dosages 12. R.A. Boulos, F. Zhang, E.S. Tjandra, 5. M. Saunders and J.A. Shaw, Biological and molecular weights on flocculation, A.D. Martin, D. Spagnoli and C.L. Applications of Energy-Filtered TEM, rheology and consolidation behaviors Raston, Spinning up the polymorphs of of kaolin slurries, Powder Technology, In: Electron Microscopy, Chapter 31: calcium carbonate, Scientific Reports, 254: 364-372, 2014 689-706, 2014 4: 3616 (1-6), 2014

6. C.A. Bader, R.D. Brooks, Y.S. Ng, A. 13. G.A. Bowmaker, J.V. Hanna, S.P. King, F. 6. D. Wacey, The fossil record of early Sorvina, M.V. Werrett, P.J. Wright, Marchetti, C. Pettinari, A. Pizzabiocca, life on Earth, In: Astrobiology: An A.G. Anwer, D.A. Brooks, S. Stagni, S. B.W. Skelton, A.N. Sobolev, A. Tabacaru Evolutionary Approach, 163-198, 2014 Muzzioli, M. Silberstein, B.W. Skelton, and A.H. White, Complexes of copper(I) E.M. Goldys, S.E. Plush, T. Shandala thiocyanate with monodentate 7. A. Curatolo, B.F. Kennedy, D.D. and M. Massi, Modulation of the phosphine and pyridine ligands and organelle specificity in Re(I) tetrazolato Sampson, T.R. Hilman, Speckle in the P(,N)-donor diphenyl(2-pyridyl) complexes leads to labeling of lipid optical coherence tomography, In: phosphine, European Journal of droplets, RSC Advances, 4: 16345- Inorganic Chemistry, 2014: 6104-6116, Advanced Biophotonics: Tissue 16351, 2014 2014 optical sectioning, Chapter 6: 211-277 7. K.R. Barnard, D.W. Shiers, M.J. 14. M. Bradshaw, D. Ho, M.W. Fear, F. Mc ldowie, B.W. Skelton, M.I. Ogden Gelain, F.M. Wood and K.S. Iyer, and T.M. McCoy, Characterization Designer self-assembling hydrogel and inhibition of a nickel-alpha- scaffolds can impact skin cell hydroxyoxime (LIX63) salt precipitate proliferation and migration, Journal of formed under proposed commercial Tissue Engineering and Regenerative operating conditions, Industrial & Medicine, 4: 6903 (1-6), 2014 Engineering Chemistry Research, 53: 8208-8214, 2014

38 The University of Western Australia 2014 Journal papers 27. A-L. Chaudhary, D.A. Sheppard, M. Paskevicius, M. Saunders and C.E. Total 195 Buckley, Mechanochemical synthesis Biological Sciences 44 of amorphous silicon nanoparticles, Earth Sciences 31 RCS Advances, 4: 21979-21983, 2014 Biomedical Sciences 24 28. A-L. Chaudhary, D.A. Sheppard, M. Physical Sciences 95 Paskevicius, C.J. Webb, E.M. Gray

and C.E. Buckley, Mg2Si nanoparticle Key: ISI highly cited papers synthesis for high pressure 21. E.A. Buvaylo, V.N. Kokozay, K. Rubini, hydrogenation, Journal of Physical O.Y. Vassilyeva and B.W. Skelton, Chemistry C, 118(2): 1240-1247, 2014 15. M.I. Bruce, A. Burgun, M. Jevric, J.C. Unusual cocrystals made of a Schiff Morris, B.K. Nicholson, C.R. Parker, N. base metal complex and an organic 29. B.C. Cheah, J.M. Dell and A.J. Scoleri, B.W. Skelton and N.N. Zaitseva, molecule – Close-packing vs. hydrogen Keating, Tailoring anchor etching Some cyclic ligands obtained from bond interactions, Journal of Molecular profiles during MEMS release using reactions of polycyanocarbone metal Structure, 1072: 129-136, 2014 microfluidic sheathed flow, Journal of complexes, Journal of Organometallic Microelecromechanical Systems, 23(4): 22. S.M. Chai, S. Kavangh, S.S. Ooi, Chemistry, 