Columbia Records C Series, 1908-1923
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COLUMBIA RECORDS C SERIES, 1908-1923 A draft numerical list, including all known releases by Dick Spottswood As soon as phonographs and records became widely available in the 1890s, manufacturers sought to expand their markets around the globe. Recording teams and agents traveled across the Euro-Asian continents to create wholesale and retail outlets for their products, and to capture local and regional music that attracted customers. American companies were slower to expand, since English-language records produced in New York could be sold across the continent. Even so, demand for foreign language records existed from the beginning, starting with immigrant audiences around the city itself and extending to areas throughout the nation where other tongues were spoken. Columbia Records’ E Series included European and Near Eastern languages. A parallel C Series served the Spanish-language market from the southwestern U.S. to the rest of the western hemisphere. It lasted from 1908 to 1923, and was replaced by a 2000-X series that ended with 6705-X in 1951. Zonophone engineers from England were in Buenos Aires in 1902, producing records locally sold on a Royal label that were likely the earliest (at least in disc form) produced on the continent. By American Zonophone, owned by Victor, was first to record in Havana, producing over eighty titles by Pablo Valenzuela’s popular danzón orchestra in 1905. Edison and Columbia came to Havana in 1906, and Victor followed in 1907. Columbia and Victor returned in 1909 and from time to time during the decades that followed. Some popular artists sailed to New York for additional sessions when demand for their records increased. Columbia reportedly visited Mexico City in 1903, followed by Edison (1904) and Victor (1905). Edison returned annually from 1907-09. Victor came in July 1905, July 1907 and November-December 1910. Afterwards, Mexico’s revolution curtailed recording there for more than a decade. Victor returned in November 1926 and came periodically thereafter. Columbia revisited Mexico City in 1905, 1907 and 1910. Later dates haven’t survived, so when (and even if) Columbia recorded again in Mexico before 1947 (when Discos Columbia de México was launched) isn’t clear. B and BO series were created for Brazil and there was an Argentine T series, but information on their contents is hard to come by. An L series was created exclusively for records by Lovey’s Band of Trinidad, whose approximately 57 releases were recorded in New York in 1912 and Port-of-Spain in 1914. A P1 – P91 series was created solely for Peruvian discs by the vocal duet Montes y Manrique in 1911. Columbia’s C Series for the broader Spanish market began in the fall of 1908 when the company issued its first discos dobles, two-sided pressings that replaced single-siders that had been the industry norm until then. New ten-inch discs were numbered from C1 – C999 and C2000 - C4238. Twelve-inch discs were numbered from C1000 to C1310. This list is an attem pt to docum ent each published record, with inf orm ation deriv ed f rom m y Ethnic Music on Records (Univ ersity of Illinois, 1990), Tim Brooks’ and Brian Rust’s Colum bia Master Book Discography (Greenwood Press, 1999), Cristóbal Díaz Ayala’s Cuba canta y baila: Discografi´a de la mu´sica cubana, volume 1: 1898-1925 (Fundación Musicalia, 1994), the Arhoolie Foundation’s Strachwitz Frontera Collection website, and numerous 1910s Columbia catalogs generously loaned by Steve Smolian of Backnumber Records. Special thanks to Andy Moyer for a detailed account of the Rigoletto sequence (C1288 –C1304), an early attempt at putting a complete opera on records. Jim Cartwright (of Immortal Performances Inc. in Austin, Texas) supplied more data from ten-inch operatics, and corrected information already here. Sketchy evidence suggests a tentative sequence of numbers assigned to Spanish-language matrix groups. Columbia created a number of them, and the logic of their assignment isn’t always obvious. 5350-5450 Mexico City, 1904-5 5451-5650 Mexico City, 1905-6 5651-5726 New York City, 1906-7 5771-5999 Mexico City, 1908 13500-13833 Mexico City, 1908-10 13850-14051 Mexico-oriented material, mid-1910s, location(s) uncertain 21351-21550 Montes y Manrique (Peru), in New York, October 1911 (other artists in this block are untraced) 21551-21899 Spanish language, New York City, November 1911 - ca. August 1915 37500-37899 Havana, 1906-10 37900-37999 Havana, ca. 1913 38000-38099 Havana, 1900s-1910s (12-inch) 48000-48399 Havana, 1913-6 48400-48499 Havana, 1916-December 1917 55000-55999 Buenos Aires and/or New York City, 1905-1911 82000-82399 Havana and NYC, December 1917-1918 83000-83080 Havana (and New York?), 1910s-1928 (12-inch) 82400-82799 New York City (etc.?), 1919 82800-93184 New York City (etc.?), 1920 93185-93380 New York City (etc.?), 1921-2 93381-93500 New York City (etc.?), 1923 Actual recording dates are few and far between, and the rest are speculative in varying degrees, so please don’t cite my guesses as fact. You’ll also notice that I’ve listed them in an inconsistent fashion. Entering dates on spread sheets unavoidably triggers the software’s calculator function that I’ve had to work around in various ways. Fortunately, online publication makes updates easy. So, if the problem’s solvable and if you spot text errors and/or omissions, let me know and I’ll be pleased to fix them. Other feedback is welcome too. Dick Spottswood January 2017 Columbia Records C Series, 1908–1923 Compilation © 2017 by Richard K. Spottswood. Free download provided by Mainspring Press (www.mainspringpress.com). This