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Special Forces' Wear of Non-Standard Uniforms*
Special Forces’ Wear of Non-Standard Uniforms* W. Hays Parks** In February 2002, newspapers in the United States and United Kingdom published complaints by some nongovernmental organizations (“NGOs”) about US and other Coalition special operations forces operating in Afghanistan in “civilian clothing.”1 The reports sparked debate within the NGO community and among military judge advocates about the legality of such actions.2 At the US Special Operations Command (“USSOCOM”) annual Legal Conference, May 13–17, 2002, the judge advocate debate became intense. While some attendees raised questions of “illegality” and the right or obligation of special operations forces to refuse an “illegal order” to wear “civilian clothing,” others urged caution.3 The discussion was unclassified, and many in the room were not * Copyright © 2003 W. Hays Parks. ** Law of War Chair, Office of General Counsel, Department of Defense; Special Assistant for Law of War Matters to The Judge Advocate General of the Army, 1979–2003; Stockton Chair of International Law, Naval War College, 1984–1985; Colonel, US Marine Corps Reserve (Retired); Adjunct Professor of International Law, Washington College of Law, American University, Washington, DC. The views expressed herein are the personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect an official position of the Department of Defense or any other agency of the United States government. The author is indebted to Professor Jack L. Goldsmith for his advice and assistance during the research and writing of this article. 1 See, for example, Michelle Kelly and Morten Rostrup, Identify Yourselves: Coalition Soldiers in Afghanistan Are Endangering Aid Workers, Guardian (London) 19 (Feb 1, 2002). -
198J. M. Thornton Phd.Pdf
Kent Academic Repository Full text document (pdf) Citation for published version Thornton, Joanna Margaret (2015) Government Media Policy during the Falklands War. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) thesis, University of Kent. DOI Link to record in KAR https://kar.kent.ac.uk/50411/ Document Version UNSPECIFIED Copyright & reuse Content in the Kent Academic Repository is made available for research purposes. Unless otherwise stated all content is protected by copyright and in the absence of an open licence (eg Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher, author or other copyright holder. Versions of research The version in the Kent Academic Repository may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check http://kar.kent.ac.uk for the status of the paper. Users should always cite the published version of record. Enquiries For any further enquiries regarding the licence status of this document, please contact: [email protected] If you believe this document infringes copyright then please contact the KAR admin team with the take-down information provided at http://kar.kent.ac.uk/contact.html Government Media Policy during the Falklands War A thesis presented by Joanna Margaret Thornton to the School of History, University of Kent In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History University of Kent Canterbury, Kent January 2015 ©Joanna Thornton All rights reserved 2015 Abstract This study addresses Government media policy throughout the Falklands War of 1982. It considers the effectiveness, and charts the development of, Falklands-related public relations’ policy by departments including, but not limited to, the Ministry of Defence (MoD). -
Ultimate Test of Leadership Under Stress
MILITARY Ultimate test of leadership under stress The Navy’s Perisher submarine command course is celebrating its centenary Ali Kefford April 15 2017 The Times Lieutenant-Commander Dan Simmonds on a Perisher exercise aboard HMS Talent BRAD WAKEFIELD Standing between Russia’s increasingly assertive Northern Fleet submarines and British shores are the Royal Navy submarine captains, deemed the most “feared” in the world by Tom Clancy, the author of The Hunt for Red October. Their reputation is based on the officers’ ability to push a boat and her crew confidently to the very edge of what each is capable of, acting aggressively but without becoming rash or endangering the lives of those on board. These skills are honed on an infamously brutal command course, a century old this year, known within the service as “Perisher”, because the 35 per cent who fail can never serve underwater again, making a decade’s sea preparation redundant. Perisher is knowingly unforgiving; the submarine service’s responsibilities are too complex, perilous and crucial to British defence for it not to be. In addition to keeping the nuclear deterrent on permanent patrol, its other key tasks include the launching of cruise-missile attacks, the planting of boats off enemy shores to soak up intelligence, and covertly deploying the Special Boat Service. Those running the operations must be devoid of fear — and they are. “The underwater world is still very largely impenetrable. And, as long as that remains so, it will dominate the surface of the sea, and the sky above, and the space above that,” says Admiral Sir George Zambellas, the former First Sea Lord. -
