The Staggering State of Scottish Statesmen
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Year 5: Life in the English Civil War & the Battle of Worcester
Year 5: Life in the English Civil War & The Battle of Worcester Key vocabulary: Civil War A war between citizens of the same country. English Civil War A series of three armed conflicts and political plans Summer 1 between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists. The First English Civil War (1642-46), the Second English Civil War (1648) and the Third English Civil War (1649-51). Royalists King Charles's supporters were known as the Royalists and were nicknamed "Cavaliers" King Charles I There was a struggle between King Charles I and the Parliament of England over how England should be ruled. The King wanted to rule without Parliament telling him what to do. At first Parliament wanted to reduce the King's power, but later it decided that the country did not need a king. After Charles I’s execution in 1649, his son Charles II became King of Scotland although England was ruled by Oliver Cromwell. Parliamentarians Parliament's supporters were known as the Parliamentarians and were nicknamed "Roundheads". Oliver Cromwell English soldier and statesman, who led parliamentary forces in the English Civil Wars and was lord protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1653–58) during the republican Commonwealth. Battle of Worcester 3rd September 1651. The final battle of the English Civil War. Oliver Cromwell’s Parliamentarian New Model Army defeated King Charles II’s Royalists of whom the majority Key Skills: were Scottish. The Royalist forces took up defensive positions in and around Worcester. Order significant events on a timeline. Understand the impact of specific events on Learning Sequence: people and their lifestyles. -
The Arms of the Baronial and Police Burghs of Scotland
'^m^ ^k: UC-NRLF nil! |il!|l|ll|ll|l||il|l|l|||||i!|||!| C E 525 bm ^M^ "^ A \ THE ARMS OF THE BARONIAL AND POLICE BURGHS OF SCOTLAND Of this Volume THREE HUNDRED AND Fifteen Copies have been printed, of which One Hundred and twenty are offered for sale. THE ARMS OF THE BARONIAL AND POLICE BURGHS OF SCOTLAND BY JOHN MARQUESS OF BUTE, K.T. H. J. STEVENSON AND H. W. LONSDALE EDINBURGH WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS 1903 UNIFORM WITH THIS VOLUME. THE ARMS OF THE ROYAL AND PARLIAMENTARY BURGHS OF SCOTLAND. BY JOHN, MARQUESS OF BUTE, K.T., J. R. N. MACPHAIL, AND H. W. LONSDALE. With 131 Engravings on Wood and 11 other Illustrations. Crown 4to, 2 Guineas net. ABERCHIRDER. Argent, a cross patee gules. The burgh seal leaves no doubt of the tinctures — the field being plain, and the cross scored to indicate gules. One of the points of difference between the bearings of the Royal and Parliamentary Burghs on the one hand and those of the I Police Burghs on the other lies in the fact that the former carry castles and ships to an extent which becomes almost monotonous, while among the latter these bearings are rare. On the other hand, the Police Burghs very frequently assume a charge of which A 079 2 Aberchirder. examples, in the blazonry of the Royal and Parliamentary Burghs, are very rare : this is the cross, derived apparently from the fact that their market-crosses are the most prominent of their ancient monuments. In cases where the cross calvary does not appear, a cross of some other kind is often found, as in the present instance. -
Cromwelliana 2012
CROMWELLIANA 2012 Series III No 1 Editor: Dr Maxine Forshaw CONTENTS Editor’s Note 2 Cromwell Day 2011: Oliver Cromwell – A Scottish Perspective 3 By Dr Laura A M Stewart Farmer Oliver? The Cultivation of Cromwell’s Image During 18 the Protectorate By Dr Patrick Little Oliver Cromwell and the Underground Opposition to Bishop 32 Wren of Ely By Dr Andrew Barclay From Civilian to Soldier: Recalling Cromwell in Cambridge, 44 1642 By Dr Sue L Sadler ‘Dear Robin’: The Correspondence of Oliver Cromwell and 61 Robert Hammond By Dr Miranda Malins Mrs S C Lomas: Cromwellian Editor 79 By Dr David L Smith Cromwellian Britain XXIV : Frome, Somerset 95 By Jane A Mills Book Reviews 104 By Dr Patrick Little and Prof Ivan Roots Bibliography of Books 110 By Dr Patrick Little Bibliography of Journals 111 By Prof Peter Gaunt ISBN 0-905729-24-2 EDITOR’S NOTE 2011 was the 360th anniversary of the Battle of Worcester and was marked by Laura Stewart’s address to the Association on Cromwell Day with her paper on ‘Oliver Cromwell: a Scottish Perspective’. ‘Risen from Obscurity – Cromwell’s Early Life’ was the subject of the study day in Huntingdon in October 2011 and three papers connected with the day are included here. Reflecting this subject, the cover illustration is the picture ‘Cromwell on his Farm’ by Ford Madox Brown (1821–1893), painted in 1874, and reproduced here courtesy of National Museums Liverpool. The painting can be found in the Lady Lever Art Gallery in Port Sunlight Village, Wirral, Cheshire. In this edition of Cromwelliana, it should be noted that the bibliography of journal articles covers the period spring 2009 to spring 2012, addressing gaps in the past couple of years. -