756: 68-78, 2014 918-926, 2014 G.F. Sterrett, G. Cull, M. Plunkett, 16. M. Buccini, K.A. Punch, B. Kaskow, G.R. D. Spagnolo, B. Amanuel, D. Joske, 30. X. Chen, N.M. Smith, K. S. Iyer and Flematti, B.W. Skelton, L.J. Abraham C. Leslie, T. Barham and F. Frost, C.L. Raston, Controlling nanomaterial and M.J. Piggott, Ethynylbenzenoid Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma synthesis, chemical reactions and metabolites of Antrodia camphorata: associated with breast implants: A self assembly in dynamic thin films, synthesis and inhibition of TNF unique entity within the spectrum Chemical Society Review, 43(5): 1387- expression, Organic & Biomolecular of peri-implant effusions, Diagnostic 1399, 2014 Chemistry, 12: 1100-1113, 2014 Cytopathology, 42(11): 929-938, 2014 31. X. Chen, K. Vimalanathan, W. Zang, 17. M. Buccini and M.J. Piggott, A four- 23. S. Chakrabarti-Bell, S. Wang and A.D. Slattery, R.A. Boulos, C.T. Gibsona step total synthesis of radermachol, K.H.M. Siddique, Flour quality and and C.L. Raston, Self-assembled Organic Letters, 16: 2490−2493, 2014 disproportionation of bubbles in bread calixarene aligned patterning of noble doughs, Food Research International, metal nanoparticles on graphene, 18. Burgun, B.G. Ellis, T. Roisnel, B.W. 64: 589-597, 2014 Nanoscale, 6: 4517-4520, 2014 Skelton, M.I. Bruce and C. Lapinte, From molecular wires to molecular 24. M. Challenor, P. Gong, D. Lorenser, 32. X. Chen, P.K. Eggers, A.D. Slattery, S.G. resistors: TCNE, a class-III/class-II M.J. House, R.C. Woodward, T.G. St. Ogden and C.L. Raston, Template- mixed-valence chemical switch, Pierre, M. Fitzgerald, S.A. Dunlop, D.D. free assembly of three-dimensional Organometallics, 33: 4209-4219, 2014 Sampson and K.S. Iyer, The influence networks of graphene hollow spheres

of NaYF4:Yb,Er size/phase on the at the water/toluene interface, Journal 19. E.A. Buvaylo, V.N. Kokozay, O.Yu. multimodality of co-encapsulated of Colloid and Interface Science, 430: Vassilyeva and B.W. Skelton, Bis{2- magnetic photon-upconverting 174-177, 2014 [(pyridin-2-yl)methylideneamino]- polymeric nanoparticles, Dalton benzoato-k3N,N’,O}chromium(III) Transactions, 43(44): 16780-16787, 2014 33. Y. Cheng, C. Liu, H.M. Cheng and S.P. nitrate monohydrate, Acta Jiang, One-pot synthesis of metal- Crystallographica Section E, E70: 25. C.S. Chang, M. Kostylev, E. Ivanov, J. carbon nanotubes network hybrids m136, 2014 Ding, and A.O. Adeyeye, The phase as highly efficient catalysts for oxygen accumulation and antenna near field evolution reaction of water splitting, 20. E.A. Buvaylo, V.N. Kokozay, O.Yu. of microscopic propagating spin wave ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vassilyeva and B.W. Skelton, Crystal devices, Applied Physics Letters, 104: 6(13): 10089-10098, 2014 structure of bis(2-{[(pyridin-2-yl) 032408, 2014 methylidene]amino}-benzoato- 34. L. Chin, A., Curatolo, B.F. Kennedy, B.J κ3N,N’,O)cobalt(II) N,N- 26. E.J. Chan, S. Grabowsky, J.M. Doyle, P.R.T. Munro, R.A. McLaughlin dimethylformamide sesquisolvate, Harrowfield, M.W. Shi, B.W. Skelton, and D.D. Sampson, Analysis of image Acta Crystallographica Section E, E70: A.N. Sobolev and A.H. White, Hirshfeld formation in optical coherence 164-166, 2014 surface analysis of crystal packing elastography using a multiphysics in aza-aromatic picrate salts, approach, Biomedical Optics Express, CrystEngComm, 16: 4508-4538, 2014 5(9): 2913-2930, 2014

