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INTRODUCTION the BMW Group Is a Manufacturer of Luxury Automobiles and Motorcycles
Marketing Activities Of BMW INTRODUCTION The BMW Group is a manufacturer of luxury automobiles and motorcycles. It has 24 production facilities spread over thirteen countries and the company‟s products are sold in more than 140 countries. BMW Group owns three brands namely BMW, MINI and Rolls- Royce. This project contains detailed information about the marketing and promotional activities of BMW. It contains the history of BMW, its evolution after the world war and its growth as one of the leading automobile brands. This project also contains the information about the growth of BMW as a brand in India and its awards and recognitions that it received in India and how it became the market leader. This project also contains the launch of the mini cooper showroom in India and also the information about the establishment of the first Aston martin showroom in India, both owned by infinity cars. It contains information about infinity cars as a BMW dealership and the success stories of the owners. Apart from this, information about the major events and activities are also mentioned in the project, the 3 series launch which was a major event has also been covered in the project. The two project reports that I had prepared for the company are also a part of this project, The referral program project which is an innovative marketing technique to get more customers is a part of this project and the other project report is about the competitor analysis which contains the marketing and promotional activities of the competitors of BMW like Audi, Mercedes and JLR About BMW BMW (Bavarian Motor Works) is a German automobile, motorcycle and engine manufacturing company founded in 1917. -
Based on Bicycle Dynamic Energy
© 2021 JETIR July 2021, Volume 8, Issue 7 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) Developing A Vehicle - Based On Bicycle Dynamic Energy 1V Dhanush Kumar, 1Pavan Yadhav, 1Naveen Reddy A, 1P M Nitesh Kumar, 2Anand Babu K 1U G Scholar, 2Assistant Professor 1,2School of Mechanical Engineering, REVA University, Bengaluru-560064, Karnataka, India. Abstract:- There are so many vehicles that came to influence in the existing world. Their operating systems are based on usual fossil fuels system. At the present sense the fossil fuel can exceed only for a certain period after that we have to go for a change to other methods. Thus we have made an attempt to design and fabricate an ultimate system (solar cycle) which would produce cheaper and effective result than the existing system. This will be very useful needs of the world. An attempt is made in the fabrication of solar powered system for a two-wheeler. The drive system of the normal cycle is not altered. This system is two in one system. The cycle is operated either by pedaling manually battery and motor driving mechanism. Index Term: Dynamo, Throttle, Pedaling, Battery, Sprocket I. Introduction:- All vehicles that are in the market cause pollution and the fuel cost is also increasing day by day. In order to compensate the fluctuating fuel cost and reducing the pollution a good remedy is needed i.e. our transporting system. Due to ignition of hydrocarbon fuels, in the vehicle, sometime difficulties such as wear and tear may be high and more attention is needed for proper maintenance. -
July 5, 1938. A. CALLSEN 2,123,133 APPARATUS for SWITCHING on the STARTER of an INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan
July 5, 1938. A. CALLSEN 2,123,133 APPARATUS FOR SWITCHING ON THE STARTER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 25, 1937 2. Sheets-Sheet l July 5, 1938. A. CALS EN 2,123,133 APPARATUS FOR SWITCHING ON THE STARTER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 25, 1937 2. Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 5, 1938 2,123,133 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,123,133 APPARATUS FOR SWITCHING ON THE STARTER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Albert Casen, stuttgart-Botnang, Germany, as signor to Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit be schrankter Haftung, a corporation of Ger many Application January 25, 1937, Serial No. 122,261 In Germany February 1, 1936 15 Claims. (Ch. 290-36) The invention relates to an apparatus for ing the starting exactly as When accelerating. switching on the starter of an internal combus The foot can thus be moved back even into its tion engine for use on vehicles, in which other initial position, and if desired, removed wholly elements of the vehicle control besides the starter from the pedal. 5 are operated by a common operating member. The invention is more particularly described In known apparatus of this kind, the clutch With reference to the accompanying drawings, in pedal or accelerator pedal is connected with the Which:- SWitch of the starter by a clutch which is engaged Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of One arrange when the engine is stopped, while it is released ment of switch control apparatus. 0 by the vacuum of the engine induction pipe or Figures 2, 3, and 4 are similar views of alter 10 by a relay fed from the lighting dynamo when native constructions. -
