Munich: Future Perspective Strategies, Guidelines, Projects Munich: Future Perspective Strategies, Guidelines, Projects

Perspective Munich l Concept

Magazine updating the Perspective Munich report City Council resolution of 5 June 2013

2 3 Preface

Dear citizens of Munich,

Our city is booming. In 15 years' What has already become clear is Munich is known for being a toler- Dieter Reiter time, about half a million more that city development sometimes ant and convivial city. This sense of Mayor of the Bavarian State Capital of Munich people will live in Munich than in involves a bit of tinkering. At any solidarity must also be applied when 1958, when I was born. Munich has rate, it requires an equal amount it comes to city development issues. nevertheless been able to preserve of patience, skill and a steady A city that grows dynamically faces enormous its special charm, not least because hand. This is why a hand-drawn In spite of all worries about the my predecessors have acted re- city impression adorns the cover. rental price trend, increasing traffic pressure for change. Mobility, housing space, sponsibly and with foresight. A key We trust that Munich’s citizens will and climate change, we should not task of the administration is to pitch in and co-operate in forming forget that changes represent great architecture, nature, social aspects – the city retain Munich’s unique atmosphere their city. Therefore, we decided opportunities as well. Allow me to for future generations while at the to publish the Perspective Munich refer to Albert Einstein who – as administration is faced with the challenging task same time, being open to change. report as a magazine for the first you know – spent his childhood in time. On 64 pages we present the Munich’s Lindwurmstrasse: “Life is of creating conditions that allow the preservation In the course of an intensive joint great challenges of the future as like riding a bicycle. To keep your of our city’s identity. The cooperation of all city process, the city administration has compactly as possible and provide balance, you must keep on moving.” updated the existing city develop- background information and solution departments and the vigorous participation of ment concept and has adapted it to strategies. City advisors outline their Adopting this beautiful metaphor changing framework conditions. The biggest future challenges, commit- that so perfectly suits our cyclists citizens is needed to achieve the best outcome existing subject-oriented guidelines ted citizens reveal in interviews how capital, I am convinced that our joint were extended to include a guiding they will implement our theoretical pedalling will pay off and wonderful for our city and its people. This is why we have principle and four strategic guide- guidelines as real projects, and perspectives will open up for Munich lines. With the new guiding principle matching figures will demonstrate in years to come. Perspective Munich! “City in Balance” and the guidelines which elements will undergo the based thereon, we have created most severe changes. Just as in Yours reliable signposts allowing us to take our urban development planning, the right decisions. Citizen partici- topics, projects and participants are pation is an important foundation to being interconnected, bundled and create a balance of powers. A key integrated. principle of Perspective Munich is thus the ongoing dialogue with our citizens. The best example of that was the broadly organised participation process for updating Perspec- Dieter Reiter tive Munich in 2012. Mayor of the State Capital of Munich

4 5 Content

Content Strategy

/ 32 Integrated Strategy / 34 History / 36 Overall System – Perspective Munich / 38 Guiding Principle – City in Balance / 40 Strategic Guidelines Dialogue / 48 Overview of 16 Thematic Guidelines Supplement: Guiding Principle and Guidelines of Perspective Munich / 24 Dialogue / 26 Quality through Dialogue / 28 München Mitdenken On-site Transition

/ 50 Hot spots for Action / 54 Designing with Care / 06 City in Transition / 57 One out of Ten! / 08 Let’s get started / 14 Facts and Figures / 18 Urban Development is no Algorithm

Appendix / 66 Letter from the Head of Department of Urban Planning / 68 Imprint

6 7 City in Transition

We are the city – and we keep on growing. According to available forecasts, the number of Munich’s inhabitants will increase by about 230,000 by 2030 compare to the figures of 2013. This growth poses immense challenges and crucial questions for the city: How do we retain our quality of life? How do we respond to the lack of affordable living space? How do we solve area conflicts? How do we avoid social polarisation? At the same time, global challenges such as climate change and scarcity of resources require our attention as well.

