Maryland Historical Magazine Is Published Quarterly by the Maryland Historical Society, 201 W
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ARYLA Published Quarterly by the Maryland Historical Society SUMMER 1977 Vol. 72, No. 2 BOARD OF EDITORS JOSEPH L. ARNOLD, University of Maryland, Baltimore County JEAN BAKER, Goucher College GARY BROWNE, University of Maryland, Baltimore County GEORGE H. CALLCOTT, University of Maryland, College Park JOSEPH W. COX, Towson State University CURTIS CARROLL DAVIS, Baltimore RICHARD R. DUNCAN, Georgetown University RONALD HOFFMAN, University of Maryland, College Park EDWARD C. PAPENFUSE, Hall of Records BENJAMIN OUARLES, Morgan State University JOHN B. BOLES, Editor, Towson State University NANCY G. BOLES, Assistant Editor ELIZABETH M. DANIELS, Assistant Editor RICHARD J. COX, Manuscripts MARY K. MEYER, Genealogy MARY KATHLEEN THOMSEN, Graphics FORMER EDITORS WILLIAM HAND BROWNE, 1906-1909 LOUIS H. DIELMAN, 1910-1937 JAMES W. FOSTER, 1938-1949, 1950-1951 HARRY AMMON, 1950 FRED SHELLEY, 1951-1955 FRANCIS C. HABER, 1955-1958 RICHARD WALSH, 1958-1967 RICHARD R. DUNCAN, 1967-1974 P. WILLIAM FILBY, Director ROMAINE S. SOMERVILLE,>issisIanf Director-Curator of the Galley WALTER J. SKAYHAN, III, Assistant Director-Administration The Maryland Historical Magazine is published quarterly by the Maryland Historical Society, 201 W. Monument Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. Contributions and correspondence relating to articles, book reviews, and any other editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor in care of the Society. All contributions should be submitted in duplicate, double-spaced, and consistent with the form out- lined in A Manual of Style (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969). The Maryland Historical Society disclaims responsibility for statements made by contributors. Composed and printed at Waverly Press, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland 21202. Second-class postage paid at Baltimore, Maryland. © 1977, Maryland Historical Society. .M6A6C HALL OF RECORDS LIBRARY J CONTENTS Jacob M. Price One Family's Empire: The Russell-Lee-Clerk Connec- tion in Maryland, Britain, and India, 1707-1857 .... 165 Gerald S. Henig, ed. A Marylander's Impression of Europe During the Sum- mer of 1854 226 Martha S. Putney The Baltimore Normal School for the Education of Colored Teachers: Its Founders and Its Founding.. 238 Gail L. Garrison Two Early Romantic Paintings at the Baltimore Co- Cathedral 253 Sidelights George E. Gifford, Jr. and Florence B. Smallwood Audubon's "View of Baltimore" 266 Blanche Klasmer Cohen Benjamin Klasmer's Contribution to Baltimore's Musi- cal History 272 Norman N. Rubin From the Sea With Wings: Maryland and the Flying Boat 277 Bibliographical Notes Richard J. Cox A Bibliography of Articles and Books on Maryland History, 1976 288 Reviews of Recent Books Gifford, Cecil County, Maryland, 1608-1850, As Seen By Some Visitors, and Several Essays on Local History, by Jon Harlan Livezey • Cook, The Fathers of the Towns: Leadership and Community Structure in Eighteenth Century New England, by Richard P. Gildrie • Evans, Thomas Nelson ofYorktown: Revolu- tionary Virginian, by Miles M. Merwin • The Impact of the American Revolution Abroad, by J. G. A. Po- cock • Boles, Maryland Heritage: Five Baltimore Institutions Celebrate the American Bicentennial, by Wil- liam H. Wroten, Jr. • Lacy [and Levin], D. H. Lawrence: Letters to Thomas and Adele Seltzer, by G. Thomas Tanselle • Spector, Admiral of the New Empire: The Life and Career of George Dewey, by Hugh B. Hammett Wilson, The History of Morgan State College: A Century of Purpose in Action, 1867-1967, by Ronald M. Johnson Burgess, Chesapeake Sailing Craft, Part I, by Lewis A. Beck, Jr. Reynolds, Mary- land: A Guide to Information and Reference Sources, by Richard J. Cox Haley, Roots, by Richard Price 315 Book Notes 329 Notes and Queries 332 Can You Identify This 333 The spectacular success of Alex Haley's Roots, both as a bestseller and a TV blockbuster, follows a decade of brilliant scholarship on the subject of slavery in the United States. Coming as it does on the heels of the election of the first southern president in over a century, and one whose election was significantly aided by the black vote, the Roots phenomenon may herald a rising sensitivity on the part of whites as well as blacks to the richness of the Afro-American ex- perience. Readers interested in the topic of slavery will find a distinguished body of writing, for no other field of our common history has attracted better scholars, and upon no other subject in the last two decades has such an abundance of seminal books been published. Any list of titles-to-be-consulted should include: Kenneth M. Stampp, The Peculiar Institution (1956); Stanley M. Elkins, Slavery (1959); Richard C. Wade, Slavery in the Cities (1964); Eugene D. Genovese, The Political