cmca.uwa.edu.au 39 35. L. Chin, B.F. Kennedy, K.M. Kennedy, P. 42. M.P. Doublier, N. Thébaud, M.T.D. 48. P.K. Eggers, E. Eroglu, T. Becker, X. Wijesinghe, G.J. Pinniger, J.R. Terrill, Wingate, S.S. Romano, C.L. Kirkland, Chen, K. Vimalanathan, K.A. Stubbs, R.A. McLaughlin and D.D. Sampson, K. Gessner, D.R. Mole and N. Evans, S.M. Smith and C.L. Raston, Nitrate Three-dimensional optical coherence Structure and timing of Neoarchean uptake by p-phosphonic acid or p- microelastography of skeletal muscle gold mineralization in the Southern (trimethylammonium)methyl calix[8] tissue, Biomedical Optics Express, 5(9): Cross district (Yilgarn Craton, Western arene stabilized laminar materials, RSC 3090-3102, 2014 Australia) suggest leading role of late Advances, 4: 48348, 2014 Low-Ca I-type granite intrusions, 36. S. Chumphongphan, U. Filso, Journal of Structural Geology, 67: 205- 49. K.A. Evans, M. Darby Dyar, S.M. Reddy, M. Paskevicius, D.A. Sheppard, 221, 2014 A. Lanzirotti, D.T. Adams and N. T.R. Jensen and C.E. Buckley, Tailby, Variation in XANES in biotite Nanoconfinement degradation in 43. E.S. Drummond, L.F. Dawson, P.M. as a function of orientation, crystal NaAlH4/CMK-1, International Journal Finch, W. Li, T-Z. Guo, W.S. Kingery and composition, and metamorphic of Hydrogen Energy, 39(21): 11103- P.D. Drummond, Increased bilateral history, American Mineralogist, 99: 11109, 2014 expression of alpha1-adrenoceptors 443-457, 2014 on peripheral nerves, blood vessels 37. E. Clayton, M. Hattie, A.W. Debowski, and keratinocytes does not account 50. K.A. Evans, A.G. Tomkins, J.B. Cliff and K.A. Stubbs, The synthesis of for pain or neuroinflammatory changes and M.L. Fiorentini, Insights into carbohydrate-based natural products after distal tibia fracture in rats, subduction zone sulfur recycling from from Leonurus japonicus and their Neuroscience, 281: 99-109, 2014 isotopic analysis of eclogite-hosted biological evaluation as anti-oxidants, sulfides, Chemical Geology, 265: 1-19, Australian Journal of Chemistry, 67: 44. P.D. Drummond, E.S. Drummond, 2014 1461-1470, 2014 L.F. Dawson, V. Mitchell, P.M. Finch, C.W. Vaughan and J.K. Phillips, 51. M. Faull, S.Y.L. Ching, A.I. Jamolowicz, 38. A.L. Cleaver, K. Bhamidipaty, B. Wylie, Upregulation of a1-adrenoceptors on J. Beilby and P.K. Panegyres, T. Connor, C. Robinson, B.W. Robinson, cutaneous nerve fibres after partial Comparison of two methods for S.E. Mutsaers and R.A. Lake, Long- sciatic nerve ligation and in complex the analysis of CSF Abeta and tau term exposure of mesothelial cells to regional pain syndrome type II, PAIN, in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s SV40 and asbestos leads to malignant 155: 606-616, 2014 disease, American Journal of transformation and chemotherapy Neurodegenerative Disease, 3(3): 143- resistance, Carcinogenesis, 35(2): 407- 45. E.S. Drummond, L.F. Dawson, 151, 2014 414, 2014 P.M. Finch, G.J. Bennett and P.D. Drummond, Increased expression of 