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015 Cobitis Calderoni (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae)

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015 Cobitis Calderoni (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae) Javier Blasco-Zumeta FAUNA DE PINA DE EBRO Y SU COMARCA. ACTINOPTERYGII 015 Cobitis calderoni (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae) CLAVES DE DETERMINACIÓN Familia Cobitidae Boca pequeña, con más de 5 barbillas. Escamas sobre el cuerpo pequeñas y poco per- ceptibles. Género Cobitis. Cobitis calderoni Forma alargada, con una espina bífida eréctil Lamprehuela debajo de cada ojo. Cuerpo con 4 filas de manchas, la inferior con manchas más grandes, rectangulares y alarga- NOMBRE VULGAR das. Lamprehuela Boca con 3 pares de barbillas. NOMBRE CIENTÍFICO Con una sola aleta dorsal en posición un poco posterior a las ventrales. Cobitis calderoni Bacescu, 1962 Aleta dorsal con 7 radios ramificados. DESCRIPCIÓN Hasta 8 cm. Cuerpo alargado y cilíndrico, con 4 filas de manchas oscuras, la inferior con las manchas más grandes, rectangulares y alarga- das; cabeza con una espina bífida bajo el ojo; boca ínfera, con 3 pares de barbillas; aleta dor- sal con 7 radios ramificados, situada un poco posterior al inicio de las ventrales. CLAVES DE DETERMINACIÓN Subphylum Vertebrata Animales formados por dos mitades simétricas (simetría bilateral). Cuerpo no segmentado. Con esqueleto interno óseo o cartilaginoso, con cráneo y columna vertebral que protegen al sis- tema nervioso. Sistema nervioso en posición dorsal. Clase Actinopterygii Lamprehuela. Detalle de la cabeza con 6 Especies acuáticas, con branquias durante toda barbillas y diseño del flanco. la vida. Extremidades transformadas en aletas, la ma- ESPECIES SIMILARES yoría de las aletas con radios en abanico. El tamaño pequeño, el diseño de 4 filas de man- Dos aperturas branquiales cubiertas por un opér- chas con la inferior con manchas más grandes culo. rectangulares y la boca con 3 pares de barbillas Con dos pares de orificios nasales. diferencian a esta especie de los demás peces de Piel con escamas no esmaltadas y generalmente la Comarca. imbricadas. DETERMINACIÓN DE LA EDAD Orden Cypriniformes Los juveniles con aspecto similar al adulto, con Cuerpo generalmente cubierto de escamas. la única diferencia de su menor tamaño. Escamas sobre la superficie ventral sin cresta. Dientes ausentes. Línea lateral presente. Con sólo una aleta dorsal, anterior a la anal. Aleta caudal bifurcada. http://www.javierblasco.arrakis.es http://monteriza.com/ Página 1 Javier Blasco-Zumeta FAUNA DE PINA DE EBRO Y SU COMARCA. ACTINOPTERYGII 015 Cobitis calderoni (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae) DETERMINACIÓN DEL SEXO BIBLIOGRAFÍA Ambos sexos son de aspecto similar, no siendo Perdices, A., 2013. Lamprehuela – Cobitis cal- posible su diferenciación. deroni . En: Enciclopedia Virtual de los Verte- brados Españoles . Salvador, A., Elvira, B. DISTRIBUCIÓN Y HÁBITAT (Eds.). Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Endémica de la Península Ibérica. Es un pez que Madrid. http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/ gusta de aguas claras con fondos de gravas y rocas. En la Comarca hay citas de presencia an- tigua ignorándose su estatus actual. ESTUDIO ANATÓMICO ALIMENTACIÓN Alimentación omnívora, captura larvas de insec- tos y otros invertebrados, algas y detritus. REPRODUCCIÓN La freza tiene lugar en primavera, entre marzo y mayo. Para la puesta necesita fondos de grava con fuerte corriente, donde las hembras excavan surcos con la cola poniendo una media de 200 huevos. COSTUMBRES Y COMENTARIOS La espina bífida que tiene bajo el ojo es utiliza- da para defenderse de los predadores. La lam- prehuela necesita mucho oxígeno disuelto en el agua, por lo que selecciona lugares con buena corriente. La edad media calculada para esta especie es de 3 años para los machos y 5 para las hembras. BIBLIOGRAFÍA Blasco, J., Blázquez, C. & del Valle, J., 1011. Guía del agua, la pesca y la náutica del Bajo Aragón-Caspe . Ed. Comarca de Bajo Aragón- Caspe/Baix Aragó-Casp. Zaragoza. 190 pp. Doadrio, I. ed., 2001. Atlas y Libro Rojo de los peces continentales de España . Dirección Gene- ral de Conservación de la Naturaleza-Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Madrid. 364 pp. Maitland, P.S. & Linsell, K., 1980. Guía de los peces de agua dulce de Europa . Ed. Omega. Madrid. 258 pp. Nadal, J., Vericad, J.R., Vidal, A., Martínez- Rica, J.P. & Balcells, E., 1968. Guión para tra- bajos prácticos Zoología-Cordados . Pub. del Centro Pirenaico de Biología Experimental. Barcelona-Jaca. 350 pp. http://www.javierblasco.arrakis.es http://monteriza.com/ Página 2 .
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