l^Jb- ^'

Califorr\ia Art &^ Nature

TOURMALINE. SCHORL—Black tourmaline; quite common in San Diego county and in The tourmaline is one of the most in- Baja California, disseminated through of but little teresting gems, yet known, quartz or feldspar. Crystals six inches especially under its true name, its di- in diameter have been observed. versity of color having enabled it to pass under a multitude of names. Black and brown tourmaline are usually opaque, and hence have no value as gems. The transparent stones available for gems are found in Maine, Connecticut and California, and in Brazil, Russia and Ceylon. The col- ored varieties are known correctly un- der the following names: ACHROITE (colorless tourmaline)— Of gem quality, has been discovered in San Diego county, California, associat- ed with other lithia tourmalines. BRAZILIAN EMERALD—The em- blem of the Brazilian clergy, is not an emerald proper, but a green colored tourmaline. A few green tourmalines have been found in San Diego county, A BRIGHT IDEA. in the lithia mine at Pala, and in sev- eral other localities, some of them of Dr. A. C. Hamlin published in 1873 the finest gem quality. One beautiful a small book, 'The Tourmaline,' of 107 specimen' showing a perfectly flat pages and 4 colored plates, devoted termination, is banded green at the mainly to the beautiful crystals of this end, then a band of achroite shading mineral as found in Maine. On page 62 into rubellite where fractured. An- he says: — other specimen is green at the center, 'It seems as though the light of with a thin outer crust of black. heaven was required in the production INDICOLITE—Blue tourmalines are of the gems, as it is for the marvellous reported as occuring in San Diego and varied hues of the flowers of vege- county. tation. Thus far, nearly all of our RUBELLITE—Beautiful radiations precious stones have been found on or and masses of crystals of pink tourma- near the surface of the .earth; and it line occur in the lepidolite at Pala. A appears as though the contact of the few crystals of gem quality, resembling air or a ray of sunlight was required those from the Isle of Elbe have been to build up their forms and perfect found in the county. The largest lines. Down in the thousand mines crystals measure two inches in di- along the slope of the Rocky Mountains ameter. the amethyst vanishes below the depth California Art & Nature.

of 20 or 30 feet, while the same quartz A vein of feldspathic minerals, crystallizes in its beautiful and definite mostly decomposed, and lying on a but colorless forms in the depths of the granite foundation, contained masses deepest mines. The diamond and the of coarse, purple lepidolite, angular sapphire belong to superficial terrains; fragments of crystal quartz, and am- and we find that the rule of shallow blygonite, spodumene, and other min- deposit relates to most of the gems. erals. In this matrix were the beau- The topaz of Braz.il, the beryl of Si- tiful vari-colored crystals of tourma- beria, the chrysoprase of Silesia, the lines, and loose in the soil composed of turquoise of Thibet, or the opals of decomposed portions of the ledge, were Hungary, all occur near the surface of many of the finest gems ever found. the earth, and are never found below C. R. ORCUTT. a certain depth.' Oliver Cummings Farrington, in Birds and Nature for September, 1901, says: — 'The crystals are usually in the form of long, slender prisms; They often have the peculiarity of being differ- ently colored in different portions. Thus a crystal may be green at one end and red at the other, and in cross sec- tion may show a blue center, then a colorless zone, then one of red and then one of green. Some of the crystals from Paris, Me., change from white at one termination to emerald green, then lightl green, then pink, and finally colorless at the other termination. In some crystals again the red passes to blue, the blue to green and the green to black. Tourmalines of different colors have been known in the mountains near San Diego, California, for many years. At Pala the red crystals in lepidolite have been known since 1876, but not until 1898 was this remarkable deposit of lithia mica of known value, when the writer brought it to the attention of great chemical houses. The beautiful radiations of red tourmaline crystals in the delicate lilac lepidolite are sel- dom of gem value, but are now to be found in nearly every mineral cabinet in the world. At Mesa Grande, east of San Diego, OACTI AT one of the most remarkable deposits of HOME. tourmalines was brought to my notice in 1899. The locality had been known CASSITERITE — Tin stone from for nearly 20 years, but had previously Cornwall, England, is composed of 78.6 failed to attract attention. In 1900 the per cent tin, and 21.4 per cent oxygen. mine produced hundreds of crystals It occurs in the Black Hills, South Da- from 1 to 2 inches in diameter, gener- kota, at Temescal, Riverside county, ally 3 or 4 inches or more long, of California, and near San Diego. The nearly every shade and tint of color two latter localities may yield speci- that the world had yet known, except mens equal to that from Durango, some shades of blue and yellow. Mexico, which is polished as a gem. 429 TOURMALINE. OPyNieHT 1»01, BY A. W. HUUFOR^ Green Tourmaline (Brazil). Red Tourmaline or Rubelllte (Island of Elba). Black Tourmaline (Finland). Green Tourmaline (Haddam, Conn.) Brown Tourmaline (Gouverneur, N. Y.) Cross Section of Green Tourmaline (Cal.) Red Tourmaline or Rubellite in Lepldolite (Cal.) &c

be o Plate 3.—Monstera deliciosa. 5 California Art & Nature 6 THE COLORADO DESERT. ber and water. Not so on the eastern declivity—the precipitous walls of rock, A vast triangular-depressed plain, hundreds, often thousands of feet in level of the sea for a below the large height, present small inducements for of its surface, with an ap- portion pi^^^^ growth, and the less precipitous area of twelve million proximate ^.^^^j^g ^j.^ ^^^ slightly less devoid of acres (about one-half of which lies botanical forms. in Mexican and territory), compara- jjj ^j^^ mighty chasms (or canyons), destitute of verdure or of am- lively eroded by the still active, tremendous is basin known as mal life, the great ^^rces of nature, the botanist finds the Colorado Desert. his richest harvest amid scenery This remarkable region lies bs- that for beauty and grandeur would tween the peninsular range of moun- rival even the Yosemite. Surround- tains and the Colorado river of the ed by walls three thousand feet or west, extending from the San Gor- more high, the queenly Washinst n gonio pass, at the base of the San palm (Washington flllfera) may b^ Bernardino mountains, on the north, found in groves, growing with tropi- to the shores of the Gulf of Califor- cal luxuriance beside quiet brooklets, nia, on the south, and forms one of rivalling in beauty and novelty the the most extensive and important giant Sequoia groves of California, portions of the arid regions of the Despite the large areas totally bar- United States. On the north and ren of vegetable life for the larger northeast it is separated from the portion of the year, the absolute lack more elevated plains of the Mohave of rain through long periods, whi h desert by a low range of denuded may extend over three or more years hills, extending from the San Bernar- of time, the Colorado desert posse ses dino mountains to near the junction in seasons of precipitation a flora that of the Gila and Colorado rivers. Simi- in variety and beauty of forms sur- lar arid conditions exist on the east- passes that of the Atlantic states. In ern borders of the Colorado river, in richness of variety and coloring, the Arizona, and south in Sonera, and flora of California is probably unsur- along the Gulf shores. passed, and the arid regions of tne From their rich chocolate-brown state are not one whit behind the color, the inhospitable barrier between more attractive western slopes. In the Colorado and the Mohave deserts springtime the stately lily of the des- is frequently indicated on maps as ert (Hesperocallis undulata) wastes the Chocolate mountains; but the its sweetness on the desert air; every range is better known to miners as dry and thorny bush produces its the Chuekawafla (Lizard) mountains, quota of beauty, and a wealth of bril- a peculiarly appropriate name, liant annuals spring into brief exist- from the great abundance and var- ance. lety of lizards, but probably given During June and July, 1888, the wri- from some fancied resemblance in the ter made his initial exploration in the outline of these hills to this nimble Colorado desert, the main object be- animal. ing the examination of various pros- The peninsula range of mountains, pects of gold, silver, lead and copper, with a varying altitude of four thou- which had been discovered in the sand to eleven thousand feet, rise in Chuckawalla mountains, for a gen precipitous abruptness from the tleman who was largely interested western borders of the plains. The in their development. A brief report crest of this mountain range forms on this region, named the Pacific min- a sharp and well-defined line of de- ing district, appeared in the tenth an- markation between the arid region nual report of the California state and the rich and fertile western slope, mineralogist. 1890 ("The Colorado Des- The summit is usually clothed with ert," by Charles Russell Orcutt. pages forests of oak and pine The western 899-919). slope is thickly overgrown with a va- Lyell says: —"Geology is the science rled vegetation, the valleys supplied which investigates the successive in a greater or less degree with tim- changes that have taken place in the Cafifornia Art & Nature organic and inorganic kingdoms of nature; it inquires into the causes of these changes, and the influsnce which they have exerted in modifying the surface and external structure of our planet." In the decade commencing with 1850 the more depressed part of the ColoradQ desert seems to have been known as the Cienega Grande, now hetter known perhaps as the Salton Sea.but more usually designated as the Dry Lake; in 1870 we are told by early emigrants of that period that the Colorado river was in the habit of annually overfTowing its banks during the time of summer freshets, when the snows melted in the mountains whence the river has its source. This "annual overflow" (as often omitted as other- wise, it is said) formed a channel through the deep alluvial bottom lands of the great basin, to which the name New River was applied by the earlier pioneers who crossed the des- ert on the old overland route from Ft. Yuma to San Diego. Along the course of New River, the CEffiEUS OHLOBANTHUS Eingelm. Cocopa and other tribes of Indians planted and raised magnificent crops consist of shales and clays of a light on the overflowed lands. Corn, melons, brown or pinkish color, forming hills of squashes, and other vegetables, and considerable magnitude at the base of grain, reached the rankest growth at- the mountains. Prom their soft and tainable, and some of these early pio- yielding texture they have been eroded neers spoke with wonder of the fer- into a great variety of fantastic and tility of the soil and the success imitative forms. This series of beds attending these Indians in their agri- have been greatly disturbed, in many cultural labors. These fertile lands places exhibiting lines of fracture and were formed of the sediment deposi- displacement. Where they are cut ted by the waters of the Colorado through In the bed of Carrizo creek, river, and as the soil increased in depth they contain concretions and bands of the overflow decreased; with the in- dark brown ferruginous limestone, creasing Jnfrequency of these overflows which include large numbers of fos- now of more rare occurrence, the In- sils, ostreas and anomias. These have dians were compelled to depart—the been described by Mr. Conrad, and are Cocopas retreating to the region of the considered of Miocene age. In the de- gulf, the Cahuillas to the mountains bris of these shale beds I found frag- around the northern arm of the desert. ments of the great oyster (Ostrea In 1890 the desert Indian huts might titan), characteristic of the Miocene yet be found among the mesquite beds of the California coast. A few groves of New river, and in 1892 I found miles north of this point, similar the Indians producing from the unfill- strata, probably of the same age, were ed soil crops of promise, after an over- noticed by Dr. Le Conte, but there they flow of some of the lands below the contain gnathodon, an estuary shell, United States boundary. showing that the portion of the desert "Approaching Carrizo creek, we saw where they are now found was once for the flrst time in many days, strata covered by brackish water."—J. S. of unchanged sedimentary rock. These Newberry. California Art & Nature lO

Dr. J. G. Cooper reports (in bulletin Diego, on the Pacific side, would seem 4, California state mining bureau, pages to indicate that thegreat changes which 58 and 59) the discovery by H. W. have unquestionably taken place in Fairbanks, near Carrizo creek of "fos- this remarkable region were the re- sile coral-islands, the coral forming ex- sult of natural phenomena of gradual, tensive beds about the summits of yet rapid, occurrence. After its iso- short isolated ridges detached from the lation from the sea, with rapid evapor- mountains of the western rim, and con- ation, few years were requisite to sisting at their bases of granitic or transform this basin from an arm of metamorphic rocks. The ridges appear the sea to a barren waste, the salt of to have been islands when the desert the sea water forming the salt mines formed part of the Gulf of California, at Salton. or of the Pacific ocean, and were at tbe The Colorado river doubtless hurried right depth beneath the surface for past as it does today to the gulf, until coral growth on their summits for a breaking down the barrier it had itself long period. With the coral occurred erected. With alternate periods of several fossil shells of forms quite un- evaporation and influx of fresh wa- like those of the late tertiary of Car- ter, the great basin changed first to rizo creek beds, and apparently unlike a brackish lagoon, and finally to a vast those now Inhabiting the Gulf of Cali- fresh water lake. fornia." The water of the Colorado river at Fragments of fossiliferous rock of Yuma is known to carry at high wa- the Carboniferous age have been found ter not less than ten per centuni of in the Carrizo creek region by various solid matter. The deposit of this sedi- collectors, but none in place have yet ment in the great basin doubtless rap- been reported. idly formed the deep and fertile lands The Indians, according to Dr. Stephen which are now being harnessed into Bowers, still preserve the memory of service at Indio and Imperial, and catching fish along the eastern base of being converted at the latter place, by the San Jacinto mountains, where the the utilizing under control of the wa- Cahuilla Indians pointed out to him ter from the Colorado river, ititO fields ' ' the artificial pools, or "stone fish of agricultural promise. ' traps," where their ancestors easily se- Dr. Robert Edward Carter Stearns,- in cured the fish on the receding of the a paper read before the California tides of the ancient sea. This would academy of sciences, entitled "Remarks seem to indicate that the change from on fossil shells from the Colorado an arm of the gulf is comparatively Desert" (published in the American recent, and a study of the fossils seems Naturalist, 13:141-154, March, 1879), dis- to confirm this view. An old Indian cussed the occurrence of fresh water in the Cuyamaca mountains pointed shells found in a well at -Walter's sta- out to miners a few years ago points tion at a depth of fifty feet. The sur- in the hills to the eastward where his face of the desert where this well was great grandfather used to catch fish sunk is 195.54 feet below sea level. Dr. from the sea. Stearns remarks: The cause of the separation of this "Shall we indulge in a guess as to region from the gulf can be readily un- the depth of the water when these derstood in the present encroachment shells were alive? Shall we add the of the land that is forming from the depth of the well to the elevation of sediment and debris of the Colorado bench marks, the ancient levels which river, where it empties into the gulf. form terrace lines in some places along With the formation of a barrier separ- the distant hills, once a part of the ating thebasin from the gulf, th^ im- shores of an ancient lake, the walls of prisoned waters were at once subject- the Tjasin which once Inclosed and held ed to rapid evaporation. a fresh-water sea? It may have bf,en,' The presence of fresh water shells however, that the lake was never so in a semi-fossil condition, of a brack- deep as the figures thus added would ish water mollusk, and of marine shells indicate, and that instead of a lake or of species now found living at San a series of lakes, there existed only a California Art & Nature 12 lagoon or chain of lagoons, connected anist and geologist of the United Statss or disconnected, according to the vol- boundary commission, in reporting a ume of water, which probably varied reconnoissance made in 1849, wrote, one season as compared with another; concerning this region, as follows: a system of shallow reservoirs, receiving "On leaving the last rocky exposures water in the catchment or surplus per- to enter on the open desert plain, we iods or seasons of unusual rainfall, pass, some distance down the bed of sometimes, after a prolonged and wide- Carrizo creek; along the course of spread storm of great severity, uniting which are exposed the high bluffs of extensive a and forming an expanse sand, marl and clay, exhibiting a fine few feet only in depth, as was seen in sectional view of the tertiary format'on the the valleys of California during on which the desert plateau is based. rate of notable winter of 1861-62. The At the point where the road leaves the depression may have been such as to bed of the creek, to mount to the des- continue to keep the lagoons supplied, ert tableland, some 150 feet above, fos- • • * within a re- and that only very sil marine shells of Ostrea are found, cent period has this depressed por- and gypsum makes its appearance in tion of the Colorado basin become bare extensive beds. The upper layer of and dry. Are the phenomena which the tableland shows a variable th'ck- exhib- this vast and remarkable region ness, composed of water-worn pebbles, * * * its the result of catastrophic ac- derived fromi the adjoining mountains. tion, sudden, violent, and widespread, Near the mountain base this plat au or the result of gradual changes mov- has a height of about 500 feet above ing slowly through countless cen- the level of the Colorado river. The turies?" surface extends in a gentle slope to- At Salton fresh water sihells are found wards the Colorado, or eastward, about in countless myriads, with recent spec- the distance of 25 miles, where it reach- ies of marine shells, on the surface of es its lowest depression at the lagoon the plain, 250 feet below sea level. Por- or Newi river basin, which is in fact a tions of the Dry lake are 300 feet below part of the extended alluvial tracts be- sea level. These minute fresh water longing to the Colorado river." shells are drifted into windrows in The New river region receives the places, where they may be scraped up drainage of a large scoce of country, by the quart. which is sometimes visited by heavy Along the eastern base of the San showers. "It retains this rain-water, Jacinto mountains, an old beach line and river overflows, for several is well defined, and can be easily traced months; when both these sources fail, for miles. The rocks are worn and it becomes a perfectly dry bed, or con- rounded up to this line, sharp and jag- tracts into quaggy saline marshes" ged above. This line by actual meas- (Parry). After a heavy rain or over- urement has been found to be even with flow there is a rank growth of grass, the present leval of the sea. and other vegetation, while consider- Major W. H. Emory, in report of the able portions sustain a heavy growth United States and Mexican boundary of the mesqulte. This affords fine survey, gave the following table of grazing for stock, which cattle men distances: have not been slow to appropriate. San Felipe to Vallecito, 17.85 miles, Between the peninsula range and the Vallecito to Carrizo creek, 16.6 miles. Colorado river and the gulf lies a high Carrizo creek to Big laguna, 26.41 mountain range, to the most northern mile.si. and western point of which has been Big laguna to New river, 5.83 miles. given the name of Signal mountain; New river to Little laguna, 4.5 miles. this consists of a form of syenite, as- Little laguna to Alamo Mocho, 16.44 sociated w.ith recent lava. "Its sur- miles. face is bare, and presents a forbidding Alamo Mocho to Cook's well, 21.84 outline of dark weathered rock, vari- miles. ously marked by furrows, and shows Cook's well to Fort Yuma, 20 miles. an irregular crest, gradually sloping Dr. Charles Christopher Parry, bot- towards the east." (Parry). Copyright, 1894, by W, J. Demorest • CEREUS MOJAVBNSIS Bngelro,

Copyrijlht, 1894, by W, J. Demorest.

CEREUS SENILIS Salm-Dyok. Copynght, 1894, by W. J. Demorest. Copyright, 1894, by W. J. Demorest.

CEREUS GIGANTEUS Engelm. 13 California Art & Nature 14

The Maricopas (of Arizona), the doubt seek at tim^s the pinyons or pine Cuchanos or Yumas, and the Cocopas ffiuts in the forests at the summit of are said to have originally formed one the peninsula range. tribe. The Coeopa Indians reside with- The townsite of Imperial is situated in the limits of Mexico and the Yumas about 30 miles east of the old stage in United States territory. Major station on Carrizo creek, and here a Heintzelman, in speaking of their ag- new civilization, based on modern agri- riculture, says: "It is simple; with cultural methods, is like to thrive an old axe, if they are so fortunate as where roamed the nomad in former to possess one, knives, and Are, a spot time. likely to overflow is cleared; after the waters subside, from the annual rise, small holes are dug at proper intervals, a few inches deep, with a sharpened stick, having first removed the surface for an inch or two, as it Is apt to cake; the ground is tasted; if salt, rejected and if not the seeds are planted. No further care is required but to remove the weeds, which grow most luxuriant- ly wherever the water has been. They cultivate watermelons, muskmelons, pumpkins, corn, and beans. The water- melons are small and indifferent, musk- melons large, and pumpkins good; these latter they cut and dry for win- ter use. Wheat is planted in the same manner, near the lagoons, in December or January, and ripens in May or June. It has a fine, plump grain and well- fllled heads. They also grow grass- seed for food; it is prepared by pound- the seed in wooden mortars made of ing CEREUS mesquite, or in the ground. With wa- BBRLANDIEJRI Engelm. ter the meal is kneaded Into a mass and then dried in the sun. The mesquite Dr. J. Le Conte, gave an interesting bean \s prepared in the ^ame manner, account of some volcanic mud springs and will keep to the next season. The or solfataras, near the Southern Pacific pod-mesquite begins to ripen the lat- railroad, on the Colorado desert in Sil- ter part of June; the screw-bean a lit- liman's Journal (2d ser. XIX, Ja. 1855). tle later. Both contain a great deal Arthur Schott mentions a severe earth- of saccharine matter; the latter is so quake which occurred November 23, full, it furnishes, by boiling, a palatable 1852, and quotes from manuscripts by molasses; and from the former, by boil- Major Heintzelman, as follows: "There ing and fermentation, a tolerably good exists, about 45 miles below Fort Yuma, drink may be made. The preat depend- in the desert between the western Cor- ence of the Indian for food, besides the dilleras and the Colorado, a pond, con- product of his fields, is the mesquite sidered as an old orifice, which had bean. Mules form a favorite article been closed for several years. The first of food; but horses are so highly priz- shock of an earthquake, in 1852, caused ed, they seldom kill them, unless press- a mighty explosion. The steam rose ed by hunger, or required by their cus- a beautiful snowy jet more than 1,000 toms." feet high into the air, where it spread Much the same methods are followed high above the mountains, gradually by the Cocopas today, as observed by disappearing as a white cloud. This the writer. They also visit the can- phenomenon repeated itself several yons opening on the desert from the times in a diminishing scale. Three west, and gather the sweet and edible months later I visited the place; jets palm fruits, there so abundant, and no took place at irregular intervals, from Nature. i6 15 California Art &

15 to 20 minutes. The effect was beau- DEAN, GEORGE^ ^^: ^^^^^ ^.^^ ^^ ^^ with the tiful, as they rose mingled ^g^^ ^ successful nurseryman and flor- black mud of the pond. The tempera- ist, well known to many as an ardent ture of the water in the principal pond collector of shells. was 118 degrees F., in the smaller one goodB. GEORGE BROWN: 135, and in one of the mud holes, from port 2 of the report of the U. S. Na- 1897 is a niemorial of which gases escaped, 170. The air tional Mus.eum for ... , ^ ,, * „„i^i,„^„f„/i this eminent naturalist, together with a full of which escaped was sulphurated sgie^.tjon of his papers on museums and hydrogen, and in the crevices crystals on the history of science in America. of yellow sulphur were found. The Portraits of the earher scientific men, ground near abeut was covered with lt^XLl\%lnif l^l\^nonTf^lT a white efflorescence, tinged with red tiflc and educational institutons of the and yellow. On the edge of a small United States," and "the beginnings of natural history in America," form a r,nnrl crystalsprv<3ta1<3 otnf sal

EDITORIAL.

Our aim in journalishm is to popular- ize study, to create a greater interest in the beauties of the world, to increase the number of lives that shall leave a mark on the world's history—lives more worthy of the Creator of the universe. Our direct aim is a review of our present knowledge, and a record of new discoveries, in natural hstory and other branches of science. Descriptions ot animals and plants, not easily accessi- ble to the young student, notes of eco- nomic or geographic significance, biblo- graphy, synonymy, and an interchange of ideas, will be means used to a com- Le CONTE, JOSEPH: mon end. One of the most eminent scientists, of the University of California, died July 6, 1901. BIOGRAPHICAL. He was of Huguenot descent, and was born in Liberty county, Georgia, 26 F 1823. BIRTWBLL, FRANCIS J.: As a teacher he was suggestive, inter- Wiell and favorably known to ornithol- esting and inspiring, and his naturally ogists as a writer on the birds of New kind and genial disposition gained him Mexico, ascended a lifty pine tree to pro- the affection of his pupils. Geology, cure a birds' nest, 29 Je 1901, became optics, aerostatics and physiology were entangled in the rope and strangled In branches upon which he became author- the presence of his bride. ity. msRfnsK^n'^i^m Volume I. Number 2. January, igo2. Price 20 cents; $2 a year.

Califorr\ia Art & Natuire

Art (2f Nature No. 868 San RW^^n^^^nCompany, publishers, 15th st., Diego, California.

25 California Art & Nature 26 THOMAS MEEHAN. e al contributor. The professor was often asked to write his biography, but "Friend after friend departs, said that at his age he would rathe^ Who hath not "eta f -ie d?" be making history that writing it. He of The State Botanist Pennsylvania was fond of music and said: "When 1 senior editor of Meehan's Monthly and want a change from scie.ice I take my "bettet of Germantown, passed to the flute and play over some old church 75 He land" Nov. 19, irOl, aged years. tunes. Indeed I sometimes think that in March was born London, England, when they bury me I would listen with 1826. He once wrote: earliesr 21, "My pleasure to "Autumn" if they would is of in a field recollection butter-cups sing it over my grave." waves a of grass tossed into mimic by MRS. E. E. ORCUTT. summer breeze, at three years of age, West London, England." HOUSE HOLD PESTS. His early home was the Isle of Wight. There being no schools there 'The Silver Fish' belongs to the low- his mother taught him to read and est order of insects—the Thysanura— write. The "Book of Common Prayer" is wingless, of very simple structure, was his primer, the Bible and Bunyan's worm-like, about 1-3 inch long, taper- Pilgrim's Progress his readers. After ing from near the head to the extrem- th? family moved 4o Ryde he went to ity of its body, and often one of the school two years. Eager for learning most troublesome enemies of books, h3 improved every cppcr.uiity, anl papers, card lables in museums, wi h his hard earned pocket money startched clothing, and more rarely boLght a Latii Dictionary and Gram^ stored food substances. The entire mar, Logic and some other books and surface of the body is covered with s ud'ei nights in his father's green- very minute scales like those of a house. And thus became so proficient moth. The head carries 2 prominejit that before he was 19 he was elected antennae, and at the tip of the body meber of tha Royal Wernerian Soci- are 3 long, bristle-shaped appendages, ety cf Edinburg, on account of his or- one pointing directly backward, the iginal contributions, cne of them bsirg other 2 extending out at a consider- a paper in which a knowledge of Latin able angle; 4 shorter appendages are wa? an fcs;e:tal re;usite He also near; 6 legs spring from the thorax, studied Greek the same way, and be- and, while not very long, they are pow- came so fami'iar with French as to erful and enable the insect to run with read it like English. This young man great rapidity. saw Victoria, the then young queen, Heavily glazed paper is very attrac- more than once, whi'e he was a stu3ent tive to this insect, while it often causes at Kew gardens. Ihe young man went wall paper to scale off by its feeding to America, and at the age of 22 en- on the starch paste. Pyrethrum fur- tered Philadelphia, where for more nishes the best means of control, than ha'f a century he has been one wherever it can be applied. C. L. Mar- of the leading mi ids of the c'ty, being latt describes and figures it in bulletin 20 years on the school board and long No. 4, new series, division of entomol- a member of the city legislature and ogy, U. S. department of agriculture, being the means of gettin'^ up 23 small from which the above notes are main'y parks for the benefit of the poor. Ha taken. Lepisma saccharina L. is the became respected and beloved by the common species of Engla-nd, now prac- large community. He was the friend tically cosmopolitan. cf the genial Botani-t, Dr. A?a Gray, and spoke of him as "one of the kii»d- EPIDOTE—The United Btates pro- est of heart among my friends." Prof. duced $250 worth of this seml-p'^eciGUs Meehan has been for some years an stone in 1895. Crystals in masses have efficient director of the Philadelphia been obtained by the writer near the Academy of Natural Science, the col- Alamo, and associated with crystals of lections of which are the th!rl best o -. i»alcite from near the coast south of this continent, to which he was a iib^ Santo Tomas, Baja California. 27 California Art & Nature ^8 WEST AMfiRICA.*r MOLLUSCA. proximate teeth. White of yellowish. Length 3.3, diameter 2.5 mm. BINNEYA NOTABILIS J. G. Cooper. Living: San Diego, California (Orcutt). San Lucas, Baja California. Tryon, Monog T M 32, t 3 f 4. Cape Depressed, smooth and shining, epider- CAELATA mis expending beyond margin of apeit- SELENITES Mazyck. translucent when but Shell small, depressed, brownish horn- uro, young, opa- with thickened old. Nuclear color, very coarse, rough, crowded, quely when whorl which are with about 30 delicate transverse ribs. subseo.u. distant, irrtgular ribs, obsolete at the apex; whorls 4, rounded, Pale brown. Diameter 12, 3 mm. height somewhat inhated in- Santa Barbara Island, California; below, gradually creasing*,, the last not descending at the Guadalupe Island, Baja California (G. "W. Dunn). ai>' r ure; suti re mpres ed; umbilicus On the mainland near wide, clearly exhibiting all the volutions; San Quintin, almost Baja California (Orcutt). aperture circular, slightly oblique; pei\s Oiiie simple, its ends approaching and joined a BORNIA PULCHRA Philippi. by very thin, transparent, whitish callus, through which the ribs Dr!?, U S Na Mu 21: 889. pr 880, are distinctly seen. Greater diameer 4, Kellia pulchra Philippi, Zeitschr fur heieht. 1.75 mm. Santa Barbara (Dr. L. Mol 5: 149 (1848). "Probably a Pythina, G. Alameda but Yates); Hay ward's, county, unflgured."—Dall. "West America." California (W. H. Dall). Mazyck, U S Na Mu pr 9:460-461, f 1886. BORNIA RETIFEiRA Dall. "Shell thin, white, moderately convex, SELENITES DURANTI. rounded, trigonal, nearly equilateral; Mazyck, U S Na Mu pr 9:460-1 f (1S86). beaks distinct, not high; surface polished, Helix durantl Newcomb, Ca ac pr 3:118 with faint incremental lines and minute (1864). close punotations whose interspaces give Patula durantl Tyron, Am J Conch the effect of a fine netting; hinge normal, 2:2i-'. t 4 f 53 (1866). Mong. T. M. 51, t 4 delicate; adductor scars rounded, high f E-'. up; posterior basal margin very slightly Hyalina durantl Binney and Bland L-F f crenulate. Lon. 12, alt. 9, diam. 4 mm. S 1:37, 49 (1869). One left valve dredged by the U. S. Fish Macrocyclis durantl W G Binn T M Commission at station 2900, in 13 fath- 5:9';-, 18S. Man Am L S 85 f 49 (1885). oms, off Santa Rosa Island, California." 'Shell depressed, discoidal, pale cor- —DrII. U S Na Mu pr 21: 889, 880, t 87 f 2 neous, under the lens minutely striated, (1899). opaque, broadly and perspectively um- bilicated; whorls 4, the last shelving but ANOMIA SUBCOSTATA Conrad. not discending (at the apeture); suture Obtusely ovate, rather thick; umbo of linear; aperture rounded, lunate, l.p the external and internal larger valve ventricose; hinge thickened, simple, ap- surface of the valve obtusely undulated proaching. Santa Barbara Island."— concentrically, and marked with waved, Newcomb. not at all wrinkled, interrupted ribs, much raised, Tryon says: "spire elevated, except towards the base, where they are perfectly plane above." larger and somewhat tuberculiform; up- Binney says: "with very coarse rough per valve entire, or with obsolete radii striae." towards the base. Diameter 5, height 1.75 mm. Miocene: Carrizo creek, San Diego Pilsbry, Phila ac pr 1889, p 196, treats county, Calif. Selenites caelata Mazyck as a variety of this. MELAMPUS OLIVACEUS Cpr. Gould. Obconic; spire short, suture SELENITES SPORTELLA indistinct; t 3 f 7. whorls 7-9, Tyron, Mong T M 33, obtusely angulated on the Gould. ' body below the suture; Macrocyclis sportella aperture long the of the last and narrow, lip covered Whorls 5, superior part with sharp ono fattened the lammae within, parietal wall with from upon approaching apert- 1 to ?, small ure, rounded below; very light apple revolving laminae; there is and also a stout fold on the columella green, dull, very closely sharply Epi- reticulated revolving dermi.s olivaceous, below which the color striate, by slight, is lines; suture moderate, umbilicus mod- white with patches or lines of revolving erate and deep. Diameter 18 mm. Puget red. Length 13, diameter 8 mm. Sound to San California Living: San Diego, California to Maz- Diego, (Orcutt). a;tla.n. SELENITES VOYANA N^ewc. Lagoon Head, Baja Ca'ifornia (Orcutt Depressed; whorls 5, convex, the last 1954); San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1929). declining towards the aperture and some- what flattened oi* concave above, striate; PEDIPEg LIRATA, W. G. Binney. aperture sinuate above, the lip slightly Shell globosely conical, solid, with reg- oxnanfled, its extremities joined by a ular spiral lines; spire short, with ob- callu

SPORTELLA CAL'PORNICA Dall. Cva'e conic, very thin, pellucid, shining, "Shell small, comprtssed, ruae, with a t^ci-.ate: spire acu e, attenuate; whorls yellowish epidermis; slightly arcuate, revolving very obliquely; aperture two- dorsal margin evenly arched, base con- thirds the total length, ovate, broadly cavely arcuats; inequilateral, the anterior rounded below, angled above; columella part longer, roundtd, the posterior end without fold Light horn color or grey- more blunt; teeth normal, the larger i.':h. Length 15, diameter 8 mm. right cardinal nearly parallel with the Living: Snake river, Oregon; to Clear dorsal margin, the ligamentary nymph Lake, California. obscure, the attachment for the resilium thickened and projecting; scar of the SUCCINEA OREGONENSIS Lea. mantle w.de and somewhat irregular, the Tryon, Monog T M 23, t 2 f 18. anterior addtictor scar not well distin- Keep, West Coast shells, 129. guished from it. Lon. 6, alt. 4.2, diam. Elongaled oval, thin, diaphanous, 1.5 mm. A single rather worn right valve shining;, striate; spire acute, suture well war. collected on the beach at Monterey, impressed; whorls 3, well rounded: body California, by Dall in 1S66."—Dall, U S seven-eighths and aperture two-thirds Na Mu pr 21: 885, 879 (1899), t 88 f 5. the total length; aperture ovate, one- third longer than broad, columella arcu- SUCCINEA GABBII Tryon. ate. Color deep orange or galden. Length Tryon, Monog T M 22, t 2 f 14. 9, diameter 6 mm. Keep, West Coast shells, 129. Living: Vancouver Island to Baja Cal- Elongato ovate, thin, subpellueid, ifornia. coarfexy undulaiely striate; spire long, a'u e, suture deeply impressed; whorls SUCCINEA RUSTICANA Gould. nearly 4, but slightly oblique, very con- Tryon, Monog T M 24, t 2 f 19. VvX, the last 3-4 of the totaJ length; Elongate ovate, thin fragile, diaphan- aperture small, roundly oval, columella ou.<, irregularly striate; spire elevated, wtU incurved. Light yellow. sh. Length acute, suture moderately impressed; d'.ameter 5 considers this whorls not '.', mm. Binney o, very convex; body long, i. vj'rety of S. oregonensis. oval, not inflated; aperture narrowly Living: Southeasern Oregon; north- ovai, ttree-flfths the entire length. Pale ea.;ern Ca.ifornia (W. M. Gabb). greenish or yellowish. Length 14, diam- eter 7 mm. SUCCINEA HAWKINSII Eaiid. Living: Nevada; Vancouver Island, to n rycn. Mong T M 28, t 2 f 31. Baja California. Very narrow, sub-cylindrical, thin, ru- gosely striate; spire very short, apex SUCCINEA SILL IMA NI Bland. mamillary; whorls 2%, suture not im- Tryon, Monog T M 24-25, t 2 f 21. pi- ssed; body very long and narrow, the Kfe,«, West Coast shells, 129. ridt'f! flattened, sub-parallel; aperture Obiong-ovate; thin, coarsely striate, narrow ovate, two-thirds the total length. shining; spire short, acute, suture im- Viewed from the base exhibiting the in- presfed; whorls 3, convex, much flat- terior of the whorl to the apex, columella teneUtah. TURTONIA MINUTA Fabricius. "Bering Sea to the Shumagins. Pre- SUCCINEA LINEATA W. G. Binney. cisely similar to Eironean and New Eng- Tryon, Monog T M 23, t 2 f 16. land specimens."—Dall U S Na Mu pr Oblong ovate, irregularly wrinkled, be- 21: 881 (1899). t'"' Pen which are ccarse, remote, revolv- ing lines; spire acute; whorls 3, very con- TURTONIA OCCIDENTALIS Dall. vex; aperture Yz the length of the shell, "Plover bay, Bering Strait, and north- oval; columella folded. Length 12, di- ward, in 20 to 40 fathoms."—Dall U S Na arpe'^er 6 mm. Mu pr 21: 881 (1899). I iv'ng: Nebraska; British Columbia; Larger, stouter, and shorter than T. ncvitheastern California; Utah. mlnuta.

SUCCINEA NUTTALLIANA Lea. SERRIDENS OBLONGA Cpr. Tryon, Mong T M 26, t 2 f 26. Dall U S Na Mu pr 21: 8880 (1899). Keep, West Coast shells, 129, San Pedro, California. 31 California Art & Nature. 32 PLANORBIS AMMON Gould. which ig beneath the carina. Diameter 1.5 mm. Shell discoid, subconic, delicately C, height large, In the waters of Cal- striate; left side broadly and deeply con- Living: Common cave, showing 4 obtusely carinated ifornia. Vancouver island. whorls; right side concave, showing 2V^ rounded whorls; aperture ovate triangu- lar, sometimes cuite expanded on each side; axis, five-eighths to one; diameter 14 to % inch. Living: Kiamath lake, Oregon. Honey lake, Lassen county, Calif. Nevada, Colo- rado river. Quaternary: Cienega Grande, Colorado Desert.—T. H. Webb; W. P. Blake. La- hontan basin, Lassen county, California. PLANORBIS ANITENSIS Cp. "Shell (when held mouth downward) with the right side concavo-convex, the left flat (or slightly concave), the left margin forming a sharp car na exi anded beyond the edge of shell, which is marked by a compressed line. Whorls 5, vis b!e on both sides, uniformly flat on the left tide, forming a concave umb 1 cus on the right, where their surfa e is rounde 1. Mouth triangular, the right 1 p arched, the left nearly flat, the extremities joined to outer angle and to obtuse margin of umbiiical cavity. Umbiiicus half as wide as the shell; flat side of mouth one- fourth of diameter; greatest breadth (at mouth) over one-fifth of same; greater ciamete C.'6, least 0.C3 inch."—Cooper, Cal ao pr 2d ser, 3: 341. Type locality: Laguna at Santa Anita, Baja California, at an elevation of 100 feet, and 10 miles from San Jose del Cabo. PLANORBIS BINNEYI Tryon. Living: Oregon; Washington. PLANORBIS HORNII Tryon. Shell of three convex volutions; aper- ture almost orbicular, not oblque, nor ex- tending above or below the plane of the whorls; labrum slightly reflected, th ck- ened within, its ends converging so as nearly to connect on the parietal wall; lines of growth fine and close. Color light horn. Diameter 21, height 7 mm. Livi«g: Fort Simpson, British Ameri- cp. (George H. Horn). Grant's lake, Cal- ifornia (W. M. Gabb). PLANORBIS OPERCULARIS Gould. Shell dextral, much depressed, lenticu- la.', with a prominent blunted keel at compressed line; tip sunken; beneath the periphery deflned by a marginal, compressed line; tip sunken; beneath umbilicated for about one-third the breadth of the base, showing 3 voiu'ions, convex, surface rather rude and indent- ed, marked with irregular, coarse, much arcuated lines of growth, and here and there a few obscure, raised revolving lines; color dark chestnut brown, a lit- tlfi clord'^d; whorl? above 4, slightly con- vex; suturci well deflned, impressed; ap- erture transversely subrhombic, I'p above slightly declining, at periphery acule-angled, beneath arched, lips em- bracing % of that part of the whorl QUEEN CACTUS. 33 California Art & Nature 34 PI.ANORBIS PARVUS Say. PHYLLOCACTUS LATIFRONS Walp. Living: All British Amer.ca. and United The Queen cactus is quite the giant Manitoba to New Mexico. Can- Stales. among the Phyllocacti, the stout flat- tillaii canyon, Baja California (Orcutt). tened stems 4 to 5 inches broad, deeply PLANORBIS PENINSULARTS Cp. cienated and coinmonly 8 to 10 feet "Shell with both sides concave, the high. The flowers are 7 to 8 inches long, with whorls their right rounded, edge about 6 Inches in diameter, the petals forming an obtuse margin, and the outer of one rartly enclos.ng the others so that it a delicate, clear, creamy white, the forms twc-thiids the greater diameter of sepals and tube of a reddish hue. Na- the shell. Whorls 5, visible on both sides, tive of Mexico. rounded (or right) surface showing less of them than the other. Left (or umbil- ica'.?) surface nearly flat, deeply concave nef;r middle, the umbilicus being over one-third of diameter. Mouth trapezoid- al, very cbl.que, its lips curved, the right extremity attached n ar the concave spire, the left to the obtuse periphery of she:!. Mouth one-third longer than wide; itf. breadfh over one-third that of shell. Grra'er diameter 0.16, least 0.05 inch. Col- or bro^ n, sur'ace smooth."—Cooper, Cal. ac pr 2d ser. 3: 342. Ty e locali^^y: "With P. anitensis, in same laguna." PLANORBIS SUBCRENATUS Cpr. Shell tumid, very thin, horn-colored; whorU; C, rounded, sutures impressed; with sharp radiating, fomewhat crowd- ed and occasionally minutely crenulated rldgfs; aper'urct rounded, parietal wall sm^/1. scarcely touching the penultimate whorl; labrum slightly deflected, fus- riu I within: umbilicus deep. Diameter li height P mm. Lv ng: Oregon (Nuttall). British Co- lumbia to Baja California. OPUNTIA BASILARIS Engelm. & Bigelow. Low; joints 5 to 8 inches long, triangular, PliANORBIS TUMENS Cpr. proliferous from their base, pubescent, un- Shell rapidly swelling, horn or red^ armed, but beset with numerous dense fasci- d>h smo'Ke-colored; whorls 4 or 5, with cles of short brownish bristles, as is also the light waving striae; sutures deeply im- pre;s:d: en one side subangulate or sub- ovary. Flo"wers large, 2% to 4 inches in -> cari-ir. : near the suture, on the other diameter, bright magenta, and very numer- umbilicus rounded; very deep; aperture ous: fruit dry, with large and thick seeds. with r. sinuous edge, one side standing the out above, flattened below, the other Var RAMOSA Parish. In cultivation flatt' n^d above, produced below, capa- typical form becomes branched like the va- thin. cious and rounded: labrum very riety. On* of the most satisfactory cacti that Diar-eter 6.5 mm. 15, height we know for an amateur's collection, flo'wering Lvinplant sometimes assum.es a 'brown- PLANORBIS TUMIDUS Pfeiffer. ish red, but in cultivation it seems to main- She'l cpao.ue. pale horn colored or smo- tain a color. ky, densely and finely striated, umbili- glaucous green cated above, slightly concave be'ow; whor'a subcarinated on each 5, convex, LILAC. side, ra^^idly increasing, separated by a CHINESE WEEPING deci suture; aperture oblique,, lunate- of its rounded, somewhat kidney-shaped. Di- Its gracefulness form, curiously ameter 18, he'ght 6 mm. arranged leaves, in pairs and set like a Living: Texas. Los Angeles, Califor- nia. Nicaragua (T. Brydgei). Guatema- bird's v^ings in flight, its honey-scented la. clusters of white flowers, makes this a COCHLICOPA LUBRICA Muell. unique shrub among decorative plants. Ferru=sacia subcylindrica L. Our figure shows it grafted upon the Griz7ly Peak, Berkeley, Cal. (H. Hemp- a fine tree. hill); Oregon; Alaska, common lilac, producing CHINESE WEEPING LILAC. California Art & Nature 36 35 HEMAN CHANDLER ORCUTT Alabama (legit E. M. Goodwin, Orcutt 195 •). MEMORIAL, COLLECTION. GONIOBASIS OLIVULA Conr. Alabama (legit E. M. Goodwin, Orcutt A of natural history specimens 1959). catalog Rve. schools Chas. HALIOTIS SPLENDENS presented to American by Todos Santos bay, Baja California (Or- R. Orcutt in memorium of his father. cutt 1951). HAMINEA VESICULA Gld. I. San Quintin bay, Baja California (Or- Esch. cutt 1754). ACMAEA PERSONA HELIASTER MULTIRADIATA Gray. San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt I8k9). Nutt. Gulf of California (Orcutt 1781). ACMAEA SCABRA ASPERSA Muell. San Diego, Cstl. (Orcutt 1823). HELIX Nutt. Mexico City (Orcutt 1892). ACMAEA SPECTRUM Pfr. Todos Santos bay, Baja California (Or- HELIX LAEVIS Abundant among maguey plants (Aga- cutt 1984). Rosario Baja AMOMIA LAMPE Gray. ve &hawii), near mission, Orcutt California (Orcutt 1320). Lagoon Head, Baja California( LEPIDORADSIA MAGDALENSTS Hds. 1715). Or. AKCA MULTICOSTATA Sby. Monterey, Cal. (Stearns collector. Baja California (Orcutt ciitt 1908). Lagoon Head, LITORINA PLANAXIS Phil. 174 ). Todos SUBTENUIS Cpr. San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1807); BARLEEIA Santos Baja California (Orcutt 1969). San Digo, Cal. (Orcutt 1913). bay, NEBULOSA Gld. MACOMA INDENTATA Cpr. BULLA San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1916). San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1*61), Desh. ORCUTTII Dall. MACOMA INQUINATA CAECUM San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1917). San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1914—co-types). Conr . AFFINIS Bred. MACONA NASUTA CAKDITA Bodega bay. Cal. (Stearns, Orcutt 1955). Guaymas, Sonora (Orcutt 1^8J). Conr. CRASSA Gray. MACOMA SECTA CARDITA Ppn Die?o Cal. (Orcutt 1763). Sonora (Orcutt 1803) Guaymas. STERCUS-MUSCARUM,^^,, MODIOLA CAPAX Conr. CERITHIUM San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1915). VkI. MONOCEROS ENGONATUM Conr. Gulf of California (Orcutt 1957). Todos Santos bay, Baja California (Or- Sby. CHITON VIRGULATUS cutt 17561. Sonora (Orcutt 1797). Sby. Guaymps. A. Ad. MONOCEROS LUGUBRE CHLOROSTOMA FUNEBRALE Todos Santos bay, Baja California (Or- Pan Diego-, Cal. (Crcutt 1804). Fbs. cutt 175-5). GALLINA • Stearns. CHLOROSTOMA Or- MONOCEROS PAUCILIRATUM Todo!= Santos bay, Baja California( Todrs Santos bay, Baja California (Or- cutt 1882). cutt Hinds. 1762). CHORUP BEIXJHERI , TEGULA Reeve. California (Or- NASSA Todos Santos bay, Baia San Diego. Cal. (Orcutt 1820); Gulf of Cal. 19S0). ci'tt I'-'U): San Dieeo. (Orcutt Cal'fornia (Orctt 1773). CJ^DIOPHORA PUNCTATA Cpr. NERTTA BFRNHARDI Reel. San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1919). n-vav-^a". S-^^'-'-i, (Orcutt 188S). Hinds. COLUMBELLA CARINATA ^ NERITTNA PICTA Sby. f. n Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1902). Coorier. Cal ao nr ?d ser, 3:103. COLUMBELLA FUSCATA Sby. Livine: Gua^ man (Orcutt>. Todos San- FBnta Rosalia, Gulf of California (Or- tos creek, Baja California (L. Balding). ciTtt l

7L r+^-s/^f+i

Volume I. Number s- February, 1902. Price 20 cents; $2 a year.

Califorr\ia Art & Natuire

Art & Nature Company, publishers. No. 86S 15th st., San Diego, California.

Califorr^ia Art ^ Natiare

WEST AMERICAN MOLLUSCA. very short, hardly recurved canal; body sometimes with a thin wash of BUCCINUM ALEUTICUM Dall. yellowish callus; operculum small, nearly circular, "Shell thin, 6 whorled, covered by a the nucleus subcentral, surface of thin sparsely pilose, dehiscent epider- attachment reflected a mis; of a livid pinkish color with a white fan-shaped, by depression in the concave outer surface. pillar and margin to the outer lip and a Length of shell, 25; maximum diameter, dark chestnut nucleus; sculpture of ex- 20 mm."—Dall 1. c. 707 t f 6. tremely fine, regular, close-set grooves 30 with or wider equal interspaces, regular- B. STRIGILLATUM DalL ly spaced on the last, but tending to "Shell with 7 fully rounded whorls, pair on the earlier whorls; spire short deep suture, and hirsute epidermis rather pointed; whorls full; suture deep sculpture of numerous narrow flattened but not channelled; aperture moderate; primary ridges with subequal channell- pillar with a white callous ridge incurv- ed interspaces; aperture not expanded ed upon it; siphonal fasciole distinct, but with a wide deep sinus near the bounded by a groove behind; outer lip houlder. Color white; 42, breadth slightly thickened, hardly reflected; length 27 mm. U.S. Steamer Albatross, station throat livid brown; operculum small, off Lower Calif- subcircular with a subcentral nucleus 3170, Guadelupe Island,— in fathoms." Dall 1. c. and fan-shaped scar of attachment. ornia, 167 14:186 t f Off Tahwit Length of shell, 35; maximum diameter, (1891); 17:706 27 9. Head, in and off" Bo- 21 mm."—Dall, U S Na Mu pr 17:706, t Washington, 178 fathoms; Cal. bottom. 27 f 7 (1894). South of Unimak Island, dega Head, 167 fm., muddy in Aleutians, 59 fathoms, sand. B. TAPHRIUM DaU. B. OVUI.UM Dall. "Shell thin, slender, with polished "Shell of about or small, thin, 4^^ five brown epidermis, with fine spiral striae whorls; surface smooth, or with faint ir- and conspicuous zigzag or spiral mallea- threads regular spiral mostly obsolete; tions; 6-whorled, acute; suture deeply covered with a vernicose adherent olive- channelled; aperture white, with thick substance of the shell green epidermis; reflected lip and continuous thick callus livid pinkish purple, with a white mar- on the concave pillar. Length of shell gin to the pillar and aperture; last whorl 40, breadth 18, length of aperture 15 much the largest; suture deep but not mm. U. S. Steamer Albatross, station channelled; nuleus eroded in all the sp.; 3330, off Akutan Island, Bering Sea, A- pillar nearly straight, thin, with a deep. laska, in 351 fathoms."—Dall I.e. t 29 f 6. 40 California Art & Nature. 41 LEUCITE: The history of leucite is very interest ing. Some 30 years ago Humboldt made the general statement that leucite occurred nowhere outside of Europe. Curiously enough, until within a few years this statement held good. In 1874, howf ver, Vogelsang iound it in an Asi- atic basalt, and in 1876 Zirkel announced its discovery in Wyoming 'Another extra-European locality for leucite is nuw aninnniced by Von

Chrustschoff, who finds it in a lava in the vicinity of the extinct volcano Cerro de las Virgenes in Baja California. The rock consists of an asli-grav ground mass sprinkled with rounded spots of brown- A MONSTROSITY. ish-black obsidian or glass, and with light specks of leucite These light BITTIUM CALIFORNICUM Dall. specks are ^hown by a lens to have a "Shell white, broadly elongate-conic; roun

CACTACEAE. on the young joints are shorter, soft and flexu- ous; the flowers are yellowish, followed by a Many people who have been acquaint- small edible fruit. ed only with the prickly pear and the cholla cactus of the plains—perhaps CEEBUS PENDLERI E. to the detriment of their epidermis, w:il A queer irregular caespito~e plant of be surprised to learn that over one Arizona, New Mexico and Sonora, rarely thousand valid species exist, to which mere than 12 heads in a cluster, stems 3-4 more than three thousand names have inches in diameter and about 6 inches been applied by botanists and horti- high, distinguished by the one usually culturists. black central Sijine. which often curves vpward. Flowers n:ajenta colored. Genhs ANHALONIUM Leiuaire. ANHALONIUM PISSURATUM E. CEREUS GIGANTEUS Engelm. The 'Suwarro' or cactus of Arizo- Anhalonium Engelmanni Lemaire Cact giant na and 25-66 feet 1-2 in dl- i?. (1J6S). Sonora, high, thickest about the lower third Living Rjck, found in Texas and Mexico. amtte", Vvheie the 2 or 3 alternate or "Upper and exposed part of tubercle trian- gensrally sometimes branches and gular in outline, convex, carinate and alTnost opposite start, smooth below, convex and variousJy Assured from thence sllght'y taper toward the and thereby verrucosa above, sharp and cre- summit. Stems and branches marked by nate on the edges."—Engelmann. superficial transverse furrows, indicating, as it the annual of Genus ASTROPHY'IX'M Lenmlre. seems, periods growth, forming rings of 4-8 Inches in hight. ASTROPHYTUM MYRIOSTIGMA Lem. Branches ur.ejual, and always of less The Bishop's Hood; an odd and teauLi- hight than the main stem, mostly 5-6 feet ful spineless pant from Mexico, r sem- lorg, with 12-18 ribs. biing a pie:e cf carved stone. CEREUS GREGGII Engelm. GeuaM CERELS Haworth. Gregg's night blooming cactus occurs CEREUS AL.AM03ENSIS Coulter. in the arid regions of Southern Ari- Slna borbona of Sonora; 2-8 feet high, 2- zona, New Mexico, Texas, Chihuahua and is notable for its 10 branches from the base with joints 1-1 Sonora, and large feet long, flexuous or cecumbint, often tuberous root and slender inconspic- uous 1 to 3 or 4 feet half forming arches and rooting at the joints, stems, high, a inch in 6 and thus spreadi: g over wic;e areas, some- dia:ii«_ier. Flower inches long, times ICO feet in diameter or more; ribs 2 inches in diameter, with pale, purple followed tlie about 7, slight'.y tuberculated. The bright petals, by smooth, oval, red fowers slightly resemble tho e of C. acuminate, scarlet fruit, succulent, f agelliformis. crowned with the remains of the cor- olla, and suported by a distinct stipe of CEREUS BERLANDIERI E. a bright crimson. Stems lV^-6 inches long, an Inch thick, CEREUS PRINGLE* S. Watson. bearing sweet-s en'ed purple flowers 2-4 The Card-on is the giant cactus of inches in diameter; a native of southern Lower California and where it Texas and Mexico. Sonora, forms forests, attaining a height of 20 CEREUS COLUBRINUS Ot'.o. to 35 feet. The ribs are usually 13, and An eiect Cuban growing plant, night- it differs from the giant cactus of Ari- U.e white blooming, fragrant flowers b zona (Cereus giganteus) in that the inches across. spine bearing areolae on the ribs are CEREUS DASYACANTHUS E. connected by wooly grooves. The trunk Plant 5-12 inches high, densely covered is often 3 to 4 feet in diameter; the with numberless delicately colored spines, older portions of the branches usually and bearing large ^owy orange yellow quite thornless. The dead wood is used flowers. El Paso, Texas, and Mexico. for fuel, but otherwise this mammoth CEREUS EMORYI E. production of the desert seems to be without use. San Diego's Velvet Cactus. This is one of the best-known of California the .;acti, CEREUS PACIFICUS E. slender, thickly-set yellowish spines giving it Cereus phoeniceus var. pacificus En- a peculiarly beautiful appearance. The spines gelm, MS. 44 California Art & Nature. 45 '

"Plant cespitose, 1-4 feet In diameter, «ed, pulpy, filled with black seeds. Utah, few to 500 short stems (6-9 inches long and California, Baja Oalifornia and Arizona, 2-2l^ inches in diameter) in each, forming dense oval cushions; stems with 10-* ob- tuse ribs, shallow intervals, and an equal number of internal ligneous fibers; radial spines 1-12 and of an average length of one-fourth inch, the 4 cenral spines lar- ger, three-foarths to 1 in«h long, slender, white; flower an inch across, icluding the ovary 1% inches long, the oblorg spatu- late sepals bright red with a broad pur- plish mid vein; ovary and fruit with 25-SO spiny areolae; fruit fleshy with, numerous small seed; stamens slender, as long as sepals; anthers small, red; style three- fourt'hs inch long, stigmata 6-8, greenish." —Or W 2:46 (Je 18J6). Type locality, near Todos Santos bay. Lower California.

TOMATO GROWN ON TRELLIS. The accompanying figure shows the yel- low plum tomaio, growing en a trellis, eight feet high.

CEREUS GUMMOSUS Hngelm. The pitahaya agria, or cord-wood cactus, of Lower California, is noted for its large, bright, scarlet fruit, pos- sessing a delicious flavor, pleasantly CERBUS PUGIONIFBRUS Lem. acid, like a strawberry, the pulp the color of a ripe watermelon, with the CEREUS ENGELMANNI Parry. small black seeds scattered throughout. Engelmann's cushion cactus. Heado sev. The flowers are 4 to 5 inches long, pur- era! (sometimes, though rarely, a hundred,) 4 ple, and quite handsome. The stems to 12 inches high, cylindric or ovate, with 11 are 4 to 10 feet high, 3 to 5 inches in to 13 ribs bearing bunches of about 13 pale diameter, armed with stout angular, radiating spines, and about 4 darker (yellow, blackisk spines. brown or black), stout and angular, straight or curved central spines, 1 to 3 inches long. CEREUS ERUCA Brandegee. Flowers very numerous, bright magenta, often "Prostrate, very rarely branched, 13- 4 Inches across, followed by delicious fruits, ribbed, 3-4 feet long, 3-4 inches in diam- with mucb the same flavor of a strawberry. ter; rooting from the under side of the 46 California Art & Nature 47 older growth, decaying at one end and Lower California, also said to occur in grow ng frwcrd at the o her, genera ly southern Arizona. It grows from 5 in patches of 20-30, probably originating to 20 feet high, many stems 6 to 10 from a common center; areolae 4-6 mm in inches in diameter from the same base, diameter, separated about the same dis- oearing gieenish or reddish white tance; spines about 20, stout, ash-colored, white flowers followed by large luscious less than an incTi long, the exterior cylin- fruit, rather too sweet it is said for drical, the interior stouter, angular, some- northern palates. It was named in what and the lower central cne much flat- honor of George Thurber, a widely re- tened, more than an inch long, angular, nowned botanist, strongly reflexed. Common on the sand of Magdalena island and about San Jori;e, liaja Cal fcrn;a. Its local name is 'chil- fno'a.' Ti e manner of growth, with up- lifted heads and prcmlnent re.lexed spines, givis the plants a resemblance to huge caterpillars."—Lrc^ndegee, Cal ac pr fcr I', i:i66. t 7.