52. P.M. Finch, E.S. Drummond, L.F. 39. D. D’Alessio, A.N. Sobolev, B.W. cutaneous a1-adrenoceptors after Dawson, J.K. Phillips and P.D. Skelton, O. Fuller, R.C. Woodward, N.A. chronic constriction injury in rats, The Drummond, Up-regulation of Lengkeek, B.H. Fraser, M. Massi and Journal of Pain, 15(2): 188-196, 2014 cutaneous alpha1-adrenoceptors in M.I. Ogden, Lanthanoid “bottlebrush” complex regional pain syndrome type clusters: remarkably elongated metal− 46. J.M. Duyvestyn, S.J. Taylor, S.A. 1, Pain Medicine, 15: 1945-1956, 2014 oxo core structures with controllable Dagger, M. Orandle, H.C. Morse lengths, Journal of the American III, C.B.F. Thien and W.Y. Langdon, 53. S.A. Fisher, A. Cleaver, D.D. Lakhiani, Chemical Society, 136: 15122-15125, Dasatinib targets B-lineage cells but A. Khong, T. Connor, B. Mylie, W.J. 2014 does not provide an effective therapy Lesterhuis, B.W.S. Robinson and for myeloproliferative disease in c-Cbl R.A. Lake, Neoadjuvant anti-tumor 40. F. De Busserolles, N.J. Marshall and RING finger mutant mice, PLOS ONE, vaccination prior to surgery enhances S.P. Collin, The eyes of lanternfishes 9(4): e94717 (1-10), 2014 survival , Journal of Translational (Myctophidae, Teleostei): novel ocular Medicine, 12(245): 1-9, 2014 specialisations for vision in dim light, 47. K.A. Dyl, J.S. Cleverley, P.A. Bland, Journal of Comparative Neurology, C.G. Ryan, L.A. Fisher and R.M. Hough, 54. T. Foster, J.A. Short, J.L. Falter, C. 522: 1618-1640, 2014 Quantified, whole section trace Ross and M.T. McCulloch, Reduced element mapping of carbonaceous calcification in Western Australian 41. G.B. Deacon, R. Harika, P.C. Junk, chondrites by Synchrotron X-ray corals during anomalously high B.W. Skelton, D. Werner and A.H. Fluorescence Microscopy: 1. summer water temperatures, Journal White, The synthesis, structures and CV meteorites, Geochimica et of Experimental Marine Biology and polymorphism of the dimeric trivalent Cosmochimica Acta, 134: 100-119, 2014 Ecology, 461: 133-143, 2014 rare-earth 3,5-Dimethylpyrazolate 55. R.O. Fuller, K.L. Livesey, R.C. complexes [Ln(Me2pz)3(thf)]2, European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 14: Woodward, A.J. McKinley, B.W. 2412-2419, 2014 Skelton, G.A. Koutsantonis and A.H. White, Magnetic studies of metal ion coordination clusters encapsulated with thiacalixarene, Australian Journal Chemistry, 67: 1588-1594, 2014

40 The University of Western Australia 56. B. Fu, J.B. Cliff and R.E. Zartman, 63. P. Gong, L. Chin, S. Es’Haghian, Y. 71. Y. Huang, W.B. de Boer, L.A. Adams, Zircon oxygen isotopic constraints Liew, F.M. Wood, D.D. Sampson G. MacQuillan, M.K. Bulsara and G.P from plutonic rocks on the magmatic and R.A. McLaughlin, Imaging of Jeffrey, Image analysis of liver biopsy and crustal evolution of the northern skin birefringence for human scar samples measures fibrosis and Appalachians in southern New assessment using polarization- predicts clinical outcome, Journal of England, USA, Canadian Journal of sensitive optical coherence Hepatology, 61: 22-27, 2014 Earth Science, 51: 485-499, 2014 tomography aided by vascular masking, Journal of Biomedical 72. P. Huot, T.H. Johnston, K.D. Lewis, J.B. 57. J.J. Lee, A.N. Sobolev, M.J. Turner, R.O. Optics, 