material may be distributed free of charge, for personal use only, provided that the above sources are cited. Sale or other commercial use is prohibited. Please submit questions, additions, or revisions to: [email protected] # Matrix Title Alt. Title Author Performer Accomp. Origin Title Rec. Date Rec. Reissue of Translation Location C 1 C 1 C 2 C 2 C 3 5467- Zacatecas-Marcha Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 3 5641- No llores-Danza Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 4 Porfirio Díaz-Marcha Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 4 Saltimbanquis-Vals Banda Espan̈ ola C 5 C 5 C 6 La dolores: Jota (zarzuela) Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 6 En el baile-Mazurka Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 7 5453-2 La madre del Cordero: Jota J. Jiménez Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 7 El choclo-Tango Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 8 Si te pierdes…chiflame-Tango Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 8 Viento en popa Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 9 Te pasaste-Tango Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 9 Lejos del bien amado-Vals Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 10 C 10 C 11 Pronto regreso-Tango Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 11 Comprometidos-Polka Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 12 Incantatrice-Mazurka Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 12 Ojos negros-Polka Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 13 Sangre mexicana-Polka Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 13 Sevilla-Vals Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 14 A la fiesta-Vals Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 14 Marcha Zaragoza-Marcha Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 15 Amor mexicano Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 15 Baile de sorpresa-Schottisch Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 16 C 16 C 17 C 17 C 18 C 18 C 19 El gondolero-Vals Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 19 El año pasado por agua: Mazurka Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? de los paraguas C 20 C 20 C 21 C 21 C 22 No hay de qué-Vals Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 22 Oh! Ilusión mía-Schottisch Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 23 Onda cristalina-Vals Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 23 El camambú-Matchiche Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 24 C 24 C 25 C 25 C 26 5412-2,3 1 Diciembre, 1904-Marcha Velino M. Preza Banda Espan̈ ola (Orquesta 1905-07 NYC? A71 Mexicana de Curti) C 26 5452- Los paranderos-Polka E. Navarro Banda Espan̈ ola (Orquesta 1905-07 NYC? A71 Mexicana de Curti) C 26 Tarde otoñal-Vals (replaces 5412 Banda Espan̈ ola on later issues) C 27 C 27 C 28 Cascada de perlas-Schottisch Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 28 Stabat Mater: Inflamatus Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 29 5451- Los cocineros-Jota J. Richards Banda Espan̈ ola (Orquesta 1905-07 NYC? Mexicana de Curti) C 29 5679- La matchicha (a la francesa) Banda Espan̈ ola (Orquesta 1905-07 NYC? Mexicana de Curti) C 30 De flor en flor-Schottisch Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 30 El vendedor de pájaros: Canción Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? del ruiseñor C 31 Merci-Schottisch Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 31 El vals de Venus-Vals Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 32 Salud y pesetas-Schottisch Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 32 Torero-Vals español Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 33 Berta-Paso doble Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 33 La africana: El dúo (Jota) Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 34 "Base ball"-Paso doble Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 34 Carmela-Polka Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 35 5575- Gigantes y cabezudos: Jota Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 35 5681- Hidalguense-Paso doble Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 36 C 36 C 37 C 37 C 38 5657- Minuto-Paso doble Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 38 5690- Ana María-Petit vals Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 39 C 39 C 40 5639- La giralda-Marcha Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 40 5658- Sangre espan̈ ola-Paso doble Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 41 Chin-chun-chan: Cake walk Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 41 Frou-frou-Vals Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 42 Colegio militar-Marcha Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 42 Gloorias nacionales-Paso doble Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 43 La canastille de boda-Mazurka Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 43 Quo vadis?-Vals Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 44 Dulce recuerdo-Schottisch Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 44 Emblema de paz-Marcha Banda Espan̈ ola 1905-07 NYC? C 45 C 45 C 46 C 46 C 47 5421-1 El diablito: La flor de México-Polka Carlos Curti Banda de Curti 1905-07 NYC? C 47 5417-1 La típica-Polka Carlos Curti Banda de Curti 1905-07 NYC? A54 C 48 C 48 C 49 El matador-Two Step Orquesta Mexicana de Curti 1905-07 NYC? C 49 Horas de melancolía-Danza Orquesta Mexicana de Curti 1905-07 NYC? C 50 1905-07 NYC? C 50 1905-07 NYC? C 51 La gran vía: Tango de la Denegilda Chueca y Valverde Orquesta Mexicana de Curti 1905-07 NYC? C 51 5441- Te amo-Danza F.J.