ECHINOO.\CTUS SIMP30NI Engelm. CI!.Rl;IJS DASYAC.ANTHTJS Engelm. CEREUS RIGIDISSIMUS Engelm. PBUCCYl'HORA ASBLLIFORMIS Ehrenb. The Hatchet cactus is a little Cereus pe;tinatus, var? rigidissimus B gem from Mexico, so-called trom the shape Am. ac pr 3:279; M xican boundary R, 31; of the tubercles. It bloomed in San c llected writ ngs 1S6, 195. Diegro on day, scarce V^ inch in Echinocereus cand.cans of catalogs. May length and breadth, with thirteen The R-^inbow Cacti s of Southern Ari- zona and Sonera is noted for the beautiful bright magenta colored petals and and var ed coloring of the all radiating seven or eight pale lavendar sepals, and inter. and ocking, extremely rigpid the four stigmata white, style and fi a- acute the latest ones of each sea- spiU-S, ments with and anthers son being rcs-;coloe% and the earlies't tinged purple, ones a pale yellowish, thus forming varie- bright orange. The largest plant gated rirgs around the stems. Flowers among a hundred is but little over an £%-3 inches high, 2 cr 3 in diameter. inch in height and diameter, and in CEREUS THURBERI Engelm. earlier days they were literally wo.-th The Pitahaya Dulce is an abundant their weight in gold. The flowers are species in Sonora and portions of open onlv in sunlight. 4^ California Art & Nature.

VICK'S BRANCHING ASTER. This when cut so clo ely resembles the el rysanthemum that on. y experts < an dis- tinguish, and as it tlowers about six w< eks earlier If is valued greatly by flor- ists. California Art & Nature. 49

HIBISCUS WUNSET. A pf^rp^tual blooming shrunby perenni- al, with deeply cleft leaves, producing bell- shaped i owers 6 to 9 inches in diam- eter, of a deep cream color, with a vel- vety maroon center, asd a dark maroon blotch at base of petaL so California Art & Nature SI

ANEMONE 'WHIRLWIND.' A strong, perfectly hardy, double white anemone, IVz to 3 feet high, flowers 2VL-3 inches across. Orlg.na.ed with Jam s Vlck's sons. ECHINOCACTUS CHRYSACANTHUS O. Globose to cylindrical, v»i h about 18 ribs and 10 flexuous annulated central spines 2 inches long, and 4 to many slen- der white radial spines. Flowers satiny yellow, more rarely crimson. Cedros Is- land. ECHINOCACTUS LECONTEI Engelm. Plant 3-4 feet high, about one-third that in diameter, clavate; flo.ver 2 inches long, lemon yellow. Type locality on the low- er parts of the G.la and Colorac'o rivers, and in Sonera.' The Mohave and Colora- do Desert plants, usual. y lef erred to th s species, seem to me di tin t. This now seems to me distirct Irom either E. W.s- lizeni or E. cylindra es. Our colored portra.t fairly well re; re- CERKUS COLUBRINUS Otto. sents a young plant from Arizona, but does not show the dis in-ju.sh.ng cha a - CEREUS VIRIDIFLORUS Engelm. tcristics. The Green-llowered Cfreus of the Rocky MAMMILLARIA DIOIOA K. Brandg. M. Goodridgii Enge'ma n (not Scheer"). Mountains is especially beautiful on ac- small globular species, close:y set with b.-own- count of the red, purple and white spines ish or white spines, the central one curved with wh'ch the plant is covered. Flow- into a hook. The delicate yellowish v.-hite flowers are succeeded by the club-shaped, ers numerjvs, qi'lte lirg? and showy, scarlet berries that possess the flavor of wild- light-yellowlsh-sreen, very hardy and eas- wood strawberries, and are sometimes calleKi ily grown. "hep-pitallas," the "llavina" of the .Me.^icaiis.

EM^Rg'nsKw^M^m

Vo.iime I. Number 4. March, igo2. Price 20 cents; $2 a year.

Califorr^ia Art & Natuire

Art (2f Nature Company, publishers. No. S6S i^th st.. Sari Diego, California.

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S . or less numbers in the of PIQEONg .AilD'p^VE valleys sontH- ern and central California at all times There names are c'.early synonymous, of the year, but leave the cooler parts pigeon being usually applied to the lar- of the State in winter. Their breeding ger and dove to the smaller species of season is March to September. The C'Umbae. Th-s fami'y is found nests are sometimes paced on the thrcusJiout the tropical and temperate ground but commonly in trees or sl^^b- parts of the wor'd; the center of abun- bery. As game birds they are shot Ih da: C3 b3ing New Guinea and the Ma- Quantities in autumn. ]R-y Archipelago, where mo:'e than one Their common name is derived from third rf ihe known species occur. More the!r cooing notes, which have a than three hundred species have been mourning sound to mjst human ears, described, about eighty of these baing but doubt'ess are really a manifestation or ' fou d in North and South America, of the bird's happiness or p'easure. . atout the number known from the is« Another well k«own Caiifornian ^^. land of New Guinea alone. cies is the Band-tai'ed Pigeon which ik The breeding season of most species most common in the foothirs and is prolracted, several broods being mountains, feeding large'y on acorns reared annually as is neces ary from and berries. This is our largest pigeon the small nunr.bcr of eggs in a clutch, and is much persecuted by gunners un- which is often but one though usually til it has become very wild and waryl two. The nests are frail affairs and Band tailed Pigeons are irregularly mi- a e commonly p'ared in bushes or trees gratory, moving about as the food sup- at a n-od:rale he'g .t. Seme species ply varies and som: times apparently occ-s:onally nest on the ground. The from mere caprice, being occasionaty young are reared in the nest. Their plentiful in a locality and then scarce

growth is rapid. ;.' '::"^ =.;, ;- . for years. They are commonly found "Gentle as a dove" is an old siawrttut in flocks except in the breeding season, the fact is that doves and pigeons are these flocks sotogtiigaes ' ' nuinberiii^ often The ' irascible and hundreds. . pugnacious. _ ,. .,- many V . .^ food is seeds, fruits and nuts. The Their breeding seastin is long. I have' flight is rapid, powerful and sustained, found their eggs as early as March and and is often accompanied with a whist- as late as August. Their nests are ling sound.. The gat is a wak. placed on branches in the middle pc, The best known Caiifornian spec"es is lower part of deciduous or coniferous" the Mourning Dove, sometimes called trees. Their notes are much hoarser the Turtle Dove and Carolii.a Dove. than those of mourning doves. This species is found in nearly all parts T^^o more species ar« found in the of the United States, migrating north extreme southeastern part of the St%te

- in summer to the southern parts of in the Colorado valley; these are: /, in to British Amer'ca, and south winter Tho White-wi -ggd pove,^|n.t,erni7di-!i the West Indies and Central America. aie in size T)elweea the two prepe^i^g-j Mour.ing Doves are found in greater species, and California 54 Art & Natute 55 The Mexican Ground Dove, a minia- AMETHYST—Deep purple, bluish ture of tlie Mourning Dove, being but violet fading almost into pink, crystal- little larger than a sparrow. These are line variety of quartz. Colorado yields summer residents only, and are not many fine specimens. May be expected common on the California side of the to occur in some of the mines of the Colorado River. Colorado desert. FRANK STEPHENS. ANGLESITE—Sulphate of lead has been reported from the Colorado de ert MINERALS. in seme abundance; composition about 73.6 per cent oxide of lead, and 26.4 per ANTONITB—A talc-like mineral, discovered in a copper mine at ?an An- cent sulphuric acid. tonio, Baja California, not far froia ACTINOLITE — Abundant in the T«dos Santos bay. It was formerly Colorado desert. shipped to Nev/ York and used in tl e AGATE—Occurs in various forms in manufacture of decorative papers. Southern California, but not in com- A RGENTITE—Silver glance is com- mercial quantity. The world's supply posed of about 87.7 per cent silver and is principally received from Uruguay 12.9 per cent sulphur. One of the most and Brazil, which is mainly cut and valuable of silver ores. polished in Germany. APATITE-Phosphate of lime has ALABASTER—An abundance of ap- been reported from the property of the parently good quality of this form of San Jacinto tin mining compar;y. gypsum occurs on the Colorado desert, ASBESTOS—A four-foot vein seven and in Baja California. miles east of Elsinore, Cal., has beea ALLANITE—Named for T. Allen, worked to a considerable extent, and who discovered it among minerals from the product manufactn.red into b'i er East Greenland, contains the rare covering, etc. Other deposits exist in metals cerium, didymium, glucinum, the mountains bordering the Colorado lanthanum, and yttrium, together with desert on the west, but the demand oi alumina, silica, lime, and iron, with this coast seems not to justify their traces of magnesium, manganese, so:la, development at present. copper, and water. This occurs in ASPHALTUM—Occurs native at var- Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and in ious points along the coast from Pan Southern California. Diego northward. California p"0 u ed ALMANDITE—Red garnets are not in 1896 enarly 75,009 tons, worth aloat rare in the California placer mines. half a million dollars. Some few crystals of gem value have ATACAMITE—A nntiv? oxychlor'de been produced in San Bernardino of copper, originally found in the form county; the finest having been valued of sand, in the desert of Atacama. be- as high as $50 apiece. In the placer tween Chili and Peru. A specimen le- mines in Lower California the garnets ceived of Emiliano Ybarra from a were formerly saved, and sold for $5 mine near Calmalli, Baja Ca'ifornia, per pound—being popularly called is identified as this species. rubies—like the garnets of Arizona and AZURITE—"Mountain blue" (blue New Mexico, which are said to be carbonate of copper) occurs sparingly much superior to the "Cape Rubies" by in some of the copper mines of South- artificial light. ern California. One of the most beau- ALUM—^See kalinite. tiful of copper ores, magnificent speci- AMAZONSTONE—A beautiful semi- mens of which have been produced by precious stone of the feldspar group; the copper mines of Arizona. Compo- the finest specimens of which come sition about 69.2 per cent copper oxide, from Pike's Peak, Colorado. Has been 25.6 per cent carbonic acid, and 5.2 per reported from Baja California, but I cent water. have seen no specimens in proof. BARITE—Barytes or heavy spar is AMBER—See succinite. composed of about 65.7 per cent baryta AMBLYGONITE — Associated with and 34.3 per cent of sulphuric acid. The lepidolite in the lithia mines of the present supply in the United States is county. excessive of the demand. 56 California Art & Nature. 57 BERYLS—Quite equal to those from cludes marble, limestone, calcareous the Ural mountains have been produced tufa, etc. The cement rock of San in Maine and North Carolina. Diego county (notably in Jamul valey) BIOTITE—Black mica occurs in is a form of calcite, especially adapted various localities in Southern Cali- for the manufacture of cement. Thino- fornia and in Baja California. is another form. Limestone occurs abundantly in var- lite, occuring on the Colorado desert, ious places in Southern California, and is mined at Colton and San Jacinto* Marble occurs in San Diego county in various colors, but the quarries are as yet wholly undeveloped. Some deli- cate yellow marble—the most highly prized color among the ancients—oc- curs on the Colorado desert. Ophiolyte, or Verd-Antique marble, occurs on the Mojave desert, where large quarries of this beautiful and higly prized ornamental stone have been rartially developed. CERARGYRITE — "Horn silver" (chloride of silver), composed of about 75.3 per cent silver, and 24.7 per cent chlorine, weighs 345 pounds per cubic foot, 5.8 cubic feet making a ton. CHALCEDONY — An uncrystalized translucent or clouded variety of quartz, white, yellow, brown or blue (usually whitish), having a luster nearly like wax. When arranged in stripes or layers of different colors it constitutes agate; and if the stripes are all horizontal, it is called onyx. Portions of the Colorado desert in San Diego county are strewn with water- worn fragments cf chalcedony of ciffe.-- ent colors, acres of the mesa-like form- ation, near the boundary line between CANAIGRE the United States and Mexico, being covered with pebbles of every con- BOLEITE—A rare mineral described ceivable color and as smoothly laid as from the copper mines at Santa Ros- a piece of mosaic work. alia, Baja California, on the west coast CHALCOPYRITE — Copper pyrites of the Gulf of California. Occurs in exist in large deposits in Baja Califor- perfect cubes. nia, and a mine of this ore is now be- BORAX—Originally obtained from a ing developed near Encinitas. lake in Thibet; composition about 36.6 CHRYSOCOLLA—Silicate of copper, per cent boric acid, 16.2 per cent soda, composed of 45.2 per cent copper oxide, and 47.2 per cent water. Of a white 34.3 per cent silica, and 20.5 per cent color, sometimes grayish, or with a water. Beautiful specimens of this shade of blue and green. The deserts ore occur on the Colorado desert, near of California and Nevada produce an- the Colorado river, and in Lower Cal- nually about half a million dollars' ifornia. It is sometimes mistaken for worth, the product in 1896 being 13,- turquoise. 508,000 pounds, worth $675,400. CHRYSOPRASE—The locality near CALCITE—Carbonate of lime, con- Visalia, Cal., yielded to the value of sisting of lime and carbonic ac'.d. $400 in 1896, more than half of it for Rhombohedral in crysta'Jzation. In- cutting, the rest for specimens. 58 California Art & Nature. 59

Chrysoprase is a translucent, pale earthy masses in a gangue of lieavy bluish-green or yellow-green chalced- spar. This occurrence was noted in ony. 1881, and is described in the report of the state mineralogist for 1882, page 207, and in the fourth report, page 279. FLUORITE—Colorado desert, in a massive form. GALENA—Lead sulphide, composed of about 8B.6 per cent lead, and 13.4 per cent sulphur, is one of the heav'est known ores, weigh'ng 461 pounds per cubic foot, 4.34 cubic feet mak'ng a ton. It occurs in consideable atund- ance in some portions of the Colorado desert, carrying a greater or le:s quant- ity of gold and silver. GARNET—See Almandi'e. GILSONITE—A h3 drocarb n, rrpo t- ed from Utah and Southern California. GRAPHITE—Plumbago or black ca 1 is a carbon like the diamond, with some iron oxide and clay. A good quality of this mineral occu'-s nea h3 Jacumba valley, in San Diego coun'y, MAMMILLARIA BLEPHANTIDENS Lem. California, in some abundance, bu' re- mains undeveloped. It also occurs in CORUNDUM—Reported from Los other parts of the country, but not in Angeles county by Dana. suflicient quantities to be of any com- CYANITE—Large quantities of sma-l mercial importance. crystals occur in the Cargo Muchacha GYPSUM—Sulphate of lime, w-e:i district, on the Colorado desert. None pulverized the plaster of pans of co3i- of gem value have been yet dis- merce; when crystalized kr^wn as covered. selenite; the finer granular vari^^y is DENDRITE — "Footprints of the known as alabaster. Comp sd cf abou fern"; some beautiful specimens have 32.5 per cent lime, 46.6 per cent sul- been collected on the Mojave desert, phuric acid and 20.9 per cent wate-. by Mr. Ira J. Gray. Very abundant near Riverside, on ihe DIAMOND—A small stone was re- Colorado desert and Baja California. ported in 1898 as having been found in HALITE—The salt fieds of the Colo- Baja California, about 50 miles south rado desert, of San Quintin bay, and of Ensenada. Diamonds have not been of Scammons Lagoon, Baja Califo nia, found in such numbers and size in ensure San Diego an abundant supp'y California as to render the search for aside from her own product, and prom- them profitable, but no serious pros- ise to add considerably to our com- pecting for them has yet been attempt- merce. ed. Itacolumnite or flexible sand- HEMATITE—This iron ore occurs stone, are alleged matrix of the dia- sparingly on the Colorado desert, in mond has been reported from San greater abundance on the Mojave des- Diego county. ert and in Baja California, whee the DUMORTIERITE: Reported by Dur- writer obtained some fine specimens den as occuring 25 miles from Ogilby, of hematite in quartz in the Santo on the Colorado desert. Tomas valley. A beautiful variety is found near San HYALITE, or Mullfr's glass—A var- Die^ro. iety of opal, is described by T. Beck as ERYTHRITE—-Occurs at the Kelsey occurring in Bea\er valley, Utah. A mine near Compton, Los Angeles fine quality of this stone occurs near county, Cal., associated with an ore of silver and of cobalt in dark colored ITACOLUMNITE — Flexible sand- 6o California Art & Nature 6i stone has been reported from the Jaeumba valley, but has not been seen by the writer. JASL-ER—Baja Calfornia. JET—A fine b'ack jet, evidently in soTT.e quantity, is reported from the vi- cinity of Santa Fe, New Mexico. KALINITE—Alum occurs in ccnsid- eiabls abnridar.ce in the sulp'rur m nes of Baja California, especially in the region of the Cocopah mountains. KAOLINITE—The kaolin found at Cajcn mountain, now beins^ indepsnd- ent'y trsted by the owners of the n-im- e ous la ms, as a t;act:)d c ns de abls atteiili'.n, and so far seems to meet ^\ith favor. An analysis by H. Boed:- ker & Co., gave the following resu't: Silica, 62.30 per cent; a'uraina, 20.50 per cent; iron (trace) .00 per cent; lime, 2.29 per cent; magnesia, .25 par csnt; v:ater, 11.60 per cent; moistu e, 3.10 per cent. Rational analysis: Clay subsLar.ce, 67.2 per cent; feldspar, 15.6 CHREUS HOPPENSTEDTI. pel' cent; cuartz, 17.2 per cent. LEPIDOLITE—Lithia mica occurs in The finest specimens are probably an immense deposit near the old mis- fcund m the Ural mountains, but mag- sion at Fa'a—probably the largest and cifcent masses have been mined in richest liihia mine in the world—upon Arizona, and it usi:aliy occurs in coi> v/Lich about $4,000 were expended in per mines wheie azirite, chry?cs:l a development work during 1899. LHhia or c!:prite are present, in the C:.laiadJ of American production—the product and Mojave deserts, and in Eaja Cali- of Lhis mine—was for the first time forria. placed upon the market, and thu.s a MICA—The mica of commerce is a new A me; Iran industry inaugurated at form 01 muscovite, but no mine in San the close of the century. Elego county has yet become a p c- LIG.MTE—A vein 4 feet thick, 12 duce-. See biotite, lepidoiite, and mi'es nofth of San Di go, was reported mus cvi-e. • by Dr. I.e Conte years ago, but seems JIOLYEPENITE—Composed cf 60 pe to have been since lost sight of and re- cent mohbderum and 40 per cent cf mains undeveloped. £U'pbVir; a soft, black ust: ous, fo'iat:d LIMESTONE—About 11.5 cubic feet mineral, often mistaken for graphite. weigh a ton, or 174 pounds to the cubic Occu's spar ngly in g.anitic veins tea.- foot. See calcite. the Jamul and Jaeumba valeys and at LIMONtTE—Elsinore, Cal. Ci^mp-. m fan Diego county, and in MAGNETITE—Occurs eight or nine raja CBliforuia, but not jet known to miles north of Mesquite station, on the occur in this region in paying ouanti'y. Colorado desert. I have also found The United Stales produced this min- magneuc iron ore in the mountains eral for the first time commerciary in north of Salton; in the Encantada mine MUSCOVITE—Common throughout near Alamo (rich in gold), in the Santo the granitic forma. ions. Tomas valley, and at San Ysidro, Baja ORTHOCLAR.E—Ft-ld.^par is not rare California. rear Ballena, and occurs at Julian and MALACHITE—Green carbonate of in Pfja California in considerable copper, composed of about 71.9 per c.uEnLiiy, and of a quality sriiable for cent copper oxide, 19.9 per cent car- t] e manufacture of fine wa e. bonic acid acd 8.2 per cent water, forms 1G8S- -Fibnut 10 tons, wnrth $50 per ton. the most beautiful of copper ores, at OFS^EIAN—Ee;crt d 'o o; c ir in im- times becoming a semi-precious stone. niense quantities near the head of the 62 California Art & Nature 63 Gulf of Cortes, in Baja California. • I TALC—A foliated variety occurs at have found small fragments in San Elsinore, Cal. See antcnite. Diego county, evidently brought from TOURMALINE—See achroite, Brazil- a distance by the Indians, who valued ian emerald, indicolite, rubellite and volcanic glass for the manufacture of schorl. arrow and spear points. The remarkable deposit at Mesa OPAL—Occurs on the Colorado des- Grande, which developed in ISOO many ert, and also credited to the limits of fine t;-an^luc?nt, or even transparent, the city of San Diego, but only the in- large, separate crystals with perfect ferior varieties are yet known in Cali- prisms and terminations has not failed fornia. Banded opal has been describ- to arouse the cupiuity of man—as has ed as occurring in Beaver valley, Utah, frequently been the case with discover- some three miles from Granite Peak. ies of gems. Litigation has therefore See hyalite. att.nied iti further deve:opmeat this but ISOl has seen it PECTOLITE—"A silicate of alumi- year, produce from to cr in num, calcium, and nat lum." Has bed $25,0i;0 $120,000 more gems and stones— reported as occurring in Southern Cal- precious according to the var< ifornia. ious reports that have been circulated— PERIDOT—New Mexico. only a small part (as u;ual) goi g to those who its vaue. The PLATINUM—This metal is found on- proved gan- cf Mesa Grande tourmaline is ly in metalic condition, sometimes al- gue gen. era wl.i e. loyed with iridium or osmium. A nug- ly opaque quartzite, thb crystals it in all get weighing nearly two pounds (only penetrating directions. Some cour in which 2%x3 inches in size) from Colombia, lepidolite occurs in and more les South America, kas been reported as larger brilliant sc than in tni wel the largest in America, with an in- -known locality at Pa a. to the trinsic value of $350. It contained 85 Owing great variety cf co or ng, tion aid per cent pure platinum and 15 per si^e, lere beatty, this iocaU has cent of gold, palladium and rhodium, ity proved the most important yet and had a bluish-white lustre. This fou- d in the United Spates if not in trie metal is almost as soft as copper and as The objects of this association are lo ductile as gold. It can be rolled so further the systematic and scienti c of West to thin that a thousand sheets in a pile exploration America, and would not exceed an inch in height. foster and promote in every l3gtmr.t? PLUMBAGO—See graphite. manner the various branches of t" e PREHNITE—San Ysldro, Ba;a Cali- mineral industries. Thece are hin- fornia, associated with calcite. drcds of unievelooed mne eI p- p - QUARTZ—A cubic foot weighs 162 ties in the wesLern United States and pounds, 12.34 cubic feet making a ton. Mexico, containing goid, silver, co.ter, Occurs in an endless number of varie- iron, lead, and other metals, or valu- ties. See agate, carnelian, chalc^dony, able minerals, waiting for some one has been found by the writer near with capital and business judgment to jasper, etc. turn them into paying mines. No in- Mesa Grande. vestment yields better returns than a Silicified wood occurs in various good mine. But there are thousands parts of San Diego county, but in the of alleged mines or prospects, and greatest abundance and variety on the many fortunes have been spent on Rose quartz in magnificent masses worthless claims, whil3 valuable p o - Colorado desert; while Arizona is no ;ei erties are often ignored for years, until for its Chalcedony park, where an en- chance or education reveals their val- tire forest is preserved in a beautiful ue. agatized form. TURQUOISE — Reported from the Diatomaceous earth occurs on the sea Colorado desert, but no specimens have coast near San Diego. as yet been seen by the writer. Cer- RHODONITE—"Between San Diego tain copper ores are easily mistaken and Colton." for this stone. Mines of this g?m --f RUTILE—This rare mineral was dis - great extent are being worked in the covered by the writer at Mesa Grande Mojave desert region northwest cf SALT—See halite. Vanderbilt. 64 California Art & Nature. 65 WULFENITE—Very fine crystals of (analysis by Mr. Curry, of Pittsburg, molybdate of lead were obtained by Pa), the writer in 1888 from some of the C. R. ORCUTT. mines north of Salton, in the Colo- rado desert. METALS AND ORES.

MOHAVE DESERT IRON MINES. ANTIMONY—An ore carrying about 38 to 40 per cent of this metal, and from Abcut 16 mies due south from a $5 to $30 per ton in gold, occura near point midway between Newberry and San Diego, and awaits development. Ilaz'itt stations. 275 miles from San CAESIUM—A rare metal contained Diego, Cal., and 180 miles from Los An- in minute quantities in lepidolite. It grocs, Ca\, by the Santa Fe route, oc- v/cu!d prove useful if an available sup- curs prob^b y the largest deposit of ply existed. i.-oi ores on the Pacific Coast. It is LITHIUM.—Amblygonlte, Ie:?idoli ie, A-aiiouly crtmatei by conservative spodumene, and triphylite are fhv; prin- men that fifty to one hundred million cipal o.-es of this rare metal, Iha l:g.it- tors cf magnetic and hematite ores lie est known. fb'"V2 and convenient to a suiable rai'way grade, which can b3 (iUdrri3d r:;'hcr Ih^n mined— if we restrict the wcrl r-i ing to the English sense of u'drground workings. The ch'ef chemist of thg U. S. Geo- logical Eurvey, after an examination of the mag etite, ?ays: "A very high L'.-ade of magnetic ore with but a trace of titanium." Prof. Pierce de P. Ricketts, the well knov/n ex-chief of the school of mines and m:ta'lurgy, of Co'umbia Coliege, N?w Yo.'k, secursd the following re- sults from an examnat on made foi- the fo! owing elements only: Meta ic iron. 68.48; Manga-ese. .038; Sulphur, .076; litsniim, .01; Phosphorus, (trac) per centum. Prf Woulfe, ch mist of the U..ion Iron Works, San Francisco, Cal., se- cured the following results from a car load ca:h of the Magnetite (M) and Hematite (H) : Sesqui oxide of iron, M PELECYPHORA ASE3L.LIP0RMIS Ehrenb. 68.8, H 81. S4; Proto oxide of iron, M 25 5, The Kafchet cactus is little H 8.28; Alumir.a. M 2 843. H 3.24; Man- a gem from Mexico, so-called trom the ganese oxide, M .52, H .43; Lime, M 72, shape of the tubercles. It bloomed in San H 82; Mag.e?ii, M 3.81, H 3 18; Phos- Die:ro on day, scarce inch in phorus a-.hydride, M .013, H .0:6; Sul- May % len,rth and br-eadth, with thirteen phur, M .C33, H .47; SiMca, M .845, H bright mar-enta colored and .061 per centum. petals seven or eis'ht pale lavendar sepals, of surface ores from all the Sampes the four stig-mata white, style and fi'a- 50 workirgs. aggrcgc-ting lbs, givj: men*^s tinged with purple, and anthers Iron, 66.25; Silica, 1.65; Lime, 1.35; Mag- bright orange. The largest plant 33 ncrix, ; Euphjr. .031; Fh spho -ic srrnr.p: c hr-'^red is but little over an acid, .554; Tatanic acid, 0; Alumi:a, .81', inch in height and diameter, and in Marganrse, .25; Iroi porox d^, 72.21; earlier days they were literally wc^f^ Iron proto oxide, 20.1S; Mancancsa ox- their wei.cht in gold. The flowers are ide, .39; and Phosphorus, .024 per cent. open onl^' in sunlight. ' ^ California Art & Nature 67 HEMAN CHANDLER ORCUTa' margined with very dark brown, 5-15 mm MEMORIAL COLLECTION. wide, outer edge usually crenated with white or lig'ht brown. San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt Todos A of natural 1935); catalog history specimens Santos bay, (Oi'cutt 1881), San Quintin bay (Orcutt 1980), and presented to American schools by Chas. Lagoon Head, Ba>a California (Orcutt 1986). Monterey, Cal. R. Orcutt in memorium of his father. (Stearns). LUTRICOLA ALTA Conr. II. San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1922). ACMAEA ASMI Midd. MYA ARENARIA Linn. Shell 14 inch in width and Myp. Hemphlllii Newcomb. heighth, % San Francisco in ieng-th; jnter.or dark trown, almost ba", Ca'. (Henry Uemp- hiil, N 1S74). Washington. Arcidenta ly 'black', rarely lig'ht brown at apex; out- introduced on the Pacific from ti e side dull brown, identical in color with roist, Chlcrostoma Atlantic seaboard, and variousiy known funebiale, on which it fre- as the quently occurs. San "soft-shelled," "squirt," "long- Diego, Gal. (Orcutt necked" clam, and "mananose." An im- 1936); Todos £antos bay (t.rcutt 1974), and San Quintm portant foc'd species. bay, Baja Cahfomia (Orcutt Sfen Francisco bay, Cal. (St, Baja California (Or-^utf*. CHLOROSTOMA RUGOSA A. Ad. Quaternarv: San D'eso, Ca'if. Borre- Guaymas, Sonora (Crcutt 1799). go srr-'ngs. Colorado Desert (Orcutt). CORBULA LUTEOLA Cpr. San Diego, Cal. rorcnn 1821). San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 191). PECTEN MONOTIMERTS Conr. CYTHBREA CHINONAEA Uke. San D'ego CpI. (Cri-n't 1S'"6>. Lagoon Head, Ba;a Californ a (Orcutt PHASTANELLA COMPTA Gld. 1750). San Dipgo, Cal. (Orcrtt 1918). ECHINARACHNIUS EXCENTRICUS PI,ANORBTS TRIVOLVI3 Ppy. Val. San Diego. Cal. (Orcutt if04), San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1934); Lagoon PLEUROTOMA OLIVACBA Shv. Head, Baja California (Orcutt 2552). Flat Gupyrras Sonora (Or-ntt 19-(ii. Sea Urchin; 'sand doliar'. POLLICIPFiS POLYMBRUS Sby. ENCOPE CALIFORNICA Verrill. 'Go-Pft barnacle'; San Diego, Cal. (Or- Lagoon Head, Baa California (Orcutt cutt 2547). 2551). PORTTINUS XANTU°I Ptm. FELANIA SERRICATA Rve. San Diego biy Ca' fOrcutt l-^S?)- Todos Lagoon Head, Baja California (Orcutt go nt^s bav. Ba^'a Cal'<'orri"a (Orcutt 1858). 1747). PTERONOTUS FESTIVT^S Hinds. LITORINA PHILIPPII Cpr. Sfin Di'-go Cal. (<^r^'tt 1760). Santa Rosalia, Gulf of California (Or- PTBRORHYTIS NUTTALLI Conr. cutt 1965). Cerostoma nuttallii Conr. LITORINA SCUTULATA Gld. Sfn Di'go Cal. COrcutt 1768). Todos Santos bay, Baja California (Or- PITPA STBRKIANA Pils. cutt 1970); San Diego, Cal. (Orcutt 1923). Abundant on Bo'-ellp f'^ctrr'a. rn f'^e LOTTIA GIGANTEA Gray. lards n'^ar San OuinMn bay, Ba^a Call- 'Owl limpet'—so-called from the inter- f"r"1a (Orf-utt 1322—co-types). First dis- ior markings frequently resembling the tr'1->iitp'=l oq P>nnn cVirr^n'n P'r outline of an owl; shell 3 inches long, 21,2 SA,NGTTINOL4RTA NUTTATL'I Con". broad, 1%. high, solid; dark brown mottled S"n Di'g^, '~'al. (Orci^tt '894'». with white, olivaceous when older, inter- STr'T>TT^VR PTFURCATTTf? Ytve. ior white with coffee brown markings, San Diego, Cal. (Crutt 1CC5).

igs??#«#s^s^?sa

Vohnne I. Number S- April, igos. Price 20 cents; $2 a year.

Califorr^iai NatuLre

Art & Nature Company, publishers, No. 868 15th st., San Diego, California. mnw^^fiK^amn

FROM COL. CHI. ACAD. SCIENCES. BRANDT'S CORMORANT. COPYRIGHT 190 A. W, MUMFORD, C 420 (Phalacrocorax penicillatus). About 14 Life-size. Ceilifori^ia A.rt 8^ Nature

MEDICINAL PLANTS. poisons administered by the old school physician. In the Mission days of California, the Jesuite and Franciscan fathers and WEST AMERICAN MOLLUSCA. the early settlers found it necessary to rely upon their own resources and to SCALA STEARNSII Dall. Pliocene: Pacific San become proficient in many trades and Beach, Diego, Calif. (Stearns, 18S7). which in a more advanced professions Stearns, Wagner Free Inst tr III, pt stage of civilization are relegated to 2:24S t 21 f 4 (1892). Medicine and were specialists. surgery SELENITES HEMPHILLI W. G. BInn. sciences which naturally demanded Eastern Oregon; Washington. the attention of everi- one, especially SELENITES VANCOUVERENIS Lea. of the fathers who were virtually en- Large, whorls 5, the superior part of trusted with both the spiritual and the last one flattened upon approaching physical welfare of these primitive the aperture, rounded beneath; bright shining, roughly striate, communities. At times, doubtless yellowish-green, with very slight revolving lines, suture their limited stock of simple remedies moderate, umbilicus of moderate width ran low, and with the slow means of and deep. Diameter 30 mm. Oregon; communication with other communi- Washington; Alaska; western Idaho. vancouyerensis Lea. and with Mexico and Macrocylis ties, Spain, Iryon. Mong T M 33, t 3 f 6. whence they drew their earlier sup- SPORTELLA STEARNSII Dall. plies, they gladly availed themselves "Shell of moderate size for the genus, of the traditional knowledge of the Inefiuilateral, not very convex, white, virtues of native plants which ob- with an almost imperceptible yellowish anterior dorsal margin nearly tained among the Indian population epidermis; straight, the base parallel with it, the around them. end.'t bluntly rounded; surface nearly Among the Californian aborigines, as smooth ,with fainlj incremental lines and among most tribes of Indians, there microscopic sagrination; teeth normal, stronj^, the posterior cardinal prominent, existed so-called or medicine men vertical; ligament strong, external, on a doctors, who, by practicing on the su- nymph; resilium well developed, its area perstitions of their fellows, and with of attachment thickened; posterior ad- ductor scar the aid of their traditional knowledge rounded, unusually large. Lon. 13.5, alt. 10, diam. 5 mm. One well- of the virtues of certain plants—hand- preserved specimen from the Gulf of Cali- ed down from generation to generation fornia, exact locality unknown, is con- tained in the Stearns collection."— of medicine men—followed with great- Dall, U S Na Mu pr 21: 885, 879, t 87, f 8, 12 er less the art. or success healing (1899). Local remedies, however, are known SUCCINEA STRETCHIANA Bland. used in all climes and every where and Keep, West Coast shells, 129. among all conditions of people, and Tryon, Monog T M 19, t 2 f 5. unquestionably the simple formulae, Globose-conic, thin, pellucid, shining, strlatulate; suture comprised of harmless vegetable in- sipire short, obtuse, well impressed; yhorls 3, convex, last in- gredients, as practiced among a norm- flated; aperture roundly oval, columella ally healthful rural community, are arcuate, slightly thickened. Greenish horn color. diameter 5 more successful in the average cases, Length 6.25, mm. Sub-alpine Sierra Nevada, California than the combinations of complicated and Nevada, 4,000 toi 6,500 feet altitude. 70 California Art & Nature. 71 MYSELLA ALEUTICA Ball. posterior one shorter and stouter, the "Shell small, solid, ovate, white, resilium subumbonal and very small; smooth, covered with a polished straw- adductor scars small, the pallial scar colored epidermis with usually 3 or 4 linear. Lon. 9, alt. 7.3, diam. 3 mm. A concentric darker colored zones; beaks single shell found on the beach at San distinct, often eroded, ends and base Pedro, California."—Dall U S Na Mu pr rounded, valves moderately convex, 21: 893, 881, t 88 f 4 (1899). teeth strong in the right valve, anterior adductor scar narrow and rather ir- MYSELLA PLANATA Dall. regular, elongated, posterior rounded, Dall, U S Na Mu pr 881, 892 t 88 f 12 pallial scar linear. Lon. 4.3, alt. 3.3, (1899). diam. 2 mm. Bering sea, the Aleutians, Tellimya planata Dall, in Krause; and east to Sitka bay, Alaska,"—Dall, U Beitr Moll fauna des Beringsmeers, Arch S Na Mu pr 21: 892-3, 881, t 87 f 6 (1899). f Naturg 51 pt 1: 34, t 3 f 6 a-d (18&5). Bering Strait, south to the Aleutians MYSELLA TUMIDA Cpr. and east to the Shumagin Islands, Dall, U S Na Mu pr 21: 881, 892, t 87 f 7 Alaska. (1899). Tellimya tumida Cpr, Suppl R Brit SCHIZOTHAERUS NUTTALLII Conrad Assoc 1863: 88, 97, 129 (1864). Phila ac pr Tresufi maxim'-a Midd. 1865: 58. Lutraria capax Gould. Alaska peninsula, south to San Diego, Puget Sound to San D:eg», California. California. Closely appioachiijg the best oysters in tenderness and deiicacy. ERYCINA COMPRESSA Dall. "Shell large, subquadrate, thin, mod- CACTUS NOTES. erately compressed, white, covered with a conspicuous, thin, wrinkled, partly CKREUS CAESPITOSUS Engelm. The glossy periostracum; nearly equilateral, Lace Cactus, a beautiful little species, found in the posterior end slightly broader, both 'lexas and Mexico, with large magenta col- ends rounded, the basal margin nearly ored flowers, blooming when only 2 !nche.s straight; beaks inconspicuous, surface high, the flowers 2 inches across, and lasting with strong, irregular incremental l.nes, i days. The plant is enveloped with fine but no radial sculpture; pallial scar white spines, and can be "handled without rather wide and irregular, merging into jiloves." the subequal, rather narrow adductor OPUNTIA OCCIDENTALIS Engelm. A scars; resilium large, wide, and long, Prickly Pear of luxuriant growth, with stout more or less calcareous ventrally, left woody stems and innumerable branches : joints valve with one obscure cardinal tooth, 9 to 12 inches long and 6 to 8 inches across; right valve with the tooth better devel- flower yellowish and orange; fruit 2 inches oped; the right dorsal valve margins long, very sour and juicy. of the left valve a little, overlap those OPUNTIA LEPT0CAULI3 D C. This is the but there are no distinct lamellae. Lon. of on widely adver.ised O. frutescens, Enge'm., IJ, alt. 13, diam. 6 mm. Dredged Texas and Mexico; 2 to 4 feet high, wi h slen- 4 to 28 fathoms in muddy bottom in from, der terete joints a fourth of an inch thick; the eastern part of Bering sea, south very small yellow flowers; berries scarlet. of Nunivak Island, the eastern Aleutians, Quite ornamental and a favorite with cactus and southward to Sitka, Alaska, by W. fanciers. H. Dall."—Dall, U S Na Mu pr 21: 888, OPUNTIA PROLIFERA Engelmann. This 88J, t 87. f 1, 8 (1890), densely-branching shrub bears a small flower of a pomegranate purple, and once grew in ERYCINA RUGIFERA Cpr. great abundance where the city of San Diego t 87 f 4 Dall U S Na Mu pr 21: 887, 880, now exists. (1S99). Hook. A hand- Cpr Supple R Brit CERBU3 MAC DONALDIAE Pythina rugifera STHiF slender-stem-ied spec es. of Tonduras, >ssoc 643 (1864). Phila ac pr 1865; 1863; 602, Central America, and one of the finest of the 57. Fo.veis 12 10 14 inches rude Whiteaves R night-flowering ca-ti. Lepton (Dall ms) across, with creamy white lanceolate petals, 1878-79: 198 Progr Geol Surv Canada B, with an outer fringe of narrow yello-w sepas; f 2 (1880). with a fragrance like vanilla. the of Geb a Lives attached to abdomen Miller. The a crustacean. CEREUS TRIANGULARIS pugetensis Dane, burrowing Pear bears most beautiful flowers Puget Sound. Strawberry scarcely less handsome than C. grandiflorus, inches the bright Dall. measuring 12 to 14 across; MYSELLA PEDROANA the size of a goose's egg, has "Shell rounded, rather com- scarlet fruit, large, thin, a flavor compared to strawberries; the plant pressed, white, with a concentrically Is easily distinguished by its triangular stems, rugoso pale-brownish epidermis (to and makes a most luxuriant growth, climbing in the adheres a deal which, type, good to the of its support. blackish oxide of beaks incon- readily top of iron); Procum- spicuous; surface with coarse, concentric, OPUNTIA SERPENTINA Engelm. with rare incremental lines; inequilateral; the pos- bent, yellow flowers, comparatively terior side short, dorsal margins merging in cactus collections. roundly into the! distal and they into the OPUNTIA SUBULATA Engelm. A beautiful basal margin, which last is nearly tropical species of rapid and rank growth, straight; hinge feeble, the right anterior with persistent vivid green leaves, and long, lamella elongated and very slender, the straight spines. 72 California Art & Nature 73

BOTANY OF SOUTHERN Meadow me: sepals 4-7, greejiish or petaloid: CALIFORNIA- imbricated in tlie bud, petals 0, akenes 4-15 in a

head, tipped by the stigma or short style, groved , FLOWERIN'G PLANTS. ribbed, or inflated; ovule suspended; fl in co- rymbs or panicles; leaves alternate. 2-:>-ternately Ph;enoganions plants, bearing true fl vhaving compound; leaflets stalked. f> stamens and pistils), and producing seeds which §1.— fl dioecious; anthers linear, acute or acumi- contain an embryo. nate. Class I.—Dicotyledo?«8. THALICTRUM POLYCARPUM S. Wat. Exogenous plants. Stems coiisi<«ting nf a pith Rather in the center, of bark on the outside, and these stout, 2-3 ft high, glabrous: leaves with phort the separated by one or more layers of fibronsor petiolesor npper ses-ile; leaflets inch lobes acuti>h to acumi- woody tissue, which, when the stem lives from variible, %-\ long; UHte: the year to year, increases by the addition of new panicle narrow, often small, s*amina:e crowdel on sh.)rt layers to the outside next to the bark. Kmbryo usually pedicels: antherd on slender filaments: fr in usually with 2 opposite cotyledons, or rarely acute, very dense with several ia a whorl. heads, compressed, broadly oblong-obovHte or SJUBCL.VSS I. — -ANGIOSPEBM*. obovate, abruptly acute, 2'4-3 lines long: seed Pistil consisting of a closed ovary whiih con- linear, terete, nearly >^ inch 1 ng j-i) hef4 da 1 THALICTRUM OCCIDENTALE A. tains the ovulesiind forms the fr. ; cotyledons 2. Gray DiVISlOM I.—POLYI'ETAL^. Of similar habit as T. polycarpum, leaflets Petals distinct, or nearly so (sometimes absent). rather larger, panicles more .--lender and open, RANUNCULACEAJE. thestaniii ate very d fi'ase »iih slender elorgii- ted pedicels, styles mo«"e attenuate: fr 1-6 in Crowfoot family: herbs or woody vines with each head, n4 inch long, apetalus with \he sepals often colored and peta- b-w Parish 1484 b mts, he 54 luid; sepals, petals, stamens * pistils all distinct; §2.— fl nsnally perfect; anthers small, elliptic- short: seed anatropous, embryo minute in firm oblong, obtuse. fie.-hy albumen: stipules none. THALICTRUM SPARSIFLORUM Turci.. Genus CLBMATIS LinnaeOM. Slender, glabrous, 1-3 ft high, leaves sessile or Virgin's Bower: sepals petaloid, colored, val- nearly so; leaflets >4-l>4 inch long, with ob- tuse often mucronate lobes: vate in the bud; pistils numerous; akenes many panicle loosely 'n a head; leaves opposite. few-fiowereU; pedicels elongated: fr-ing heads the divcricate §. —Petals 0; sepals 4. styles becoming long nodding, large akenes .strongly feathery awns in fr. compressed, semi-obovate. shortly pedicellate, CLEMATIS LIQUSTICIFOLIA Nutt«ll. slightly nerved. b-Alaska, Siberia, Utah, Col. Nearly glabrous, stems sometimes 30 ft. long, Genua MYOSLRL'S Llnnaenii. leaves 5-foliate, leaflets broadly ovate to lanceo- late, l'/i-3 inches long, acute or acuminate, 3- Sepals 5, spurred at the base; petals 5, lobed * coarsely toothed, rarely entire or 3 part- ed, fl dioecious, paniculate, sepals thin, silky, w, linear, on a slender claw, with a pit at its •i-6 lines akenes tails 1 -2 inches long: pubescent, stamens akenes long, o-ra n j Abundant along water courses summit; 5-20; very in the foothills and mt up to 6000 ft. be 52. da 1 numerous, crowded on a long and V. CALIPORNICA Wat. slender spike-like seed sus- Leaves silky-tomentose beneath, often small, receptacle; z s—the Sacramento he 52 pended. Very small herbs, with a tuft CLEMATIS LASIANTHA Nutt. of linear or spatulate entire radical leaves, Silky-tomentose, stems stout, elongated; fl di and solitary flowers on simple scapes. @ on rather stout 1-2-bracted oecious, solitary, ped- MYOSURUS MINIMUS Linn. uncles; sepals obtuse, thickish, 6-10 lines long; M. shortii Rafluei«)ue in Sill J 1:379. akenes pubescent. b— Plumas Co. Receptacle in fruit slender, 1-2 inches CLEMATIS PAUCIFLORA Nuttall. long: akenes blunt. distributed Silky-pubescent; stem rather slender, short- Widely in Au.stralia and jointed; leaves short .tfascicled; leaflets 3-5, only Europe, Asia, America ; 3-9 lines long, cuneate-obovate to cordate, most- apparently indigenous in California. ly 3-toothed or 4-lobed; fl solitary or few a pani- Var. APUS Greene. Mesas, s. cled, on slender pedicels: sepals thin, 4-6 lines Var FILIFORMIS Greene. Mesas, s. long: akenes glabrous. sj he!>2 MYOSURUS APETALUS Genua THALICTRUM Tovrnefort. Gay. M ariitatus Bth [vi-it G Torr cl blS 21. 7.| California Art & Nature. 75

Receptacle in fruit oblong or linear, roots, terrestial: stems short, erect or 2-8'^ long; akenes long-beaked: less assuro:ent, not rooting from nodes above than 2' high. Utah; Chili; mesas, s. ground; mature akenes turgid, and with Genus RANLNCULUS Linnaeus. introrsely apical or subapical rather subulate beak. Crowfoot: sepah usually 5; petals 3-15, eac I with a small scale or pit at the base RANUNCULUS ALISMAEFOLIUS Gyr. R. bolanderiGeCa acb 2:58 fide G inside; pistils numerous; akenes in a Idaho-Ca^ •head, usually flattened, beaked with the t Heads of carpels in fruit oblong of persistent style. Herbs, mostly peren- cylindraceous; akenes more turgid, or at least on the back, ni il, of somewhat varied habit; fl either rounded, obtuse solitary or somewhat crymbed. RANUNCULUS BSCHSCHOLTZII Schl. Petals re- §1. — Batrachium. t t only 5; styles uncinate, shorter than the broad RANUNCULUS AQUATILIS Linn. curved, ovary, and flat. Submerged, finely divided leaves. CANUS Benth. The Feftioii Batrachium is treated as a genus RANUNCULUS by Da i- in • imi bot studies 46", the 2 follow- b mts. (Parish 1542). in ; varieties referred to B being trJLhophyllum X Lax or weak stemmed, petals 6-15: Bossch prod fl boi 5. herbage hirsute or pubescent. Var. TRI -HOPHYLLUS Chaix. RANUNCULUS CALIFORNICUS Benth. more or less Stems long, coarsely filiform: pedun- Erect or nearly so, 12-18 in. high, ter- T'ilo^e : radicalleaves commonly pinuately cles 1-2^ long: fl 3-5^'' in ciameter: akenes nate, leaflets laciniately 3^7 lobed: lis 5-10 lines numerous in a close which globular head, lu diam. with 10-14 narrowly obovate petals, & is in diameter, 2-3^' b-i. shorter rcflexed sepals: akenes much flattened, Var. C^SPITOSUS DC. with fharp edges, uearly a Hues long; beak short

A curved : heads compact, ovate or globular. Stems short, growing in mud: seg- This Ci.lifornian buttercup is the most abnn- ments of leaves ligulate, \" or more dantspeciesof the gei.us in the state, 'where low gra-!-y hills are often y How wiih the shin- fl in diameter, long: — 2-3^^ j ing lis in early spring.' Cuyamaca mountains. § 2 Halodes. Gray. Like § 3, bu- Var. LATILOBUS Gray. mature carpels thin-walled and utricu- The common, coarse-leaved, more lar, the sides nervose: scapose and flag- robust fotm. elliferous. RANUKCULUS HEBECAKPUS Hook. &Arn. RANUNCULUS CYMBALARIA Pursh. Sleudcr,3-18 in. high, erect or procumbent: euneate Greenland, Asia, North and bouth lower leaves teruate or 3-partef', leaflets

more divided : America. at base & 2-3-lobed, upper ones akenes few, papillose-scabrous, with hooked § 3 EuRANUNCULUs Gray. hairs: fls minute, petals 5, aline or less long. nectariferous 9. 1830 Petals (with pit andscale, var. FUSILLUS s. Wats., Hot Calif, i, < ascend- usually yellow) and sepals deciduous, 'Stems verv slender r lilitbrm, weak* or .3-6 in. long: leaves reniform the sides nerveless, not ing procuinbeut, transversely crenatel.- 5-lobed or parted.'— Watson. rugose. K BONGAKDi Ge Erythea3:S4 *Perennial by rooting from the nodes Var douglasii Davis Or d—reported by Rose. Genus ACTAEA liinnaens, of cieeping cr the lower nodes of ascen- 'Baneberry. Sepals 4-6, nearly equal, petal- tiing stems, wholly fibrous rooted. like, frtl ing off early. Petals 4-10, small: Sta- RANUNCULUS HYDROCHAROIDES G. mens numerous. -Pistils single; stigma sessile, Soutliern California east of the Sierra 2 1ooed. Fruit a many-seeded berry. Seeds (Kellogg), z smooth, flattened, packed horizontally in 2 rows- R. Flammula L. Perennial herbs, with 2-3-ternalely compound leaves. Root usually tuberous or thickened. Var. Reptans E. Meyer,. Fis. in a terminal short raceme. Species per- Southern California (Parish 996). haps 2, belonging to the cooler regions of the * * Thickened-fibrous and fascicled N lUuin Ikmisphcre.'—Wats. Bot. Calif, i, 12. 76 California Art & Nature n

ACTAEA SPICATA Linn. light fall of snow (Oreutt W 7:215). With- Var. AKGUXA Tcrrey. out much fioral beauty, though the lux- uriant makes it in A. Nntt.—Riire in Ctilif.— foliage useful some sit- arguta Ala-ka. uations. Genus AQIIL.E:GIA Tonruefort. Paeonia Californica Nutt.—The root of the "Pionia" is Columbine: sepals 5, regular, colored considered valuable by the natives for the healing of sores and petal-like deciduous. Petals 5, all on man or beast. with a and alike, short, spreading lip, PAEONIA BROWNII Dougl. produced backwards into a long tubular loothillsj d b—usually oiaiiibuted as biowni spur; stamens numerous, the outer ones —perhaps running together, da 1, cv •! 8 Genua CROSSOSOMA Xnttall. long 4 exserted, the inner ones i educed C". BiGKLOVlI W.itsni,. to thin scales; pistils 5; styles s'ender; Genus AXE.MOXE Linnaeus. ovaries several-ovuled, becomiiig point- A. MULTIFI >A I'C. ed several-seeded follicles in iruit. BEBBERIDACEAE. Glabrous per nnial branching herbs, Genus BERBERIS Linnaeus. with 2-3 ternately compound leaves, the BERBERIS DICTYOTA Jepson. leaflets lobed; fl showy, terminating the BERBERIS FREMONTII Torrey. branches. BERBERIS NEVINII A. Gray. AQUILEGIA TRUNCATA Fisch. & Mey. BERBERIS PINNATA Genus DELPHIMIM Tournofopt. Lagasca. BERBERIS REPENS lindl. Larkspur: Cal. species are all perennial with SAKItACENIACEAE. showy fl: sepals .5, colored, petaloid, very ir. DARLINGTOMA CALIFOR.VICA Torrey regular, the Ujiper one prolonged backwards •Calf's head,' a striking pirennial of curious at the base into a long spur: petals 2-1, irreg- the aspect, only representative of the family in ular; stamens many,. pistils 1-5; fr of 1-5 de- Calif. Of a gieenish yellow hue, hiscent, many seeded follicles. Erect herbs, bcarnga nodding purplii-h fl. One of the Pitcher with palmately-cleft. lobed, or dissected i)lants, noted for its alluring insects to their denth. leaves, and racemose fl. PAPAVERACEAE. *BIue least not fl. (at red) PAPAVER CALIFORNICUM Gray. DELPHINIUM CONSOLIDA Linn. PAPAVER HETEROPHYLLUM Greene. DELPHINIUM DECORUM Fisch-Mey. PAPAVER LEMMONI Greene.

Very handsome dark indigo blue fl, js PAPAVER HKTEUOPHYLI.UM Ge. Genus PLATYSTEMOX Bentliain. north to Mendocino county. DELPHINIUM PARISHII A. Gray. PLATYSTE.MOiN CRINITUS Ge. DELPHINIUM PARRYI A Gray. 'Subaeaulesrent, the folijige, scapif'^rm ped- na, Mendocln„ few to hundred, to two or three thousand county San hiego. 4 Raja ('alif. fSocorro). feet where is is altitude, subjected to a PLATYSTEMON DENTICULATUS Gne. 78 California Art & Nature 79

Genus DEIVDROMECON Bentliuui. "3-10' high: radical leaves entire, the DENDROMECON FLEXILE Greene. laminal portion rhombic-ovate, acutish: cauline spatulate to linear, obtuse, sharp- G.eene bull, 'oriey club, xiii. 216. ly denticulate: petals narrowly oblong, 2" Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci i. 889:-Santa Cruz long: stamens 6-9. Temecula Canon, north o* ^an Luis in San Island, -on bushy hillsides everywhere: quite Rey, Diego county.— . March the writer. , ,, ,, , ^ ^ Cal., 27, ISSo, by the north w.,.d s at no great pleuuiulon ope Greene, Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci., ii. 59 (Mar. ' dis all' e from the shore hefi.'i 6, 1886). DENDROMECON HARFORDII Kellogg. Genus ARGEMONE: Linnaeus. DENDROMECON RIGIDUM Benth. ARGEMONE CORYMBOSA Greene. fc numeious slender Shrub 2-8 high, ARGEMONE HISPIDA A. Gray. branches, baric whitish : leaves ovate to lin- Is A platyceras L. & C. in. acute or mu- ear-lanceolate, 1-3 long, very ARGEMONE MEXICANA Linn. or twisted the crouate, sessile nearly so; upon ARGEMONE PLATYCERAS L. & O. base so as to become vertical, reticulately

veined, margin rough or denticulate : flowers Genus ESCHSCHOLTZIA Cham. bright yellow, 1-3 in. in diam. on pedicels 1-t eSCIISCIIOLTZI.V GLAUCA Ge. in. long: cai-sules curved, attenuate above esCHSCHOLTZIA MARITIMA Ge into the short stout style, 13^-23^ in. long ESCHSCHOLTZIA CIESPITOSA Bth. seeds V/^ liiics long. ESCHSCHOLTZIA GLYPTOSPERMA Ge. CANBY.V CANDIDA Parry. Wholly glabrous and very glaucous: stems Scaiee an inch high, densely branched, the very short: leaves much dissected, but short pomewhat llcphy leaves & short bianhes close- jj„^ compact: scape-like peduncles numer- fls 2 lin s namei in stout: ]y crowded, w, petals 'ons; ous. Cinches high, terete, and rather

. ac honor 01 Wiliiaiii M. Canby Or mj G Am (.oroUa as in [E. temiifolia], but of a deeper pr 2:51 1 1 (27 D 1876) Wat hot en 2 429. he 55 yellow, seeds not reticulate, but deeply pitted Genus ROM3VEYA Harvey. and of an ash-gray color. A most peculiar on Romneya coulteri Harv.—"A deadly species, collected in 1884, by Mrs. Curran, poison." "The whole plant is used, the Mohave Desert. The seeds are remarka- Esch- bruised and boiled and applied as a bly unlike those of any other known poultice or taken in liquor"—my notes scholtzia."—Ge Ca ac b 1:70 (7 Mr 1885). do not state whereof its virtue con- esCHSCHOLTZIA MEXIC-4.NA Greene. sists. It will 'naturally be inferred, "Annual, smooth and glaucous: foliage less that its are similar and E how^ever, properties fl,jeiy dissected [than E. calil'ornica to those of nunser- opium. peuiusularis]: stems short: peduncles an inch Haif-hardy shrub, 6-15 It. high, branching ous, stout and scape-like: petals long, and flexuous, woody at base: leaves glaucous, yellow or cream color : torus short, obconical, thickish, petioled, 3-5 in. long, the lower ojies the outer margin a subrcartllaginous ring, nerves: plnnatilid, upper ones pinnately toothed; the inner erect, scarious, with stout butrath- petioles and margins often sparingly filiate seed globular, apiculate, with coarse var. with rigid spinose bristles; the magnificent er faint reticulations.— E. Californica, E. wax-like fls. 6-9 in. acrofs; petals broadly parvula. Gray. Pi. Wright, 2.10. Doug- Hemsl. Biol. Cent, obovate : fllamenis y^ in. long, bright yellow lasii, Torr. Mex. Bound, 31; 1-2 from tne of purple at base : capsule oblong, in. longl Am. This plant ranges region obscurely many angled, hispid with appress the upper Gila, in New Mexico, far south- ed bristles and crowned with the persisteui -ward into Texas and adjacent Mexico, and is Ge Ca ac stigmiis: seeds black, a line or less long. Ma- apparently a very good species."— of Dr. T. tilija popi y, named in honor Rom-, b 1:69 (7 Mr 1885). ney Robinson, a noted astronomer, he 55 A rank-growing Eschscholtzla. growing in Genus PliATYSTIGMA Bentliam. the San Rafael valley, Lower California, with was PLATYSTIGMA CALIFORNICUM B.-H. large reddish-orange colored flowers, PLATYSTIGMA I)ENTI('U(-aTUM Greene. doubtfully referred to this by Prof. Greene. Greene Bull. Tur ey ' lub. xiii. 218. E. LEMMONI Greene. Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci.i.389. My. 28, 1887 "Annual, 6-12^ high, with numerous Santa Ciu '. Isl nd. he55 PLATYSTIGMA LINEARE Benth. ascending branches, leafy below, hoary even to the Genus MECONOPSIS Vlguler. pubescent throughout, cap- with short spreading white haiis; M. HETEROPhYLLA Benth. sules, MBCONELLA DENTICULATA Greene. leaves with elongated petioles; pedun- So California Art & Nature 8 BAMOSA Greene. cles stoutish, quadrangular, the earliest ESCHSCHOLTZIA • /- . 'i X //I Geut, Torrlun cl».. bu 13:1, . 217.^j,. Cav.n acav. b2: 3h9. Santa Cruz scapiform; torus urceolate, 3-4^' long, • * Islaiicls. , , \ J . 1 Guadalupe nearly glabrous, constricted just below FTJMARIACEAE. the Harrow, erect hyaline border; calyp- Tender with and bland tra ovate, long acuminate, very conspic- herbs, watery dissected !eives. & uously hairy; petals orange-color, nearly juice, compound per- feet fls with the or quite an inch long. "-Greene. West irregular hypogynour, in twos, the diadelphous Am Sci. iii. 157, Ag 1887. Mountains of parts except which are and San Luis Obispo county. stamens, 6; ovary capsule ESCHSCHOLTZIA MODESTA Greene. i-celled with 2 parietal placenta': seeds, 'Annual, very j^lcndei anrl diffusely branch- etc. asjn Papaveracea-- ing, afoot high, glabrous and moderately {rbiu- Genus DICENTRA BorUh. with few A narrow eons: leaves email, si'icmcnts: ^ ., n ... 1 u . u „„,i ^,. ., Corolla flattened, heart-shaped or 2- pedicels axillary, nn inch longer more, terete * at base. very slender, nodding In the bud; bud -2 lines spurred the H. A. j.mg, the permanent portion (torus, with no DTCENTRA CHRYSANTHA & rim, nearly as long as the broadly ovate calyp- Oielytr«> chryisantha H. & A. Hot Beech ^20. tra: corolla lotnte-i^pre. tling, H incli b oad; Bikukulla chrysantha Cv 4:60. petals obovate, not meeting, the rounded apex Pale A glaucous, 2-5 leet high: leaves erose- or sinuaio-tooihf'd, or, in lati- flowi rs, twice pinnate, the larger a loot long or deeply 3 lobed, pale y; stamens 8. in 2 rows on the divisions cleft into a few nar- opposite siflesof the pistil, or, in late P.s, 4oMly. more; RHthersV4 Ime long, on .'^lender filanieuts aline row lobes: racemose panicle terminal, i in '(12 inches tho> valves lin^ length p Jong, narrow, -2 ft long: sepals caducous: corolla thin: seeds globular, minute, retidnla'e; cotyl- gj^r-oblong or clavate, bright rich lemon edons very narrowly oblanceolate, entire. Col- over '"^h long, base slightly cor- lectedbyS. B Parish in l Je 1887 (No. 1951)—Ge y, % 6 ia or narrower- Piltoni:\ 1:169 ( 888;. date: capsule oblong-ovate ESCHSCHOLTZIA PARISHII Greene. Lake county-j "Annual, slender, less than 1° high, DICENTRA OCHROLEUCA Engelm glabrous and glaucous: stems simple or L fl white. sparingly branched: peduncles terete, CEUCIFEBAE. very slender: torus turbinate, no spread- ing rim, -the 2 margins similar and ap- GennH ALYSSIM Tonrnefort. proximate: petals widely spreading, ALYSSUM MARITIMUM Lam. and • broad overlapping each other, ap- Lobulariamaritima Desv. sweet alyssum-'

: — parently light y. fr. not seen." Greene, often cultivated for its fragrant fls, a native Bull. Cal. Acad. Sol., i. 183 (Aug. 29, 1885). of the Mediterranean region In Europe, now ESCHSCHOLTZIA PBNINSULARIS Gn. widely naturalized in California. "Annual, smooth and glaucous, slender, Genns DRABA Linnaeus. much more branched that E, Cali- erect, DRABA CORRUGATA Wat. with corollas of 1-3 the size and fornica, DRABA DOUGLASSII O. more broadly campanulate: rim of torus DRABA UNILATERALIS Jones. broader in proportion, the Inner margin DRABA CUNEIFOLLA Nutt. a very short, nerveless, hyaline ring; seed V. INTEiRIFOLIA Wat. slightly elongated and distinctly aplculate Genns CARDAMINE Linnaeus. at each end, reticulations less regularly CARDAMINE INTEGRIFOLIA favose."—Greene, Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci., i. Gray.

