(045 3012 : -. ) ()*+ &  ' "#    ! "#$ %

             

*        .9 :; <.= >?  .<= @ <& <A $  B  =  78 . I ? H BK& @   !  " U "  NI  P  » . (0b : 412a " F R. ) « 9 _ < 7& R S& P  Fantastic   ` B  H 'I    S 9 RI  H  P  < (Fantasy ) ` " ]<;

* Email: [email protected]              (&/&'/%:!"#$    / / :    1392 #$%  &$ -  !   218

"@&  ) «9 c< d <  de= "@fK& " Z7& "g   "# "%J " SJ  <<  Fantasy   `  BZ   Vij. 7K& ]<; .(41b 40h : 4120 .(lh :4155 " 8. <) 9  I #  SJ BZ k  # < "R  I  H !  miW  !  » \; <   B   A

1-2 3  0-   /  . #,-   @[ T  RS : s T "t  M  "@

PLW <; <.= $ ...  e  S "@  t    G . 9 \; <7= \; <.= < H  NI @  x 9;<| <   H R <} <[  B8K&  .R  9Sx

 :  8 9%     RZ o ; .R 

 =>  - 4;4<  €

4 7  7 4@ 3  5A<  < RRJ „ 9J  RRJ $ R$<;   " M! ! "gW<8 ]!  R! ]S R <78   . 9JI   \  n M &   . 

R!    . R    

B9$  B »  U <  & 9 L! t  <        Y.  <'8     t <> Žo • & I $    Q 9 &  t ( Genre ) <` < PL  YX& @  < :Q 9 I ‹ ;   t @ $< Q 9!  ZT& R  fLS .RQ   …^&  t Q P @ R „9 I $ <& v\T t  9 fQ M'K ‹ ‹; Šx ‹;

? I Bx H  d8   ( ‰) V

9 

    < " !  < fN~ I $ R  H jo :  ,% &;  -- n <;I         .  …A  <N~& "R   H \;   K J 9…T s   I H 9  #' B8K& @ U8  Yo " X& 'T < . .!  Bv\T   ":;  [ @ k.&  TJ . R  :9 <=! @_ J  "!  – I   J    H  < – %O ... M! j 9 < 9A $ MT  $ 

 9 @[  .R BK <&<;   :%2 &; - -  -- @  $ y .R! > $ <   J AR$ Yo   Ro    X & \! . !    I  J

L& : ZR?  '& X &    j  [ $       O  . 9 :  R     @  $ n  9 R!  #J !I €8  F=  #J<;< < :; <  » (15 :  )«; €8 78  F=  A< <  @  $   »  97X! : < $ \; ' $    :3    -- 

 o @  g < :;    V; n  I : 9 Œ& A R  $ n  "9X nX : 9 nX              R! q!=   < – kH $ RP  "M nX   < – kH    \!    R  A  < $ kH  "M nX     \! .!  —<   

9 = R   \; V

         R  :%2  - 3 P  56 $ %2  - LM . # <.= @   78 . ? R! < 9  R! Y?< J $S R \ •8  #S=    " R  225 4 7  7  40  1-2 56  

  <&<;   J %L     " <; $ RI R R   A 'A „ …A   V

: PLW<;  R R =  « L k& »  «z< »    9 —<<  s  ...  ? \      s$ #<      z< z zA  9KA <; n!< zA  RI n    ^ ! »  9 MRH T YPS \e  9 M< ?  T YPS  H (45 :  )«z z    I $ YPS  z z†' :  I $ <P! <  9K!   < \T   <'! " $ O @   : -2   - 2 . $ E$  E2 "G @   . 9 

! YX&   $ R  

"J €

X "@;

BZ_  T&   R  < :4 7  7 4@ CK LM   /K K .J  <! $    I \ R78 H "  V

   -  N C-2  - 3 4;4 $ Z%  4<$ /K -1 <  A  ;7&  R      "      O  J <! @  . 9 !…A P8     :;  $ A @  H "!  X& 'T   @; <! I !    <  <! <A H    $ .. !   < –   <! @     .9 :; BT  $

; [ K /K -2   Y[! dL "R  . 97X! 9  H T r ! "<! @    I    I  9   @  VS M  T ›!   . 9  V

2S%  \K E  4 /K -4 <  •8  X&   L! H Me    ;7& W  . 97X! < $ R  Œ& \'    H 9 8 I     . !    <  9P8  [ : $ ;7& W    RI x  z

