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Abdurrahman Wahid Memoir Abdurrahman Wahid memoir protests that led to riots in May 1998 after Kiai Haji Abdurrahman Wahid, nicknamed Gus Dur (born in Jombang, East Java, 7 September 1940 - died in Jakarta, December 30, 2009 at age 69 years) [1] is the Indonesian Muslim leaders and political leaders who became Indonesia's fourth president 1999 to 2001. He replaces President B. J. Habibie was elected by the Assembly after the 1999 election results. Implementation of government assisted by the Cabinet of National Unity. Abdurrahman Wahid's presidency began on October 20, 1999 and ending on the Special Session of the Assembly in 2001. Exactly July 23, 2001, its leadership was replaced by Megawati Sukarnoputri after the mandate is revoked by the Assembly. Abdurrahman Wahid is a former chairman of Tanfidziyah (executive body) NU and founder of the National Awakening Party (PKB). er, K.H. Wahid Hashim, involved in the Nationalist Movement and became Minister of Religious Affairs in 1949. His mother, Mrs.. Hj. Sholehah, is the daughter of the founder of Boarding Schools Denanyar Jombang. His brother is Salahuddin Wahid Wahid and Lily. He was married to Sinta Nuriyah and has four daughters: Alisa, Yenny, Anita, and Inayah. Gus Dur had openly stated that he has Chinese blood. Abdurrahman Wahid claimed that he was a descendant of Tan Kim Han is married to Tan A Lok, brother of Prince Broken (Tan Eng Hwa), founder of the Sultanate of Demak. Tan A and Tan Eng Hwa Lok is a son of Princess Campa, daughter of China who is a concubine of Raden UB V Tan Kim Han himself later a study by French researchers, Louis-Charles is identified as Sheikh Abdul Damais Qodir Al -Shini who discovered his tomb in Trowulan. In 1944, Wahid moved from Jombang to Jakarta, where his father was elected the first Chairman of the Shura Council of the Muslim Party of Indonesia (Masyumi), an organization which exists to support the Japanese army when it occupied Indonesia. After the declaration of Indonesian independence on August 17, 1945, Gus Dur back to Jombang and remain there during the war of independence against the Dutch Indonesia. At the end of the war of 1949, Wahid moved to Jakarta, and his father was appointed as Minister of Religious Affairs. Abdurrahman Wahid studied in Jakarta, go to the elementary school before moving to SD KRIS Perwari Matraman. Wahid also taught non-Muslim reading books, magazines, and newspapers by his father to expand his knowledge [7]. Gus Dur continue to live in Jakarta with his family while his father was not a minister of religion in 1952. On April 1953, Wahid's father died in a car accident. Wahid continued education and in 1954, he entered junior high school. In that year, he was not the next grade. His mother then sent Gus Dur to Yogyakarta to continue his education with the Koran to the KH. Ali Maksum in Krapyak boarding school and learn in school. In 1957, after graduating from junior high, Wahid moved to Manila to start a Muslim in the Islamic School of Education Tegalrejo. He developed a reputation as a gifted student, boarding school education completed within two years (should be four years). In 1959, Wahid moved to a boarding school in Jombang Tambakberas. There, while continuing his own education, Abdurrahman Wahid also received his first job as a teacher and later as head of the Islamic school. Gus Dur is also employed as a journalist for magazines such as Horizon and Culture Magazine Jaya. Education abroad In 1963, Wahid received a scholarship from the Ministry of Religious Affairs to study at Al Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt. He went to Egypt in November 1963. Although he is fluent in Arabic, Gus Dur told by the university that he must take remedial classes before studying Islam and Arabic. Being unable to provide proof that he has the ability to Arabic, Wahid was forced to take remedial classes. Abdurrahman Wahid enjoying life in Egypt in 1964; he likes to watch movies of Europe and America, and also watch a football game. Wahid was also involved with the Indonesian Students Association and a magazine journalist association. At the end of the year, he successfully passed the remedial Arabic classes. When he began his study of Islam and Arabic in 1965, Gus Dur was disappointed: he had studied many of the materials provided and refuse to learn the methods used University In Egypt, Wahid was employed at the Embassy of Indonesia. At the time it works, events September 30th Movement (G30S) occurs. Major General Suharto in Jakarta to handle the situation and efforts made to eradicate communism. As part of that effort, Embassy of Indonesia in Egypt were instructed to conduct an investigation of university students and to report their political position. This command is given to Wahid, who was assigned to write a report. Wahid's failure in Egypt. He did not agree on the method of education and employment after the G-30 is very