International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945 Research Article SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF GWALIOR REGION Anjali S. Patil, Dr. R. K. Pandit Address for Correspondence Lecturer, Department of Architecture, Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior, MP, INDIA Professor, Department of Architecture, Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior, MP, INDIA. Mail ID: [email protected] people living in a time or place are able to INTRODUCTION: satisfy their wants. Human Development is a development paradigm Study Area that is about much more than the rise or fall of Gwalior District lies between latitude 26°13'N National Income. It is about creating an and longitude 76°10'E. The district has an area environment in which people can develop their of 5,214 km² and elevation 197m (646 feet) and full potential and lead productive, creative lives a population 16,29,881 (2001 census), a 26% in accordance with their needs and interests. increase from 1991 and thus making a perfect People are the real wealth of nations. case of urbanization. Gwalior District is Development is thus about expanding the bounded by the districts of Bhind to the choices people have to lead lives that they value. northeast, Datia to the east, Shivpuri to the Fundamental to enlarging these choices is south, Sheopur to the east, and Morena to the building human capabilities —the range of northwest. Other cities/ towns in this district are things that people can do or be in life. The most Antari, Bhitarwar, Bilaua, Dabra, Morar basic capabilities for human development are to Cantonment, Pichhore, and Tekanpur. lead long and healthy lives, to be Dataset: knowledgeable, to have access to the resources The Gwalior District Socio-Economic Index was needed for a decent standard of living and to be developed using data from the 2001 Census of able to participate in the life of the community. Population and dwelling. These records include The standard of living refers to the quality and information on occupation, education, income, quantity of goods and services available to employment status, hours worked, age, sex and people, and the way these goods and services are ethnic group, all of which have been used in the distributed within a population. It is generally development and testing of the Gwalior District. measured by access and quality of health care, Economic Resources educational standards and social rights are often The occupational pattern for Gwalior city used as well. Examples are access to certain indicates a slight shift from the manufacturing goods (such as number of post offices, telephone sector to the commercial sector during the last connections etc per 1000 people), or measures of few decades. While the industrial growth within health such as life desires It is the ease by which the city limits seems to have slowed down, there IJAET/Vol.I/ Issue III/Oct.-Dec.,2010/256-265 International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945 is further increase in the trade and commerce economic resource is noticed in year 2002-03, activities. The trend also indicates that large but next two year there is no rise in economical increase in industrial workforce has apparently resource. There is need to generate more been absorbed in the neighboring towns of economic resources like Industries, Roads etc. to Morena and Bhind. The current economic base maintain the quality of the living standard. of the city remains commerce. There is a large Human Resources: component of the workforce in the service sector Urban services of any area depend on Human too which includes tourism and Education. Resources like Male female population, Total However, it has been observed that tourist workers, Cultivators, agricultural population, infrastructure in the city is not present in Household persons etc. The present study has proportion to the tourist potential of the town. been carried for, Gird, Dabra, Ghatigaon and There is thus a large scope for growth in this Morar area of Gwalior district in Madhya sector. Industries are now coming up in a Pradesh. Table 1.2 shows the Human resources planned manner in integrated industrial of these areas, and According to this table estates which are developed and managed economic status of Bhitarwar block is high as by independent industrial development compared to other four blocks. corporations. The importance of Gwalior as • The situation of human resources is very a vibrant industrial base lies its strategic low in Gird region as compared to other location and the status given to it of a four blocks and need to be given more counter magnet to the National Capital attention for the development. Region. It is imperative therefore that any • In Ghatigao region human resources is development envisaged as part of its slightly high as compared to Gird counter magnet role should consider region. industrial development as