Economy of Slavery (1965) and Roll Jordan Roll: The World the Slaves Made (1975); David Brion Davis, The Problem of Slavery in Western Culture (1966) and The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Revolution, 1770-1823 (1975); Winthrop D. Jordan, White Over Black: American Attitudes Toward the Negro, 1550-1812 (1968); Phillip D. Curtin, The Atlantic Slave Trade: A Census (1969); R. S. Starobin, Industrial Slavery in the Old South (1970); Carl N. Degler, Neither Black Nor White: Slavery and Race Relations in Brazil and the United States (1971); John W. Blassingame, The Slave Community: Plantation Life in the Antebellum South (1972); Gerald T. Mullen, Flight and Rebellion: Slave Resistance in Eighteenth-Century Virginia (1972); George Rawick, From Sun- down to Sunup: The Making of the Black Community (1972); Robert W. Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman, Time on the Cross, 2 vols. (1974); Ira Berlin, Slaves Without Masters: Free Blacks in the Antebellum South (1974); Peter Wood, Black Majority: Negroes in Colonial South Carolina from 1670 through the Stono Re- bellion (1974); Edmund S. Morgan, American Slavery, American Freedom: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia (1975); Herbert G. Gutman, The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom, 1750-1925 (1976); Sidney W. Mintz and Richard Price, An Anthropological Approach to the Afro-American Past (1976); and Lawrence W. Levine, Black Culture and Black Consciousness: Afro-American Folk Thought From Slavery to Freedom (1977). The footnotes and bibliographies of these works will lead the reader to the vast corpus of more specialized literature. Although there is no general book on slavery in Maryland, the holdings of the Maryland Historical Society include materials that extensively document the local black experience. The Society, a private organization, does not have suffi- cient staff to guide a novice's probings, and indeed, the manuscript collection is restricted to those familiar with historical research. But persons seriously interested in the black heritage of Maryland should be aware of the Society's collections. Manuscript sources were surveyed by Nancy G. Boles, "Black History CoWeciions," Mayland Historical Magazine, 66 (Spring 1971): 72-78, and the other guides and catalogs available will direct the student to relevant sources. The Society is interested in all aspects of the state's history, and seeks to expand its resources and services. Everyone who respects his heritage and wants to build on it should support the acquisition, processing, exhibition, and publication programs of the Maryland Historical Society. John B. Boles ii Corporate/Institutional Patrons, 1976-1977 The below listed business and industrial firms have shown their interest by becoming Corporate/Industrial Patrons of the Maryland Historical Society. In return for special membership benefits, each contributes $100 or more per year. ALBAN TRACTOR COMPANY MERCANTILE SAFE DEPOSIT & TRUST AMOCO OIL COMPANY COMPANY ANCHOR POST PRODUCTS, INC. THE JOSEPH MEYERHOFF FUND, INC. RUSSELL T. BAKER & CO. MONUMENTAL CORPORATION BALTIMORE FEDERAL SAVINGS & LOAN MONUMENTAL SECURITY STORAGE ASSOCIATION COMPANY BALTIMORE LIFE INSURANCE COM- MRC CORPORATION PANY THE MULLAN FOUNDATION M. NELSON BARNES & SONS, INC. THE NEWS AMERICAN BETHLEHEM STEEL CORPORATION NOXELL CORPORATION THE C & P TELEPHONE COMPANY PHH FOUNDATION, INC. CENTRAL SAVINGS BANK POTTS AND CALLAHAN, INC. THE CHESAPEAKE CADILLAC CO. PPG INDUSTRIES FOUNDATION COMMERCIAL CREDIT COMPANY T. ROWE PRICE & ASSOCIATES COOPERS AND LYBRAND PROVIDENT SAVINGS BANK OF BALTI- JOHN DEERE MORE EASCO CORPORATION RAMSAY, SCARLETT & CO., INC. FIDELITY & DEPOSIT COMPANY OF RIGGS, COUNSELMAN, MICHAELS & MARYLAND DOWNES, INC. FIRST MARYLAND FOUNDATION THE ROUSE COMPANY GARAMOND PRIDEMARK PRESS SEARS, ROEBUCK & CO. W. BURTON GUY SHAW-WALKER CO. J. J. HAINES & COMPANY, INC. A. & H. SHILLMAN CO., INC. HANDY & HARMAN FOUNDATION SORENSON CONSTRUCTION HOCHSCHILD KOHN THE STIEFF FOUNDATION HUTZLER'S SUBURBAN TRUST COMPANY HYNSON, WESTCOTT & DUNNING, INC. TITLE GUARANTEE COMPANY KNOTT BROTHERS TONGUE, BROOKS & CO., INC. LANE BRYANT TUERKE'S LOCKE INSULATORS ROBB TYLER, INC. LOYOLA FEDERAL SAVINGS & LOAN AS- UNION TRUST COMPANY OF MARYLAND SOCIATION VANSANT DUGDALE MC CORMICK & CO., INC. WAVERLY PRESS MC SHANE CONSTRUCTION, INC. THE WINDJAMMERS OF THE CHESA- MARTIN MARIETTA AEROSPACE PEAKE, INC. MARYLAND CASUALTY COMPANY One Family's Empire: The Russell-Lee-Clerk Connection In Maryland, Britain, and India, 1707-1857* JACOB M. PRICE Wo'ORK ON THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF THE SEVENTEENTH AND EIGHTEENTH centuries has since the 1950s shown a marked interest in microcosmic ap- proaches. Investigators have realized that in the centuries before modern cen- suses, the only really secure data one could hope for on basic social conditions (demographic rates, marriage