60 Years of Marine Nuclear Power: 1955
Marine Nuclear Power: 1939 - 2018 Part 4: Europe & Canada Peter Lobner July 2018 1 Foreword In 2015, I compiled the first edition of this resource document to support a presentation I made in August 2015 to The Lyncean Group of San Diego (www.lynceans.org) commemorating the 60th anniversary of the world’s first “underway on nuclear power” by USS Nautilus on 17 January 1955. That presentation to the Lyncean Group, “60 years of Marine Nuclear Power: 1955 – 2015,” was my attempt to tell a complex story, starting from the early origins of the US Navy’s interest in marine nuclear propulsion in 1939, resetting the clock on 17 January 1955 with USS Nautilus’ historic first voyage, and then tracing the development and exploitation of marine nuclear power over the next 60 years in a remarkable variety of military and civilian vessels created by eight nations. In July 2018, I finished a complete update of the resource document and changed the title to, “Marine Nuclear Power: 1939 – 2018.” What you have here is Part 4: Europe & Canada. The other parts are: Part 1: Introduction Part 2A: United States - Submarines Part 2B: United States - Surface Ships Part 3A: Russia - Submarines Part 3B: Russia - Surface Ships & Non-propulsion Marine Nuclear Applications Part 5: China, India, Japan and Other Nations Part 6: Arctic Operations 2 Foreword This resource document was compiled from unclassified, open sources in the public domain. I acknowledge the great amount of work done by others who have published material in print or posted information on the internet pertaining to international marine nuclear propulsion programs, naval and civilian nuclear powered vessels, naval weapons systems, and other marine nuclear applications. -
Piracy and Armed Robbery (B) Maritime Terrorism
IFC-IOR Information Fusion Centre Indian Ocean Region MONTHLY MARITIME SECURITY UPDATE (MMSU) October 2020 Collaboration for Safety and Security 2 SCOPE IFC-IOR is premised on mutual collaboration and cooperation and aims to advance maritime safety and security in the Indian Ocean Region. The Centre aims to work closely with national and regional agencies as well as like- minded organisations/ Centres to generate comprehensive Maritime Domain Awareness. The mutual collaboration is further enhanced with the presence of International Liaison Officers (ILOs) from partners nations positioned at the Centre. The Monthly Maritime Security Update (MMSU) is a comprehensive effort by the Centre to generate an overarching picture to assist the maritime community in better understanding of the maritime challenges and threats in the region. While the various maritime security threats are monitored on a daily basis by the integrated team with ILOs, and is disseminated through the IFC-IOR website, the maritime security analysis culminates in the form of monthly MMSU. The maritime security incidents for the duration of 01 Oct – 31 Oct 20 have been categorised under the following heads:- (a) Piracy and Armed Robbery (b) Maritime Terrorism (c) Contraband Smuggling (d) Irregular Human Migration (e) Illegal Unreported Unregulated (IUU) Fishing (f) Maritime Incidents (g) Natural Events (h) Environmental Security OVERVIEW OF INCIDENTS A total of 199 incidents were monitored in the wider Indian Ocean Region in the month of Oct 20. Maritime incidents comprised nearly one third of the total and were followed by Contraband Smuggling, Irregular Human Migration, IUU fishing and Piracy & Armed Robbery. Additionally, the Centre also monitors the maritime traffic in IOR. -
Biographies and Autobiographies for All Years
Kirkham Grammar School Biographies and Autobiographies For All Years . My Life and Rugby Autobiography by Eddie Jones One Click – Jeff Bezos and the rise of amazon.com by Richard L Brandt In My Life and Rugby he tells his story for the first time, including the full inside story of England's 2019 World Cup campaign. Since taking over as head coach Amazon is a case study in how to reinvent an entire industry – one that anyone of England in 2015, Eddie Jones has orchestrated a complete revival of the in business ignores to their peril. Richard Brandt’s One Click uncovers the secret national team. behind the company’s triumph, much of which hinges on Jeff Bezos’s, it’s founder and CEO. In this fascinating book, he explains how Bezos’s unique Behind Closed Doors by Gary Lineker and Danny Baker character and ruthless business sense have driven Amazon relentlessly forward. Behind Closed Culled from the knockabout podcast of the same name, What you see is what you get by Alan Sugar Doors captures the quick fire banter between one of our best loved footballers and one of our best loved celebrity fans. Anecdotes come flying thick and fast as we Alan Sugar was born in 1947 and brought up on a council estate in learn all sorts of eye-opening things about dressing rooms and open- top buses, all Clapton, in Hackney. As a kid he watched his dad struggle to support the served up with lashings of wit and ribald humour. family, never knowing from one week to the next if he'd have a job. -