disturbing himIn 1966, he was told that he should repeat the study. Gus Dur saved undergraduate education through scholarships at the University of Baghdad. Wahid moved to Iraq and enjoying his new environment. Although he fails at first, Wahid quickly learned. Wahid also continue its involvement in the Indonesian Student Association and also wrote the association's magazine. After completing his education at the University of Baghdad in 1970, Abdurrahman Wahid went to Holland to continue his education. Wahid wanted to study at the University of Leiden, but was disappointed that his education at the University of Baghdad under-recognized. From the Netherlands, Wahid went to Germany and France before returning to Indonesia in 1971. Early career Gus Dur returned to Jakarta to expect that he will go abroad again to study at McGill University Canada. He made himself busy by joining the Institute for Research, Education and Economic and Social Affairs (LP3ES) organization which consists of a progressive Muslim intellectuals and social democrats. LP3ES founded a magazine called "Prism" and Gus Dur became one of the main contributors to the magazine. In addition to working as a contributor LP3ES, Gus Dur also around schools and madrasas all over Java. At that time, schools struggled to get funding from the government by way of adopting the government curriculum. Gus Dur is concerned with that because the values of traditional pesantren increasingly faded due to this change. Gus Dur is also concerned with poverty schools that he saw. At the same time when they are persuaded to adopt the curriculum of government schools, the government also persuaded schools as agents of change and assist the government in the economic development of Indonesia. Gus Dur choose canceled study abroad and prefer to develop the pesantren. Abdurrahman Wahid continued his career as a journalist, writing for magazines and newspaper article was well received and he began to develop a reputation as a social commentator. With the popularity of it, she received many invitations to give lectures and seminars, he must make a round trip between Jakarta and Jombang, where his family lived with Gus Dur. Despite having a successful career at the time, Gus Dur still find it hard to live only from one source of income and he worked to earn extra income by selling peanuts and delivering ice. In 1974 Gus Dur in Jombang get additional work as a teacher at the boarding school Tambakberas and soon developed a good reputation. Wahid added a year later his work with a Master's Kitab Al Hikam. In 1977, Gus Dur joined the University as dean of the Faculty of Hashim Asyari practices and beliefs of Islam and the University of Gus Dur wants to teach additional subjects such as Islamic law and missiology. However, the excess caused some resentment from some of the university. NU Early involvement of Wahid immediate family background means. He will be asked to play an active role in running the NU. This request is contrary to the aspirations of Gus Dur in a public intellectual, and he twice refused the offer to join the Advisory Council of Religious NU. However, Wahid finally joined the Board after his grandfather, Bisri Syansuri, gave her third bid [15]. For taking this job, Wahid also choose to move from Jombang to Jakarta and stayed there. As a member of the Advisory Council of Religious Affairs, Wahid led NU themselves as reformers. At that time, Abdurrahman Wahid also got his first political experience. In the 1982 legislative election, Wahid campaign for the United Development Party (PPP), an Islamic party that was formed as a result of the combined four Islamic parties, including NU. Wahid said that the government interfere with the PPP campaign captures people like him [16]. However, Wahid has always managed to escape because it has a relationship with important people such as General Benny Moerdani. Reforming NU At that time, many people who see NU as an organization in a state of stagnation / stalled. After discussion, the Advisory Council of Religious eventually formed Team Seven (which includes Wahid) to work on reform issues and help revive the NU. Reforms in the organization, including changes in leadership. On May 2, 1982, senior officials met with Chairman of NU NU Idham and requested that he resign. Idham, who has guided NU to the era of transition of power from Sukarno to Suharto initially resisted, but eventually backed down under pressure. On May 6, 1982, Wahid heard Idham choice to step back and see him, and he said that the retreat is not constitutional demand. With the appeal Wahid, Wahid Idham cancel decline and along with seven teams can negotiate an agreement between Idham and the person requesting the decline In 1983, Soeharto was re-elected as president for a term to-4 by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) and began taking steps to make Pancasila as state ideology.
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