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Guarea Cedrata Guarea Thompsonii Guarea Laurentii BOSSE

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Guarea Cedrata Guarea Thompsonii Guarea Laurentii BOSSE Nom pilote : BOSSE Fiche n° 138 Famille : MELIACEAE Nom(s) scientifique(s) : Guarea cedrata Guarea thompsonii Guarea laurentii Note : G. cedrata et G. laurentii sont appelés BOSSE clair ; G. thompsonii, BOSSE foncé. DESCRIPTION DE LA GRUME DESCRIPTION DU BOIS Diamètre : de 60 à 100 cm Couleur référence : brun rosâtre Epaisseur de l'aubier : de 5 à 10 cm Aubier : bien distinct Flottabilité : non flottable Grain : fin Conservation en forêt : moyenne (traitement Fil : contrefil recommandé) Contrefil : léger Note : Fil ondulé ou irrégulier. G.thompsonii a un fil plus droit. Il est aussi à la limite de la flottabilité. Bois brun rosâtre (G. cedrata) à brun orangé (G. thompsonii). Aspect légèrement moiré. G. cedrata a une odeur de cèdre et une tendance aux exsudations de résine. PROPRIETES PHYSIQUES PROPRIETES MECANIQUES Les propriétés indiquées concernent les bois arrivés à maturité. Ces propriétés peuvent varier de façon notable selon la provenance et les conditions de croissance des bois. moyenne écart-type moyenne écart-type Densité * : 0.63 0.03 Contrainte de rupture en Dureté Monnin * : 4.2 1.1 compression * : 55 MPa 8 Coeff. retrait volumique : 0.45 % 0.06 Contrainte de rupture en flexion Retrait tangentiel total : 6.8 % 0.7 statique * (flexion 4 points) : 95 MPa 14 Retrait radial total : 4.1 % 1.0 Module d'élasticité longitudinal * Pt de saturation des fibres : 31 % (flexion 4 points) : 12650 MPa 2899 Stabilité en service : stable ( * : à 12 % d'humidité ; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2 ) DURABILITE NATURELLE ET IMPREGNABILITE DU BOIS Les résistances aux champignons et aux termites mentionnées correspondent à des utilisations sous climat tempéré. Sauf mention particulière relative à l'aubier, les caractéristiques de durabilité concernent le duramen des bois arrivés à maturité ; l'aubier doit toujours être considéré comme non durable vis-à-vis des agents de dégradation biologique du bois. Champignons : cl 2 - durable * couverte par Insectes de bois sec : durable ; aubier distinct (risque limité à l'aubier) la durabilité Termites : classe S - sensible naturelle Imprégnabilité : 4 - non imprégnable Classe d'emploi* : 3 - hors contact du sol, à l'extérieur Note : Cette essence est mentionnée dans la norme NF EN 350-2. Bossé clair moyennement durable face aux champignons. Bossé foncé durable. La durée de performance peut être modifiée par la situation en service (intensité de l’exposition) selon la norme NF EN 335. PRINCIPALES APPELLATIONS Pays : Appellations : Pays : Appellations : Cameroun EBANGBEMWA Allemagne BOSSE Congo NINDIAKAT Allemagne DIAMBI Côte d'Ivoire BOSSE Royaume Uni BLACK GUAREA Côte d'Ivoire MUTIGBANAYE Royaume Uni SCENTED GUAREA Gabon OSSOUNG Ghana GUAREA Ghana KWABOHORO Kenya BOLON Nigeria OBOBO NEKWI Nigeria OBOBO NOFUA Rep. Centrafricaine N' ZOMBOU Rep. Dem. Congo BOSASA Rep. Dem. Congo DIAMBI TROPIX 6.0 - CIRAD : diffusion interdite sans autorisation 02/09/2008 Page 1 / 2 BOSSE Fiche n° 138 NECESSITE D'UN TRAITEMENT DE PRESERVATION Contre les attaques d'insectes de bois sec : ce bois ne nécessite pas de traitement de préservation En cas d'humidification temporaire : ce bois ne nécessite pas de traitement de préservation En cas d'humidification permanente : l'utilisation de ce bois n'est pas conseillée SECHAGE Table de séchage suggérée : Vitesse de séchage : rapide à normale Humidité (%) Température (°C) Humidité Risque de déformation : peu élevé du bois sèche humide de l'air (%) Risque de cémentation : non Risque de gerces : peu élevé Vert 50 47 84 Risque de collapse : non 40 50 45 75 30 55 47 67 20 70 55 47 15 75 58 44 Table donnée à titre indicatif pour des épaisseurs < 38 mm. Elle est à valider par une mise en application dans le respect des règles de l'art. Pour des épaisseurs comprises entre 38 et 75 mm , l'humidité relative de l'air serait à augmenter de 5% à chaque étape. Pour des épaisseurs supérieure à 75 mm , l'augmentation serait de 10%. Note : Une tendance aux exsudations de résine en particulier dans le G.cedrata peut affecter l'aspect des bois secs. SCIAGE ET USINAGE Effet désaffûtant : assez important Denture pour le sciage : denture stellitée Outils d'usinage : au carbure de tungstène Aptitude au déroulage : bonne Aptitude au tranchage : bonne Note : Le taux de silice du G.cedrata peut être élevé à très élevé. Poussières irritantes. ASSEMBLAGE Clouage - vissage : bonne tenue Collage : correct Note : Des avant-trous peuvent être nécessaires pour le G.thompsonii en raison de sa dureté. Le collage du G. cedrata peut présenter des difficultés à cause des exsudations de résine. UTILISATIONS Principales utilisations connues à valider par une mise en oeuvre dans le respect des règles de l'art. Remarque importante : certaines utilisations sont mentionnées à titre d'information (utilisations traditionnelles, régionales ou anciennes). Note : Un bouche-porage est conseillé afin d'obtenir une meilleure finition. Les exsudations de résine peuvent gêner dans certains emplois. Menuiserie extérieure Menuiserie intérieure Lambris Revêtement extérieur Construction navale (bordé et pont) Placage tranché Ebénisterie (meuble de luxe) Meuble courant ou éléments Boites à cigares Intérieur de contreplaqué Face ou contreface de contreplaqué Volets roulants Parquet Charpente légère TROPIX 6.0 - CIRAD : diffusion interdite sans autorisation 02/09/2008 Page 2 / 2.
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