Fråga-Svar Folkgruppen Saho I Etiopien

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

2013-07-30 Fråga-svar Folkgruppen Saho i Etiopien Fråga Finns folkgruppen Saho i Etiopien? Svar PeopleGroups.org, People name: Saho of Ethiopia, juli 2013: "The Saho of Ethiopia have a population of 37,500. They are part of the Afar-Saho people cluster" Ethnologue , Ethiopia, [2013]: ”Ethiopia Language name Saho Population 32,800 in Ethiopia (2007 census). Location Tigray Region. Alternate Names Sao, Shaho, Shiho, Shoho Dialects Irob. Status 6a (Vigorous). Language Use 3,378 L2 speakers. Language Development Literacy rate in L2: High. Other Comments Ethnic group names are Asa’orta, Hadu (Hazu), Miniferi. Irob, unlike others, are not nomadic. Outsiders not accepted. Christian, Muslim” Sida 1 av 3 Joshua Project , People-in-Country Profile, Irob, Saho of Ethiopia, [odaterad]: "The Saho homeland stretches south from the Red Sea in Eritrea into Ethiopia. Its western border is flanked by the Tigre and Tigrinya people groups and its eastern border by the Afar" U. S. Department of State, US Department of State Self Study Guide for Ethiopia, August 2001, 2010-03-25: sid. 28 "The Saho are found along the central part of the border with Eritrea. Saho is a linguistic rather than an ethnic category" Minority Rights Group International, A New Start?, 2000-04-03: sid. 8 "Eastern lowlands (Afar and Somali regional states) --- The Afar, Saho and Somali languages belong to the East Cushitic language group. The peoples are predominantly nomadic pastoralists, but there are settled agricultural Afar and Saho communities along the Awash River and in the Tigrayan highlands respectively. Most of the Saho live within Eritrea, with a small cluster on the Tigrayan escarpment and in eastern Tigray.19,..." Denna sammanställning av information/länkar är baserad på informationssökningar gjorda under en begränsad tid. Den är sammanställd utifrån noggrant utvalda och allmänt tillgängliga informationskällor. Alla använda källor refereras. All information som presenteras, med undantag av obestridda/uppenbara fakta, har dubbelkontrollerats om inget annat anges. Sammanställningen gör inte anspråk på att vara uttömmande och bör inte tillmätas exklusivt bevisvärde i samband med avgörandet av ett enskilt ärende. Informationen i sammanställningen återspeglar inte nödvändigtvis Migrationsverkets officiella ståndpunkt i en viss fråga och det finns ingen avsikt att genom sammanställningen göra politiska ställningstaganden. Refererade dokument bör läsas i sitt sammanhang. Källförteckning Ethnologue , Ethiopia, [2013) http://www.ethnologue.com/language/ssy Joshua Project , People-in-Country Profile, Irob, Saho of Ethiopia, [odaterad] http://www.joshuaproject.net/people-profile.php?peo3=14641&rog3=ET Minority Rights Group International, A New Start?, 2000-04-03 http://www.minorityrights.org/download.php?id=148 PeopleGroups.org, People name: Saho of Ethiopia, juli 2013 http://www.peoplegroups.org/Explore/groupdetails.aspx?peid=42732 U. S. Department of State, US Department of State Self Study Guide for Ethiopia, August 2001, 2010-03-25 http://www.governmentattic.org/3docs/Ethiopia%20SSG.pdf .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Report on Minority Groups in Somalia
The Danish Immigration Service Ryesgade 53 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø Phone: + 45 35 36 66 00 Website: www.udlst.dk E-mail: [email protected] Report on minority groups in Somalia Joint British, Danish and Dutch fact-finding mission to Nairobi, Kenya 17 – 24 September 2000 Report on minority groups in Somalia Table of contents 1. Background ..................................................................................................................................5 2. Introduction to sources and methodology....................................................................................6 3. Overall political developments and the security situation in Somalia.......................................10 3.1 Arta peace process in Djibouti...............................................................................................10 3.2 Transitional National Assembly (TNA) and new President ..................................................10 3.2.1 Position of North West Somalia (Somaliland)...............................................................12 3.2.2 Position of North East Somalia (Puntland)....................................................................13 3.2.3 Prospects for a central authority in Somalia ..................................................................13 3.3 Security Situation...................................................................................................................14 3.3.1 General...........................................................................................................................14
[Show full text]
Eritrea: Fact-Finding Mission to Ethiopia