19(12): 126014 (1-10), 2014 Koprich, M.G. Reyes, S.H. Fox, M. J. Fuller, B.B. Iversen, G.A. Koutsantonis Piggott and J.M. Brotchie, UWA-121, and M.A. Spackman, Molecular 64. I.D. Greene, F. Mastaglia, B.P. Meloni, a mixed dopamine and serotonin imprisonment: Host response to guest K.A. West, J. Chieng, C.J. Mitchell, re-uptake inhibitor, enhances L-DOPA location, orientation and dynamics W-P. Gai and S. Boulos, Evidence that anti-parkinsonian action without in clathrates of Dianin’s compound, the LRRK2 ROC domain Parkinson’s worsening dyskinesia or psychosis-like Crystal Growth & Design, 14: 1296- disease-associated mutants A1442P and behaviours in the MPTP-lesioned 1306, 2014 R1441C exhibit increased intracellular common marmoset, degradation, Journal of Neuroscience Neuropharmacology, 82: 76-87, 2014 58. F. Furfaro, E.S.M. Ang, R.R. Lareu, Research, 92: 506-516, 2014 K. Murray and M. Goonewardene, 73. E.S. Ingham, N. Cook, J.B. Cliff, A histological and micro-CT 65. D.J. Gregg, Z. Zhang, G.J. Thorogood, C.L. Ciobanu and A. Huddleston, A investigation in to the effect of NGF B.J. Kennedy, J.A. Kimpton, G.J. combined chemical, isotopic and and EGF on the periodontal, alveolar Griffiths, P.R. Guagliardo, G.R. Lumpkin microstructural study of pyrite from bone, root and pulpal healing of and E.R. Vance, Cation antisite roll-front uranium deposits, lake eyre replanted molars in a rat model - a disorder in uranium-doped gadolinium basin, South Australia, Geochimica pilot study, Progress in Orthodontics, zirconate pyrochlores, Journal of et Cosmochimica Acta, 125: 440-465, 15(2): 1-12, 2014 Nuclear Materials, 452(1-3): 474-478, 2014 2014 59. M.N. Gandy, C.L. Raston and K.A. 74. M. Ireland, X. Wang, T. Radomirovic, P. Stubbs, Towards aryl C–N bond 66. Y. Guan, I.A. Malecki, P.A.R. Hawken, Smith and F. Jones, Investigating the formation in dynamic thin films, M.D. Linden and G.B. 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42 The University of Western Australia 101. Y-B. Luo, C. Mitrpant, A.M. Adams, R.D. 109. L.A.J. Martin, J. Hermann, L. Gauthiez- 117. J. Muhling, A. Suvorova and B. Johnsen, S. Fletcher, F.L. Mastaglia and Putallaz, D.L. Whitney, A. Vitale- Rassmussen, The occurrence and S.D. Wilton, Antisense oligonucleotide Brovarone, K.F. Fornash and N.J. composition of chevkinite-(Ce) and induction of progerin in human Evans, Lawsonite geochemistry and perrierite-(Ce) in tholeiitic intrusive myogenic cells, PLOS ONE, 9(6): e98306 stability - implication for trace element rocks and lunar mare basalt, American (1-9), 2014 and water cycles in subduction zones, Mineralogist, 99: 1911-1921, 2014 Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 102. M. Luo, Z-Q. Chen, L. Zhao, S. 32(5): 455-478, 2014 118. P.R.T. Munro, D. Engelke and D.D. Kershaw, J. Huang, L. Wu, H. Yang, Sampson, A compact source condition Y. Fang, Y. Huang, Q. Zhang, S. Hu, 110. Maskell, P. Duuring and S.G. for modelling focused fields using the C. 