68-9 (Mar. 7, 1885); 1. c. 183. LESQUERELLA PALMERI S. Watson. "Pubescence ESCHSCHOLTZIA CALIFORNICA Chm. dense, stellate-lepidote; caudex simple, apparently biennial, the The "§ form; the s plant is peninsula- simple stems 1° high or more: b.asal leaves ris. narrowly oblanceolate. repand, the cau- ESCHSCHOLTZIA MINUTIFLORA S. W ,ine narrower and mostly entire: petal, Distinguished by its small fls: e. spatulate, 3" long: pods pubescent, 82 California Art & Nature 83 - L. ion^ ^^P-adrnr:fiL:=if-''^f-ct LAT.PES Hook as lon^ as the ^^^^^UM ^tyle Voa;clZh''T7T ^ Greene Anzona ^- ^^'^^'^ UM (Pamper, 1872); Low^UTifor. Nuttall Am. Watson, Acad^-"•. xxnj.^^'"-xxif-T-25o^5o ., -^-^-m kaji^a (May 29, 1888).I888). Wl«UZEiVl e. Geiins CHEIRAIVTHTJS n ARABl.v, A lie U ATA G LONGIPE.s Wat. ARABisy. Ge„„s BEcivvvrrnn wnf BARJJAREA R. Rrown AriAars FILIFOLIA Go V. ARCUATA Fries. AKABLS Meyer. V. PARISHir W^U GLABRIOR Rob. ARABLS BISCLJTELLA PfiRENA-ANs CALIFQRNICA B. Wat is Dull & fl ARABJS rffia wislizeni PERFOIJATA I E ARAHIS Genus PLATVHPERMA 7- CAPSEI.I.A Moench. ARABI8 HEPANi)\ Wit CAP,>,ELLA ELLIPTICA Genus 0. A. Meyer BRASSICA Linnaeus. BKAS8I0A ALBA Bolss. BRASSIUA CAMPESTIS L ' . BRAS>ICA NIGRA Koch. lien.s SISYMBRIUM Linnaeus.

Sl^lMBaiUM REFLEXU.Vl Nutt SISYMBRIUM Ore ACUTANGULUM D r ^»'^ > T. UUBIUM Dav. SISYMBRIUM DIFFUSUM r SISYMBRIUM OFFirfLE-Scap.a:r^^ Genus ERYSIMUM Linnaeus. 1.T.prEGKIFOLlUMEndJ ERYSIMUM I^A«I0CARPUM Greene. ASPERUM DC da20rrt V. lualieiium Robinson T. SrENOPETALriM VL'ct INSULA RE Ge. ^''^°"- SIANLEYASv.^T ; !^^ T.WlUGHTIlGraj^ PINxVATIFIDA Nutt da 2 -^.pmnataBrittonN YactrsJk «enu.. cv4:64 NASTLRTIU3I R. Rrown Genas STREPTANTHUS IVuttall ' ^.CURvisiLIQUAA'uttall. STREPTANTHUS V. laevis Watson CAMPESTRIs Wo. V iyratum Wat«on "V. tiJipes G. N. OFFICINALE R. Br ' N. OBTUSUM xVuttall V.sphaerocarpiim Watson Geuns LEPIDIUM Linuaen^ L. BIPINA-ATIFIDUM Desv ^°^^«'- J- T. CDRVIPFS DicHlYuTUxM Gray Hook. or? V. V. elegans acutidens Gray. Robinson. L V. pulclielkis FLAVLUr Torrcy Greene J'. FREMONTII Watson I^. LASIOcAKPUM LACINIATUS Nuttall V CRENATUS Br Nutt. V. teuuipGs Watsou L. INTERMEDIUM CAPPARIDACEAE Gray Genus CLEOME Linnaeus. 84 California Art & Na*«re 85 CLEOME INTEGRIFOLIA Nutt. bushes contain tannin and may be Genus CLKO-MKLLiA De Candolle. found useful medicinal plants (fide and are not rare the bord- CL.BOMEL.LA BREVIPES S. Watson. Havard), on CLEOMELLA OBTUSIFOLIA T-G. ers of the Colorado desert in Southern CLEOMELLA OOCARPA A. Gray. and Baja California, eastward to Tex- CDEOMELLrA PARVIFLORA A. Gray. as, and into Mexico. Gennsi ISOME^RIS Xnttall. FRANKENIACEAE. ISOMERIS ARBOREA Nuttall. Genus FRAMCEXIA Linnaeus. Variety GLOBOSA Coville. FRANKENIA GRANDIFOLIA C. & S. Genus WISLIZEXIA Engrelniann. V. campe-itris G. FRANKENIA PALMERI S. Wntson. W. RE^ RACTA Kngelmann. W. PALMERIGray CARYOPHYI.LACEAE. RESADACEAE. Genus SILE\A Linnaeus. Genus SILFNA GALLICA I inn. OLIGOMERIS Cnmbess. PTT FNA CON-ICA Li^n. OLIGOMERIS SUBULATA Boiss. SILENA ANTIRRHINA Linn. SILFNA CALIFORNICA Dur. CISTACEAE. SILENA LACINIATA Cav. SILENA MULTINERVIA S. Watson. Genus HELIANTHKMLM Tournefort. "Annual, erect, sparingly branched, glandular-pubescent, about 1° hieh: leaves H. ALDERSOM Greene linear to linear-oblong, acute, the lower- H. GREEN EI Rob. most narrowly oblanceolate, 1-2' long: inflorescence "H occidentale. dichotomously cymose: Siiffrutescent, a ft or bracts linear: calyx narrowly ovate. 20-K more high, stout and much branched; nerved, 5-6" long, the acuminate teeth .stc'late-hirsute throughout except the usually p. -tipped; petals purplish, scarce- ly equalling the calyx, without .ipnend- corymbo.se inflorescence, which is more asres or auricles, emorginnte: filaments densely hirsute, with simple, glandular- glabrous, included: cansule nearly sessile, yi3 HORSFORDIA PALMERI S. Watson. ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. Genus ABITIL.OX Tournefort. Genus TRIBILLS Linnaeus. TRIBULUS GRANDIFLORUS B. & H. ABUTI.LON ATTRANTIACUM S. Wats. TRIBULUS MAXIMUS Linn. "Woody at base, the herbaceous stems Genus FAGOXIA Linnaeus. and somewhat vil- FAGONIA CAfclFORNICA Benth. 1/^-2° high, pubescent Genus LARREA Cav. lous: leaves densely soft-tomentose, vel- LARREA MEXICANA Moric. vety and whitish, round-cordate, acute, GERANIACEAE. the rounded basal lobes overlapping, un- Genus GERAXirM Linnaeus. GERANIUM CAESPITOSUM James. equally serrate, ^-IVz' broad, shorter GERANIUM CAROLINIANUM Linn. than the fl. and petioles: axillary solitary, Genus EROI)lL>3 L'Herit. which are on villous-pub^ecent pedicels, L'Herit. as as the and ERODIUM CICUTARIUM long petioles mostly jointed ERODIUM MACROPHYLLUM H. & A. near the base or the lower above the mid- ERODIUM MOSCHATUM L'Herit. dle: calyx-lobes broadly ovate, acute; ERODIUM TEXANUM A. Gray. Limnanihes douglasii It iJr ua 4 corolla bright orange, 6-9" long: calyx Genus OXALIS Linnaeus. and fr. villous-pubescent; carpels 10, OXALIS CORNICULATA Linn. 4" abruptly short-beaked, 3-seeded, Fls lemon y, veined with crimson, near the long, about equalling the calyx. On Todos center & on back of petals 4 calyx deeply tiu-

Santos Bay, Lower California, by C. C. ged with carmine. s j Parry, January, 1883, and at Tia Juana, by OXALIS OREGANA Nutt. C. R. Orcutt, in May of the same year."— OXALIS WRIGHTII A. Gray. S. Watson, Proc. Am. Acad., xx. 357 RTTTACEAE. Genus PTELEA Linnaeus. (Feb. 21, 1885). PTELEA APTERA Parry. ABUTILON CRISPUM Sweet. Genus THAMXOSMA Torrey. ABUTILON LEM^IONI S. Watson. THAMNOSMA MONTANUM Torr. Geoius CXEORIDIIM £. "Perennial, the stout half-woody Hool&er, branching stems 1-2° high, hoary through- CNEORIDIUM DUMOSUM Hook. f. out with a very dense short stellate CELASTRACEAE. Genus ELNOiX VMLS Tournefort. pubescence. Its stellate character scarce- ly perceptible on the calyx: leaves cor- EUONYMUS PARISHIl Trelease. date to cordate-lanceolate, acute or rhamnaceae. Genus ZIZYI'HIS Juss. slightly acuminate, dentate, the blade ZIZYPHUS PARRYI Torr. usually 1' or less (sometimes 2') long, about equalling or shorter than the slen- Parry's lotus or jujube is found in ravines near San der petioles, slightly greener above: pe- gravelly Felipe and Rock Springs, in San duncles axillary, solitary, shorter than Diego county, south into Lower California, and east the leaves, joined near the top: calyx of San Bernardino. The fruit is %-% with broadly ovate acute lobes; corolla inch long, of a dull brownish cadmium y. or orange, small (3-4'' lonjg): carpels yellow color, mealy and dry. It is about 9, acute, 4-5" long, finely pubescent, an unsymmetrical thorny shrub, 4-15 3-seeded, equalling or a little exceeding feet high. Said to make excellent jelly like its near the classic lotus the enlarged calyx."—S. Watson, Proc. relatives, and jujubes, so well known as the Am. Acad., xx. 357-8 (Feb. 21, 1S85). source of jellies and confections of STEBCITLIACEAE. various kinds. Genus RHAMNUS Linnaeus. Genns FREMOXTIA Torrey. RHAMNUS CALIFORNICA Esch. FREMONTIA CALIFORNICA Torrey. CROCEA Nutt. Fremontodendron californlcum Cv 4:74. RHAMNUS Rhamnus tomentella Bth. — This AYENIA PUSILLJL Linn. shrub or small tree, evidently restricted lilNACEAE. in its distribution to the mountains of Genus LIXl'M Linnaens. San Bernardino (Parish) and San LINUM PERENE Linn. Diego counties and of northern Baja 90 California Art & Nature.

California, is popularly known as the CEANOTHUS VERRUCOSUS Nutt. wild coffee bush, or Yerba loso. Dr. CEANOTHUS HIRSUTUS Nutt. Rusby does not consider this to possess CEANOTHUS RIGIDUS Nutt. any useful properties—at least no CEANOTHUS SOREMATUS H. & A. virtues worthy of comparison with R. CEANOTHUS VESTITUS Ge. Purshiana. Its large black berries are "Near C. cuneatus, & like it in size & habit: sweet to the taste, but poisonous or at leaves & branchleis ashy-tomeniulose, the for- mer 4-6 lines least as children some- opposite, coriaceous, substshile, unwholesome, long, round-obovate, obtuse or retuse, some- times find to their cost. The seeds are what concave above, sharply spinulcse-den- somowhat of the size and shape of tate all around: fls white: capsule apparently the short salient appendages Inserted coffee berries— the common small, whence at about the middle."- Ge pitt 2 101 da 4 name—and when separated from the C oliganthus Nutt da 4 pulp and roasted are said to form a fair I should SAPINDACEAE. substitute for coffee, though Genus AESCLL.US Linnaeus. prefer not to experiment with it my- self. AESCULUS PARRYI A. Gray. The bark of this species is popularly Genus ACER Touriiefort. considered efficacious in severe cases ACER CIRCINNATUM Pursh. of dysentery, and the leaves to possesp ACER GLABRUM Torr. ACER MACROPHYLLUM Pursh. cathartic properties—though both are conceded to be dangerous remedies. VITACEAE. The receipt given me for dysentery is Genus VITIS Tournefort. to take one pound of the bark of the VITIS CALIFORNICA Benth. The wild root, boil in a quart of water until re- grapevine ol California. duced to a pint. ANACARDIj!iCEAE. RHUS Linnaeus. CONDALIA SPATHULATA A. Gray. Genus Melsner. RHUS AROMATICA Alt. Genus ADOLPHIA RHUS DIVERSILOBA T. & G. Nutt. ADOLPHIA CALIFORNICA S. Watson. RHUS I.,AURINA INTEGRIFOLIA Nuttall. A stout Genus CEANOTHUS Linnaeus. RHUS the shrub, at times attaining to evergreen five Nutt. of a tree, and a diameter exceeding CEANOTHUS CUNBATUS rank in Nutt. feet The rose colored flowers produced CEAKOTIIUS DIVARICATUS fol- close panicles one to three inches long, Nutt. "Deer- coated CEANOTHUS DIVARICATUS lowed deep brilliant red berries, by that brush," a beautiful flowering shrub, with deli- with an icy-looking, wax-like substance tart than the pleasantly acid cats blue flowers. is even more berries make a cooling drink, H.& A. berries. These m CEANOTHUS INTEGERRIMUS equal to lemonade (almost indistinguishable ORCUTTII Parry.- CEANOTHUS Southern and Lower California this is with In and "Branches flexible, dull reddish, often called Mahogany, from the rich short, hispid pubescence; leaves petiolate, beautiful color of the wood. broadly orbicular to oblong-cordate, RHUS OVATA S. Watson. rounded obtuse, 30-40 mm. in ••A shrub, 5-10' high, glabrous excepting usually branches and the as irregularly glan- the finely pubescent length, often broad, bracts of the inflorescence: leaves coria- dular-serrate, sparing. y. hi.spid above, ceous £ind shining, ovate, acute or acumi- toothed, strongly triple-nerved beneath, with nate, entire or rarely sparingly on a stout, usually reddish hairy clliate veins; Inflores- 2-3' long, prominent 4-8" long: fl. in dense closely exceeding petiole cence axillary, oval scarcely panicled spikes Va' long or less, the the leaves, rather compact, with pubes- rounded bracts and sepcls purilish; petals fr. compressed-ovate, 2-3" cent rachis, and smooth pedicels; fl. ap- light y.: long, viscid-pubescent."—S. Watson, Proc. te or blue (seen only in parently wh light Am. Acad., xx. 358-9 (Feb. 21, 1885). fr. fallen fragments); glandular-hispid, The Sugar-bush is a handsome ever- resinous and with corrugated epicarp, green shrub, noted for its glossy foliage seeds brown."— conspicuous crests; light and graceful, oval form. The small Parry, Proc. Dav. Acad. Natl. Sci. v. dark red berries make a cooling drink, 194 (Aug. 31, 1889). pleasantly flavored resembling lemon- Nutt. CEANOTHUS SPINOSA ade, and when dry are covered with CEANOTHUS OLIGANTHUS Nutt. a thin, waxy, white substance, that is CEANOTHUS MEGACARPUS Nutt. very sweet, which the Indians are said CEANOTHUS CRASSIFOLIUS Nutt. to have formerly gathered for sugar.

msng'nsK^n'wsM I'ohime I. Niitider 6. May, igo2. Price 20 cents; $2 a year.

Califorr^ia: A.rt & Natiare

Art & Nature Company, publishers. No. 868 r^th st., San Diego, California.

FROM COL. CHI. ACAO SCIENCES. TOWNSEND'S WARBLSR. COPYRIGHT 15 378 A. W. MUMFOHO, (Dendroica townsend ) About Life-size. 92 Californir. Art & Nature 93

LEGUMINOSAE. ly SO throughout: leaflets 3 or less, ob- Geuns THERMOPSIS R.. Brown. long, obtuse, 1-2 mm. long: fl. single or CALIFORNICA S. Wat. THERMOPSIS more rarely in pairs, short pedunculate, HOFFMANSEGGIA MICROPHYLLA Tr. 2 mm of the HOFFMANSEGGIA STRICTA Benth. long: calyx equal length, teeth as Genus PICKERIXGIA Nutta.ll. narrowly subulate, erect, J-^-J^ PICKERINGIA MaNTANA Nutt. long as the tube: pod but sliglitly in- Genu.s CERCIS Linnneus. curved, usually twice the length ot the CERCIS OCCIDENTALIS Torrey. i-seeded: seed dark Genus HOSACKIA Douglafi. persistent calyx, olive-green, 2>^ ram. long, slightly This genus is included in Ihe old world ge- curved. I take ple;;sure in dedicating nus Lotus by Greene, Coville A others, along this delicate to Mr Marion D. with Syrmatium; we prefer to retain uU an- species in return for his and der Hosaelvia, though Syrmatium may well be Haydon, hospitality treated as a distinct genus. for his directing my attention to various i(l— Euhosackia . forage plants whose valuable qualities HOSACKIA OBLOXGIFOLIA Bth. HOSACKIA CRASSiFOLlA Bth. had previously been unsuspected. Col- HOSACKIA GRANDIi'OLIA Bth. lected in April, 1889, growing amotig the HCSACKIA RIGIDA B h. Var.e.y ARGYREA S. Watson. rocks in a canyon leading into the olo- Nutt. HOSACKIA MARITIMA on the old line from HOSACKIA STRIGOSA Nutt. rado desert, stage I.OTUS liUMlLlS Greene pit 2 140— San Diego to Ft. Yuma. With H. gla- "Hosaekia maritima '-e pit I 28S non Nutt. bra, Torrey, this plant is commonly Habit and texture of salsuginosus, bui ever.y as deer but its smaller way smaller, tlie brunches appareMIy pros- known wt-ed, leaflets 4 or 5. obovateobtu.se: trate: pedun- growth will render it less valuable for cles shorter than the leaves, l-3-flo\vered, na- 6'"" ked or bracted: corolla 2" long, reddish, the cultivation and it is apparently too limi- banner & wings notably shorter than the ,•.•.•..• ^ broad obtuse abruptly inflcxedkecl: i.odnear- ted m US distribution to assume import- terete, less than an inch long, (!-8 seeded: „ " ]y ^"^^„„p„ ^^„e ^ ^""^\]a forifre nlaut -Orcutt\.;reui[, seeds very small, almost spherical, smooth. '^"ge piaiu. — epitt2 140. San Bartolomc bay. j VVest American Scientist, vi, 63, Jl 1889. Cv4 8:^ nij SYKM.\TIUM DE.SDR 'IDE" M Greene. I.OTCS TOMKNTEI.T.rs Ge "Shrubby, erect. 4-7^ high, with roughish . •'Prostrate, much branched, canescentlj' to- , ^ v, o- ,i,i i.., „ . ,„., stem an inch or 2 in thickness, 4 n.any mentulose: l^afletsS or 7. cuneate-obovate or brown • oblong, obtuse: peduncles slender, shorter short ascending branches: branchlelsan;,'ular, tnan the letives, the loM-est bractlrss ct l-fl'ed. their tjrowing parts more or le»s minutely the later olten bracted A 2-fl'ed: corolla y. 3" _, .,, ., . .1, 1 v, the piant otherwise glabrous long twice the length of the calyx; pod nar- appressed-silky, compressed, an inch or more in length, 3, narrowly oblong, obtuse: umbels row, ' ^~ '"'^ " ^ ' joatlets 5-7-seeded; seeds from orbicular to oval, com numerous, on short peduncles, not bracfed: pressed, the surface covered with a minute * 3-4" long, the triangulai-subulate teeth' low tuberculation.''—Ge pitt 2 140 j, cv 4 84 mj calyx as long as the nearly cylindrical tube: corol- g2 Microlotus % la 4-6 ' pod long, slightly curved, :>- HOSACKIA PURSHIANA Bth. long: %' HOSACKIA BRACHYCARPA Bth. seeded: seeds terete A straight. ilill tops, Lotus humistratus Greene, Fi tonia 2:139. among other bushes, on the higher parts of HOSACKIA SUBPINNATA T-G. Santa Ciuz Island. Near S glabrum, but of g:^Syrmatium entirely different habit, with much larger fls

HOSACKIA GLABRA Torrey. A fruit, on shoi t, rigid, crowded braiichleis." Nutt. HOSACKIA PROSTATA — 2 146— referred to Hosaekia HOSACKIA MICRANTHA Nutt. Ge pitt glabra by HOSACKIA ARGOPHYLLA A. Gray. Br Ca ac pr II I 208, who says:—"Some of its HOSACKIA HEERMANNI D-H. forms are exactly tlie mainland plants." HOSACKIA DECUMBENS Bth. Genus SOPHOR.V Linnaeus. HOSACKIA HAYHOM Orciitt. SOPHORA ARIZONICA S. Watson. "SufTrutescent, 6-12^ high or more, Genus I.IPIXI S Linnaeus. the .slender stems woodv at base, at first . . ,, LUPINUS^ ^.^^.^^^„ AFFINIS^„^.,^„ Agardh. slightly spreading, then recurving in- lupinus albicaulis Dougl. ward and slightly intertwining, forming a lupinuS arizonicus S. Watson, loosrly-compact bush, glabrous or near- LUPINUS BREVICAULIS S. Watson. 94 California Art & Nature. 95 LUPINUS CHAMISSJONIS Es»h. iterraneau region, which has become natural- ized in LUPINUS DENSIFLORUS Benth. most warm countries, valuable forage, but LtrPINUS DOUGLASII Agardh. more prominent in our gardens as a weed of rapid da 5 s L.UPINUS GRACILIS Agardh. growth, j LUPINUS ALBIFRONS Bth. MEDI'CAGO LUPULINA Linn. LUPINUS Black NANUS Dougl. medick, nonesuch, black grass, hop L burkei d or Or clover, (f, biennial, widely grown for pas- L arboreus Sim da 5 ture. Or 60 d L formosus bridgcsii Ge da 5 MEDICAGO SATIVA Linn. L cystisoides Agrardh da 5, cv 4 82 Alfalfa is probably the best known & most L umbellatusGe da 5 extensively grown forage plant in America, & LUPINUS HIRSUTISSIMUS Benth. is known by many names such as lucern, pur- LUPINUS LITTORALIS Dougl. ple medick, Spanish trefoil, Brazilian clover. LUPINUS MICRANTHUS Dougl. Genus PSORALEA Linnaeus. LUPINUS OROUTTII S. Watson. "Diffusely much branched from the PSORALEA CALIFORNICA S. Watson. PSORALEA D. C. base, low (2-4' high), pubescent MACROSTACHYA PSORALEA ORBICULARIS Lindl. throughout with short stifflsh spreading Genus GLYCYRRHIZA Linnaeus. hairs: leaflets 5, oblong-spatulate, 3-6" GLYCYRRHIZA LEPIDOTA Pursh. shorter than the racemes Genus UALEA Linnaeus. lohg, petioles; DALEA numerous, sessile in the axils, 1-2' CALIFORNICA S. Watson. DALEA EMORYI A. Gray. long, the scattered p. or reddish fl. 3" DALEA MOLLIS Benth. long: pod oblong, 4" long, 2-3-seeded: DALEA OROUTTII S. Watson. "Perennial, with numerous short slender seeds 1" in diameter."—S. Watson, herbaceous subprocumbent or ascending Proc. Am. Acad XX. 369 (Feb. 21, 1885). stems (3-4' long) from a woody LUPINUS SPARSIFLORUS Benth. branching rootstock, appressed silky-pu- berulent: leaves 4-6" long, the folded LUPINUS TRUNCATUS Nutt. oblong-obovate leaflets (4-6 pairs) V2" long, glabrous above: peduncles about Genus TRIFOLIUM Linnaeus. equalling the leaves; spikes short (W long), somewhat crowded, the fl. reflexed TRIFOLIUM CILIATUM Nutt. or spreading: calyx short-villous, turbi- EXILE Greene. nate, the lanceolate acuminate teeth .TRIFOLIUM equalling or exceeding the tube; the p. ^RIFOLIUM FUCATUM Lindl. orbicular banner and the wings scarcely TRIFOLIUM GRACILENTUM T. & G. exserted, the broad twice-longer keel p. on the inner margin."—S. Watson, Proc. TRIFOLIUM INVOLUCRATUM Willd. Am. Acad., xx. 359 (Feb. 21, 1885). TRIFOLIUM MACRAEI H. & A. DALEA PARRYI Torr. & Gray. y albopureum H-A da i DALEA SCHOTTII Torr. DALEA SPINOdA A. Gray. T ciliolatum Bth da 4 T bifldum Ge da 4 Genus ASTRAGALUS Tournefort. T repens Ij da 4 ASTRAGALUS LIMITUS Sheldon. T roscidium Ge da 4 A LIMITUS Sheldon Minn bot btudies b9 126 but not T stenophyllum Nutt da 4 "T^, robust, bushy woody, miautely pubescent with sparse, ascending hairs; stems T depauperatum Desv da 4 3-6 dm high, erect, thick, striate: leaves 10-12 T cyatlilferum ijindl da 5 cm in length, numerous, rachis channelled; TRIFOLIUM MONANTHUM A. Gray. leaflets l-3>^ cm in length, in 5-9 pairs, orbicu- TRIFOLIUM MICROCEPHALUM Pursh lar, obovate or oblong, rarely obcordate, ob. TRIFOLIUM RUSBYI Greene. tuse or foli- TRIFOLIUM TRIDBNTATUM Lindl. retuse; stipules triangular-ovate, ex- Genus MELILOTUS Tournefort. aceous, reflexed; peduncles thick, striate, in the MELILOTUS ALBA Lam. ceeding length leaves, loosely subspi- fls in or ikIELILOTUS PARVIFLORA Desf. cate; 0-15 mm length, spreading re- Genus AMORPHA L-lnnaeus. flexed; calyx cylindrical, apfressed pubescent with nigrescent hairs, the teeih unequal, AMORPHA CALIFORNICA Nutt. much shorter than the tube; corolla magenta Genus MKDICAGO Linnaeus. colored when fresh, becoming violet when kEDICAGO DENTICULATA Wllld. dried; legume 2-2)^ cm in length, chartaceous, Bur clover or toothed medick, @ of the Med- horizontal or ascending, ovate, with a long, §6 California Art & Nature 97 Incurved tip, finely short-pubescent, minute- free for nearly 3-4 tlieir length; keel & banner ly reticulate-voined, unilocular, man> seeded. barely^emarginate: pods an incli long resem- bling A. but not mature 4 exact Kear Indian wells & Carriso creek e Or." Hursliii, shape therelore not determinable." Or j e mj ASTRAGALUS ALBATUS SheMon. A purshii ? coccineus Py \V 7 10 "@ or perhaps biennial, whitened ihrough A grandifloius Wat Am ac pr 18 370 non Pajl* out with a fine, dense pubescence; stems 9 20 ASTRAGALUS PYCNOSTACHYU3 G. em high, erect, simple, thick, l-4frou) theyish A circumdntus ASTRAGALUS GAMBELL^ANUS Shel. root, finely striate; leaves 4-6 cm in length, A didy da .5 &c non V-A the rachis striate; leaflets 8-15 mm in length, mocarpus in 4 or 5 ASTRAGALUS NUTTALLIANUS D C. pairs, oblong, obtus* ; stipules trian- Genus OLXEYA A. Gray. gular acuminate, free, erect; peduncles 3-5 cm in length, terete, loosely 4-6fl'ed: fls 5 6 mm OLNEYA TESOTA A. Gray. in length, erect-spreading, becoming dcflexed Iron wood, palo Inerro, una ue gato; a beau calyx broadly campanulat«, the abruptly tiful tree, characteristic of the desert regions pointed triangular teeth X-K the length of the wood Is of great density, rich, dark color the tube; corolla whitish or ochroleucous; leg. takiug an extremely line polish, when dry an ume 11-1'2 mm in length, membranacv us-infla- ax? makes slight impression. j e z ted. ovate-oblong, acuminate pointed, the VICIA Tournefort. ventral future straight, the dorsal curved Genus VICIA EXIGUA Nutt. softly wbite-pubescent, unilocular, with nci'' ''" ^' ther suture intrnflexed, 2-6 seeded. Or e.' VlCiAl^^^^t LINEARIS^il^Ji'S,'^''AGe. ASTRAGALUS ORCUTTIANUS S. Wats. VICIA SATIVA L. "Stems numerous, slender, decumbent, VICIA rHGitilKcCI Watson An a^ pr 25 12) 1° long, spar ngly strigose-pubescent: the etc., leaflets 8-10 pairs, rounded, 1-3" broad: "@, about P high, yonng leaves, peduncles shorter than the leaves, 2-3' pubescent, becoming glabrous: leaflets 4-12 long in fr. ; raceme few-fl.: loose, calyx narrowly linear, acuie,:^-" lines long; stipules campanulate, 2" long, the teeth mostly small, sub ulaie-lanceolate or lintar, not at a equalling the tube: pod linear-falcate, as- loi cending, coriaceous, attenuate to a stipe sagittatt', entire: ptdunclcs short (1-6" g shorter than the calyx, with a dorsal be iring I or rarely 2 small w or purplish fl groove and acute ventral suture, 2-celled " calyx nearly glabrous, the teeth rather sh.ir by the intrusion of the dorsal suture, 9" ob- long. Allied to A. Arizonicus, rather pe acuminate: pods glabrous, sessile, oblong, culiar in habit, the small round leaflets liquely acute at each tnd, about 9" long by 2>-^ upon an elongated rhachis exceeding the -3 broad, 5-7 ovuled. From soul hern i tah * raceme. In Cantillas Canon ("Tantillas" to z & n"— Watson. of Palmer), Lower CaUfornia, by C. R. Colo Orcutt, 1883."— August, S. Watso.i, Proc. VICIA HASSEI S. Watson. Am. Acad., xx. 361 (Feb. 21, 1SS5). "Often tall: leaflets 3-6 pairs, linear to ASTRAGALUS COULTERI Benth. narrowly oblcng, acute or obtuse and apic- ASTRAGALUS CROTALARIAE A. Gray. ulate, or more frequently truncate and ASTRAGALUS DISPERMUS A. Gray. tmarginate or toothed at the apex; stipu- ASTRAGALUS LEUCOPSIS T. & G. ASTRAGALUS CIRCU.V DATUS Ge les semi-sagittate with the rather broad ASTRAGALUS GAMBELLIANUS Shsl- lower lobe usually 2-4-toothed: peduncles don. 6-15" long, 1-fl. or sometimes remotely ASTRAGALUS ANTISELLI A. Gray. 2-fi.: pod more attenuate at each end and ASTRAGALUS TENER A. Gray. short-stipitate, 5-9-ovuled. 9-16" long. hills about Los ASTRAGALUS OOOARPUS A. On open giassy Angeles. Gray. Ciilifornia, growing with V. exigua; Dr. ASTRAGALUS PARISHII A. Gray. H. E. Hasse.Also collected at Santa Cruz ASTRAGALUS SONORAE A. Gray. by Dr. C. L. Afiderson, at Benicia by Dr. ASTRAGALUS STENOPHYLLUS T.-G. Bigelow (V. exigua var (?) Californica ASTRAGALUS TRICARINATUS A. Gry. Torr. in Pac. Railroad Rep. 4.76), and on ASTRAGALUS VASEYI S. Watson. — ASTRAGLUS COCCIN?:US Guadelupe Island by Dr. Palmer." S. Parry. Watson. Proc. Am. Acad., xxv. 129-110 ^ "f caespitos densely white-hirsut? petioles (Sept. 25, 1890). as as the nearly long leaves; leaflets, I2-15oval Genus ACACIA Wllld. to obovate, obtuse, 6-10 mm long; stipules tri- angular-lanceolat : peduncl.-s consi lerably ACACIA GREGGII A. Gray, surpassing the leaves; fls numerous shortly ACACIA FARNESIANA WiF.d. pedicellate, clustered near the top; calyx cyl- Acacia Farnesiana Wllld.—Dr. Har- the linear indncalslender, nearly equal tetth ^^^^varri cias&esrla«!cp

CASSIA COVESII A. Gray. kernel '.'aH'moet equal in llavar' tothe almond." Genus L.ATHYRUS Lilnnaen*. ^ desirable orriamental shrub and useful as ' LA.THYRUS WATSONI Wbite. 'a hedge plant. "Lathyrus californlcus. Stem stout, tall & The holly-leaf cherry is a beautiful more or less winged: stipules semi-sagittate, dark evergreen shrub, yielding a dilated 4 often coarsely toothed, or the upper pleasant edible fruit. Useful for hedges narrower; leaflets S-Y pairs, ovate oblong to or ornamental planting. Inear-lanceolate, y^-2' long or more, acute or PRUNUS FASCICULATA A. Gray, acuminate, softly pubescent on both sides, as PRUNUS FREMONTI S. Watson. also the rachis: peduncles stout, nearly equal- Suborder Pome^ ing the leaves, many fl'ed: calyx teeth short Genus AMEL.ANCHIER Medlcus. the lower 2" long or less); petals 7-9" long, ap- AMEI.ANCHIER ALNIFOLIA Nutt. parently y'ish or pinkish: pod linear, 2' long by 3" broad, attenuate at base to a stipe."- Wat Shrub 3-8 feet high, glabrous through- Am ac pr 20 363, he 73, Or 78 d out or often more or less woolly-pubes- li veuosus Muhl of former lists. cent; leaves broadly ovate or rounded, SPLENDBNS Kellogg. • iLATHYRUS n u. 4^ Uf.,... ^> "Pride of California," distinguished for occasionally oblong-ovate, obtuse at its of brilliant rose red to profusion large ^ ^j^ ^ acute, often somewhar cor- crimson flowers borne in clusters of 10 or more the second year from seed. The date at base, serrate usually only toward most of the native climbing • magnificent •..,/ 1/ u 1 racemes^^^^^^t. plants of West America. Described as the sunimit}^-ii^ incHes long: in New Jersey. It stands half-hardy ghort: ^ tomentose within^ snows the mountams of calyx-' usually frost and m . 1,1 Southern and Lower California, up to petals 3--1 2 hnes long, narrowly oblong: feet altitude, where it festoons the 4,000 ^^f^ -^^^i., x/ 1/ meninrh min ammeter.Hianipter shrubbery with its wealth of color. mostly ;^->^ Genus PARKIIVSOIVIA Liinnaeus. Cv 4 97, British Columbia-j PAHKINSONIA TORREYANA S. Wat Genus HETEROMEI^ES J. Roemer. PARKINSONIA ACrLBATA Linn. Parkinsonia Aculeata L.—Valued by HETEROMELES ARBUTIFOLIA Roem the Mexican Indians as a febrifuge and The California toyon, or toUon, is a suboriflc, and also as a remedy in epi- handsome evergreen shrub found as lepsy (fide Schott). See Proc. U. S. throughout the state, better known Nat. Mus. VIII. 501. the Christmas berry, or California hol- Genus PROSOPIS Linnaeus. ly. The scarlet berries are borne in the PROSOPIS JULIFLORA D. C. greatest profusion, and, ripening at The mesquite is the most abundant Christmas tim.e, are extensively used in desert tree, rarely over 20 feet high, decorating. The berries are said to often forming extensive groves miles have formed an important article of in extent. The mesa back of San food with the Indians, and school chil- Diego, near the normal school, is its dren frequently eat them; but, so far western limit, where it is only a small as known, they are not otherwise util- shrub, but it extends east to Texas ized. They are not unpleasant to the and south to the Argentine republic. palate, having a healthy, bitterish by- PROSOPIS PUBESCBNS Benth, taste. The toyon is more useful as a The screw-bean is a characteristic liedge plant, doubtless, than for its desert tree, slender, 15-20 feet high; fruit. It ranks high as an ornamental not rare from Riverside county south- evergreen, the dark foliage forming a ward into Lower California, abund- beautiful setting for the panicles of ant in Palm valley, not far from San white Howers. It appears in many Diego. horticultural catalogues under the ROSACEAE. name of Photinia arbutifolia. Suborder Amvgdale.?j: Suborder Rosace.tE Genus PRUNUS Toui-nefort. Genus RUBUS Linnaeus. PHUNUS DEMISSA Walp. PRUNUS ILICIPOLIA Walp. RUBUS NUTKANUS. Mocino. Salmon- PRUNUS ILICIFOLIA Walp. "Islay;" ever- berry, the West American Mayberry; a sin- green, or holly-'leaved cherry; attractive for gularly beautiful fruit, varying in color from the beauty »f its shining darlt green fotliage: a clear golden yellow to an orange red; de- fruit dull red, of a delicate flavor, with a licious when served with sugar and cream. California Art & Nature loi RIBES RUBUS URSINUS C. & S. SANGUINEUM Pursh. RIBES SPECIOSUM Pursh. R vitifolius L-S Linnfea 2 10, cv 4 92 RIBES VIBURNIFOLIUM A. Gray. RIBES VISCOSISSIMUM Pursh. Genus AL,CHEMIL,L,A Tonrnefort. ALCHEMILLA ARVENSIS CRASSTJLACEAE. Scop. Genns T1L,L.AI<]A LE\OSTOMA Hook & Am. axillary, solitary, short pedicels; sepals 4, half the white ADENOSTOMA FASCICULATUM H.-G. ovate, not length of the oblong ADENTOSTOMA SPARSIFOLIUM Torr. petals; carpels b.oad, obtuse, 8-seeded; style horizontal Genus ROSA Tonrnefort. none, stignia miimte; seeds nearly linear-oblong, minutely tuberculate in longi« ROSA CALIFORNICA C. & S. ROSA MINUTIFOLIA Engelm. tudinal rows. Stems 1-2' high.' TILLAEA MINIMA Miers. Genns IVESIA Torrey & Gray. Linnaeus. IVESIA BAILEYI S. Watson. Genns SEDUM Genns FRAGARIA Tonrnefort. SEDUM SPATHULIPOLIUM Hook. S. Watson. FRAGARIA CALIFORNICA C. & S. SEDUM VARIEGATUM ROCHEA FALCATA DC. See Orassula fal- Genns CERCOCARPtS H. P. K. CERCOCARPUS PARVIFOLIUS Nutt. *C(.>TYLEDON ATTENUATA S. Watson. '^OTYLEDON EDUi^IS Brewer. Genn.A S. W/itson. [puberula), CRAS3ULA FALCATA Wendl. A South Af- Blender, more and not at densely puberulent rican plant, grayisi in color, producing gor- all viscid: leailets smaller, cuneat«- to round geous panicles of brilliaait red flowers. obovate, crenate-toothed: calyx half as large LYTHRACE^ fllaments only lanceolate-dilated; anthers less AMMANIA COCCISEA R. tha,ny/' long a nearly as broad: petals appar A. LATIFOLIA L, ently pale y: pistils rather few: akenes hardly LYTflKUM ALBUM HBK. %"long, broadly ovate with a slightly incurv Li. alatum Pursh & v. linearilolium G. ed tip, not compressed. Laguna mountains L. callfornicum Watson. back ol San Diego, Jl 1885, D Cleveland: also LYTHRUM HYSSOPIFOMAL. collected in nj by Or 905."—Ge Pitt 1:102 (8 N ONAGRACE^ 1887). Epilobium angustifolium 1.. cv 4 102 SAXIFRAGACEAE. E callfornicum Hauss. da 6 Genus SAXIFRAGA Linnaeus. E holoserlceum Trel. da 6 cv4 102 SAXIFRAGA PARRYI Torr. E coloratum Muhl. SAXIFRAGA REFLEXA Hook. E adenocaulon v occdentale Trel. da 6 Genns TELLIMA R. Brown. Ludwigia palustris Ell. da 6 ZauBchneria californlca Presl. da 4 103. TELLIMA CYMBALARIA Walp. 8, cv Genns GODETIA Spach. Genus HEUCHERA Llnnaens. G da HEUCHERA RUBESCENS Torr. purpurea Wat, 6. G quadravulnera da 6 Genus RIBES Linnaeus. Spach. G bottje da 6 4 RISES Spach cv 106 MENZIESII Pursh. GODETIA TENELLA S. Watson. • Z02 California Art & Nature 103 GODETIA BPILOBIOIDES S. Watson. properties to Cucurbita palmata. The Genui^ BOISDUVALIA Spach. root attains immense size, and is cred- BOISDUVALIA DENSIFLORA S. Wat. ited with having- formed the basis of B. CLEISTOGAMA Cur. da 6 the once famous "Dr. Walker's Cele- JuBsiaearepens L. daG brated California Vinegar Bitters." diflfusum T-G da 6 Gayophytum MICRAMPELIS FABACEA Ge. Clarkia elegans Doug, da 6, cv 4 103 Megarrhlza californica Torrey. " " C rhomboidea Dougl. Echinochystis fabacea Naudin. OENOTHERA BIENNIS Linn, Mlcrampelis fabacea Ge da 6 MICRAMPEiLIS LEPTOCARPA Ge. vhlrsutissima Ge da 6 M OENOTHERA BISTORTA Nutt. LEPTOCARPA Ge pitt 2 282 (1892). V veitchlana Hook. da 6 "Habit of M fabacea, but more slender, with smaller & more OENOTHERA BREVIPES A. Gray. deeply lobed foliage: leaves rather & (E leptocarpa Ge da 6 very thin, sparsely delicately sca- brous: fls CE callfornica Wat da 6 w, apparently open-campanulate rather than CE virescens Hook, da 6 rotate; the staminate about 8-12 in a

small, when enjoying day on the PEUCEDANUM DASYCARPUM T. & G. beach. VEU<. KDANUM EURYFTERA A. Gray. MF:SEMBRIanthemum NODIPLORUM L P. villosum Nutt Or d . -r G4 z n MKSEMBRIanthemum CRYSTALLINUM P. mohavense c-r 62, Curran mj