ERITREA: FACT-FINDING MISSION TO ETHIOPIA IN MAY 2019 20.11.2019 Fact-finding Mission Report Country Information Service Raportti MIG-205841 06.03.00 07.04.2020 MIGDno-2019-205 Introduction This report has been prepared as part of the FAKTA project, which has received funding from the European Union’s Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (AMIF).1 Researchers of the Finnish Immigration Service’s Country Information Service conducted a fact-finding mission regarding Eritrea to Ethiopia in May 2019. The purpose of the fact-finding mission was to gather information on the effects of the peace agreement between Eritrea and Ethiopia, the situation at the border between Eritrea and Ethiopia, and the situation of Eritrean refugees in Ethiopia. Another objective of the mission was to create a contact network with international and national operators. During the fact-finding mission, the researchers visited the Tigray Region near the border with Eritrea, and the capital city of Addis Ababa. The researchers interviewed international organisations and Ethiopian operators as well as Eritrean refugees and asylum seekers who had arrived in Ethiopia. The parties interviewed for this report did not want their names revealed in the report, due to the sensitive nature of the subject matter. Some of the interviewees wished to remain completely anonymous. 1 Development Project for fact-finding mission practices on country of origin information 2017–2020. PL 10 PB 10 PO Box 10 00086 Maahanmuuttovirasto 00086 Migrationsverket FI-00086 Maahanmuuttovirasto puh. 0295 430 431 tfn 0295 430 431 tel. +358 295 430 431 faksi 0295 411 720 fax 0295 411 720 fax +358 295 411 720 2 (52) Contents 1 The effects of the peace agreement between Ethiopia and Eritrea in Eritrea .........................
[Show full text]
LEARNING TOGETHER: Collaborative Action Research to Improve Practice at the Asmara Community College of Education
LEARNING TOGETHER: Collaborative action research to improve practice at the Asmara Community College of Education Alem Ghebrecal, Berhane Demoz, Hanna Posti-Ahokas & Ikali Karvinen (Eds). Learning together: Collaborative action research to improve practice at the Asmara Community College of Education 1 Content Background The Asmara Community College Education in the only teachers’ education college producing primary school teachers in the country. Teacher Education in Eritrea began during the time of the British Military Administration in 1943. In the last seven decades, thousands of teachers Background ......................................................................................................................... 3 were trained in the college and played an active role spreading education far and wide. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 4 The teaching profession enjoyed a high social status till the 1970’s. However, with the intensification of the independence struggle due to the repressive and brutal retaliation Learners’ interest to the teaching profession at ACCE ............................................................. 7 by the Ethiopian army, things went from bad to worse as far as education and especially Absenteeism and tardiness among grade 11 and grade 12 learners .......................................... 17 teaching as a profession was concerned. Teachers began to work against all odds. Educa- tion suffered a lot and teaching
[Show full text]
The Question of Structural Violence on the Saho People of Eritrea, in Spite of Their Important Role During the Eritrean Struggle for Independence
Faculty of Humanities, Social Science and Education Centre for Peace Studies The Question of Structural Violence on the Saho people of Eritrea, in spite of their important role during the Eritrean Struggle for Independence Romodan Abdellah Esmail Master’s Thesis in Peace and Conflict Transformation: SVF-3901 University of Tromsø, Norway June 2015 Foreword This thesis is written as a completion to the Master of Peace and Conflict Transformation at the University of Tromsø, Norway. The research focuses on structural violence against the Saho people of Eritrea, a cultural minority group. There is very little information about the Saho people in general and about structural violence on the Saho people in particular. Moreover, under the contemporary despotic government of Eritrea, minority voices become unheard and even forbidden. Their suffering as well has become unrecognized. From these perspectives and as a member of the population being studied, the topic was initiated and selected by myself. The main intention of the research is to hopefully give a reader deeper insight and understanding about the overall situation, mainly the question of structural violence, on the Saho people under the current regime of Eritrea. The full scope of the research is the Saho people therefore it has mainly relied on understandings and narrations of the Saho people. As a true revealing task, the research has chosen to link a human rights and justice perspective to the topic, in line with the research field. Since the current situation of the Saho people are products of pre independence historic processes, as a background, pre independence history of the Saho people has been covered.