That Munich will change its look is therefore certain. The question is, how will we succeed in meeting the needs of all social groups in these times of radical change? The urban development concept Perspective Munich contributes to expanding and utilising the management and organisation options and creates new impetus while retaining Munich’s core identity. ___

8 9 City in Transition | Let’s get started

Let’s get started

At this table in Munich’s City Hall, words are turned into With Perspective deeds. It is where members of the City Council of the Munich, we can State Capital of Munich discuss items and take decisions capitalise on a flexible orien- / 01 on a weekly basis – a good place to start the search for tation framework for future Munich’s greatest challenges. urban development and have a binding objective that many departmental plans and measures are aligned with. Professor Merk, a newspaper today In light of the pressure on growth the featured the headline “Munich is Perspective Munich report was sup- Prof. Dr (I) Elisabeth Merk, bursting at the seams.” What can the plemented by the guiding principle Department of Urban Planning and Building Regulation urban planning office do against that? “City in Balance”. Where do you see particularly high risks for the city to MERK: Growth must be managed. To lose its balance? avoid growth impairing the quality of life we need a set of strategies and a MERK: In my opinion, the mobility is- wide range of measures. At the end of sue is an important key for the further the day, all urban departments and the development of Munich. This issue entire urban society are affected. We will decide whether citizens continue must react to changed requirements to experience a high quality of life. I with regard to urban construction and would even go further and include the housing, infrastructure, the education entire greater Munich region in that. and vocational training system, health These issues can only be tackled in and care services, and social and cooperation with the surrounding area. cultural integration. Mobility is a crucial issue here. We must ensure that the people who fre- With Perspective Munich we can quent the city can do so well. I do not capitalise on a flexible orientation frame- think that the motto in the 21st centu- work for future urban development ry can be to accommodate ever more and have a binding objective that many and ever bigger cars everywhere. department plans and measures are Within the inner city areas we can pro- aligned with. These growth dynamics bably implement innovative concepts, and the closely affiliated demographic, such as electric mobility, car sharing, / 01 From left to right: social, economic or also ecological e-bikes, improved suburban transport Rosemarie Hingerl aspects permeate the urban develop- concepts. Since stagnation is neither Department of Public Construction ment concept as a central theme. politically nor socially an option, a well Prof. Dr (I) Elisabeth Merk (left) thought-through public transportation Department of Urban Planning system – also extending to the greater and Building Regulation region – must provide strategic relief / 02 Meeting room in the new City Hall that could not be implemented in the / 02 city alone.

10 11 City in Transition | Let’s get started

MARKWARDT: The strategy in Munich ecologically or demographically desira- We are integrated in the Perspective has been the same for nearly 60 ble or intelligent. Territory and space Munich committees and contributed to years – and has now been intensified are finite and the many conflicting in- updating the urban development con- Due to economic once more: We keep an affectionate terests of urban society are not helpful cept as well. We get involved when eye on our real estate capital. In other either. People who make a good living it comes to the city administration’s efficiency and prosperity, words: The normal procedure is to and have a safe job in Munich want management and to the question of acquire property once you know exact- their environment to change as little how to retain its capacity to act − also Munich is in great shape; ly what to do with it i.e. you buy today, as possible. Those who arrive in Mu- in future. In the new strategic guideli- / 01 Dr Wilfried Blume-Beyerle build tomorrow and sell the day after. nich, however, expect that housing be ne entitled “Foresight and Cooperative however, we are at risk Department of Public Security and Order Here, we acquire properties without created, and seek cultural offers and Management”, the city administration, knowing their purpose the day after. changes in the social structure. These for instance, has set the goal of esta- of suffocating from our Today we partly benefit from the fact expectations often collide. Today we blishing an intensive and transparent that we can resort to properties that already have areas in the city where dialogue with all stakeholders when it success. were acquired by the city more than the people who live there vehemently comes to urban development and de-