Geiins SESUVIL'M Lilnnaens. P. caruifolium I'-G, c r 68, da ;' SESUVIUM PORTULACASTRUM Linn. P. utriculatum Nutt.' e-rG7, da7 V. Hassei c-r da 7 UMBELLIFEIIAE. P parishii c-r 68, bot gazette l.S 209; Parish b Tonrnefort. Oenns HVOROCOTYLE 1'. vaseyi c-r 67. bot gaz 13 144; Vasey b mts JIYDROCOTYLE PROLIFERA Kellogg. Slum erectum Huds da 7 rVDROCUTYLE RANUNCULOIDES L. I3erulaangustifolia Koch or 33; da 7 Genus BOW'JbESIA Rniz i& Pj.voh. Cicuta bolanderi Wat c-r 13i; da 7 tOWl.ESIA LOBATA R. & P. Pastinicasativtv i> c-r 49 da 7 Fcenieulum Genus ERVNGIUM Tonrnefort. vulgare GttTtn. da 6; c-r 108 Coriaudrum sativum li c-r 3 ; da Gtnn.H BEWEYA Torrey & Gray. 7 Seliniim capitellatumB-H c-r 43 DEWEYA ARGUTA Torr. & Gray. Genns APIL5I Linnaeus. more long: jiedicels about 4" long: calyx-teeth APIUM GRAVEOLENS Linn. promnent: fr (immature) oblopg, glabrous, about .i" 1 .ng, with prominent ribs: oil-t ibes Genus APIASTRUM Nnttall. 3 or 4 in the 4 or i on the commissu- intervals, APIAS i RUM ANGUSTIFOLIUM Nutt. ral side."—C-R 121 VEL^A VES ITA C-Il Genns CAUCALIS Linnaeus. CAUCALIS MICROCARPA H. & A. Genns CAKl'M Linnaeus. CARUM GATRDNERI Benth. & Hook. AN'.tELICA TOMENTOSA S. Watson. Genns OENAIVTHE Linnaenx. ARALIACEAE. CE.N'AKTIIE CALIFORNICA S. Watson ARAPIA CALIFORNICA S. Watson. HEDERA HELIX Linn. (E sarme!itosa Presl v calif rni a tide c-r 82. CORNACEAE. Genns DAUCUS Tonrnefort. Genns CORNIS Linnaeus. DAUCUP I USILLUS Michx. Daucus Pusillus Michx.—Mrs. R. F. GORNUS CAPITATA Wall. The Himalayan also known as B. Sec. Nat. C. strawberry-tree, Benthamia Bingham (S. Hist., fragifera, Lindl. states that this is "very much i:2-35) CORNUS NUTTALLII Audubon. A showy valued by the natives as a remedy for tree, or large shrub, the flowers followed by the bite of the rattlesnake." She cites large cluster of crimson berries. "Dogwood." CORNLTS CALIFORNICA C. A. Meyed. "one of our oldest physicians" as hav- C pubescens criifornica C R da 7 ing "seen a Californian chew the plant, moisten his arm with the saliva, and Genus GARRYA Dougrlns. then a rattlesnake to bite his permit GARRYA FLAVESCENS S. Watson. arm, without producing swelling or any (i. flavescens Wat v palmeri Wat. Or d j bad effect." She says the plant is usually applied in the form of a poul- CAPBIFOLIACEAE. tice. It is widely distributed from British Columbia to Mexico and east- Genus SAMBUCUS Tonrnefort. ward to the Atlantic, but I have not SAMBUCUS GLAUCA Nutt. personally known of its use above stat- The California elder is considered ed, the "Golondrina" (a species of Eu- superior to either the eastern or the phorbia) possessing the same desir- European species in the quality of its able reputation throughout the sec- fruit. Edward J. Wickson says: "It tion where I have collected. is common throughout the state; and 1>. carota i^ c-r3H daT frequently becomes a tree 20 feet or more in height with a trunk 18 inches Genns SANICtLA Tonrnefort. in diameter. The fruit is very abund- SAMCULA EIPINNATIFIDA Dougl. ant, and largely used."—California SANICULA LANCINIATA Hook. & Arp. Fruits, Ed. 65. SANICULA MENZIESII Hook. & Arp. 2, p. S tuberosa Torrey d a 7 c-r 107 Genus SYl»IPHORICARPUS DHL S nudicaulis II-A da 7 is S laciniata flde c-r Genus PEUCEVDANUM SYMPHORICARPUS MOLLIS Nutt. Linnaeus. SYMPHORICARPUS RACEMOSUS Mcx. -. 166 California Art & "Nature 107 Genns LONICBRA Llnnaena. Genns ASTER Linnaeus. HISPIDULA ASTER CHAMISSOiNIS A. Gray. LdNICERA Dougl. ASTER HESPBRIUS A. Gray. LONICERA 8UBSPICATA Hook & Am. ASTER ADSCENDENS Lindl. ASTER ANDERSONI A. Gray. The "moronel" of the Mexicans is used ASTER CANESCENS Pursh. by them in the form of a tea as a blood ASTER EXILIS Linn. A. the plant is also used for the ASTER x>^DULINUS Gray. purifier; ASTER ORCUTTII Vasey & Rose. healing of sores. ASTER PARVIFLORUS A. Gray. ASTER SPINOSUS Benth. BUBIACEAE. Genns BACCHARIS lilnnaeus. Genns KELLOGGIA Torrey. BACCHARIS d6uGLASII DC. BACCHARS PILULARIS DC. KELLOGGIA GALIOIDES Torr. BACCHARIS VIMINEA DC. BACCHARIS PLUMMERAE A. Gray. Genns GALIUM Llnnaens. BACCHARIS SERGILOIDES A. Gray. GALIUM ANDRBWSII A. Gray. BACCHARIS EMORYI A. Gray. GALIUM ANGUSTIFOLIUM Nutt. BACCHARIS GLUTINOSA Pers. GALIUM APARINE Linn. this is the species commonly Galium L.—"Cleavers are re- Probably Aparine known as Mock willow, is held in some as a most valuable cooling garded repute for the healing of sores. Fluchea diuretic, useful in most diseases of the boreal is Gray, also known by the same urinary organs" (Gunn). "Considered popular name, perhaps shares in the as a sovereign remedy in kidney dis- same virtues and is, I believe, the plant eases" A cold infus- (Mrs. Bingham). known to the Mexicans as "water- is as heat its medi- ion used, destroys motor"—credited with medicinal vir- cinal virtues. Goose as this grass, tues without number! plant is sometimes called, is abundant — BACCHARIS SAROTHROIDES A Gray> in Southern and Baja California in Genus PI/UCHEA Cass. fact throughout the west, but our plant PLUCHEA CAMPHORATA DC. differs from the eastern and European PLUCHEA BOREALIS A, Gray. form. Genus TESSARIA Rulas & Pavon. GALIUM CALIPORNICUM H-A. Genus MICROPUS Linnaeus. GALIUM SPURIUM Linn. MICROPUS CALIFORNICUS F. & M. GALIUM PUBENS A. Gray. Genus PSILOCARPHUS Nuttall. GALIUM ROTHROCKII A. Gray. PSILOCARPHUS OREGONUS Nutt. GALIUM STELLATUM Kellogg. PSILOCARPHUS TENELLUS Nutt. VALERIANACEAE. Nuttall. VALERIANELLA MACROCERA A. Gy. Genns STYLOCLINE COMPOSITAE. STYLOCLINE GNAPHALIOIDES Nutt. Genns BRICKEL,L,IA Ell. Genns EVAX Gaertn. BRICKELLIA ATRACTYLOIDES A. G. EVAX CAULESCENS A. Gray. BRICKELLIA CALIFORNICA A. Gray. Linnaeus. BRICKELLIA NEVINTI A. Gray. Genus FILAGO BRICKELLIA FRUTESCENS A. Gray. FILAGO ARIZONICA A. Gray. Genus GLTIERREZIA Lagrasca. Genus GNAPHALIL'M Linnaeus. GUTIERREZIA CALIFORNICA T. & G. GNAPHALIUM PALUSTRE Nutt. GUTIERREZIA EUTHAMIAE T. & G. GNAPHALIUM PURPUREUM Linn. Variety MICROCEPrALA A. Gray. GNAPHALIUM SPRENGELII H. & A. GUTIEiRREZIA I INEARIFOLIA Lag. Genns ERIGERON Llnnnens, Genus HYMENOCLEA Torrey & Gray, l^RIGERON CANADENSIS Linn. HYMENOCLEA MONOGYRA T. & G. ERIGERON FOLIOSUS Nutt. HYMENOCLEA SALSOLA T. & G. ERIGERON INCOMPTUS A. Gray. Genns IV A Linnaeus. ERIGERON PHILADELPHICUS Linn. IVA HAYESIANA A. Gray. Genns SOL.IDAGO Llnnaens. Tournefort. CALIFORNICA Nutt. Genns AMUROSIA SOLIDAGO DC. Golden Rod, or "Oroja de Leabre" of AMBROSIA PSILOSTACHYA PUMILA A. Gray. the Mexicans, is prized above all other AMBROSIA herbs for its curative properties in Genns PERITYLE llentliam. cases of either internal or external in- PERITYLE CALIFORNICA Benth. Torr. juries of man or beast, the most stub- PERITYLE EMORYI heal PERITYLE GRAYI Rose. born of sores being said to quickly PERITYLE GREENEI Rose. under its influence. PERITYLE INCANA A. Gray. SOLIDAGO CONFINIS A. Gray. PERITYLE MICROGLOSSA Benth. io8 California Art & Nature. 109 Genus HETEROTHECA Cass. Genus niDENS L,Innaen»i. HETEROTHECA GRANDIFLORA Nutt BIDENS CHRYSANTHEMOIDES Mlchx BIDENS PILOSA Linn. Genns APLOPAPPUS Cass. APLOPAPPUS BERBERIDIS A. Gray. Genus MADIA Molina. API.OPAPPUS JUNCEUS Greene. MADIA ELEGANS Don. "Near A. spinulosus, but more slender, MADIA FILIPES A. Gray. sparingly leafy, the stems tufted, and 2° MADIA GLOMERATA Hook. high, from a woody base: leaves linear, the lowest broader and pinnatifid, the Genus HEMIZOMA De Candolle. upper often only 3-toothed at apex, lobes and teeth all splnulose-tipped: heads few HEMIZONIA FASCICULATA T. & G. and corymbose, %' high: involucres turb - HEMIZONIA FLORIBUNDA A. Gray. iiaie, glandular-scabrous, not at all HJ:-:M1Z0NIA HEEftMANNI Greene. pubescent; scales setaceous-tipped: rays HEMIZONIA PANICULATA A. Gray. HEMIZONIA TENELLA A. numerous, light y. : akenes conspicuously Gray. nerved."—Greene, Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci., i. HEMIZONIA WRIGHTII A Gray. 190 (Aug. 29, 1885). APLOPAPPUS LINEARIFOLIUS DC Genus L.AYIA Hooker & Arn. APLOPAPPUS ORCUTTII A. Gray. LAYIA CARNOSA T. & G. LAYIA ELEGANS Torr & Gray. APLOPAPPUS PALMERI A. Gray. LAYIA GLANDULOSA Hook & Arn. "Pasmore" of the Mexicans and In- LAYIA PLATTGLOSSA A. Gray. dians is reputed to be invaluable in Genus JAUMEA Pers. cases of lockjaw. JAUMEA CARNOSA A. Gray. APLOPAPPUS SQUARROSUS H. & A. BURRIELIA MICROGLOSSA H. & A. Geniis BIGELOVIA De Candolle. ERIOPHYLLUM AMBIGUUM A. Grav. BIGELOVIA BRACHYLEPIS A. Gray. ERIOPHYLLUM CAESPITOSUM BIGELOVIA GRAVEOLENS A. Gray. ERIOPHYLLUM CONFERTIFLORUMDouffl. BIGELOVIA PANICULATA A. Gray. A ERIOPHYLLUM LANOSUM A. Gray. BIGELOVIA SPATHULATA Gray. ERIOPHYLLUM PRINGLEI A. Gray. BIGELOVIA TERETIFOLIA A. Gray. ERIOPHYLLUM STAECHADIFOLIUM Genas CARPHEPHORLS Cass. ERIOPHYLLUM WALLACEI A. Gray. HIERACIUM ARGUTUM Nutt. Genas DYSODIA Cav. HIERACIUM PARISHII A. Gray. DYSODIA COOPERI A. Gray. DYSODIA POROPHYLLOIDBS A. Gray. HOFMEISTERIA PLURISETA A. Gray, Genus EREMIASTRUM Gray. HYMENOPAPPUS FIL.IFOLIUS Hook. EREMIASTRUM BELLIOIDES A.- Gray. HYMENOTHRIX WRIGHTII A. Gray. EREMIASTRUM ORCUTTII S. Watson. LYGODESMIA EXIGUA A. Gray, consisting of 5 white oblong- "Pappus TRICHOPTILIUM A. ovate laciniate paleae and as many Inner INCISUM Gray. alternate bristles twice as long: in every TRIXIS ANGUSTIFOLIA D. C. other respect—habit, foliage, pubescence, etc. —the Involucre, nearly exact counter- Genus WYETHIA Nuttall. part of E. bellioides."—S. Watson, Proc. Am. Acad., xxv. 132-3 (Sept. 25, 1890). WYETHIA CORIACEA A. Gray. Southwestern part of the Colorado desert, San Diego County, California (C. R. Or- Genus XANTHIUM Tonrnefort. cutt, April, 1889). XANTHIUM STRUMARIUM Linn. Genus COLEOGYNE Torrey. Genus BAERIA Fischer & Meyer. BAERIA AFFINIS A. Gray. Genus LESSINGIA Cbam. BAERIA ANTHEMOIDES A. Gray. BAERIA CLEVELANDI A. Gray. LESSINGIA GLANDULOSA A. Gray. BAERIA CORONARIA A. Gray. Genus BAERIA GRACILIS A. Gray. HELIANTHUS Linnaeus. BAERIA MUTICA A. Gray. HELIANTITUS CALIFORNICUS DC. BAERIA PALMERI A. Gray. HELIANTHUS DEALBATUS A. Gray. BAERIA PARISHII S. Watson. HELIANTHUS GRACILENTUS A. Gray BAERIA TENELLA A. Gray. HELIANTHUS PETIOLARIS Nutt. BAERIA ULIGINOSA A. Gray. Genus VIGUIERA H. B. K. Genus LASTHENIA Cass. VIGUIERA LACINIATA A. Gray. L.ASTHENIA GLABRATA Lindl. VIGUIERA PARISHII Greene. Genus BAIL.EYA A. Gray. Genus LEPTOSYNE De Candolle. BAILEYA MULTIRADIATA H. & G. 1 L-EPTOSYNE BIGELOVII A. Gray, BAILEYA PAUCIRADIATA H. & G. iio California Art & Nature Genns AMBLYOPAPPTJS Hook & Am. Genus PEIVTACHAETA AMBLYOPPUS Nnttatl. PUSILLUS H. Arn. PENTACHAETA AUREA Nutt. Genns HULSEA Torx-ey & Gray. PENTACHiETA ORCUTTII A. Gray. HULSEA CALIFORNICA T. & G. "P. aurese subsimilis; capitulis parvu HULSEA VESTITA A. Gray. lis; involucre villoso-pubescente, bracteis Genus virldiorlbus; ligulis breviorlbus; pappl PALAFOXIA Lagrasea. setis 8-10 capillaribus basi baud dilatatis PALAFOXIA LINEARIS Lagasca. caducis!—Vallecito, in the northern rart Genus CHAENACTIS De of Lower California, C. R. Orcutt, May ^andolle. 4, 1886."—A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad., xxii CHAENACTIS ASTEMISIAEFOLIA A G 309 (March 4, 1887). CHAENACTIS CARPHOCLINIA A. Gry. PENTACHCKTA PALBACBA Greene. CHAENACTIS DOUGLASII Hook & Arn "A CHAENACTIS FREMONTI A. Gray. span high, with very numerous fili- CHAENACTIS A. G. form branches: involucres small, scales HETBHOCARPHA In CHAENACTIS LANOSA D. C. 2 series, pubescent, setaceous-tipped: CHAENACTIS MACRANTHA Eaton. corollas of ray and disk y. : akenes nearly CHAENACTIS PARISHII A.Gray. linear; pappus-bristles 5, slender, with a CHAENACTIS SANTALINOIDES Grne. thin, triangular palea at base."—Greene. CHAENACTIS STEVIOIDES Hook-Arn. Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci., i. 189-190 CAug. 29, CHAENACTIS SUFFRUTESCENS A. G. 18S5). CHAENACTIS TENUIFOLIA Nutt. Genns FRAIVSERIA Cav. Genns HELrElVIIJM Linnaeus. PRANSf^RIA BIPINNATIFIDA Nutt; HELENIUM BIGELOVII A. Gray. FRANSBRIA C^ MPHORATA Greene. HELBIUM PUBERULUM DC. FRANSBRIA CHI:N0P0DIF0LIA Benli. is common along water courses from FRANSBRIA DUMOSA Gray. A. San to Santo FRANSBRIA FLBXUOSA Gray. Francisco soutliward FRANSBRIA HOOT-'ERIANA Nutt. Tomas, Baja California. Bancroft FRANSBRIA ILICIFOLIA A. Gray. says this plant is used by the Indians FRANSBRIA TBNUIPOLIA A. Gray. in the same w^ay as we make use of Genus ENCElilA Atlanson. sarsaparailla. Mrs. Bingham (1. c.) BNCELTA CALTFORNICV Nutt. says it is "used as a tonic and antis- ENCELIA ERIOCBPHALA A. Gray. corbutic, and also in the form of a ENCELIA FARINOSA A. Gray. powder for catarrh." She gives the ENCELIA VISCIDA A. Gray. vernacular name as sneezewood. It is Gem!?H OEXTAl'REA Iii5»naeuH, known to the Mexicans as rosea or CENTAURBA MBLITENSIS Linn. Linn. rosiila (the proper spelling of the word) CENTAUREA SOLSTITIALIS who inform me that the seed is the part . Genus PEREZIA Lagasea. mainly used medicinally. PBREZTA MICROCEPHALA A Gray. Genns SYXTRICHOPAPPUS A, Gray. G?nu» SILYBUM Gaertn. SYNTRICHOPAPPUS FREMONTI A. G. SILYBUM MARIANIJM Gaertn. Genus GRIXDELIA WiUd. Geiiu.s CNICITS Linnaeus GRINDELIA ROBUSTA Nutt. CNTCUS CALIFORNjroS A. Gray. CNTCUR DRUMMONDII A. Gray. popular remedy, especially recommend- CNICUS OCCIDENTA LIS A. Gray. ed as a for the effects of the remedy Genns OORETHROGYIVE De C. poison oak (Rhus d'iversiloba Torr. & CORETHROGYNE FILAGINIFOLIA Nt. Gray), the plant being applied fresh, or Nuttall. a decoction or alcholic infusion used Genus STEPH ANOMERIA CICHORIACEA Greene. (Mrs. Bingham) The crude drug sells PT:tLOPTA , . or f,n -u J J % A PTILORIA EXIGUA Greene, at about $5.00 per hundred pounds. A ptilO'RIA PANICULATA Greene. Russian scientist is at present engaged PTILOBIA PARRYI Orcutt. in a study of the medicinal properties Pj ILOJ?IA PAUCIFLORA Raf. PTTLOFTA PENTACHAETA Greene. •ofOf this nlnnt anaond oiof tnethe otnerother snecies plant species ptiloria VIRGATA Greene, of the genus—most of which seem to Geirins RAFINESQXIA Nnttall. the same valuble properties possess CALIFORNICA Nutt. of which are doubtless often RAFINBSQUIA and some RAFINBSQUIA NEO-MEXICANA A. G. substituted for or confused with the Genus ATVISOCOHIA Torrey & Gray. typical G. robusta of Nuttall. One of ACAULE T. & G. these, G. subsquarrosa, I have recent- ANISOCOMA ly supplied to an eastern firm, send- Genns MICROSERIS Don, ing them about fifty pounds of the MICROSBRIS ELEGANS Greene. or more slender, head less crude dmg, for them to thoroughly Span high, than !/>': akenes turbinate, slightly over test its properties. 1" long-: palese ovate-deltoid, i^" long, the California Art & Nature 113 slender awn about 2". Mesas, San Diego, Genus COTTLA Linnaeus. Cal. COTULA CORONOPIFOLIA Linii. MICROSERIS LINDLEYI A. Gray. Genus SOLIVA Ruise & Pavon. MICROSERIS LINEARIPOLIA A. Gray. MICROSERIS MACROCHAETA A. Gray. SOLIVA SESSILIS R. & P. MICROSERIS PARISHII Greene. Genns TETRABYMIA De Canilolle. "Rather smaller and more slender than TETRADYMIA COMOSA A. Gray. M. Douglasii; akenes slender, strictly TETRADYMIA SPINOSA H. & A. 2" or dark coluinntir, long more, brown; LBPTOSYNE MARITIMA A. lanceolate, 3" very gradually Gray. palea; long, M."_TRICARIA DISCOIDEA D C. tapering to an awn of 1 or 11/2"." —Greene, "Said to be used in California as a Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci., li. 46 (Mar. 6, 1886). domestic for and bowel MICROSERIS PARRYI A. Gray. remedy agues complaints" (Watson, Hot. Cal. i. MICROSERIS PI^ATYCARPHA A. Gray. or more head %' or less in 401.) Span high, Genus Gaertn, length; main bracts of involucre about 8, ANTENNARIA oblong; akenes turbinate, 2" long, taper- ANTENNARIA DIOICA Gaertn. ing abruptly into a very short awn. San Genus ACTIXOLEPIS De Candolle, Diego county, Cal., southward. MAL.ACOTHRIX De Canaolle. ACTINOLEPIS MULTICAULIS DC. Oeiins ACTINOLEPIS TENELLA A. Gray. MALACOTIIRIX CAIJFORNICA DC. MALACOTHRIX COULTERI A. Gray. Genus PSATHYROTES A. Gray, MALACOTHRIX CLEVELANDI A. Gy. PSATHYROTES RAMOSISSIMUS A. G. MAL,ACOTHRIX GLABRATA A. Gray. PEUCEPHYLLUM SCHOTTII A. Gray. MALACOTHRIX INCANA T. & G. MALACOTHRIX INDECORA Greene. Genus SENECIO Linnaeus. MALACOTHRIX INSULARIS Greene. SENECIO AMMOPHILUS Greene. MALACOTHRIX SAXATILIS T. & G. SENECIO CALIFORNICUS DC. MALACOTHRIX SQUALIDA Greene. SENECIO CEDROSENSIS Greene. Genns GLYPTOPLEl RA D. C. Eaton. SENF:CI0 DOUGLASII DC. Eaton. SENECIO LYONI A. Gray. GLYPTOPLEURA MARGINATA A. SETULOSA A. Gray. SENECIO MOHAVENSIS Gray. GLYPTOPLEURA SENECIO NEO-MEXICANUS A.Gray. Genus CALYCOSERIS A. Gray, SENECIO PALMERI A. Gray. CALYCOSERIS PARRYI A. Gray, SENECIO I>EMMON'I A. Gray. SENECIO EURYCEPHALUS T-G. Geiins TROX!MOX Nnttitll. SEiNECIO PARRYI A. Gray. TROXIMON GRANDIFLORUM A. Gray. SENECIO PENINSULARIS Vasey-Rose. TROXIMON HETEROPHYLLUM Grne. SENECIO SYLVATICUS Linn. TROXIMON RETRORSUM A. Gray. SENECIO VULGARIS Linn. Genns SONCHUS Linnaeus, ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM Linn. SONCHUS ASPER Vill. "Used by the natives in the form of a SONCHUS OLERACEUS Linn. poultice, for healing indolent ulcers. Linn. SONCHUS TENERRIMUS The fresh plant is also used for Genns ACHYRAOHAENA Selianer. staunching blood in recent v^^ounds" ACHYRACHAENA MOLLIS Schauer. (Mrs. Bingham). Genns LAGOPHYLLA Nnttall. Genus CHRYSOPSIS Nuttall. LAGOPHYLLA RAMOSISSIMA Nutt. CHRYSOPSIS VILLOSA Nutt. GenuH POROPHYLLIJM Vaillant. Genus EUPATORIUM Tonrnefort. POROPHYLLUM GRACILE Benth. EUPATORIUM SACJGITATUM A. Gray. Genus ACHILLEA Linnaeus, Genus VERBESUVA Linnaeus. ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM Linn. VEBBESINA DISSITA A. Gray. Genns ANTHEMIS Linnaeus. VERBESINA ENCELIOIDES B-H. CONYZA COULTERI A. Gray. ANTHEMIS COTULA Linn. SOLIDAGO OCCIDENTALIS Nutt. Genus ARTEMISIA Linnaeus. Genns GAILLARDIA Fougeroux. ARTEMISIA BIENNIS Willd. arizonica Orz ARTEMISIA CALIFORNICA Less. G ARTEMISIA DRACUNCULOIDES Psh. Genns PUGIOPAPPUS A, Gray. ARTEMISIA LUDOVICIANA Nutt. P bigelovii, breweri et calliopsideus Gray Bingham says this is "recommended Genns MOIVOPTILON Torrey & Gray. for the effects of poison oak." bellidiforme ARTEMISIA PALMERI A. Gray. M T&Q ARTEMISIA PARISHII A. Gray. Genns SERICOCARPVS Nees. ARTEMISIA TRIDENTATA Nutt. ARTEMISIA TRIFIDA Nutt. SrigldusLindl ARTEMISIA VULGARIS Linn. Genns VENEGASIA De Candolle. Variety CALIFORNICA Besser. VENEGASIA CARPESIOIDES DC. 114 California Art & Nature. ii."?

Genus PKCTIS Lilnnaens. mealy, and pleasantly sub-acid, well- PECTIS PAPPOSA A. Gray. named by the M'exicans the "little iip- ple," though botanically a near rela LOBEXIACEAE. tive of the cranberry instead of thfe Genus NEMACL.ADUS IVnttall. apple. The Indians gather the fruit in NEMACLADUS CAPILL.ARIS Greene. September in great quantities for food, NEMACLADUS LONGIFLORUS A. Gry. and it is eaten freely by animals end NEMACLADUS PINNATIFIDUS Greene NEMACLADUS RAMOSISSIMUS Nutt. birds. It makes excellent jelly, pnd NEMACLADUS RUBESCENS Greene. the finest flavored vinegar, as clear as NEMACLADUS TENUISSIMUS Greene. water, may be prepared from the fruit. Genns DOWNINGIA Torrey. The numerous other varieties of man - DOWNINGIA PULCHBLLA Torr. zanitas all produce more or les3 siri- Wllld. LOBELIA SPLENDENS l^r edible fruit, and are all mos'ly PALMERELLA DEBILIS A. Gray. PARISHELLA CALIFORNICA A. Gray. small, straggly evergreen shrub.'-, graceful in their own peculiar way, anl CAMPANULACEAJE. bearing in earliest spring time a pro- Genns GITHOPSIS Nnttall. fusion of lovely white blossoms, .^ori - GITHOPSIS DIFFUSA A. Gray. times blushing a rosy red in a snow- GITHOPSIS SPECULARIOIDES Nutt. storm. Genus SPECULARIA Helster. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS PRINGLEI Parry. SPECULARIA BIFLORA A. Gray. "Young brancheK, including the petioles SPECULARIA PERFOLIATA A./ D. C. and margins of the leaves, copiously cili- ERICACEAE. ate-pubescent, with rlxed glandular hairB Genus ARBUTUS Tournefort. leaves short, petiolate, glaucous, minutely ARBUTUS ME'NZIESII Pursh. M:adrono. A net-veined, with conspicuous mid-nerves, ovate to broadly subcordate, abruptly surpassingly beautiful tree, with white flow- inflorescence closely ers and orange-colored berries. Sometimes short mucronate; from a thickr-red base, inter- grows 100 feet high. paniculate mixed with budscales, indicating a late Genus ARCT.OSTAPHYLOS Adanson. flowering per od. racemose branches slen- der, thickly covered a, we as he brae s. ^Uva-ursi G syn fl 2 27; Daphnidosta- pedicles and calyx, with ciliate and Klotzsch. glandular hairs, bracts ianceolate mem- phylis braneous, petaloid. deciduous, bracteoles A UVA-URSI L linear nearly 1/2 as long, pedicels slender, divaricate, 4-5 times as lonar as the bi'acts, —not So. Calit. Bear berry reaching: calyx ciliate-glandular, corolla smooth, AROTOSTAPHYLOS TOMENTOSA Lindl. broadly urceolate: ovary and fr. glandu- nutlets coalescent, Wooly Manzani'ta. lar, hispid, irregularly 5-7-celled."- Parry. Bull. Cal. Acad. Sc!. da 10 ii. 494 (Nov. 2, 1887). MANZAJNITA Parry. AROTOSTAPHYLOS Ca ac b 2 : The common Manzanlta of California. The Variety? drupacea Parry 49- and the finest ' berries make excellent sauce, — DifFiring from the ^bove only in th« quality of Vineg'ar; much eaten by Indians. Manzanita is a Spanish name, tke di- completely consolidated .stone, deeply minutive of manzana (apple), hence culptured, A usiKilly with a conspicuous The name is means a "little apple." i-sided furrow. Mts east of San Diego; generally applied to all the species of Or S 1886, distributed as A glauca." Arctostaphylos, and a writer in Mee- 543; han's Monthly (3:85) uses the name Ar- §Xylococciis G batus Menziesii. The manzanita once ARCTOSTAPHYLOS GLAUCA Lindl. The of San so common on the mesas back greait-berried ManzanHta. bicolor. The Diego, is Arctostaphylos Py Dw ac pr 4 34; Ca ac b 2 495 ;da to shrub to which the name more especial- ARCTOSTAPHYLOS BICOLOR A. Gray. ly belongs in California, and which branched irregular shiub, 3-5 sometimes becomes a small tree, is that Densely le.tves named Arctostaphylos manzanita by ft high, with brown shreddy bark; Dr. Charles Christopher Parry—the dull green above, whitish tomentose be- earlier writers on A. pungens of the neath- fls in condensed racemes, w with California botany This manzanita is -^j^j^ ^ f^ ^ften persistent until from Mexico to Oregon, . • common |^„,. ,, .. ^ ., ., in^ smooth & through the foothills and mountains, in 2d fl'ing F, shining, deep andp-^ dry, rocky soil. The fruit is a dull red, red, 4/2 lines in diameter; copious

msRS'nsKmx'wsM

Volume I. Number 7. June, igo2. Price 20 cents; $2 a year.

Califorr^ia A.rt & Natuire

Art & Nature Company, publishers, No. S6S i^th st., San Diego, Caiifor-ma 8^'^n^^n^^aimnm

i6 California Art & Nature 117 lat'ier dense granular pulp; putamen low, anther appendages about as longa^ s nooth externally, solid, 5-celled, i or the anthers; style shortly exserted; ova- m >re abortive. Orsj Py Dav ac pr 4 ry hairy hispid above. Fr small, 2 lines 34; Xylococcus bicolor Nutt, Py Ca ac b broad, warty, with a solid 5-celled puta- 2 496 Arc clevelandi G? men cells more or less abortive. Needs ARCTOSTAPHYLOS PARRYANA Lmn. comparison with the Mexican type, "A much branched shrub, 3-5° high: which probably includes several pub- foliage coriaceous, bright green; blade lished species." — Parry Dav ac pr 4 35. ovate or oblong 3^-1'' long, acute or ob- Or s j A polifolia B-W n.n HKK. tuse, entire, conspicuously impressed A colored portrait of this in Datos pa- veiny; petioles slender, yi-%^ long: in- ra la materia medica Mexicana, (pt 3 11) florescence paniculate corymbose, the well represents our shrub. It enjoys in & bracteoles wtomentose: pedicels m the names madronyo borracho, and bracts foliaceous, narrow; bracteoles 2 — garambullo the latter name in j is ap- or 3 lines long, deltoid, with callouslips: plied to Cereus sargentianus—and is in of the rotate obtuse: fr segments calyx medicinal repute. ovate or globose, 34 -K^ long, y'ish; ex- ^Micrococcus Py Dav ac pr 4 36:—Fr. ocarp smooth & glabrous, rather thin; with thin pericarp, without mealy pulp, endocarp of from 5-7 firmly united bony wrinkled at maturity; 4 or 5 nutlets easi- carpels, apiculate at each end, & marked ly separating— in 2 divisions. with longitudinal ridges corresponding *Pericarp persistent, nutlets 2-celled. with the back of the carpels: seeds 2 lin. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS OPPOSITIFOLIA P w. mts." — long, incurved, Tehachapi '"Shrub 3-10° high, densely branched 2 68 Lemmon pitt above, more or less naked be'ow; stems G:—fr §Comarostaphylis warty, puta- r-3' in diameter, with light greenish or men solid, 5-celled. gray bark smooth or with loose, shred- Zucc. ARCTOSTAPHYLUS ARGUTA fibers on the Variety DIVERSIFOLIA Parry. dy upper branches, young shoots leaves "Shrub 6-15 ft h'gh; stems 1-3 inches minutely tomentose; oppo- site or Ian. in diameter, with light gray bark slight- ternately whorled, narrowly 1-2^ ly furrowed, on the upper branches ceolate, entire, revolute, long, 2-3^'' shreddy, & on the young, growing shoots wide, light green above, minutely to- mentose with a mid- tomentose; leaves varving greatly in* beneath, prominent the narrow blade size & form, according to position or sea- nerve, gradually taper- to a short or obsolete son of growth; in young, vigorous off- ing petiole. Inflo- rescence the lower floral shoots or suckers, broably lanceolate, paniculate, branches in the axils of 2,%' long byi>2' broad, smooth, on both the upper oppo- site which sides, reticulate, scarcely at all revolute; leaves, higher up pass gradu- into more or less acuminate on the upper & fi'ing branches, narrowly ally deltoid, lanceolate, strongly revolute, & tomen- bracts, disposed in whorls of 3 or less at each bract tose beneath, in all more or less irregu- regular intervals, subtending a branch or & decurrent as a larly serrate, with mucronate cartilagin- pedicel, ous teeth & short petioles. Inflorescence ridge down the rachis; pedicels 3 or 4 racemose, from the axils of the upper times longer than the bract, bibracteo- terminal leaves, secund & horizontal, ra- late close to the base; corolla orbibular, chis, bracts, pedicels, and calyx long to" 2-23^''^ high, shortly urceolats, with mentose; bracts about 34 as long as the broad, reflexed lobes; stamens 10, an- pedicels, corolla 3 lines long, stamens 10 thers comparatively large, as long as the (occasionally 8), filaments bearded be- appendages filaments short, densely Il8 California Art & Nature. 119 bearded at base; style about twice the fleshy, not depressed but ascending or length of the ovary, included, or slightly erect, spatulate-obovate, the margin ^ exsert; ovary densely tomentose at the erose: fls 5-merous: corolla bright-p with summit; fr orbicular, 2-3^^ broad, with a a y base & some dark-p spots next the smooth, thin pericarp & scanty pulp, be- androecium: androecium about 3''^ long coming wrinkled at maturity, enclosing filaments connate, the tube dark-p, the 5 easily separated nutlets, nearly equal ornate exterior of each filament chang- in size, & 2-celled by a partition from the ing to y at the base of the anther & con- ventral suture, occasionally both cells tinued up the back of it nearly to the feitile or more or less abortive." —Parry apex in a lanceolate form & l>ing in ir-

Dav ac pr 4 36-37. Or j A salicifolia. regular folds; anthers otherwise p, not BRYANTHUS BREWERI A. Gray. quite twice the length of the stamineal Linnaeus. Crenns RHODODENDRON tude, slightly divergent around the mod- RHODODENDRON OCCIDENTALE A G erately exserted pistil, retiise at the Azalea, 2-6° high, mts above 5000°, d rather blunt apex: capsu'e oblong, ( ir- Tournefort. Genus PYROLA cumscissile at ton: seeds reddish-brown, PYROLA APHYLLA Smith. PYROLA PICTA Smith. somewhat cubical, the testa sinu ui^ly Genus SARCODES Torrey. reticulate." —Ge pitt i 2i4 Orsj BARCODES SANGUINBA Torr. da II. Or W 7 128 {a v alba & splen PTEROSPERA ANDROMBDEA Nutt. dens), giant cyclamen, shoot irg star. PLUMBAGINACEAE. DODECATHEON ELLIPTICUM Nutt. Genus STATICE Linnaeus. DODECATHEON HENDERSONI A. G. BTATICE LIMONIUM Linn. DODECATHEON JEPFRBYI Moore, Ge ca ac b i i 210, V californica G da 1 1 406 sz; pitt 214 These are considered as forms LENNOACEAE mostly of one species—the I). Meadia of Linn. Genus PHOLISMA Nuttall. Genus ANAGALLIS Tournefort. PHOLISMA ARENARIUM Nutt. ANAGALIS ARVBNSIS Linn. PIIOLISMA DEPRESSUM Greene. Poor man's weather da 11, Or covered glass j "Stems solitary, completely Genus SAMOLl'S Linsaaeus. by the rhombic-ovate, or sometimes ob- SAMOLUS VALERANDI Linn. long, closely imbricated scales, fls in a V americana G da 11 Ge ca ;ic b i 406 depressed, barely convex head, an inch Genns CENTCNCt L.US Linnaeus. MINIMUS Linn. or 2 broad: sepals 6, linear-filiform, mi- CENTUNCULUS nutely glandular ciliolate: corolla tubu- Genus GLAUX Linnaeus. Linn. lar-funnelform, 6-lobed, lilac-p: stamens GLAUX MARITIMA G. maritima L. Sea-milkwort, in saline shorter & style longer than in P. arenari- soil round the northern hemisphere. um."—Ge ca ac b I 198 j Genns AMMOBROMA Torrey. STYRACEAE. AMMOBROMA SONORAE Torr. Genus STVRx\X Tournefort. PRIMTJLACEAE. STYRAX CALIFORNICA Torr. Genns DODECATIIEOIV. lilnnaous. OLEACEAE. DODECATHEON CLEVELANDI Greene Genus MElVOiJORA Humb. & Bonpl. MENODORA SCABRA A. Gray. "A foot or 2 high, pale green & glan- MBNDORA SCOPARIA Engelm. dular: new roots formed not at the end Genn.s KRAXIXLS Tournefort. of the dry season but at its beginning, FRAXINUS DIPETALA H. & A. ash. da 11 dormant through the summer, Flowering j remaining FRAXINUS OREGANA Nuttall. no tubers formed either originally or by APOCYNACEAE. root-metamorphosis: leaves scarcely I20 California Art & Nature. Genns APOCYM'M Tonrnefort. but the truth of this may never be APOCYNUM CANNABINUM L. known. Apocynum Cannabinum L.—Indian ASCLEPIAS ALBICANS S. Watson. cathartic, hemp possesses diuretic, Asclepias Albicans Watson.—A larger emetic and Of diaphoretic properties. species of jumete, from the Colorado wide distribution, from to Baja Oregon desert and adjacent regions in Baja California, eastward to the Atlantic. A California, is credited popularly with very useful remedy in many diseases, the same powerful cathartic proper- sometimes called Am.erican Ipecac. ties as the last. A. ANDROSASEMIPOLIUM Linn. ASCLEPIAS Benth. androsasemifolium L.—Of ERIOCARPA Apocynum ASCLEPIAS EROSA Torr. equally wide distribution as the last, ASCLEPIAS MEXICANA Cav. with similar medical properties. ASCLEPIAS VESTITA H. & A. ASCLEPIADACEAE. ASTEPHANUS UTAHENSIS Engelm. Genus PHILIBERTELLA Vail. HenviH GO^BPHOCARPl'S R. Brown. "Calyx small, 5-parted, the lobes acute; GOMPHOCARPCS TOMENTOSUS A. G. corolla campanulate or rotate, deeply 5- Genus SARCOSTEMMA R. Brown. the lobes acute or obtuse, with a parted, S heterophyllum E is Philibertia hnea shallow entire or uodula^e ring forming ris heterophylla fide G an outer crown in its throat, the inner or PHILIBERTIA TORREYI A. Gray. stamineal crown consi.-Aing of 5 turgid GENTIANACEAE. Genus Pers. fleshy or hard scales, of flattish appen- ERYTHRAEA DOUGLASII A. attached in a circle at the base of ERYTHRAEA Gray. dages, Erythraea Douglasii Gray.—"It con- sessile or stalked the slightly gynostegi- tains a bitter, tonic principle, valued um (column), forming a hollow entiieor for malarial diseases, and known as " in undulate .spreading surface near the lev- 'conchalagua,' (Mrs. Bingham) common with other plants of the order el of the conical stigmas; follicles naktd, Gentianaceae. slender, attenuate at both ends or obtuse ERYTHRAEA MUHLENBERGII Griseb, at the base. Twining herbs, or partly ERYTHRAEA VENUSTA A. Gray. venusta —This is the shrubby plants, of warm regions, with Erythraea Gray. common "canchalagua" of Southern opposite glabrous pubescent or woolly and Baja California, which grows lux- leaves a umbellate sometimes fragrant uriantly and abundantly in wet seasons A showy fls."-^.\nna Murray Vail Torr and is usually gathered and kept con- cl b 24 305 (Je 1897). stantly in store by many Mexican and P HARTWEGII Vaillc Indian families. The following letter, published in the West American Sci- var Vail heterophylla entist (VI. 84) will here be found of in- i\ HIRTELLA Vail terest as giving some reliable informa- Genns ASCLEPIAS Llnnaens, tion regarding this and other native ASCLEPIAS SUBULATA Decsne. plants possessing medicinal virtue: Asclepias Subulata Decsne.—^"Jumete" Editor of the West American Scien- is a very powerful cathartic, equal in tist—We beg to acknowledge receipt of activity to croton oil. The Indians are your favor, and in reply thereto, we said to use it in cases of syphillis after beg to state as follows: Conchala- all other remedies fail to bring relief; gua is, as you mention, the Erythraea an overdose often resulting in incur- venustia Gray, but more popularly able insanity or death. In Mexico the known as California Centaury, Califor- juice of this or a similar plant is said nian Pink, etc. to be often used in cases of enmity, the Medicinally it possesses valuable an- victim of the insidious drug becoming tiseptic and febrifuge properties, and insane for life if not mercifully relieved is in high repute as a bitter tonic and at once by death. Tradition says that stomachic, but we see no reason for Maximilian's unfortunate empress, considering it to be the "August Flow- Carlotta, was a victim of this drug. er" so extensively advertised. (We it22 California Art & Nature 123 have been informed th&t such was the of — edge the properties of a plant it case. Editor.) should be experimented upon with ex- In regard to the other plant mention- ceeding caution. ed find that by you, Golondrina, we sev- Genus COLLOMIA Nattall, eral species of the Euphorbia, mostly COLLOMIA GRACILIS Dougl. E. albomarginata, Torr. & Gray, and COLLOMIA GRANDIFLORA Dougl. the E. prostata, Ait., have acquired a COLLOMIA HETEROPHYLLA Hook, reputation as antidotes for snake poi- Genus GILIA Ruiz & Pavon. soning, under the names of "Golondri- GILIA ACHILLEAEFOLIA Benth. GILIA na" and "Gollindrinera." (E. poly- ANDROSACEA Stend. GILIA AUREA Nutt. is the carpa, Benth., common GILIA BELLA A. Gray. Golondrina of the Mexicans of GILIA BIGELOVII A. Gray. Southern and Lower California.—Edi- GILIA BREVICULA A. Gray. GILIA CALIFORNICA Benth. tor.) GILIA CAPITATA Dougl. The latter name has been applied also GILIA CILIATA Bentham. to the Chelidonium majus, Linne, and GILIA DEMISSA A. Grav. the GILIA DENSIFOLIA Benth. Euphorbia maculata, Linne, is GILIA DIANTHOIDES End!. known in some districts as Golondrina GILIA FILIFOLIA Nutt. de Filipinas, or Gatas-Gatas de Filipi- GILIA FLOCCOSA A. Gray. A. nas. In the case of these last two GILIA FLORIBUNDA Gray. GILIA INCONSl ICUA Dougl. plants, however, we find no record of GILIA LAT [FOLIA S. Watson. their having been employed as snake- GILIA LATIFLORA A. Gray. bite remedies. GILIA LAXA Vasey & Rese. GILIA LEMMONI Gray. Larrea Mexicana, Moricand, is pop- GILIA LINIFLORA Benth. ularly known as the creosote-bush or GILIA MICRANTHA Stend. stinkweed, and is credited with GILIA MULTIOAULIS Benth. being GILIA NEVINII A. possessed of valuable Giay. properties for the GILIA ORCUTTII. Parry. treatment of rheumatism and syphilitic "A span high, slender; leaves only 2 or diseases. Trusting that the above will 3 paJrs up to the nflorcscence. very =inall. with filiform f!. few, In the be of we divisions; interest, are, very truly yours, clusters; tube of the corolla less than V2' PARKE, DAVIS & CO. long, rather thick, dilated at summit, hardly longer than the turbin'ite campan- Genus FRASERA \^alter. ulate throat and limb, its lobes ovate; FRASERA PARRTI Torr. stamens and style included." —Parry. FRASERA NITIDA Benth. Proc. Dav. Acad. Natl. Sci. iv. 40 (1S84). GILIA PARRYAE A. Gray. EUSTOMA EXALTATUM Griseb. GILIA PUNGENS Benth. GILIA SESSEI Don. POLEMONIACEAE. GILIA TENELLA Benth. GILIA TENIUI-'LORA Benth. Genus POLEMONIIM Tournefort. GILIA VIRGATA Stend. POLEMONIUM CONPERTUM A. Gray. Genus PHLOX Linnaeus. NAVARRETIA FOLIACEA Greene. PHLOX DOUGi^^.bll Hook. ""^''ear N. atractyloides, but more dif- PHLOX LONGIFOLIA Nutt. fuse and leafs', leaves amp'er, less coria- PHLOX NANA Nutt. ceous and of a lighter tjreen, thtir sejj- PHLOX GRACILIS Hooker. ments not but herba- PHLOX DOLICANTHA A. Gray. wholly spinose, PHLOX CANFSCENS T-G. ceous below; segments f the calyx very PHLOX SPBCIOSA Pursh. unequal, 2 larsfe, ovate-acuminate spin- Genus LOESELIA Linnaeus. ose tipped and more or less recurved, 3 LOESELIA EFPUSA A. Gray. very small and only broidly subulate: LOESELIA GUTTATA A. Gray. corolla white, small, little surpassing the LOESELIA TENUIFOLIA A. Gray. calvx: herbage scentless."—Greene, Pit- Loeselia tenuifolia Gray.—This herb tonia, i. 138 (N 25. 18S7). Potrero, San is credited with, valuable medicinal Diego county, ^'at. (D. Cleueland). properties, being held in high repute by Indians and Mexicans for fevers NAVARRETIA PENINSULARIS Greene. and in other diseases. Some Mexicans "Diffusely branching, 3-10^ high, glan- once informed me however, according dular-puberulent and very viscid: leaves to my field notes, that it Is a virulent all acerose-pinnatifid: fls. rather few, in poison 'used only in venereal dis- numerous scattered and mostly pedun- eases.' Without some actual knowl- culate glomerules; calyx sparsely hirsute, 124 California Art & Nature U5

the segment-! subu'are, entire, very un- PHACELIA CORDIFOLIA S. Watson. trie sliortest the PHACELIA CURVIPES Torr. equal, fully equalling PHACELIA DAVIDSONII A. Gray. tube the longest surpassed by tie pur- PHACELIA DISTANS A. Gray. plish corolla: capslue 3-celled, many- PHACELIA DOUGLASII Torr. seeded. Hanson's ranch, in the north- PHACELIA FREMONTH Torr. ern of Lower PHACELIA GRANDIFLORA A. Grav. part California, July lo, PHACELIA HB:TER0SPERMA Parish. 1884, <". R. • rcutt, No. II 13 Kelated to PHACELIA HISPIDA A. Gray. N divaricata, but sufficiently distin- PHACELIA IXODES Kellogg. its clamminess ar.d different PHACELIA IVESIANA Torr. guished by PHACELIA LEUCANTHA Lemmon. inflore.scence,— as well as by its larger PHACELIA MICRANTHA Torr. corollas." Greene, Initonia. i. 186. PHACELIA MOHAVENSIS A. Gray. NAVARRETIA HAMATA Greene. PHACEi.IA OR'I'TTIANA A. Gray. PHACELIA PARRYI Torr. '"Near N atractyluides, and like it aro- PHACELIA RAMOSISSIMA Dougl. matic, but smaller and comparatively PHACELIA RUGULOSA Lemmon. leaves not PHACELIA SUFFRUTESCENS Parry. slender; ioliaceous-dilated, PHACELIA TANACETIFOLIA Benth. but with a linear, or nearly linear racliis PHACELIA VISCIDA Torr. and few or many spinnse-subulate seg- PHACELIA WHITLAVIA . A. Gray. ments of which the terminal one, and Genns TIlICARDIA Torrey. sometimes one or all of the lateral pairs TRICARDIA WATSONI Torr. are recurved or else abiuptly strongly Ger.ns XAMA liini^Rens. deflexed (forming hoi>ks); caiyx-seg- and NAMA DEMISSUM A. Gray. ments all si;bulate ^spinose-tipped, NAMA HISPIDUM A. Gray. all erect, 2 mice as large'as the others: NAMA PARRYI A. Gray. corolla salveiiorm, deep purple, large NAMA ROTHROCKII A. Gray. NAMA STBNOCARPUM A. Gray. for the plant, the slender tube well ex- serted from tl.c calyx. Guadalupe mt., Genns ERIODICTYOX Bentliani. R. Or- Lower Cali.ornia. June, lUi^ C. ERIODICTYON ANGUSTIFOLIUM Nt. ERIODICTYON Benth. cutt. Also at All Saints bay, Viay, 1885, CRASSIFOLIUM "Densely tomentose-villous, the hairs writer."— Pit. i. bv the preset Greene, straight: corolla salver-form, twice as 139 (N 25, 1887). long as the calj-x, densely villous outside: NAVARRETIA ATRACTYLOIDES Gne. seed finely about 10-striate,with innum- N\VA.RRETIA DIVARICATA Greene. erable minute transverse lines." —Greene, NAVARRETIA PROSTRATA Greene. Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1. 201. NAVARRETIA VISCIDULA Greene. ERIODICTYON GLUT! NOSUM Benth. HYDROPHT^LLACEAE. "Infusicn of the balsamic-resiniferous leaves in spirit used as a tonic" (Wat- LEMMONIA CALIFORNICA A. Gray. son, Bot., Cal., 1:518). This and E. an- gustifolium Nuttall are probably iden- EMMENANi IE Bentham. Genns tical. The species is very variable. Bth. BMMENANTHE PENDULIPLORA These shrubs are abundant in the hills California yellow bells; a broad bushy and mountains of Southern and Baja anraifll from a rpan to 2 feet high, loaled California, and held in about equal re- with bell-shaped pendulous flow- broadly pute as remedial agents by the Mexi- ers, V2 incii long-, of a delicate cream col- or—the persistent corolla drying- and re- cans who do not seem to distinguish be- taining its shape until seed ripens. 'The tween them. E. sessilifolium Greene, effect of a branch is suggestive of general of the vicinity of Todos Santos bay. a long spike of the lily of the valley', says one writer. Utah; Lake county, Cal. to Lower California, is also known by the Lo-sver California; Arizona. same name and cedited with the same Gcnns XEMOPHILA Nuttall. virtues. This seems to be a form con- NEMOPHILA AURITA Lindl. necting E. glutinosum and E. angusti- NEMOPHILA INSIGNIS Dougl. folium with E. crassifolium. NEMOPHILA MENZIESII H. & A. NEMOPHILA RACEMOSA Nutt. ERIODICTYON SESSILIFOLIUM Grne. ca ac 1:201. Genus ELLISIA liinnnens. Ge b Br Zoe 4:208 j only. ELLISIA CHRYSANTHEMIFOLIA Bth E intermedia ined. Or ELLISIA MEMBRANACEA Benth. Parry 77 j ERIODICTYON TOMENTOSUM Benth. Genua PHACELIA Joss. H. C. Ford gives the San Rafael moun- A. PHACELIA AFFINIS Gray. tains as the habitat of this PHACELIA CAMPANULARIA A. Gray. species. PHACELIA CILIATA Benth. Mrs. Bingham says: "Found on the PHACELIA CIRCINATA Jacq. f. banks of mountain streams, and used Z26 California Art & Nature. 12^ for lung: diseases, but especially for ECHINOSPERMUM GREENEI A. Gray. 'diseases of the mucous membrane of "AUocarya echinoglochin. Habit, pu- Hie throat. The Yerba Santa of the bescence and inflorescence of A. trachy- Californians." It should be remarked carpa, but a coarser, larger plant; nutltis here, that the shrub Mrs. Bingham re- i^^ long, ovate, straight, carinate ventri- fers to, is not the beautiful shrub with cally down to the nearly basal ovate velvety foliage found around San Di- scar, the back covered with coarse gran- ego and referred to E. tomentosum by ulations and stout barbed prickles }(-}4 Watson. The San Diego shrub is re- line high, these distinct at base or more ferred to E. crassifolium Bentham (fide or less confluent into walled reticula- Greene), and is not known to possess tions, the latter sometimes strongly de- any medicinal properties. The Yerba veloped and the prickles themselves Santa of the Mexicans commonly re- correspondingly reduced or even neirly ferred to as possessing medical prop^ obsolete. San Diego ^o Oregon."— Ge. erties, is E. glutinosum. Genns HESPEROCHIROX S. Watson. CONVOLVTJLACEAE. HESPEROCHIRON NANUS Greene. Genus CONVOLVUL.US Linnaeus. CONVOLVULUS ARVENSIS Linn. CONVOLVULUS CALIFORNICA Choisy. BOREAGINACEAE. CONVOLVULUS LONGIPBS S. Watson. CONVOLVULUS LUTEOLUS A. Gray. Gennsi COLJ>ENIA Linnaeus. CONVOLVULUS OCCIDENTALIS Gray COLDENIA CANESCENS D. C. CONVOLVULUS PENTAPETALOIDES Linn. COLDENIA PALrMERI A. Gray. CONVOLVULUS SEPIUM CONVOLVULUS SOLDANELLA Linn. Tournefort. Genus HELIOTROPIUM Genus CRESSA liiiimieus. HELIOTROPIUM CURASSAVICUM LJn. CRESSA CRETICA Linn. Genus AMSINCKIA Lelim. Genus ^TTtTSCUTA Tournefort. AMSINCKIA ECHINATA A. Gray. CUSCUTA CALIFORNICA Choisy. AMSINCKIA L.YCOPSOIDBS Lehm. CUSCUTA DECORA CHOISY. AMSINCKIA INTERMEDIA F. & M. CUSCUTA SALINA Engelm. D. & H. Fl chrome with at the CUSCUTA SUBINCLLoA y, orange spots DICHONDRA REPENS Forst. base of the divisions of the corolla, sz j AMSINCKIA TESSELLATA A. Gray. AS. AMSINCKIA SPECTABILIS F. & M. SOLANACE PLAGIOBOTHRYS CANESCENS A. G. Genus SOL.ANL1M Tournefort. PLAGIOBOTHRYS NOTHOFULVUS SOLANUM DOUGLASII Dunal. SOLANUM NIGRUM Linn. KRYNITZKIA ANGUSTIFOLIA A. Gray SOLANUM PALMERI Vasey & Rose. KRYNITZKIA BARBIGERA A. Gray. SOLANUM XANTI A. Gray. KRYNITZKIA CIRCUMSCISSA A. Grs;y. Genus PHYSALIS Llimaeu.«. KRYNITZKIA COOPERI A. Gray. PHYSALIS AEQUATA Jacq. f. KRYNITZKIA FOLIOSA Greene. Benth. A. PHYSALIS CRASOIFOLIA KRYNITZKIA INTERMEDIA Gray. Greene. KRVNITZKIA JONESII A. Gray. PHYS/LIS MURICULATA KRYNITZKIA LEIOCARPA F. & M. PHYSALIS PEDUNCULATA Greene. KRYNITZKIA MARITIMA Greene. PHYSALIS PUBESCBNS Linn. KRYNITZKIA MICROMERTS A. Gray. Genus LYCItM Linnatus. KRYNITZKIA MOHAVENSIS Greene. KRYNITZKIA MLTRICATA A. Gray. LYCIUM ANDERSONII A. Gray. KRYNITZKIA OXYCARYA A. Gray. LYCIUM CALIFORNICUM Nutt. KRYNITZKIA OXYGONA A. Gray. LYCIUM HASSEI Greene. ICRYxNTITZKIA PTEROCARYA A. Gray LYCRTTt PUBERULUM A. Gray. KRYNITZKIA RAMOSISSIMA A. Gray LYCIUM RICHII A. Gray. KRYNITZKIA TORREYANUM A. Gry. LYCIUM TORREYI A. Gray. Genus DATURA Linnaeus. Genus PECTOCARYA De Candolle. r>A nnTF K MBTELOIDES DC. LINEARIS D. C. discolor Or 2190J PECTOCARYA n D -PVA -- PENICILLATA A. D. PECTOCARYA SETOSA A. Gray. Genus PETUNIA Juss. PETUNIA PARVIJLORA Jv.ss. Genus HARPAGONELLA A. Gray. Genus XICOTIANA Tournefort HARPAGONELLA PALMERI A. Gray. NICOTIANA BIGELOVII S. Watson. ^MMENANTHB PENDULIFLORA Bth. 129 California Art & Nature 13b NICOTIANA TRIGONOPHYLLrA Dunal. PEDICULARIS DENSIFLORA BENTH. NICOTIANA ATTENUATA Torrey. fls & bracts NICOTIANA CLEVELANDI A. Gray. Lousewort, pomegranate-p NICOTIANA GLAUCA L. with y lips. Or d Nicotiana Glauca L.—"The large, PEDICULARIS SEMIBARBATUS A. G. thickish leaves are used as glaucous, MIMETANTHA PILQSA Greene. healing and anodine poultices." (Har- vard). Genus MIMULUS Linnaeus. MIMULUS BRBVIPES Benth. MIMULUS BIGELOVII A. Gray. SCROPHULARIACEAE. MIMULUS CARDINALIS Dougl. MIMULUS CLEVBLANDI Brandegee. Genus L,INARIA Tournefort. "Perennial, suffrutescent at base, 3-6 LINARIA CANADENSIS Dum. dm. high, glandular-pubescent through- out; stems many from the base, sparing- Genus ANTIRRHINUM Tonrnefort. ly branched above; leaves lanceolate, ser- 3-7 cm. long, narrowing to the clasp- Bth. rate, ANTIRRHINUM COULTERIANUM base, in age revolute on the margins; A. ing ANTIRRHINUM PILIPKS Gray. flowers shortly pedicellate; calyx 2 cm. Lnl. ANTIRRHINUM GLANDULOSUM long, contracted above the ovary, the ANTIRRHINUM JUNCEUM A. Gray. upper and longer portion curved and ANTIRRHINUM NEVINIANUM A. Gray the lanceolate, somewhat Bh. spreading, ANTIRRHINUM NUTTALLIANUM uneo.ual teeth V2 the length of the tube; ANTIRRHINUM ORCUTTIANUM A. G. corolla golden yellow, nearly twice the ANTIRRHINUM SPECIOSUM A. Gray. length of the calyx, witn gradually di- A. ANTIRRHINUM STRICTUM Gray. lated throat and v, idely spreading nearly lips; styles stout, minutely and Or da 12, Ge ca ac b 1:122, 409; sz. equal d, densely glandular; stigma tubular-pel- ANTIRRHINUM SUBSESSILE A. Gray tate; mature capsule 10-12 mm. long, ANTIRRHINUM WATSONI Vasey-RoBo #iearly quadrangular, tapering slightly toward the to the base by Genns MOHAVEA A. Gray. apex, opening the upper suture, the lower separating for MOHAVEA VISCIDA A. Gray. only p. short distance from the tip, and Tournefort. each valve splitting at the tip for nearly Genus SCROPHULARIA the °ame distance as the lower suture; SCROPHULARIA CALIFORNICA Chn. placentae separate, as in M. glutinosus; at both ents.' — Genus COLL-INSIA Nuttnll. seeds foveo a'e, apiculato T. S. Brandegee, Garden and Forest, COLLINSIA BARTSIAEFOLIA Benth. 8:134, f 20 (3 Ap 1895). COLLJNSIA BRBVIFOLIA W. Suks. South side of Cuyamaca peak, San COLLINSIA CHILDSII Parry. Diego county, California. ^ Or d MIMULUS EXIGUUS A. Gray. C parviflora MIMULUS FLORIBUNDUS Dougl. COLLINSIA BICOLOR Benth. MIMULUS FRBMONTI A. Gray. divisions of co- MIMULUS INCONSPICUUS A. Gray. y^uridula-p fls, upper MIMULUS LATIFOLIUS A. Gray. rolla white tinged with rose a auricula-p MIMULUS LUTFJUS Linn. Lemmon. spots at the center. Or d j MIMULUS MOHAVENSIS PARRYI A. MIMULUS MOSCHATUS Dougl. COLLINSIA Gray. MIMULUS NANUS Hook & Arn. Greene. Genus PENTSTEMON Miteliell. MIMULUS NASUTUS MIMULUS PALMERI A. Gray. PENTSTEMON AMBIGUUS Torr. Bh. MIMULUS PARISHII Greene. PENTSTEMON ANTIRRHINOIDI^S and slimy; Bth. "Stout, 2° high, villous very PE STEMON AZUREUS erose-dentate, 1-2' PENTSTEMON BARBATUS Nutt. leaves cvate-lanceo'ate, : pedicels A. long, the uppermost clasping Variety LABROSUS Gray. the leaves: tri- PEiN'fTEiMON CAE3IUS A. Gray. shorter than calyx-teeth PENTSTEMON CENTRANTHIFOLIUS angular, acute, nearly equal: corolla pale CERROSENSIS rose-red, only the small, nearly regular PENTSTEMON Kelg. limb exserted from the calyx: seed small PENTSTEMON CLEVBLANDI A. Gray. wrinkled coat."— CORDIFOLIUS Benth. oblong, with a loose, PENTSTEMON Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci., i. 108-9 (Mar. PENTSTEMON EATONI A. Gray. Greene, RENTS --^MON GLABER Pursh. 7, 18S5). PENTSTEMON HETEROPHYLLUS Ln DIPLACUS GLUTINOSUS Nutt. PFNSTEMON LAETUS A. Gray. Wendl.—The in- PENTSTEMON PALMERI A. Gray. Mimulus glutinosus PENTSTEMON PARISHII A. Gray. fusion of the leaves of this and related PENTSTEMON PARRYI A. Gray. forms (treated as species of Diplacus Nutt. PENTSTEMON PUMILUS some is considered a PENTSTEMON ROTHROCKII Gray. by botanists) PENTSTEMON SPECT^-lxjILIS Thurber specific by some for dysentery. PENTSTEMON TERNATUS Torr. DIPLACUS GRANDIFLORUS Greene. DIPLACUS LATIFOLIUS Nutt. Genus PEDICULARIS Tournefort. DIPLACUS LINEARIS Greene. 131 California .Vrt & Nature. 132 DIPLACUS LONGIFLORUS Nutt. Genus BELEPEROiVE Xees. DIPLACUS FUNICEUS Nutt. DIPLACUS STELLATUS BELEPERONE CALIFORNICA Benth. Kellogg. LABIATAE. Genus Linnaeus. STEMODIA Genus HYPTIS STEMODIA DURANTIFOLIA Swartz. Jacq. HYPTIS EMORYI Torr. Genus LIMOSELLiA Llnnneus. Genus MENTHA Linnaeus. LIMOSELLA AQUATICA Linn. MENTHA CANADENSIS Linn. Genns VERONICA Linuaeas. MEINTHA PIPERATA Linn. VERONICA ALPINA Linn. MENTHA VIRIDIS Linn. VERONICA AMERICANA Schw. LY^COPUS SINUATUS Ell. VERONICA PERBGRINA Linn. L lucidus americanns G da GenTis CASTIIjI.EIA Linnaeus. 14 Genus »- YCNANTHEMLTM Mleli. CASTTILFIA CINEREA A. Gray. CASTTLLEIA SESSIFLORA Pursh. PYCNANTHEMUM CALIFORNICUM T. CASTILLEIA AFFINIS Hook & Am. Genus MONARDELLA Bentham. Tips of floral bracts brilliant poppy-red MONARDELLA CANDICANS Benth. MONARDBLLA HYPOLEUCA A. Gray. ffj ^z da i:^ MONARDELLA LANCEOLATA A. Gray. CASTILLEIA FOLIOLOSA Hoolc.-Arn. V G CASTILLEIA HOLOLEUCA Greene. microcephala CASTILLEIA LINEARIFOLIA Benth. MONARDELLA LINOIDES Gray. CASTILLEIA MINIATA Dougl. MONARDELLA MACRATHA A. Gray. CASTILLEIA OBLONGIFOLIA A. Gray. V tenui flora G CASTILLEIA PARVIFOLIA Bong. CASTILLEIA PLAGIOTOMA A. Gray. MONARDELLA NANA A. Gray. CASTILLEIA STENANTHA A. Gray. MONARDELLA ODORATISSIMA Benth MONARDELLA PRINGLEI A. Gray. Genus ORTHOCARPLS Nnttall. MONARDELLA TENUIFLORA S. Wat. A. MONARDELLA THY^MIFOLIA Greene. ORTHOCARPUS ATTENUATUS Gry. MONARDELLA VILLOSA Benth. ORTHOCARPUS DENSIFLORUS Eth. CALAMINTHA PALMERI A. Gray. O densiflorus Bentham Ge ca ac b 2: ACANTHOMINTHA ILICIFOLIA A. G. 409 sz Genus POGOGYNE Bentham. ORTHOCARPUS HISPIDUS Benth. POGOGYNE NUDIUSCULA A. Gray. ORTHOCARPUS PARISHII A. Gray. POGOGYNE SERPYLLOIDES A. ORTHOCARPUb PURPI^RASCENS Bh. Gray. POGOGYNE TENUIFLORA A. Gray. Genus CORDYL.ANTHLS Nuttall. Genus SALVIA Llnnnens. CORDYLANTHUS FILIFOLIUS Nutt. SALVIA BERNARDINA Parish. CORDYLANTHUS NEVINI A. Gray. SALVIA COLUMBARIAE Benth. CORDYLANTHUS MARITIMUS Nutt. Salvia Columbriae Bentham.—Mrs. da 14, ft Bingham says this is "the chia of the and in soil in the Adenostegia maritlma Nutt in DC pd aborigines, grows foothills of the coast The seeds KBr Zoe range. 10:598; 2:368 are demulcent, and used in gastro-in- CORDYLANTHUS ORCUTTIANUS A. G. testinal disorders. The Indians roast- OIlOBx\NCHACEAE. ed the seed, ground them between two stones, and used the meal for food. It Genus APHYLLON Miteliell. is said to improve the taste of poor wa- APHYLLON CALIFORNICUM A. Gray. and on that account is of use to APHYLLON COMOSUM A. Gray. ter, APHYLLON COOPERI A. Gray. persons in crossing deserts. It quench- APHYLLON FASCICULATUM A. Gray. es thirst and lessens the quantity of A. APHYLLON LUDOVICIANUM Gray. water desired, sometimes in that APHYLLON TUEROSUM A. Gray. way APHYLLON UNIFLORUM A. Gray. preventing serious illness from excess- BIGNONIACEAE. ive drir^king of bad water. It is val- ued as a and seeds are MARTYNTA ALTHEAEFOLIA Benth. poultice, the sometimes in the to form a Genus CHILOPSIS Don. placed eye mucilage by means of which foreign CHILOPSIS SALIGNA Don. bodies may be removed from that or- Chilopsis Saligua Don.—Desert wil- gan. Quantities of these seeds have low. "Mexicans use the flowers in fev- been found buried in graves several ers and as a stimulant in cardiac dis- hundred years old, proving that the eases." (Harvard). use of the seed reaches back into the ACANTHACEAE. remote past." California Art i33 & Nature 134