[Show full text]
Imagining Peace: Ethiopia- Eritrea Rapprochement
July-August 2018 Volume 30 Issue 3 Imagining Peace: Ethiopia- Eritrea Rapprochement Contents 1. Editor's Note 2. Eritrea-Ethiopia rapprochement and wider dynamics of regional trade, politics and security 3. Where now for the Horn? 4. The Promise and Pitfalls of the New Peace for Eritrea 5. Back to square one between Eritrea and Ethiopia? 6. Peace between Eritrea and Ethiopia: Voices from the Eritrean Diaspora 7. The Recent Ethiopia-Eritrea Diplomatic Thaw: challenges and prospects 8. The impact of the Peace process in the Horn on the European Union’s policy to curb human trafficking and Slavery: The role of the UAE 1 Editorial information This publication is produced by the Life & Peace Institute (LPI) with support from the Bread for the World, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and Church of Sweden International Department. The donors are not involved in the production and are not responsible for the contents of the publication. Editorial principles The Horn of Africa Bulletin is a regional policy periodical, monitoring and analysing key peace and security issues in the Horn with a view to inform and provide alternative analysis on on-going debates and generate policy dialogue around matters of conflict transformation and peacebuilding. The material published in HAB represents a variety of sources and does not necessarily express the views of the LPI. Comment policy All comments posted are moderated before publication. Feedback and subscriptions For subscription matters, feedback and suggestions contact LPI’s Horn of Africa Regional Programme at [email protected]. For more LPI publications and resources, please visit: www.life-peace.org/resources/ Life & Peace Institute Kungsängsgatan 17 753 22 Uppsala, Sweden ISSN 2002-1666 About Life & Peace Institute Since its formation, LPI has carried out programmes for conflict transformation in a variety of countries, conducted research, and produced numerous publications on nonviolent conflict transformation and the role of religion in conflict and peacebuilding.
[Show full text]
Conflict Resolution and Customary Law in Contemporary Eritrea: Case Studies of the Saho Community
Rainer Voigt (ed. / Hrsg.): Tigre Studies in the 21st Century / Tigre-Studien im 21. Jahrhundert, Studien zum Horn von Afrika, 2, Köln 2015, pp. 153–168. Conflict Resolution and Customary Law in Contemporary Eritrea: Case Studies of the Saho Community Abdulkader Saleh Mohammad* & Nicole Hirt** Abstract The Eritrean society is composed of nine ethnic groups who are heterogeneous in na- ture, based on a variety of languages and cultures. Each ethnic group practices different belief systems and various customary laws, which are framed and administered by elder- ly, religious and wise men of the concerned groups. This paper will elaborate the origins of the Saho speaking groups, their traditional rules and regulations. Although the his- torical trace of their customary law is not clearly known, most elders and ʿuqqāls1 of the Saho people claim that it is older than the era of the Islam. This traditional law was pre- served orally among the community and was passed on from generation to generation. Only during the period of the British colonial administration, this oral traditional cul- ture was collected, recorded and written down in 1943. The Saho as agro-pastoralists maintained their self-governance system for long periods, and this should be seen as a base of historical development of the customary law, which was respected and applied by all Saho tribes. The traditional conflict and tension mediation system continued to be practiced during the European and Ethiopian colonial administrations, especially on the local level. The paper will also discuss the relevance of this law in the modern State of Eritrea, and how the government tolerates the traditional forms of social organisation and conflict mediation systems.
[Show full text]
The Gaboye of Somaliland: Legacies of Marginality, Trajectories of Emancipation
University of Milan-Bicocca “Riccardo Massa” Department of Human Sciences for Education Doctoral Programme in Cultural and Social Anthropology Cycle XXIX THE GABOYE OF SOMALILAND: LEGACIES OF MARGINALITY, TRAJECTORIES OF EMANCIPATION Elia Vitturini Registration number 734232 Tutor: Prof. Alice Bellagamba Coordinator: Prof. Ugo E.M. Fabietti ACADEMIC YEAR 2017 A Mascia e Olga. CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 3 PART I 18 WHO ARE THE GABOYE? STUDYING WRITTEN SOURCES AND THE SEARCH FOR CONCEPTUAL TOOLS 18 CHAPTER 1 18 DOCUMENTING THE SUBORDINATION OF THE GABOYE 18 1.1 WRITTEN SOURCES ON THE SUBORDINATION OF THE GABOYE 18 1.2 THE REVIEW OF THE WRITTEN SOURCES OF COLONIAL TIMES 20 1.3 THE DEBATE ABOUT ORIGINS 35 1.4 DOCUMENTING THE SUBORDINATED GROUPS’ SOCIAL POSITION BETWEEN PAST AND PRESENT 41 CHAPTER 2 64 THE ACADEMIC DEBATE AROUND ‘CASTES’ IN AFRICA 64 2.1 THE PEREGRINATIONS OF THE CONCEPT OF ‘CASTE’ ACROSS TIME AND SPACE 64 2.2 PAST AND FUTURE TRAJECTORIES OF THE CONCEPT OF ‘CASTE’ WITHIN AFRICAN STUDIES 68 2.3 RENEWING COMPARATIVE DIALOGUE 73 PART II 78 THE ROUTE OF EMANCIPATION IN THE TOWN OF HARGEYSA 78 EMANCIPATION IN THE SOMALI TERRITORIES 78 CHAPTER 3 82 THE TOWN OF HARGEYSA: THE SETTING OF THE GABOYE’S EMANCIPATION 82 3.1 BRITISH WRITTEN SOURCES: 1880s-1940 82 3.2 HARGEYSA AS THE NEW CAPITAL OF THE PROTECTORATE: 1941-1960 95 3.3 URBANISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE 119 CHAPTER 4 121 THE GABOYE’S ORAL HISTORY 121 4.1 REPRESENTING THE PAST 121 4.2 ORAL HISTORY ABOUT THE ORIGINS OF HARGEYSA 123 4.3 ORAL HISTORY AND HARGEYSA’S FIRST WAVE OF EXPANSION 128 4.4.