The Inventory of Historic Battlefields – Battle of Alford Designation Record
The Inventory of Historic Battlefields – Battle of Alford The Inventory of Historic Battlefields is a list of nationally important battlefields in Scotland. A battlefield is of national importance if it makes a contribution to the understanding of the archaeology and history of the nation as a whole, or has the potential to do so, or holds a particularly significant place in the national consciousness. For a battlefield to be included in the Inventory, it must be considered to be of national importance either for its association with key historical events or figures; or for the physical remains and/or archaeological potential it contains; or for its landscape context. In addition, it must be possible to define the site on a modern map with a reasonable degree of accuracy. The aim of the Inventory is to raise awareness of the significance of these nationally important battlefield sites and to assist in their protection and management for the future. Inventory battlefields are a material consideration in the planning process. The Inventory is also a major resource for enhancing the understanding, appreciation and enjoyment of historic battlefields, for promoting education and stimulating further research, and for developing their potential as attractions for visitors. Designation Record and Summary Report Contents Name Inventory Boundary Alternative Name(s) Historical Background to the Battle Date of Battle Events and Participants Local Authority Battlefield Landscape NGR Centred Archaeological and Physical Date of Addition to Inventory Remains and Potential Date of Last Update Cultural Association Overview and Statement of Select Bibliography Significance Inventory of Historic Battlefields ALFORD Alternative Names: None 2 July 1645 Local Authority: Aberdeenshire NGR centred: NJ 567 162 Date of Addition to Inventory: 21 March 2011 Date of last update: 14 December 2012 Overview and Statement of Significance The Battle of Alford is significant as one of Montrose’s most notable victories in his campaign within Scotland on behalf of Charles I. -
Battle of Philiphaugh." Berwickshire Naturalist Club, 8, 98
Battle Name: Philiphaugh Council area: Scottish Borders Date: 13th September 1645 UKFOC number: 278 PHILIPHAUGH 1 SUMMARY 1.1 CONTEXT After the success of Kilsyth, Montrose intended to recruit his army before attempting to complete his military control in Scotland. But his Highland troops were disaffected when their plundering of Glasgow was heavily punished and within a few days many had deserted. Aboyne also left with most of the cavalry when Montrose appointed the Earl of Crawford as commander of the horse, while some 800 were sent north to protect their lands, reducing the army to little more than the 500 Irish troops and a few cavalry. Marching east through the Lowlands he was unable to raise significant numbers of new recruits. Not only was much of the area strongly Covenanter, the Highland and Irish troops may also have been unwelcome in the region because of the long trail of plundering and disorder that they had wreaked across Scotland over the preceding year, at places as far apart as Glasgow and Aberdeen. Montrose marched into the Borders to disrupt the mustering of the Covenanter levies and then, turning south from Kelso to Jedburgh and then west to Selkirk, he camped on the 12th September at Philiphaugh. However he suffered from poor intelligence from his scouts, for he was unaware that, on the 6th September, Sir David Leslie had marched north from England with a large army. On the 11th Leslie had rendezvoused with Lothian forces at Gladsmuir (west of Haddington), and then again unbeknown to Montrose, marched south, approaching Selkirk on the night of the 12th (1) (6) (2). -
The History of Scotland from the Accession of Alexander III. to The
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES THE GIFT OF MAY TREAT MORRISON IN MEMORY OF ALEXANDER F MORRISON THE A 1C MEMORIAL LIBRARY HISTORY OF THE HISTORY OF SCOTLAND, ACCESSION OF ALEXANDEB III. TO THE UNION. BY PATRICK FRASER TYTLER, ** F.RS.E. AND F.A.S. NEW EDITION. IN TEN VOLUMES. VOL. X. EDINBURGH: WILLIAM P. NIMMO. 1866. MUEKAY AND OIBB, PUINTERS. EDI.VBUKOII V.IC INDE X. ABBOT of Unreason, vi. 64 ABELARD, ii. 291 ABERBROTHOC, i. 318, 321 ; ii. 205, 207, 230 Henry, Abbot of, i. 99, Abbots of, ii. 206 Abbey of, ii. 205. See ARBROATH ABERCORN. Edward I. of England proceeds to, i. 147 Castle of, taken by James II. iv. 102, 104. Mentioned, 105 ABERCROMBY, author of the Martial Achievements, noticed, i. 125 n.; iv. 278 David, Dean of Aberdeen, iv. 264 ABERDEEN. Edward I. of England passes through, i. 105. Noticed, 174. Part of Wallace's body sent to, 186. Mentioned, 208; ii. Ill, n. iii. 148 iv. 206, 233 234, 237, 238, 248, 295, 364 ; 64, ; 159, v. vi. vii. 267 ; 9, 25, 30, 174, 219, 241 ; 175, 263, 265, 266 ; 278, viii. 339 ; 12 n.; ix. 14, 25, 26, 39, 75, 146, 152, 153, 154, 167, 233-234 iii. Bishop of, noticed, 76 ; iv. 137, 178, 206, 261, 290 ; v. 115, n. n. vi. 145, 149, 153, 155, 156, 167, 204, 205 242 ; 207 Thomas, bishop of, iv. 130 Provost of, vii. 164 n. Burgesses of, hanged by order of Wallace, i. 127 Breviary of, v. 36 n. Castle of, taken by Bruce, i. -