Prof. Sereno Watson (Bot. Cal. i:599) STACHYS CALIFORNICA Bth. eays, "The seed-like nutlets, infused in GeuuH THlCHOSTE>SA L,lnn2ions. "water, form a pleasant mucilaginous TRICHOSTEMA LANATUM Benth. 'drink, which is largely used." The black sage is a small shrub found SALVIA Benth. CARDUACEA in the coast range from Monterey seed of this and the above species are southward to Baja California(?), "cul- identical except in size, and both tivated in gardens of the Californians," known the Indian name of by "chia," and "valued as a stimulant" or "chius." As the seed of this (Mrs. "chio," Bingham). is much it is the one larger most large- TRICHOSTEMA ly used among the Indians of Southern LANCEOLATUM Bth. TRICHOSTEMA MICRANTHUM A. and Lower and the above Gry. California, TRICHOSTEMA OVATUM Cuvran. remarks of Mrs. Bingham concerning TRICHOSTEMA PARISHH Vasey. S. columbariae be considered to may "romero" of the Mexicans is valued for apply equally well to this species. medicinal properties unknown to the SALVIA CEDROSENSIS Greene. writer. Dr. Edward Palmer, I believe, Genus SPHACELE Bentliam. has published notes on the virtues of SPHACELE CALTCINA Benth. this plant in the American Naturalist, Variety WALLACEI A. Gray. and also under the title of "Food Prod- SPHACELE PRAGRANS Greene. ucts," in one of the reports of the Unit- "Shrub 6° leaves ovate- high: oblong, ed States deparan^nt of agriculture. obtuse, coarsely and irregularly dentate, LOPHANTHTTS URTICIFOLIUS Benth. hastate at base, 2-4^ long of thin text- Genun SCITELI, \RIA Linnacti-. SCUTELLARIA ANGUSTIFOLIA Psh. ure, loosely white-woolly beneath, gla- SCUTELLARIA BOLANDERI A. Gray. brate above not resinous, agreably aro- SCUTELLARIA TUB:.3R0SA Benth. matic: calyx open-campanulate, mere VERBENACJilAE. than an inch long, its lobes triangular- Genus VEHI1K.\A Liunaen;'.. lanceolate, as long as the tube, nutlets VERBENA BRACT Er.SA Mch. —Ge VERBENA CANESCENS H. B. K. large, glabrous." pit 1:38 VERBENA CILIATA Eenth. Genn.s AUDIBERTIA Beiitlinm. VERBENA LILACINA Greene. AUDIBERTIA CAPITATA A. Gray. VERBENA LITTOHALIS H. B. K. AUDIBERTIA CLEVELANDI A. Gray. VERBENA OFFICINALIS Linn. AUDIBERTIA GRANDIFLORA Benth. VERBENA POLYSTACHYA H. B. K. AUDIBERTIA INCANA Benth. VERBENA PROSTRATA R. Br. I^Ini acus. V pilosa G Genus LIPPIA LIPPIA LANCEUI>ATA Michx. V pachystaceya G j LIPPIA NODIFLORA Michx. AUDIBERTIA NIVEA Benth. AUDIBERTIA PALMERI A. Gray. PLANTAGI]STA.CBAE. AUDIBERTIA POLYSTACHYA Benth. Genus PLANTAGO Linuaeiis--. AUDIBERTIA STACHYOIDES Benth. PLANTAGO BIGELOVH A. Gray. PLANTAGO HIRTELLA II. B. K. AUDIBERTIA VASEYI Porter. Linn. SALIZARIA MEXICANA Terr. PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA PLANTAGO MAJOR Linn. MICROMEiRIA DOUGLASII Bth. PLANTAGO MARITIMA Linn. "Yerba Buena." Valued as a blood PLANTAGO PATAGONICA Jacq. Variety GNAPHALOIDES A. Gray. purifier. PLANTAGO PICTA Morris. BRUNELLA VULGARIS Linn. Utah, Arizona, Southern California (Po.r:.sh 2643). TEUCRIUM CL'BENSE Linn, PLANTAGO OBLONGA Morris. Genns MARRUUIL'M Lrinnnens. Colorado Desert, Califcrna (Orcutt). MARRUBIUM VULGARB Linn. PLANTAGO IGNOTA Morris. Marrubium Vulgare L.—Hoarhound, Ft. Verde, Arizona (E. A. Mearns 199); northein Baia California. widely naturalized in California, is PLANTAGO SPECIOSA Morris. much used for coughs and lung dis- Santf, Catalina Island, California (G. eases. B. Grant £412). PLANTAGO OBVERSA Morris. Genus STACHYS Linnaeus. Del Mar, San Diego County, California STACHYS ACUMINATA Greene. (Bello Sumner Angler 21). STACHYS ADJUGO'DES Bth. Plants go erecta Morris in part; Torr STACHYS ALBENS A. Gray. bot. cl. b. 27:118 (190O). STACHYS BULLATA Benth. PLANTAGO ERECTA Morris. 135 California Art & Nature 136 Plantago patagonica Californica Greene POLYGONUM AMPHIBIUM Linn. Man bay reg. 235 (1894). POLYGONUM AVICULARE Linn. California; Orepfon. POLYGONUM BISTORTA Linn. PLANTAGO VIRGINICA Linn. POLYGONUM HARTWRIGHTTI A. G. NYCTAGINACEAE. POLYGONUM HYDROPIPEROIDES Mx. Genu.^ MIRABILIS Linnaeus. POLYGONUM INCI'RVATUM Ell. POLYGONUM NODOSUM Pers. MIRABILIS CALIFORNICA A. Gray. POLYGONUM MIRABILIS PROEBELII Behr. TENUE Michx. MIRABILIS LAEVIS Curran. Genus NEMACALLIS Xnttall. MIRABILIS A. " MULTIFLORA Gray. NEMACAULIS DENUDATA Nutt. MIRABILIS TBNUILOBA S. Watson. (jienns AliLIOXIA Lilnnaexts. Genus ERIOGOXIJM Miclix. ALLIONIA INCARNATA Linn. ES,IOaONrtJM CLAVATUM Small. Genus ABROXIA Jnssien. "Annual, acaulescent. Leaves basal; ABRONIA LATIFOLIA Esch. blades 5-13 mm. broad, much broader arenari" IMenzies than on ABRONIA MARITIMA Nutt. long, undulate, strigose- hispid both ABRONIA TURBINATA Torr. sides, cordate at the base or rarely ABRONIA UMBHLLATA Lam. truncate; petioles about twice as long as ABP.ONIA VILLOSA S. Watson. *i, ui j l- -j "Pubescence mere or less densely vil- tne blades, hispid: scapes erect, sohtary, lous. subg'ianduhir, spreading; stems weak o-laimnnc fr^rl^aA-^u^-,'^ t-u^ ,i4.;»,,„+« a: glaucous, torked the ultimate di- and slender: leaves %-!' long, oblong above, or ovate, obtuse or acutish, attenuate into vision filiform, the lower internodes slender heads 5-10-flowered; in- , • petiole; „ ,, , . , ,, volucral scales narrowly lanceolate, log- more or less swollen above the middle: acuraiKate, 3-4" long; 11. pink, the lobes bracts scale-like: a fr. with a peduncles hair-like,""v^-, /z'A obcoidate with deep sinus; . firm body, strongly reticulate-pitted, the cm. long, spreading: involucres narrow- £-5 broad v/ings consisting of a simple i„ 4.,,^k;^„«- 11 1 ii_ lamina, usually truncate above. Nearest ^V turbinate, very small, less than I mm. to A. umbellata, Arizona OVheeler)."-- long; segments obtuse, as broad as long, S. A\nt?on, Arr.pr. Natl., vn. 6 (May 1873). , ' , ..., •• . . OXYBAPHU3 NYCTAGINEUS Sweet. shorter than the tube: calices densely Linnaeus. Genns BOERHAAVIA hirsute less than i mm. long, the seg- BOEBHAAVIA ERECTA Linn. ments BOERHAAVIA VISCOSA A. Gray. nearly equal, ovate-lanceolate, a- cutish: filaments —Small, POLYGONACEAE. glabrous." j ERIOGONUM GLAUCUM Small. Genus RUMEX Linnaeus. RUMEX ACETOSEi^LA Linn. "Annual, slender, acaulescent. Leaves Mun. RUM EX CONGLOMERATUS basal; blades ovate or RUMEX CRISPUS Linn. mm oval-ovate, 5-10 RUMEX HY.MENOSEPALUS Torr. long, obtuse, undulate-crisped, of- ^^" on "Sandy soils from El Paso to the can- inequilateral, softly hispid both obtuse or subcordate vonsofthe Rio Grande; Mr-Ap. Root surfaces, at the ^^^^' Petioles 2-3 times than the white Stem 2-3° high. 'Foliage inten- longer blades, hirsute: scapes erect, solitary or .>^.ely bitter;' Thurber. Lower leaves a ft several together, 1-6 cm. or m.-re long A 2-3^ wide, somewhat un- tall, glaucous, forked, the branches or dulate on the margin: upper ones nearly ascending spreading: peduncles filiform, about one flat. Panicle a ft long, fls crowded. In- cm. long, more or less spreading: invo- ner sepals of the fructiferous calyx near- lucres glabrous, turbinate, i mm. long; ly H^ long, roundish-ovate, strongly cor- segments oblongs, obtuse, about as long date, of a very thin texture, often rose- as the tube: calices densely hirsute, 2 colored, slightly reticulate-veined, twice * * mm. long; segments lanceolate, 's long as the achenium." * Torr bot acute, erect; filaments glabrous."—Small, Bull. m boundary 177-8. Or 71 j; d; z; da 14 Torr. RUMEX MARITIMUS Linn. club, xxv, 51, Ja. 25, 1898. e RUMEX SALICIFOLIUS Wein. ERIOGONUM RUBESCENS Greene. Genus POLYGO\'LM Linnaeus. "Near E. grande but low, the depress- POLYGONUM ACRE K. H B ed leafy caudex only a few inches long: 137 California Art & Nature. I.-.8 leaves ovate-cordate, with crisped mar- branching from the base, flocoose-tomen- tose, the branches sparse and spreading: gins and both surfaces tomentose or the leaves ovate, cordate or cuneate at base, obtuse or tomentose a acute, undulate, be- upper glabrate: peduncle stout, erect, neath, 3-9" long besides the petiole. foot at summit a radical, and in the axils of the subulate high, bearing compact brncts: involucres broadly turbinate, cleft cymose cluster of many-flowered umbtls- nearly to the middle, green, 1" long: ?,. y^" long, the segments white or pink- perianth glabrous, rose-red, campanu- ish with a green midvein." —S. Watson. Proc. Am. Acad., xx. 371-2 (Feb. 21, 1885). late: filaments villous at base. Island c f Cantillas. Lower California (Palmer, 1875; Orcutt. 1882). San where it is abundant on low Miguel, ERIOGONUM GIGANTEUM S. Watson. sandstone cliffs near the sea: but first ERIOGONUM GRACILE Benth. ERIOGONUM INFLATUM Torr. in similar at the extreme ^ound a locality ERIOGONUM MINUTIFLORUM Wats. west end of Santa Cruz. A most beauti- "Of the E. Pusillum group; very slen- der, 6' high or less, diffusely branch- ful — species." Ge pittonia 1:39. ing, glabrous, excepting the small ovate ERIOGONUM GRANDE Greene. rosulate leaves which are densely white- ' Basal and a foot tomentose on both sides, becoming less shrubby lealy part tomentose above; bracts minute; pedun- or two high with many branches; pedun- cles filiform, divericately spreading: 3-8" long; irivolucres very small (1-3" long), cles 3-5°, thick and fisulous below, slen- broadly turbinate-campanulate, pur^ der and loosely cymose-dichotomous plish; perianth y., minutely puberulent, very small."—S. Watson, Proc. Am. Acad., above: leaves ovate-oblong, obtuse, cor- xxvl., 125 (July 31, 18 1). Colorado desert. San Diego Co., California (Orcutt, April. date at base, the crisped, 2-3^ margins 1890). long, on petioles of equal length, lower ERIOGONUM NUDUM Dougl. s. wats. surface p:rtogonum orcuttianum densely white-tonmentose, upper "Of the E. Heermanni group: the very stems from a woody glabrate: involucres terminal only: peri- short herbaceous leaf base, and the rigid divaricate branches anth glabrous, white, segments equal, flnelv subtomentose-pufce^cent: leaves broadly in flower: fila- scattered, thick, nearly glabrous, obtuse, rotate-spreading ovate or obovate, obtuse, shortly petiol- ments villous at base. Interior of Santa ate %" long: bracts ternate, deltoid- subulate, small, subherbaceous: involu- Cruz common ;***"-Ge pit 1:38. sub- Is., very cres solitary," tubinate-campanulate, fl. tom- ERIOGONUM APICULATUM S. Watson. tomentose, nearly 1" long: ERIOGONUAl ANGULOSUM Benth. entose,, greenish white, 2-3 long, ERIOGONUM LATIFOLIUM Smith. the oblong-obovate lobes of the periauLi; ERIOGONUM VIRGATUM Bth. nearly equal."— S. Watson. Proc. Am. Shrub, 2' ERIOGONUM DELICATULUM S. Wat. Acad., XX. 371 (Feb. 21, 18S5). Lower California ERIOGONUM MOLBSTUM S. Watson. high: Cantillas Canyon, Orcutt. 1883). ERIOGONUM INSIGNE S. Watson. (H C and C. R. August, S. Watson. ERIOGONUM ARBORESCENS Greene. ERIOGONUM PALMERI S. Watson. ERIOGONUM BAILEYI S. Watson. ERIOGONUM PARTSHII ERIOGONUM BRACHYPODUM T. & G. ERIOGONUM PARRYI A. Gray. Benth. ERIOGONUM PARVIFOLTUM Smith ERIOGONUM CINEREUM D. & H. SRIOGONUM CRENULATUM Parry. ERIOGONUM PLUMATBLLA ERIOGONUM PONDII Greene. ERIOGONUM DESBRTICOLA S. Wats. ERIOGONUM PUSILLUM T. & G. "Apparently an annual of the B. Pusil- ERIOGONUM RENTFORME Torr. lum group (base and foliage unknown) ERIOGONUM SAXATILE S. Watson. tall, several times dichptomously ERIOGONUM STELLATUM Benth. branched, white-tomentose, becoming ERIOGONUM THOMASII Torr. and yellowish green; mostly glabrous Torr. bracts all small and deltoid; involucres ERIOGONUM THURBERI or subsessile toward Shortly pedicellate ravines, San Pasqual, Calif., the end of the branches, erect or spread- "Sandy 1" * ' ing, turbinate-campannlate, long: My, Thurber. Wallace. Leaves in a perianth villous, the elliptical segments y. or reddish midveins, 1-1 V2 subradical cluster, about Yz' long undu- with greenish' of long In the southwestern part above, wh'te to- the Colorado desert, San Diego Co., Cali- late-rugose, pnbe.scent fornia- C. R. Orcutt, November, 1890 (n. mentose underneath. Stem a scape "_s. Watson, Proc. Am. Acad, .-189) a sub- xxvi. 125-6 (July 31, 1891). about span high, trichotomously BLONGATUM Benth. divided below the middle, with ovate a- ERIOGONUM Benth. ERIOGONUM FASCICULATUM cute ternate bracts at the forks. Pedi- FOLIOSUM S. Watson. ERIOGONUM less than a line "Of the E. vimineum group: annual, cels \' long. Involucre

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139 California Art & Nature 140 in diameter, cleft nearly to the middle mens 9 (or less), with short filaments on the throat; anthers dull reddish, orbicu- into 6 rather obtuse lobes; extetior seg- lar; stigmas short, recurved; akene nar- 1" in ments of the four times rowly triangular; embryo length, perianth nearly with linear cotyledons and slender radi- broader than the inner. P'ilaments & o- cle." —Parry, Proc. Dav. Acad. Natl. Sci., iv. 54-5 (1SS4). vary smooth. Styles short. Achenium CHORIZANTHB PARRYI S. Watson. smooth. Embryo strongly curved. No CHORIZANTHE PERPOLIATA A. Gray. T.-G. hraf-tf>ol*^Q:bracteoles werexj,'prp dpteripd min tneirtheir nlacp CHORIZANTHE POLYGONOIDES detected, place chorizanthe procumbens Nutt. * * * are only woolly hairs." Torr bot m CHORIZANTHE RIGIDA T. & G. CHORIZANTHE SPINOSA S. Watson. boundary 176-7 Or j; da 14 CHORIZANTHE STATICOIDES Benth. CHORIZANTHE THURBERI S. Watson. EKIOGONUM NODOSUM f^mall. CHORIZANTHE WATSONI T. & G. "A vvhite-tomentose shrub, .5-1.5 me- CHORIZANTHE XANTI S. Watson. ters tall, with spreading, forking branch- Genns OXYTHECA Nuttall. es. Loaves small, 2-6 mm. long; blades OXYTHECA CARYOPHYLLOIDES Pry. ^^^'^'^H^*^^ ^^^^^^^ S.Watson, elliniir ornr ellintie-ovite arutish revorevo- elliptic eiiipne-ovaie, acuusn, qxytheca LUTEOLA Parry. lute, narrowed into short petioles: bracts OXYTHECA PARISHII Parry. . . PERFOLIATA T. & G. , OXYTHECA ,., , ^ , scale-like, acute or acuminate: mvolucres oXYTHECA trilobata a. Gray. turbinate-rampanulate, 2.5 mm. long, Genus LASTARRIAEA Remy. angled, sessile: segments broad, much LASTARRI^A CHILENSIS Remy. whorls shorter than the tube; calices glabrous, "Involucral closely adherent, and similar to the external caullne bracts; pink, 3 mm. lung; segments rounded at perianth sharply triangular, coriaceous, with un- tnethp anex methe 1 ouieiouter oblon? or ouovaieobovate- segments unequal, prolonged apex, 3 ouiong cinate(,jn„|p awns."awns."——Parry,Parrv. Proc. Dav. Acad. oblong, the 3 inner cuneate: filaiients Natl. Sci., V. 36 (Nov. 1, 1886). villous below the middle: achenes 3-an- Genns HARPORDIA Parry. gled, scabro-pubescent above the mid- HARFORDIA FRUTICOSA Greene. HARFORDIA MACROPTERA Parry. dle." —Small, Bull. Torr. club, xxv, 49.

I Genus PTEROSTEGIA F. & M. J 25 1898. e ERIOGONL'XI TRICHOPODUM Torr. PTEROSTEGIA DRYMARIOIDES Nutt. ERIOGONUM UMBELLATUM Torr. ERIOGONUM VIMINEUM Dougl. AMABANTACEAE. ERIOGONUM WRIGHTII Torr. Genus AMARANTL'S Tournefort. Genus CHORIZANTHE R, Brown. AMARANTUS ALBUS Linn. AMARANTUS CALIFORNICUS S. Wat. CHORIZANTHE BREVICORNU Torr. Benth. CHORIZANTHE CALIFORNICA A. G. AMARANTUS FIMBRIATUS S. Watson. CHORIZANTHE T. G. AMARANTUS PALMERI CORRUGATA & AMARANTUS REFLEXUS Linn. CHORIZANTHB FERNANDINA S. Wat. ( HORIZANTHE FIMBRIATA Nutt. Genns IVITROPHILA S. Watson. , CHORIZ/.NTHE LACINIATA Torr. NITROPHILA OCCIDENTALIS S. Wat, CHORIZANTHE LEPTOCRROS S. Wat. Genus CCADOTHRIX IVnttall. CHORIZANTHE ORCUTTIANA Parry. CHLADOTHRIX LANUGINOSA Nutt. "Decumbent, 2-6' broad, appressed pubescent throughout, densely branched CHLADOTHRIX OBLONGIFOLIA Nutt from the base; radical leaves narrowly lanceolate, obtuse, tapering to a slender petiole: cauline leaves smaller, sessile, CHENAPODIACEAE. te, involu- oppos connate, obtuse; upper Genus APHANISMA Xuttall. cral bracts broadly triangular, scarious, accumirate; involucres in the lower forks APHANISMA BLITOIDES Nutt. and loosely scattered on the slender branches, sharply triangular, with short Genus CHl^aVOPODIUBI Tournefort. chartaceous tube (not corrugated); divi- CHENOPODIUM ALBUM Linn. sions 3, not nearly equal, conspicuously AMBROSIOIDES Linn. loliaceous, broadly with re- CHENOPODIUM divergent, Ambrosioides L.—"A curved uncinate awns; fl. partly exsert, Chenopodium redicellate; perianth as long as the pe- common weed in many parts of the dicel, tube narrowly turbinate, segments world, is used as a vermifuge under equal, narrowly spathulate, with long the of seed." c'liate hairs externally, extending beyond name worm (Mrs. Bing- the segments In an irregular fringe; sta- ham). I4X California Art & Nature 143 CHENOPODIUM CALIFORNICUM S. W. growing- in sandy loam at San Bernar- CHENOPODIUM FREMONTI S. Watson dino measures feet in circumference CHENOPODIUM MURALE Linn. 9% at 3% feet from the ground; height Genns MONOLKPIS Schratler. about 60 feet."—Parish, Zoe, 4:3. MONOLEPIS CHENOPODIOIDES Moq. MONOLEPIS SPATHULATA A. Gray. BUXACEAE. Genns ATR.IPLEX Tournefort. Genus SIM>]iOXDSlA Xuttall. ATRIPLEX BRACTEOSA S. Watson. ATRIPLEX CANESCENS James. SIMMONDSIA CALIFORNICA Nutt. ATRIPLEX COULTERI Dietr. The goat-nut, or deer-nut, is an ATRIPLEX DILATATA Greene. acorn-like fruit, edible and pleasant to EXPANSA S. Watson. ATRIPLEX the taste, produced by a low, .jval- ATRIPLEX HYMENELYTRA S. Watson • ATRIPLEX JULACEA S. Watson. formed, rigid shrub, in profusion, un 'e ATRIPLEX LEUCOPHYLLA Dietr. all conditions of soil from the sea c::a-t ATRIPLEX MICROCARPA Dietr. to the borders of the desert to eastern S. Watson. ATRIPLEX ORBICULARIS Arizona. The at the Catili- ATRIPLEX PALMERI A. Gray. Indians ATRIPLEX PARISHII S. Watson. na mission, in Lower California, clairi ATRIPLEX PATULA Linn. not to eat them, and I find no r.c )rd Genus EUR.OTIA Adanson. of their ever having been utilized for food. It occurs on ; nd EUROTIA LANATA Moq. Cedrqs islana, Eurotxa Lanata Moquin.—"Of good the mainland opposite to the guli repute as a remedy for intermittents." shores. (Watshon, Bot. Cal. II. 56). GRAYIA POLYGALOIDES Hook-Arn. EUPHORBIACEAE. Genus SAI>ICOR!VIA Tonrnefort. Genus ELPIIOKIJIA l^iKuaeus. SALICORNIA AMBIGUA Michx. EUPHORBIA ALBOMARGINATA T.-G. SALICORNIA HERBACEA Linn. EUPHORBIA ERIANTHA Benth. OCCIDENTALIS S. W. EUPHORBIA HIRTULA Engelm. SPIROSTACHYS EUPHORBIA MISERA Benth. Genus SUAEDA Forskal. EUPHORBIA PALMKRI Engelm. EUPHORBIA PARISHII Greene. SUAEDA TORREYANA S. Watson. EUPHORBIA POLYCARPA Benth. name Golondrina is applied indiscrim- BATIDEAE. inately by Mexicans to various species of small prostrate herbs belonging to Genus BATIS P. Browne. the genus Euphorbia, each of which is BATIS MARITIMA Linn. reputed to be a certain antidote against the bite of the rattlesnake or of any of LAURACEAE. the poisonous reptiles or insects. It is wherever the Genus UMBELLALARIA Nuttall. popularly believed that occur that some form UMBELLULARIA CALIFORNICA Nutt. rattlesnake may of this rattlesnake weed may be found. Some form is sure to be found in any XJRTICACEAE. portion of the southwest, from Cali- Tournefort. Genus LRTICA fornia to Texas, southward into Mex- URTICA HOLOSERICEA Nutt. ico. Linn. URTICA URBNS Indians are said to chew the plant Genus HESPEROCXIDE Torres . when bitten by a snake, and swallow- HBSPEROCNIDE TENELLA Torr. ing the juice, stuff the cud into the wound or it as a poultice, or Genus PARIE/TARIA Tournefort. apply sometimes make a weak tea. Said also DEBILIS Forst. PARIETARIA to be useful in cases of internal as well as of external poisoning, but I have PLATANACEAE. found no evidence to sustain this state- Genus PLATANUS Tournefort. ment, and as the plant is in itself pois- PI/ATANUS RACEMOSUS Nutt. onous to some people when the juice The sycamore is a spreading, lofty is externally applied to the skin, it tree common near water courses from should be handled with caution, except the coast to the desert, up to an alti- in dire necessity. It seemingly Uas no tude of 3,000 or 4,000 feet. "A tree •effect upon the writer. H3 California Art & Nature. 144

V micromera Mi^sp. Or e CROTON TENUIS S. Watson. EUPHORBIA SERPYLLIFOLIA Pers. BERNARDIA MTRICAEFODIA S. Wat. "Glabrous^ prostrate or ascending, dl- Genus STILLIXGIA Garden. (h.t^mously branching; stems terete, or STILLINGIA ANNUA Mull. mcT2 or less angled (in the type almost STILLINGIA LINEARIFOLIA S. Wat. Ringed); stipules setaceous or lacerate^ triangular at the base; leaves short pet- Genus ARGYTHAMXIA P. Browne. ioled, oblique ai the base, blade varying ARGYTHAMNIA SERICOPHYLLA A. G. from sratulate to cblcng cr obovati.-, apex ARGYTHAMNIA SERRATA Mull. truncate or retuse and more or less cren- ulate serrate. In'^orescence solitary' or in Genns TETRACOCCUS Engelmann. loose c.usters: involucres 'eafy campanu- TETRACOCCUS DIOICUS Parry. la'e, the lobes triangular subulate; ylanis transverse oblong, more or less cupped in "Shrubby, dioe^iu'^; staniinate floweis invohi- crate on slender in the axils of the 1h^ cfnra; ai pe d ges nrr.w, 3-4- pt'dice's up- leaves of recent inflorescense with a crenate lobed or nearly entire; svigmas pur shoots; central axis a Utile shorter than the short, bitid. Ca^s' les srr.ooth, carpels prol'inged and '2 or more deve!- oprlnate; seeds sharply leavea, usually unequa.ly quadrangular, o; ed br b acteate at 'o man tetveen the opposite nches, base; Invo- sligh'ly festly rugose lucre in a double with 7-9 angles, the rugae s^me'imes so obtuse as series, persistent, shot, rounded segments; stamens 7-9 long ex- to make the- surface appear shallow pit- ^e^t,i^lse^ledat the base of the involucral scales, tcfl."—Millspaugh, Pittonla, 2:83. encircling an irregularly lobed, central disk; Co'orac'o. -A Oregon, California, r zona. liliiments at has an- CONSANGIINFA Eols?. densely ciliate-pubescent , Varey thers extrorse, broadly 2 celled. Pistillate flow- Differs from t'e s-ecies in having a ers in theaxilsof lower leaves on recent shoots more erect an ct) use ser- growth; sharply single pedicellate, pedicels thickening np- rate apex to t^e leaves; lacerate lobes to wards, and bibracteate near the middle invo- the involvcr s; darker nnd more ovate lU' re 01 7-9 oblong, unequal segments in 2 ser- reeds jes5 ; harp on the angles; and more ies with 4 i-'landular scales on the inner surface, cr less red coloration in the stems and segments fragile at maturity. Uvary 4 lobed, leavet'."—MillT.augh, Pitton'a 2:S4. densely tiwny hisjij, \vi h 4 long, recurved Northern Lov,-er California (Orcutt); s igmas. Capsule orbicular, broadly 4 obed Washngton (Sukrdorf); Idaho (Greene); and 4 celled, the thin epicarp separating in .^^?nsas (J. ^. yZo"in). valves from rigid cocci which part at maturity, Vprie'y RUGUL03A Engelmann. the separate cells dehiscing at both sutures. "D fCers in (Mules 2 to eai'h 1 rncipally its thickly mat- cell pendant from the upper ted gro-ivth; the prolongation of the teeth plhcental column which persists as a rigid cen- dcv.-n the lor.-srr-r side of the leaf; and the tral axis after the rupt ire of the cells. Seeds t'-rg;d very finely rugulose seeds. The bj' abortion 1 to each cell, smooth, oblong, con- t' pe from San Bernardino. Calif., S. b. spicuously caruncuUte. Embryo with broad .'' V7. F. Parish. 18Sl."^Millspaugh, Pitt- cotyledons and short, straight radicle immersed or:ia 2:8.5. in copiousalbtiinen. leaves narrowly lanceo- Va'ie'y NEO-ME.KTCANA Millsp. late, nea'ly sessile with a somewhat decuTent "Erect, glabrous, with acutely angled luidril), smooth, rather rigid and inclined to h-a-che?. Differs from the spe-^ies and curve on the uppe'' face, mostly opposite or in vpr. rorsanguirea, c''e'!y in its e'ongated ternate whoiles, often fa£cic\ilate in the lower and with short sVarply poin*ei seeds, having the 2 ven- axils, reduced branches on the 'ral facets concave, and the involucral lower ^hoots."— Parry, West Am Sci. 1,13. 1885. k)'eD rntirp or 2-3 cleft."—Millspaugh, Pittcria 2:84. RICINIS Tyre locality:—plains of the upper Gila COMMUNIS Linn. riT'^r, N. M. Euphoibla neo-mexicana Greene, Cal ac h 2:i'. CALLITRICHACEAE. E loiiei(rn-'s Sehecle. Or Genus CAIiLITRICHE Linnaeus. E peD"o:des Nutt Or OALLITRICHE LONGIPEDUNCULATA Edi-tyosperma F-M Or "With thread-like stems; leaves all E O' t tiiM.x Or spatulate or oblanceolate, 3-8 mm long, E he' rophyllagraminifolia E Or the blades 1-2 mm broad, rounded at the apex, and sloping into narrowly margined E 1 nja-ralifornira Milsp, Orj 1381 petioles often longer than themselves, Esotil ba E Or dotted with stellate scales, S-nerved, the K wri-hfi T-f} Or lateral nerves running into each other EUPHORBIA SPT.ENDENS very near the apical margin. Perigonial Boj. sacs longer than the fruit. Styles much, EUPHORBIA TOMENTULOSA S. Wat. longer than the fruit, erect, deciduous. Genus EREMOCARPLS Peduncles lengthening to 10-25 cm at ma- Benthnm. turity, and frequently 2 or 3 proceeding EREMOCARPUS SETIGERUS Benth. from the same axil, or a little below it. Fruit thick, nearly orbicular, three-fifths Genus ACALTPHA Linnaeus. to 1 mm long by about four-fifths mm in ACALYPHA CALIFORNICA breadth, minutely emarglnate, the lobes Benth. divergent, with a deep intervening groove, Genus CROTOX Llnnaens. obtusely margined, and with or without a very narrow wing."—Morong, Torrey bot CIIOTON CALIFORNICUS Mull. cl b 18:236. California J45 Art & Nature 146 Mesas, San Diego, Cal.ifornia (Orcutt, sweet and delicate in flavor. Occurs 1884), type. from the CAL.L.ITRICHE MARGINATA Torrey. along Sacramento river to Peculiar to the Pacific coast, from Ari- San Diego county, California; occa- zona to California. Also attributed to sionally but f Chili. cultivated, more as a h de or CALLITRICHE VERNA Linn. street tree, than for its excellent, Canada; nearly all parts of the United nuts. States; South America; Europe and Asia. Genus CORYLl'S Tournefort. CORYLUS ROSTRATA Art. PIPERACEAE. Variety CALIFORNICA A. DC. CenniS AlVEMOPSIS' Hooker. CUPULIFERAE. YERBA MANSE. Genu.s CAS TAXOPSIS Spaeli. ANEMOPSIS CALIFORNICA B. & H. This CASTANOPSIS CHRYSOPHYLLA A. DC is one of the favorite medicinal herbs of the Genus QLJERCLS Linnaeus. old Spanish Californians, but has won a per- manent place in European greenhouses, and QUBRCUS AGRIFOLIA Nee. ehould be given the attention it deserves in The California live oak is justly one the land its of birth. It is readily grown in of the trees described as picturesque. moist soil, the apple-green foliage, frequently the stout, low trunk to even 20 blotched with crimson, showing off the jather 8, feet, large white flowers to great advantage. In circumference, with a spread of The "Yerba Manse" of the branches of 120 feet. Mendocino coui- Mexicans has a "strongly pungent, as- y appears to be its northern limit, whila tringent, aromatic root, valued for the near La Grulla, south of EnsenaJ?, healing of ulcers, both of the mucous Lower California, is the most south- membrane and of the outer surface" ern recorded station, where its (Mrs. Bingham). Much used for medi- branches sweep the ground. The shin- cinal purposes ' by the Indians and ing, elongated, tapering, acute-pointed Mexicans (Watson, Bot. Cal. ii:78). acorn, l-li^ inches lonrr, and % to 1-3 Widely distributed over Southern and inch in diameter, characterizes the Lower California, in miost, salty species and are among the treasured ground. trophies of the average tourist, v.ho of- CERATOPHYLLACEAE. ten says he "can taste them still" —'out Genus CERATOPHYI^LUM Linnnens. generally prefers not to do so—the sec- CERATOPHYLLUM DEMERSUM Linn. ond time. BETULACEAE. QUERCUS ENGELMANNI Greene. Genus AL,jVUS Tournefort. The Englemann, or Post oak, is a small ALNUS OBLONGIFOLIA Torr. spreading tree, 40 feet high, wilh a The alder is a slender tree occurring trunk usually under 3 feet in dia- along our perennial streams, from Mis- meter. Not rare near Pala, Pall- sion valley to the Cuyamaca mountains brook, the Potrero, and into Lower Cal- in Lower California, and north and ifornia, 20 miles or so from the sea. eastward. Rarely exceeds 50 feet in QUERCUS CHRYSOLEPIS Liebm. QUERCUS DUMOSA Nutt. and 2 height feet in diameter. QUERCUS EMORYI Torr. ALNUS RHOMBIFOLIA Nutt. QUERCUS KELLOGGII Newb. SALICACEAE. QUERCUS PALMERI Engelm. QUERCUS PUNGENS Engelm. Geuns SAL.IX Tournefort. SALIX OAUDATA Muhl. LORANTHACSAE. SALIX LAEVIGATA Bebb. Genus ARCEUTHOBH M Bieb. SALIX LASTANDRA enth. ARCEUTHOBIUM DOUGLASII Engelm. SALIX LASIOLEPIS Benth. ARCEUTHOBIUM OCCIDENTALE E. SALIX LONGIFOLIA Muhl. Genus SALIX SESSILIFOLIA Nutt. PHORADENDROIM Xuttall. Genus POPLIjLS Tournefort. PHORADENDRON BOLLEANUM Eichl. PHORADENDRON CALIFORNICUM Nt. POPULUS TRICHOCARPA T. & G. PHORADENDRON FLAVESCENS Nutt. JUGLANDACEAE. PHORADENDRON JUNIPERINUM Em. Genus JUGLANS Linnaeus. GNETACEAE. JUGLANS CALIFORNICA S. Watson. Genus EPHEDRA Tournefort. The California black walnut is usu- EPHEDRA CALIFORNICA S. Watson. ally a small tree, growing SO to Ephedra californica Watson.—"Can- 75 feet high, 2 to 4 feet in diaine'.er, atilla" or Mountain tea, and "tepopote" bearing a roundish nut, the kernel (flde Havard), are names applied to M7 California Art & Nature 148

several of the genus Ephedra. "They The big cone pine is a tree l-2i^ feet are popular remedies among Mexicans in diameter and 50 or more feet high, and frontiersmen in the treatment of occurring above 5,000 feet usually, syphilis and gonorrhot^a, especially the from Mount Diablo to the Catalina latter. The decoction or infusion of mountain and on the mountains north- the stems has an acid reaction and an east of Ensenada in Dower California. astringent taste resembling that of The cones are long, oval pointed, 10-14 tannin. It is used as an injection and inches long and 4 or 5 inches in diame- internally; some caution should be ob- ter, yellowish brown, persistent for served as it has been known to cause many years on the tree, the scales with strangury." (Dr. V. Havard, vide a very stout, long incurved point (some- Prcc. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 504.) The times 2 inches long.) Dr. Havard refers to are E. species PINUS PONDEROSA Dougl. C. A. and E. antisyphilitica Meyer The yellow pine is a noble tree, one of but the same remarks trifurca Torrey, the largest known, 2CO-300 feet high and well to our Cal- seem to apply equally 12-15 feet in diameter at times, with It is often used as a iiornian species. leaves in threes. 5 to even 11 inches substitute for and is scarcely dis- tea, long. "Throughout the San Bernardino in for an tinguishable taste, except range, the San Jacinto and Cuyamaca not after-flavor, unpleasant, reminding mountains, forming the greater part of one of tea. It is in slightly catnip the coniferous forest," says Parish reiio-.vn as a blood purifier and ^reat (Zoe., 4:351.) -have volunteered to me their many PINUS JEFFREYI Murr. that it was "better than sar- opinion The Jeffrey or black pine is a tree 75 and without an equal. I have .'laparilla" feet high, trunk 3 feet in diameter, usu- never heard of unpleasant effects fol- ally found in the mountain valleys near its use. It is a valuable seda- lowing small streams, extending into Lower tive. and analyses prove Experiments California. Credited to the Cuyamaca it to be not superior to E. antisyphilit- mountain. ica—which already has a place among American drues. PINUS LAMBERTIANA Lam. The sugar pine attains at times a NEVADENSIS S. Watson. EPHEDRA 300 a diameter of 8 EPHEDRA OX\OARPA Engelm. height of feet and EPHEDRA TRIFURCA Torr. to 20 feet, with light brown smoothish bark, splitting in small sections. The CO^TIFSBAE. bright brown cylindrical cones are 1 to 1% feet long, 3-4 inches wide, on pe- Genns jrXIPEPVS I.? una ens. duncles 3 inches in length, containing JUNIPERUS CALIFORNICUS Carr. smooth, black seeds % inch long. "The Genns LliiOCEDRUS Endl. exundation from the partially burned tree loses its resinous qualities and ac- d ].. df ciirreds Torrey. Or 251 quires a sweetness similar to that of Gems PIXl'S Tournefort. sugar or manna, for which it is some- i'lNUS J'iUniCATA Don. times used, whence the name of sugar A small pine, growing near San Isi- pine." (Watson, Botany of California, dro, in Lower Califoi-nia, not known 2:123). The sugar which I have col- from San Diego county, is found, only lected from trees in the Cuyamaca near the coast, as far north as Mendo- mountains was very sweet, fine grained cino—where it grows 50 to 80 or 120 feet and white as snow. high. At San Isidro trees only 3 feet PINUS MONOPHYLLA T. & G. high were perfecting cones, which are PINUS PARRYANA Engelm. said to persist over 30 years on the tree, The pinone tree, peculiar to South- '^he leaves are in pairs. The cones are ern and Lower California, but most sessile, ovate, about 3 inches long, with abundant on the table lands near the Ftout prickles on the outside. The international boundary, is a very cones occurring in whoils around the graceful and symmetrical tree, 20-?.0 stem, and remaining closed for many feet high, 10-18 inches in diameter, dis- years, are one of the curiosities of Cal- tinguished by the 3-5 (mostly 4) leaves ifornia botany. in a sheath, 1%-1% inches long. The with a thin 1 INUS COULTER! Don. oval seeds, 5-8 lines long, 149 California Art & Nature. i5ci light-brown mottled shell, are delicious of the north, and for many yearj treat- in flavor, either roasted or fresh, and ed as a variety—as it should probably In a good season are collected in im- still be treated. mense quantities by the Indians for Genus ABIES L.luk. food. These nuts in a roasted condi- ABIES CONCOLOR Lindl. tion are not rare in San Diego mar- kets, and often exported in quantities, Genus CUPRESSLS Toiirnefort. being considered quite a luxury with CUPRESSUS GUADALUPFNSIS S. Wat. some. Unlike the other nut pines, the The blue cypress is a handsome, slen- tree is very ornamental when properly der tree, 40 to possibly 60 feet high, grown, and forms a worthy monument with beautiful exfoliating reddish bark to the botanist of the Mexican bound- and glaucous foliage, first discovered ary survey of 1850—Dr. Charles Chris- on Guadalupe island, and later found topher Parry—in whose honor the in rocky canyons near Ensenada, on specie is named. the mainland. It proves not rare in PINUS RADIATA Don. (P. insismis, Lou- some of the canyons near the inte na- don.) Monterey pine; a popular tree for Cali- tional boundary, and Perish rdcords it fornia planting. in "ravines near the Old Mission, San PINUS SABINIANA Dougl. Gray-leaf pine; Diego, not abundant" (Zoe., 4:352). It^ one of the nut or the pines, "Digger Pine," graceful habit and growth large seeds of which were formerly used for compact productive. A vigorous grower, makes it One of the most ornamental or more, the main stems often with a circum- species in the genus. ference of 50 feet." CLTRESSUS MAOROCARPA Hartwe?. Mon- PINUS TORREYANA Parry. terey cypress, a familiar hsdge-<;re9 In Cali- The Soledad pine was for many years fornia, cones the largest of the genu's, about an inch thick. believed an exclusive resident of tlife Genus THUYA Tournefort. suburban parts of San Diego, occurring Nn^t. on the hills the sea near Del THI^YA GIGANTEA facing Genns CHAMAECYPARTS Spaeli. Mar. A second small has been grove CHAMAECYPARIS LAWS^NL^ NA Pa" - discovered on Santa Rosa island. lat. Where most exposed it forms a low, Cupressus lawsoniana Arrir Mut in n 1:5<>2 t 9 scraggly shrub, 2 or 3 feet high only at Edinb New Phil J sr, CJ?-Ap 18c5). times, but spereading over a wide area; Genus TSUGA Carriere. at its best estate it forms a small, TSUGA MERTEN~I*NA Car^. graceful tree 20 to 30 feet high, a foot Genus PICEA UnU. or more in diameter. The very stout PIOEA SITCHENSIS Carr. leaves are 8 by 11 inches long, 5 in a Tx9lXACEAE. sheath. The edible seeds, 8-11 lines Genus TORREYA Arnott. long, with a very hard shell, produced TORREYA CALIFORNICA Torr. in an ovate cone, 4-5 inches long and Genus TAXUS Tournefort. nearly as great diameter. TAXUS BREVIFOLIA Nutt. GenuM SEtlUOIA Endl. ORCHIDACEAE. SEQUOIA GIGANTEA Lindl & Gordon. The Genus EPIPACTIS HJiller. Giant Redwood, or "Big Tree" of California— Dougl. the largest tree known in the world. EPIPACTIS GIGANTEA SEQUOIA SEMPERVIRENS Endl. Red- Genins CYPRIPEDIIJM Linnaeus. wood, "one of the most colossal trees of the CYPRIPEDIUM MONTANI'M Doug". globe." Genus HABENARIA Wilia. Genus PSEUDOTSUGA Carriere. Lem. HABENARIA COOPERI S. Watson. PSEUDOTSUGA MACROCARPA HBEN"'nA ELEGANS B-'a-d^''. P.^eudotsuga macirocarpa, so named HABBRNARIA LEUCOSTACHYS S. "W. by Prof Lemmon in the third Cal. For. HABENARIA UNALASCHENSIS S. tree Watson. report, IsC is a "rather irregular IRIDACEAE. 150 feet high, 4 feet in trunk diameter. SISYRINCHIUM liinnaeus. Bears light crops of cones, the reported Genus exceptional." It was SISYRINCHIUM BELLLM S. Watson. fecundity perhaps CALIFORNICUM Ait. found between Banner and SISYRINCHIUM originally Genus IRIS Tournefort. in San Diego county, where it Julian, IRIS MACROSIPHON Torr. forms one of the most beautiful of AMARYLLIDACEAE. and grace. trees, perfect in symmetry Genus AGAVE Linnaeus. It is nearly allied to the Douglas spruce 151 California Art & Nature. 152

AGAVE DESERTI Engelm. capsule triangular, narrowly oblong. A.GAVE PRINGLEI Engelm. Southern Utah and Northern Arizona AGaVE SHAWII Bngeimann. Very com- (Mrs. E. P. Thompson); April and May. pact, dark olive-green leaves, margined v/ith The bulbs, as of other species, are eaten stout spines. PecuHar to the coast regiDn of by the Indians."—S. Watson, Amer. Natl., Southern and Lower California. vii 7 (Mav. 1*".'^'>. CALOCHORTUS FUSCUS Schult. LILIACEAE. CALOCHORTUS GREEXEI S. Watsen. BKHRTA TENrn-'LORA Greene. Grassy CALOCHORTUS GUNNISONI S. Watson leaves about a foot long; flowers tubular, CALOCHORTUS KENNEDYI Porter. borne in an umbel, the stamens much ex- CALOCHORTUS LEICHTLINII Hook, J. serted. brilliant scarlet in color, reminding one CALOCHORTUS LILACINUS Kellogg. somewhat of Brevoortia Ida-Maia. A Mexi- CALOCHORTUS LONGEBARBATUS can bulb nearly allied to Bessera ele:jans. CALOCHORTUS LUTEUS Dougl. G<^iins iljUVM LiniiaeTi.s. CALOCHORTUS LYONI S. ^^-atson. Ar^LTT^M ACUMINATUM Hook. "Near C. nitidus; stems branchmg and ALUTUM ATTENT'IFOLIUM Kellogg. somewhat flexuous, 1-2° high, bearing sev- ALLIUM CRISPUM Greene. eral leaves and 2-4 or more solitary tl.: ALLIUM DICHLAMYDEUM Greene. sepals naked, acute; petals lilac or pur- ALLIUM FIMBRIATUM S. Watson. with a darker p. sparingly brown- plish, the ALLIUM HAT<:MAT0CFIT0X Watson. villous spot at base surrounding gland, 12-20" long: The mesas and hil's around San Diego are short-oblong hairy anthers , obtuse, 1 decided in springtime with the clusters of oblong-elliptical W capsule elliptical, brisrht purplish-tin'od flTwers of this wild long: narrowly 1' Los nnibn, which deserves a prettier name at the obtuse, 3-winged, nearly long. California; collected on hards of its friends. Tt does not prove qu'te Angeles County, hills near Los S. in New but will enough Angeles by W. Lyon and hardy Fngland. ^Ive Dr. and at Newhall Dr. Ti'easure for the cost of growing in the house Gray, by Gray, in 1SK5."—S. Proc. pT*ion^ its mT-e sh-^wy cousins. Watson, Am. Acad., xxl. 455 (June 2. 1886). ALLIUM LA^'UNOSUM S. Watson. CAT OCHORTUS ALLIUM PARVUM Kellogg. MA'^ROCARPUS Dougl. ALLII^M PEKTNST'LARE Lemmon. CALOCHORTUS MAWEANUS Lelchtl ALLIUM SFRRATT'M S. Watson. CALOCHORTUS MONOPHTLLUS Lem. ALLIUM UNIFOLIUM Kellogg. CALOCHORTUS NITIDUS Dougl. CAT ncpTDPTT^R NTTnFS S. Watson. Genus >n:iLL,A S. Watson. CALOCHORTUS NUTTALLII Torr-Gray, MUILLA CORONA TA Greene. CALOCHORTT^S OBISPOENSIS Lemn. MUILLA MARITIMA S. Watson. CALOCHORTL^S PALMERI S. Watson. Genns CALOCHORTUS Pupsli. CAT,nrwoT?T^TTS PLUMMERAE Greene. CALOCHORTUS PULCHELLUS Dougl. CALOCHORTUS APICULATUS Bak. CALOCHORTUS PUSILLUS Dougl. CALOCHORTUS ALBUS Dougl. r-ALOCHORTUS SPLENDENS Dougl. CALOCHORTUS AUREUS S. Watson. CALOCHORTUS TOLMIEI Hook-Am. "T,ow. 4-fi' hifrh. with a single linear O^LOCHORTTTR UMBELL.ATUS Wood. pnrinate radicfi! leaf. 3-4' long; scape CALOCHORTUS UNIFLORUS Hook-Arn ."hort. 1-2-flowered. the single pair ot Green*. • CALOCHORTUS VENUSTULUS ^racts linear, 2' long: sepals greenish VENUSTUS Dougl. -y.. w th a rear *he base, ob- CALOCHORTUS dark-p. spr' CALOCHORTUS VESTITUS Benth. lonfT—or ovatp-lancco'att: petals broadly Wood. cuneale. 15" long, bright-y.. with a CALOCHORTUS WEEDII —nji v.'ell-defined circular densely hairy Geuns CAMASSIA Lin€ll. gland near the base and a lunate p'lrplist CAMASSIA ESCULENTA Lindl. : ot •"'ove it: young capsule narrowly ob- CAMASSIA FRASERI Torr. long, not winged. On sand-cliffs. Southern CAMASSIA LEICHTLINII S. WataoB. Jtah (Mi.^. E. P. Thompson) : June."— Genns ERYTHRONIUM Llnnaeaa. r. Watson. Amer. Natl., vii. 7 (May, 1873). T A. r.^-xTOnTT^S RARNARDI Douarl. ERYTHRONIUM ALBIDUM Nutt. CAT OCHORTUS BENTHAMT Baker. ERYTHRONIUM AMERICANUM Kr-Ql ' ALO'T^IORTUS BONPLANDIANUS Sht ERYTHRONIUM GIGANTEUM Lindl. CALf^CHORTUS CAERULEUS S. Wat. ERYTHRONIUM GRANDIPLORUM CALOCHORTUS CATALTNAE S. Wat. ERYTHRONIUM HARTWEGI S. Wat. CALOCHORTUS CITRINUS Baker. ERYTHRONIUM NUTTALLIANUM • 'ALOCHORTUS CLAVATUS S. Watson ERYTHRONIUM PROPULLANS A. Qry CALOCHORTUS DOUGLASIANUS Sht. ERYTHRONIUM PURPURASCENS CALOCHORTUS ELEGANS Pursh. ERYTHRONIUM REVOLUTUM Bak«r < ALf^C.iOi T'S FLAVUS Schult. Genua FRITILLrARiA Linnaeus. CALOCHORTUS FLEXUOSUS S. Wats. "Branched and flexuous above; bracts FRITILLARIA ATROPURPUREA Nutt a'terrate ^-Vi' long. linear-lanceo- FRITILLARIA BIFLORA Lindl. late. cari!;ate. rather rigid; sepals oblong- FRITILLARIA LANCEOLATA Pursh Inncpolnte, greenish with a deep-p. and FRITILLARIA LILIACEA Lindl. 'nnge or p. gland above, the glandular FRITILLARIA MULTIFLORA KeIlo»». 'ireate, 12-iy long, purplish, with a FRITILLARIA PARVIFLORA Torr. reen-p. claw and an Ill-defined circular FRITILLARIA PLURIFLORA Torr. orfinge or p. gland above, the glandular FRITILLARIA PUDICA Spreng. Mairs extending laterally to the margin; FRITILLARIA RECURVA Benthi - <53 California Art & Nature. 154 Geniis BRODIAEA Smith. ZYGADENUS ELEGANS Pursh. BRODIAEA BRIDGESII S. Watson. ZYGADENUS FREMONTII Torr BRODIAEA CAPITATA Benth. ZYGADENUS NUTTALLII A. Gray. BRODIAEA COCCINEA A Gray. ZYGADENUS PANICULATUS S. Wat. BRODIAEA CONGESTA Sm. ZYGADENUS VENENOSUS S. Watson BRODIAEA CROCEA S. Watson. Genus NOLINA Miclix. BRODIAEA DOUGLASII S. Watson. NOLINA BIGBLOVII S. Watson. BRODIAEA FILIFOLIA S. Watson. NOLINA BIGBLOVII Waison. Leaves flart. BRODIAEA GRACILIS S. Watson. an inch BRODIAEA GRANDIPLORA Smith. rough margined, or more wide; with age attains a height of eight or ten feet; pro- S. Watson. BRODIAEA HOWELLII duces heavy panicles of small whitish flowers. BRODIAEA IXIOIDES S. Watson. NOLINA PALMERI S. Watson. S. BRODIAEA DACTEA Watson. NOLINA PARRYI S. Watson. BRODIAEA LAXA S. Watson. Genus YUCCA Liunneus. BRODIAEA LBMMONAE S. Watson. BRODIAEA MINOR S. Watson. YUCCA ALOIFOLIA Linn. BRODIAEA MULTIFLORA Benth YUCCA BREVIFOLIA Engelm. HOOKERA, ORCUTTII Greene. YUCCA FILAMENTOSA Linn. "Adam's "Scape stout, 1° or more high; leaves Needle;" produces tall spikes of snowy white, linear, flat or conduplicate, not terete; bell-shaped flowers; very beautiful, and fur- pedicles 5-15 I 1-2' long; perianth-seg- nishes a fiber of great strength. ments oblong-lanceolate, twice the length YUCCA FILIFERA Chabaud. One of tihe of the short tube; free portion of the tallest of the genus; flower stalk over 20 feet filaments about 2" long, the linear anthers high, bearing a panicle of drooping, showy, white nearly as long; staminodia wanting (?)." flowers. —Greene, Bull. Gal. Acad. Sci., ii. 138 YUCCA MACROCARPA Engelm. (Nov. 13, 1886). YUCCA MOJAVENSIS Sargent. BRODIAEA PEDUNCULARIS S. Wat. The datile, or wil.1 date, of the Mexi- BRODIAEA STBLLARIS S. Watson. BRODIAEA TERRESTRlS Kellogg. cans, better known to Americans as th," Genus TKIL.L