[Show full text]
No Peace No War: the Ethiopian–Eritrean Conflict1 Sigatu Tadesse KALEAB2
Vol. 18, No. 1 (2019) 79–91. DOI: 10.32565/aarms.2019.1.5 No Peace No War: The Ethiopian–Eritrean Conflict1 Sigatu Tadesse KALEAB2 The aim of this article is designed to provide an overview of the historical relations between Ethiopia and Eritrea from pre-colonial times up until the break-out, the major causes of the war, as well as its course and to analyze the situation after the cease-fire including the failed UN peacekeeping and later the proxy war in Somalia. The paper is a desk study, mainly based on secondary data analysis of the available secondary information and documentary examinations; news materials, academic literature, books, and online articles were used. By giving insight into the history, the course war and dynamics of conflictual relations and the frozen war between these two states will help to understand the security dynamics of the region. Keywords: conventional war, Ethiopia, Eritrea, proxy war Introduction The relationship between Eritrea and Ethiopia is arguably the most important and volatile and continues to serve as the main source of regional instability in the Horn of Africa. [1] The Horn of Africa is composed of Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Somalia,3 Sudan, South Sudan, and Uganda. In the 1890s, after the opening of the Suez Canal, the British, Italian and French were interested in the region because of their strategic location. After the end of World War II, the United States and in the 1960s, the Soviet Union were interested in the region, therefore at the time of the Cold War, it became the area of the rivalry of superpowers.
[Show full text]
In the Wake of the Overthrow of the Haile-Selassie Regime in Ethiopia In
In the wake of the overthrow of the Haile-Selassie regime in Ethiopia in 1974 and the coming to power of the military, a number of opposition forces launched insurrections. But only one movement, the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), triumphed, liberating Tigray in 1989, and in an ethnic-based coalition which it dominated, assuming state power in 1991. This is the first chronicle of the history of that struggle, and it is based largely on interviews with peasants who formed the core of the Tigrayan revolution and the TPLF leadership. It provides the necessary background to understanding post-1991 political developments in Ethiopia. It also offers an explanation of peasant-based revolution that contrasts with contemporary approaches by Marxists, Skocpol, and in particular the works of Wolf, Paige, Migdal, and Scott, all of whom largely ignore the political considerations and the role of the revolutionary party, which Dr Young identifies as a critical element in his study. Peasant revolution in Ethiopia African Studies Series 90 Editorial Board Professor Naomi Chazan, The Harry S. Truman Research Institute for the Advancement of Peace, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Professor Christopher Clapham, Department of Politics and International Relations, Lancaster University Professor Peter Ekeh, Department of African American Studies, State University of New York, Buffalo Dr John Lonsdale, Trinity College, Cambridge Professor Patrick Manning, Department of History, Northeastern University, Boston Published in collaboration with THE AFRICAN STUDIES CENTRE, CAMBRIDGE A list of books in this series will be found at the end of this volume Peasant revolution in Ethiopia The Tigray People's Liberation Front, 1975-1991 John Young Addis Ababa University I CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.