James Graham - Poems
Classic Poetry Series James Graham - poems - Publication Date: 2012 Publisher: Poemhunter.com - The World's Poetry Archive James Graham(25 October 1612 – 21 May 1650) James Graham inherited the earldom of Montrose from his father in 1626. He was educated at St. Andrews University where he became inspired by classical tales of military glory in writers such as Caesar, Xenophon and Lucan. In November 1629, he married Magdalene Carnegie, daughter of Lord Carnegie of Kinnaird. After the birth of his first two sons, Montrose went to France and Italy to complete his education, which included a period at the French military academy at Angers. He returned to Scotland in 1637 and became active in the revolt against the imposition of Archbishop Laud's prayer book on the Scottish Kirk. Montrose signed the National Covenant in 1638, and sat in the Glasgow Assembly, which abolished episcopacy and established presbyterian church government in Scotland. The King's representative, the Marquis of Hamilton, noted Montrose's assertiveness and enthusiasm, but regarded it as vanity. Montrose gained his first military experience leading Covenanter troops in the First Bishops' War. He drove the Royalist Marquis of Huntly out of Aberdeen in March 1639 and campaigned against Huntly's clan, the Gordons. But in June, Huntly's son, Viscount Aboyne, sailed into Aberdeen harbour in one of the King's warships and trained his guns on the town. Surrounded by hostile clansmen, Montrose withdrew to gather stronger forces. He returned three weeks later with artillery and bombarded Aberdeen from the Brig o' Dee until Aboyne and the Gordons fled the city. -
Now the War Is Over
Pollard, T. and Banks, I. (2010) Now the wars are over: The past, present and future of Scottish battlefields. International Journal of Historical Archaeology,14 (3). pp. 414-441. ISSN 1092-7697. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/45069/ Deposited on: 17 November 2010 Enlighten – Research publications by members of the University of Glasgow http://eprints.gla.ac.uk Now the Wars are Over: the past, present and future of Scottish battlefields Tony Pollard and Iain Banks1 Suggested running head: The past, present and future of Scottish battlefields Centre for Battlefield Archaeology University of Glasgow The Gregory Building Lilybank Gardens Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0)141 330 5541 Fax: +44 (0)141 330 3863 Email: [email protected] 1 Centre for Battlefield Archaeology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland 1 Abstract Battlefield archaeology has provided a new way of appreciating historic battlefields. This paper provides a summary of the long history of warfare and conflict in Scotland which has given rise to a large number of battlefield sites. Recent moves to highlight the archaeological importance of these sites, in the form of Historic Scotland’s Battlefields Inventory are discussed, along with some of the problems associated with the preservation and management of these important cultural sites. 2 Keywords Battlefields; Conflict Archaeology; Management 3 Introduction Battlefield archaeology is a relatively recent development within the field of historical archaeology, which, in the UK at least, has itself not long been established within the archaeological mainstream. Within the present context it is noteworthy that Scotland has played an important role in this process, with the first international conference devoted to battlefield archaeology taking place at the University of Glasgow in 2000 (Freeman and Pollard, 2001). -
The Silver Bough a Four Volume Study of the National and Local Festivals of Scotland
THE SILVER BOUGH A FOUR VOLUME STUDY OF THE NATIONAL AND LOCAL FESTIVALS OF SCOTLAND F. MARIAN McNEILL VOLUME FOUR THE LOCAL FESTIVALS OF SCOTLAND Contents Publisher’s Note Foreword Introduction 1: Festivals of Spring 2. Festivals of Summer and Autumn 3. Festivals of Winter 4. Highland Gatherings 5. Some lapsed festivals Acknowledgements Notes Illustrations PUBLISHER’S NOTE THE AUTHOR F. Marian McNeill was born in 1885 at Holm in Orkney where her father was the minister of the Free Presbyterian Kirk and it was this early life on the islands which would shape her life-long passion for Scottish culture and history. She moved from Orkney so that her secondary education could be continued in Glasgow and then Paris and the Rhineland. She travelled extensively as a young woman, visiting Greece, Palestine and Egypt and then living and working in London as part of the suffragette movement. Her first book Iona: A History of the Island was published in 1920 following her visit to the island. Her only novel, The Road Home, was published in 1932 and was loosely based on her years in Glasgow and London. The Scottish traditions which Marian had been brought up on shaped two of her books, The Scots Kitchen (published in 1929) and The Scots Cellar (1956), which both celebrated old recipes and customs and provide a social history of northern domestic life. Marian MacNeill was most proud, however, of this, her four-volume work, The Silver Bough (1957–1968), a study of Scottish folklore and folk belief as well as seasonal and local festivals. -