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44 The University of Western Australia 144. A.Scaffidi, M.T. Waters, Y.K. Sun, B.W. 152. L. Su, C. Lu, G.Y. Deng, K.A. Tieu, L.C. 160. C.L. Tong, E. Eroglu and C.L. Raston, Skelton, K.W. Dixon, E.L. Ghisalberti, Zhang, P.R. Guagliardo, S.N. Samarin In situ synthesis of phosphate G.R. Flematti, and S.M. Smith, and J.F. Williams, Vacancy-type binding mesocellular siliceous Strigolactone hormones and their defects study on ultra-fine grained foams impregnated with iron oxide stereoisomers signal through two aluminium processed by severe plastic nanoparticles, RCS Advances, 4: related receptor proteins to induce deformation, Science of Advanced 46718-46722, 2014 different physiological responses in Materials, 6(7): 1338-1345, 2014 rabidopsis, Plant Physiology, 165: 161. A.A. Tonkikh, N.D. Zakharov, A.A. 1221-1232, 2014 153. H. Sun, C.K. Kwan, A. Suvorova, H.M. Suvorova, C. Eisenschmidt, J. Schilling Ang, M.O. Tadé and S. Wang, Catalytic and P. Werner, Cubic phase Sn-Rich 145. M. 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Chen, Effects of MacLeod, Marine rust tubercles engineering in the ear, Biomedical aramid-fibre toughening on interfacial harbour iron corroding archaea and Materials, 9: 015015 (1-12), 2014 fracture toughness of epoxy adhesive sulphate reducing bacteria, Corrosion joint between carbon-fibre face sheet Science, 83: 189-197, 2014 148. S. Shi, Z. Sun, X. Hu and H. Chen, and aluminium substrate, International 165. K.M. Usher, A.H. Kaksonen, I. Cole and Flexural strength and energy Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 48: D. Marney, Critical review: Microbially absorption of carbon-fiber–aluminum 288-294, 2014 honeycomb composites and sandwich influenced corrosion of buried reinforced by aluminum grid, Thin- 157. X. Sun, A. Keating and G. Parish, carbon steel pipes, International Walled Structures, 84: 416-422, 2014 Released micromachined beams Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 93: utilizing laterally uniform porosity 84-106, 2014 149. S. Shi, Z. Sun, X. Hu and H. 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Stagni Journal of Obesity, 38: 417-422, 2014 ferruginous pisoliths in the extensive and M. Massi, Photophysical and palaeochannels of the Yilgarn Craton, photochemical trends in tricarbonyl 151. A.K. Singh, B. Pluvinage, M.A. Higgins, Western Australia, Sedimentary rhenium(I) Nheterocyclic carbene A.B. Dalia, S. Woodiga, M. Flynn, A.R. Geology, 313: 32-44, 2014 complexes, Inorganic Chemistry, 53: Lloyd, J.N. Weiser, K.A. Stubbs, A.B. 3629-3641, 2014 Boraston and S.J. King, Unraveling the multiple functions of the architecturally intricate Streptococcus pneumoniae β-galactosidase, BgaA, PLOS Pathogens, 10: e1004364, 2014

cmca.uwa.edu.au 45 168. K. Vin Tan, P.A. Pellegrini, B.W. Skelton, 175. A.Y. Wang, Y. Shen, J.T. Wang, P.L. 182. X. Yang, D. Lorenser, R.A. McLaughlin, C.F. Hogan, I. Greguric and P.J. Friedland, M.D. Atlas and R.J. Dilley, R.W. Kirk, M. Edmond, M.C. Simpson, Barnard, Triamidetriamine bearing Animal models of chronic tympanic M.D. Grounds and D.D. Sampson, macrobicyclic and macrotricyclic membrane perforation: A ‘time-out’ Imaging deep skeletal muscle ligands: Potential applications in to review evidence and standardize structure using a high-sensitivty the development of copper-64 design, International Journal of ultrathin side-viewing optical