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NEPAL CHILD LABOUR REPORT Based on Data Drawn from the Nepal Labour Force Survey 2008

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NEPAL CHILD LABOUR REPORT Based on Data Drawn from the Nepal Labour Force Survey 2008 Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Nepal NEPAL CHILD LABOUR REPORT based on data drawn from the Nepal Labour Force Survey 2008 Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC) Thapathali, ILO DWT for South Asia Kathmandu, Nepal Theatre Court, 3rd Floor, India Habitat Centre, Lodi Road Tel: +(977-1) 4245947 New Delhi 110 003, India Fax: +(977-1) 4227720 Tel: +91 11 24 60 2101 email: [email protected] Fax: +91 11 24 60 2111 www.cbs.goc.np email: [email protected] www.ilo.org/newdhelhi www.ilo.org/ipec ISBN 978-92-2-124358-8 9 789221 243588 ILO - CBS NEPAL CHILD LABOUR REPORT CHILD LABOUR REPORT - CBS NEPAL ILO Nepal_NCLS_Report_Cover.indd 1 21/05/2012 15:42:12 NEPAL CHILD LABOUR REPORT based on data drawn from the Nepal Labour Force Survey 2008 January 2011 International Labour Organization (ILO) Central Bureau of Statistics of Nepal Copyright © International Labour Organization and Central Bureau of Statistics of Nepal, 2012 First published 2012 For rights of reproduction application should be made either to the ILO: ILO Publications (Rights and Permissions), International Labour Office, CH‐1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: [email protected] or to Central Bureau of Statistics of Nepal, Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal, or by email: [email protected]. For rights of translation application should be made to the ILO, acting on behalf of both organizations, to the address mentioned above. Libraries, institutions and other users registered with reproduction rights organizations may make copies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your country ILO; Central Bureau of Statistics, Government of Nepal Nepal child labour report: based on data drawn from the Nepal Labour Force Survey 2008 / International Labour Organization, International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC), Central Bureau of Statistics of Nepal ‐ Kathmandu: ILO, 2012 ‐ 1 v. ISBN: 978‐92‐2‐124358‐8 (Print); 978‐92‐2‐124359‐5 (web PDF) ILO Country Office for Nepal; ILO International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour; Kendriya Tathyanka Vibhaga child labour / child worker / hazardous work / Nepal ‐ 13.01.2 ILO Cataloguing in Publication Data ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared by Bishnu Dev Pant, Consultant, for the ILO, with the statistical support provided by Shib Nandan Prasad Shah. ILO officials – Bijoy Raychaudhuri and Bandana Sen – assisted with the finalization of the text of the report. The ILO acknowledges the contribution of the Central Bureau of Statistics in reviewing a preliminary draft of the report and assisting in its finalization, and in the codification of notified hazardous industries and occupations prohibited for children. The ILO also acknowledges the contribution of participants in the National Dissemination Seminar held on 2 December 2010 in Kathmandu, where the draft report was presented and discussed. Funding for this publication was provided by the United States Department of Labor (Project INT/08/93/USA). This publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the United States Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the United States Government. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of data therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the ILO and the Central Bureau of Statistics, Government of Nepal concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The ILO and the Central Bureau of Statistics of the Government of Nepal do not accept any responsibility in case of inaccuracy, error or omission or for any consequence related of the use of the data herein. Printed in Nepal Photocomposed by IPEC Geneva ii CONTENTS Pages FOREWORD................................................................................................................................ vii PREFACE...................................................................................................................................... ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ xi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................1 1.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................1 1.2 Prevalence and nature of child labour .................................................................................2 1.3 National legislation and policies against child labour..........................................................4 1.4 Current government policies and programmes to eliminate child labour ..........................4 1.5 Brief overview of the Nepalese economy of Nepal .............................................................5 1.6 Objectives of the study.........................................................................................................7 CHAPTER 2: SURVEY METHODOLOGY.........................................................................................11 2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................11 2.2 Scope and coverage............................................................................................................12 2.3 Limitations of the study......................................................................................................12 2.4 Data sources .......................................................................................................................12 2.5 Methodology and study design..........................................................................................12 2.6 Basic concepts and definitions ...........................................................................................13 CHAPTER 3: DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN ....................................................17 3.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................17 3.2 Demographic distribution of the child population.............................................................17 3.3 Distribution by age and sex................................................................................................20 3.4 Households with children, by occupancy status ................................................................21 3.5 Agricultural households......................................................................................................23 3.6 Modern facilities available to households with children ...................................................24 CHAPTER 4: EDUCATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN......................................................27 4.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................27 4.2 Educational status of Children ...........................................................................................27 4.3 Vocational education of children .......................................................................................30 CHAPTER 5: ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF CHILDREN.........................................................................33 5.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................33 5.2 Current economically active status of children..................................................................33 5.3 Employment status of working children ............................................................................35 5.4 Working children by sectors of economic activity .............................................................37 5.5 Income and earning status of child workers who are paid employees .............................41 CHAPTER 6: CHILD LABOUR AND HAZARDOUS WORK BY CHILDREN...........................................43 6.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................43 6.2 Children in designated hazardous industries and occupations..........................................43 6.3 Income and weekly working hours of working children, child labour and children engaged in hazardous child labour ...................................................................................................47 6.4 School attendance among child labour and in hazardous child labour.............................49 6.5 Occupational status of child labour and of children engaged in hazardous child labour..50 iii CHAPTER 7: OTHER ACTIVITIES OF CHILDREN .............................................................................53 7.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................53 7.2 Housekeeping activities......................................................................................................53 7.3 Children in the primary sector ...........................................................................................55 7.4 Children seeking work ........................................................................................................56
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