/      ,% ]2  -C & S,K 4$ /K -5 @'H     H PLW<; <  TR$ Œ&     = <J $ < .!  ;

;  ^#M /K -6 <8 `     < W  ;

5 E S,K .K EZ/K   /K -7  ;  % = < i= "  " . 97X! k.&  

"  "78 <'8 @ <& ˆ \ :4 7  7 C     EG S,K  9 R!  <   \    7X  P8   R H 9  \! ‰J ; B[   < $ 9  \!  w  \   mP "   <  e "<;   ; @'H   T< m= R    . A\!  ! @     T<  ‰J A  '&  9 J< .J PLW<; B R8 ™ $   < e "RH    H @ <!  R < <; . 9 & R c<& $ „9 \A<; !i& ™ $     R < #     …A  229 4 7  7  40  1-2 56  

@ @  L $     & @  TJ . PLW<;  R R  ] T & ;

4 7  7 4@  \M2 D4;4   E S,K <&<; \;     \;  RH  97X! $   « !<; » P  A  ;   «< » : -2  («< »Y _ :41ah 3410a "RX) 9  ; Q  "j ! P  "@š<• ‘ ž < M= 7&  Z "R  @T    I J< » (031 : 41ab " & Q< )  A  9L $  < . R 

\   ŠLS RKA  . 9 R!  7& L $  \! B .  H 9 <W " ! ) « R  9PLW US   I  <  <     H   YT  9 B L= Q R  Yu; Š?ij.   <  T <  M= $ J< .(p2 : 41ap <  Q @  T&  ! .  L I y   •Q " X "    : $  R<  <     <'    ( 0hb :4155 "  \ ) 9 9W Yu; 'y e )  .(40h " p2 " 0h : a s " 412a " TZ Ÿ ) R %^ !  9!  I   <8<  $  MH  q=  'S =   < » .(4aa : 0 s " 41a1 41a 0 "$< ! H R I  T    « [ < » M   L8 H "R ! Z  wI "Y T : 

< .( ¡’ ( 3 ¡’ + : +s " () ¡ " TZ Ÿ )ƒeT 9 R!  " < ! <J f.J s <    .9 R < 9T    ou& TJ S   9LO  LT  @   . 9   < $S

 9' $ H R \   % RS<   ;   . RR! qJ ; $  K&I  S\S$ YO "@$ PLW < #e&   % < $ >P .. .R; :412a "9 R? ) « .9  I  < $ \ R&  ;& H j  . R     PLW<;  I % 97X! : =  $ R  H 9KA R  (0h4 L ™   \A $ x $  $ R  » :     BK K.&  #   $ ' < < J  ...  R; <! < A<  "<! < R[   < <   " I   <' 

:4 7  7 4@   \M2 $    @S I  R!      H 9 <&<; 'T : YH  – @  :  a$ 34 1392 #$%  &$ -  !   232

 9; Yo – @  T J k .&   . R  Me   J :; nH .RH  B8i  < $ [  # – @     .9   < RI I 9  H KA &  [ M

" ;   78  #W     ^#M -1 X& ŠiH   " 

s  RI< nT H  R s  RI  ! T    (p4 :  )   ! m $ <    J R R[;     €iJ < H #  J  O @   :4 7  7 C   \M2       $ < H   J  w  P     $ $ T P8 J  .9 R I I  R& w  <[ <   $< 9X& [ (5h :  ) 9J  @ $ R;   < 9X&   <; A   <   "L.  H   '& s    :$3 $ D4;4 .Z .,C .RJ    I $  R  <8 J dWX  I ... <  %  –< <    <    :     (451 :  )    @    78  [     '$ & .R A  @X I   9=  $  J MR   @! • ! A  ... $ ¢& n[< A $<;< @ e <J c&  H (4bb :  ) &       % –< &   R$ d! $<; d!  