Shelby Prototype Sunbeam Tiger
Shelby Prototype Sunbeam Tiger Shelby Prototype Sunbeam Tiger, at the National Auto Museum, 2012. This document is to provide an overview of the Shelby American built, “Prototype” Sunbeam Tiger. Within the document, for clarity and accuracy, this car may be simply referred to as the “Shelby Prototype Tiger.” Though there is a good amount of detail within this piece, it is only a brief synopsis of what has been collected by the past owners of this vehicle. Past owners, period and marque experts have assisted in an effort to provide the most accurate informational document. There is additional documentation and memorabilia that goes with this vehicle, but not all of it will fit into a single, somewhat concise document. Original Idea and Construction at Shelby American The early 1960s had shown that the Sunbeam Alpines had been enjoying reasonable success in the US, both as a competent production sports car, but also in competition against various other small bore adversaries in SCCA road racing. Rootes Group (Sunbeam’s parent company) West Coast Sales Manager received a bit of feedback from Jack Brabham, after a race and win in a Sunbeam Alpine, to suggest a more powerful engine in the Alpine chassis. Garrad garnered sufficient interest from a few executives at Rootes Group (though not Lord Rootes himself), and approached Shelby about building a prototype. Originally constructed in the Shelby American shop on Princeton Drive in Venice, in early 1963, this car became the model example that more than 7,000 production Sunbeam Tigers followed. The Princeton Drive location is where the Shelby Cobras, the Shelby Racing Cobras and first 20-odd GT350’s were built, before Shelby moved to the larger warehouse at Los Angeles Intl. -
British Car Dealerships in Victoria
British Car Dealerships In Victoria – ‘40’s, 50’s, 60’s, 70’s Victoria native Wayne Watkins presents an overview of who sold which English cars in Victoria during the period from the end of World War 2 until the late 1970s. MG Horwood Bros. took over Triumph and Standard In the late 1940’s, Victoria Super Service, at Vanguard from Louis Nelson in 1958 and then later Johnson and Blanshard, was just one dealership MG. My own ‘69 MGB was sold from Horwood Bros. in where a new MG could be bought. The garage 1969. They also sold Wolseley, Riley, Morris as well. backed out on to Pandora and was a past home of Bob Rebitt was the sales manager and he had a few DePape Motors. It is now the WIN store. The main tales to tell when I spoke to him recently. The cars front garage area was the past home of Romeo’s Pizza were shipped from England and eventually made on Johnson & Blanshard, but is now the Juliet their way to Ogden Point where they were dropped condominiums. I owned a ‘49 MG Y-Tourer that was off ‘dry’. That means no fluids. They were all towed to first bought by one of the young salesmen – they Horwood Bros. and topped up with oil and gasoline didn’t have demos in those days. That salesman was and electrolyte added to the Robin Yellowlees, who now batteries. As well as Rover, lives in Kelowna. That Morris was one of the Y-Tourer is now under marques sold by Horwood restoration by Ken Finnigan Bros. -
Operator's Manual
OPERATOR'S MANUAL MODELS GR2020G GR2120 GR2120AU G R 2 0 2 0 G · G R 2 1 2 0 · G R 2 1 2 0 1BDAHAOAP0580 A AS . D . 1 - 1 . - . AK Code No. K1270-7122-1 U READ AND SAVE THIS MANUAL PRINTED IN U.S.A. © KUBOTA Corporation 2014 ABBREVIATION LIST Abbreviations Definitions API American Petroleum Institute PTO Power Take Off PT Permanent Type (=Ethylene glycol anti-freeze) rpm Revolutions Per Minute SAE Society of Automotive Engineers KRA Kubota Reverse Awareness System KUBOTA Corporation is ··· Since its inception in 1890, KUBOTA Corporation has grown to rank as one of the major firms in Japan. UNIVERSAL SYMBOLS To achieve this status, the company has through the years diversified the range of its products and services to a remarkable As a guide to the operation of your tractor, various universal symbols have been utilized on the instruments and extent. Nineteen plants and 16,000 employees produce over 1,000 controls. The symbols are shown below with an indication of their meaning. different items, large and small. All these products and all the services which accompany them, Safety Alert Symbol Coolant Temperature however, are unified by one central commitment. KUBOTA makes products which, taken on a national scale, are basic necessities. Gasoline Fuel Mower-Lowered position Products which are indispensable. Products which are intended to help individuals and nations fulfill the potential inherent in their Diesel Fuel Mower-Raised position environment. KUBOTA is the Basic Necessities Giant. Brake Headlight This potential includes water supply, food from the soil and from the sea, industrial development, architecture and construction, Parking Brake Headlight-ON transportation. -
History of Electric Light
