02

INTRODUCTION

IMAGINE IDYLWYLD Saskatoon John G. Diefenbaker International Hudson Bay Airport Industrial 10km Lawson Heights North Saskatoon Industrial Forestry Hampton Farm 5km Village Mayfair University Willowgrove Confederation Heights University of Park West- Caswell 2.5km Pacific Heights Saskatchewan mount Hill 1km Downtown Parkridge Riversdale Saskatoon Grosvenor Nutana Park Wildwood Holliston Holiday Park

Adelaide/ Lakeview Rosewood Churchill Eastview

Stonebridge

Figure 2.1: The Site in the City Context

Circle Drive Idylwyld Drive N

22nd St W College Dr

Idylwyld Drive Fwy

Circle Drive

Figure 2.2: The Site in the City-Wide Circulation Context Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_012 INTRODUCTION

Imagine Idylwyld is a twelve month City of Saskatoon planning In the last four years, Idylwyld Drive has been affected by two and design initiative for Idylwyld Drive. The purpose of the major infrastructure projects: project is to develop a new vision and conceptual plan to improve the function, safety, connectivity and quality of the The opening of Circle Drive South significantly changed roadway and public realm along Idylwyld Drive, between 20th traffic volumes, composition, and patterns. Idylwyld Drive Street and 25th Street East. experienced decreased traffic volumes as drivers moved their trips from 22nd Street and Senator Sid Buckwold Idylwyld Drive is, and will continue to be, a major north- Bridge to Circle Drive South. Specifically, the intersection south arterial corridor in Saskatoon and a key gateway of 22nd Street and Idylwyld Drive underwent decreases in into the City Centre for motorized vehicles. However, its the proportion of northbound left turns and eastbound right current configuration poses a challenging environment for turns. Moreover, the City removed Idylwyld Drive and 22nd pedestrians to navigate, dividing surrounding neighbourhoods Street from its Truck Routes, dramatically decreasing the and districts. Improvements to Idylwyld Drive will help link the number of heavy trucks with trailers using Idylwyld Drive. neighbourhoods and the business districts, making it easier for people to get around the City Centre and help define the The extension of 25th Street East, between 1st Avenue and street as a gateway by cultivating a sense of arrival. Idylwyld Drive, also contributed to traffic pattern changes. Previously, traffic to and from the University Bridge dispersed PROJECT BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT through the Downtown to connect with Idylwyld Drive. Now, that same east-west traffic is concentrated at the Idylwyld Drive serves as a key north-south travel corridor intersection of 25th Street East and Idylwyld Drive. through Saskatoon and connection to the City Centre. Further, it connects with 22nd Street and 25th Street East, These changed traffic conditions above, along with the City’s both east-west major arterial roadways. The project area new policies to guide the growth and development of the city represents a dynamic zone bordered by four neighbourhoods: to 500,000 people, are driving the need to revisit the vision Riversdale and Caswell Hill to the west, and Downtown and and character of the corridor. The Imagine Idylwyld project Central Industrial to the east. will examine existing and future transportation movement patterns, current and future zoning and land uses, and The area also includes the Riversdale Business Improvement existing and proposed built forms to gain an understanding of District (BID) and Downtown Saskatoon BID. Idylwyld Drive’s role as a major urban arterial roadway - now and in the future.

PROJECT TIMELINE

PHASE 01 PHASE 02 PHASE 03 PHASE 04 Background Corridor WE Development of Concept Streetscape Review Assessment ARE Alternatives Design 6 weeks 12 weeks HERE 18 weeks 20 weeks

Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_013 CENTRAL LEGEND Avenue B Avenue

Avenue C Avenue INDUSTRIAL Study Area D Avenue Saskatoon Idylwyld Drive Area of Impact Police 25th St W Services Block Holiday Inn

Saskatoon Designated Public Health 24th St W Heritage Railway Station CASWELL HILL

STC Passenger 23rd St W Terminal

Wall Street Parking Lot

Holiday Inn 22nd St W

YMCA TCU Place

The Saskatoon Blok DOWNTOWN Fire Station 21st St W No. 1 Cactus Midtown Club Plaza Auditorium Ave

20th St W 1st Ave S

2nd Ave S

RIVERSDALE Scotiabank Theatre Toys ‘R’ Us Avenue A Avenue

19th St W

Saskatoon Farmer’s Market

Remai Parcel Y Centre for the Arts

South Saskatchewan River

Figure 2.3: Imagine Idylwyld Study Area and Area of Impact Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_014 LOW DENSITY, SINGLE-USE ABUNDANT SUPPLY OF MODEST SCALE AUTO-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT PARKING DEVELOPMENT SITE DESIGN

NO TRANSIT 6 LANE ROADWAY WIDE PEDESTRIAN NO CYCLING NARROW FACILITIES / SERVICES CROSSING FACILITIES SIDEWALK INTRODUCTION Figure 2.4: Idylwyld Drive - An Auto-Oriented Corridor

STUDY AREA The closing of the original railway station and construction The “Study Area” for Imagine Idylwyld was determined and of the Idylwyld Drive freeway in the 1960s made way for refined with the feedback from a series of engagement modern developments including Midtown Plaza and TCU efforts with the Steering Committee, Stakeholders, and the Place. However with the removal of the railway station, the Public. Generally, the boundary includes a one block perimeter new Idylwyld Drive no longer served the market function of surrounding Idylwyld Drive between 20th Street and 25th the former Avenue A. Today the urban fabric of the study area Street. Additional areas beyond the one block perimeter, is dominated by transit oriented businesses . including Wall Street and the Toys “R” Us block, were included to ensure that future designs can make provisions for A large contributor to its perception as a dividing line is access and servicing, and that suitable lands are available the fact that Idylwyld Drive is an auto-oriented corridor, as for ‘gateway’ areas into the City Centre as defined by the City defined and characterized in the City of Saskatoon’s Growth Centre Plan Study. Plan. This condition is illustrated, in its context, in Figure 2.4. It is defined by low density and modestly scaled single-use The “Area of Impact” includes lands and developments that developments, large expanses of surface parking lots, auto- might affect Imagine Idylwyld - or vice versa. This area oriented road and site design, no transit facilities or services, was established based on the site analysis in this report a 6 lane roadway with wide pedestrian crossings, narrow and by mapping the extent of feedback and comments sidewalks and no cycling facilities. received during engagement events. Policies established throughout the Imagine Idylwyld project may make policy The corridor’s current configuration is increasingly in conflict recommendations throughout this area. with the growing urban context in which it is located, creating numerous safety issues for vehicles, cyclists and pedestrians. Idylwyld Drive is a major connector between 4 core neighbourhoods of Saskatoon: Downtown, Riversdale, Caswell Hill, and Central Industrial. As a key north-south corridor Idylwyld Drive is also an integral connection point to the City Centre and the Saskatchewan River. However, due to the legacy of the former railway and shunting yards which formed a north-south barrier between the Downtown Core to the East and expanding City to the West, there continues to be a lack of connectivity between these neighbourhoods today. In effect, the study area is a distinct dividing line through the centre of the city.

Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_015 Figure 2.5: Integrated design solutions

Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_016 INTRODUCTION

STANDARDS OF CARE The Project Team established the following Standards of Care for Imagine Idylwyld to clearly communicate the project The street design will be compatible with the intended land scope to stakeholders and the public, as well as establish a use, not the other way around. The intended land use will be framework to help guide the project: determined through this study process.

Vehicular grade separations will not be considered. The There is no intent to force anyone out – over the long term the street will be designed to be safe and to encourage driving access to adjacent properties may evolve along with the land speeds around a speed limit of 50 km/h. A well-designed and use. engaging landscape / streetscape will help to achieve this.

Winter weather and snow management will be considered in It will be designed for the safe and efficient movement of the street design. large volumes of cars and trucks as a key link in the City’s motor vehicle transportation network.

Modern guidelines allow a great deal of context-sensitive This includes Walking, Cycling, Driving, Transit, and Freight. approaches. Idylwyld is not a suitable context for pioneering street design elements never before used or researched for use in Canada.

This includes children, able-bodied adults, seniors, wheelchair users, visually impaired, hearing impaired.

OUT OF SCOPE ITEMS The following projects are running parallel to the Imagine Idylwyld process. These are projects that, while not a part of the Imagine Idylwyld scope, will be influential in its outcomes: • Second phase of Idylwyld Drive Redevelopment : 25th Street and North • Improvement, Redevelopment or Relocation of Fire Station No. 1 • Downtown Arena • Railway Working Group

Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_017 DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE

3 5 4 AVENUE A

1 2

CN Rail Yards 1890 - 1965 1. CN PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE 2. FAIRBANKS-MORSE WAREHOUSE

1909 1911 3. MARKET SQUARE 5. AVENUE A STOREFRONTS

1914 4. 20th STREET

1921 Photo credit for all images: Local History Room - Saskatoon Public Library Figure 2.6: Development Era I - Hub City Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_018 IDYLWYLD DRIVE

2

1 3 4 2Midtown Plaza 1966 - Present 1. TCU PLACE AND MIDTOWN PLAZA CON- 2. IDYLWYLD DRIVE BRIDGE STRUCTION

1966 1968 3. CENTENNIAL AUDITORIUM/ TCU 4. MIDTOWN PLAZA PLACE

1968 1970 Photo credit for all images: Local History Room - Saskatoon Public Library Figure 2.7: Development Era II - Post-War Revitalization Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_019 2 3

1

IDYLWYLD DRIVE

4 Study Area - Present Day

1. MARKET SQUARE 2. RIVER LANDING

2007 2016 3. THE BLOK 4. PARCEL Y

Photo credits: 1. Tourism Saskatchewan, 2. Colliers Canada,2016 3. KSA Group Architecture , 4. Jason Lowe Visuals 2019 Figure 2.8: Development Era III Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_020 INTRODUCTION

DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE Post-War Growth and Recovery: 1950 – 1970 The City of Saskatoon, including the Imagine Idylwyld By 1950, Saskatoon had survived two World Wars and the study area, has seen three major periods of growth and Great Depression. The next 20 years however, would see development which have significantly defined our city. changes that would leave a lasting mark on the Imagine Idylwyld study area. The population exploded, almost doubling Hub City: 1890-1914 from 1951-1961 and the city began sprawling outwards, The catalyst for the growth of the City of Saskatoon was adding new neighbourhoods and overflowing historical city the development of the railway in 1890, crossing the river limits. The number of motor vehicles on the roads tripled where the Senator Sid Buckwold Bridge is today on its way during the same time, which meant that the downtown railway from Regina to Prince Albert. The decision was made to build yards were no longer just a barrier to people crossing from the railway station, not in the original Temperance Colony east to west, but a major cause of congestion all over the settlement where Nutana is now, but across the river in what city. This was exacerbated by the fact that the only way to is now Downtown, on First Avenue at 20th Street. As a result, get from one side of Saskatoon to the other was by passing this area quickly eclipsed the original settlement in both size through the heart of Downtown. and importance, incorporating as the Village of Saskatoon in 1901, then as a town on July 1, 1903. By 1905, there were The proposed solution was twofold: move the railway yards three separate settlements here: the Town of Saskatoon, and build a freeway that would allow east-west traffic to the Village of Nutana, and the newly-incorporated Village of skirt the downtown altogether. On November 14, 1964, Riversdale, west of the tracks. In 1906 they amalgamated to the last train crossed the CNR Bridge and soon after that, become the City of Saskatoon. construction began on the Idylwyld Freeway and bridge connecting Highway 11 to Avenue A, which – except for a The building of new railway lines through Saskatoon in small piece south of 20th Street – was widened and re-named the years that followed, and the City's immense growth in Idylwyld Drive. population – from 2,500 in 1905 to an estimated 28,000 by 1913 – gained Saskatoon the nickname “the Hub City”, and The Idylwyld freeway officially opened on October 26, 1966. helped make it the economic heart of a vast rural hinterland. Meanwhile, 20th and 22nd Streets had been extended As the city grew, so did the downtown railway yards until they through to link Downtown with Riversdale, and where formed a nearly-impenetrable barrier between First Avenue the railway yards had been, a grand shopping plaza and and Avenue A, all the way from the river to 23rd Street, Saskatoon’s long-awaited civic auditorium (the present-day effectively blocking access between the downtown core and TCU Place) were being built. the rapidly growing west-side. Construction of an underpass beneath the tracks at 19th Street, and a footbridge over top Sask-a-Boom: 2005 and beyond: of them at 20th Street, did little to ameliorate the situation, Prices of natural resources and commodities such as the legacy of which remains even today. oil, potash, gold, diamonds, coal, uranium and agriculture increased significantly in the opening years of the 21st Nevertheless, the Imagine Idylwyld study area was a thriving century, making Saskatchewan an important economic commercial, warehouse and industrial district, including driver for Canada, and Saskatoon the engine that drove the establishments like the Cockshut Plow Co. and the S.A. provincial economy. Saskatoon was the fastest growing Early Feed and Seed Co. - with its grain elevators a west- city in Canada in the late 2000’s, including a substantial side landmark for decades. On the Riversdale side of what physical expansion that has necessitated a number of large became Idylwyld Drive, then Avenue A – like 20th Street infrastructure projects, notably the completion of the Circle itself – was primarily made up of small shops and businesses, Drive bypass, among others. Nevertheless, the overall most of which were family-run and reflected the area’s ethnic pattern of growth and development in recent years has diversity. The old City Market, built in 1911 on Market Square, largely been defined by a return to mixed-use, human scaled north of 21st Street where Fire Hall No. 1 now stands, was spaces. Saskatoon’s first farmers market. On 20th Street, King Edward Hotel and Theatre was one of several substantial Riversdale hotels. Farther north, was the Canadian Pacific Railway station – still standing at Idylwyld Drive and 23rd Street – and Cairns field, Saskatoon’s first professional baseball stadium, which was built in 1914 on the east side of Avenue A just south of 26th Street.

Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_021 Figure 2.9: City-Wide Land Use Strategy, City of Saskatoon Official Community Plan, 2014

Figure 2.10: City-Wide Zoning Strategy, City of Saskatoon Zoning Bylaw No. 8770 Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_022 INTRODUCTION

POLICY CONTEXT These strategic goals include: There are many Provincial and City policies that will contribute • Continuous Improvement; to the reshaping of the Idylwyld Drive corridor. This section • Asset and Financial Sustainability; provides a high level overview of the key policy documents, planning initiatives and development projects which will • Quality of Life; influence the corridor, or to which Imagine Idylwyld will • Environmental Leadership; respond. • Sustainable Growth; • Moving Around; and The Planning and Development Act, 2007 The purpose of The Planning and Development Act, 2007 is • Economic Diversity and Prosperity. to: The purpose of the Strategic Goals is to emphasize the areas • Provide a community planning framework that that the community and City Council have identified to realize promotes economic growth, environmental the vision and accomplish the mission over the next ten years. sustainability, social and cultural development, and Each goal has strategies and drivers for short and long-term sustainable communities; execution and indicators for evaluation. Imagine Idylwyld will • Provide the legislative authority to create and seek to implement these goals throughout the project and implement the Statements of Provincial Interest; corridor wherever possible. • Strengthen communities by providing municipalities with clear, consistent and effective tools for City of Saskatoon Official Community Plan Bylaw No. community planning; 8769, 2014 The City of Saskatoon Official Community Plan (OCP) • Foster cooperation and partnerships among provides the policy framework to define, direct and evaluate municipalities, governments, First Nations and Métis development in the City of Saskatoon to a population of communities, entrepreneurs and all citizens so that 500,000. The plan ensures that development takes place in they can invest in and build communities; an orderly and rational manner, balancing the environmental, • Respond to requests from municipalities for more social and economic needs of the community. All other plans local autonomy and authority, streamlined planning related to land use and development are secondary to the processes, and clearer and more flexible ways to OCP and must be consistent with it. administer planning bylaws; and • Ensure that the public has meaningful input before Strategic directions of the plan include: planning decisions are made, and that decision- • Managing growth by directing it to the urban area makers are accountable. where services already exist or where they can be provided efficiently; and City of Saskatoon Strategic Plan, 2013 As a result of the feedback from, and vision established by, • Directing growth in the urban area to areas where Saskatoon Speaks, the City of Saskatoon Strategic Plan sets it can be accommodated in compact mixed-use specific objectives for the City to 2024. development, and served with quality transit, walking and cycling facilities.

Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_023 Figure 2.11: Corridor Redevelopment Strategy - City of Saskatoon Growth Plan, 2016 Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_024 INTRODUCTION

Zoning Bylaw No. 8770 of the City of Saskatoon experience. While people will still use cars, an efficient transit The purpose of City’s Zoning Bylaw is to regulate system with rapid transit will help to alleviate and even bypass development in the City of Saskatoon to provide for the congestion, ensuring that people can move around the health, safety, and general welfare of the inhabitants of the city quickly and easily. Attractive transit will also reinforce municipality, in accordance with the provisions of the OCP. opportunities for sustainable growth along major corridors. The Growth Plan includes enhancements to the way existing The study area and area of impact of the Imagine Idylwyld services are provided, increases to the amount and types of project accommodates several different zoning districts and services available, and implementation of rapid transit lines categories covering uses such as commercial, industrial, over the next 30 years which will have significant impacts on institutional, residential and mixed use areas. the Idylwyld Drive corridor.

City of Saskatoon Growth Plan Employment Areas The City of Saskatoon’s Growth Plan to Half a Million is The Growth Plan ensures the city has the right amount of about making choices to proactively manage the changes employment in the right areas. The Imagine Idylwyld study associated with growth, creating a city that is vibrant and area falls within the ‘Core Neighbourhood Area’ (CNA), attractive to future generations. A vibrant Saskatoon has Saskatoon’s largest employment area. This employment a diverse mix of housing, commercial, social, cultural, and area includes the Central Business District (CBD) and the recreational opportunities that are universally accessible by neighbourhoods of Pleasant Hill, Caswell Hill, Westmount, all modes of transportation, including walking, cycling, transit, King George, Riversdale, City Park, Nutana and Varsity View. and driving. The Growth Plan is made up of several themes that, when pieced together, form a new growth model for Active Transportation Saskatoon: Through a number of directions and actions for: connectivity, safety, convenience, land use, maintenance and accessibility, Corridor Growth the Growth Plan’s Active Transportation Plan (ATP), 2016, The Growth Plan explores ways to encourage growth and provides choices for how people move around the city, redevelopment near Saskatoon’s major corridors, - such as particularly by walking and cycling. Idylwyld Drive is identified Idylwyld Drive - in order to reduce outward growth pressures, as a “Multi-Modal Corridor”, which are major streets that need provide more housing options close to employment areas, further review to consider how they will accommodate active and enhance transportation choices throughout the city. transportation given other competing priorities. Residents have expressed a desire for sustainable growth options and a better balance of outward and upward growth. Financing Growth Corridor Growth is essential to transforming low-density, Planning ahead for the costs of growth the City has an auto-centric land uses into vibrant communities that support opportunity to define a future as a resilient city. Through this attractive transit. plan, the City aims to: • Better utilize land and infrastructure assets; Transit Public transit is a major focus of the Growth Plan, given the • Provide opportunities for the public to use an important role it plays in supporting and shaping growth. efficient, convenient transit system; Residents have expressed a desire for a more accessible, • Have the types and forms of development where efficient transit system with an attractive customer people can travel locally and choose to walk or bike;

Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_025 IDYLWYLD DRIVE

25th STREET E

Figure 2.12: North Downtown Master Plan streetscape and built form character (above) and aerial perspective (below)

Figure 2.13: City Centre Vision Plan and Pedestrian Priority Streets Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_026 INTRODUCTION

• Provide a range of housing types to meet the needs Downtown Parking Strategy, 2016 of all people; The Downtown Parking Strategy assesses existing parking • Provide jobs close to homes; supply, demand and utilization and identifies options for a series of growth scenarios. The Midtown and Warehouse • Provide health care and community facilities required districts fall within the Imagine Idylwyld study area and area to support families and other community needs; of impact and provide an existing parking supply of 3,949 • Protect the natural environment; surface parking spots. The Downtown Parking Strategy • Be more affordable to run in the long-term. suggests that future parking demand for Imagine Idylwyld will need to address a deficit of approximately 700 parking City Centre Plan, 2013 spots in addition to meeting the parking requirements for any These plans are focused on the redevelopment and new development, as per zoning requirements. The 700 spot revitalization of Saskatoon’s core areas, with a strong focus deficit is based on TCU Place’s inability to self-sufficiently on encouraging more people to live and work in the City provide parking. Centre area. The City Centre Plan, adopted by City Council in the fall of 2013, is a comprehensive plan for the downtown and the major corridors leading into the core. The plan is focused on improving the City Centre by creating market demand for residential, office and business uses so that the City Centre continues to be the cultural and entertainment hub for the region with employment, corporate offices, and store-front retail.