SBS FULL VERSION.Indd
SPECIAL BOAT SERVICE: INTRODUCTION THE HISTORY 58456OF THE SBS RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION THE TOP 10 INSIDER TIPS AND ADVICE SELECTION - PHASE 1 THINGS TO CONSIDER DURING SELECTION SELECTION - PHASE 2 POST SELECTION SECTIONS OF THE SBS How2become... SPECIAL BOAT SERVICE Copyright © 2007 how2become Ltd. All rights reserved. INTRODUCTION Dear Sir, Thank you for purchasing your new ‘How to Join the Special Boat Service’ CD- ROM – We very much value your custom. The Special Boat Service is one of the most respected and feared units of all the worldwide military fi ghting forces. The mystery that surrounds them is both intriguing and fascinating. Only the best get to become a member of this elite fi ghting force and this unique guide will provide you with an insight into their selection procedure. If it is your desire to one day become a member of the Special Boat Service then the road is a long one,58456 but don’t let this put you off. The SBS soldier never gives up and will succeed at all costs. After all, their motto ‘By strength and Guile’ speaks for itself. To become a member of the SBS you must be better than the rest. The only way to achieve this is to work extremely hard and to be determined to achieve your goals. Please ensure that you read the disclaimer contained within this guide before you perform any of the exercises or routines contained with the ‘How to get SBS fi t’ guide. Finally, we hope that you enjoy the guide and fi nd it as intriguing and enjoyable as we found creating it. -
Appendix: the Price of Victory
Appendix: The Price of Victory According to official estimates and public statements, the War itself cost f800 million, replacement of eqmpment lost during the campaign cost f1172 million and the total capital costs incurred since 1982 have amounted to f2005 million (Figure A.2). The additional postwar defence costs will amount to almost B.6 billion over ten years (Figure A.1). A large amount of this expenditure has already been spent or committed, not only on the replacement of equipment but also on the building of a new strategic airfield at Mount Pleasant, 20 miles from Port Stanley, on the development of a military base, also at Mount Pleasant, to house the Islands' garrison, and on the related infrastructure facilities such as roads (almost non-existent outside the Islands' capital) and docks required for these developments (Figure A.1). But large capital expenditures remain outstanding together with the large running costs of the garrison. The postwar economic aid programme, including immediate rehabilitation and compensation of civilian losses and a six-year development plan, but excluding longer-term claims for compensation from the Islanders, totalled f51 million (Figure A.3). By 1992, therefore, the total expenditure on the War, on Fortress Falklands and on the economic aid extended to the Islands since 1982 will amount to at least f4.5 billion (Figure A.4, 1983-84 average prices). But this figure is almost certainly a large underestimate of the final cost which for various reasons is likely to be weil in excess of f5 billion. The f4.5 billion figure, for example, excludes a number of additional items of expenditure for which figures are not currently available or are difficult to estimate. -
Yachts and Marinas
YACHTS & MARINAS FINANCIAL TIMES SPECIAL REPORT | Friday May 27 2011 www.ft.com/yachtsmarinas2011 | twitter.com/ftreports Inside this issue Buyers and owners The rich are The new generation of the superrich is not necessarily interested in the Riviera lifestyle Page 2 Superyachts The heady still af loat, days of bulging order books may never return Page 2 Interview Ed Dubois, but more the British naval architect, was a landlocked boy who felt discreetly the pull of the sea Page 3 Racing and regattas Organisers are hoping 1m the number of deliveries fell, the The latest challenge online gamers will take part in aggregate length of superyachts the 20112012 Volvo Ocean for the industry is produced rose slightly in 2010 to Race Page 3 buyers’ wariness about 8,008m because the average length increased from 40m to flaunting their riches. 45m. The ultra-wealthy, in other Marinas Berth prices have Victor Mallet reports words, are buying bigger yachts. risen fourfold in six years How can this be in times of at some of the most crisis? The answer is that the expensive facilities Page 4 t is no secret that the lux- very rich have, in many cases, ury yacht industry was an continued to get richer over the A home in early and prominent victim past three years. The main the Med of the economic crisis that obstacle to further growth in Big boats Ibegan with the collapse of Leh- the superyacht market, then, is battle for man Brothers in September 2008 not so much lack of money. -