Johnston of Warriston
F a m o u s Sc o t s S e r i e s Th e following Volum es are now ready M S ARLYLE H ECT O R . M C HERSO . T HO A C . By C A P N LL N R M Y O L H T SM E T O . A A A SA . By IP AN A N H U GH MI R E T H LE SK . LLE . By W. K I A H K ! T LOR INN Es. JO N NO . By A . AY R ERT U RNS G BR EL SET OUN. OB B . By A I L D O H GE E. T H E BA L A I ST S. By J N DDI RD MER N Pro fe sso H ER KLESS. RICH A CA O . By r SIR MES Y SI MPSON . EV E L T R E S M SO . JA . By B AN Y I P N M R P o fesso . G R E BLA I KIE. T HOMAS CH AL E S. By r r W A D N MES S ELL . E T H LE SK. JA BO W . By W K I A I M L E OL H T SME T O . T OB AS S O L T T . By IP AN A N U G . T O MON D . FLET CHER O F SA LT O N . By . W . R U P Sir GEOR E DO L S. T HE BLACKWOOD G O . By G UG A RM M LEOD OH ELL OO . -
The Scottish Wars of Independence
The Scottish Wars of Independence 1 Course Outline In this unit you will learn about… The Death of King Alexander III The Succession Crisis King Edward’s Invasion of Scotland William Wallace and Scottish Resistance Robert the Bruce The Battle of Bannockburn 2 King Alexander III In this section, you will learn… Who King Alexander III was and why he was a strong King. How King Alexander III died. Why his death caused a huge problem in Scotland. Who was given the throne after Alexander III How King Edward I of England took control of Scot- land. 3 King Alexander III Learning intentions : • To understand who King Alexander III was and why he was thought to be a good king. • To describe the death of King Alexander III. The ‘Golden Age’ of Scotland 1266-1281 Alexander III ruled Scotland from the age of 8. He was crowned in 1249 and he had a successful reign as King. Scotland had trouble with Viking invaders from Norway raid- ing the coast, stealing and killing Scottish people. In 1266, Alexander III signed a peace treaty (an agreement) with the Vikings to stop them from invading Scotland’s coasts. This created peace and security for the people living there. They were now safe and secure. Alexander was also known for dealing fairly with his subjects. Scotland was a ’feudal society’. This meant that the King owned all of the land. However, he divided up care of the land among his barons (or nobles). They rented this land to people to live on and were essentially in charge of certain areas. -
The Inventory of Historic Battlefields – Battle of Dunbar II Designation
The Inventory of Historic Battlefields – Battle of Dunbar II The Inventory of Historic Battlefields is a list of nationally important battlefields in Scotland. A battlefield is of national importance if it makes a contribution to the understanding of the archaeology and history of the nation as a whole, or has the potential to do so, or holds a particularly significant place in the national consciousness. For a battlefield to be included in the Inventory, it must be considered to be of national importance either for its association with key historical events or figures; or for the physical remains and/or archaeological potential it contains; or for its landscape context. In addition, it must be possible to define the site on a modern map with a reasonable degree of accuracy. The aim of the Inventory is to raise awareness of the significance of these nationally important battlefield sites and to assist in their protection and management for the future. Inventory battlefields are a material consideration in the planning process. The Inventory is also a major resource for enhancing the understanding, appreciation and enjoyment of historic battlefields, for promoting education and stimulating further research, and for developing their potential as attractions for visitors. Designation Record Contents Name Date of Addition to Inventory Alternative Name(s) Date of Last Update Date of Battle Overview and Statement of Local Authority Significance NGR Centred Inventory Boundary Inventory of Historic Battlefields DUNBAR II Alternative Names: None 3 September 1650 Local Authority: East Lothian NGR centred: NT 690 767 Date of Addition to Inventory: 21 March 2011 Date of last update: 14 December 2012 Overview and Statement of Significance The battle of Dunbar is significant as the most influential battle fought in Scotland during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.