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Heritage of the Romans & Nabateans in the Levant

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Heritage of the Romans & Nabateans in the Levant including Petra, with Optional Extension to Hegra in Saudi Arabia to May 11 April 22 - May 6, 2022 The Monastery at Petra Discover the fascinating Roman Heritage of the eastern Mediterranean in Jordan and Lebanon, Hegra in the Saudi Arabian desert plus the extraordinary archaeological sites of the ancient Nabatean Kingdom at Petra in Jordan See fantastic archaeological wonders of and Hegra in Saudi Arabia. the Roman Empire in the Levant and learn about the powerful tribe from the desert Baalbek in Lebanon that ran the trade in frankincense and myrrh from the mountains of Yemen to Petra and Hegra, the primary centers for trade in the region 2,000 years ago. On coastal Lebanon, see historic Byblos, which may be the oldest city in the world, whose heritage goes back to 8,800 - 7,000 BC, and the stunning Roman temple in the Bekaa Valley. Leading the expedition will be Dr. Craig Harvey, an authority on the sites and heritage of Jordan and the Nabateans. Betchart Expeditions Inc. 17050 Montebello Rd. • Cupertino, CA • 95014 (800) 252-4910 US • (408) 252-4910 Int’l email: [email protected] • www.betchartexpeditions.com The Roman Theatre, Jerash Petra Temple of Jupiter, Baalbek The Siq, Petra ITINERARY Days 1/2 - New York JFK to Istanbul and Beirut Day 3 - Beirut National Museum & Heritage Depart from New York’s JFK International airport at Today, we will explore Beirut, including a visit to the 11:20 pm for Istanbul, arriving in the afternoon on Day 2. National Museum and the museum at the American Take a connecting fl ight to Beirut. Check in at our hotel University of Beirut (AUB) with excellent collections on (5 nights). Welcome dinner. Lebanon’s cultural heritage. In downtown Beirut, we will see a reconstruction project which has unveiled LEADERSHIP ancient remains from Canaanite, Phoenician, Persian, and Roman cultures. This reveals that the city was built on Leading this expedition will be archaeologist Dr. an ancient settlement dating back 5,000 or more years. Craig Harvey who specializes in the Roman Middle In the afternoon, head to Faqra, a Roman and Byzantine East.Craig has worked extensively at Nabatean and archeological site in Kfardebian at 1,500 meters in the Roman sites in Jordan for the last 10+ years. He has a UNESCO-listed Nahr al-Kalb (Dog River) valley. special interest in the effects Day 4 - Byblos & Qadisha Valley & of Roman imperialism on the Cedars of Lebanon region, with a particular focus on construction materials Today we will head north to historic Byblos, which and techniques, which also may be the oldest continuously inhabited town in the are of special interest at Petra. world. We’ll visit the old Souks, Citadel, Church of St. John and Roman Amphitheatre. An excavation in the Craig has traveled widely 1950s discovered 5,000 year old burials in large earthen in the Middle East from jars by the church. We’ll then drive through beautiful Lebanon to Saudi Arabia, and mountain landscapes to see the gorges of the UNESCO looks forward to exploring listed Qadisha Valley. In Bcharri, we’ll visit the museum of the heritage of the Nabateans the international writer, Khalil Gibran. Rock shelters in the and Romans at these Qadisha Valley were inhabited from 3,000 BC to the Roman fascinating archaeological times. We’ll see the immense Cedars of Lebanon, which sites with group members. provided wood to build Phoenician and Egyptian ships. Wadi Rum Day 5 - Bekaa Valley & Baalbek World built by the Crusaders Heritage Site in the year 1228 AD. Today we will drive to the Bekaa Valley and see the We will then continue to Tyre, the great superb example of Roman architecture at Baalbek. Jerash The Romans arrived in Phoenicia in 64 BC. Pilgrims Phoenician city that worshipped in Baalbek in the sanctuary of Jupiter, Venus, ruled the seas and and Bacchus, which succeeded the Phoenician fertility was a major production center for purple dye. We will visit two gods. Baalbek has two of the fi nest Roman temple ruins: archaeological sites mainly from Roman times which show the the Temple of Bacchus and the Temple of Jupiter and was wealth of Tyre in the Roman period. known as Heliopolis. We’ll explore this site and Anjar, Day 7 - Beirut to Amman, Jordan another UNESCO World Heritage site. Today, we will fl y from Beirut to Amman, Jordan, and Day 6 - Sidon & Tyre will begin our exploration of the Roman sites in the city We will travel south to Sidon, stopping fi rst to visit the of Amman, including the Roman theatre, the Citadel and Temple of Eshmun, the Phoenician god of healing and Umayyad Palace. We’ll also