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Planning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in Bangladesh Final Report- Volume 2

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Planning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in Bangladesh Final Report- Volume 2 Planning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in Bangladesh Final Report- Volume 2 Department of Urban and Regional Planning (DURP) Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) February 2018 (Revised) Planning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in Bangladesh The analyses presented and views expressed in this report are those of the authors and they do not necessarily reflect the views of the Government of Bangladesh, Local Government Engineering Department, Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) or Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET). Cover Photo: Mr. Md. Mashrur Rahman using LGED’s GIS Database Quality assurance and review table Version Author(s) Reviewer(s) Date Department URP, BUET Les Sampson and October 13, 2017 1 Maysam Abedin, ReCAP Department URP, BUET Abul Monzur Md. Sadeque and October 19, 2017 Md. Sohel Rana, LGED Department URP, BUET Les Sampson and January 10, 2018 2 Maysam Abedin, ReCAP Department URP, BUET Abul Monzur Md. Sadeque and January 27, 2018 Md. Sohel Rana, LGED ReCAP Project Management Unit Cardno Emerging Market (UK) Ltd Oxford House, Oxford Road Thame OX9 2AH United Kingdom Page 2 Planning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in Bangladesh Key words Bangladesh, Rural Road, Rural Road Prioritisation, Rural Road Network Planning, Core Road Network, Multi Criteria Analysis, Cost Benefit Analysis, Local Government Engineering Department. RESEACH FOR COMMUNITY ACCESS PARTNERSHIP (ReCAP) Safe and sustainable transport for rural communities ReCAP is a research programme, funded by UK Aid, with the aim of promoting safe and sustainable transport for rural communities in Africa and Asia. ReCAP comprises the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) and the Asia Community Access Partnership (AsCAP). These partnerships support knowledge sharing between participating countries in order to enhance the uptake of low cost, proven solutions for rural access that maximise the use of local resources. The ReCAP programme is managed by Cardno Emerging Markets (UK) Ltd. See www.research4cap.org Page 3 Planning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in Bangladesh Acknowledgements We are grateful to the Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) for providing us access to their databases, relevant documents and necessary data required for undertaking this study. We sincerely thank the Working Group members for this study and LGED officials at the (Head Quarters) HQs and field offices in Tangail for their helpful advice, guidance, and active support and participation in developing the methodology, computer programme and organising the stakeholders meetings and local level workshops in Tangail. We sincerely acknowledge LGED GIS Unit for allowing us to upload the software developed by this project in their online GIS portal. We would also like to thank the elected representatives of the upazila and union parishads in Tangail for their kind cooperation and active participation at stakeholders meetings and local workshops. We gratefully acknowledge ReCAP for their support and providing financial resources required for undertaking this study. Page 4 Planning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in Bangladesh Acronyms, units and currencies AADT Average Annual Daily Traffic AHP Analytic Hierarch Process APS Agricultural Product Surplus BC Bituminous Concrete BDT Bangladesh Taka BRTC Bureau of Research Testing and Consultancy (at BUET) BUET Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology CARE A non-profit public charity CBA Cost Benefit Analysis CC Cement Concrete CVD Commercial Vehicles per Day DURP Department of Urban and Regional Planning EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return FRB Feeder Road Type B GBP Great Britain Pound GIS Geographical Information System GoB Government of Bangladesh HBB Herring Bone Bond (brick pavement) HDM Highway Design and Maintenance Model HQ Head Quarters LGED Local Government and Engineering Department LGI Local Government Institution IRAP Integrated Rural Accessibility Planning IRI International Roughness Index MCA Multi-Criteria Analysis MST Minimal Spanning Tree NH National Highway NMT Non-motorised Transport NPV Net Present Value PCU Passenger Car Unit PHF Peak Hour Factor PMGSY Prime Ministers Rural Roads Scheme (in India) RCC Reinforced Cement Concrete RDBMS Road Database Management System ReCAP Research for Community Access Partnership RED Roads Economic Decision Model RHD Roads and Highways Department RPPM Rural Road Planning and Prioritisation Model RSDMS Road and Structure Database Management System RR1 Rural Road Type 1 SCF Shadow Price Conversion Factor SDG Sustainable Development Goals (of the United Nations) SFYP Seventh Five Year Plan TTCS Travel Time Cost Saving ToR Terms of Reference ToT Training of Trainers UCS User Cost Saving VOCS Vehicle Operating Cost Saving VPD Vehicles per day WG Working Group Page 5 Planning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in Bangladesh Terminologies Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) An analytical procedure to determine the relative importance of a number of criteria or factors considering the opinion of experts. Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) A procedure for evaluating the desirability of a project by comparing its total benefits with total costs. Results may be expressed in many ways including Economic Internal Rate of Return (EIRR), Net Present Value (NPV), and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR). Earth Road An unpaved road with bare earth surface made from the soil of the land surface through which it passes; generally built on a raised embankment; commonly known in Bangladesh as “Kutcha rasta”. LGED usually uses the term ‘‘Earthen Road’’ for such roads. Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) A procedure for appraising the total effect of a number of criteria or factors considering their relative importance. Passenger Car Unit (PCU) is an equivalence measure of the impact that a transport mode has on traffic flow compared to a single standard passenger car. Page 6 Planning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in Bangladesh Contents Key words 3 Acknowledgements 4 Acronyms, Units and Currencies 5 Terminologies 6 Annex A: Office order of the working group……………………………………………………………………………8 Annex B: Members of BUET project team…………………………………………………………………………..…10 Annex C: Terms of reference (TOR) ....................................................................................... 11 Annex D: List of meetings ........................................................................................................... 18 Annex E: List of officials met ................................................................................................. 19 Annex F: Reports of local workshops .......................................................................................... 21 Annex G: Survey instrment of multi-criteria analysis ............................................................... 141 Annex H: Methodology to estimate threshold population ...................................................... 143 Annex I: Maps of core road networks ................................................................................. 147 Annex J: List of roads forming core road network ................................................................ 160 Annex K: Generated output using software ........................................................................ 168 Page 7 Annex A: Office order of the working group Page 8 Page 9 Annex B: Members of BUET project team Team Leader: Dr. Abdul Quium Supported by Prof. Dr. Sarwar Jahan Transportation Planning Team: Dr. Abdul Hadi (April to December, 2016) and Mr. Atif Masood M. Saadi (January- December, 2017) Supported by Dr. Md. Musleh Uddin Hasan Ms Farzana Khatun Mr. Mashrur Rahman GIS Team Prof. Dr. Shakil Akther Supported by Mr. Tanjeeb Ahmed Mr. Tanvir Hossain Shubho Supported by Land Use Analysis Team consisting of Prof. Dr. Ishrat islam Prof. Dr. Afsana Haque Mr. Anindya Kishore Debnath Programming Team Prof. Dr. M. Sohel Rahman Supported by Mr. Fahim Tahmid Chaudhury Mr. Maeenul Islam Mr. Md. Kamrul Hasan Mr. Taufique Hossain Mr. Mashrur Rahman GIS Assistant Mr. Kazi Ehsanul Bari Research Assistant Mr. Mujahidul Islam Project Coordinator/Manager Dr. Md. Musleh Uddin Hasan Page 10 Planning and Prioritization of Rural Roads in Bangladesh Annex C: Terms of reference Planning and prioritisation of rural roads in Bangladesh Project Reference: BAN2072A 1 Background 1.1 Overview The Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) is a six-year programme of applied research and knowledge dissemination funded by a grant from the UK Government through the Department for International Development (DFID). The overall aim is to promote safe and sustainable rural access in Africa and Asia through research and knowledge sharing between participating countries and the wider community. Cardno Emerging Markets (UK) Ltd has been contracted by DFID to manage ReCAP. There are two components under ReCAP: Africa Community Access Project (AfCAP) and Asia Community Access Project (AsCAP). The first phase of AFCAP commenced in June 2008 and ended in July 2014. The second phase, which will also run for 6 years, commenced on the 1st August 2014. AfCAP has been working in more than ten African Countries. In Asia, AsCAP initiated activities in Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar. Bangladesh’s Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) showed keen interest on rural road research. LGED has been participating in all regional forums. 1.2 Project Context Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated nations in the world with around
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