[Show full text]
POLITICS and RELIGION in ETHIOPIA a Thesis Presented To
POLITICS AND RELIGION IN ETHIOPIA A Thesis Presented to the Department of Political Science Emporia Kansas State College In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science by Tesfahun Aye1e .. -" August 1975 P"-,/'< -A \_..--~ . J E-' i, ,"" i"~ ,""". ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are many people who helped make this thesis possible, but for the hours of time they gave me, and for their patience with this work much above that which could be expected of any thesis committee, I owe a very special thanks to Professor Earl Rohrba~gh, the chairman of the committee; Dr. Melvin Dubnlck, and Dr. Patrick O'Brien. I also must express my gratitude to Mary Lou McClain, who not only typed the manuscript but put up with constant deadlines and my il legible penmanship. Last, I must thank Virginia Egolf, for the hours of editing, many criticisms and patience she contributed. T. A. II ;;-) 36087:7 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page 1. INTRODUCT ION . THE PROBLEM 3 Statement of the Problem 3 Importance of the Study 3 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 5 CHAPTER OUTLI NE 11 2. THE SOCIOLOGY OF ETHIOPIA 13 3. CHURCH AND STATE RELATIONSHIPS .• 27 4. A SURVEY OF SOCIAL, POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CHRISTIANS AND MUSLIMS 55 5. CONTEMPORARY POLITICS OF NATIONAL UNITY AND NATIONALISM 81 6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 105 BIBLIOGRAPHY •.....••.. 115 iii ~, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Ever since the advent of Christianity into the royal palace of the Ethiopian monarchs the religiously, culturally and ethnically diverse and politically semi-autonomous peoples were collectively subjected to the rule of Christian emperors.
[Show full text]
Music and Identity: the Eritrean Diaspora in London1
Music and Identity: The Eritrean Diaspora in London1 Valentina Monsurrò [email protected] SOMMARIO L’Eritrea fu la prima colonia italiana in Africa orientale (1890-1941). In seguito alla caduta del fascismo passò sotto protettorato britannico finché, nel 1952, le Nazioni Unite decisero di federarla all’Etiopia. Dopo un periodo di relativa pace e stabilità, le tensioni tra i due paesi esplosero in un conflitto armato che culminò con l’indipendenza eritrea (1961-1993). Decenni di occupazione straniera, guerre e carestie hanno provocato ingenti flussi migratori dall’Eritrea sin dagli anni Settanta. Ancora oggi il regime dittatoriale, il servizio militare obbligatorio e la continua violazione dei diritti umani spingono molte persone a fuggire, seguendo rotte spesso illegali e pericolose. Le comunità eritree più numerose si trovano in Sudan, Arabia Saudita, Germania, Stati Uniti D’America, Canada e Regno Unito. Il presente articolo trae spunto da una tesi specialistica riguardante il ruolo sociale e politico della musica all’interno delle comunità eritree di Londra. Attingendo all’esperienza di alcuni musicisti eritrei, l’articolo fornisce degli esempi di come la musica interagisca con i processi identitari delle diaspore, sia sul piano individuale sia su quello collettivo. Verrà discusso il concetto di identità nazionale eritrea e il rapporto con le identità regionali minoritarie (nello specifico, l’identità Saho). Esempi tratti dalla ricerca sul campo presso music venues e associazioni culturali forniranno il pretesto per esaminare il rapporto tra le comunità eritree ed etiopi presenti a Londra, in luce dei conflitti bellici e delle controversie politiche intercorse tra i due paesi, mentre l’analisi dei festival, e in particolare delle performance musicali e artistiche al loro interno, permetterà di esplorare il rapporto tra musica e nazionalismo eritreo.
[Show full text]
The Eritrean Land Tenure System from Historical And
THE ERITREAN LAND TENURE SYSTEM FROM HISTORICAL AND LEGAL PERSPECTIVES BY: FUTSUMTESFATSION ABBAY INSTITUTE OF COMPARATIVE LAW, MCGILL UNIVERSITY, MONTREAL, NOVEMBER 2001 A thesis submitted to the Faculty ofGraduate Studies and Research in partial fulf:tllment ofthe requirement for the degree ofMaster ofLaws. © 2001, FUTSUlvf TESFATSION ABBAY National Ubrary Bibliothèque nationale of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographic Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Ottawa ON K1 A ON4 canada Canada Theauthor hasgnmted anon L'autem a accordé une licence non e~clusive li~l1ce allQwmgthe exclusive permettant à la National Library ofCanacla to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, Joan, distribute or.sell reproduire, prêter, ·distribuer ou copies .oftbisthesis inmicrofo1111, vendre des copies de çette thèse sous paperot electronic form~ts. la fonne de microfiche/film, de reproduction sm papier ou sm format élec1:roniqtie. The author retains ownership ofthe L'auteur conseIVe la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur quiprotège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts froID it Ni la thèse ni desextmits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-cine doiventêtreimprimés reproduced without the author's 011 autrement.reproduitssans son perrmSSlon. autorisation. 0-612-79117-3 ABSTRACT A land tenure systemis a set of mIes which govem social relations betvveen peoples in respect to land. Ii: ddines the property rights in land of individuals or groups in a specifie locality or society. The property rights, which are in effect bundles ofrights, may indude the right to use, lease, mortgage, transfer, and so on.
[Show full text]