having the thick and fleshj^ appendage at ELEOCHARIS CAPITATA R. Br. the base of the tilament smooth instead ELEOCHARIS PALUSTRIS R. Br. of papillose, and obtuse at the summit ELEOCHARIS ARENICOLA Torrey. Instead of bicuspidat^e, and in the much ELEOCHARIS ACICULARIS R. Br. shorter style, which is shorter than the Genns SCIRPLS. Linnaeus. ovary. On the mesas near San Die^o, Cal- ifornia; first collected by D. Cleveland, m SCIRPUS LACUSTRIS Linn. 1874, and recently received from him ana Variety OCCIDENTALIS S. Watson. from C. R. Orcutt."—S. Watson, Proc. SCIRPUS MARITIMUS Linn. Am. Acad., xx. 376 (Feb. 21, 1885>. SCIRPUS RIPARIUS Spreng. BLOOMERIA MONTANA Greene. SCIRPUS OLNEYI A. Grav. SCIRPUS Linn. "Corm 1' broad: leaf solitary: scape 2° SYLVATICUS Variety DIGYNUS Borck. high, stout and scabrous: bracts numer- lanceolate: pedicels 30-50 1-2' SCIRPUS PUNGENS Vahi. ous, SCIRPUS SETACEUS Linn. long: perianth rotate, 1' in diameter: ap- pendage at base of filament 1" long, its Genns HEMICAR.PHA IVees. lateral cusps subulate-filiform, % as long HEMICARPHA SUBSQUARROSA Nees. as the filaments: anthers linear, IV2" Genus CAREX Linnaeus. long, attached almost at the very base, but versatile."—Greene, Bull. Cal. Acad. CAREX PRESCOTTIANA Boott. Sci., ii. 10-11 (Dec. 14, 1885). Carex taibarae Dewey, ex Torr in bot LEUCOCRINUM MONTANUM Nutt. Mex bound 231. SMILACEAE. CAREX STRICTA Good. Carex angustata Boott in Hcok Fl Bor SMILAX CALIFORNICA A. Gray. Am 2218. POWTEDEIIIACEAE. CAREX FILIFORMIS Linn. Variety LATIFOLIA Boeckl. SCIIOLLERA GRAMINIFOLIA Willd. CAREX MARCIDA Boott. AKACEAE. CAREX MURICATA Linn. LYS CHITON KAM£CHATCENSIS Sch. Variety AMERICANA Bailey. CAREX MULTICAULIS L. Bailey, TYPHACEAE. CAREX LACINIATA Boott. SPARGANIUM EURYCARPUM E. CAREX PSEUDOCYPERUS L. ^' GenuM TVPHA Tonriiefort. Variety COMOSA Boott. SICCATA TYPHA ANGUSTIFOLIA Linn. CAREX Dewey. TYPHA LATIFOLlA Linn. CAREX TRIQUETRA Boott. LEMNACEAE. JUNCACEAS. Gennj* I.E33XA Linuaens. Genus JUNCUS Linnaeu». Linn. JUNCUS NUDOSUS Linn. LEMNA MINOR Variety MEGACEPHALUS LEMNA TRISULOA Linn. JUNCUS OXYMERIS Torrey. VALDIVIANA Phil. Engelm. LEMNA JUNCUS PHAEOCEPHALUS Engelm. NAIADACEAE. Variety GLOMERATUS Engelmann. LILAEA SUBULATA H. B. K. JUNCUS BALTICUS Willd. ZANNICHELLIA PALUSTRIS Linn. JUNCUS BUFONIUS Linn. liUPPIA MARITIMA Linn. JUNCUS DUBIUS Engelm. ZOSTERA MARINA Linn. JUNCUS LESUERII Boland. Geiin.s NAIAS Lilunaens. JUNCUS LONGISTYLES Torr. JUNCUS ROBUSTUS S. Watson. NAIAS FLEXILIS R-S. JUNCUS XIPHIOIDES Mey. NAIAS MAJOR Allione. Gtnus TRIGLOCHIX Llnnnens. PALMAE. TRIGLOCHIN MARITIMUM Linn. Genus BRYTHEA S. \%^atson. Geuns POTAMOGETON Tournefort. The Tecos grandes is the fruit of the POTAMOGETON PECTINATUS Linn. beautiful blue palm of Lower Cali- I OTAMOGETON LUCENS Linn. fornia, and forms an important article POTAMOGETON NATANS Linn. of food with the Indians, ripening in POTAMOGETON PUSILLUS Linn. July and August. The fruit is the AUSMACEAE. size of a common marble, with sweet ECHINODORUS ROSTRATUS Engelm. mealy pulp surrounding the large stone SAGITIARIA CALYCINA E. (. % inche in diameter). The tree grows CYPERACEAE. 40 feet high, bearing its fan-shaped, Genus CVPERUS Linnaeus. glaucous leaves in a very graceful CYPERUS ARISTATUS Rottb. manner. This palm was first found, CYPERUS DIANDRI^S Torrey. in the Cantillas canyon. Lower Cali- CYPERUS ESCULENTUS Linn. CYPERUS VIRENS Michx. fornia, which opens out onto the Colo- CYPP^RUS LAEVIGATUS Linn. rado derest, by Dr. Edward Palmer. CYPERUS MTCHAUXIANUS Schult. Dr. J. N. Rose has since found it in CYPERUS OCCIDENTALIS Torr. Mexico, east of Mazatlan, I believe. Genns ELEOCHARIS R. Brown The seeds require from six months to 157 California Art & Nature. 158 three years in which to germinate— Prof. C. 8, Sargent considered the prior sug- the older seeds germinating more gestion in a newspaper (Winsl. in California of the name quickly than when fresh from the Farmer, Sept. 18&4) Washingtonia insufficient cause lor the aban- tree. I have had them germinate for Sequoia as its The action of Britton and readily when over ten years old. donment of use. Brown seems even less and would ERYTHEA EDULIS Watson. Justifiable ERYTHEA EDULIS Watson. The Guada- cause the present writer to hesitate about ac- lupe Island Palm; "of equal decorative value cepting any changes proposed by them until and of far to 'Latanla borbomdca, much hardier, after careful investigation of the need. more rapid development." WASHINGTONIA SONORAE S. Watson. Lablll. The ARENGA SACCHARIFERA S. Watson, Am ac pr 24:79 (1889). Sugar Palm, of India; the juice is converted "A tree Aft ft in diam.: into toddy or sugar; the young kernels made )eaching.5°inheight leaves3or4°in diam.,simewhatgl^" in the longest diniu. Jack Fruit, of the Malay Islands; attains a weight of 50 pounds. Neowashmgtonia toncrae Rose, Contr CHAMABROPS EXCELSA Thunb. The U S Na Hb 5:255. hardiest of all palms; had stood three degrees WASHINGTONIA FILIFERA Wendl. The above zero F. without protection; beautiful popular Californian fan palm; a hardy and fan-shaped leaves. magnificent species of the desert region of CHAMAEROPS HtJMILIS Linn. The dwarf Southern California. fan palm of southern Europe; very ornamen- The California fan palm, bearing and for scenic tal, eligible effect; hardy. great clusters of small black berries, JUBABA SPECTABILIS Humboldt. The the clusters weighing 10 to 20 pounds tall and stout Coquito Palm of Chili; hardy; yields small edible kernels; a kind of treacle is each, furnished the desert Indians obtained from the sap; leaves sometimes 10 ft. with a most important article of food, long. equal to that of the pinon nuts to the OREODOXA REGIA Humboldt. The Royal in val- Palm, "the Glory of the Mountains;" the mountain tribes, ranking next grandest of the pinniate leaved palms. ue to the mesquite bean. The berries PHIBNIX DACTYLIPERA Linn. have a thin, very sweet, and pleasant The well known date palm of northern flavored which palate might Africa and Arabia, is often planted for pulp, any quick tropical effect in Southern Califor- appreciate. nia, where space permits its luxuriant WASHINGTONIA ROBUSTA Wendl. growth. On the Colorado Desert and in Arizona this palm has been planted more A favorite strong growing variety of flliferi. extensively, with a promise of becoming of commerrial importrnce for its fruit. GRAMINEAE. PTYCHOSPERMA ELEGANS Blume. Genus ARISTIt) A Linnaeus. Leaves 2 to 10 feet in length, widely known under the name of Seaforthia elegans, R. Br. A. ameiicana L f THRINAX ARGENTEA Lodd. One of the — f rizonica Vasey most elegant of fan palms, the under part of — the leaves shining like satin; native of scabra Kunth Panama. —divaricata HBK Genns WASHINGTONIA Wendlaniil. A. DISPKKSA Trin. HBK. "42. He unites the genus Myrrhip, Mx. with A. bromoides Cherophyllum; the Ch. claytoni of Persoon A. purpurea Nutt. var. ' is however made a ScandiX by Muhlenberg! A. orcuttiana Vasey that it to neither which proves belongs gene- A. CALIKORNICA Thurber. but to be erroneous ta, Myrrhis happens also, 2556 Valle de las Tres Virgenes, near Santa similar to a previous by being Amyris, genus, Rosalia; one of the common forage grasses. whence several names have been proposed Mar. 18, 1899. for Gonathc- it, Washingtonia, Osmorhiza, 2557 Near Calmalli, not rare, Mirch 3. but these arc not yet the sec- rus; published; 25.58 «anto Domingo, February 20. is the best."—*'C. S. in ond perhaps R[afin.]." 2559 NearM ssion Santa Gertrudis Mur. 10 American monthly magazine, ii. 176 (1818). A V Vasey Review of "Pursh's Flora of North America,;" fngitiva V Britton and Brown deemed the above a suf- major Vasey Linnaeus. ficient publication to justify discarding the GenuM BROMVS established name Osmorhiza lat,er adopted by BROMUS ORCUTTIANUS Vasey. Shear. the writer of the above review— Vai-. GRANDIS necessitating BROMUS CILIATUS L. the coining of yet another name for our Calif- BROMITS RUBENS L. ornian genus of palms (Neowasliingtouia). BROMUS CARINATUS H-A. 139 California Art & Nature 160 Var. CALlFORNICrS Shear. Robust, 6-12 dm high, panicle much Bromus californieua Nutt in Phila. ac. elongated, 2-4 dm long; branches mostly 6-12 at the lower whorls, weak and Toaos Santcs bay, Baja California (Miss spreading; leaves broadly linear lan- r. E. Fish). Potrero valley and San ceolate, smooth or somewhat sparsely Diego Californ a. (Orcutt 511a). pilose-pubescent, as are the sheaths. Var. KOOKERIANU3 Shear. Type from the Andes of southern Chili, BromuH hockerianur; Thurb in Wilkes U. ChoUas valley, San Diego (Orcutt 1064). S. Exp. Exfed 17: 49S (i874). Pasadena (O. D. Allen, in 1885), and San Ceratcchlo?, grand flcra Hook Fl. Bor. Nicolas Island (Balnche Trask 15), Call-. Am. 2: 253 (18:0). fornia. Bromus virens Buckl Phila. ac. pr. 18o2: BROMUS UNIOLOIDES HBK. Annual, or sometimes perennial, 3-4 ft. "Bromt'-s n'ten^J Nutt in Phila ac. herb. high, several stems from same base; Califorria, Wastying-tcn, Idaho. panicle large and spreading, spikelets BROMUS ERECTUS Huds. about 1 inch long, i/i wide, composed of BROMU3 KOKDEACEUS L. 7-13 florets overlapping each other; Bromus mollis L, Sp pi ed 2, 1:112 (1762). flowering glumes coarse in texture, Serrafalcus mollis Pari Fl Ital 1:395 strongly nerved, usually bearing a short (1S48). arm about 3 mm. long. Rescue grass. Erect or ascending annual or biennial Widely distributed in South and Central with a rather dense, erect panicle; culms America, Mexico, Southern Texas, and about 2-S dm high, usually somewhat naturalized or cultivated in the southern pubescent at tho rodes; t'hea'hs letrorse- United States, Europe, and Australia. ly soft pilose-pubescent; ligule 1.5-2 mm. Known also by the names Iverson's, lonfe*, laciniate; blades linear, pilose-pub- California prairie, Schrader's brome, and escent to nearly smooth, about 5-15 cm Arctic, grass, Australian oats, etc. long and 3-5 mm broad; panicle con- Shea.', cir 26 agr D-A, f. tracted, narrow pyramidal, 5-10 cm long, Genus HORDEIJM Linnaeus. ::-:• broad; branches somewhat spreading in f.ower; spikelets 5-13 flowered, ovate- HORDEUM ADSCENDENS HBK. lanceolp.te, becoming obtuse, 12-15 mm "A rather slender, erect, leafy annual iong, 4-6 wid^, with .'rhort pedicels; empty (?) 2 to 3 feet high, with terminal bearded g'.u.Tes broad, cb'use, coarsely pilose or spikes 3 to 4 inches long. Culms teiete, s.atrous-pubescent, the lower 3-5-nerved, smooth, shining; nodes smooth, o*- the 4-Q inm long, the upper 5-7-nerved, 7-8 southern part of San Diego county, Cal., mm long; f owe ring glume broad, obtuse, lower ones minutely puberulent; shea*hg 7-nerved, coarsely pilose or scabrous- shorter than the internodes, the lower pubescent, rather deeply bidentate, mar- smooth, striate; ligule membranous, gin and apex hyaline, 8-9 mm long; awn ones densely pubecent. the upper rati-ei' stout, rough, fattened tov/ard the rounded, entire, about 1 line long; leaf bao s'raght at first, frequently some- blades rather rigid, 3 to 6 inches long, 2 what twisted when old, about 6-9 mm to ? lines wide, stiiate, scabrous, gradual- loner; ralea a little more than % the ly nar;owed to the pungently tipped apex. length of its glume. Axis of the spike compressed, scabrous or Southern Europe; introduced sparingly subciliate on the margins, the joints about from Maine to Virgin a, abundantly on 1 line long. Empty giumes setaceous, tho Pr.ciflc coast, frcm Washington, to rounded on the back, sulcate on the inuor Lo-; Angeles, California. face below, scabrous, those of the central BROMUS MAXIMUS Desf. spikelet about 1 inch long, those of the Typo from northern Africa. Stanford lateral spike'ets a little shorter; flowering of the central 5 University (C. Hitter 305), California. glume spikelet i^/2 to lines Var. GUSSONI Pari. long, scabrous; palea about as long as the Bromup ETUssonl Pari Rar. PI. Sic. 2: glume, scabrous on the keel above. Pro- of the rachllla r. (84 ). longation awn-like, and Bromus sterilis Gus Fl. Sic. Prod. two-thirds as long as the palea. Lateral the Suppl. 1: 27 (1832). sp'kelcts neutral, pedicellate third glume about 3 to 314 lines Earger than the type, 4-7 dm. tall, long, scabrous, subulate-pointed.—H B K., Nov. Gen. larger and more lax panicle, 1-2 dm. long, 1, 180. from H. nodosum with the upper part somewhat drooping. Distinguished by its taller habit of attenuate Arizna, California, Washington. In- growth, and cutt 1059). pungently pointed leaves, longer spike- trodrced. San lets and longer-awned glumes, the empty Diego, California (Or- ones BROMUS TRINII Desv. being flattened or sulcate on the in- ner face and not terete throughout. Trisstum hirtum Trin Linnaea 10:300 Abundant (1835). along irrigation ditches near Trire'um barbatum Steud Syn PI Gram Glendale, Ariz. No. 2522 C. R. Orcutt, April 30, 1896."—Scribner & Smith, b 4, p 229 (1S54). D-A Bromu.n barbatoides Beal Grass N A 24, agr (6 F 1897). 2:614 (1896). AGROPYRON PARISHII Scribner & California; Co'orado; Chili. Smith. Va-. PALLIDIFLORUS Etesv. "Culms 2 to SVi feet high, with flat Bromui barbatoridea sulcatus Beal leaves and erect or nodding spikes 6 to 12 gras? N A 2:615 (1896). Inches long. Culms cylindrical, glabrous, Trisetum barbatum major Vasey In striate, or smooth and shining below; herb; Beal Grass N. A. 2:615 (1896). nodes tumid, retrorsely pubescent; leaC, I6i California Art & Nature i6i sheaths striate, pubescent below, and PI. 2: 767 (1891). ciliate sparingly along the margins, the Ixophorus glaucus Nash Torr hot. cl. b. basal ones shorter, the upper longer than 22:423 (1895). the internodes; ligule membranous, very- short; leaf blade constricted at the base, HALORACEAE. smooth on the back, scabrous above and Genus HIPPURIS Linnaeus. on the margins, 2 to 3 lines wide, linear HIPPURIS VULGARIS L. attenuate to the acute apex, the lower "Springing from a perennial roo's-OCK, culm leaves 6 to 9 inches, and the upper- with annual, simple, erect stems and most 1 to 2 inches. Spike of 8 to 12 com- whorls of 6-12 cr more l-ner.ed linear 01 pressed oblanceolate spikelets. Spikelets lanceolate leaves which are more or less 6- to 7-flowered, 8 to 10 lines long, shorter decayed (sphacelated) at the tips, and 10- than the internodes of the rachis, which 20 mm long by 1-3 mm broad. Stamens Is scabrous on the margins; empty glumes with short, thick filaments and compara- two-thirds as long as the spikelets, nearly tively large 2-celled anthers, which de- hisce equal, linear, acute or acum.inate, 5-neiv- laterally. Fruit oval, or somewhat ed, scarious on the margins; flowering 4-sided, hollow in the interior, 2 or 3 mni long, glume lanceolate, acute, 41/2 to 514 lines stigmas persistent. Common in long, flattened on the back below, promi- Arctic j^merica and Canada. It occurs al- so in nently 5-nerved above, and scabrous to- Moosrehead Lake, Man? (Porte ), ward the minutely 3-toothed awnless or west to Oregon, and thence to California short-awned apex. Awn, when present, (Parish) and New Mexico. Mr. Sa^ord sends it from the Straits straight, slender, 3 to 4 lines long. In- of Magella i, and it is ternodes of the rachilla 1 line mi- common in Europe and Central long, Asia."— nutely pubescent. Palea as long as the Morong, Torr hot cl b 18:231. glume, acute or obtuse. Represented in OPHIOCILOSSACEAE. the National Herbarium by specimens collected by S. B. Parish in Waterman's Genus OPHIOGLOSSUJU LinnneuN. Canon, San Bernardino Mountains, Cali- OPHIOGLOSSUM NUDICAULE Linn. f. fornia, at an altitude of 3,000 No. June feet, 2,054, 28, 18S8, and No. 2238, June 23, 1891. FILICES. This species apparently connects Agropy- Genus POL,YPODIU!>il ron with Brachypodium. The habit is Linnaeus. similar to that of A. Arizonicum. It is POLYPODIUM CALIFORNICUM Kaulf. the only American species with pubescent culm Genus GY3IXOGRAi\JiME Ile.'iv. nodes."—Scribner & Smith, b 4, p 28 D-A agr (6F 1897). GYMNOGRAMME TRIANGULARIS Klf. Variety LAEVB Scribner & Smith. Genn.s NOTHOLAENA E, "With the habit of the species, but the Brown. culm nodes and leaf sheaths glabrous; NOTHOLAENA CALIFORNICA Eaton. awns as long or longer than the flower ng NOTHOLAENA NEWBERRYI Eaton. glumes. Type in the Gray herbarium No. NOTHOLAENA PARRYI Eaton. 414, Dr. Edward Palmer, collected at Genus CHEILAXTHES Swartz. Fowley's Cuyamaca Mountains, in the 1875."— Scribner & Smith, C 4, p 28, D-A CHEIL/NTHES C.VLIF0K::ICA Mett. agr (6 F 1897). CIIEILANTHES CLEVELANDI Baton. Genus CHEILANTHES COOPBRAE Enton. SPOROBOLUS R. Brown. CHEILANTHES FTBRILLOSA DavnDt. S. HUMIPERUS HBK. CHEILANTHES MYRIOPHYLLA Desv. CHEILANTHES PARISHII Davenport. 2579 Batamotal, near Guaymas, Sonora, Mr. CHEILANTHES VISCIDA 24. Davenport. Genus PEX,L,AEA Link. S. ALTISSIMUS Vasey PELLABA ANDROMBDAEFOLIA Fee, "Culm 4-5° high, simple; leaves lon-r, PELL ABA ORNITHOPUS Hook. PELLABA WRIGHTIANA Hook. slender, becoming involute; panicle 6-8^ Genus PTERIS liinuaens. long, narrow, the br-^nches erect, scat- PTERIS Linn. tered or partly verticillate, 3-4^ long, AQUILINA Gei:us ADIAKTDM LinuKens. subdivided and flower-bearing from near the about \" ADIANTUM CAPILLIS-VENERIS Linn. base; spikelets i-flowered, ADIANTUM BMARGINATUM Hook. long; emoty glumes— unequal and nt arly ADIA.NTUM PBDATUM Linn. as in S. airoides fi'om which it differs in Genus WOODWARDIA Smltli. and closer as its greater heiglit, panicle, WeODWARDIA RADICANS Smith. well as in details of the fl. Core-"ted at rare " Ch.iin fern; fionds 4-S° high, not San Diego by Dr Edward Palmer — along perennial strealns. Proc Cal. Acad. II. ii. 212. Brandegee, Genus ASPLEMIM Linnaeus. V. minor Vasey:— 'Smaller, 2-3° high; ASPLENIUM FILIX-FOEMINA Bernh. leaves shorter; panicle 4-6^ Icng, purple; ASPLENIUM TRICHOMANES Linn. CHAELOCHl/OA GLAUCA Scribn. Genus WOODSIA R. Brown. Betaria glauca Beauv Agrost 51 (1812). Panicum, glaucum L. sp. PI 56 (1763). WOODSIA MEXICANA Pee. Chamaeraphis glauca Kuntze Bev. (3en. T\'OODSIA OREGANA Eaton.

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Califori^ia ^rt & Nature

Art & Nature Company, publis/icrs, No. S6S ijlh st., San Dirgo, California^ o? ¥f^ T August, 1902.

CACTACEAE. tus (the 2 latter of doubtful value); and Peireskieae, including Peireskia and Mai- huenia. Many people who have been acquaint- ed only with the prickly pear and the Genus ANHALONIUM Leniaire. cholla cactus of the — plains perhaps A. AREOLOSUM Lem. to the detriment of their will epidermis, A. ASELLIFORME Web. be surprised to learn that over one A. elongatum S, is prismaticum. to thousand valid species exist, which A. fissipedum Monv, is sulcatum. more than three thousand names have ANHALONIUM FISSURATUM E. been applied by botanists and horti- Anhalonium E-ngelmanni Lemaire Cact culturists. 42 (1868). The following is a nearly complete Living Rack, found in Texas and Mexico. "Upper and exposed part of tubercle trian- list of known species, and a lew syno- gular in outline, convex, carinate and almost nyms are also given. Descriptions of all smooth below, convex and variousJy fissured will be published eventually we hope, and thereby verrucosa above, sharp and cre- but this contains much never published, nate on the edges."— Engelmajnn. A. furfuraceum "Wat, is prismaticum. at least in English, and in this form will A. jurdanianum Reb, is Echnocactus be useful to many. WiUamsii. A. kotschoubeyanum Lem, is sulcatum. Tribe ECHINOCACTEAE. A. Lewinii Hennings, is Echii.oca..tus Williamsii. Calyx tube produced beyond the ovary; stem coveredl with elongated tubercles or A. PRISMATICUM Lem. rits, rarely leafy (except when yo mg). S mple, top flatte ed or depressed, Karl Schumann, in his monograph, rec- more .arely hemisphaencal, center dense- ly tjmeniose, 4-8 inches in diameter, 1-2 (rarely 4) inches above pround. the large root 4-S inches below the surface witn few coarse • brous r.;ots; tubercles tri- ang lar, acute with a cartilaginous tip, or obtuse, often ending in a minute de- pr ssio or tomentose areola, spineless, the keel often with a strong shou'der, ''-3 Inches ong, often as wide, axils with lonar dense wool, vpper snrfdce stoo h or often more or less roughened: *'owe s white to rose, 1 inch long, sepals brown- ish; fruite clavate, scarier ^ how-.ee the Indians, or peyote (a name more • cor rn>nl res ricted to Echi ocact '-; Wil lams 1). The minute areolae are sometimes placed on the upper su-face of the tubercles near the end .or often ab- sent. San Luis Potosi (Orcutt 2807), where rurrerous specimens ex i b t all the variations necessary to connect sev- eral alleged species. The type of Wat- son's Mammiilaria firfuracea was col- lected at Carneros Pass, Ccahuilla (Prin- gle 2580). A. pulviiligerum I/cm, is prismaticum. A. retusum S. is prismaticum. ANHALONIUM RUNGEI Hildm. Sandy loam, in the foot of high moun- ognizes 21 genera, including Cereus, Pilo- tains. Coahuila (C. Runge). cereus, Cephalocereus, Phyilocactus, Epi- A. SULCATUM S. phyllum, Echinopsls, Echinocereus, Ech- inocactus. Me'ocactus, and Leuchtenber- A. TRIGONUM Web. gia In this tribe, in the order named, A. turbinofirme Web. a tribe for making separate Mammiilaria, A. williamsii P, is Echinocactus Willi- Pelecyphora, and Ariocarpus. Pilocereus, amsii Lem. Cephalocereus, Echinopsis, and Echino- cereus are better kept as sections of Cereus; Epiphyllum as a section of Phyi- Genus APOROCACTUS Lemaire. locactus; Ariocarpus (Anhalonium) as a A. Baumannii Lem, is Cereus Bauman- section of Mammillara His other gen- nii Lem fide KS. era are divided into 3 tribes, Rhipsalidtae, A. co'utr nus Lem, is Cereus Bau- of 3 genera—Pfeiffera, Harlota ard Rhip- mannii fide KS. salls (best treated as one); Opuntieae, of A. flagelliform-^' Lem, is Cereus flagelli- 3 genera—Opuntia, Ncpalea and Pterocac- formis Mill fide KS. Cacti.—Orcutt.

GennH ARIOCARPUS Sclieltlw. ish (lighter with age), 8-10 mm long; cen- tral Kaul Schumann revives this name in spine much larger, 20 mm long, hooked: flower and his publications, but we prefer to retain truit unknown. Type the na-re Anhalon um, wh ch has been in Heirb. Coulter. San Luis Potosi (HJs- in universal use. among botanists and chauzier of 1891). "—Coulter Cont U S Nat 3:117. horticulturists alike, for more than fifty Hb years. CACTUS DENSISPINUS Coulter. A. aselliformis Web, is Anhalonlum asel- "Globose, 7.5 cm in diameter, simple: 1 forme tubercles short,, with woolly axiis: radia. A. fissuratus KS, is Anhalonium fissur- spines about 25, erect-spreading, slendei atum. but rigid, yellow (brownish to black with A Krtschubeyarus KS. is Anhalonium age), unequal, 8-ltj mm long; centra sulcatum. spines 6, a little ionger (10-12 mm) and A. retusus Scheidw, is Anhalonium pris- straight, more rigid and darker, black maticum I, em. tipped: seeds obovate, reddish-brown, ^ A. sulcatus KS, is Anhalonium sulcatum. mm long. Type in Herb. Coulter. Sar. A. tr'gonus KS, is Anthalonium trigonum Luis Potosi (Eschauzier of 1891). Ver> A. WiMamsii Voss, is TEchinocactus Wil- easily distinguished by its dense, erecv. liamsii. spines, which so completely cover tht plant as to give It the appearance of a GeniiH ASTROPHYTUM Leinalre. large chestnut burr."—Coulter Cont U fc. Nat Hb 3:96-97. A. asterias I^em Cact 50, based on Echin- ocactus asterias. Mammillaria castanoldes, M. Wegnen, A. caprlcorne Hort, based on Echinocac- M. densispina. and M. fuscata, are prob tus capricornis. ably ail identical with this species. CACTUS ESCHAUZIERI Coulter. "Depressed-globose, 3 cm in diameter, simple: tubercles broader at base. 6-8 mm long, with naked axi s: spines all pubes- cent; radials 15-20, with dusky tips, thb lateral 10-12 mm long, the lower weakei shorter and curved, the upper shorter^ solitary central spine reddish, slendei, somewhat twisted, usually hooked up wards, 15-20 mm long: flowers red (?): fruit reddish (?), ovate, about 10 mnr long: seeds reddish, oblique-obovate, 1.2 mm long, pitted, with subventral hilum. Type in Herb. Coulter. San Luis Potos. (Eschauzier of 1891)."-Coulter Cont U fc Nat Hb 3:104. CACTUS MACULATUS Coulter, cm,, simple: t "Obovate-cylindrical, 6 by 8 cm, some- what cespitose: tuberc'es ovate, terete, 10 mm long, grooved to the base, with na- ked axils: radial spines 10 or 11. straight and spreading, rigid, blackish (becoming ashy with age), black-tipped, 12 mm long: ASTROPHYTUM MYRIOSTIGMA Lem. central spine large, more or less spotted, The Bishop's Hood; an odd and beauti- erect, 25-35 mm long: flower 13 mm long, ful spineless plant from Mexico, resem- pinkish: fruit unknown. Type in Herb. Coulter, San Luis Potosi (Eschauzier of a of carved stone. bling piece 1891)."—Coulter Cont U S Nat Hb 3:117. A. prismaticum Lem. Cact 50, error for CACTUS PRINGLEI Coulter. myriostigma. "Globose (?). 5 cm in diameter: tuber cles short-conical, about 6 mm long, with CACTUS AL.TERNATUS Coulter. very woolly axils: radial spines 18-20, se "SubgLobose, 10 cm. In diameter, simple: taceous-brlstly and radiant, 5-8 mm long, tubercles long (15-20 mm) and spreading, central spines, 5-7 (usually 6), stout ana less with woolly axils: radial spines 3, rigid horny, more or recurved, spreading andl recurved, 5 mm long; central spines 20-25 mm long; all straw-colored, but the 3, very stout and much recurved, 20-30 mm centrals darker: flowers deep red (dark long, alternating with the radials; all er, even brownish outside), 8-10 mm long: ashy colored and often twisted: flower fruit unknown. Type, Prlngle of 1891 i.i and fruit unknown: Type, in Herb. Coul- Herb. Gray."—Coulter, Oont U S Nat Hb ter. San Luis Potosi (E'schauzier of 3:109. 1891)."—Coulter Cont U S Nat Hb 3:95 CACTUS BRUNNBUS Coulter. Genus OBPHALOCERUS Pfeiffer. "Obovate-cylindrical, 3 by 6 cm, simple, tubercles ovate, grooved to the base, 5-b C. CHRYSOMALLUS KS. mm long, with woolly axils: radial spines Erect, branching like a candelabra, 10-15 11-15, spreading, rather rigid and brown- feet high ,stems 3-6 inches in diameter; WT' ^^^^^K W

Copyn«ht, 1S94, by W. (. Demorest ECHINOCAC'iUS GKUtiUNJl Hilum.

' '- -• Copyriyl:'. ', W. I Deiiorest CKREUS MARGINATUS DO. Cacti.—Orcutt. young plants with 17 obtuse ribs and embiyo with fol aceous curved coiyle- deep inter\-als, 12-13 ribs in older plants dons."—E. and more obtuse, areolae }^ inch apart; 10-12 radial spines, slender, straw-co orei, centrals 4-5, the lower one the longest, the upper portion of the older or florifer- us stems supplied with numerous ciliary w'ite spines, especially abundant on the side where the ficwers are pioauced: flow- tr 2 inches across, a incnes long (includ- ing the ovary); about 25 lonif narrow scales on ovary with 6-12 fine white hairs V^-1 inch long in the ax Is. ovary apple

green ; pstals about :0,8-;0 mm troal, nearly 20 long, acute, white; sepals equally numerous, brownish white; style 214 inches long, whitish, nearly equalling ihe petals; fliaments white, anthers an e'ghth :nch long and pale yellow. Flower deeply embedded in a mass of persistent hairs an inch long and of a snowy white —tinged with yellow occasionally at the tips. Fruit rearly flo'ular, 1'^ i»^ches lone-, dull purrle w'th a bluish bloom; remains of flower persistent; the minute scales ard hairs abundant or near:y ab- sent; outer skin 14 inch thick, dull purple, the edible pulp t right m ganta. rather insioid, sweetish, seecs 1 lack. Vieia, or OH Woman cactus of the Mexicans. States of PueMa and Oaxaca, Mexico (Orcutt 26'9, 2679). C. CO^vTMNA-TRAJANI KS. Erect, 15-20 feet| high, 2-3 short branch- es slightly divergent from the main stem a few feet fro^^ the ground: 5-7 raiial sp'ne? one-fcurth to three-fourths inch long. 1 central ^-2 inches long, rarely a s'Tcr er central or raiial above; radials latera'lv disposed except the 'owest, all ashy black. Ribs 11-13 in young plants, obtuse with shallow intervals. Te-te-cho of the Mexicans, who describe the fruit as s^' eet ard fd'ble, the flower as red. States of Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico rOrcutt 270«). C. Hoppenstedtii KS, ia Pilocerus Hop- penstedtii Web flde KS. C. MACROCEPHALL'S Web. C. MELOCACTUS KS. C. SENILIS Pf. Genua CERBUS Haworth. "Flowers about as long as wide or elon- gated. Scales of the ovary d'stinct, with naked or woolly axils, or almost obsolete and the axils spiny. Berry succulent, covered with spines or scales or almost naked. Seeds black, without albumen. Embryo short and straight or curved or horkei; coty edohs usually contrary to the sides of the seed.—Plants of all sizes, low or climbing or erect, sometimes enor- CEJRE^S OOLrUBRINUS Otto. mous: srln^-bearing areo'ae on vertical ribs. Flowers from the older or, at least, fully formed parts rf the plant, not from CEREUS ACULEATUS Otto. ary preformed areo'a, but hur sting CBREUS ALAMOSENSIS Coulter. the epidermis .iust above the through Sina spinosa of Sonora; 2-8 feet 2- bunches of spines; some open only in sun- high, light, others only at right, others again 10 branches from the base with joints 1-1 are not thus influenced. Fruit often edi- feet long, flexuous or decumbent, often ble, sometimes of very large size."—E. forming arches and rooting at the joints,

Subeenus EUCEREUS. ; "Prismatic or and thus spreading over wide areas, some- cylindtlc, mostly branching: flrwers usu- times 100 feet in diameter or ribs ally longer than wide: stigmas wh'tish: more; seeds obovate, usually smooth or pitted: about 7, slightly tuberculated. The bright Cacti.—Orcutt. red flowers slightly resemble those of C. flagelliformis. CEREUS AMBLYOGONUS G. Don. CEREUS AMECAENSIS Heese. CEREl'S ANDALGALENSIS Web. CEREUri AREOLATUS Mueh. Andes, South America. CEREiUS ARMATTTS Otto. CEREUS ASSURGENS Gris. West Indies. CEREUS AUREUS KS. CEREUS AZUREUS Farm. CEREUS BARBATUS Otto. • CEREUS BAUMAN'NII Lem. Paraguay Republic, South America. Variety COLUBRINA KS. Variety FLAVISPINA KS. Variety SMARAGDFLORA Web. CEREUS BAXANIENSIS Karw. Mexico. CEREUS BENECKII Eh. Aborescent and branching after the habit of Cereus geometrizans, 6-7 ribbed; areolae 14, Inch apart, woolly, bearing 8 radial spines % inch or less long, and 1 Central 1-3 inches long, curved upward, all ash colored; fruit globose, y-i inch in diameter, dull purple; remains of flower usuallv deciduous leaving a large ash- colored ^car; seeds large, ^6-83 in each berry. Tne be-ta-zo-vo of the Indians. In aspect of plant and fruit this closely resembles the garambulio (Cereus geo- meirizars). Near Oaxaca, Mexico (Or- CEREUS DASYACANTHXJS Engelm. cutt 2703). CEREUS BERTINII L'Her. flowers and fruit. The tree often of an Paraguay Republic, South America. umbrplla shape, or the interlocking CEREUS BLANKII Pos. branches curving or twist ng in any other CEREUS BOECKMANNII Otto. than a symmetrical manner. Ribs 6-S, West Indies. acute, with sharp intervals; aiCDlae % inch inch or CEREUS BONARIENSIS Sw. across, y-i long, nearly quite contiguous; 1 stout, terete, ashy, central CEREUS BONPLANDTI Parm. spine ^-2 inches long or less—often 2 or 3 South America. Paraguay Republic, short centrals above i^ inch long, erect; CEREUS BRACHIATUS Gal. radials about 12, 14 inch long, curved in- Tehuacan, Puebla, Mexico. ward, all but the lowest laterally dis- Cereus bradtianus C. is Opuntia cerei- posed, spines all nearly white when formis Web fide KS. young. Called 'tiotilla' by the Indians, who gather quantities of the fruit for the CEREUS BRANDII H Angl. markets of Tehuacan in June for 1 cent. CEREUS BRIDGBSII S. Fruit 1% inch diameter, slightly longer, Bolivia, Sbuth America. remains of the flower persistent; color dull dark red, with 25-30 thin semi-trans- CEREUS CAESIUS Otto. parent triangular scales—the base and CEREUS CANDELARIUS Hort. sides equal—about three-eighths of an CEREUS CANDIOANS Gill. inch; pulp dark purple, with numerous Argentine Republic. black seeds. State of Oaxaca, Mexico Flower inches CEREUS CAVEINDISHII Monv. (Orcutt 2648, 2666). IVa across, bright lemon yellow (27 Je 1902). CEREUS CHALYBAEUS Otto. CEREUS CLAVIFORMIS R-K. Argentine Republic. CEREUS COERUL.ESCENS S. CEREUS CHILENSUS Colla. Argentine Republic. Chile, South America. CEREUS COLUBRINUrS Otto. CEREUS CHIOTILLiA Web. An erect-growing Cuban plant, night- Arborescent, 20 feet high, branching blooming, the fragrant white flowers 6 freely a foot or so above the ground, the inches across. older branches 6 Inches in diameter, the CEREUS COLUMNARIS Lodd. tips of the branches 2i^ inches In diame- ter with densely woolly ovate or shield- CEREUS COMETES Scheidu. shaped areolae, bearing the terminal CEREUS CONCINNUS Hge. 'CaClL—Drcut't. 13

tened, more than an inch long, angular, strongly reflexed. Common on the sand of Magdalena island an^ about San Jorge, Baja California. Its local name is 'chib- enola.' Tlie manner of growth, with up- lifted heads and prominent reflexed spines, gives the plants a resemblance to huge caterpillars.'^—Brandegee, Cal ac pt

sr 2, 2:163, t 7. CEREUS EUTCHLORUS Web. BraziU South America. CEREUS EUPHORBIOIDES HaW. Brazil, South America, CEREUS EXTENSUS S. CEREUS FASCICUL.ARIS M«yen. Peru. South America. CSREUS FLAGEI-LIFORMIS Hawort^. The well-known whip-cord or Rat's-tail Cac- tus, so usefal in hanging baskets or for graft- ing on columnar species; the bright rose-col- ored flowers are extremely attractive. Variety LEPTOPHIS KS. CERBUS BNNEACANTHUS Kngelm. CEREUS FORBESII Ott<>. CEREUS COQUIMBANUS KS, Argentine Republic. Chile, South America. CEREUS FUNKII KS. CEREUS CORYNE Otto. CEREUS GEMMATUS Argentine Republic. CEREUS GHIEiSBREGHTlI KS.

CEREUS COBSIRE'NSIS Tineo. Mexico. , CEREUS GLAUCESCENS Tweed. CEREUS CRENATUS I^ab. CEREUS GLA2IOVII KS. Cereus Cumeng-ei Web, is gummosus, Brazil, South America. CEREUS CURVISPINUS Bert, CEREUS GLYCIMORPHUS Orcutt. CEREUS DAMARCARO Hge. Echinocereus glycimorphous Foerstv CEREUS DECORUS Lodd. CEREUS GRANDIFLORUS Haworth. CEREUS DONKELAERI S. Miller, Gafd Dictionary, ed, n 11. "The CEREUS DUMORTTERI S. night-flaweTing cereus has gained a fame Mexico, which entitles it bo prominent notice, and DUSSII KS. CEREUS plants might well be included In every gardem, Guadeloupe Island, West Indies. for Its flowering is a source of interest to the cp:reus eburneus s. — Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Mexico. least observant persons," Castle. CEREUS EMORYI E. CEREUS GRANDIS HaW. San Diego's Velvet Cactus. This is one CEREUS GREGGII Engelm. of the best-known of California .yicti, the Gregg's night blooming cactus occurs slender, thickly-set yellowish spines giving it In the arid regions of Southern Ari- a peculiarly beautiful appearance. The sp'nes zona, New Mexico, Texas, Chihuahua on the young Joints are shorter, soft and flexu- and Sonora, and is notable for its large ous; the flowers are yellowish, followed by a tuberous root and slender inconspic- small edible fruit. uous stems, 1 to 3 or 4 feet high, a halt CEREUS ERUCA Brandegee. inch in diameter. Flower 6 inches long, "Prostrate,, very rarely branched, 13- 2 inches in diameter, with pale, purple ribbed, 3-4 feet long, 3-4 inches in diam- petals, followed by the smooth, oval, ter; rooting from the under side of the acuminate, scarlet fruit, succulent, older growth, decaying at one end and crowned with the remains of the cor- forward at the generally growing other, olla, and suported by a distinct stipe ot in patches of 20-30, probably originating a bright crimson. from a common center; areolae 4-6 mm in diameter, separated about the same dis- CEREUS GUMMOSUS Bngelm. tance; spines about 20, stout, ash-colored, The pitahaya agria, or cord-Wood less than an Indh long, the exterior cylin- cactus, of Lower California, is noted drical, the interior stouter, angular, some- for its large, bright, scarlet fruit, pos- what and the lower central one much flat- sessing a delicious flavor, pleasantly ^s Cacti.—Orcntt. U acid, like a strawberry; the pulp the color of a ripe watermelon, with the small blaclt seeds scattered throuKliout. The flowers are 4 to' 5 irrches loits, Pur- ple, and quite handsome. The stems are 4 to 10 feet high, 3 to 5 inches in^ diameter, armed wfth stout angular, blsfckish spines. CERE US HAAGEANUS S. CEREUS' HAMATUS Scheidw.. JJedr Orizata, Mexico. CEREUS HANKEANUS Web. CEREUS HETERACANTHUS Tweed; CEREUS HILDMA'NNlANtrS KS. btate of Ri«5 de Jaieiio, Biazit CEREUS HIRSCHTIANUS KS. CEREUS HO[.LIA>US Weber. "tra-C'iing- I'rom bdse. 4 o m h.g-h ana ftout, dark-green; ribs 10-12, acute,, oftens lial oblique', with aieolae l'-.3 cm apart; ra abom irrsgular, 1-1.5 'm long; spines \2, and centrals 3, the lower one 5-10 cm long, defexed; flowers near the summit, white; a to cm IcJrig; frtrit 'as large as goose; wool and egg', dark puri^lish-red. bearing spines. Type Weber specimens in hb Mo bot gard. Common abctft Tehuacan, Pue- bla- important for its wood, which forms long, straight rods used for poles in heig- (S and vineyards."—Coulter, Cont Na hlV 3:411. Gill. CEREUS HORIZONTALIS CE'REUS PEXDTINATUS Eiigelmt. CEREUS HUASCHA Web. Ar.'ient'ne Republic. CEREUS LINKIl Horti. CEREUS HYLACANTHUS KS, CEREUS LONGIFOLIUS Karw. ArgeAtine Republic CEREUS LORMATUS Grus. CEREtJS HYPAGAEUS Web, \ CtREUS MACDONALDIAB Hoofe. DC. CEF.EUS INERMIS P CERB'JS MACROGONUS S. Near La Guayra,,- Venezuela. State of Hio de Jane'ro, Brazil. CEREUS INVERSUS Otto. CEREUS MALDETIANUS Cels. CEREUS IRRADIANS Lem, CEREUS MALLISONI Hort. CEREUS ISOGONUSi KS. CEREUS MARTIANUS Zucc. America. Andes, South CEREUS MARTINII Lab, CEREUS JACQUINII Rebut. ! P DC, CEREUS MAYNARDII Paxt, CEREUS JAMACARU CEREUS MELANURUS KS. Brazil, South America. South America. Rebut. Brazil, CEREUS JUSBERTJI CEREUS MICRACANTHUS P DC. CEREUS KARSTENII S. CEREUS MONV3LLEANUS Web. CfiREUS KARWINSKII Hge, CEREUS MULTANGULARIS Haw. KS. CEREUS KERBII South Peru, Golim^, Mexico. Andes, America, probably CEREUS LAMPROCHLORUS LeffT, CEREUS MULTIPLEX Hort. Argentine Republ.c. CEREUS NAPOLEONIS R, Graham. CEREUS LANCEANUS Horl West Indies. Cereus Nickelsi Is KS. Hort, Cephalocereus CEREUS LANICEPS columna-trajani. Bolivia, South America. CEREUS CEREUS LEMAIREI Hook, NYCTICALUS Link. West Indies. CEREUS OBTUSANGULUS KS. State of Rio de CrREUS LEPIDOTUS S Janeiro, Brazil. CEREUS OCAMPGNIS S. Near La Giiayra,, Venezuela, Climbing over trees, fences or houses; LEPTACANTHUS S. CEREUS jonts 3-tocommonly4-sided. 1 or 2t(iSfeet CEREUS LINDBERGIANUS Web. long, young growth «>ven e-ribbed; areolae inches Paraguay Republic, South America, 1-11/2 apart, tomentose, commonly 7 raiia's and 1 Web. central spines; radials CEREUS LINDMANNII rarely over 1 mm .central rarely 6 mm Paraguay Republic, South America, long, stout, straight or slightly curved.

W. Demorest. Copyright, 1894, by J. Copyright, 1S94, uy *v. j. l

CEREUS SAROENTIANUS Orcutt. CEREUS SENILIS Salm-Dyck. JI7 Cacti.—Otcntt. iS

stems dark green. 3 inches thick, the ribs . scaicely an eiglith inch thick, strongly • crtnj.ale. bearing the areolae at the -SLmmit. P lower white, style 7 inc^^£s lor.g; siigmata 14, slender, white, nea.ly y^ inch bn§; ovary "-lob se, an 'nh i!i diameter^ covered > ith about © tub^rce; surmounted with minute scales (the to- mentose, a> lis conmonly tear.ng 2 \^ h te gpines); tube of (x>o1h 5 1 ches 10 g, bearing '5 or in r similar scales witci tomentose and spiny axils; fllam ntSi and large anthers appaently white (i drei :flower), petals rarrow, icuminale, 1% inches lon'g, extend ng three-fourths ir.t:h leyond t^e filaments. Nopale, or N^ua- lita de Griz. of the Indans; 15-20 fe^t high; cultivated in gaTdens for fts fruit (?). States rf Pue"bla ard Oaxaica. Mex- ico (Orcutt 2709). "CEREUS PATILLOSUS A. Lke. CEREUS PARVIFLORUS KS. Bolivfa. South America. CEREUS PARiVISETUS Otto. CEREU9 P^SACANA Wela.

Argentine Republ'e. \ CERET'S PAXJCISPINUS ^. 'CEREUS PAXTONIANUS MonT. CEREUS PERUVIANUS Mill. Peru, goi'th / merica. OLD MAN CACTUS. Variety MDNSTRUOSA P DC •CEBET7S PITAHAYA P DC. Oereus soron^nsis RUnge, Is C alamo- Pi'azil, South America. sensis C. 'CEREUS PLATYGOINUS Ott©. CEREUS SPACHIANUS liSm. "CEREUS POLYRHIZUS Web. ArgenUne Republ t •CEREUS PGM^NENSIS Web. CEREUS SPECIOSSIMUS DC. Argent-'ne Repubrc CEREUS SPECIOSUS KS. "CEREUS PTEROGONUS Lem. \ariety COOCINEA KS. CEREUS PULCHELLUS Pf. CEREUS SPIJsULOSUS P DC Mexico. CEREUS QUADRICOSTATUS Bello. ^'est Indies, CEREUS SPLENDIDU3 Paxt. -CEREUS QUERETARENSIS Weber. CEREUS STELLATUS Pf. "Tree-like, much branched, 6-8 m high"; CEREUS STELLIGER Ctto. flowers 10-12 cm long: ovary covered wit'h CEREUS STOLONIFER ^^•eb. triangular fle«hy stales which arise from a tubercle and bear axillary wool and CEREUS STRIATUS Brandegee. spines; fruit densely, covered with bunch- Cereus digueti Weber, Mu d'hist Hat,b, es of dark-yellowish or brownish Spines 1895, 319. "bulbous at base. Type, Weber specimens Apparently not rare in sa.line soil near In hb Mo hot gard. In the vicinity of Qoe- Batamotal. Sohora, where it is known by retaro, Mexico, and cultivated along road- the name sa-ra-ma-tra-ca; the tubers are sides and fence rows."—Coulter, Cent Na, produced abundantly like small potatoes. hb 3:4ia CEREUS STRlGOStrs Gill. CEREUS RBPAlS*rHJS Haw. Argentine Republic. CEREUS RIGIDISPINUS Monv. CEREUS SUBFLAVISPINUS Otto. Probably from the Andes (not Mexico, CEREUS SUBINETRMIS Hem. fide KS). CEREUS SUBINTORTUS Otto. CEREI'S RUFERI Hge. CEREUS TENUISSIMUS G. Don. CEREUS RUSSELLIANUS Forb. CEREUS TEPHRACANTHUS Lab. CEREUS SALM-DYCKIANUS Web. Bolivia, South America. CEREUS Weber. CEREUS SAXICOLA Morong. TETAZO CERET'S SCHOMBURGKII Otto. "Stout, branching, 10-15 m high; flowers greenish-white, 6 cm long, in clusters of CEREUS SEPIUM P DC. 10-20 from the youngest areolae and with- CEREUS SERPENTINUS P DC. out any wool; fruit irregularly dehiscent, Mexico. exposing the ripe pulp. Type, Weber spe- cimens in hb Mo bot gard. Ja»- CEREUS SETACEUS S. Zapatalan, lisco."—Coulter, Cont Na hb 3:409. Brazil, South America. CEREUS TETRAGONUS Haw. Cereus simonii Hilldm, is C. alamcsen- CEREUS TORTUOSUS Forb. sis C. Argentine Republic. rg Cacti.—Orcntt,

CBREUS TRIGONUS Haw. aca, Mexico (Orcutt 267d)_ Known to the Indians as the West Indies. 'cardon'. CEREUS TRINITATENSIS Lem. CEREUS ORCUTTII K Br, CEREUS TUBEROSUS Pos. "atems erect, oianching, bright green, reachii^g a hight of o m and a oiameier CEkEUS UNDULATUS H. Dresd. 01 j5 cm, with nard wooay center; rios (lBRBLjS VERSCHAPFELTII Hge. ]-x-18, about 1 cm high; areolae roand, tEi-.EUri VIRBNiS P DC. about t) mm in aia meter and about haif ti at distance apart, oensely covtred wit^^i Subgenus LEPIDOCEREUS E. Tall short, light gray wool; spines aLi siender, eyl.i.ciiicai branching piants with the ho- s, reauing, yellow sh brown, irregularly riferous and sieril arejiae bearing s.mi- o-seriate; radials 12-20, about 12 mm long, ar fcpi.its; flower tube short, stigmas I eflcienc above; intermediates aLout lu,. white, embryo curved. one-third to more than twice longer, less. spreading, one of the upper spines of this Cereus bav^sus Web. row usually stouter and darker, porrect, often a o f7 Erect, rarely L ranching, 8-12 or more reaching length cm; centrals about 5. siems irom the same root, 10 or more feet porrect-sprc ading a litt-e longer than the intermeulates; iiowers 4 inches in aiamete. ; libs 9, greenish hlgij, s.ighily darker olitute wih sharply ueflned irit^ival^; brown, outside, diurnal, about 4 artolae an inch apart on ihe Ider ^tems: cm entile length; petals short apiculate; ovary covered with short ladial 15, V*-^ inch long, the lower densely scales, spines almost concealed ones the longer, on the olu ,-rowi,. a i completely by thick, rounded tufts of yellowish in wnich .-t UL ana ab.ut V2 i ch long; cent;al wool, are embedded dark brown bristles 4-6 spines 4-6, the upper one-eighth inch 10. ,g mm Icng; stamns lining the upper hilf ( r n ore, the lowest citen 3 inches long, of the tube; ti'^ fn it ' style acute; nor efl xed, twisted, flattened or carlnate. known."— Flower 2 inches across, including the Katharine Brandegee, Zoe, 5:3: (je liOO). . vai - 4 i>ifh s long; petals white, obtuse. the 6 aid Near Rosario, Baja California. Dense- n/2 riches lon^, sii'-'n^ata, style c vered with aiithers pale yellow, filaments white; ly bright >ellowish br iwn spir.es; fruit the "size of 2 inches long. Fruit said to be red, an era ge'; style called dulce. i inches long, with black seeds; immature pitalla \\ ith ai out 1?0 woolly areolae with fn'it CEREUS S. in the axils of obsolete PRINGLEI Watson. capillary spines The Cardon is the sc les or tuber les. fctate of Pueb'a, giant cactus of ^fexico (Orcutt 26?5). Ca'led 'cardon' by Lower California and Sonora, where it the Indians, perhaps erroneously. forms forests, attaining a height of 20 to 35 CEREUS CANDELABRUM Web. feet. The ribs are usually 13, and Aborescent, 25 feet high, trunk ^-'i fe^^t it differs from the giant cactus of Ari- b'-anch freelv 3-5 fee: in f'iamctfr, nt? zona (Cereus in that the from the ground, producing often 50 erect giganteus) growing stems in candelabra fo:m shad- spine bearing areolae on the ribs 3,re ing an area greater in diameter than tlie connected by wooly grooves. The trunk of the tree. Branches a foot in di- height is often 3 to 4 feet in ameter, 9-10 obtuse ribs with areolae 1-^ diameter; the inch apart, vhen young, and densely older portions of the branches usually at the base of spines; the older tomentose quite thornless. The dead wood is used areolae but slightly tomentose, the bases for of the spines often in close contact: fuel, but otherwise this mammoth or spines ashy, bulbous at base, flattened production of the desert seems to be central 2 inches angular. Strong; the without use. lorg 7-9 rariials, usually 8 laterally dis- bosfed on each side and one below the ren- tral aid more rarely 1-2 s'lorrer radials CEREUS THURBERI Engelm. above; spnes rrostly decid"OL-s on the The Pitahaya Dulce is an abundant trunk and older branches, the persistent species in Sonora and portions of areolae often enormously en'arged to a Lower California, also said to occur in he'ght and diameter of 1-2 inches with 10-2 formidable subulate spines, the southern Arizona. It grows from 5 longest 3 inches or more long. Flower to 20 feet high, many stems 6 to 10 much resembling that of C. Pring- white, inches in diameter from the same base. lei- fruit ripens in the m'drile of May, dull red 3 irrhes 'ong, 2 and 2% in g-eater Gearing greenish or reddish white and lesser diam-ter, pulp nu-plish, swe-t, white flowers followed by large luscious val-ed l-^^ss than t^e ed'b'e, but paella fruit, rather too sweet it Is said for and other cactus fruits. About 30 triangu- It lar pcales. beari'^g in the ax'ls d-nselv northern palates. was named in Woo'lv areolae with 35 or more slender, honor of Thurber, a re- inch George widely bri'!tlv stra'erbt. white spines 14-% nowned botanist. \nne form the armament of the fruit— areolae easi'y (or de- thp spiny rjetached PILOCEREUS E. at r-aturity. Fruit said to be Subgenus "Tall, cyl- ciduous?) Indric, mostly unbranched; upper tiower- in makln? a r-leasait drink and U«ed bearing portion with more crowded areo- =eeds also utilized. The erect growth the brleht lae and longer, denser, thinner bristles of the numerous branches and the renders th's giant cactus or hairy spines: flowers short: seeds as in elaucous color oax- Eucereus."—E. everywhere conspicuous. State of

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CopyriKht 1S98, rom col. F. M. Woodruff. CALIFORNIA VULTURE. Nature Stu

27 Cacti.—Orcutt. 38 duces peculiar intoxicating effects sim- ECHINOPSIS SIMPLEX Niedt. 'iOl L'Her. ilar to those from the use of opium, ECHI.sOPSIS GARDII ECHINOPSIS TUBIFLORA Zucc. and the plant enters into certain re- Variety NIGRISPINA KS. ligious rites of the Indians of the Sierra Echinopsis turbinata Zucc, is gemmata Madre mountains in Mexico. A rice KS. power- ECHINOPSIS VALICA Monv. ful drug is prepared from the plant by Paraguay Kepub'ic. South America. chemists. Vaiiet-- FORBESII R. Mey. ECHIXOCACTUS WIPPERMANNU ECHINOPSIS WILKENSII Hort. Mueh. E hinopsis zrccarlnii (zucca- iniana) Pf, is tubiflora fide KS. ECHINOCACTUS WISLIZENI Engelm. Epithelantha micromeris Web, is Mam- Variety ALBISPINA Tourmty. millaiia mieromeris Engelmann. Variety DECIPIENS Engelmann. Genus EPIPHYLLUM Pfelffer. Genus ECHIXOCE:Rld;U:$ Kn^elmann. EPIPHYLLUM ALTENSTEINII Pfr. Included under the genus Cereus. EPIPHYLLUM GL'EDNEYRT Houl. E. -ISerlandieri Lem, is Cereus Berlajidi- EPIP-YLLL^M MACKOYANUM Hort. eri E. EM HYLLUM OBOVATUM E. E. Blankii Palm, is Cereus Blankil Pos. EP PHYLLl M RUSSELTANUM Hook. Echinocereus congiomeratus F, is Cercus EPIPHYLLUM TRUNCATUM Haw. i^olycicanthus. In. h. Crab, or Lobster Cactus; a native Echuiocereus leeanus Lem, is Cereus of Brazil, popular --^s a house plant. polyacaathus. GRI'SONIA CEREIFORMIS F Rchb, is Ecliinocc^reuB leonensis Maths, is Cereus Opunlia cc- iform'=: Wpb fide KS. leonensis. GeM-.s GYMNOL ALYCIUM Pfelffer. E. Leptacanthus KS, is Cereus leptacan- G. gi':bo5um Pf, is Echlrocactus mon- thus S. vlilei. Ech.nocereus Merkeri Hl'dm, is Cereus G. recluctum Pf. is Echinocactus gibbo- i-Ler. eri. su.s. Ech noceieus paucispinus Lem, is Cereus G. vil osvm F, is Echinocactus villosus. pv^lyacanihus. E. pri^cumbei.s Lem, is Cereus procum- Genus LEPISMILM Pfelffer. bens E., n' The blished speries, as far a"5 kno-n,-n, E. is pulche.lus KS, Cereus pulchellus Pf are considered fs rynonyms of Rhi: salis. E. fcaim-Dyckianus Scheer, is Cereus Salm-OycK.a.ius Web. Genus LEUCHTEXBERGIA Fisch. E. Kcheerl Lem, is Cereus Scheeri S. K. subinermis is Cereus LELTCHTENBEROIA PRINCIPIS Fisch. cj, subinermls. Near Zim E. tuberosus Rumpl, is Cereus tuberosus pa 1, Mexico. Pes. Genus ECHINOPSIS Znccarlnl. Genus LOfHOPHORA Coulter. Included under the genus CeretJS. LOPHOPHORA WILLIAMSII Coulter. E.HlNOPcIS AMOBNISSIMA Wend. See I chiucciictiis wiliiaiui^ii. ECiT.INOPSIj Cax.MARCEWSIS Web. ECHIiNOPSIS CINNABARINA Lab. Genus -M ALACOCARPIS Salm. Bohv.a, South America. Nearly all the published species are con- ECH NOPSIS DROE3EANA Berge. sidered as synonyms ©f Ethinocacd, of ECHIaOPSIS D CIS-PAULI F. the same specific names. EC.INOi-SS EYRIE.-II Zucc. The identity of M. Martini Laboui (ex i EJMNO.-SIS ORMOSA Jac. Foerster, Handb Cact ed 2, 1:454) and KCHINOI'SiS Gi.JiMATA KS. habitat are unknown. }^iaz)l South America. ECHINOPSIS HUOTTII Lab. Genus MAMMIL,L..ARIA Hawortli. ECHl>OP£lS KT'OTTII Sohlumb. 'Flowers about as as the ECHINO'^SIS LAGEMANNII D.etr. long wide; tube camvanulate or fiinrel-.haped. Ova- ECHLNOPSIS i.i_LCANT}]A \'. alp. ry often hidden between the bases of the ECHINOPSIS MULLERI. A of hybrid, rapid tuber..les, as well as .he e..sert succulent growth, blooming early, and with its large beriy, naked. Seeds yellowish-brown to satiny rose-colored flowers is called the justly blaciv, e-val umin -us or so. finest of its class. nearly Em- bryo fcl;ort and ECHINOPSIS MULTIPLEX Zucc. mostly straight, with ex- America. tremely short cotyledons parallel to the Br-'zil, South sides of the seed. — ECHINOPSTS NIGRICANS Link. -.mall, more or less g oacse or oval simple or cespi.ose piants, ECHINOPSIS OBREr-ANDA KS. the areolae BoLv'a, South America. spine-bearmg borne on cylin- dric, oval, crnic. or angular tubercles, ECHINOPSIS OXYGONA Zucc. which cover the of Brazil. South America, body the plant. Flow- ers form a distinct v, ooPy er br stly areo- ECHINOPSIS PENTLANDII S. la at the base Peru. South America. cf these tuberc es, fully open in sunlight, most.y only for a few ECHINOPSIS PL'DANTII Hort. hours."—E. ECHINOPSIS RHODACANTHA S. ECHINOPSIS ROHLANDII Hort. Subgenus COCHEMIEA. Plants cyl- ECHINOPSIS SALMIANA Web. indiical, usually mL.cli elongated., with Vpri-ty R^IDGESH KS. watery juice, end grooviless tubercles. B'^wiNOPSIS SCHICKENDANTZII Flowers mostly in a lirg near the ver- Web. tex, several times longer than broad. 39 Cacti.—Orcutt. 40.

K^%^

MAMMXIiLARIA MiBIACANTHA Engelm.

MAMMILiLAKIA PECTIXATA Engelm.

#

MAMMILDA'RIA MA0R0MEKI3 Engelm.

MAM'MILbARIA BOCASANA Poselg.