radiopharmaceuticals, Inorganic Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 78: coherence tomography needle probe, Chemistry, 53: 468-477, 2014 2048-2055, 2014 Biomedical Optics Express, 5(1): 136- 148, 2014 169. A.Vitale-Brovarone, O. Alard, O. 176. X.J. Wang, L.C. Zhang, M.H. Fang Beyssac, L.A.J. Martin and M. Picatto, and T.B. Sercombe, The effect of 183. J. Yang, R. Sultana and X. Hu, Novel Lawsonite metasomatism and trace atmosphere on the structure and layered hydroxyapatite/tri-calcium element recycling in subduction zones, properties of a selective laser melted phosphate–zirconia scaffold Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Al–12Si alloy, Materials Science & composite with high bending strength 32(5): 489-514, 2014 Engineering A, 597: 370-375, 2014 for load-bearing bone implant application, International Journal of 170. Z. Vukmanovic, S.M. Reddy, B. Godel, 177. C. Weis, F. Blank, A. West, G. Black, Applied Ceramic Technology, 11(1): S.J. Barnes, M.L. Fiorentini, S.J. R.C. Woodward, M.R.J. Carroll, R. 23-30, 2014 Barnes and M.R. Kilburn, Relationship Kartmann, E. Hallam, J.A. Shaw, J. between microstructures and grain- Murphy, W.Y. Teoh, K.E. Aifantis, R. 184. L. Yasmin, P.K. Eggers, B.W. Skelton, scale trace element distribution in Amal, M. House, T. St Pierre and B. K.A. Stubbs and C.L. Raston, Thin film komatiite-hosted magmatic sulphide Fabry, Labeling of cancer cells with microfluidic synthesis of fluorescent ores, Lithos, 184-187: 42-61, 2014 magnetic nanoparticles for magnetic highly substituted pyridines, Green resonance imaging, Magnetic Chemistry, 16: 3450-3453, 2014 171. D. Wacey, N. McLoughlin, M. Saunders Resonance in Medicine, 71: 1896-1905, and C. Kong, The nano-scale anatomy 2014 185. L. Yasmin, K.A. Stubbs and C.L. Raston, of a complex carbon-lined microtube Vortex fluidic promoted Diels–Alder in volcanic glass from the ~92 Ma 178. W. Wei, Z. Wan and W. Chen, A facile reactions in an aqueous medium, Troodos Ophiolite, Cyprus, Chemical synthesis strategy for structural Tetrahedron Letters, 55: 2246–2248, Geology, 363: 1-12, 2014 property control of mesoporous 2014 alumina and its effect on catalysis 172. D. Wacey, M. Saunders, J. Cliff, M.R. for biodiesel production, Advanced 186. N.J. Yates, M.T. Martin-Iverson and Kilburn, C. Kong, M.E. Barley and M.D. Powder Technology, 25(4): 1220-1226, J. Rodger, The role of ephrin-A2 and Brasier, Geochemistry and nano- 2014 ephrin-A5 in sensorimotor control and structure of a putative ∼3240million- gating, Behavioural Brain Research, year-old black smoker biota, Sulphur 179. W. Weiyong, P.K. Shen and S.P. Jiang, 275: 225-233, 2014 Springs Group, Western Australia, Controllable synthesis of graphene 187. W. Yi, Z. Sun, D Niu and X. Lu, In Precambrian Research, 249: 1-12, 2014 supported MnO2 nanowires via self-assembly for enhanced water vitro bioactivity of 3D Ti-mesh with 173. D. Wacey, M. Saunders, M. Roberts, S. oxidation in both alkaline and neutral bioceramic coatings insimulated Menon, L. Green, C. Kong, T. Culwick, solutions, Journal of Materials body fluid, Journal of Asian Ceramic P. Strother and M.D. Brasier, Enhanced Chemistry A, 2(1): 123-129, 2014 Societies, 2: 210-214, 2014 cellular preservation by clay minerals in 1 billion-year-old lakes, Scientific 180. A.J.R. 