Abdurrahman Wahid Memoir
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Indonesia Beyond Reformasi: Necessity and the “De-Centering” of Democracy
INDONESIA BEYOND REFORMASI: NECESSITY AND THE “DE-CENTERING” OF DEMOCRACY Leonard C. Sebastian, Jonathan Chen and Adhi Priamarizki* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION: TRANSITIONAL POLITICS IN INDONESIA ......................................... 2 R II. NECESSITY MAKES STRANGE BEDFELLOWS: THE GLOBAL AND DOMESTIC CONTEXT FOR DEMOCRACY IN INDONESIA .................... 7 R III. NECESSITY-BASED REFORMS ................... 12 R A. What Necessity Inevitably Entailed: Changes to Defining Features of the New Order ............. 12 R 1. Military Reform: From Dual Function (Dwifungsi) to NKRI ......................... 13 R 2. Taming Golkar: From Hegemony to Political Party .......................................... 21 R 3. Decentralizing the Executive and Devolution to the Regions................................. 26 R 4. Necessary Changes and Beyond: A Reflection .31 R IV. NON NECESSITY-BASED REFORMS ............. 32 R A. After Necessity: A Political Tug of War........... 32 R 1. The Evolution of Legislative Elections ........ 33 R 2. The Introduction of Direct Presidential Elections ...................................... 44 R a. The 2004 Direct Presidential Elections . 47 R b. The 2009 Direct Presidential Elections . 48 R 3. The Emergence of Direct Local Elections ..... 50 R V. 2014: A WATERSHED ............................... 55 R * Leonard C. Sebastian is Associate Professor and Coordinator, Indonesia Pro- gramme at the Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, S. Rajaratnam School of In- ternational Studies, Nanyang Technological University, -
The Populism of Islamist Preachers in Indonesia's 2019 Presidential
The Populism of Islamist Preachers in Indonesia’s 2019 Presidential Election Yuka Kayane University of Tsukuba Populism without leadership? he literature on populism in Asian countries over the past two decades has generally featured charismatic and often autocratic leaders, as notably demonstrated elsewhere by the rise (and fall) of Thaksin Shinawatra due to his vehement rhetoric that antago- Tnized political elites in Bangkok, Rodrigo Duterte’s brutal and lawless war on drugs, and the continuous electoral success of Narendra Modi’s Hindu nationalist government, which prop- agates a divisive rhetoric that alienates Muslim minorities.1 Those analyses and media com- mentaries have highlighted personalistic leaders’ political strategies for seeking or exercising governmental power based on direct, unmediated, un-institutionalized support from large numbers of mostly unorganized followers.2 While the aforementioned top-down populism with powerful leadership has often attracted significant attention, recent studies have shown that there are varieties of other forms of populist mobilization; some take bottom-up forms of social movement, while others have both personalist leadership and social movement.3 In addition, its characteristics substantially depend on local context, such as the ideological bases that are most appealing to the specific society, the figures best positioned to succeed in gaining acceptance as a representative of the people, and how antagonistic oppositions are constructed. The term ‘populism’ was widely used during the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, in which both candidates––Joko Widodo (Jokowi) and Prabowo Subianto––leveraged the 1 Joshua Kurlantzick,“Southeast Asia’s Populism is Different but Also Dangerous,” Council on Foreign Relations, November 1, 2018, https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/southeast-asias-populism-different-also-dange rous, accessed December 12, 2019. -
PRIVATISASI BUMN DAN REORIENTASI PERAN NEGARA DI SEKTOR BISNIS PASCA ORDE BARU (Studi Komparasi Tiga Masa Pemerintahan) Syamsul Ma’Arif 45