explore the Archaeological renewal of life. We will visit the Crusader Castle of Sidon, Museum. Amman Hotel (3 nights). Day 8 - The Roman site of Jerash & Um Qais The Roman & Nabatean Heritage in the Levant Today we will investigate Jerash, Caspian one of the best preserved sites of Sea Greco-Roman architecture in the TURKEY world outside of Italy. It is known as the city of a thousand columns. We will admire its colonnaded Main Street and oval piazza. The city has CYPRUS SYRIA been inhabited since the Bronze Age. We’ll see the 2nd century Hadrian’s Mediterranean Byblos IRAN Sea Beirut Baalbek Arch, the Corinthian IRAQ columns of the Temple of LEBANON Artemis, and the huge oval I S Amman colonnade, as well as the R A archaeological museum. E L JORDAN We’ll continue north to the hilltop site of Um Qais, with Petra KUWAIT grand views of the Golan Persian Heights and Lake Tiberius Gulf (the Sea of Galilee). EGYPT Hegra Day 9 - Umm al Jimal Archaeological Al Ula SAUDI site Red ARABIA Riyadh The great Roman Sea highway, the Via Nova Traiana, was constructed Extent of the Roman Empire (Including Turkey and Egypt) in 112-114 AD and passed Extent of the Nabatean Kingdom just 6 km to the west of Umm al Jimal on its way Trade Routes Dead Sea inhabited from around 300 BC as the capital of the Nabatean Kingdom. It is reached by a narrow canyon and contains tombs and temples in the sandstone cliffs, including the famous “Treasury” with a Hellenistic-style which is probably the mausoleum of Nabatean king Aretas IV. The to Philadelphia (Amman). Umm al Jimal is situated by two Nabatean kingdom became part of the Roman Empire in dry riverbeds that still bring winter runoff to fi ll the site’s 106 ADand was renamed Arabia Petraea. Petra includes a ancient reservoirs. In the Nabatean/Early Roman Period, massive theatre cut into the hillside, surrounded on three 1st - 3rd centuries, many monumental Nabatean and Roman sides by mountain walls. Excavations have revealed a structures were built. Ruins from the 5th to 7th centuries, sizable Nabatean garden, which included a large swimming give the site its distinctive look today. pool and island pavilion. The intricate water catchment and Day 10 - Madaba - Mt. Nebo - Petra distribution system allowed Petra to prosper in its desert environment. We will head south to Petra today. We’ll start with a visit to Madaba, the city of mosaics. We’ll see the 6th century Day 12 - Petra - Beida (Little Petra) & Wadi Rum mosaic map of the Holy Land in the Greek Orthodox This morning, we will continue our exploration of Petra, Church of St. George. We’ll also explore the Madaba and also explore Beida, or Little Petra, 8 km to the north. Archaeological Park with mosaics in the Church of the Virgin Beida means white in Arabic, and the site takes it name Mary and artifacts from the Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, from the white rock in the canyon walls. Beida was the and Islamic eras. We’ll visit the monastery on Mt. Nebo, and home of the Nabateans from the 1st century for about 500 then proceed south via Wadi Al Mujib, for a breathtaking years. A dining room was discovered in one of the caves view. We’ll stop at the Shobak castle, with its diverse history with surviving interior art depicting grapes and vines in dating from the Byzantine period, then continue to Petra. great detail. We’ll proceed south to the enchanting desert Hotel (2 nights). of Wadi Rum. Enjoy the view at sunset while having a cup Day 11 - The Nabatean World Heritage Site of Petra of traditional Bedouin tea. We’ll then transfer to a Bedouin camp deep in the desert for a traditional barbecue dinner Today, we will explore Petra, the Rose Red City of and overnight. Wadi Rum the Nabateans in Jordan’s southwestern desert. It was Desert Camp. Byblos Day 13 - Wadi Rum World Heritage Site - Humayma Archaeological Site - Dead Sea This morning, we will see day break in the extraordinary beauty of the desert site of Wadi Rum. We’ll see spectacular features in the desert landscape, from natural arches to narrow gorges, and rock art including camel petroglyphs, There are also remains of an ancient Nabatean temple. The petroglyphs of men driving camels are a legacy of the ancient trade routes Petra in francincense and myrrh. We’ll stop at Humayma archaeological site where our expedition leader has done research, then continue north. Dead Sea Resort. with AAAS, Sigma Xi, & ACS AAAS, Sigma Xi, & with Days 14/15 - Amman to Home Or begin RESERVATIONS #1654 Extension to Saudi Arabia Yes! I/we want to join the Roman & Nabatean Heritage We’ll drive to Amman on Day 14, and will have free time in the Levant Expedition, April 22 - May 6, 2022, for exploration in the afternoon.
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