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46 The University of Western Australia 190. C.Y. Yin, M-F. Ng, M. Saunders, B-M. 193. X. Zhang, Z. Sun and X. Hu, Low Goh, G. Senanayake, A. Sherwood temperature fracture toughness and M. Hampton, New insights of PMMA and crack-tip conditions into the adsorption of aurocyanide under flat-tipped cylindrical indenter, ion on activated carbon surface: Polymer Testing, 38: 57-63, 2014 electron microscopy analysis and computational studies using fullerene- 194. Zhelezinskaia, A.J. Kaufman, J. like models, Langmuir, 30: 7703-7709, Farquhar and J. Cliff, Large sulfur 2014 isotope fractionations associated with Neoarchean microbial sulfate 191. W. Zang, X. Chen, R.A. Boulos, J. reduction, Science, 346(6210): 742-744, Tosterb and C.L. Raston, Hydrogen 2014 induced p-phosphonic acid calix[8] arene controlled growth of Ru, Pt 195. Zhukova, H. StC O’Neill, I.H. Cambell and Pd nanoparticles, Chemical and M.R. Kilburn, The effect of silica Communications, 50: 15167-15170, activity on the diffusion of Ni and Co 2014 in olivine, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 168: 1029 (1-15), 2014 192. Y. Zhang, A.D.J. van Dijk, A. Scaffidi, G.R. Flematti, M. Hofmann, T. Charnikhova, F. Verstappen, J. Hepworth, S. van der Krol, O. Leyser, S.M. Smith, B. Zwanenburg, S. Al-Babili, C. Ruyter-Spira and H.J. Bouwmeester, Rice cytochrome P450 MAX1 homologs catalyze distinct steps in strigolactone biosynthesis, Nature Chemical Biology, 10: 1028-1033, 2014

cmca.uwa.edu.au 47 Journal covers 2014

A.M. Pagnozzi, R.W. Kirk, B.F. Kennedy, C. K. Hagen, P. R. T. Munro, M. Endrizzi, D.D. Sampson, R.A. McLaughlin. V. Agarwal, E. S. Tjandra, K. S. Iyer, P. C. Diemoz and A. Olivo Scitation, Automated quantification of lung B. Humfrey, M. Fear, F. M. Wood, S. Low-dose phase contrast tomography structures from optical coherence Dunlop and C. L. Raston, Evaluating with conventional x-ray sources, The tomography images the effects of nacre on human skin International Journal of Medical Physics Biomedical Optics, 4(11), and scar cells in culture. Image Research and Practice, 41: 7, 2014. November 2013. acquired on the Zeiss SEM by Vipul Agarwal. Toxicology Research 3 (4), July 2014.

M.T. Hill and M. C. Gather, Advances in small lasers. Nature Photonics X. Chen, N.M. Smith, K. Swaminathan Landscape of nanophotonics 8(12): Iyer, and C.L. Raston. Controlling 908-918, 2014.Imaging of the nano- nanomaterial synthesis, chemical lasers acquired on the XHR FEI reactions and self assembly in Verios SEM. dynamic thin films. Chem Soc Rev 43 (5), March 2014.

W. Koh, A. Thompson, H. Edwards, P. Monis, and P. L Clode. Extracellular excystation and development of Cryptosporidium: tracing the fate of oocysts within Pseudomonas aquatic biofilm systems. BMC Microbiology 2014, 14:281 doi:10.1186/s12866-014- 0281-8.

E. Paynter, B. Baer-Imhoof, M. Linden, T. Lee-Pullen, K. Heel, P. Rigby and B. Baer, Flow Cytometry as a Rapid and Reliable Method to Quantify Sperm Viability in the Honeybee Apis mellifera, Cytometry 85A: 5, 2014.

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