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 76. NUMBER 2 HISTORY OF ELECTRIC LIGHT BY HENRY SGHROEDER Harrison, New Jersey PER\ ^"^^3^ /ORB (Publication 2717) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION AUGUST 15, 1923 Zrtie Boxb QSaftitnore (prcee BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A. CONTENTS PAGE List of Illustrations v Foreword ix Chronology of Electric Light xi Early Records of Electricity and Magnetism i Machines Generating Electricity by Friction 2 The Leyden Jar 3 Electricity Generated by Chemical Means 3 Improvement of Volta's Battery 5 Davy's Discoveries 5 Researches of Oersted, Ampere, Schweigger and Sturgeon 6 Ohm's Law 7 Invention of the Dynamo 7 Daniell's Battery 10 Grove's Battery 11 Grove's Demonstration of Incandescent Lighting 12 Grenet Battery 13 De Moleyns' Incandescent Lamp 13 Early Developments of the Arc Lamp 14 Joule's Law 16 Starr's Incandescent Lamp 17 Other Early Incandescent Lamps 19 Further Arc Lamp Developments 20 Development of the Dynamo, 1840-1860 24 The First Commercial Installation of an Electric Light 25 Further Dynamo Developments 27 Russian Incandescent Lamp Inventors 30 The Jablochkofif " Candle " 31 Commercial Introduction of the Differentially Controlled Arc Lamp ^3 Arc Lighting in the United States 3;^ Other American Arc Light Systems 40 " Sub-Dividing the Electric Light " 42 Edison's Invention of a Practical Incandescent Lamp 43 Edison's Three-Wire System 53 Development of the Alternating Current Constant Potential System 54 Incandescent Lamp Developments, 1884-1894 56 The Edison " Municipal -
Impost Making the Imp H.J
impost Making the Imp H.J. Cyril Weighell, O.B.E., Wh.Sch., C.Eng., M.I.Mech.E., M.I.E.T. The following article on the Imp’s early production planning is by ‘Old Rooter’ Cyril Weighell. Now aged 93, Cyril has lost his eyesight and is recovering from a major operation, though is still pin-sharp in mind as is evident from the quality of this article which was dictated and sent in by Imp Club member and ‘Old Rooter’ Mike Andrews to whom I am most grateful. GP Preamble The Second World War had just begun and on 1st January 1940 I commenced a five-year student apprenticeship with Vauxhall Motors. This was duly completed and several years of experience in production engineering research followed before I was assigned to Vauxhall’s expanded Production Engineering Department for Vauxhall’s new vehicle ranges. Subsequent promotion to Senior Production Engineer put me in charge of planning production of the new engine and transmission ranges for new car and truck models. This included responsibility for jig and tool specification and design as well as specifying and negotiating the purchase and proving of all the machine tools and equipment required. Car and truck vehicle assembly operations were an interesting and demanding added assignment. In 1954 this provided an opportunity to visit General Motors factories in the USA to study manufacturing techniques and, particularly, their developments in the fields of CAD and automation. The wide experience gained in this time proved to be extremely valuable in the years that followed. The Beginning In 1959 an advertisement for a Group Planning Engineer for the Rootes Group led me to Devonshire House where Geoffrey Rootes and Group Production Director, George Shrigley, made me an offer I could not refuse. -
Powering the Electric Vehicle with a Dynamo Using Wind Energy
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 19, 2020 POWERING THE ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH A DYNAMO USING WIND ENERGY Mr. Kamalpreet Singh1, Dr. Harbinder Singh2, Dr. Harpal Singh3, Dr. Mohit Srivastava4 1Computer Science Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College, Landran, Mohali, India. 2,3,4Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Chandigarh Engineering College, Landran, Mohali, India. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Received: 14 March 2020 Revised and Accepted: 8 July 2020 ABSTRACT: The main objective of this paper is to represent a method for powering the electric car with a dynamo using wind energy. We want to solve the major disadvantage faced by an electric vehicle that is the discharge of the battery in case there is no power source. In case there is no power station nearby then electric vehicle can’t reach its desired destination. To solve this problem dynamo can be used. Dynamo is a device that converts mechanical energy into electric energy. Hence by using this property of a dynamo, this problem can be solved. The description of this technique is placing a dynamo behind the radiator and fan in front of the radiator. A hole is created at the centre of the radiator to connect the dynamo with the fan using a shaft. Due to locomotion of a car fan will rotate and current will be produced with the help of a dynamo. This technique has one more benefit that is efficiency of heat dissipation from the radiator will increase with the help of a fan. -
The Oily Rag the Newsletter of the Vintage Sports Car Club of Calgary