North Downtown Master Plan When approved, the North Downtown Master Plan will create a vision for an integrated community which is compact, diverse and walkable on an underutilized site directly north of Saskatoon’s City Centre. This plan also sets a framework for urban conditions at the corner of Idylwyld Drive and 25th Street East that will have an impact on the design of Imagine Idylwyld.

Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_027 Figure 2.14: Figure 2.8: Downtown Land Use Changes Adopted through the Warehouse District LAP process

Figure 2.15: 25th Street Realignment and Streetscape Improvements

Figure 2.16: Riversdale Business Improvement District Focus Areas Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_028 INTRODUCTION

Local Area Plans with existing conditions and heritage preservation. It also Local Area Planning is a community-based approach to recommends that the Municipal Transit Facility site be developing comprehensive neighbourhood plans. It enables considered for redevelopment upon relocation. Several traffic residents, business owners, property owners, community calming initiatives to mitigate potential impacts by the 25th groups and other stakeholders direct input into determining Street extension were also proposed. the future of their community. A Local Area Plan (LAP) sets out objectives and policies that guide the growth and Warehouse District LAP, 2002 development of a neighbourhood or selected area. The scope The Warehouse District LAP creates a framework to create of a LAP depends on the issues and opportunities identified a “teeming urban environment reinventing itself in the shell by the stakeholders involved. of its historic industrial character, the Warehouse District offers diverse alternatives of livability and enterprise unique Riversdale LAP, 2008 to the center of the city. The District will be nurtured from a Riversdale is one of Saskatoon’s original communities. forgotten urban core to a vibrant people place that supports Located near the heart of Saskatoon, the neighbourhood arts and culture, in harmony with a variety of mixed uses”. plays a very important role in providing housing, employment, and services to a diverse range of citizens. The The vision statement was supported by a series of neighbourhood has been experiencing unique pressures, such recommendations which have significantly changed this area as land use conflicts, new development pressures, housing of the Downtown. In addition to the 25th Street realignment deterioration, socio-economic challenges, safety issues, and extension, OCP and Zoning amendments were made traffic and circulation concerns, and perceptions issues. to facilitate Downtown land use changes and create an RA- Reinvestment Area District. This change fractured a large Riversdale Business Development Revitalization Plan, mixed use commercial land use zones, leaving only small 2013 pockets to buffer other major land use zones. Also proposed The Riversdale Business Improvement District (RBID), in were the use of public lands to create a residential and/or association with the City of Saskatoon prepared a plan to multi-use catalyst development. The plan also created several revitalize the district to improve neighbourhood health and design recommendations such as design guidelines and safety, retain and attract businesses and organizations, special streetscape consideration at the corner of Idylwyld renew the public image of the district, and develop an Drive and 25th Street as a gateway - which has recently been action plan. The action plan uses a multi-pronged approach; completed. The LAP also proposes that historic character addressing surplus lands, creating community champions, lighting standards be applied throughout the District, which a addressing public perception through marketing campaigns, portion of Idylwyld Drive falls within. This could potential be in programming activities, addressing policy inadequacies, conflict with a modern vision for Imagine Idylwyld. and providing improved development incentives. Spatial considerations of this plan are illustrated in Figure 2.16.

Caswell Hill LAP, 2001 The Caswell Hill LAP aims to create a vital, diverse residential community containing a strong group of businesses, community schools, churches, parks, and services. The LAP proposed several key recommendations to address land use conflicts between industrial/residential areas and Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_029 IMAGINE IDYLWYLD 16.32073.00 12/28/2016 Canada,Regina-Saskatchewan Page: 3 ASHRAE Climate Zone 7 2 CLIMATE AND PLACE

Very Cold ASHRAE Classification ASHRAE Climate Zone 7 5000 < HDD18ºC <= 7000

KOPPEN Equivalent Dfb Characterized by cold winters and warm summers. Exhibit little humidity.

Dry Bulb Temperature Degree Days Precipitation and Relative Humidity

50 30 120.0 100%

40 20 90%

100.0 78% 30 77% 80% 10 74% 71% 71% 18.8 67% 68% 20 16.2 16.5 0 70% 64% 11.8 80.0 10.5 60% 59% C)

 10 -10 56% 60% 3.8 4.9 51%

0 -20 60.0 50% -5.9 -7.8 101.9 102.1 -12.8 99.6 -10 -13.7 DEGREE DAYS -30 95.8 40% -15.6 93.7 93.5 TEMPERATURE ( PRECIPITATION (MM) 88.4 40.0 81.0 82.3 75.7 -20 -40 72.6 30% 65.8

-30 -50 20% 20.0

-40 -60 10%

-50 -70 0.0 0% Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Legend °C Legend Legend MM %

Above Comfort Cooling Degree Days above 10 °C (CDD10°C) Precipitation Annual rainfall: 1052.4 MM

IMAGINEComfort IDYLWYLD Range Heating Degree Days below 18 °C (HDD18°C) Relative humidity 16.32073.00Below Comfort 12/28/2016 Canada,Regina-Saskatchewan Page: 4 Durinal shift CDD 10°C HDD 18°C ASHRAE Climate Zone 7 Average Dry Bulb Temperature 924 5934

Ground Temperature 2 CLIMATEAverage Wet Bulb Temperature AND PLACE

Dry Bulb Temperature Humidity Horizontal Solar Radiation

93% 6% 1% 14% 60% 26% 65% 13% 24%

Below Comfort / Cool Indoor comfort Warm / Above Comfort Below Comfort / Dry Ideal Humid/Above Comfort Low Medium High

