Mateusz Czasak* THE ROLE OF THE WEIMAR TRIANGLE IN THE PROCESSES OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION IN 1991–2004 DOI: 10.26399/meip.3(62).2018.37/m.czasak INTRODUCTION The collapse of the Yalta-Potsdam world order took place at the turn of the eighties and nineties of the twentieth century. The Gorbachev reforms carried out from the second half of the 1980s did not heal the situation in the USSR, which contributed to the gradual breakup of the Eastern Bloc at the turn of the decades. Other states, former USSR satellites, gained more and more independence, and then gradually regained their full sovereignty. At the same time, the collapse of a stable, bipolar world order created numerous dangers. The new world order emerging at that time was not very legible, after the collapse of the Warsaw Pact in 1991 a number of Central and Eastern European countries, including Poland, found themselves in a grey security zone (Balcerowicz 2001: 107–108). They were states that did not belong to any alliance, neither did they create any, and at the same time they did not decide to be neutral or uninvolved (Balcerowicz 2001: 108). Political changes began in Poland before the final collapse of the Warsaw Pact. They were initiated by the government of Tadeusz Mazowiecki formed in August 1989, after the partially free parliamentary elections held on 4 June. These elections ended with the success of the current democratic opposition, * Mateusz Czasak – M.A., Research-and-Teaching Assistant, Institute of Political Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw,
[email protected] 174 MATEUSZ CZASAK which won almost all seats allocated for candidates not belonging to the Communist Party.