Fall 2020 the Oily Rag The Newsletter of the Vintage Sports Car Club of Calgary 1 Editor’s Comments I must apologize for the lateness of this issue. As I have mentioned in the last issue, my Jaguar has been out of service as it receives repairs and the replacement of the entire exhaust system due to the damage caused when I ran over a starter or al- ternator that had fallen off the truck ahead of me. I therefore I haven't been able to participate in the club drives which have taken place over the summer. As the Oily Rag is the club’s newsletter, I have put off issuing this issue as I have not received any re- ports as to how these events have transpired and therefore one of the main rea- sons of the newsletter existence was missing. I must admit to calling for more participation should have occurred several weeks ago and I was remiss in do- ing so. Recently I put out a plea to the Club’s Executive to please submit some photos and possibly a short article to describe the latest Club outing which was a re- peat of our annual Fall’s Colour tour. I was very pleased to receive several photos from Keith Wilford, Sterling Rempel and Chris Gorrie who not only sent in several photos but also authored an article that is enclosed in this issue! Hopefully the wonderful fall weather that has been the norm in September will continue through October which will allow me to reclaim my Jaguar and enjoy driving this amazing car until at least Halloween! It is my fervent wish that you and your family and co-workers are all doing well. -
Rootes Group 1958
ROOTES GROUP Arrangements 1958 INTERNATIONAL MOTOR EXHIBITION EARLS COURT OCT. 22ND - NOV IST 1958 HUMBER HILLMAN • SUNBEAM - THRUPP S MABFRLY • ROOTES ACCEPTANCES BRITISH LIGHT STEEL PRESSINGS INDEX STAND NUMBERS 2 ROOTES GROUP OFFICES 3 ROOTES GROUP SALES PERSONNEL ... 4 DEALERS' ROOM & CLOAKROOM 3 & 5 EXPORT ARRANGEMENTS 6 GROUP FLEET SALES ORGANIZATION 7 PERSONNEL IN ATTENDANCE 8-15 Humber 8 Hillman ... 9 Sunbeam ... 10 Service Division ... 11 Parts Division 12 Thrupp & Maberly 13 British Light Steel Pressings 14 Rootes Acceptances ... 15 EXHIBITS 16-23 Humber 16 Hillman 17-18 Sunbeam ... ... ... 19 Thrupp & Maberly 20 B.L.S.P. Ltd 21 Marine Section 22 Garage Equipment 22 Pressed Steel Co. Ltd. 23 Harold Radford 23 ROOTES LIMITED ARRANGEMENTS 24-25 Devonshire House 24 Ladbroke Hall & Halkin House 25 DEMONSTRATION RUNS & TRANSPORT ARRANGEMENTS 26 SALES PROMOTION AND ADVERTISING 27 PRESS AND PUBLIC RELATIONS 28 MODELS AND PRICES 29 SPECIAL ACCESSORIES AND PRICES ... 30-36 For location of Stands, see Map of Earls Court on inside back cover STAND NUMBERS HUMBER Stand No. 146 Telephone - - - FULham 8582/7 HILLMAN Stand No. 162 Telephone (Home & Export) FULham 8582/7 SUNBEAM Stand No. 159 Telephone - - - FULham 8582/7 THRUPP & MABERLY Stand No. 101 Telephone - - - FULham 4291 BRITISH LIGHT STEEL PRESSINGS Stand No. 98 Telephone . - - - FULham 7182 ROOTES ACCEPTANCES LTD. Stand No. 9 Telephone - - - FULham 8984 HAROLD RADFORD Stand No. 107 Telephone - - - FULham 6806 For Special Display at Devonshire House, Ladbroke Hall and Halkin House (see pages 24 and 25) 2 ROOTES GROUP OFFICES The following are all located on the first floor, immediately over Warwick Road entrance : Sales General Office : Room No. -
Monitoring Internal Combustion Engines by Neural Network Based Virtual Sensing
Monitoring Internal Combustion Engines by Neural Network Based Virtual Sensing R.J.Howlett, M.M.de Zoysa, S.D.Walters Transfrontier Centre for Automotive Research (TCAR), Engineering Research Centre, University of Brighton, Brighton, U.K. Email [email protected] Abstract Over the past two decades the manufacturers of internal-combustion engines that are used in motor vehicles have been very successful in reducing the harmful side-effects of their products on the environment. However, they are under ever-increasing pressure to achieve further reductions in the quantities of polluting gases emitted by the engine, and a decrease in the amount of fuel consumed per kilometre. At the same time, vehicle characteristics that are desirable to the driver must not be compromised. Satisfying these diverse requirements requires precise engine control and comprehensive monitoring of the operational parameters of the power unit. Engines are highly price- sensitive, and it is desirable to achieve the increased level of measurement that is required for enhanced control without additional sensory devices. Thus, the indirect estimation of quantities of interest using virtual-sensor techniques, without direct measurement using dedicated sensors, is a research area with considerable potential. Intelligent-systems techniques, such as neural-networks, are attractive for application in this area because of their capabilities in pattern- recognition, signal analysis and interpretation. For this reason, the use of neural-networks in the monitoring and control of motor-vehicle engines is an area of research which is receiving increasing attention from both the academic and commercial research communities. A virtual-sensor technique, the Virtual Lambda Sensor, is described here which uses a neural-network for the estimation of air-fuel ratio in the engine.