PRIVATISASI BUMN DAN REORIENTASI PERAN NEGARA DI SEKTOR BISNIS PASCA ORDE BARU (Studi Komparasi Tiga Masa Pemerintahan) Syamsul Ma’arif 45 Research, Lawrence Erlbaum journalism, Oxford, Reuters PRIVATISASI BUMN DAN REORIENTASI PERAN Associates, New Jersey, 2004 Institute for the Study of Maswadi Rauf dan Mappa Nasrun (ed.), Journalism, 2010. NEGARA DI SEKTOR BISNIS PASCA ORDE BARU Indonesia dan Komunikasi Nimmo, D. D., & Sanders, K. R. (Eds.), (Studi Komparasi Tiga Masa Pemerintahan) Politik, Gramedia Pustaka Handbook of political Utama, Jakarta, 1993. communication. Beverly Hills, Syamsul Ma’arif Newman., UK Election 2010, CA: Sage, 1981. Staf Pengajar FISIP Universitas Lampung Mainstream Media and the Role Richard M. Perloff, The Dynamics of Email: [email protected] of the Internet: How social and Political Communication: Media digital media affected the and Politics in a Digital Age, business of politics and Routledge, New York, 2014 Abstract This research describes dynamic of inter actors relation during process of privatization of Indonesia’s state owned enterprises in the post New Order era. Privatization means govenment policy aimed at enabling private sector to take over state owned enterprises. Privatizations can also be defined as a set of stage taken to minimize the role of government in order to step up the role of private sector in economics and assets ownership. Privatization as an economical policy doesn’t exist in “empty room”. Privatization policy must be viewed a product of political process. So, the success or failure of this policy is highly influenced by political context. In case of Indonesia, privatization policy did’nt succeed to achieve the goals because of many political constrain happened during the implementation. -
Redalyc.Democratization and TNI Reform
UNISCI Discussion Papers ISSN: 1696-2206 [email protected] Universidad Complutense de Madrid España Marbun, Rico Democratization and TNI reform UNISCI Discussion Papers, núm. 15, octubre, 2007, pp. 37-61 Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=76701504 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative UNISCI Discussion Papers, Nº 15 (Octubre / October 2007) ISSN 1696-2206 DEMOCRATIZATIO A D T I REFORM Rico Marbun 1 Centre for Policy and Strategic Studies (CPSS), Indonesia Abstract: This article is written to answer four questions: what kind of civil-military relations is needed for democratization; how does military reform in Indonesia affect civil-military relations; does it have a positive impact toward democratization; and finally is the democratization process in Indonesia on the right track. Keywords: Civil-military relations; Indonesia. Resumen: Este artículo pretende responder a cuatro preguntas: qué tipo de relaciones cívico-militares son necesarias para la democratización; cómo afecta la reforma militar en Indonesia a las relaciones cívico-militares; si tiene un impacto positivo en la democratización; y finalmente, si el proceso de democratización en Indonesia va por buen camino. Palabras clave: relaciones cívico-militares; Indonesia. Copyright © UNISCI, 2007. The views expressed in these articles are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of UNISCI. Las opiniones expresadas en estos artículos son propias de sus autores, y no reflejan necesariamente la opinión de U*ISCI. -
Ƨǐȑŭơ Dzƣđơ Ɣȃnjǻȁ ƾȉūơ Ƕǰūơ Ƨǂǿƣǜ Śƥ Ƨǫȑǡdzơ Ǎƹǧ Ńƛ
GOOD GOVERNANCE AND THE EMERGENCE OF A PUBLIC SPHERE: Gazing Upon the Reform of Islamic law in Indonesia By: Muhammad Latif Fauzi* Abstrak Tulisan ini menyorot fenomena good governance dikaitkan dengan munculnya ruang public (public sphere) di tengah-tengah masyarakat Indonesia. Penulis mengambil kasus gagasan Counter Legal Draft Kompilasi Hukum Islam dan berbagai corak reaksi dan respon masyarakat sebagai contoh ruang publik yang patut diapresiasi. Sebagai kesimpulan, dapat dikatakan bahwa ketersediaan ruang publik tidak lebih dari sekadar penciptaan iklim/atmosfir yang kondusif dan kokoh untuk melanjutkan agenda pembangunan good governance yang masih belum berjalan seutuhnya. ĤŲά╫ė .ĜΣŧ ΣΔΛŋΔċ ∟ ΌĜẃΉė ΆĜľė ●ΜūΔΛ ŋΣ╩ė Ύ΅ ╪ė ģŏΙĜǿ ╚ġ Ĥ⅝άẃΉė ŭ ĸ₤ ⌠ċ ⌡Ĝ╪ė ΆĜ⅞╬ė Ξẃŧ Ρ ĤΣΏάŦΩė ĤẃΡŏūΉė ╚ġ ĭ ŗ╬ė ΑΜΔĜ⅝ ģŊΜŧ Ώ ΞΊẂ ĤΏĜẃΉė ΆĜẃ₤Χė ŊΛŊŎ ĤΣŷ⅝ ΒΏ ⌡Ĝ╪ė ΆĜ⅞╬ė ōņĨΡ Ī ĸĢΉė ŭ Ί▼ .ĜΣŧ ΣΔΛŋΔċ ∟ ΌĜẃΉė ΆĜľė ●ΜūΕΉ ĤΣŦėŎŊ ĤΉĜķ ĜΚΕΏ ōņĨΡ º╚ΔėΜ⅞Ήė ΒΏ ĜΙ╙ỲΛ ģ╙ŧ Ώ ΆĜΐ΅ĨŦΫ ĠŦĜΕΏ ΎΣΊ⅝ċ ⅜Ί╫ ♥ėŋΚį ΑΜ΅ Ρ Αā ΝŋẃĨΡ Ϋ ΌĜẃΉė ΆĜľė ŏ₤Μħ Αā ⌠ċ ⌡Ĝ╪ė .ŋẃġ ΈΏĜ΄ Έ΅ ūġ ĜΙōΣ℮Εħ ΎĨΡ ⌐ ╕Ήė ŋΣ╩ė Ύ΅ ╪ė ĤΣΐΕħ Keywords: good governance, public sphere, Islamic law reform, the CLD of KHI A. Introduction In recent years an intensified discussion concerning good governance has arisen in many developing countries. In many cases in various countries, this situation is triggered by successfully managing the transition from military rule, military socialism and ethno-nationalist dictatorship to multi-party democracies. In Indonesia, in which the democratization is still on going process, today * He obtained his MA from the Post Graduate Programme of the State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta in 2006. -
