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Estimating PCB and PBDE Loadings to the Lake Washington Watershed: Final Data Report

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Estimating PCB and PBDE Loadings to the Lake Washington Watershed: Final Data Report Estimating PCB and PBDE Loadings to the Lake Washington Watershed: Final Data Report September 2013 Alternate Formats Available 206-296-6519 TTY Relay: 711 Estimating PCB and PBDE Loading Reductions to the Lake Washington Watershed: Final Data Report Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 10 Submitted by: Richard Jack and Jenée Colton King County Water and Land Resources Division Department of Natural Resources and Parks Funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency Grant PC-J28501-1 Disclaimer: This project has been funded wholly or in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency under assistance agreement PC-00J285-01 to King County. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. King County i September 2013 Estimating PCBs and PBDEs Loadings to the Lake Washington Watershed: Final Data Report Acknowledgements A fantastic group of people have made this project possible and contributed to its success. Colin Elliott of the King County Environmental Laboratory provided laboratory project management services throughout the field study. Many thanks go to Ben Budka, Marc Patten, David Robinson, Bob Kruger, Jim Devereaux, and Stephanie Hess, who led the year-long field sampling program. The knowledgeable staff at AXYS Analytical Services (AXYS) provided high quality advice and analytical services. Archie Allen and Kirk Tullar of the Washington Department of Transportation provided critical assistance during siting and sampling of the highway bridge runoff location. John Williamson of the Washington Department of Ecology graciously allowed us access and shared space at the Beacon Hill air station. Laura Reed and various staff at Seattle Public Utilities supported us in site selection and setup of multiple Seattle sampling locations. The members of the project advisory panel have been extremely helpful throughout the field sampling program. Special thanks go to panel members Jonathan Frodge, Jenny Gaus, Ron Straka, and Patrick Yamashita for taking extra time to meet with us and provide information during site selection. Ginna Grepo-Grove of EPA Region 10 assisted with data validation rule interpretation. Citation King County. 2013. Estimating PCB and PBDE loadings to the Lake Washington watershed: data report. Prepared by Richard Jack and Jenée Colton, Water and Land Resources Division, Seattle, Washington, for US EPA Region 10. King County ii September 2013 Estimating PCBs and PBDEs Loadings to the Lake Washington Watershed: Final Data Report Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................................. viii 1.0. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Field Study Objectives ...................................................................................................................................... 1 2.0. Methods ....................................................................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Sampling Station Locations ............................................................................................................................ 3 2.1.1 Ambient Waters ............................................................................................................................................. 8 2.1.2 Stormwater Runoff ....................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1.3 Combined Sewer Overflow ...................................................................................................................... 17 2.1.4 Highway Bridge Runoff ............................................................................................................................. 21 2.1.5 Atmospheric Deposition ........................................................................................................................... 21 2.2 Field Methods ..................................................................................................................................................... 22 2.2.1 Ambient Waters ........................................................................................................................................... 23 2.2.2 Stormwater and Highway Bridge Runoff .......................................................................................... 26 2.2.3 Combined Sewer Overflow ...................................................................................................................... 29 2.2.4 Atmospheric Deposition ........................................................................................................................... 30 2.3 Measurement of Flow ..................................................................................................................................... 33 2.4 Analytical Methods .......................................................................................................................................... 33 2.4.1 PCBs .................................................................................................................................................................. 33 2.4.2 PBDEs ............................................................................................................................................................... 34 2.4.3 TOC, DOC and TSS ....................................................................................................................................... 34 2.5 QAPP Modifications and Deviations ......................................................................................................... 34 2.5.1 Decontamination Procedure for Autosamplers .............................................................................. 34 2.5.2 PBDEs in Equipment Blanks ................................................................................................................... 35 2.5.3 Scope Changes Due to Budget Restrictions ...................................................................................... 35 2.5.4 Change in CSO Station Location ............................................................................................................ 36 2.5.5 Less Than Minimum Duration for a Stormwater Sample ........................................................... 36 2.6 Data Validation and Corrective Actions .................................................................................................. 36 2.7 Total PCB and PBDE Reporting .................................................................................................................. 37 3.0. Results ........................................................................................................................................................................ 39 3.1 Data Quality Objectives and Usability ...................................................................................................... 39 3.1.1 Precision ......................................................................................................................................................... 39 3.1.2 Accuracy .......................................................................................................................................................... 41 King County iii September 2013 Estimating PCBs and PBDEs Loadings to the Lake Washington Watershed: Final Data Report 3.1.3 Sensitivity ....................................................................................................................................................... 41 3.1.4 Bias .................................................................................................................................................................... 41 3.1.5 Completeness ................................................................................................................................................ 41 3.1.6 Conventionals ............................................................................................................................................... 44 3.1.7 Summary ......................................................................................................................................................... 44 3.2 Chemistry Results............................................................................................................................................. 44 3.2.1 Ambient Waters ........................................................................................................................................... 45 3.2.2 Stormwater Runoff ..................................................................................................................................... 54 3.2.3 Combined Sewer Overflow ...................................................................................................................... 57 3.2.4 Highway Bridge Runoff ............................................................................................................................. 59 3.2.5 Atmospheric
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