a potential sector • The third region Morar is relatively that could offset much of the primacy effect equal in human resources to Ghatigaon of Delhi. The present study has been carried region and growth of human resources is for, Gird, Dabra, Ghatigaon and Morar area of low. Gwalior district in Madhya Pradesh. Table 1.1& • Dabra region is also similar to Ghatigao 1.2 shows the Economic status of these areas, and Morar region. various small scale industries, middle scale • The last region Bhitrwar has highest industries, post offices, Telegram offices, human resources as compared to other P.C.O., Telephone connection are present in four blocks that means there are enough these areas which shows the economical status population of workers, cultivators, of these blocks. According to this table Literate people etc. economic status of Gird block is high as compared to other four blocks. As little rise in IJAET/Vol.I/ Issue III/Oct.-Dec.,2010/256-265 International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945 Table 1.1: Economic Status of Gird, Dabra, Ghatigaon, Morar, and Bhitarwar areas Economical Resources Tehsil / Blocks Primary/ sub post Telegram office P.C.O. Telephone connections office No Per,000 weightag No Per,000 weightag No Per,000 weightag No Per, weighta Agree- e e e 000 ge gate index Gird 41 0.022147 95.35 4 0.002161 100 2846 1.54 88.495 102855 55.56 89.94 91.62 Ghatigaaon 43 0.023227 100.00 3 0.001621 75 2963 1.60 92.133 114355 61.77 100.00 66.73 Morar 43 0.023227 100.00 3 0.001621 75 3062 1.65 95.212 108535 58.63 94.91 56.71 Dabra 41 0.022147 95.35 3 0.001621 75 3216 1.74 100 112646 60.85 98.51 57.30 Bhitarwar 2 0.011 36.76 0 0 0.00 79 0.43 17.06 1538 8.40 9.70 13.27 Economical Resources Population - 2001 Small Scale Industries Middle Industries Post Offices Tehsil / Weight- Weight- Weight- Blocks Male Female Total No Per,000 No Per,000 No Per,000 age age age Gird 636542 540823 1177365 592 0.50 67.61 4 0.0034 100 2 0.0017 100 Ghatigaaon 89034 75007 164041 122 0.74 100.00 0 0.0000 0 0 0.0000 0 Morar 82451 65325 147776 35 0.24 31.85 0 0.0000 0 0 0.0000 0 Dabra 96791 82268 179059 43 0.24 32.29 0 0.0000 0 0 0.0000 0 Bhitarwar 99037 83987 183024 40 0.22 29.39 0 0.0000 0 0 0.0000 0 Total 1851265 Population Table 1.2: Economic Growth rate of Gwalior District for year 2002-2006 Economical resources Years Small Scale Industries Middle Industries Post Offices No Per,000 weightage No Per,000 weightage No Per,000 weightage 2002-03 253 0.136663 37.4815 4 0.00216 100 2 0.00108 100 2003-04 658 0.355433 97.4815 4 0.00216 100 2 0.00108 100 2004-05 649 0.350571 96.1481 4 0.00216 100 2 0.00108 100 2005-06 675 0.364616 100 4 0.00216 100 2 0.00108 100 Continue to next table IJAET/Vol.I/ Issue III/Oct.-Dec.,2010/256-265 International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945 Economical resources Years Primary/ sub post office Telegram office P.C.O. Telephone connections Agreegate No Per, weight No Per, weighta No Per, weighta No Per, weighta index 000 age 000 ge 000 ge 000 ge 2002-03 35 0.030 100.00 0 0.0000 0.00 2979 2.53 100.00 101953 86.59 100.00 76.78 H 2003-04 1 0.006 20.51 1 0.0061 90.08 72 0.44 17.35 1532 9.34 10.78 62.31 L 2004-05 1 0.007 22.76 1 0.0068 100.00 229 1.55 61.25 899 6.08 7.03 69.59 2005-06 4 0.022 75.15 0 0.0000 0.00 158 0.88 34.87 9155 51.13 59.04 67 Table 1.3: Human Resources of Gird, Dabra, Ghatigaon, Morar, and Bhitarwar Regions Human Resources Index Tehsil / Population - 20 01 Male/Female SC Population ST Population Literate Population Blocks No Per, Weight No Per, Weight No Per, Weight No Per, Weight Agree- No 000 age 000 age 000 age 000 age gate index Gird 63654 540823 1177365 1.18 93.25 20129 17.10 6.27 35696 30.32 25.17 730875 620.77 100.00 2 Ghatigaon 89034 75007 164041 1.19 94.05 20450 124.66 45.69 19759 120.45 100.00 66185 403.47 64.99 Murar 82451 65325 147776 1.26 100.00 35532 240.44 88.12 2198 14.87 12.35 66194 447.93 72.16 Dabra 96791 82268 179059 1.18 93.22 48856 272.8 5 100.00 10341 57.75 47.95 79528 444.14 71.55 Bhitarwar 99037 83987 183024 1.18 93.43 41990 229.42 84.08 9734 53.18 44.15 84771 463.17 74.61 Social Resources Tehsil / Higher Secondary College Professional and other Ashram Schools Agreegate Blocks No Per Weight No Per, Weight No Per, Weight No Per, Weight index 000 age 000 age 000 age 000 age Gird 133 0.11 100.00 30 0.03 100.00 75 0.06 100 11 0.01 19.16 81.38 Ghatigaaon 7 0.04 37.78 1 0.01 23.92 0 0.00 0 8 0.05 100.00 43.17 Morar 4 0.03 23.96 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 3 0.02 41.63 38.18 Dabra 17 0.09 84.05 4 0.02 87.67 0.00 0 0 0.00 0.00 62.19 Bhitarwar 11 0.06 53.20 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1 0.01 11.20 36 IJAET/Vol.I/ Issue III/Oct.-Dec.,2010/256-265 International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945 Social Resources: primary, secondary and tertiary gross enrollment Social resources are related with educational and ratio (with one-third weight).