The Politics of Military Reform in Post-Suharto Indonesia: Elite Conflict, Nationalism, and Institutional Resistance
Policy Studies 23 The Politics of Military Reform in Post-Suharto Indonesia: Elite Conflict, Nationalism, and Institutional Resistance Marcus Mietzner East-West Center Washington East-West Center The East-West Center is an internationally recognized education and research organization established by the U.S. Congress in 1960 to strengthen understanding and relations between the United States and the countries of the Asia Pacific. Through its programs of cooperative study, training, seminars, and research, the Center works to promote a stable, peaceful, and prosperous Asia Pacific community in which the United States is a leading and valued partner. Funding for the Center comes from the U.S. government, private foundations, individuals, cor- porations, and a number of Asia Pacific governments. East-West Center Washington Established on September 1, 2001, the primary function of the East- West Center Washington is to further the East-West Center mission and the institutional objective of building a peaceful and prosperous Asia Pacific community through substantive programming activities focused on the theme of conflict reduction, political change in the direction of open, accountable, and participatory politics, and American understanding of and engagement in Asia Pacific affairs. The Politics of Military Reform in Post-Suharto Indonesia: Elite Conflict, Nationalism, and Institutional Resistance Policy Studies 23 ___________ The Politics of Military Reform in Post-Suharto Indonesia: Elite Conflict, Nationalism, and Institutional Resistance _____________________ Marcus Mietzner Copyright © 2006 by the East-West Center Washington The Politics of Military Reform in Post-Suharto Indonesia: Elite Conflict, Nationalism, and Institutional Resistance by Marcus Mietzner ISBN 978-1-932728-45-3 (online version) ISSN 1547-1330 (online version) Online at: www.eastwestcenterwashington.org/publications East-West Center Washington 1819 L Street, NW, Suite 200 Washington, D.C. -
No. 227 Assessing 12-Year Military Reform in Indonesia: Major
The RSIS Working Paper series presents papers in a preliminary form and serves to stimulate comment and discussion. The views expressed are entirely the author’s own and not that of the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies. If you have any comments, please send them to the following email address: [email protected]. Unsubscribing If you no longer want to receive RSIS Working Papers, please click on “Unsubscribe.” to be removed from the list. No. 227 Assessing 12-year Military Reform in Indonesia: Major Strategic Gaps for the Next Stage of Reform Leonard C. Sebastian and Iisgindarsah S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies Singapore 6 April 2011 About RSIS The S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS) was established in January 2007 as an autonomous School within the Nanyang Technological University. RSIS’ mission is to be a leading research and graduate teaching institution in strategic and international affairs in the Asia-Pacific. To accomplish this mission, RSIS will: • Provide a rigorous professional graduate education in international affairs with a strong practical and area emphasis • Conduct policy-relevant research in national security, defence and strategic studies, diplomacy and international relations • Collaborate with like-minded schools of international affairs to form a global network of excellence Graduate Training in International Affairs RSIS offers an exacting graduate education in international affairs, taught by an international faculty of leading thinkers and practitioners. The teaching programme consists of the Master of Science (MSc) degrees in Strategic Studies, International Relations, International Political Economy and Asian Studies as well as The Nanyang MBA (International Studies) offered jointly with the Nanyang Business School. -
Analisa Journal of Social Science and Religion Volume 01 No