<&<;        97X! J %L   R I  P8 'T  <&<; <  <;   <; @   97X! 9A<  9;  @   .RH  .9 PLW<; 'T    <   '&   ˜ #S=     J   j    97X! @ n[ H ? R! O @   z< "RH   ; n&I n $ H ` " J MI  % .R    ; .RH  T PLW    ... 

c$ "<J Y& \ < ‚o7&  "  6 N7C "d&yS fSRL= @ RJ @ $<<; " TZ Ÿ 3( .() ¡ "A I: <'& "M ' • "¡+R T .41a0"<LQ < B  : <'& "0 R T " -   GS "#FS "$< ! e 30 .412b "R< B  :<'& "#[ <; " C2   K "<' "

. 415p" <; s = :<'& s"K. sfS ƒeT ‚_ sn!Q ƒT  ƒeT _- ! ƒT "RZ o<W  s" 

: <'&" Q\ <' " e  x i'! _Uj  1j   j   -#2 " Q "  \ 30b .4155 "<! .4155 .@' :<'& "%Z • " -C D $  SZ% g2 "9  " 8. < 304 .() ¥ .  :<'& " o&; R'  T<& ". 4- # 4- C "  "9  300 .4124 "z< :<'& "M • "K   MC   &- "z' "9 R? 301 .412a "z< < :<'& " CK  4IC $ 76    " 30p    " -jC Dj $  -C D K   MC g2 " , Agah publication institute , 2006. 2-Anjavi Shirazi, Abolqasem , Qessehaye Irani ,Volume 2, Tehran, Amir Kabir publication institute , 1973 3-Behfar, Mehri, Shah Name , Volume 1, Tehran, Hirmand publication institute , 2001. 4-Biniyaz, Fathollah, Moqaddama ei Bar Dastanhaye Fantasy, Report Interview Magazine,No 16, April and May , 2005. 5-Tolkien , John Ronald Reuel, Habitat, translated by Reza Alizade,second publishes, Tehran: Rowzaneh publication institute, 2006. 6-Khajoo Kermani, Mohammad Ibn Ali , Homay and Homayoun , Correction of Kamal Eyni, Tehran, Institute of Cultural Studies , 1991. 7-Dehkhoda, Ali Akbar , Loghat Nameh ( Glossary), under the Super vision of Mohammad Moin, Tehran : Institute of Tehran University Press, 1956. 8-Sobhani, Towfiq, Tarikh Adabiyat ( Literary History ), Tehran : Payame Noor University Press , 2000. 9-Sarkarati , Bahman, Pari  Hunting sha dows ,Tehran: Qatreh Publication, 1999. 10-Sarkarati, B.,"Pari" , Research on the sidelines of Mythology, Journal of Tabriz Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Year of 63, No . 97-100, 1971. 11-Shamisa, Sirous, Farhnqe Esharate Adabiyate Farsi , Volume 1, Te hran : Ferdowsi Publication , 1975. 1392 #$%  &$ -  !   238

12-Sadiqi, Ali Asghar, Fantasy in the , Tehran : Tarfand Publication, 2006. 13-SafA, Zabihollah, Literary History of , Tehran: Ibn Sinaand Tehran University Publication, 1993. 14-Altersoosi, Abu Taher mohammad Ibn hasan, Darabnameh , third Edition, Tehran : Scientific and Cultural Publications, 1995. 15-Attar, Mohammad ibn Ibrahim , Elahinameh , Istanbul : Publication by Helmut Ritter , 1940. 16-Qadamyari Karam -Ali, Az Veys ta Zoleykha , Tehran:: Shiveh Publication, 2002. 17-Campbell , Joseph , The power of myth , Tehran : Markaz Publication, 1998. 18-Mohammadi, Mohammad Ha di, Fantasy in Children's Literature , Tehran : Publication, Martin, Gary, Glossary of literary in English  Translated by Mansoureh Shari fzadeh , Tehran : Humanities and Cultural Studies Publication, 2003. 20-Mazdapoor, Katayoon, Pari tales in Book of Thousand and One Nights , Iranian female identity in the context of pre -history and history, Shahla Lahiji - mehrangiz Kar, Tehran: Rowshangaran Publication, 1948. 21-Mirsadeqi, Meymanat, Detailed Culture literary fiction, First edition, Tehran : Mihan Publication, 1998. 22-Knight, Damon, Modern writing fiction, Translated by Mehdi Fatehi, Tehran: Cheshmeh Publication, 2007. 23-Vahed Doost, Mahvash , Institutionalizations of mythological in Shahnameh, Second Printing, Tehran: Soroush Publication, 2002. 24-Vahed Doost, M., Scientific Approaches to Mythology, Tehran : Publication, 2006. 25-Yahaqqi, Mohammad Ja'far, Culture of mythology and storied Refere nces In fiction, Institute for Cultural Studies, Tehran: Soroush Publication,1990.