MAMMILLARIA LASIACANTHA Engelm. MAMMILLAUIA WRIGHTII Engem. 41 Cacti.—Orcutt. 4* scarlet, tubular, slender, somewhat cur\-- MAWM LLARIA SENILIS Lodd. ea, anu ob ique with spreading, unequal, Stem columnar, '2 dm 5 cm so thei flower high, diameter, petaioid sepals, making ap- D'olii'erous at buse in ax lis brilliant double as In Cereus age, naked, parently fiagelliform- green; areil s tomeutose, tomentum & spues is. Stamens and style red, exserted. wtiite; radials very numerous, flexible, crini- 4-6c"iitrHls the hooked. I^AMMILLARIA HALEI Brandegee. form, stronger, upper •'GiQwson ptalms, Han Luis Potosl." "CaesDitose, stems 8-10, about a foot high, 2-3 inches in diameter, straight, cov- Variety HASSELOFH S [M hasselofii Eh]. ered with dark-colored straight spines; tu- ^pine8 more numerous, all criniform. bercles short, rounded, woolly in the ax- Varety LINKEI S [M linkei Ehl. ils; spines 15-25, y^ inch long, with 3-4 of Ceuiral spines all hooked. the interior ones stouter and an Inch long; flowers an inch long, vertical from the ax- MAMMILLARIA SETISPINA E. ils of young tubercles, scarlet; sepals all "Cactus setispinus: fasciculate and as- scarlet, petaioid; antlhers scarlet, fila- cenoing, simple or branched at base, the ments exserted, yellowish, stigma scarlet: stems at out '^^ cm big*" and 3-6 cm in di- ameter, covered with fruit red, clavate, y^. inch long; seeds densely remarkably stout smooth. A handsome species, seen only long SMiues: luoercles sl^ort and ^^ i h upon Magdalena and Santa Ma«-garita Is- broadly conial, axil'.ary wool: lands, where it is very abundant."—Bran- spines white, with black tips; radials 10- wide 10-34 degee Cal ac pr sr 2, 2:161, t 6. 12, y spreading, very unequal, mm long, slender and flexuous; central MAMMILLARIA PONDII Greene. spines 1-4, more rig d and much longer "From a few inches to a foot high, sim- (zO 5 mm), the u. per ones straight, tl*o ple cr with a few oval o.- cylindrlcally lowest one ongest ard hooked (usually elor gated branches; gi owing parts to- upwards) and oftei variously curved and mentose: radial spines 20-30, white, slen- twisted: fru t obovate and scarlet, 30 mm der; central 4 or 5, the longest more than long: feeds black and pitted. Type, Gabb an inch in length, rigid and strongly 15 in Herb. Mo. Bot Card. Rocky or book d. ca k brow.i aoove the midd'e: gravelly soi', San Julio canyon, and in Cali- flowers nearly 2i inches long, bright scar- the vicinity of San Borgia, Lower 1 t. Near M. Goodii'gii, and differing fornia."—Coulter Cont U S Nat Hb 3: 106 from it In its laige size and brilliantly (10 Je 1894). ctored large flowers. The plants were n flower m i-'ebruary. The species comes Subgenus CORYPHANTHA. Plants f. om the southwestern part of Cedros globose or elongated, often robust, with Island."—Greene Piitoria 1:268 (20 Mr watery ju:ce. Tubercles (in age) grooved 1S89). on the upper side. Flowers as in Eumam- >- ruit 20 rrm long, 10 m In greater diam- illaria. but some at the extremity of the eter, greenish, tase imbedded in wool, re- groove in the axils of yourg tubercles, mnins of flower persistent, pulp slightlv usually near the vertex of the plant. acid, greenish (May 6, 1897): seeds 0.5 mm in d'ameter. MAMMILLARIA ALVERSONI Hort. The Fox-tail cactus is of MAMMILi^ARIA ROSEANA Bndg. robust "Stems numerous from the root, branching habit, densely covered with spreading, curved, ascending, one-third to long stout straight spines, usually tip- 2 mm 'ong. 4 cm mamlllae ar- thick; ped with black or black half range! ia Qulncunxial order, 15 mm apart, way down, cyllndJical, 12 mm long, white-woolly In shading into red, but often pure ivory the "pper axils: pulvlnae finely pubscent; white throughout. The large rose pur- rar lal .'-'-ines -9 in number, P-12 mm long, flowers are quite The brown o straw colo ed. the single cen- ple showy. larg- tral spine 25 mm long, curved, hooked at est of some fifty plants was a cluster the tip; flowers from the axils of the up- of six heads measuring 3 inches in per '^ami lae. 3 -mi long- sepals and pet- about 8 inches a's b:i ht sc rle diameter and high. , j Ir.ed into a tube, spreading at thdr tirs. in se^-eral series; See radlosa. stamens ard style scarlet; style branches MAMMILLARIA ARIZONICA 5-7: fruit scarlet, pyriform 6-8 mm long; Engelm. seedis blark, p'tted; citylelons united, See radiosa only a depressed line at their tips; albu- men none.—Throughoit the lower eleva- MAMMILLARIA COMPACTA E, tions rf th<^ Ca'-'e Region and northward I»epresS"d-.elnbo,'ie, 5-10 cm diam, simple; tii- to CalmaMi. Th's cactus is ore of the l)prcles short-conical, rrowded, 8 mm long; ra- m'ist sh wv of Lower Ca Iforna, Dr. dials l.'J-lfi, risrld, repvirved * anpre'Sed, inter- T'almer rollected it at La Paz and it is woven with adjacent clusters, whitish or horny, No. 139 of the list from that place in l0-2'>mm long: central eroct, often wanting; Contr. T'. g. Herb. No. 3 .catalogued by fls 3-3 5 f m lon.ff and broad. yfUow; fruit oval, Mr. rose, for whom it is appropriately green; ^ee(is 1.4 mm long, smooth, yellow. Chl- named. The stems pendent from rocks huahtia. at Comordu are sometimes 6 feet long. MAMMILLARIA CONOIDEA P DC. •This species and M Halei of Magdalena and Fanta Margarita Islands have simi- Ovate-conical, simple, 3..^-10 cm high,4-7 in lar f owers, fniit and seeds. The seeds nf diameter below with densely woolly vertex; M. Hnlel wfre wrongly described as tubercles close, ova»e, 12 mm long, axils at first smooth; they are nitted in the !=ame man- radials ner as those of this species."—Br Zoe 2:19 woolly; 10-16, ashy to white, straight, (Ap 1891). stout, 6-10 mm long; centrals 3-5, 10-16 mm 43 Cacti.—Orcutt 44 long, the lowerone more rigid, 15-20 mm long, tire plant; flowers bright purple, 3..t cm brownish-black; fls deep purple, 2-3 cm long & long and broader w^hen fully expanded, wide. San Luis Potosi; Coahuila; Nuevo Leon. showy. Montana, Nebraska, Colorado, MAMMILLARIA CORNIFERA P DC. Idaho, Washington and British America E. —consequently one of the most hardy spe- MAMMILLARIA DASYACANTHA cies known. Mamillaria echinus E. is radians. MAMMILLARIA WISSMANNII Hildm. MAMMILLARIA ELJBPHANTIDENS Lem. Section G' ANDTTLIFERAE. Cylindr c- MAMMILL.LARIA MACROMERIS E. al; mammae cylindrical .long, or oval and MAMMIDIiARIA MUSSOURIENSIS n.ore or less globose; grooves bearing more or less con.«picuous glands, the Sweet hort Brit 171 [1827]. groo'' es often absent in young pian s, the ands sometimes n the axils or at the M T-G Fl N Am 1:563 g simplex [1840]. base of the tubercles. M nuttallii E pi Fend 49 [1849]. MAMMILLARIA ASTERIAS Cels. M notesteinil Brittqn Torr cl b 18:367 [1891]. MAMMILLARIA BREVIMAMMA Zucc. OactuB mamillaris Null Gen 1 :29B non l. [1818] Near Ziinipan. M xico. Globose, 3.5 cm diam., siinple* niammaj ovate, MAMMILLARIA CLAVA Pf. 12-14 mm long, slightly grooved; radials 13-17, "Claviito-columnaris, intense vlridis; axi'lis straight, whitish, unequal, setaceous, 8-10 mm long; central more robuet,' longer, puberulent, tomentodenso albaetglandulasimpliO'' ml ella or wanting; fls 2.5 cm 2-5; triiit long, stigmas instructiti, mox planissimis, nudis; mammillls globose, scarlet, 6-8 mm diam., seeds globose, dorso hasi blaofe. pitted, 1.1mm diam. .vioutana, Kansas, elongatis erectis, hulcatis, oblique Colorado, Nebraska, South Dakota. tetragoni^; areolis albo-viilosis infraapicalibiis; Star Cactus; dwarf; flowers yellow or jiculeisrectis, cornels, suba?C£ualihU9, radiaiiti- salmon color. bus central! crassiore." -Pfr MAMMILLARIA NICKELSAE K Br. 7, 1, paulolongiore, 282. Mexico—Fhrenb.- "Soon and diensely caespitose, glaucous AGZ 1840, g. and often purplish, 4-6 cm high, hemis- Bot mag 1 4358 Otto & Dietr AGZ 1845, 2M-5. pherical or globose; tubercles 10-12 mm M dolichocentra Lem. as broad and um- long, becoming quite L.m bricated: spines 14-18 ail radial, slender, MAMMILLARIA DOLICHOCENTRA at fir^t jell^wish wLh da;ker tips, latjr Two distinct species have been fluured un- ad gray; lower spi es 8-:!0 mm long, the der this name by Foerster, Schumann, ly, radi- Is lender, white, very nu leruu.s, rigid; centrals 6.12, siouler fls "Globosa simplex obscure griseo-virens; ax- clavate fruit. ( hia.a- pinkish; scarlet, Texas; illis fasciculo lanse albidse et glandula rubra to- nua; Durango. raentoalbo cincta instruetis; mammillis cra.ssis Cactus OK rev miter 118 pottsii gen pl 261;C mammaeformibus, basi interdum <-onfluenti- Mleona Pos A';Z 1853, S4:—'-otelligerie M. bus, dorso usque ad ghindulam sulcatis; areolis caule cvlindraceo interdum prolifero dismetro junioribus albo-villosis; MCuleis radiantibus Il- 4-5 p,dl. alto glauco, mamillis brevi- ia subiequalibus rigidis rectis, 2 summis gr.icili- Eollicarius areoli.-, tan- ronfertis;axillis laiiatis, nudis,ncu- oribus suberecti , flavesot nt., apice fn.'iC., leis exteriorious permultis interte.xti-' albidis, dem fu=cu.cinereis, centralibus 3 rarius 4, (snm- centralibus 8-12, exteriores superautibus ila- moplerumqne defi"iente) subdecnssatis, rigidi- vescentibus,summo snbcurvato albo subpurpu- oiibus, cornels, inflnio longissimo i-ater.ie rc- rascente." Nuevo Leon curvulo."— Pfr AGZ18;38,274. Mm^-rMldei Mon MAMMILLARIA RADIANS P DC. te, Vexico—Eh'cnserg. MAMMILLARIA RADIOSA E. MAMMILLARIA SALMDYCKIANA M, alversoni, arizonica. chlo aiitha, descrti. Scheerex Salm HD ed2, 134 [1850]. MAMMILLARIA RECURVATA E. M Scheerii Muehpf AGZ 1947, 97, non 1S45. MAMMILLARIA STROBILIFORMIS Shr. M robus:i-pina Schott ex E. MAMMILLAE lA SUL'OLANATA Lem. M [Cactus] brownii Toumov bot jaz -y.-im it is MAMMII LIRIA VIViPARA Haw. See Orcutt rev 77-78 for descriiuions- ; Llns Puipie and white spns cover the en- the ua^e scU^erii .ere drupi^cd l\^i i^-is nt.o 45 Cacti.—Orcutt. 46 plant of Sonora. New Mexico. Chihuahua. Tex- ple, tubercles cylindrical, slender, 12-14 a.« and Arizona- the plants from San Luis Poto- rrm Icng, with woolly axils; radial spines si is a distinct i-pecieti. about 13, 5-8 mm long, lower ones longer MAMMILLARIA SCHBBRII Muchlpf. and stouter, especially the latest ones pectinate; the central "Globosa mamniillis shorter, straight multiplex: subglobosis and robust; flowers small, yellowiSh-red; sui>erne sulcalis; aculeis radianlibus 2C-22 albis fruit unknown.—Type in Herb. Mo. Bot. adpressissubdistiehis. centralibus 4 reetls fus- Gard. Among rocks, from San Ignacio to Mission San Fernando, Lower Califor- cis, iiifmovalde elongato8-101in. longo "-AGZ nia." 1845, MH; 1&46, 373, is polymorpha [conoidea]. Near San Quintin bay, Baja Cal. (Or- See salmdyckiana. cutt). Cactus brandegei Coulter, U S Na Hb Subgenus DOLICHOTHELE KS. cont 3:76. MAMMILLARIA LONGIMAMMA P SC. MAMMILLARIA GFMINATA Scheidw. MAMMILLARIA SPHAERICA S. —"Lactescens, trnneo geminato; vertice nmbil- icato: iixiliis Innhtis; inaiiiinilliB tetragono-pol- Subgenus LACTESCENTES. Plants de- y»dris, viridibns; are>'lis junioribus IpDHtis, pre.- sed-glo! ose, rarely a little elongated; dein nndis; aculeis exterioribus 6 rectis. stella- jui. e n'iiky; tubercles usually angular ti>!. apice nigrcscentibus; cenirali 1 validiore and somewhat leathery. Flowers as in curvula nisrro Mammil re 4 lin. longjfi: aculei Eumamalaria, but rncstly small. exterioTes 2'-$ lin. longi centrnli« longitndir.e 3 MA?. MILLARIA ANGULARIS L-O. lin."—AGZ 184', 42. 50o lineas vis^iTni!^. 3 inf>»ri(>ribus altero Umio ! ngioribus; eque 2J^-3 longo."— acnleisctriitralibusS. multo validioribus longio- MhlpfdtAGZ1848.20. Texas. rib;isqne, junio ibus cinereo-b unnei'' e ni- a]»if Retel Gartenflora 1880, 52, f. grs, dein earneo cinereis apioe nlgii< ansibus, Buperio'eereot''' eensim recurvat". Inferiore Schecle. Boem Texas, 435 (1849). re<'te (>atenieinferne recurvn'o, utroqne earuni basin ^emi tt-reie. npire rotundat", infe'iori! M. KRaMERI MuehpftAGZ 181.^,347: ferealtero aiKUiii lonciore. Flores parvulirii- "Globosa. basi tandem prolifera: axillislnna- bicnndi, tnbo brevissini'i, oircji o^a^lllm ventri- tis; mammillis angulosis pyramidalis, juniori- (• se d Irtiarii, snperiie coxrc'tato, petalis lanceo laii~ br.fviter r»*rurvatis, ro>ei^ enm linea media bus lanatis, aculeis exterioribus 4-5 rigidis, purpurea. St^iniii.um filamenta ro-eaanthe- central! 1 elongate 13^-2 poll, longo, omnibus al- ipeque sordidf flrtvaj stylus elaminibus lungior bis apice nigris Die pflanze ist aus und rns-iis.Rfginntibus 6 • ii<^ol.;ribu.s. Fliiu'us. iiif

M. MAHCHALACANTHA Cels. expanded, as broad or broader than long. Stamens and M. mutabilis IsBvior Salm, HD ed 2, 120. Sepals appressed. styles shorter than the corolla. mutabilis OK Cactus MAMMILI^ARIA ACICULARIB Lem, M. ieucotricha Scheidw. (leucocarpa) MAMMILLARIA ACTINOPLEA Eh. LEUCOTHICHA Monv. Variety MAMMlLLuARIA ALPINA Mart. M. Djutabilis et funkii Schdw. MAMMILLARIA AMABILIS Eh. M. Senkei Foerst. MAMMILLARIA AMBIGUA G. Don. Variety XANTHOTKICHA Monv. MAMMILLARIA AMOENA Hopff. N. xanthotricha Schdp. Cactus xanthotri- MAMMILLARIA ANCISTRATA Schelh. chus OK. M mutabilis xanthotricha S. MAMMILLARIA ANCISTRIA Walp. M PALLESCKNS Scheidw AGZ 1841, 42. MAMMILLARIA ANDREAE Pf. "Lactescens, cylindiica aut ovata; vertice um- MAMMILLARIA ARGENTEA Fenn. bilicato subacu eis abscondito; axillls maxime MAMMILLARIA ARICTINA Lem. Br. lanatis, lana aculeis adhiurente ct mammillis MAMMILLARIA ARMILLATA K "Stems somewhat attenuate, reaching luvolvente; areolis tomentosis, tandem nudis; 3 dm in hieght, 4-5 cm, in diameter, usu- mammillis polyaedris, laete viridibus, mox ally in clusters of 3-12, from the base, of- ten tubercles some- aculeis 4 cruciatim branching above; pallescentibus; dispositis, what leathery in texture; conical, some- angulatis, recurvis, supremo maximo subtorto, what aigled; axils setose and sparsely radial omnibus carneis." 5500 ft alt Tehuiican. woolly; spines 9-15, 7-12 mm long, rigidis, the inner half whitish or grayish; cen- MAMMII.LARIA MEIACANTHA E. trals 1-4, 10-20 mm lorg, the lower one MAMMILLARIA SEMPERVIVI P DC. hooked and longer, all, and the outer Near Zimjpan, Mexico. part of the radials dark brown, yellow- TROHARTII Hilldm. ish or gray; flowers 1-2 cm long, scarcely MAMMII.LARIA spreadirg, flesh color; fruit red, clavate, Zucc. MAMMILLARIA UNCINATA 11/^-3 cm long; seeds coriaceous, dull Schumann in iudes the following in this black, about 1 mm long, oblipuely obo- vate, ccnstricted above the more slender to us are not milky. group, but as known all basal portion; surface covered with mi- M. CELSIANA Lem. nute, net closely contiguous pits, the in- wrinkled; hi- M. PRAELII Muehlenpf. tervening spaces minutely lum basal, narrow. San Jose del Cabo, M. PYKRHOCKFHALA Scheidw. Baja California. The name is in allu- M. ZEYERIANA P Haage jr sion to the dark bands which encircle the Lemaire. plant, giving it much the appearance of M. CENTRICIRRHA a raccoon's tail."—Katharine Brandegee, M. CROCIUIATA Lemaire Zoe, 5:7 (Je 1900). M. KARWINSKIANA Mart. MAMMILLARIA ATRORUBRA Eh. MAMMILLARIA BICOLOR Lehm. MAMMILLARIA ATROSANGUINEA Near Zimipan,, Mexico. Eh. Variety NIVEA KS. MAMMILLARIA AULACANTHA P DC. MAMMILLARIA CARNEA Zucc. MAMMILLARIA BADISPINA F. Near Zim.pan,, Mexico. MAMMILLARIA BARBATA Engelm. DC. MAMMILLARIA ELEGANS MAMMILLARIA BARLOWII R-K. MAMMILLARIA LAVOVIRENS S. MAMMILLARIA BELLATULA F. MAMMILLARIA HAAGEANA Pf. MAMMILLARIA BERGENII Eh. Karw. MAMMILLARIA MELALEUCA MAMMILLARIA BERGII Mig. MAMMILLARIA MELANOCENTRA MAMMILLARIA BIPURCA Dietr. Pos. MAMMILLARIA BINOPS MAMMILLARIA MUTABILIS Scheidw. Hge. MAMMILLARIA BOCASANA Pos. MAMMILLARIA NIVOSA Link. This beautiful is covered with the fines MAMMILLARIA OBSCURA Hilldm. plant MAMMILLARIA PARKINSONII Eh. tender hair lik*> spines. Near San Luis Mexico. MAMMILLARIA PERBELLA Hilldm. Potosl, PHYMATOTHELE MAMMILLARIA CANDIDA Scheidw. MAMMILLARIA Rebut. Berg. MAMMILLARIA CARRETII MAMMILLARIA POLYEDRA Mart. Is Priiiglei. MAMMILLARIA SEITZIANA Mart. MAMMILLARIA CONICA Haw. Near Zimipan. Mexico. MAMMILLARIA DECIPIENS Schw. MAMMILLARIA SIMPLEX Haw. L >ose tubercled small growing species with delicate & pretty yellow lis. Subgenus EUMAMILLARIA. Plants globose or elongated, with watery juice, MAMMILLARIA DIOICA K. Brandg. and cylfndrical or conical grooveless tu- M. Goodridgii Engelmann (not Scheer?). bercles. P^lowers borne usually in a ring small globular species, closely set with brown- near the top of the plant, cup-shaped or ish or white spines, the central one curved 49 Cacti.—Orcutt. 50

Into a hook. The delicate yellowish v.-hite offered by dealers as M. Galeoteii Scheid, flowers are succeeded by the club-shaped, to which it is not at all related."—Kath- scarlet berries that possess the flavor of wild- arine Brandegee, Zoe 5 1 (ag ItOO ). ? wood strawberries, and are sometimes called MAMMILLARIA "hep-pitallas," the "llavina" of the Mexicans. MICROMERIS E. mushroom found in MAMMILLARIA E LONGATA P DC. cactus, Texas, re- sembles a silk-covered MAMMILLARIA FLAVA E. button, and can be handled MAMMILLARIA FORDII Orcutt. without gloves. The deli- cate, starry net work of snowy-white Ovale, 'J inclier- 111 diauieler, ai.d Hbuiit 3 high, spines over the it rare! y branching at base; tubercles obtuse, }^ green plant gives a beautiful inch across, short, 12 radial spinesciiier ous, % very appearance. -'4 inch long, the soiiiary (entrnl black and Variety GREGG II Engelmann. hooked, !4 inch Ion;;; fl.iwerau inch long, white MA:\ MI LLARIA IVilNIMA R ichb. Mexican spaces, cylindrical, forming numer- wiih about 9 petals a d i> st.pal.-i—the alter with ous heads around the base, which readiiy take pari)lish midvein on the back, 6 htigiuata of a root when detached. About 20 slender white brownish ^ret-n style greenish, fiiamentH white spines radiate from the center of each hemi- in spherical tubercle, enveloping the plant like and aiithe. soraiige yellow ; flowers July; Baja a bit o£ delicate lace; no central spine. Ciihfornia on the wesi Coast, collected for L. M. M ' MMILLARIA NICHOLSONII Mac Foid,lh99. r ear M Goodridgii. I>ow. MAMMILLARIA GLOCHIDIATA Mart. Mp.mm I'arla noga'ensis Runge cat, is recurvata MAMMILLARIA GOODRIDGII Scheer. E. M MMiLLA. lA GRACILIS Ff. MAMMILLARIA OLIVIAE Orcutt. Globose to MAJuMI^i^AxvIA GR.^HAMII E. ovate, 2% inches In diameter, 3 inches high, simple or rarely branched 1 10 3 inches sabgiobose, simple or high, or cespitose: tulrercles ovate, inch branching from t,he base; luberclcs ovate, V* long, axils naked: radials 25-36. ax.ls naked; radicl spines in one series, 20 to snowy white, slender, d. inch 30 in number, 3 to 6 lines long, rigid and rig 14 long, lipper ones centrals 1-3. the whitish, surrounding a siou.er and longer shorter; lower one only an of hooked brown r.ne. Flo'wers small, neany 1 eighth an inch long, erect, rigid, or inch w.de, reddish; berry oval, green, with white tipped p'ih oh'^co'n^^e hrowr: the small pitied seeds. The wel. -known "Arizona two upper centrals slender white or rarely Sipawberry" or small Fishhook Cactus of N. tipped w th brown, 3 t mes as long, CiOse- M., Arizona and Utah, rare in California. ly resembling the radials: lower central but even :iiAJNiM LLARIA (j±.US-XII Rur.ge. rarely longer, occasionally % inch slender or flexrous. brownish Eh. long, MAMMILLARIA HUMBOLDTII and hooked upward—more frequently seen MAMM J LLARIA INCCRVA Sche dw. on the lower outer tubercle.s of youi.g MAMMILLARIA INTRTCATA Otto. plants: fruit scarlet, clavate. with small seeds. Type. Orcutt. No. 26(12:—Of E. snowy MAMMILLAr.IA LASIACANTHA whiteness from 'ts numerous inte'^lacing \ ariety DBXlDATA Engel.nann. spines: ded'caed to the author's life part- ner, has in Mamm.i.aia iiona Pos, is Potts 1. who accompanied him thought on the mountains and deserts Rebut. cf .\rizona, MAM.v-ILLARIA LESAUN.ERI where this beautiful plant occurs. MAMMILLAivIA MAELENII S. Marrmillaria petersonii HIdm, is Heese- MAMMILLARIA MAELENII S. pna MAMMILLAJniA MAINAE x.r. M" millar'a rf^'fferi Bcoth, 's rhodan- "xi^(.m spher.cai to ovate, simple, or tha. branched from the leich- spar ngiy base, MAMMILLARIA B. ing a neight of iLcm; tubercles giaucous, PHELLOSPERMA somewha incurved, cylin-dric, becomiag MAMMILIARIA, PLUMOSA Wtb. conical, 1-1% cm loi g, oiten br.ght reJ in MAMMITLAPIA PT^'I'^-'GLET X Br the naked axi!s; radal sp.nes, 10-15, yel- • P'at'er'n'" Frandeg e 7^e, 5:7, uhi sh- l;e slende c rce lowish, omin^ w.iite, , y es ths nfme ibse! on Cac+rs Prlnglei 6-10 the rather pungent, mm long, upper rnd s*a'e« +ha+ i* seem; to centiala h Co"ltrr\ the shorter; 1-2, bo hooiced, Fcqrre'v differ from M C\rret'i. rarely an addit.onal upper one; lower Sweet. central, usually he o. ly cne,^ nearly MAMMILLARIA PTTSILLA twice as long as the rad as, stout and M-^MMILLAPTA RHODAXTHA L-O. strongly hooked, porrcct, brov n be ow, Oblone- or sub'^ylnd'-''^. SO cm hir^. ".5- blackish above, some'nhat twis'ed; the 10 in fiiameter. o'ten bifrr'-^te- t'-ber'^les second central when present, widely di- conical, 1? mm TonT. S in diameter: w'th varicate, ascending, weaker and shorter; woor-y-»axils- rdal s^in'^s 16-?'^, br'stle- flowers in crown at upper part of stem, likeii^^ite. the lower S-lo mm long- '^e7i- pinkish-white cr ijesn-color, i-lVj tm in tral oT^ines fi or 7, r'g'd. whitish with black length, includ'ng the ovary; f^ty'e whit- tip, 1? mm long: fowers ro~e-''olor. 12 "^m ish, drep'.y, few-lobed; fruit red, g obular, bread; fj-uit 2.5 cm long, cylindrical. Mex- to obovate, shorter than the tubercles; ico. seeds dull-blark, pun'^+ate, a little more MAMMILLARIA SPHACELA'PA Mart. 1 with narrow. than mm long, obovate, y- MAMMILLAE I A SPINAUREA S. linear basal hilum. Named for the co'- lector. Mrs. F. M. Main, who found it in MAMMILLARIA SPINOSISSTMA Lem. Sonora, south of Nogales. It has been MAMMILLARIA STELLA-AURATA Mt. 51 Cacti.—Orcutt. 5* MAMMILLARIA THORNBBRI Orcutt "Collected by Mr. T. S. Brandegee in Cylindrical, 1^4 inch in diameter, usually the vicinity of Sam Jose del Cabo, Baja 2-3 inches high, erect, with 8 or 9 spiral California, in Sept. 1890. (No. 24&, M. rows of tubercles, axils naked; 13-18 slen- Goodrichii, of 'Flora of the Cape Re- der white or brown tipped radials ^4 inch gion'); again Sept. 1893, and for the third long; usually 1 slender flexuous hooked time last year in numerous living speci- central one-fourth to three-fourths of an mens. The spines are from pure white, inch long, tipped with brown; fruit cla- barely tipped with brown, to dark brown, vate. scarlet, containing minute black whitish only near the base. The flowers, seeds. Tips of tubercles olive green, base which appear in September, hide the and axils and sunken portion of plant whole plant, and it is of such low growth tinged with purple; radials usually 13, the as to look like a beautiful cluster of upper sometimes the longest, often brown flowers springing from the sand. The nearly to the base; central occasionally fruit appearing in winter is nearly dry brown, usually the lower half white or and falls very readily' when ripe, leaving yellowish, often hooked upward, but often most of the seeds in the axillary cup. It twisted and turning in every direction. is the only circumcissile Mammillaria Plant proliferous at base, forming numer- known to me."—Katherine Brandegee, ous offsets in the axils of the buried or Zoe, 5:8 (Je 1900). lower tubercles; these quickly take root MAMMILLARIA VEITULA Mart. and usually soon sever connection with the thus dense compact MAMMILLARIA WILCOXI Tourmey. parent, forming 14-16 masses of old and young plants, usually Usually simple, depressed-globose; radials 10 10-50—but in one, not exceptional slender subulate whitish mm perhaps central case, I counted 110 distinct plants, in a long; solitary hooked brownish; flesh color cluster—all originating from axilsi naked. Fruit (16 O 1896) apparently the black the tallest Individual in the group. Occa- faintly tinged with carmine, the sionally a plant, from injuries sustained, seeds showing through transparent becomes bifurcate or forms a number of epidermis. Near Congress and Benson, aerial heads which remain permanently Arizona (Orcutt). attached—but which usually form roots MAMMILLARIA WILDII Dietr. of their own and eventually survive the MAMMILLARIA WRIGHTII E. death of the parent. More than 1 central ZEPHYRANTHOII>ES spine appears very rare, but 2 or three MAMMILLARIA sometimes appear from the same small Scheidw. woolly areola, one or all hooked, of equal Mamillopsis senilis Web, is Mammillaria or varying length. The largest plant senilis Lodd. \ among over 1,000 was 1% inch in diameter and nearly a foot high! Type, Orcutt, No. Genus MKLOCACTUS De CandoIIe. 2583:—Arizona. Curiously the same plant Globose fleshy plants 1-3 feet in diame- was found a few days earlier than by the ribs clus- and ter, regularly ribbed, bearing author by Prof. J. J. Thornber, ters of spines, surmounted with a woolly of the Uni- planted in the cactus garden cylindrical cap closely cet with softer this versity of Arizona, and interesting spines, upon which the small tubular red addition to the cactus flora of the United or rose-colored flowers are borne. Of lit- bear States may therefore appropriately tle value hortitulturally and rarely cul- his name. tivated with success. Generally found in MAMMILLARIA TOADDOAE Lehm. rocky or candy dry situations in tropical MAMMILLARIA UMBRINA Eh. America and West Indies. Web. MELOCACTUS VIRIDESCENS Nutt. MAMMILLARIA VALIDA Nuttall ex Teschem in J Bost Soc Nat MAMMILLARIA VENUSTA K Br. Hist 5:293 (1845).—A synonym of Echino- "Simple, becoming caespitose in clus- cactus viridescens. ters in extreme cases, as many as 40; The Melocacti are natives of the West of, America. heads 2-4, very rarely, in center of large Indies, and tropical clusters, 6 cm high, a little less In diam- eter; tubercles thick and short, concave Genus MYRTILLOCACTUS Console. at the end, greenish, purplish to nearly MYRTILLOCACTUS GEOMETRIZANS C white, glaucous; axils only slightly wool- Oereus geometrlzans Mart. ly, soon marked; radial spines, . 9-15, Cereus cochal Orcutt. stout, 6-12 mm long; centrals typically solitary, 10-15 mm, sometimes 2 or 3, in GeniMi PELKCYPHORA Ehrenb. a single specimen 4, porrect-spreadig, PELECYOPHORA ASHLLIPORMIS Ehrenlx the 3 upper very short; flowers about 4 cm In diameter, rose-color, widely The Hatchet cactus is a little gfem lance- spreading, tube very short; petals from Mexico, so-called from the shape olate acute, recurved-spreading; style- of the tubercles. It bloomed in San branches 5, apparently rosy brown; fruit 1^-12 cm long, scarlet, linear, cir- Diego on May day, scarce % inch in cumscissile some distance above the base, and breadth, with thirteen rather length nearly dry; seeds oblong-obovate, colored and less than one mm long, constricted above bright magenta petals the basal portion, which is half as long seven or eight pale lavendar sepals, and nearly as wide as the upper; surface the four stigmata white, style and fila- the much ob- dull, minutely pitted, pits ments tinged with purple, and anthers scured by delicate intervening striae; hi- lum basal, large and triangular. bright orange. The largest plant

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31 Cacti.— Orcutt. 22 PILOCEREUS ALBISPINUS Rumpl. ?Cactus lanatns HBK novgen etsp6:68 ?Cereus lanatns DC 3:464. Foerster, handbcact, ed'2, 649. prodr Pilocereus haagei ms. Peru KS natpflzf 111 (6a) 180; Mon 187. Poselger Lem. CereusalbispinusSobs botS (1822); HD ed 2, PILOCEREUS DIVARICATUS Ft en 85. Foerster 385. Lab 341. PILOCEREUS ERYTHROCEPHAL.US 45. KS. Cereiis crennlatus S HD ed 2, 45. Pf en 85 F KS Mon 195. Argentine Republic. 382. dobs hot 6 (1822). PILOCEREUS EXERENS KS. Cereus crenatus Lab 341. K8 nat pfizf III (6aj 181; MfK 4;65; Alon 184 f 39. Cereus octagon us et decagonus Hort, Pf en 85. Cereus exerens Linkeex Pf en 99; Web diet CeieuB acromelas Otto Ind oact hort Berol 1833 280. fide Pf en 84 Curacao Cereus virens Pf en 99:—"C. erectus simplex Vaiiety CHENATUS 'l,.rt PILOCERBLS COERULESCENS Lem. 5 angu aris; siuubus acutis, tandem planis; cos- tis rotuiidatis; areolis subremotis, lulvis, vix Pilocereus auiiryuuus Ccls promiiieniibus, lanuginotis; acu!eis4—5 8ubular Cereus aethlops Haw phil mag 1830, 109. tis fulvis brevissimis deorsiiin spectantibus, fide 85. Cereus mendory Hort Pf en ' central! 1 horizontali fusco rigido. Cereue coerulescensS HD33o. I'fen85. Foerster 387. 8 47. Lab 359 (non DC). Pilocereus glaucescens Lab in part. Cereus afflnis Hort Berol, Pf en 99. CELSIANUS Lem. PILOCEREUS Cereus warmingii h S Fl Br 204. Lem cat eels; Kev li Mrtic 1802, 428. l)ereu-< articulatus Hort non PfeifFer. ed 2. 185 Salin-Dyck CHCt HD 43, Cereus tilophorus PfAGZ 3:380: en 100. Foerster hHn bcact < t)53 d2, Cereus sublanatus S333; Pf en 100; Lab 360. Vlon. 270. Labouret .graph Foerster handb cact 40i, ed 2,687. K SchumKniinat pHzf 111 (6a) 186; Mon 179. Pilncereus HoulletiaTius Lem non houlletil. I,ab hort iv sr 25 Pilocereus fossulatus rev 4, pilocereus oligogonus Foerster catSencke; (1855). Lem rev hort i862, 418. F 660. han'lb cact ed2, 677. Lem rev hort 1862, 428. Cruncher Gai d chroa 1873, 983 f .• Pilocereus virens Lem 111 hort 1866, misc 20. IMloceieus foveolaius Lab cat Cels 1858. non MathssMfK 2:39 f. l.emaire. We quote Schumann in above synonymy who Pilocereus ^illiamsii Lem rev hort, 1862, 428. calls it a Brazilian, while PfeifTer says Mexico! Pilocereus Bruennowii et KMngleri Haagejr P LOCEREUS FIMBRIATUS Lem. ex F.jerstei haudb cact ed -l, 651, 671. Pli^UCEREUd FULVICEPS vVeb. Variety L.VN^ i-lNGSlOR Salm KS Mon 176. BKUENNOWII Karl Schumann. Pilocereus Hoppenstedtii Web in part fide KS. GKAUlLluR KS. Tehuacan, Puebla, Mexico. WILLTAMSlI KS All BoHvio. PILOCEREUS GOUNELLEI Web. pi: doe REUS CHRYSACANTHUS Web. PILOCEREUS HERMENTIANUS L-C. Mexico. .^eiiuaca.i, ii'uebla, LemetConsIllhoriXlIl t 469. Pilocereus chrysomallus Ltm, is Cephal- o:ereus chrytomallus i.de ivS. Foerster handb cact ed 2, 666. P. ocere.s co uii na-tra'ani F, is Cephal- KS Mon 186. cc.reus coluana-tra fide KS. ar^i Cereus hermentianus Monv 111 hort VI misc PiLCCEIEUS COMET£S Mittl. 1850. Lem Kev hort 186, 410. Foerster handb cact ed 2, ^1. PILOCEREUS HOPPENSTEDTII Web. K S nat pflzf I II (6a) 180; Mon 190. Weber Im cat Pfersdortf 1864. Cereus couietes Schied A GZ 8:339. Foerster handb cact ed 2, 667. S 1842, ed 1*3. Pilocereusjubatus 24; 2,40, KS MfK 4:80; Mon 1?7. Foerster356;ed2,6 1. Lab28' Cephalocerens hoppenstedti KS nat pflzf III Lem rev hort 1862, 427. (6a) 181. Cereus flavicomusS ed 2, 46, 202. F G87. Pi'ocereus hogendorpii Reg in Gartenflora, Labouret, Monogr347 (1853). 18.59, 220 (noa huogendorpii). Pilocereus flavicomus Rumpl, F ed 2, 657. Pilocereus lateralis VTeber. Pil ;)Cereusauratu8 Lab Gruson cat. Viejo is \he Mexican name for this "San Louis Potosi." unique/ plant, the name signifying an old PILOCEREUS DANTWITZII Hge. man, while Pilocerus Ho^letti Is called Vieja—the old woman—the one bearing an Gardchroii 1873 1 7 f j. Hange, edible fr^it, the other said by the na- Van Houtte in Flore desSerr 13 :33t 2163. tives to feear no fruit. El \iejo grows Foerster handb cact ed 2, 657 f. 15 to 2> fe-t high, rarely brancning ex- cept irom in urie^ sustained; of equal KS nat III .Mon 194. pflzf (6a) i80; size at the top and bottom tut of an en- Seltz? larged diameter between. Ribs 19-25, ob- »3 Cacti.—Orcutt. 2J tuse, Intervals very shallcw, the number of ribs increasing with age by bifurca- tion and new ones appea ing above the forks. Areolae one-quarter inch apart, small, young plants bea in? 30 or mo-re slender flexuous white sp iies 't-9 inch s long; spines at length deciduous' or near- ly so, the ribs often with a continuous woody ridge enclosring the a eolae. Our Illustration well shows the b.-auty of a young plcint, but in no way depicts the er mature grtwth; c , ih top sli^hJy bent, and Oinument d w th a mass of whitish wcol which ctntiu. es en one side a third of the way do. n- the lower poi- tlon ye'low fr m age. Stats of Oaxaca prd Puebla. Mexi' o (Orcutt 2705).

PILOCEREUS HOULBTTII Lem.

ine distant; spines on sterile part short, tout, 4-6 radials and 1 central; the spnes on fertile part 1-4 inchesi long, pendulous, orming a reddish-gray beard, in which he flowers and small fruit are nearly hidden. Seeds large, with hooked cotyl- edons. Sonora, Variety AUSTRALIS K. Brandegee. "Stems more slender and upright than CBREUS HOPPBNSTBDTI. the northern forms; ribs in the fertile ends, often as many as 10; areolae small- PILOCBRUS LANUGINOSUS Rumpl. er, and mart distant, and the long sp'nes Pllocereus lateribarbatus Rumpl, Is ccmmonly fewer and stouter; abortive Cephalocereiis columna-trajani fide KS. spine or gland (?) below the acute base Pllocereus militarls Hort, is chrysomal- or areolae more conspicuous."—Kathar- lus. ine Brandegee, Zoe, 5:4. PILOCBREUS MORITZIANUS L-C. Near Guaymas. Sono'ra (Orcntt). CEREUS PALMERI Engelm. T'lLOCEREUS SCO PAR If S Pos. "Stems branching, 3 or 4 angled, 12-15 P T OCEREITS SENILIS Ltm. dm high; spines in greenish-brown bunch- CEREUS SEND IS Salm. es; fruit greenish-yellow, its areolae bear- Is Cephalocereus senilis Pf. ing 5-8 stout spines. Type, Palmer 70 of T'TLOCT^FT'^TTS STRTCTUS T?umpl. 1869 in hb Mo bot gard. Sonora."—Coul- PILOCEREUS TETETZO Web. ter, Cont Na hb 3:i01. PrLOCEREUS URBANIANTJS KS. PIL.OCBRBUS PENTAEDROPHORUS Pllocereus VeU'^zoi Lem, Is Cephalocere- Cons. I's melocactus fde TCS. PILOCEREUS POLYGONUS KS. PIT^OCERBUS VERHBINEI Rumpl. PILOCERBUS POLYLrOPHUS S. CEREUS WBBERl Cotilter. PILOCEREUS ROYENII Rumpl. 'Plant about 10 m high, with a regular PILOCEREUS RUSSELLIANUS Rumpl candelabra form of branching (2 main CEREUS SARGENTIANUS Orcutt. branches ea-^h producing rear the base 2 PILOCEREUS SARGENTIANUS Orcutt other branches, all ascending), branches PILOCEREUS SCHLUMBERGERI and main stem of same d'ame'er, angled Web. and glaucous; areolae 3-5 rva apart; spines PILOCEREUS RCHOTTII Lem. stout, bulbous at base; radials 10 or 11, 2-5 CEREUS SCHOTTII Engelm. cm long; central solitary, 6-10 cm Stems 8-10 from the same base, 4-10 feet lo"f. lateral'lv coninresped. som-etlmes hish., 4-5 Inches in diameter, ribs 4-7, areo- a little d«flexed; f owers lateral, white, i-1) 25 Cacti.—Orcutt. 26

cm long; fruit 'as large as a small or- ed, the lowest usually the most flattened ange,' covered with small scales bearing and sword-like (2-3 mm broad): flowers axillary wool and spines. Type, Weber, red, 4-5 cm long, with conspicuous woolly material in hb Mo tot gard. 'A few miles and spine-beaiing arealae over the ovary south of Tehuacan', Puebla, Mexico."— and lower part of the calyx. Type in hb Coulter, Cont Na hb 3:410. Brandegee^ El Campo AUemand and San Gregorio, Baja California."—Coulter, PILOCE.REUS SCOPARIUS Pos. Cont U S Nat hb 3:389 (1 Ap 1896). "Aborescens raniosiis 20-23 pedes altus, trun- This has much the same aspect as Cer- eus Engelmanni, with similar variations 00 diametro 2-3 pollicari. Ramis juniores non- in the color of the spines, and bears a dum florentes 12-15 costati, costis obtusis cren- similar edible fruit. areolis 8-12 lin. inter se dist.".ntibus nudis ulatis, CEREUS C^ESPITOSUS . subproiuinentibns, aculeis radian tibus 5, cen- CEREUS CHLORANTHUS E. trali uno valido pollicari. Ramise lores flores CEREUS CINERASCENS P DC. producentes tenuiorea 20-25 e<'Stati, costis hu- C. CIRRHIPliKU'5 Lab men 311:— milioribus obtusioribns et multo inagis confer- "Tige rameuse. tres-prolifere, caespitose: ram- tis, areolis confertissimis, auuleis exterioribus eaux a 5 cotes arrondies, siibtuberculees, con- liu. setiformibus cen- 5-7; 10-12 longis bruiineis, vexes; sillons aigus; areole^ rondes; 10 aiguil- trali uno. Flores rarisimi parvi subcarapanu lons exterleurs tres-ouverts, adinimes, ronds, 126. latiiubiciindi. Piopela Soiedad.—AGZlS-W, blancs, transparents, noduleux a la base, 4iute- rieurs ertges,egalement noduleux a la base, de . Subgenus ECHINOCEREUS E. "Low • and usiany cespitose pants, nios ly with memes couleurs que les autres, chamois a la short numerous oval or cylindric htals, base; tout contournes irregulier^ment. Ram- fljwars, green st gmas, and spiny fruit; eaux de 5-6 et 10 cent, de sur 3 et demi de seeds subglobos^, covered with c ntluent long 3, t'lLer.les: en bryo straight, with very diametre; areoles eapacees de 15 mm, nues ou shirt cotylcd r.s. garnies do tomentum court et rare; aiguillons CEREUS ACIFER Otto. exterie'irs, 4 em de. long; aiguilloBs interieurs, 1 Echmocerena acifer 1 em lact 57. 4etdemia5 cm de ng; tous noduloux et Echinotereu.i durangensis Pos ex F ed 2, 799. chamois a lafcase, blaiics, transparents, contour- nes, qnes-uns eontourne.-! en forme de vrille Variety BUEVIiiPINULUS Jac. s'appliquant sur la Fleur Variety DU ANGKMsIS Uort. plant. tres-belle, Variety TEN. ISSPINl S Jac. grande, rouge cramoisi vif, dit-on. Mexique." C. adustus E,is pectinatiis var? CEREUS CTEiNOIHES E. CEREUS E. C BLAXCKII Pos AGZ 1853, 131:— DASYACANTHUS EchiHocerens "C. 6 viridi uigiicans.5-0 poll alius diametro degandii Rebut cat. Echinocereus sesquipollii ari apite attei uatus, costis 8-10 ver- dasyacanChus Lem ract 57. ticaliter decurren ibus, a;eolis gibbis mamir.se- Plant 5-12 inches high, densely covered forniibus aculeis exieonbus 8-10 with numberless delicately colored lu»ertis, imdis, and spines, summis cen- hearing large ^howy oranere yellow 8einipollicaribu> fiisci's, minimis, flowers. El Paso, Texas, and Mexico. '' tral iuii pollicari. Prope Camargo Variety NEO MEXICANUS Coul er. CEREUS BERLANDIERI E. "Differ- in tb? remote areolae (1.5 cm fewer Echini.ceveiis berlai.dieii Lem cact56. apar"), spines (11 radials and 4 cen- trals), which are much stouter, 10-12 mm KS nai ISs: .Moii 25(5. lorg, radiating, scarcely (if at all) pecti- Stems 11/^-6 inches long, an inch thick, nate, and larger seed (1.5 mm in diameter). bearing sweet-sented purple flowers 2-4 Type. Wrght 3f6 in hb Mo hot gard. Southea-^tern New Mexico."— inches in native of Coulter, diameter; a southern Cont Na hb 3:r84. Texas and Mexico. CEREUS DUBIUS E.

CEREUS BRANDEGEI Cou.ter. Echinocereus duhius Fed 3, 787 KS men 276. Caespitose, often 2 feet or more across, CEREUS EHRENBERGI Pfeiffer. co.jsistlng of lew to many cylindr.cal Suberpct, flactid, 6 obtuse heads mostly 6 or 8 Inches high, l%-2 in green; repand-tu- diameter, with 8 or 9 interrupted, strong- berculat-> ribs, areola subremote, with stiort tube. cu ate ly r.b^. The poung spines white wool; 8-10 radial spines, 4 longererect frequently tinged with brilliant magenta, centrals, all Real the older spines vaiic. ble In color, often slender, rigid, light yellow. of an ivory white with centrals of a deep del Monte.Mexico.— Pf AGZ1840, 282. magenta—making a very hanasome color- CEREITg effect. "Spines at first variegated, dark ENGELMANNI Parry. and reddish, tecoming more or less ashy- Engeimann'scushion cactus. Heads sev. black; radials 10-16, ligld, terete, radiant, eral (sometimes, though rarely, a hundred,) 4 mostly uniform, 8-12 mm long; centrals to 12 inches high, cylindric or with 11 almost a'ways 4, very stout and promi- ovate, nent, 3-4 cm long, cruciate, consplcuouslv to 13 ribs bearing bunches of about 13 pale angled and sometimes twist- compressed, radiating spines, and about 4 darker (yellow. 27 Cacti.— Orcutt. 28 or bntfwn black), stout and angular, straight fornia."—Jones, Am naturalist 17:973 or curved central spines, 1 to 3 inches long. (S li83). Cereus glomeratus et ttaviflorus E. C. Flowers very numerous, bright magenta, oiften sanborgianus? C. mari.lmus Cculter, in ^ inches across, followed by delicious fruits, part. with mucb the same flavor of a strawberry, CEREUS MOJAVENSIS Engelm. red, pulpy, filled with black seeds. Utah, CEREUS PACIFICUS E. Cereus and Arizona. phoeniceus var. pacificus En- California, Baja Oalifornia gelm, MS. CEREUS ENNEACANIHUS E. "Plant cespitose, 1-4 feet in diameter, CBREU9 FENDLERI E. few to 500 short stems (6-9 inches long and inches in in Bot :i)agt6533; Weber diet 278. 2-214 diameter) each, forming dense oval Echinocereus fendleri F ed 2, 801. cushions; stems with 10-U ob- tuse A queer irregular caespitOEe plant of ribs, shallow intervals, and an equal number of Arizona, New Mexico and Sonora, rarely internal ligneous fibers; radial more than 12 heads in a cluster, S'tems 3-4 spines 1-12 and of an average length of Inches in diameter and about 6 inches one-fourth inch, the 4 cen'ral spines lar- high, distinguished by the one usually ger, three-fourths to 1 inch long, slender, black central spine, which often curves white; flower an inch across, icluding the upward. Flowers magenta colored. ovary li^ inches long, the oblong spatu- CEREUS GLOMERATUS E, Is C. Mari- late sepals bright red with a broad pur- timus Jones. plish m4d vein; ovary and fruit with 25-30 CEREUS KNIPPELIANUS Oicu.t spiny areolae; fruit fleshy with numerous Echinocereus knippelianus Liebn. small seed; stamens slender, as long as MfK 5:loii, 17.); KS Ui.m itZ f 47. sepals; anthers small, red; style three- E. liebnerianu>» "(vfiri)' l^.alt cmci jour2:'2o2. fourths inch long, stigmata 6-8, greenish." Crcu'.t. CEREUS LEONENSIS —Or 2:46 Echinc cereuo iton_ns s MaiiiS. W (Je 18S6). CEREUS LONGISETUS E. Type locality, near Todos Santos bay, Lower California. Echinocereus Leui tait 57. lungisetiis CEREUS PECTINATUS E. Is viridiflorus fide Oniii t rev 32. MAMILLATUS Variety CENTRALIS Coulter. CEREUS Hge. "Plant G-8 cm high; centrals usually 4, CEREUS MARGINATUS DC. the lowest very short (3-i mm) and cor- rect, the upper 2 or 3 as long as the radi- at "St'eni simple or brancbing apex, als (scmetimes longer), and recurved up- erejt, dark green, 5-7.5 cm :n diame.er, ward. Type, Wilcox of 1894 in Na hb. Ar- acute wool- r-bs 5-7, obtuse, with .ntervals, izona, near Fort Huachaca."—Coulter, ly through the whole Ungth on account of Cont Na hb 3:286. the ccn utnt areo ae; tpines 7-9, short (4-6 CEREUS POLYACANTHUS Engelm. mm) and conical, r gid, grayisn (ycunger ones purpMsh-b.acx, the central scarcely Echinocereus polyacanthvisF ed 2, 790 f. flower brownish distinct fr_m the rest); Cereus leeanus Hooker bot maa t 4417; Hems Sicnder-tubular, 3-5 cm long-; fruit purple, 543; Weber diet 278. globular and spiny. Type unknown. From San Luis Fotosi southwe-t through- Echinocereus leeanus Lem cact57; F ed3, 828- out M'xicD. Thi s.em is oiien covered Cereus multicostatus Cels cat. with a and the woolly con- woody crust, Coreus pleigonns Lab mon 317. fluent areolae aae often double. It is said to be freuently used for hedges in south- CEREUS POSELGERIANUS A. Lke. ern Mexico."—Cculter, Cont Na hb 3:3j9. Ichinocereus poselgeiianus A Lke AGZ1857, Zuce ex Pfr Enum 96. Cereus j^err.matvs 239; F ed 2. 77.-): KS nat 185; mon i:57 (non pos-ri). CEREUS MARITIMUS M. E. Jones. CEREUS PROCUMBENS E. 'n a bur "Caespitose, heads 5-2.0 oh, CEREUS RIGIDISSIMUS Engelm. whicii is often 2-B feet in diameter and a foot h gb; tach plant cylindiicil, o a e Cereus pectinatus, var? rigidissimus H or in imail S-ecnens a most lound, 1%- Am ac pr 3:279; Mexican boundary R, 31; 4 inches long", ti ree-fourths to 1% wide; collected writings 136, 195. candicans of . pri/ cipal tp n3s 4. stia'ght, angled and Echinocereus catalogs. somewhat iwistcdi at bas?, 11% irc.es The R-.inbov,' Cactfs of So\i1hern Ari- long, bereath tl-.ese are 8-10 vtr.- shoit zona and Sonora is noted for the beautiful spines which are ei.ner stiaight or and varied coloring of the all radiatiiis hooked; spines light brown, except when and interlocking, extremely rigid and young, then red at base, springing from acuto spines, the latest ones of each sea- flowers son rcse-colore 1, and the earVest a very short tut cop ous woo ; being light yellow, aboi t .14 a.ches long and ones a pale yellowish, this I'orming varie- wide: pe als cblanceolate or obovate, gated rirgs F round the stems. Flowers roundea, mar- i i irregular- ovary obo- 2y—Z inches high. 2 rr 3 in diameter. va'.e. gessile or £h 'it stalked, covered CEREUS ROEMERI F. witii lu.chrs of whit 3 or yellow, often CEPETS ROEITERI E. booked, short spires ard crisped w^ol; fruit not mature. Encenada, Baja Cali- CEREUS STRAMINEUS Engelm. 29 Cacti.—Orcutt. 30

CEREUS SUBINERMIS Hem. "Caiile globoso Isete virldi, costls numerosissi- CEREUS VIRIDIFLORUS Engelm. mis (3.5-40) valde compressis parum undulatis The Green-tlowered Cereus of the Rocky ad pulvillos con'ertis juniori- Mountains is especially beautiful on ac- inflatis, pulvillis count of the red, purple and white spines bus albldo-velntinis, aculelgsnperioribiis 3ap- with which the plant is covered. Flow- planatis intermedio validissimo, cum centrali- ers numerous, and quite large showy, bus 2subulatis bifarie patentibus, basi stramln- light-yellowish-green, very and eas- hardy 8 ily grown. eis siiperne fulvido-brnnneis, inferioribus Genus CLEISTOCACTUS Lemaire. multo gracilioribus patentibus albidis. Gaulis C. robustus, validus, diametro quadripollicari et baumanni Lem in 111 Hort viii Misc 35; Cact 59, based) on Cereus tweedii Bot ultra, acu'eis tectus poUiceni ad sesquipollicem Mag t 4498. longis. Unica hucusque species est in hacce C. cOiUbrlnus Lem in IllHort viii Misc 35; Sectione aciilcis centralibusduobus Flores ig- Cact £0, is Cereus coiUbr:nus. noti." 31. C. 1 hoc acanthus Lem in I I Hort viii HDed 2, 161, Msc 35; Cact bl; ;s Echinopsis rhoda- ECHINC CACTUS ACUTISSIMUS O-D. cantha. N? ALBATUS Dietr. Genus CONSOLEA L'maire. ECH CACTUS KS. C. catacantha Lem Rev Hort (1862) 174 ECHINOCACTUS ALTEOLENS Cact 91; is Opuntia catacantha. ECHLVOCACTUS AMBIGUUS Hildm. C. ferox Lem Rev Hort (1862) 174; Cact 91 is ECHINOCACTUS ANFRACTUOSCS Cpuntia ferox. M:.rt. C. leucacantha Lem Rev Hort (1862) 174 Cact 91; is Opuntia leucacantha. ECHINOCACTUS ARRIGENS L-O. C. rube ce-s Lem, Rev Kort ix Misc 26 ECHINOCACTUS ASTERIAS Zucc. (18 2) ; Cact fO; is Opunt'a rubescens. Is II C. spnosissima Lem, Rev Hoit ix Misc .Astpiphytu myii.)Si'gma. 62; Cact 91; is Opuntia spino=issima. ECHINOCACTIS BEGUINII Web. Gems CORYPHANTHA Lemaire. ECHINOCACTUS BICOLOR Gal. Eased on the subg nus Co-\ phantha Near San Luis Potosi, Mexico. E'igelmann. of Mammillari^, and J4 spe- Variety SCH )TTIi Kugelmanii. cies and one variety r^pmed, without de- Echincciactus bolansis Runge, is bi olor. scriptions. In I es Cactees, 34-3S. C. acan- thosterh' s, aulaco'hele, ca''^a'ata, ou va, ECHINOCACTUS BREVIHAMATUS E. corrifera, elcphantid^ns, eiecta, j^eh^ a 1- ECHINOCACTUS CALIFORNICUS Mon. ni. loricata. macromeris, otto "is, pvcna- -CTUS etr cantha, raphidacantha, scheeri, schltch- ECHINOC CAPRICORNUS D tendalii, and sulcolanata are presumably ECFINOCACTUS CASTANEO-DES bas^d on species of MammiHaria of the Cels. same names. C. daimonoceras 's probab- Echin^cactus cjas anens s Ho t, is bi- ly '. scolymoides C. corsp'cu^, Engel- colur. n-anri. pianii' ligera. h^t romorp-a, Hooker!, rnd ^uba-ata are nomlna nudi. ECHINOCACTUS CENTETERIUS Lem. C. brnimamma, exsu ans. irrpex coma, ECHINOCACTUS CERATITES Otto. a-d Nnttrl' 1 fre na-^^^s cr'-dited to Le- ECHINOCACTUS CHILENfcIS H.ldm. ir.a're in Foester (Handb ed 2). C. ancia- t' rantha is - ECHINOCACTUS CHRYSACANTHION amed by Lemaire as a vari- KS. e'y of raphid?cant>!a, C. plandulifera a-d heter>phylla Lem. in Index Kewen- ECHINOCACTUS CHRYSACANTHUS O. sis, £r? evident y errors. Globose to cylin-Jrical, wi h about 18 Genus Link ribs and 10 fiexuous annulated central ECHINOCACTUS & Otto. ppines 2 inches long, arid 4 to many slen- "F'owers about a« 'ong as wide. O'^'ary der white radial spines. Flowers satiny CO' ere 3 wif^ sep lo d scries naked or yellow, more rarely crimson. Cedros Is- V 00 'y in their ex 1=. Fruit siccul- nt or land. Fometi-ncs dry covered wth pesistent ECHINOCACTUS CONCINNUS Monv. cal x-scp1^s, s^rosfr-es cnveloned in co- ECHINOCACTUS pious pnd COPTONOGONUS Lm. vool, usuclly crowned with the N€ar San Luis Potosi, Mexico. prrsicf^nt remrants of the flov.-or. Seed obliquely obovate. black. Fmbryo curved Variety MAJOH alm-Dyck. cer the STrall albumen- cotyl°dcns par- ECHINOCACTUS CORNIGERUS DC. al'e' to th"^ sides of the seed.—Mostly iSear San Luis Potosi, Mexico. large, somet'mes gigantic. g'ob"se or de- E^^INO'^^CTT'S r^R' pressed, or cvate, or larely subcyrrdric, NODES Otto. State of Rio Grande do Brasil. simple or verv rarelv cespi'^ose; bunches Sul, o*" ppines on the more or less vertical ribs. ECHINOCACIUS COXII KS. FVwers contiguous to ar>d above the ECHINOv^ACTUS CRISPATUS DC. spines, on the 'atest e^rowth of the plant, oft-^n from the rascent woo areo'ae ECHINOCACTUS CT'MTNGII KopfE. ly South America. a'^d therefor^ more or less vertical, open Bolivia, orly in sunlight."—B. ECl INoACTUS CUKVISPINUS Colla. Ec'-i-ocactus acutangulus Zucc, Is cory- ECHINOCACTUS CYLINDRACEUS B. nodes. ECHINOCACTUS DENUDATUS L-O. Brazil, South America. E. abrocentrus Ktiebn. ? BPHINOCACTUS DICHROACANTHUS E. ACANIHIOX Salm-Dyck. Mart. 31 Cacti.— Orcutt, 32 ECHINOCACTUS DURANGBNSIS Rge. Lyman M. Ford, of San Diego, who has EiCHINOCACTUS E-BENACANTHUS taken a great interest in cacti. Appar- Monv. ently the same plant was distrib t^d in, 1894. from BCKINOCACTUS ECHIDNA P D-C. near San Ou ntin bay. as a foim of E. peninsulas. "—Orcutt Rev 81; ECHINOCACTXJS ECHINOIDES Lem. 56 (nomen). Bolivia, South America ECHINOCACTUS EHRBNBBRGII Pf. ECHINOCACTUS GIBBOSUS P DC. BCHINOCACTUS EDBCTRACANTHUS Argentine Republic. Lem. ECHINOCATUS GLADIATUS S Echinocactus ellipticus Lem, is bicolor. ECHINOCACTUS GLAUC US KS. ECHINOCACTUS EOWINOCAfTr^S G-BISSEI Pos. EMORYI Engelm. ECHINOCACTUS GRANDlCORNIS Cylindrical, rarely exceeding 2 feet in Lem. diameter and 6 feet in ribs height; sharp, ECHINOCACTUS GRU°ONIT Hildm. usually tuberculate and 21 in number; ra dials 5 or ECHINOCACTUS HiiBMATACANTHUS more, usually 8, stout, annu- Monv. lated, terete, white or reddish, yellowish, Tehuacan. Puebla, Mexico. ashy, commonly straight or curved in- ECHTNOCACTUS HASELBERGII F ward, 1-2 inches long; the 1 central or Hge s.r. straight more or less curved down- Brazil, South America. ward, 2-3 inches otherwise like the long, ECHINOCACTUS HASTATUS HpfCr. radials. EIOHINOCACTUS HAYNEI Otto Gila Bend, Arizona, southward to near ECHINOCACTUS HETEROCHROMUS Guaymas. Sonora (Orcutt 2578, 2605). Web. Echinocactus equltans Scheidw, is hori- EICHINOCACTUS HEXAEDROPHO- zon thalorlus. BUS Lem. ECHINOCACTUS ERECTOCENTRUS C. Near San Luis Potosl. Mexico. ECHTNOCAC: US ^RINA EUS Lem. BCHINOCATUS HILCBNSIS Hildm. Sta^e cf R;o Grande do Sul, rJiasi.. EOHINOOACTUS HORIZONTHALONIUS Lem ECHINOCACTUS EXCULPTUS Otto. Near San Lu's Potosi Mexico. BCHrNOCACTUS HORRIPILUS Lem. ECHINOCACTUS FALCONERI Orcutt. ECHINOCACTUS HUM^LIS R A Phil Plant cylindrical in age, 9-12 inches in ECHINOCACTUS HYPTIACANTHUS diameter, usually under 2 feet high, light Lem. apple green in color, with a withered ap- BCHINOCACTUS INGENS Zucc. not pearance (perhaps normal) ; ribs tu- Plant 2-5 feet high, 1-2 in diameter, berculate, acute, spirally inclined (hence simple, or occasionally form- called Broliferous, caracola, "snail", or biznaga cara- kig enormous masses as much as 10 feet to cola), usually 13, rarely 17, intervals in diameter! Ribs 25-32, of en bifurcate, radial narrow and deep; spines 10 or less, acute, tuberculate-interrupted, areolae 1 grayish white, flattened, flexuous, 1-2^ inch long, an inch aparf, or, ia eld plants, inches long and laterally disposed; central forml'-g a cent nuois woolly ririgs along spines 7, stout, strongly annulated, red- the ribs, the depre sed top rlense'y to- dish browm, the 3 upper and 3 lower of mentose> envelopi g the flowers and about equal length, divergent, 1-3 inches fruit. Spines all stout, annula ed. long, terete or slightly angled, straight; straight, the 4 cent als of rearly equal the longest central erect, straight, flat- length, 114 inch long, divergent, the r^- tened or channelled above, i/4 inch broad dlais three-fourths inch lone or less, 3-4 or less, varying from 1 to 6 inches in above and 3 be'ow th^ cent'-pl^—some- length sometimes on the same plant, uni- times 21 or more additional radials ,1a ter- formly about % inch at the tip turned ally disposed. Flower 2 m-hes aerosi=-, downward at right angles with the main 1 and three-fourths ong; retals about ?0, portion of the spine, forming a short acute, Vi inch broad, canary j ellow, tip- hook. Named in honor of William Fal- ped with a tinge of rose; about 33 long coner. Type, Orcutt, No. 2603:—Batamo- narrow acute sepals and scales on the tal. Sonora, Mexico. ovary with woolly axi's. Anthers, fila- Flower and fruit will be described later, ments and style rich orange yellow; st'g- but resemble those of E. Wlslizeni, with mata 7, V* inch lorg. speeding, style which the plant has perhaps hitherto three-fourths inch long; anthers small, been confounded. filaments short. Flowers deeply imbed- ECHINOCACTUS FLAVOVIRENS ded in the dense copious wool an inch Scheid'W. lorg that fills the depressed too of the Tehuacan, Puebla, Mexico. plant. Plant dark ap-^le green, young plarts eppe'^ially d'=>corated " 1 h brad ECHINOCACTUS FOEDII Orcutt. ho izo tal ba^ris of maroon on 'he ribs, "G"obose, 6 inches rr more in diame- 7ebra-like t 'he areolae on the r-fbs rrar- ter, with about IS tuerculatcd narrow g'ned with bands f mareon. This is one ribs closely set with c'rsters of stout of the largest ^f he viz^pga plar^ts, rsed 'n ashy gray sp ms. 4 c ntra , amulated, mak n^ dulce«.' S ft^ rf u b'a. the "ongest Wi i-ches lonj:. and hooked; M-x"co (Orrutt 2 37). Carloads of thpse 2 slender spines above with a'lout 14 r!i- rla-ts are sad to be annually used in the vergent rada's: * ow3r fin n^h pcross, n"t've cenfectionery -^ons. abcu ."2 ro::e purple reals n 2 seres, Mrs. Anna B. Nirkrls rrentlons a s'ngle 9 gree"ish st gmata, sty e tin red with plant sent to ETro-^e that we'ghe«^ four red, fllanrenls r d at to > ar d y low at to"c-! i>r. C. C. Parry rites the woor-<' or base, anthers orange yellow. Nexr La- Filk I'ke substa^e p o ucei si abu-^- goon Head, Baja California, Named Tor dantly at its depr..sied summit, as col- 33 Cacti.— Orcutt. 34