Analisa Journal of Social Science and Religion Volume 01 No. 02 December 2016 ISSN : 2502 – 5465 / e-ISSN: 2443 – 3859 Accredited by LIPI Number: 752/AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2016 Analisa Journal of Social Science and Religion Volume 01 No. 02 December 2016 Analisa is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Office of Religious Research and Development Ministry of Religious Affairs Semarang Indonesia. Analisa has been accredited by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI/the Indonesian Institute of science) as an academic journal. It was stated in a decree number: 752/AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2016. This journal specializes in these three aspects; religious life, religious education, religious text and heritage. Analisa aims to provide information on social and religious issues through publication of research based articles and critical analysis articles. Analisa has been published twice a year in Indonesian since 1996 and started from 2016 Analisa is fully published in English as a preparation to be an international journal. Since 2015, Analisa has become Crossref member, therefore all articles published by Analisa will have unique DOI number. Advisory Editorial Koeswinarno Religious Research and Development, Ministry of Religious Affairs, Semarang, Indonesia Editor in Chief Sulaiman Religious Research and Development, Ministry of Religious Affairs, Semarang, Indonesia International Editorial Boards Florian Pohl, Emory University, United State of America Alberto Gomes, La Trobe University, Melbourne Australia Nico J.G. Kaptein, Leiden University, Leiden -
Indonesia's Transformation and the Stability of Southeast Asia
INDONESIA’S TRANSFORMATION and the Stability of Southeast Asia Angel Rabasa • Peter Chalk Prepared for the United States Air Force Approved for public release; distribution unlimited ProjectR AIR FORCE The research reported here was sponsored by the United States Air Force under Contract F49642-01-C-0003. Further information may be obtained from the Strategic Planning Division, Directorate of Plans, Hq USAF. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Rabasa, Angel. Indonesia’s transformation and the stability of Southeast Asia / Angel Rabasa, Peter Chalk. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. “MR-1344.” ISBN 0-8330-3006-X 1. National security—Indonesia. 2. Indonesia—Strategic aspects. 3. Indonesia— Politics and government—1998– 4. Asia, Southeastern—Strategic aspects. 5. National security—Asia, Southeastern. I. Chalk, Peter. II. Title. UA853.I5 R33 2001 959.804—dc21 2001031904 Cover Photograph: Moslem Indonesians shout “Allahu Akbar” (God is Great) as they demonstrate in front of the National Commission of Human Rights in Jakarta, 10 January 2000. Courtesy of AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE (AFP) PHOTO/Dimas. RAND is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND® is a registered trademark. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions or policies of its research sponsors. Cover design by Maritta Tapanainen © Copyright 2001 RAND All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, -
Strategi Media Relations Tim Sukses Calon Presiden-Wakil Presiden Melalui Media Surat Kabar Daerah
STRATEGI MEDIA RELATIONS TIM SUKSES CALON PRESIDEN-WAKIL PRESIDEN MELALUI MEDIA SURAT KABAR DAERAH Oleh Tatik Yuniarti Dosen Program Studi Ilmu Komunikasi Fakultas Komunikasi, Sastra dan Bahasa Universitas Islam “45” Bekasi Abstract In political developments, the press is often a tool used by political elites for their sake of party and political propaganda. This is because the mass media has the power to influence society in a choice pair of presidential and vice presidential candidate. The aim of this research is to find out how the winning strategies used by success team of presidential and vice presidential candidate. The research uses content analysis method. From the analysis conducted, it is obtained that the success team of president and vice presidential candidate tend to be not optimally utilize the news media as connective information to the public. That's what ultimately realized by the success team of Wiranto-Salahuddin Wahid and Amin Rais-Siswono Yudo Husodo presidential and vice presidential candidate as one of the factors that affects both of them were lost in the 2004 presidential election. But the mass media control is not necessarily used as a benchmark victory