-15.9 -14.2 -9.2 0.6 6.7 13.0 14.8 13.6 7.2 2.6 -7.3 -14.5 71.9 81.0 74.1 69.0 65.5 68.1 67.4 76.0 71.5 75.7 79.9 75.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.2 -14.3 -9.3 0.2 5.8 12.3 14.2 13.2 6.8 2.3 -7.4 -14.8 2 AM 73.3 82.0 73.8 72.1 69.5 71.0 69.6 76.7 73.2 75.5 80.1 76.2 2 AM 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 AM -16.6 -14.6 -9.8 0.0 5.3 11.7 13.6 12.6 6.3 1.9 -7.6 -15.0 70.2 82.1 74.8 72.3 71.3 73.0 71.2 78.9 74.1 76.7 80.3 75.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.5 -14.7 -9.9 -0.4 4.8 11.3 13.1 12.4 5.8 1.7 -7.7 -15.5 4 AM 71.5 81.0 74.5 72.8 72.2 75.3 72.7 80.0 76.3 77.3 80.5 75.6 4 AM 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4 AM -16.5 -14.9 -10.1 -0.8 4.8 10.9 12.4 12.1 5.7 1.4 -7.8 -15.5 71.3 81.0 74.5 74.8 72.8 76.4 74.8 81.5 76.2 77.7 81.8 74.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.5 -15.1 -10.5 -0.2 6.3 11.1 12.3 11.7 5.5 1.2 -8.0 -15.5 6 AM 71.4 81.2 74.5 72.4 69.4 76.9 75.5 83.2 76.5 77.9 82.0 74.2 6 AM 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.9 40.5 20.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6 AM -16.3 -15.0 -10.8 0.8 8.2 12.4 14.3 12.3 6.6 0.9 -8.1 -15.3 71.3 80.5 73.7 70.0 63.5 74.0 71.6 81.6 74.9 77.4 80.8 74.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25.2 107.5 142.5 115.3 37.9 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.5 -14.9 -10.8 2.3 10.7 13.8 16.3 13.6 8.6 0.9 -7.7 -15.5 8 AM 70.9 79.1 73.4 64.5 54.9 69.9 66.9 78.2 71.6 77.9 79.4 74.9 8 AM 0.0 0.0 15.5 122.4 234.2 262.8 253.4 150.1 67.6 4.0 0.0 0.0 8 AM -16.9 -14.5 -10.1 3.9 12.9 15.2 18.1 15.4 10.9 1.8 -6.6 -15.4 71.1 78.3 73.1 58.7 46.7 65.0 62.5 73.4 65.3 76.5 76.6 75.7 0.0 10.0 116.7 250.5 378.4 377.8 388.2 276.1 181.5 76.0 7.4 0.0 -16.9 -13.3 -9.3 5.4 14.4 16.7 20.0 16.9 12.6 3.7 -5.4 -15.1 10 AM 71.2 76.6 72.8 52.3 42.5 60.0 56.1 67.8 60.6 72.8 74.9 76.1 10 AM 23.0 102.2 239.6 367.8 503.5 503.5 508.2 408.4 292.1 187.7 75.2 18.6 10 AM -16.5 -12.1 -8.0 6.5 15.3 17.9 21.3 18.6 13.9 5.6 -4.2 -13.9 70.4 75.2 71.7 49.7 40.4 55.6 50.0 60.9 56.1 68.3 73.9 75.3 115.8 223.0 384.0 484.2 589.6 617.2 609.7 526.2 382.8 281.6 149.8 97.4 -15.9 -10.7 -6.7 7.5 16.3 18.8 22.2 19.5 14.9 7.2 -2.8 -12.9 12 PM 70.4 75.4 68.5 47.7 38.0 51.5 46.2 57.4 51.7 62.9 69.4 74.4 12 PM 206.0 322.3 466.7 555.7 642.9 660.3 678.9 587.0 449.1 358.4 213.3 167.6 12 PM -15.0 -10.1 -5.8 7.9 17.2 19.8 23.1 20.1 15.6 8.7 -2.1 -11.6 69.2 75.1 67.4 46.9 36.5 47.9 43.1 55.0 49.3 58.0 66.8 73.8 260.9 387.5 551.3 570.1 671.8 681.6 722.4 635.3 513.7 394.5 247.8 208.8 -14.1 -9.5 -5.1 8.4 17.8 20.5 23.6 20.7 15.9 9.9 -1.8 -11.0 2 PM 69.6 73.9 67.3 45.0 33.9 45.1 40.9 53.0 48.2 54.1 67.6 71.3 2 PM 265.5 415.3 547.3 582.5 675.3 660.7 720.6 611.0 526.2 388.2 245.3 207.6 2 PM -13.7 -9.5 -4.6 8.6 17.9 20.6 24.0 20.7 16.1 10.5 -2.0 -10.7 70.0 74.9 67.4 45.1 34.6 44.1 39.4 52.7 47.3 51.5 67.1 70.0 245.2 388.2 518.9 560.5 606.9 613.6 666.9 573.5 468.8 350.5 208.7 176.4 -13.7 -9.9 -4.4 8.6 17.8 20.8 24.2 21.0 15.8 10.7 -3.2 -11.1 4 PM 69.0 76.3 67.1 44.9 33.5 43.1 38.3 51.0 47.9 51.1 69.7 70.0 4 PM 166.5 316.7 429.7 499.7 524.6 548.5 599.8 500.5 381.5 281.2 140.9 108.4 4 PM -14.0 -10.5 -4.6 8.0 17.6 20.7 24.3 20.9 15.3 10.1 -4.5 -11.9 69.2 76.0 66.9 45.6 33.8 42.7 37.6 51.6 49.5 52.3 73.1 72.0 73.8 198.8 344.2 398.7 458.1 477.8 512.4 425.7 300.1 172.3 57.0 22.3 -14.3 -11.4 -5.0 7.1 16.9 20.3 24.0 20.6 13.5 8.7 -5.6 -12.5 6 PM 70.3 76.9 68.2 50.1 35.3 43.6 37.9 52.1 54.6 56.0 75.3 72.8 6 PM 3.9 69.3 197.4 290.9 353.6 389.8 420.5 316.7 210.2 58.4 0.9 0.0 6 PM -14.8 -11.9 -5.9 5.3 15.5 19.8 23.0 19.7 11.6 6.9 -6.4 -13.0 71.9 77.8 69.2 56.7 39.1 45.6 41.1 55.2 60.2 60.4 76.7 75.1 0.0 1.0 61.8 158.6 252.7 285.1 288.2 203.9 80.5 1.3 0.0 0.0 -15.0 -12.5 -6.6 3.7 13.3 18.9 21.9 18.2 10.3 5.6 -6.8 -13.4 8 PM 72.0 78.2 70.7 62.6 45.2 48.0 44.0 59.6 63.8 64.6 78.9 76.0 8 PM 0.0 0.0 0.4 42.2 125.4 170.7 174.8 79.8 6.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 8 PM -15.2 -12.7 -7.1 2.8 11.3 17.2 20.0 16.8 9.2 5.0 -7.1 -13.6 71.5 78.6 71.9 65.7 50.4 53.5 50.2 64.4 66.6 66.0 79.2 76.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.2 61.1 56.6 6.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -15.4 -13.1 -7.4 2.4 10.1 15.8 17.9 15.7 8.5 4.3 -7.1 -13.9 10 PM 71.5 79.9 72.0 66.7 54.5 57.6 56.1 68.6 68.4 69.5 80.3 75.6 10 PM 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 PM -15.5 -13.4 -7.9 2.0 9.1 14.5 16.7 14.9 7.9 3.4 -7.2 -14.1 71.9 81.0 72.3 68.1 58.1 63.7 60.0 71.5 69.9 72.3 80.3 76.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -15.5 -13.6 -8.1 1.3 7.9 13.7 15.9 14.3 7.4 2.9 -7.6 -14.4 12 AM 72.0 80.7 73.0 69.9 60.8 66.7 62.6 73.5 71.1 73.1 82.2 75.6 12 AM 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12 AM Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Legend °C Legend % Legend w/m2

< 10 Below Comfort < 20 Below Comfort Night Low

10 20 Cool 20 50 Dry 0 175 low

20 24 Indoor comfort 50 75 Ideal 158 316 Medium

24 29 Warm 75 90 Humid 316 472 High

> 29 Above Comfort > 90 Above Comfort > 472 High

Figure 2.17: Climate and Place Analysis - Part 1 Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_030 INTRODUCTION

CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS Solar Analysis A climate analysis was executed for the City of Saskatoon to The horizontal solar radiation chart in Figure 2.17 depicts understand local environmental conditions and their potential the duration and intensity of sunlight throughout the year. impacts on the design of the environment and built form in the This shows that during the summer months, June and July, concept master plan. The below analysis is based on historical medium to high solar radiation occurs between 8AM and weather data and averages. Climate change is increasingly 8PM, while in the winter months, November to January, affecting prairie cities and creating atypical conditions - from medium solar radiation occurs only between 12PM and 3PM. heavy rains and flooding in wet seasons to increased risk A break down of periods of low, medium and high radiation of wildfires in dry seasons. Imagine Idylwyld should seek to reveals that sunlight in Saskatoon is indirect for ±65% of the mitigate these risks wherever possible. year, somewhat direct for ±12% of the year, and direct for ±23% of the year. Saskatoon’s climate is characterized by cold winters and warm summers with little humidity. This type of climate Solar analysis should be a key design criteria while developing presents design challenges to address changing seasonal massing for the master plan, with particular consideration to conditions to satisfy factors such as: user comfort including solar access (exposure of building facades as well as public shade and shelter from inclement weather and winds, snow spaces to sunlight without obstruction from neighbouring and slush and stormwater management, road conditions buildings, trees, etc) and executing shadow analyses due to and driver safety, hardiness of landscape planting in urban the long summer days in contrast to the shorter winter days conditions and robustness of streetscape materials with low sun angles. where exposure to seasonal changes can speed wear and deterioration. As a consequence, solutions must be thoroughly tested to minimise compromise. A careful analysis of the length and relative severity of seasons is required to find a balanced design.

Temperature, Humidity and Precipitation Saskatoon gathers on average 347.2mm of rain and snowfall per year. The driest months are early spring and late fall, while June and August tend to be the wettest.

Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_031 IMAGINE IDYLWYLD 16.32073.00 12/28/2016 Canada,Regina-Saskatchewan Page: 5 ASHRAE Climate Zone 7 2 CLIMATE AND PLACE

Total Sky Cover Wind Speed Natural Ventilation Potential

0% 68% 32% 9% 70% 21% 73% 27% 0% ###

Sunny / Low cover Partly Cloudy Cloudy/Overcast Calm/Light Gentle Moderate/Strong Too Cold Possible Too Warm / Humid

42.6 48.9 60.6 45.3 42.6 48.0 40.6 50.6 37.0 46.5 53.0 44.2 4.2 4.1 4.2 5.7 5.3 3.5 2.8 3.1 4.7 3.8 4.2 4.0 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

39.0 46.4 57.4 47.0 40.6 48.0 39.4 50.0 36.3 44.5 51.7 46.5 2 AM 3.9 4.1 4.1 6.0 4.9 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.6 3.8 4.2 3.9 2 AM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 2 AM

37.4 50.0 55.2 51.0 49.0 47.7 39.7 53.9 37.3 45.5 51.7 46.8 4.2 4.5 4.2 5.8 4.9 3.0 2.9 3.2 4.7 4.1 3.9 3.9 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

50.0 46.8 63.5 51.0 50.6 50.3 36.1 54.8 37.0 44.5 55.0 43.9 4 AM 4.1 4.3 4.1 5.9 4.9 3.1 3.0 3.3 4.3 3.9 4.1 3.7 4 AM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 4 AM

54.8 51.4 62.6 58.0 61.0 54.0 45.2 58.4 44.7 45.2 55.3 45.5 4.1 4.5 4.1 5.7 4.9 3.1 2.7 3.4 4.3 4.0 3.8 4.0 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

56.8 51.1 66.1 59.0 61.9 56.7 54.2 62.3 51.3 48.7 52.3 40.6 6 AM 4.1 4.4 4.0 6.0 4.7 3.3 2.7 3.0 4.6 4.1 3.9 3.6 6 AM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 6 AM

57.4 63.6 67.7 61.0 59.0 61.0 48.7 56.5 54.3 49.4 58.0 44.8 4.4 4.5 4.2 6.4 5.8 3.7 3.0 3.0 4.6 4.2 4.0 3.9 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

58.1 68.6 79.7 58.0 56.1 63.3 49.4 57.1 57.0 50.3 63.3 50.0 8 AM 4.0 4.9 4.4 7.1 6.2 4.0 3.6 3.5 4.9 4.1 4.6 3.8 8 AM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 8 AM

60.3 65.4 77.4 62.0 51.0 57.7 49.0 52.6 54.3 51.6 67.0 59.0 4.0 5.0 4.4 7.7 6.8 4.4 3.7 4.1 5.3 4.4 4.5 4.0 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

68.1 62.5 68.4 61.0 55.2 60.0 56.8 50.6 55.3 51.3 73.3 57.4 10 AM 4.0 5.0 4.7 8.6 7.0 4.6 4.3 4.2 5.4 4.7 5.0 3.5 10 AM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains With Internal gains With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 10 AM

71.9 61.8 67.4 62.7 62.9 62.3 56.1 51.3 55.0 48.1 70.3 55.5 4.0 4.9 4.7 8.5 6.7 5.1 4.6 4.4 5.6 5.2 4.9 4.1 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains Ideal With Internal gains With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

70.3 62.1 72.9 64.7 65.8 64.3 51.9 50.0 55.3 49.7 70.0 56.1 12 PM 4.2 5.2 5.0 9.0 7.3 5.0 5.1 5.0 5.9 5.0 5.0 4.1 12 PM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains Ideal With Internal gains With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 12 PM

68.4 54.6 67.4 65.0 67.1 64.0 50.0 54.8 56.0 49.0 69.7 59.0 4.5 5.3 5.0 9.1 7.3 5.5 5.3 5.1 6.5 5.3 5.2 4.0 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains Ideal Ideal With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

68.7 51.1 71.9 61.7 71.3 65.0 54.2 58.7 58.3 50.3 71.3 57.4 2 PM 4.6 5.6 5.3 9.0 7.5 5.6 5.3 5.0 6.4 5.4 5.4 4.1 2 PM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains Ideal Ideal Ideal With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 2 PM

65.8 53.6 72.3 61.0 72.3 64.3 52.9 61.6 60.3 56.5 68.7 56.1 4.6 5.4 5.6 8.6 8.0 5.9 5.6 5.7 6.3 5.3 4.8 4.1 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains Ideal Ideal Ideal With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

60.3 54.6 74.2 63.7 73.2 65.3 50.3 62.3 60.0 54.2 64.7 61.6 4 PM 4.6 5.1 5.6 8.2 7.8 5.9 5.6 5.5 6.2 4.8 4.4 4.1 4 PM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains Ideal With air movement Ideal With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 4 PM

60.0 57.5 73.9 59.0 69.4 63.0 47.7 59.0 50.3 52.9 56.7 67.7 4.5 5.2 5.6 7.9 7.7 6.0 5.4 4.9 5.7 4.3 4.2 4.0 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains Ideal With air movement Ideal With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