Montanaro Box List
Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives King's College London MONTANARO, Brig Gerald Charles Stokes (1916-1979) Box List Box One File One • Standing Orders for the “Stand-to Period” for 101 Troop written 16th December 1941. Detailing procedures for standing-to, rations to be provided and the make-up of the Operational crews to be used. • Letter to General Montanaro dated 20th July 1941 written from the Caledonian Hotel Edinburgh. The letter is personal correspondence about their previous meeting. • A training report dated 30th March 1942, regarding 16 members of 101 Troop sent for training in Davis Submerged Escape Apparatus at H.M.S Dolphin. • An exercise report dated 14th January 1942 on a landing exercise in Dover written by General Montanaro while Captain Commanding 101 Troop. The report includes the exercises objectives which centred on testing the vigilance of harbour defences and the methods used during the exercise with individual sections covering the different parties involved and the reactions of the defenders. • Report on an Anti-Invasion exercise on the night of 13/14 April 1942 in Dover Harbour. Report includes individual reports from the commanders of the two parties about the actions they took, a hand-drawn map detailing the route taken by the parties and a hand-written report by a Sergeant of the R.E involved in the exercise. • Operation Order Amendments No.1 regarding the Anti-Invasion exercise of 13/14 April 1942, written on the 10th April 1942. Includes details on actions to be taken in rough weather and for the treatment of civilians and defences crossed during the exercise. -
Download (15Mb)
University of Warwick institutional repository: http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap/67105 This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. Never To Be Disclosed: Government Secrecy in Britain 1945 - 1975 by Christopher R. Moran BA, MA A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History University of Warwick, Department of History September 2008 CONTENTS Acknowledgements iv Docwadoo v Abbrenaaons vii Introduction INever to Be Disclosed 1 Chapter 11The Official Secrets Act: Genesis and Evolution 21 1.1 1850- 1889 22 1.21890-1920 35 Conclusions 43 Chapter 21A Silent Service: The Culture of Civil Service Secrecy 45 2.1Anonymity and Neutrality 50 2.2Security Routines 55 2.3"The Official Secrets Act Affects You!" 71 2.4 Raising the Curtain? 75 Conclusions 91 Chapter 31 Harry 'Chapman' Pincher: Sleuthing the Secret State 93 3.11945-1964 97 3.2The D-Notice Affair 107 3.31967-1975 124 Conclusions 132 Chapter 41The Riddle of the Frogman: The Crabb Affair, Secrecy and Cold War Culture 135 4.1 Disappearance 138 4.2 Conspiracy and Popular Culture 144 4.3Operation Claret 149 4.4 Backwash 156 Conclusions 159 Chapter 51Light in Dark Comers: Intelligence Memoirs and Official History -
Citizen Petition for Rulemaking Under The
October 3, 2007 Hon. Stephen L. Johnson Administrator United States Environmental Protection Agency Ariel Rios Building 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Mail Code 1101A Washington, DC 20460 Re: Petition for Rulemaking Under the Clean Air Act to Reduce the Emission of Air Pollutants from Marine Shipping Vessels that Contribute to Global Climate Change Dear Administrator Johnson: Every day the people of the United States, and the world, become more aware of the gravity and the urgency of the challenge posed by global climate change. This challenge must be met by all nations and by all sectors of the economy. The ships that ply the world’s waterways emit a significant share of the pollutants causing global climate change.1 In fact, only six countries in the world emit more carbon dioxide than the world’s fleet of marine vessels: the United States, China, Russia, India, Japan 1 Veronika Eyring and Jim Corbett, Comparing Fuel Consumption, Carbon Dioxide and Other Emissions from International Shipping and Aircraft: A Summary of Recent Research Findings, DLR-Institute of Atmospheric Physics, (2007), available at http://www.pa.op.dlr.de/SeaKLIM/Fuel_Emissions_International_Shipping.html, cited in Friends of the Earth International (FOEI), Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships: Recent Findings on Global Warming Justifying the Need for Speedy Reductions of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Shipping, submitted to Marine Environment Protection Committee, IMO, (May 4, 2007), at p.2. See also CE Delft, et al., Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Shipping and Implementation Guidance for the Marine Fuel Sulfur Directive, (2006), at 185. and Germany.2 Thus, the marine transport industry should be asked to make a significant contribution to reducing emissions that contribute to global climate change.3 Oceana, Friends of the Earth, and the Center for Biological Diversity therefore petition the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“Administrator” or “EPA”), pursuant to the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C.