Icoted rnd emplryed fo" stuffing' pillows, ECHINOCACTUS MICROMERIS Wei er. and Don. Louis Escha 'zer complains of Weber, Bios diet 804. K Br Zoe 5:5. h;i\ ing lied to p.Cv spines cut of b^ds Mammillaria micromeris E. Epithelan- made of this material. Ribs said to ^ary tha micromeris Weber. from 20 to "0 n num er. Gieatest record- ECHINOCACTUS MICROSPERMUS ed hfight 9 feet, diameter 9% ftet. Web. ECHINOCACTUS INTERTEXTUS Em. Argentine Republic. ECHINOCACTUS JOHNSONII Engelm. ECHINOCACTUS MINUSCULUS Web. Johnson's hedghog cactus was named Argentine Republic. for J. E. Johnson, an early Mormon ECHINOCACTUS MITIS R A Phil. who discovered it about S. ECHINOCACTUS MULTICOSTATUS naturalist, Kiidm. in southern Utah. It is a George ECHINOCACTUS MULTI^LOI^US Hook rare and handsome plant, 4 to 7 inches ECHINOCACTUS. MTRICATUS Otto. high, oval, 3 to 5 inches in diameter, Brazil, South America. covered with stout reddish- densely EC i: OCACTUS MUTABILIS F. gray spines—turning deep red when Peru South y^merica. wet. The flower is about 2% inches ECT-HNOCACTUS NAPINUS R A Phil. broad, of a rose purple normally, but ECHINOCACTUS NETRELIANUS some plants which opened their flowers Monv. while packed in a box away from the ECHINOCACTUS NIGRICANS D er. light leave light yellowish-green petals ECHINOCACTUS OBVALLATUS P DC. marked with deep maroon at base. ECEINCCACTT S CCCULTUS R A Phil. Chile, Sruth Amer'ca. Anthers pale primrose yellow; fiila- ments inch the inner ones ECHINOCACJUS ODIERI Lem. % lond, ECHINOCACIUS white, outer ones reddish. Growing in GLIGACANTHUS S. out-of-the-way desert places in Ne- ECHINOCACTUS ORCUTTII Engelm. vada, Arizona, and California, it costs "Hea-^'s cylndricl, 10-18 inches in di- much trouble to secure this beautiful bulging in the middle, growing single or ameer and ?-3y2 feet high, fometlmes species. often cesnitose, more rarely proliferjus at ECHINOCACTUS JUSSIEUI Monv. base, with 13 when young, to usually 20 or ECHINOCACTUS KRAUSEI Hildm. 22 ob'ure tuberculafe ribs and a woolly, spineless, depressed top: ppines stout, red'- ECHINOCACTUS KUNZEI F. dlsh. Etra'ght or recurved, all annalatel, ECHINOCACTUS LAMELLOSUS Dietr. usually 9 radiating and 4 stouter central ECHINOCACTUS LECONTEI Engelm. ones; flowers deep dull crimson with greenish or colored to the Plant 3-4 feet high, about one-third that lighter margins 2 inches otherwise as in E. in diameter, clavate; flower 2 inches long, peta's, 'ong, virde?cens: fruit lemon yellow. Tyne locality on the low- Ftigmata green. 16-20: pul"y, cr'm^^on, s^aly, wi'^h numerous er rartp of the Gila and Colorado rivers, small seeds 2 and in Sonera.' The Mohave and Colora- "—Or W :46 (Je 18»6). Palm Lower Cal- do Desert plants, usual'.y referred to this Tvpe locality: valley, iforn a. species, seem to me distinct. This now seems to me distinct from either E. Wis- ECHI^'OCACTUS CRNATUS P DC. lizeni or E. oylinrlra-'eus. ECHINC CACTUS OTTONIS L O. Our colored portrait fairly well repre- Frazil. South America. sents a plant from but young Arizona, ECHINOCA.CTUS PAMPBANU3 Speg- does not show the disMnguishing chara?- arz. tcristi'-s. ECHINOCACTUS ECHINOCACTUS LENiNGHAUSII KS. PAPYRACANTHUS B. Brazil, South America. BC^'INOCA-^TUS PARRYI E. ECHINOCACTUS LEUCACANTHUS ECHINOCACTUS PENINSULAB Eng. Zucc Globose to cylindrical, rarely over 18 EOHTNOCACTUS LIMTTUS Engelm. inches in diameter, rarely attaining a ECHINOCACTUS L.ONGIHAMATUS Gal. >^eifri t of 8 ^'e-t; the 12-21 compressed tu- ECHINOCACTUS LOPH3THELE S. berculated ribs set with clusters of dull red spines: c=ntra"s ECHINOCACTUS "McDOWELLII Rebut. 7. s'out. the stoutest not rarely 4-6 inclics long and % inch ECHINOCACTUS MACRODISCUS Mart. broad hoiked. Near San Luis Potosi, Mexico. ECHINOCACTUS PBNTACANTHUS ECHINOCACTUS MALLETIANUS Lem. Lem. N'-ar San Luis Potosi. Mexico. ECHINOCACTUS MARGINATUS S. Bolivia, South America. ECHINOCACTUS PEPINIA^NUS Lem. ECHINOCACTUS MATHSSONII Berge. ECHTNOCACTUS PFEIFFERI Zucc. ECHINOCACTUS MBGALOTHELOS E^HIXCCACTUS PHILIPPII KS. Seicke. ECHINOCACTUS PHYLLACANTHUS Paraguay Republic, South America. Ma-t. ECHINOCACTUS MONVILLEI Lem ECHINOCACTUS PHYMATOTHELOS Paraguay Republic, South America. Pos. 35 Cacti.—Orcutt 36

ECHINOCACTUS PILOSUS Gal. EiCHINOCACTTTS SENjLIS R A Phi'.. Near San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Chile, South Amer ca. ECHINOCACTUS PLACENTIFORMIS EICHINOCACTUS SETISPINUS E. KS. ECHINOCACTUS SILERI ECHINOCACTUS Engelm. POLYANCISTRUS EB BCHTNOCACTUS SIMPEONI Engelm. The Hermit cactus, so-called because Hedgehog Cactus of Colorado: the It is rare to find more than one in a spines, ranging from white through place, is a strikingly beautiful cactus Efhades of straw, yellow and brown, near- hide the flowers to which I have sen ly plant; shell-pink only on the Mohave bright rose in color. desert in its wild state. The largest Variety MINOR Engelmann. plant I have seen is 18 ijiches high and Button or Snake Cactus- spines arrang- ed in beaut ful flow- 4 inches in each tubercle star-shaped clusters; diameter; ers pale rose. bears three to seven hooked, round, ECHINOCACTUS SINUATUS Dletr. brownish-pink spines, with which are ECHINOCACTUS SMITHII Mueh. interspersed fewer ivory white spines, Near San Luis Fo^osi. iN'exico not hooked, very pleasing in contrast. Echinocaotus tetrac nthi s L

37' jnu I/. F^ ixJ-' S":?^ ]^yi^j6

msRO'f^gK'mmi^m

I'olume I. Number 12. November, igo2. Price 20 cents; $2 a year.

Califori^la Art & Natuire

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/^ d&t, o.c^ sy-sSj v.ij no. /o

53 Cacti.—Orcutt, 54 among a hundred is but little over an sepals and tube of a reddish hue. Na- inch in height and diameter, and in tive of Mexico. earlier days they were literally worth PHYLLOCACTUS PHYLLANTHOIDES their weight in gold. The flowers are Link. open only in sunlight. PHYLLOCACTUS PHYLL.ANTHUS Link. Variety PECTINATA KS. PHYLLOCACTUS RUSSELLIANUS S. Genus PHYLLOCACTUS Unk. PHYLLOCACTUS STBNOPETALUS S. Epiphytal plants with spineless flatten- PHYLLOCACTUS STRICTUS Lem. ed leaf-like branches, with a prominent PHYLLOCACTUS THOMASIANUS KS. midrib, mostly with large showy flowers, PHYLLOCACTUS WRAYl Hort. from creamy white to the richest crim- son and scarlet, produced from notches Genus FILOCERE^L'S Lemaire. In the margins of the stems. Readily produced by cuttings or seeds, Included under the genus Cereus. the phyllocacti are established favorites, and hundreds of varieties have been pro- Tribe OPUNTIBAE. duced by hybridization. Young growth Calyx tube not extending beyond the often cylindrical, then triangular, finally ovary; stems branched and jointed. the flattened form. assuming Genus HARIOTA Adans. PHYLLOCACTUS ACKERMANNI Walp. Adans Fam 2:243 (1763). The King cactus was taken from This genus is generally treated as a of to which we rtfer Mexico to England prior to 1829 by synonym Rhipsalis, all the species. Schumann maintains the George Ackermann, and bears the most genus as defined by De CandoUe. gorgeous flowers, 6 to 8 inches in di- H. alternata Lem Hort Univ i t 50, is R. ameter, the acutely pointed, wavy pet- paradoxa. H. cassytha Cels ex Foerst Handb 458, is als of a deep brilliant crimson, bor- R. cassytha. dered at the base with bright mag- H. cribrata Lem 111 Hort iv Misc 12 (1857), is R. enta, the interior decorated with a mass saglionis? H. floccosa Cels, ex Foerst Handb 458, is of white fllaments and antlers, the 11 R. floccosa. stigmata and style also white. The H. funalis Cels, ex Foerst Handb 457, is

R. funalis. i plant blooms freely and may be seen H. mesembrianthemoides Lem Cact Aliq in The many San Diego gardens. plant Nov Desc 39, is R. mesambrianthemoides before me is about a foot hish and H. pentaptera Lem ex Foerst Handb 453, bears one open flower and three buds is R. pentaptera. H. prismatica Lem HI Hort x Misc 84 today (May 3, 1900). (1863), is R. tetragona? PHYLLOCACTUS ACUMINATUS KS. H. caglionis Lem Cact Aliq Nov Desc 39, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. is R. saglionis. PHYLLOCACTUS ANGULIGER Lem. HARIOTA SALICORNIOIDES DC. Rhipsalis salicornioides Haworth, of PHYLLOCACTUS BIFORMIS Lab. Brazil. Honduras, Central America. Varietv BAMBUSOIDES Weber. PHYLLOCACTUS CRENATUS Walp. HARIOTA VILLIGERA KS. Honduras. Central America. K£ Fl Br 266: S Pau:o, Brazil. PHYLLOCACTUS HOOKERI S. H. clavata Web U S, is R. clavata. PHYLLOCACTUS KAMPMANNI Hort. Genns RHIPSALIS Gaertn. Kampmann's Case-knife cactus is a RHIPSALIS CASSYTHA Gaertn. less robust plant than the King cactus, RHIPSALIS SALICORNIOIDES Haw. and the flowers are only about 3 inches in diameter, the petals broader in pro- Schlumbergera epiphylloides Lem, is Phyllocactus Russellianus. portion, of a bright, but lighter, crim- Stromatocactus is son. Filaments Kotschubeyi Karw, white, antlers canary Anhalonium sulcatum S. yellow. This is a favorite in general Tephrocactus andicolus Lem, is Opuntia San Diego gardens .also, producing its andicola. lovely flowers in the greatest profusion. Tephrocactus aoracanthus Lem, is Opun- tia andicola Pf. PHYLLOCACTUS LATIFRONS Walp. Tephrocactus diadematus Lem, is Opun- The Queen cactus is quite the giant tia diademata. among the Phyllocacti, the stout flat- Tephrocactus platyacanthus Lem, is Opuntia platyacantha. tened stems 4 to 5 inches broad, deeply Zygocactus Altenstemli KS, is Epiphyl- crenated and commonly 8 to 10 feet lum truncatum fide KS. high. The flowers are 7 to 8 inches lon.g, Genus PFEIFFERA Salm. about 6 inches in diameter, the petals PPEIPFE-RA CEREIFORMIS Salm. of a delicate, clear, creamy white, the A synonym of Rhipsalis cereiformis. 55 Cactii—Orcutt. S6 Genus MAIHUENIA Phil. lated; rhaphe usually not prominent, M. POEPPIGII Weber. therefore seed not margined; embryo less than one circle around fke M. KS. forming BRACHYDELPHYS more copious albumen; cotyledons incon- M. PHILIPPII Weber. stant, contrary, oblique, or parallel to the sides of the seed."—E^ PTEROCACTUS KUNTZEI KS. Rebutia minuscula KS, is Echlnocactus OPUNTIA ACANTHOCARPA E. & B. mlnusculus. "Arborescens; ramis alternis adscen- Genus PERESKIA Plum. dentibus; articulis cylindricis; tuberculis PERESKIA ACULEATA Mill. aculeis stellato-divarica- The Barbadoes gooseberry or Blad-ap- elongatis; 8-25 ple; the leaves resemble those of the or- tis; bacca subglobosa tuberculata acule- ange; much used for grafting purposes. West Indies. ata; seminibus multangularis. Mountains PERESKIA BLEO P DC. of Cactus Pass, between Santa Fe and P DC. PERESKIA LYCHNIDIFLOR'A the western Colorado. Stems 5-6° high; PANAMENSIS Web. PERESKIA branches and PERESKIA TAMPICANA Web. few, alternate, separating from the stem at an acute angle. Joints Genus NOPAL.EA Salm. as in fO. arborescens] 4-6 or 8'' long, Erect, branching plants, with flattened elongated joints; flowers red or crimson, about an inch in diameter; tubercles 9-19 erect and petals silightly approaching lines intener exteri- each other at the apex, stamens longer long; spines i-iX^» than the corolla. or ones 4-10 lines long. Spines of fruit NOPALEA AUBERI Salm-Dyck. on the tubercles 3-6 lin. long. Cuba; rapid growth; arborescent in depressed f6rm, and bearing numerous rose-colored flow- Seeds large, unlike those of any other ers with exsert stamens; the bnanches armed — With stout spines; readily grown from cut- Opuntia seen by me." E syn 308. tings. ?0. californica E Emory's rep 157 f 11. NOPALEA COCCINELLIFERA Salm. Web. The cochineal cactus, a native of Mex- OPUNTIA ALCAHES ico. OPUNTIA ANDICOLA Pfeiffer, NOPALEA DEJECTA Salm. OPUNTIA AORACANTHA Lem. Salm-Dyck, Hort Dyck ed 2, 64, 233. Cuba. OPUNTIA ARBORESCENS Engelm. NOPALEA KARWINSKIANA S. "Caule ligneo erecto, ramis horizon- NOPALEA MONILIFORMIS KS. talibus, ramulis cylindricis, tuberculatis' Genns OPUNTIA Tonrnefort. aculeatissimis; areolis oblongis, brevissi- "Tube of the flower very shorf, cup- me aculeos corneos shaped: petals spreading or rarely erect: tomentosis, 12-30 ovary with bristle-bearing areolae in the stramineo-vaginatos teretes undique por- axils cf small terete dJeciduovs sepa's: berry succulent or sometimes dry, mark- rectos gerentibus; ramulis versus apicem ed with biistly or spiny areolae, truncate ovario tuberculis with a wide umbilicus: seeds large, white, floriferis; tuberculato, compressed, w.th the embryo coiled round sub-20 apice sepala subulata et areolas the albumen; cotyledons la ge, lolla- ceous.—Articulated, much-branched tomentosas cum setis paucis albidis ger- of various low and plants, shapes, pros- interioribus 10-13 obova- trate or e.rect and shrub-like; young entibus; sepalis branches with small terete subulate early tis; petalis obovatis, obtusis s. e margin- deciduous leaves, and in their axils an areo a with numerovs short easily de- atis; stigmatibus sub-8 patulis; bacca fla- tached bristles, and. usually, stouter va, sicca, ovato-globosa, tuberculata, spires, all barbed. Flowers on the joints of the previous year, on the same areolae profunde umbilicata. Mountains of New the large, open only with spines, mostly Saltil- In sunlight. FrUit often edible, often Mexico to Chihuahua, Parras and —E. large." lo; flowers in May and Je; fruit, at least auberi. Opunfa auberl Pf, is Nopalea about Santa Fe, ripening the 2nd year Opuntia camuessa Web, is robusta. Opuntia decumana Gris, is monacantha. (Fendler); in the north 5-10, south 20 flavlcans is robusta. Opuntia Lem, and more feet in diam, last Opuntia maxima Hort (non Web), is ro- high, 5-10^ branches 2-4'' long; spines of the speci- Opuntia stenopetala E, is glauscescens. mens on Waggon-mound 20-30 in each Subgenus CYLINDROPUNTlA E.— "Joints cylindrical, more or less tubercu- bunch; further south only 12-20, gentr- 57 Cacti.—Orcutt 58

ally fewer on the under side of the high, the branches forming a dense con- branchlets; spines horn-colored, with tracted head, with joints 2-6^ long; tu- straw-colored loose sheaths, from 3-10 bercles 3-4 lines long; larger spines are lines, generally about 6 lines long. Flow- about \' long, smaller ones 4-7 lines ers purple, 3^ in diam; stamens red; fruit long."—E Am ac pr 3:307. about i' long, yellow. OPUNTIA BRACHYARTHRA E. & B. ' OPUNTIA BULBISPINA E. On Waggon-mound the first (flower- OPUNTIA CEREFORMIS Web. of a strange OPUNTIA CHOLL.A Vveb. less) specimens Opuntia OPUNTIA CIRIBE E. were found, with an erect, ligneous OPUNTIA CLAVARIOIDES L-O. and OPUI\TIA CLAVATA E. stem, cylindrical, horridly spinous OPLNilA CORRUGa'IA S. horizontal branches. The WcS here OPUNTIA CLKASfeAVICA Mill. plant OPUNTIA CYLINDRICA DC. only 5 ft high, but grows about Santa Fe OPUNTIA DARWINII Hensl. the of 8 or 10 and continues OPUNTIA DAVISII E. & B. to height ft, OPl NTIA MADEMATA Lem. to be found as far as Chihuahua and Par- OPUNTIA ECHINOCARPA E. & B. OPUNTIA EMORYI Engelm. latter favorable ras. In the more ciimite OPCNTIA PLOCCOSA S. OPUNTIA FRAOlLi8 Haw. it grows to be a tree of 20 or 30, and OPUNTIA FULGIDA Engelm. even feet as Dr. Wisli- OPUNTIA GEISSEI R A Phil. perhaps 40 high, OPUNTIA GRAHAMII informs and offers a most Engelm. zenus me, OPUNTIA GRATA R A Phil. beautiful aspect when covered with its OPUNTIA IMBRICATA P DC. OPUNTIA INVICTA Brandegee. large red flowers. It is evidently the OPUNTIA KUEINIAE P DC, which and doubtful- OPUNTIA LEONINA H-S. plant Torrey James OPUNTIA LEPTOCAULIS D C. OPUNTIA LURIDA Hort. ly, though incorrectly, refer to Cactus OPUNTIA MAMILLATA Schct. Bleo HBK. It is nearly allied to Opun- OPUNTIA MIQUELII Monv. Willd. but well OPUNTIA MOL.ESTA Brandegee, tia furiosa, distinguished OPUNTIA NiGRISPINA KS. * * * from it; the tree cactus, or Focon- OPUNTIA OVATA Pf. OPUNTIA PARISHII Orcutt. oztle, as called by the Mexicans, accord- OPUNTIA PARRYI E. OPUNTIA PENTLANDII S. ing to Dr. Gregg. The stems of the OPUNTIA PLATYACANTHA S. dead plant present :i most singular ap- OPUNTIA PROLIFEPA Engelmann. OPITNTIA PULCHELL.A E. the soft rotted a- pearance; parts having OPUNTIA PYCNACAN'i'HA B. a net-work of woody fibres re- Opuntia ramosissima E, is tessellata. way. OPUNTIA ROSEA DC. mains, forming a hollow tube, with very OPUNTIA ROSIFLORA KS. rhombic which OPUN^'IA ROTLNDIFOLIA KS. regular meshes, corre- OPUNTIA SALMIANA Parm. spond with the tubercles of the living OPUNTIA 9CHICKENDANTZII Web. OPUNTIA SCHOTTII E. plant."—E Wislizenus' report, 90. OPUNTIA SERPEiNTINA Engelmann. OPUNTIA ARBUSCULA E. OPUNTIA SPEGAZZINII Web. OPUNTIA SPINOSISSIMA Mill. OPUKTIA AUSTRALIS Web. OPUNTIA STAPBLIAE P DC. OPUNTIA BERNARDINA Engelm. OPUNTIA SUBU..ATA Engelm. OPUNTIA TARAPACANA R A Phil. OPUNTIA BIGELOVII Engrelm. OPUNTIA TERES Cels. "Ramis erectis adscendentibusve; ar- OPUNTIA TESAJO Engelm. "WWJh very short woody stem, and ticulis virescen- ovato-cylindricis pallide growing in little clumps 3 dm or less in slender tibus congestis; tuberculis subhemi- diameter; joints and not distinctly tuberculate; flowers simple, bell-shaped, sphsericis depressis confertis: aculeis 6- yellow. Type, Gabb 26 in hb Mo bot gard. toward th"e west 10 robustioribus et totidem 'Among rocks, especially gracilioribus coast and in the more central portions'. inferioribus; ovario tuberculato; bacca Dower California."—Coulter, Cont Na hb 3-448. tuberculata subinda (sterili!) aculeolata; OPUNTIA TESSELLATA Engelm. seminibus OPUNTIA THURBERI E. parvis. OPUNTIA TUNICATA L-O. "On William's river of the Californian OPUNTIA VBRSCHAPFELTII Cels. OPUNTIA VERSICOLOR E. Colorado. Stem 3-4' thick and 10-12 ft OPUNTIA VESTITA S. 59 Cacti.— Orcutt. 60 OPUNTIA WHIPPLEI E. & B. This is probably O Stanlyi, of which the Opuntia tetracantha Tourney. following description is all that is §v ylindropuntia. "An irregularly known:— 'Opuntia? Oct. 22, 1846. Abun- branching- shrub 6-15 dm high; primary dant on the Del Norte and Gila. A re- branches erect or ascending from a stout markable plant, apparently more like a woody trunk 5-8 cm m diameter, and Mamillaria than like an Opuntia. The fruit is also numerous short, lateral branch- represented without areolae bearing or es at irregular intervals; ultimate branch- tubercles, exactly like the smooth fruit of a but this es 12-15 mm in diameter; joints cylindri- Mamillaria; may be an oversight of the artist. habit cal, 25-30 cm long, with a reticulated The of the plant the woody skeleton; tubercles at first promi- suggests belief that it is an of the section nent, 16-22 mm long, but on old stems Opuntia Cvlindracese. Joints or branches more or less inconspicuous; pulvini spar- ascending, cylindri- cal, tuberculated, inches ingly covered with wool and bearing a 4-6 long, i-ii^ incl»es in tubercles small crescent-shaped tuft of light brown diameter; very prom- with about 8 bristles at the upper margin; spines usu- inent, long (1-13-2 inches) straight spines; fruit ally 4, stout, loosely sheathed, straw- obovate, urabilicate, scarlet, towards the of the coiored, strongly dellexed, flattened, 2- top branches, about 9 lines and 6 in diameter. It 3.5 cm long, occasionally i or 2 smaller long is a distinct which I ones, not increasing in size and number species, am gratified to dedicate to the after first season's growth; glands con- skilful artist who has drawn all these Mr. M. Stan- spicuous, a half dozen ^r more between figures,— J. ly." —E in r f the spines and bristles; flowers greenish Emory 158 9. purpe, 1.5-2 cm broad; fruit ovate to but Subg-enus PLATOPUNTIA E.—"Joints subglobose, narrowly deeply umbili- compressed; rhaphe forming a prominent cate, 2-25 cm long, juicy, scarlet, usual- bony marg-in around the seed; embryo smooth, but sometimes some completing a little more than one circle ly in.-arly around the of the deflex- scanty albumen; cotyledons pulvini bearing 1-3 strong contrary to the sides of the seed."—B. ed spines; seeds irregular, 3-5 mm in OPUNTIA ANGUSTATA E. B. commissure with con- & diameter, broad, — OPUNTIA ARENARIA Engelm. spicuous spongy appearance." Tourney OPUNTIA AURANTIACA Gi 1. Garden and Forest 9: 432 (28 N 1896). OPUNTA BASILARIS tngelm. Variety RAMOSA Parish. "An interesting species of Cylindro- opuntia beckeriana ks. punda grows in considerable abundance opunt:a camanchica e-b. about miles east of so far OPUNTIA CANDBLABRAFORMIS 5 Tucson, but, Mart. as known, only in this one locality. It OPUNTIA CHLOROTICA Engelm, seems to be nearest related to Opuntia OPUNTIA CRASSA Haw. OPUiVTIA CRINIPRRA Pf. Thurberi E., but differs from that plant, OPINTIA DEiCUMBENS S. so far as one can judge from the incom- OPUNTIA DULCIS Engelm. plete description and examination of OPUNTIA ENGELMANNI Slm-Dyck. type material in the Engelmann herba- OPUNTIA FICUS-INDICA Mill. OPUNTIA FILIPENDULA E. in its more de- rium, longer strongly OPUNTIA FOLIOSA S. flexed spines, smaller and different-col- OPUNTIA FULVISPINA Slm-Dyck. ored flowers, etc It may be known OPUNTIA FT^SCOATRA B-. OPl NTtA GALAPAGEIA Hensl. from all related species by its bright OPT^NIIA GLAUCESCENS S. scarlet fruit, 4 strongly deflexed spines OPUNTIA GLAUCOPHYLLA WendL and peculiar cork-like margin to the OPUNTIA GRANDIS Hort. seeds. This and O. OPUNTIA HYSTRICINA E-B. plane leptocaulis OPUNTIA HYPTIACANTHA Web. are the only Opuntias with which I am OPUN'i lA INAMOENA KS. familiar tliat produce small lateral bran- OPUNTIA INERMIS P DC. ches no than the OPUN'l lA LANCBOLATA Haw. larger fully developed OPUNTTA UARRBYI Weber. the function of which to fruits, seems be "Plant only 9-12 dm high, with large or- to drop to the ground and deve'op into bicular glaucous joints; fruit 'as large as a goose and with new plants. The fruit matures in Dec, egg', juicy, pulpy, pur- ple pulp; seeds small 'much liks those of but remains attached to the until plant O. ficus indica'. Type unknown. A Mex- the following May. It has an agreable ican species, found by Dr. Weber about acid flavor and its bright color makes it Queretnro, and pronounced by him tihe most delicious of all the fruits he had very conspicuous against the green — tasted. Known as 'camuessa'.—Coulter, stems." Tourney I.e. Cont Na hb 3:423. 6i Cacti.—Orcutt. 62

op: NTIA LETCOTRICHA P DC. hachapi Mountains, California. Speci- Opuntia lindnelmeri E. is iiirgelmannii. mens examined: California (Trelease of OPUNTIA AIACROCENTRA Engelm. 1S;2>. This species is rear O. basila-is, OPUNTIA MACROKHIZA Engeim. but differs in its rounder more fleshy > PTNTIA MACULACANTHA F. joints (terete below), pulvini not depress- OPUNTIA Ml' RC'DASYS Pfeiff. ed (in O. basi'aris there s a depression OPUNTIA MICRODISCA Web. for the pulvinus with a furrow on either O-UNTIA MICi OPCARPA KS. side 'n the genera surface), yellowish I Pr TIA J- ISSOURlENSIS P DC. Vri ties, and esp cially in its much larger OPUNTIA MONAOANTHA Haw. leav( s.'—Coulter (^ontr ^ a hb 3:431-435. OPUNTIA NIGRICANS Haw. OPUNTIA TRIACANiHA P DC. OPUNTIA Ol'/^D-NTALIS Engeim. OPUNTIA TUNA Mill. OPUNTIA OLIGACANTHA S. OPUNTIA URSINA Weber. OPUNTIA PALMERI Enge m. Opuntia ursina is a name given by- ". o nts oval, smozth (not tubercula-ted), Albert Weber to a curious and beauti- 2U-25 cm 15-20 cm pale glaicous, long by ful plant of the Mohave desert, adver- bread; pulvini 2.5-3 cm apart, with pa-le cactus. brownish or Lf^y persistent woo!, a few tised as the Grizzly Bear The very s'encer ttr£.w-colorcd bristles, and joints are about 3 by 5 inches, densely ! 1. ndf r f?a lencd or connt)r£ssecI straws covered with slender flexuous ivory colored spinec 2.5-3 cm long (5-7 en upper white fhe longest over 6 inches pulv.ni with tome sma.er a :d tional spines, the ones, 1-3 on lower 1 ulv'ni), erect or long, and completely hiding plant. s. read.rg, or the urper ones (from upper A cutting reminds one of the "Old jiart of pulvinus) mostly deflexed. Type, Man" cactus of Mexico, but this be- Palmer of IS77 in hb Mo bot gard. Near the ' — St. Ge:rg?, Utah."—Coulter, Cant Na hb longs among prickly pears form- 3-42'. ing low wide spreading masses of in- OPUNTIA PE3-CCRVI Le C:nte. terlacing snow white spines. OPUNTIA Ph/.EA-^ANTHA Engeim. 0?U>TIA iiLIFERA Web. OPUNTIA VULGARIS Mill. OPiNTIA PC" YANTHA Haw. OPUNTIA XANTHObTEMMA KS. OPl.nTIA PROCUMBENS E-B. Subgenus Peireskiopuntia. OPT NTIA PUBERULA Pf. OPI'NTIA PYRRHACANTHA KS. OPt'NTIA BRANDFGEEI KS. OPTNT^A QUIMIUO KS. OPUNTIA GOLZIANA KS. OPU^ T a QUIIENSIS WEb. OPUNTIA PITITACHB Web. OPUNTIA B m^TNESQUII Engeim. Subgenus Brasilopuntia. OPUNTIA RHODANTHA KS. Haw. OPUNTIA ROBUS^A Wendl. OPUNTIA BRASILIENSIS OPT 'NT I A RUiiESCENS S. RHIP9ALIS LUMBRICOIDES Lem. OPT'NTI\ RUBRIFOLIA Engeln. RHIPSALS MADAGASCARIENSIS Web. 'Pros'rate, with ^hick ovate 30 nts 12-15 R. MESE!MBRI.\NHKNOIDETS Haw. cm 'ng 1 y 10 cm broal, not tube- culated; RHIPSALIS MiCRANTHA DC. Tea'ces sr.rear?ing, somev.'hat recurved, RHIPSADIS MINUTIFLORA KS. 8-10 n-m 2-2.5 cm reddish, Icng; pulvini RHIPSALIS MONACANTHA Gris. apart, with brownish-gr^y persistent RHIPSALIS KS. wo:l and numerous owish bristles MYOSUKUS ye', (es- RHIPSALIS NEVES-ARMONDII KS. pec'ally on ^hs edge); spires often '" upper RHIPSALIS PACHYPTERA Pf. is' d. ?.?-6 cm long, often a few addi- Variety crassiohr S. tional smaller one=, all deflexeil (almost RHlPriALIS S. 'or, e s fruit PARADOXA a-opressd ; and unknown. RHIPSALIS PENDULIFLORA NEBr. Tyre, Pfilmer 3 n hb Mo bot gard. S-t. RHIPSALIS PENTAPTERA Pf. G cige, Utah."—Coulter, Cont Na hb 3:424. OPUNTIA RUFIDA Engeim. RHIPSALIS PLATYCARPA Lem. OPUNTIA RUTID.\ Nutt. RHIPSALIS PULVINIGERA Lindb. OPUNTIA SCHEERI Web. RHIPSALIS PUNICEO-DISCUS Lindb. OPUNTIA SENILIS Roezl. RHIPSALIS RAMULOSA Pf. OPUNTIA SETISPfNA E. RHIPSALIS REGNELLII Lindb. RHIPSAT IS RHOMBEA Pf. OPUNTIA JL PHAEROC M^PA E-B. OPUNTIA SPINULIFERA S. Variety CRISPATA KS. OPU-NTIA STREPTACANTHA Lem. RHIPSALIS ACULBATA Weber. OPT'NTI.A. STRIGILIS E. RHIPSALIS AT ATA KS. OPUN'TJA SULPHUREA Gill. RHIPSALIS ANCFPS Weber. o-pTj—riA T-RXT-i'^^TNA Engeim. RHIPSALIS CAPILLIFORMIS Weber. OPTNTIA TOMENTO?A S. RHIPSALIS CAVERNOSA Lindb. OPUNT'A " ORTI3PINA E-B. RHIPSALIS CLAVATA Weber. OPUNTIA TREI.EASII Coulter. RT^IPSALIS C(^MORENSIS Weber. "E ect. diffusely branching: joints or- RHIPSALIS CONFERTA S. bicular to olcvate, fl shy, with terete RHIPSALIS PISSIATILIS KS. ba=e, ]j:-25 cm long: puivini not depressed, RHIPOALIS ELLIPTICA Lindb. with 'ong (5- cm) dense dirty-yellow bris- RHIPSALIS ELLIPTICA Lindb. tles: leaves nn young shoots 5 mm long, RHIPSALIS ERYTHROCARPA KS. sTead'ng (more than twice as long as RHIPSALIS FLOCCOSA S. th' se of lasi aris and darker-red): flower RHIPSADIS GIBBERUDA Weber. and fruit net 'een. —Type, growing in Mo. RHIPSALIS GONACARPA Weber. Bot Gard. 1^93, from cillection made by RHIPSALIS GRANT>IFLORA Haw. Trelease in 1892. At Caliente, in the Te- RHIPSALIS HAX>R090MA Lindb. 63 Cacti.— Orcutt. 64 RHIPSALI9 HOULLETIANA Lem. RHIPSAL.IS ARLOING, S.: LINDBERGIANA KS. —Recherches anatomiques sur le boutur- RHIPSALIS LINEARIS KS. RHIPSALIS age des Cactees. Ann. des Scienc. Nat. SAGblONIS Lem. VI. Bot. iv. 95-152. pi. 1-2. RHIPSALIS SANSIBARICA Weber. BAILLON, H.: RHIPSALIS SQUAMULOSA KS. —Histoire des plantes. HRIPSALIS SUAREZIANA Weber. RHIPSALIS BALTIMORE CACTUS JOURNAL: TETRAGONA Weber. 1. Jl lS94-Je 1895. (144 p. — f.). RHIPSALIS TRTGONA Pf. ii. Jl lS95-Mr 1896. (145-286 p. — f.). RHIPSALIS TUCMANEISSIS Weber. BRANDEGEE, TOWNSEND STITH: RHIPSALIS VIRGATA Weber. -Flora of the Cape Region. $1. RHIPSALIS WARMINGIANA KS. —Plants from Baja California. $2. RHIPSALIS VILLIGERA Orcutt. —Cactacese of the Cape region of Baja Hariota villig-era KS PI Br 263; mon 613. Californ a. Zoe. ii. 18-22. Ap 1891. RHIPSALIS CEREiFORMIS Foerst. —The flora of southwestern Colorado. Pfeiffera cereformis S HD 40 (1884); ed 2, Bull. Geol. and Geogr. Surv. Terr. ii. 227- 61, 234; ab 2 t 9. 240. 6 Je 1876. Pfeiffera ianthothele Weber Diet 944. —A cardon forest. Zoe. 1. 26. Mr 1890. KS mon 610. —Southern extension of CaLfornia flora. CERBUS EXERENS Linke. CANDOLLE, A. P. de: CEREIUS HERMENTIANTJS Monv. —Memoire sut quolques especes de Pilocereu.s hermentianus Lem et Cons cactees, nouvelles ou pen connues. 1834. 111 Hort JIII t 469.—Lem cact 63.—Foers- (27 p. 12 pi.). ter handb cact ed 2, 266.—KS mon 186. —Revue de la Famille des Cactees; avec CEiREUS HOPPENSTEDTII Weber cat des observations sur leur vegetation et Pfersdorff, 1864.-Foerster handb cact ed leur culture, ainsi que sur celies des 2. 667.—KS Mfk 4:80: mon 177. autres plantes gntsses. 1829. (119 p. 21 pi.). CERF'US HOUT E-' TII Orcutt. CASPARI, HERMANN: CFRETJ9 PElCTEN-ABORiniNUM E. —Beitrage zur Kenntn ss des Hautge- CEREU9 PBNTAEDROPHILORUS Lab. webes dcr Cacteen. 1883. (55 p.). CEREUS LANUGINOSUSMill. CASTLE, LEWIS: CEREiUS MONITZIANUS Otto. —Cactaceous plants: their history and CEiREI^S POLYOPHUS DC. culture. 1884. (93 p. et 16 f.). CEREUS ROYEiNII Haworth. COLLA, A.: CEREUS STRTCTUS DC. —Plantee rariores in regionibus Chilensi- CEREUS RUSSELLIANT^S Otto. bus. MELOCACTUS CAESIUS Wendl. COULTER, JOHN M.: MELOCACTUS COMMUNIS L & O. —Preliminary revision of the North MELOCACTUS DEPRESSUS Hook. American species of Cactus, Anhalonium MELOCACTUS GONI AC.a NT^^US Lem. and Lophophora. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb, MEI>OCACTU9 Mia. iii. 91-1-S2. 10 Je 1894. LF/MAIREI , , ^^ 1 &0. -Preliminary revision of the North Amer- MELOCACTUS MEO ACANTHUS and MELOCACTUS MICROCFPHALUS Miq. ican species of Echinocactus, Cerens, MELOCACTUS MIOUETJI Lehm. Opuntia. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. in. 3oo- MET OOACTUS OBTUvSIPETALUS Lem. 462. 1 Ap. 1896. ^ ^ -a MKLr;CACTTTS PYRAM/DAt/'S S. Manual of the phanerogam.'? and pterid- MELOCACTUS VIOLA OEUSI Pf. ophytes of western Texas. Contr. U. a. 1891. 153-346. MELOCACTUS ALBTSPTNUS Salm. Nat. Herb. ii. 1-152. 27 Je CEREUS CELSIANU9 Orcutt. 1 Je 1892. 347-548. 10 My 1894. Pllocereus celsianus Lem Rev Hort 1862, COVILLB, FREDERICK VERNON: 428. -Botany of the Death Valley expedition. CEREUS CHRY9 -ACANTHUS Orcutt. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. iv. 29 N 1893. Pllocereus "Weber ex KS (320 p. 21 pi. 1 map). chrysacanthus GEORGE: mon 178. ENGBLMANN. recon- CERFITSCOMETTi'o Schei-lw. —[A letter in] Notes of a military m CEREUS DAUTWITZII Orcutt. noissance from Fort Leavenworth, to San Diego, m California, in- Pllocereus dautwitzil Hge Gard Chron M.'^souri, Del Norte, 1873. cluding parts of the Arkansas, ^Y. H. Emory. 157- 187.3, 1:7 f 1. and Gila rivers. By Contr U S Na Hb 5: 258 t 62.— 159. 1848. (2 pi. 15 f.). Rose, of Dr. A Wlsliz-w<=n» "Th's s°eTns tn b^- the 'hikora rosapara' -Sketch of the botany Mi'-R'^uri to Santa of whi^h Lumhaltz writes: 'Rosapara is eniis' expedition from * * * Fe Chihuahua, Parras, Saltillo. Monterey, a white and sp'ny hikora. It a tour to must be touched with clean hands and and Matamoras. Mem. of in 1846 and 18ii, oy only by peopl*^ who nre well baptired, for northern Mexico the Chrstlan Wislizenus. 1848. 87-115 (1-31) he is a. g-ood Chris'ti'-'n, say Fendleriana^. Mem. '^'arahumaris. an'l keers a sharp eye upon —Caclce of Plantar Acad. iv. 49-53. 1849. the people arourd him'." Am". of the —et J M. Bigelow: Description Cactacee collected on route near the BIBLIOGRAPHY. thirtv-sixth narallel. explored by Lieut. Exnl. A W. Whipple in 1853, 1854. Rept. of The following is a nearly complete Hst and Surveys for a railroad from the river to the Pacific ocean, iv. of to we will be Mississinpi works pertaining cacti; 1853. 27-38. (24 pi.). ^ r, ^ tt a Rept. U. S. to have Our attention called to any —Cactacese of the boundary. glad and Mexican Boundary Survey, ii. pt. 1. omitted, or to obtain th« same. 1-78. 1859. (75 pi.). 65 Cacti.—Orcutt. 66

—Cactaceje. Rept. upon the Colorado quibusdam anim adversionibus. 1836. river of the west, explored in 1857 and (9 p. 1 pi.). 1S68, by Lieut. Joseph C. Ives. Pt. iv. ORCUTT, CHARLES RUSSELL: Botany. 12-14. 1861. —California trees and flowers. IStfi. —Additions to the cactus-flora of the ter- (32 p. 7 f.). ritory of the U. S. Trans. Acad. Sci. of —New Lower California Cactuses. W. St. Louis, ii. 197-204. Am. Sci. ii. 46-47. Je 1886. (1 f.). —Cactacese of Clarence King's exploration —Cactuses of Southern California. W. of the fortieth parallel, v. 115-120. .1871. Am. Sci. ui. 168. Ag 1887. —Cactacege of Simpson's expedition. 436- —The night blooming Cereus. W. Am. 443. 1876. (3 pL). Sci. iii. 109-171. Ag 1887. (1 f.). —Cactaceaa of Wheeler's exploration, vi. —A sharp family—the cactuses. W. Am. 127-132. 1S7S: Sci. Iv. 13-14. Ja 1888. (2 f.) 23-24. P. 1888. —The pulp of Cactus fruit. Trans. Acad. (1 f.). Sci. of St. Louis, ii. 166-167. O 1861. —A new species of C«reus. W. Am. Sol. —Cactea- of Plantre Lindheimer anse. —I. vi. 29. My 1S89. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. v. 245-247 (37-39). —Botany of Southern California. $1. 18-15. II. 1. c. vL 195-209. 1850. —E6viev%' of the Cactaceae. Volume 1. $3. —Notes on the Cereus gig'anteus of south- "Very valuable * * * abo..ve all eastern California, and some other Cali- works that c«;Tie to my table I want a fornian Cactaceoe. Am. Jour. Sci and complete set of this."- ThcBias Meehan. Arts. II. xiv. 3G5-339, 446. (1-5). N. 1852. —Some notes on Echinocactus. Gard. and —Further notes on Cereus giganteus of For. i;i. 238. W. Am. Sci. vii. 67-70. D. southeast CaHfornip with a short ac- 1890. (2 f.). count of another allied species in Sonora. —The Tuna. W. Am. Sci. vii. 153-157. Ap Am. Jour. Sci. and Arts II. xvii. 231-235 1891. (3 f.). (1-5). Mr 1854. —Epiphyllum. W. Am. Sci. vii. 169-173. —Synopsis of the Cactacege of the terri- My 1891. (2 f.). tory of the United States and adjacent —The rainbow cactus. W. Am. Sci. vii. regions. Proc. Am. Acad. Arts andSci. iii. 236-239. S. 1891. (3 f.). 259-34fi. 1856. —Cacti at home. W. Am. Sci. vili. 117-120. FOERSTER, f^ARL FRIEDRICH: N 1894. (3 f.). —et Theodor Rumpler: H. Handbuch der —Nomenclature. W. Am. Sci. ix. 1-2. Ag Cacteenkunde. 1&S6. a030 p. 141 f.). 1895. (1 f.). P'roin Summfrlan-a to the American Alps' .10 —Flora of Southern and Lower Califor- HA^^ORTJT, A. H.: nia. Allchesklist of the flowering plants —.Snyifragearum enumeratio. Accedunt and ferns. 18S5. (13 p.). revisiones plantqrum succelentarum. 1821. —Southern and Lower California flora. <'20S ^..^. (1883. 4 p.). HEMSLEY. W. BOTTING: —Si Senor Cacti. Demorest's Family Mag- —Riologia Centrali-Americana. Botany, i. azine, xxxi. 141-145. Ja 1895. (16f.). 1878-1888. —A prickly family. Cal. 111. Magazine, v. KLEEBERG. DR.: 177-187. Ja 1894. (14 f.). —Uober die Lebensverhfeltnisse der Cac- PALMER, EDWARD: teen. Konigsberger Naturwlssen. Unter- —Opuntia fruit as an article of food. W. halt. 184fi. 1IS'»-178. Am. Sci. vi. 67-69. Jl 1889. LABOITRKT, J.: I'FEIFFER. LOUrS: —Monop:rar)hie de la famille des Cactees. —Enumeratio Diagnostica Cactearum Par:.-^. 684 p. 1853. Hucusque Cognitarum. 1S37. (viii et 1D2 p.). LEHMANN. J. G. C: —Beschreibung und Synonymit der deut- —Pugillus plantarum in botanico Ham- schen Garten lebend vorkemmenden burgensium horto occurentium. Continua- Cacteen. 1837. (232 p.). tio, Ciictorum species novas exbibens. —et Fr.Otto: Abbildung und Beschreibung Verb. Leop. Carol. Acad. xvi. 315-320. pi. Bluhender Cacteen. i. 1843. (30 col. pi.). 12-16. 1828. —Idem. 'i. 1846-1850. (30 col. pi.). L EM AIRE, CH.: PORTER, THOMAS C: —Les Cactees; histoire, patrie, organes de —et John M. Coulter: Synopsis of the vegetation, inflcwescence, culture, etc. flora of Colorado. 20 Mr 1874 (180 p.). 1868. (140 p. 11 f.). PRENTISS, D. W.: —Cactearum aliquot nnvamm, ac insue- — et Francis P. Morgan: Mescal buttons. tarum in Horto Monvilliano culerum ac- Medical record. 1. 258-266. 22 Ag 1896. (4. f.). curate descriotio. 1838. (42 p. 1 ol.). REMARK. FERDINAND: —Monographia generis Melocacti. Acta —Der Kakteen freund, 32 p. 34 f. 50c. Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur. xviii. RUMPLER, THEODOR: supnl. 1840. (122 p. 11 pi.). —et Karl Schumann: Die Sukkulenten. LINK, H. F.: Berlin 1892. 263 p. 139 f. $3. —et Fr. Otto- Ueber die Gattungen Melo- RUNGB. CARIi: cactus und Echinocactus nebst Beschrei- —Zwei neue Cacteen. Gartenflora. 1882. bung und Abbildung der im Konigl. bot- 105-106. (2 f.). anischcn Garten bei Berlin besindlichen SALM-DYCK, JOS. de: Arten. Verh. Pveuss. Gartenb. Ver. iii. —Cactea? in Ilorto Dyckensl CultJB, anno 412-426. pi. U-27. 1827. 1849, se

1842. (10 col. pi.). quantities are collected by the inhabit- SCHUMANN, KARL: ants and eaten fresh, or dried; Tehuacan Cactaceae In Engler-Preqntl's Natur- lichen (26.30;. Pflanzenfamilien. iii. (6 a) 156-205. Console made this the type of his genus 1894. (— f.). Myrtillocactus. Cereis cochal Or;utt, SURINGAR, W. F. R.: — from Lower California, I3 closely allied, Melocacti novi ex insulis archlpelagi and treated as a variety by some authors. Indici-Occidentalis Neerlandicis Curacao, Aruba et Bonaire. Acad. Reg. Neerl. CEREUS TRIANGULARIS M Her. Scient. Amstelod. xix. 183-195. D 1885. Climbing over recks and trees, joints 3- —Neuere Brfahrungen Mehrere Cacteen. inches in 1 cr 2 to Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xix. 117-124. pi. 15-16. sided, 11^ diameter, 1S39. many feet long, curving, the side next to TOUMET, JAMBS W. : tree or rock nearly flat, the others .slight- —The Giant Cactus. Pop. Sci. Mo. li. ribs ur.du ate-tub.rcu- 641-644. S 1897. (2 f.). ly concave; acute, —TRELEASE, WILLIAM: late, blaring in ti.e depressions between A cactus corner in the Missouri botani- the undulations small tomentose areolae cal garden. W. Am. Sci. vii. 187. 1891. Ag inches with 3-4 stout bulb- (1 pL). l%-2';4 apart, VOCHTING HERMANN: ous brown or blackish spines 1-2 mm ong. — zur Beitrage Morphologic und Anatomic Flowered (28 Je 1902) in the night; flower der Rhipsalideen. Jahrb. f. m. Botanik, a foot tube of corolla 5 inches long, ix. 1873. (36 p. 4 pi.) long; WATSON. SERENO: light apple green, spineless, with about :0 —Biographical index to North American gieenish yellow sepaloid scales, Vz inch botany. Pt. 1. Polypetalfe. Mr 1878 (476 p.). about ZUCCARINI, JOS. GERH.: wide or less, acuminate, yellowish, —Plantarum vel minus cognitarum, que in 20; petals snowy white, an inch wide, 5 Horto botanico herbarioque regis mona- inches long, acun:irate about 20; hla- censi servaniur. ments white, 2 inchts shorter than the Fasc. III. Cacteae. 597-742. (5 pi.). petals, anthers sulphur yello.v; s yls 9 OEREUS Mart. GEOMETRIZANS inches long, ^ thick, white; ffi spreading 20 feet or as- Arborescent, high more, slender white stigmata ihree-foarths .nch suming somewhat an umbrella farm long; fruit light cr.mson, 3 inches in di- from its manner of branching; joints ameter, 5 in length, with about 2> sepa-

mostly short, thick; ribs 5 or 6, acute . loid apple green scales, forming a pretty when young, with sharply defined inter- color-contrast, epidermis an eighth of an \a s—on old plants otien very obt se. inch thick, pulp whit-, filled w th aoout bearlrg large woolly spineless areolae; 3,000 small back s eds (f.uic oought in stems of young growth 3 inches in diam- Tehuacan market tor b cents, £8 Je i802i. Plant rather light geen, t e acu.e r.bs e er, are.Le nch wo in IM- apa:t. lly— narrowly marglneu wi'h tiOv\n, 1-: mm age the enlarged bull:ous ba.es of the wide or less on either side, f iiahalla or spines are in close contact, covering the pltajaya of the Tndiai^s. States of Pu -b- la and Caxaca, Mexico (Orcutt 2710, 2.11). areolae completely (or spineless!); radial spines 3-5, ^A-l^^ inches long, central spine CEREUS GIGANTEUS Engelm. iy2 inches in maximum lengch, s.ra'ght The 'Suwarro' or giant cactus of Arizo- or twisted, all stout, angled, ashy black, woody; central spine sometimes absent, na and Sonora, 25-60 feet high, 1-2 in di- lateral radials i su lly the longer, very ameter, thickest about the lower thira var.abiC. Plant smocth, brig, it apple the 2 or 3 alternate or green or glaucous, known as tne garan- where generally DuUo. Fruit rarely over V2 inch icng, alf sometimes opposite branches start, and as great in diameter, or globose, attached from thence slightly ta^cr toward the to a small tomentose remains of areoae, summit. and branches marked flower often p?rsistent, when dfcidLious Stems by leaving a tmaii r u; d sc.r; epi e m s superficial transverse furrows, indicating, usually smooth, with 1-6 Tomentose areo- as it seems, the annual periods of growth, lae bearing minute scales (more rarely of 4-8 inches in bearing in their axils a more m.inute forming rings hight. spine), purp'e (sometimes glaucous) with Branclcs u"eina\ rnd always of less purple pup: fruit I urst-ng Irregularly at hight than the main stem, mostly 5-6 feet as 14 iruits were maturi.y. As many seei long, with 12-18 ribs. growing f.om one a eoli; one rib of 11 « » areolae on a joint of 5 ribs bore 36 fruits, on'y 1 of the aieolae without fruit, and The content.s and paginc^ of the West this is frequent on the hundreds of branches—old and yourg alike, almost to American Scientist, volume 13. of Calif- the trunk. Sfeds iTge, black, 63 frrm ornia Art & Nature volume 2, and of the one berry. Fruit ripening in June. 1902, (Orcutt in the sate of Caxaci, Mexico Review of the -'actacese volume 3, are i- 2670); :n July near Sr.n 1 uis Potosi (2! 09), where its growth is smaller, and large dentical (issued in order named).