59.7 60.4 71.0 56.0 63.9 62.0 47.7 55.8 52.0 54.8 51.3 65.5 6 PM 4.6 4.5 5.3 7.1 6.9 6.1 5.6 4.9 4.7 3.5 4.3 4.0 6 PM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains Ideal With air movement Ideal With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 6 PM

58.4 55.7 75.8 51.7 61.3 60.3 42.9 56.5 51.7 57.4 49.7 63.2 4.2 4.5 5.1 6.3 5.9 6.0 4.8 4.8 4.4 3.2 3.9 4.1 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains Ideal With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

53.9 52.5 70.3 51.0 60.0 57.7 41.3 56.8 47.3 58.4 56.7 63.9 8 PM 4.2 4.5 4.7 6.0 5.2 5.0 4.5 3.5 4.3 4.0 4.0 4.2 8 PM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains Ideal With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 8 PM

48.7 50.7 69.7 47.7 51.0 52.0 38.1 53.9 43.3 54.8 57.7 61.6 4.4 4.3 4.5 6.2 5.2 4.4 3.2 3.2 4.8 4.1 4.3 4.1 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

52.6 53.2 66.1 47.7 41.3 51.3 35.2 54.5 42.3 59.7 57.7 57.4 10 PM 3.9 3.9 4.7 6.0 5.5 3.6 3.2 3.2 4.2 3.9 4.1 4.1 10 PM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 10 PM

48.7 41.8 64.5 53.3 40.3 54.0 37.1 53.9 38.7 55.2 57.0 53.5 3.9 4.1 4.6 6.0 5.7 3.4 3.0 3.5 4.5 3.6 4.3 4.3 Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold

47.4 47.1 64.2 45.0 37.4 49.0 36.8 52.9 36.0 50.3 53.0 52.6 12 AM 4.3 3.8 4.6 5.8 5.3 3.5 3.1 3.5 4.8 3.7 4.0 4.2 12 AM Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold With Internal gains With Internal gains With Internal gains Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold Too Cold 12 AM Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

LegendIMAGINE IDYLWYLD % Legend m/s Legend 16.32073.00 12/28/2016 < 10 Canada,Regina-SaskatchewanSunny < 1.6 Calm Not likely Too Cold ( Tdb<13°C ) Page: 6 ASHRAE Climate Zone 7 10 30 Low cover 1.6 3.4 Light Possible With Internal Gains ( 13°C < Tdb<20°C )

30 60 Partly cloudy 3.4 5.5 Gentle Possible Ideal ( 20°C 75 Overcast > 8.0 Strong Not likely Too Warm or Humid ( Tdb<29°C or Rh>90% )

Under-Heated Wind Rose Natural-Ventilation (NV) Potential Wind Rose Over-Heated Wind Rose

Wind temperature below: 13 °C Wind temperature between 13-29 °C Wind temperature Above: 29 °C

Annual under-heated time: ±69% (6026 out of 8760 hours) Annual NV potential time: ±25% (2232 out of 8760 hours) Annual over-heated time: ±1% (103 out of 8760 hours)

North North North 550 550 550

450 450 450

350 350 350 hours hours hours

250 250 250

150 150 150

50 50 50

West -50 East West -50 East West -50 East

South South South

Legend m/s Legend m/s Legend m/s

< 1.6 Calm < 1.6 Calm < 1.6 Calm

1.6 3.4 Light 1.6 3.4 Light 1.6 3.4 Light

3.4 5.5 Gentle 3.4 5.5 Gentle 3.4 5.5 Gentle

5.5 8.0 Moderate 5.5 8.0 Moderate 5.5 8.0 Moderate

> 8.0 Strong > 8.0 Strong > 8.0 Strong

Figure 2.18: Climate and Place Analysis - Part 2 Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_032 INTRODUCTION

Wind Analysis Optimal Conditions The series of wind rose charts in Figure 2.18 depict the Optimal climatic conditions for Imagine Idylwyld are temperature, direction, strength, and frequency of wind recommended based on regional climate and geographic conditions along Idylwyld Drive. Figure 2.18 illustrates that a location. Built form and landscaping should be massed and wind temperature below 13°C occurs for ±69% of the year, a oriented appropriately to reduce the potential for wind tunnels wind temperature between 13°C and 29°C occurs for ±25% and to avoid the creation of large shadows between the hours of the year, and a wind temperature above 29°C occurs for of 9:00AM and 3:00PM at all times of the year. Open spaces, only ±1% of the year. The charts also indicate that cooler sidewalks, and other pubic realm features should be designed winds are predominantly westerly, while warmer winds are and located to allow for maximum solar access during the often north-easterly or south-westerly. Saskatoon generally winter, while receiving appropriate filtered shading during the experiences gentle wind speeds throughout the year, typically summer. Impacts of solar access on street plantings should between 3.4-5.5m/s. Moderate to stronger winds over 5.5m/s also be considered and optimized to ensure the health and may occur in the springtime months of April and May growth of vegetation on site.

This wind analysis will impact the redevelopment concept by Green building and landscape design principles should be indicating orientation of built form and vegetation that would considered to reduce energy loads and waste creation by prevent wind tunnel conditions along the corridor. designing in harmony with the regional climate. Initiatives that take advantage of solar access, storm water, and prevailing winds for natural daylighting and passive ventilation are strongly recommended to increase energy efficiency and reduce negative environmental impacts of development.

Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_033 IMAGINE IDYLWYLD 16.32073.00 12/28/2016 Canada,Regina-Saskatchewan Page: 7 ASHRAE Climate Zone 7 3 LOAD REDUCTION (Massing & Programming Considerations)

Massing Orientation Program

Ideal massing options try to find the right balance between exterior surface The optimum orientation provides maximum winter solar collection as well as Temperatures are below the comfort range area that fits the climate zone and daylight requirements. maximum summer solar protection. 1- Avoid orientation of any long dimensional facades in the direction of cold winds Optimum Orientation: 174 2- Passive solar heating during the winter to decrease heating loads

North Highly Compact Geometry Min Radiation 8.5 Buffer Zone (Cold Wind) Worst Orientation 338.5950 900 850 Highly Compact Compact Semi Compact Slender 800 750 Place low-occupancy and / or high internal gain 700 650 zones near exterior surfaces exposed to 600 550 prevailing cold winds to minimize heating load 500 450 and avoid thermal discomfort. (e.g. corridor, Wh/m2 400 utility, core, labs, gyms, kitchens, etc.) 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 West 0 East Vestibules Aspect ratio of roughly 1 to 1.5 (height:width). Limited surface to volume ratio minimizes conductive losses while still Vestibules at building entrances reduce air allowing daylight & solar heat gain for colder climates. infiltration which result in reduction of heating and ventilation loads in very cold climates .