presidential and vice presidential candidate, because the factors that influence the victory of the presidential election must also consider the respective candidates support base. Keywords: presidential elections, media relations, candidate, vice candidate PENDAHULUAN Pemilihan presiden pada tahun 2004 menjadi tonggak baru dalam sejarah politik Indonesia, karena kali pertama rakyat Indonesia memilih secara langsung pasangan calon presiden dan wakil presiden. Sebelumnya, tahun 1999 hak memilih presiden hanya di tangan 700 anggota Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR), akibatnya seringkali aspirasi mayoritas rakyat direduksi oleh keputusan elite. -
“After Suharto” in Newsweek and “End of an Era” Article in Time Magazine
NEWS IDEOLOGY OF SUHARTO’S FALL EVENT IN “AFTER SUHARTO” IN NEWSWEEK AND “END OF AN ERA” ARTICLE IN TIME MAGAZINE AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By MEITA ESTININGSIH Student Number: 044214102 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2010 NEWS IDEOLOGY OF SUHARTO’S FALL EVENT IN “AFTER SUHARTO” IN NEWSWEEK AND “END OF AN ERA” ARTICLE IN TIME MAGAZINE AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By MEITA ESTININGSIH Student Number: 044214102 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2010 i ii iii A newspaper is a collection of half-injustices Which, bawled by boys from mile to mile, Spreads its curious opinion To a million merciful and sneering men, While families cuddle the joys of the fireside When spurred by tale of dire lone agony. A newspaper is a court Where every one is kindly and unfairly tried By a squalor of honest men. A newspaper is a market Where wisdom sells its freedom And melons are crowned by the crowd. A newspaper is a game Where his error scores the player victory While another's skill wins death. A newspaper is a symbol; It is feckless life's chronicle, A collection of loud tales Concentrating eternal stupidities, That in remote ages lived unhaltered, Roaming through a fenceless world. A poem by Stephen crane iv g{|á à{xá|á |á wxw|vtàxw àÉ Åç uxÄÉäxw ÑtÜxÇàá? ytÅ|Äç tÇw yÜ|xÇwá‹ TÇw àÉ tÄÄ à{x ÑxÉÑÄx ã{É Üxtw à{|á‹ v STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY I honestly declared that this thesis, which I have written, does not contain the work or parts of the work of other people, except those cited in the quotations and the references, as a scientific paper should. -
INDO 78 0 1108140653 61 92.Pdf (681.3Kb)
Indonesia's Accountability Trap: Party Cartels and Presidential Power after Democratic Transition Dan Slater1 Idolization and "Immediate Help!": Campaigning as if Voters Mattered On July 14, 2004, just nine days after Indonesia's first-ever direct presidential election, a massive inferno ripped through the impoverished, gang-infested district of Tanah Abang in central Jakarta. Hundreds of dwellings were destroyed and over a thousand Jakartans were rendered homeless. While such catastrophes are nothing unusual in the nation's chaotic capital, the political responses suggested that some interesting changes are afoot in Indonesia's fledgling electoral democracy. The next day, presidential frontrunner Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) took a break from watching his burgeoning vote totals at the five-star Borobodur Hotel to visit Tanah Abang's fire victims. Since he had just clinched pole position in Indonesia's run-off presidential election in late September, SBY's public appearance made fantastic copy. The handsome former general comforted distraught families, then crept, head and shoulders protruding through the sunroof of his campaign minivan, through a swarm of star-struck locals. Never mind the knock-off reality-television program screening for talent just a few miles away at the swanky Semanggi shopping complex; here, in one of Jakarta's least swanky settings, appeared to be the true Indonesian Idol. 1 This article draws on a comparative project with Marc Craighead, conversations and collaboration with whom have been invaluable in refining the theoretical arguments presented here. It has also greatly benefited from the thoughtful comments of Jamie Davidson, Dirk Tomsa, and an anonymous reviewer at Indonesia; the savvy and sensitive editing of Deborah Homsher; and generous fieldwork support from the Academy for Educational Development, Emory University, and the Ford Foundation.