Max. Radiation 194 OptimumSouth Orientation 174

Legend Wh/m2 Earth sheltering: Not feasible Solar Oriented Interior Zones Radiation during underheated period

Total Radiation

IMAGINE IDYLWYLD Radiation during overheated period 16.32073.00 Maximize the placement of high occupancy12/28/2016 Limited or No benefit to in exposure of the Overal Mass sample Canada,Regina-Saskatchewan space near exterior walls exposed toPage: the 8 ASHRAE Climate Zone 7 external envelope with a thermally significant Best orientation maximum radiation angle to allow for passive volume of soil or substrate. Worst Orientation space heating. LOAD REDUCTION (Daylight and Solar Considerations)Maximum Radiation 3 Minimum Radiation

Self-Shading & Solar Exposure External Shading Internal Shading

Excessively cold temperatures Passive solar heating is available and needed most of year, use Internal Radiation intensity during operational hourse (8Am- 6Pm) 1- Minimum amount of self-shading (maximize exposure) suggested shades rather than external shades to encourage internal heat gain Low 25% Medium 21% Intensive 54% 2- Minimize openings Consider external shades only for very large scale glare issues. Consider internal shading devices for all medium and low scale glare issues

Enclosed Central Atrium South Façade Blind Curtain System

A central atrium allows for natural daylight to Narrow horizontal shades for sun facing Open top internal shades may effectively block inner zones without increasing conductive losses exposures provide enough shade in summer glare and daylight. Conduction, convection and through the envelope. while allowing solar heat to enter the building radiation will usually convey a large portion of the during the winter (limited shading). heat to the interior of the space.

East and west façade Horizontal louvers

Consider external vertical fins for eastern and Consider internal shading devices to control western exposures (partial shading). glare while taking the advantage of solar heat gain.

Lightshelf Solarium

Consider light shelves to increase daylight Consider a solarium or atrium on sun facing penetraton. exposures to collect solar heat and act as a thermal buffer between interior and exterior space.

Figure 2.19: Massing and programming considerations Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_034 INTRODUCTION

Climate-Related Design Considerations Self-Shading and Solar Exposure The results of the climate analysis for Imagine Idylwyld Buildings should produce a minimum amount of self-shading yielded several design considerations that should be explored to allow for maximum solar exposure in Saskatoon’s colder in conjunction with the master plan. climate.

These design considerations are depicted in Figures 2.19 and Internal and External Shading 2.20, and address: Internal shading should be used instead of external shading to allow for internal heat gain from passive solar heating. • Massing and building geometry; • Building and open space orientation; External shading should only be used for large scale glare • Self-shading and solar exposure; issues. • External shading;

IMAGINE IDYLWYLD • Internal shading; 16.32073.00 12/28/2016 Canada,Regina-Saskatchewan Page: 8 ASHRAE Climate Zone 7 • Material selection; • Insulation and solar absorption; LOAD REDUCTION (Daylight and Solar Considerations) 3 • Optimal opening and glazing conditions; and

Self-Shading & Solar Exposure External Shading Internal Shading • Window-to-wall ratios.

Excessively cold temperatures Passive solar heating is available and needed most of year, use Internal Radiation intensity during operational hourse (8Am- 6Pm) 1- Minimum amount of self-shading (maximize exposure) suggested shades rather than external shades to encourage internal heat gain These climate-related design considerations should be Low 25% Medium 21% Intensive 54% 2- Minimize openings Consider external shades only for very large scale glare issues. Consider internal shading devices for all medium and low scale glare issues referred to and applied during design and implementation of Imagine Idylwyld, and are summarized below. Enclosed Central Atrium South Façade Blind Curtain System

A central atrium allows for natural daylight to Narrow horizontal shades for sun facing Open top internal shades may effectively block Massing inner zones without increasing conductive losses exposures provide enough shade in summer glare and daylight. Conduction, convection and through the envelope. while allowing solar heat to enter the building radiation will usually convey a large portion of the Massing should find a balance between daylighting during the winter (limited shading). heat to the interior of the space. requirements and exterior surface area.

Surface to volume ratio of buildings should be limited to minimize energy losses while allowing daylight and solar heat East and west façade Horizontal louvers gain in Saskatoon’s colder climate. Consider external vertical fins for eastern and Consider internal shading devices to control western exposures (partial shading). glare while taking the advantage of solar heat gain. Orientation Buildings and open spaces should be oriented to allow for maximum solar access in the winter as well as appropriate protection from harsh sunlight in the summer. Lightshelf Solarium Longer building facades should not be oriented in the Consider light shelves to increase daylight Consider a solarium or atrium on sun facing penetraton. exposures to collect solar heat and act as a direction of cold winds. thermal buffer between interior and exterior space. Passive solar heating should be used in the winter months to reduce energy loads. Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_035 IMAGINE IDYLWYLD 16.32073.00 12/28/2016 Canada,Regina-Saskatchewan Page: 9 ASHRAE Climate Zone 7 4 INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS

Material Considerations Opening & Glazing Considerations Window to Wall Ratio Strive for the levels recommended below, but verify feasibility with whole- The recommendations below aim to optimize daylight infiltration while The amount of glazing can have a large effect on building energy use building payback analysis that includes insulative effects on building systems. avoiding unwanted glare and solar heat gain. depending on which climate zone and which building typology you are designing.

Insulation Level: Heavy Glazing aspect ratio: Vertical Daylight Overall WWR 25%-30%

Horizontal Vision Unrestricted Vertical Daylight 20%-25% 25%-30% 30%-35% Below40% Below 60%

High Conductive losses are expected due to cold temperatures Heavily insulated Consider a constant area for glazing. Vertical daylight glazing is recommended to Due to the large ∆T of outdoor and indoor temperature, huge conductive losses envelopes may prove to have a short payback period (energy modeling is required promote the penetration of solar heat and light to the space more than horizontal are expected. However, to maintain the minimum requirement for natural daylight, for verification). vision glazing. keep WWR around 25% - 30%

Solar Absorptive Envelope Glazing properties Specific WWR

Consider dark colors for the exterior surfaces to ASHRAE 90.1-2010 minimum requirment for U- Percentage of WWR on the best orientation maximize solar heat absorption. factor is 0.4 and for SHGC is 0.45. Exceeding (174°) can be as high as 30%-40%. ;However, the code minimum U-Factor (efficient double or limit the WWR on the worst orientation (338.5° triple glazing) may have an acceptable payback to north) and the direction of cold wind (300°) to (to be verified by an energy model) around 10%-20%

Figure 2.20: Integrated design solutions Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_036 INTRODUCTION

Material Considerations Dark colours should be used for exterior surfaces to maximize solar heat absorption in Saskatoon’s colder climate.

Opening and Closing Considerations Vertical daylight glazing is recommended instead of horizontal vision glazing to promote the penetration of solar heat and light to a space.

Window to Wall Ratio Based on Saskatoon’s climate, a window to wall ratio (WWR) of 25-30% is recommended.

Window to wall ratios should be increased to 30-40% on facades with optimal orientation, and should be reduced to 10-20% on facades with the worst orientation and facing the direction of colder winds.

Imagine Idylwyld: Issues and Opportunities Report Page_037