Dr Wilfried Blume-Beyerle 100 years ago. Whenever it is possible protest against housing densification. sign. Participation and cooperation are Department of Public Security and Order to acquire land at reasonable prices, This is a massive problem already: among our key issues. Moreover, we we take it. On the other hand, we Those people who are established in- make sure that the urban development hold on to what we already have, un- tend to retain their status quo. That is objectives defined become binding for Munich is also home to important and less it is already booked for a certain a balancing act that must be managed the city administration. very successful universities, colleges purpose. Re. barracks: After German by intelligent planning, but which can and research institutions. All this and reunification, when the federation be achieved by intelligent, powerful Are there still any areas left for innova- manner. This is why we see the edu- many other factors make Munich at- re-organised its military, we bought decisions. tive urban development? cation guideline under the aspect of tractive and lure companies as well. all the barracks we could get a hold equal opportunities, i.e. providing the Only recently, Microsoft has returned of, particularly focusing on residential Mr Kotulek, what is the role of the MERK: The former military barracks best possible offer to every child. to Munich, while Brainlab moved to construction. Mangerial Board in shaping the future? that became vacant due to the German Riem. Companies need employees Federal Armed Forces’ reform pro- In your opinion, what is the most diffi- who in turn must also be able to live When you think about Munich’s KOTULEK: The Mangerial Board is a cess, for example. Munich seized the cult challenge Munich is faced with? here. This is exactly why we have future, what is your biggest concern? cross-sectional department and as opportunities that were offered there. conflicting interests that need to be such, of course, deals with strategic We are planning for an excellent blend SCHWEPPE: We need to perform a solved: Since Munich has hardly any MARKWARDT: The most pressing con- urban development issues as well. of living and working space for people balancing act: In parallel with qualita- space left to offer, the companies cern is that we are running out of land, of different age groups as well as va- tive development, we must advance that strive to expand their business or and/or that we cannot develop proper- rious social and ethnic backgrounds. quantitative development. That means, want to start up here compete with ties in a way that would be politically, Barrack areas such as in Fürstenfeld- we must build schools and day care residential users who move to Munich. bruck or Landsberg am Lech would be centres and we must do so in dimen- We have to find solutions here. outstanding locations to effectively sions we have not applied since the recycle space and develop a high- 1960s. This can only work based on You have to attract new companies to quality living and working environment. a cooperation of departments: The Munich on the one hand, but there is a This would not only relieve pressure Department for Urban Planning must massive lack of space on the other – on the city of Munich, but also on the provide forecasts, the Department of a dilemma? entire region. That is why I advocate Public Construction has to push faster an alliance of regional housing and implementation, the Department of SCHMID: I would rather call it a cycle: urban development concepts. We can- Finance and Budget must approve fun- No business means no jobs and no not solve all these problems within ding and the Department of Communal income for the city to finance public the city alone. Services has to acquire land. There are services. No jobs also means no many stakeholders; no one can carry need for additional living space. No or Mr Schweppe, as head of the such weight on their own. very expensive housing space in turn Department of Education and Sports, stands for labour shortage. I hope the education guideline is of major Mr Schmid, as second mayor you that the change from an industrial to / 04 importance to you. What challenges have also been heading the Depart- a service society will provide some do you face? ment of Labour and Economic relief here. Significantly more people Development for the better part of a can be employed per business and/or / 02 SCHWEPPE: The education guideline year. How would you describe your office unit in the service sector than in for us is all about opportunities and experience as Munich’s “economic the space-intensive production sector. justice, about the quality of education. advisor” during that year? Nevertheless, we must be alert at the I think the demand for day schools same time. When looking at the big / 04 From left to right: leads to a new perception of schools, SCHMID: Munich and its region have picture, it is this proverbial Munich Dr Thomas Böhle to the realization that schooling been prospering economically. Think blend of producing and high-tech Department of Personel Management comprises many more things, i.e. com- about the clusters in the information companies that explains why Munich Dr Ernst Wolowicz / 02 Joachim Lorenz Department of Finance and Budget petencies that are otherwise predomi- and telecommunication or the biotech is so successful in the first place. Department of Health and Environment nantly acquired outside of school, such sector. We are currently in the process / 03 From left to right: as music, culture and sports. However, of significantly supporting the creative Mr Markwardt, the lack of space is a Brigitte Meier I do not believe that the guideline we economy as well, which is why we key issue that concerns your depart- / 03 Department of Social Affairs developed at that time already tackled have now created a competence ment in particular. How do you deal Axel Markwardt these issues in such a differentiated team that works across departments. with it as a municipal advisor? Department of Communal Services

12 13 City in Transition | Let’s get started

Mr Böhle, how can an HR advisor What challenges does the demogra- – as decided by the city council – by in the community. The decision on to do more for cyclists in general. In procedures and to tackle new projects succeed in recruiting suitable phic change entail here? 50% in 2030, compared to the values who gets to use a place could be quite Holland we can see what happens if without anticipating results. Artists personnel when living costs are of 1990. wrong and lead to disputes in the everyone rides a bike and people sud- and creatives have ideal prerequisites this high? MEIER: A key question here is how we community. This is why I consider it denly no longer know where to put it. to constructively contribute to such ensure that older people who are poor Which issues is the Health sector a preventive task to establish rules. processes. BÖHLE: The challenge lies in the tough or at the threshold of poverty can con- focusing on? Dr Küppers how is culture linked to competition for qualified employees. tinue to participate socially. Of course, The mobility issues was often identi- urban development? The Department of Arts and Culture Unlike numerous competitors, we are there are nursing homes, old age and LORENZ: In addition to the demogra- fied as a major problem by your spearheads the guideline “Strengthen- facing the special difficulty that our service centres, but above all there is phic change we concentrate on health peers – that is within your scope of KÜPPERS: When planning cities and ing Culture”. Why is so much weight 32,000 jobs are subject to strict require- a demand for housing space that is prevention for families from disadvan- responsibility among other things, their future development, living and attributed to international cooperation ments imposed by law and collective affordable and meets the requirements taged social classes who do not have isn’t it? working are not the only aspects here? agreements. In the city with the highest older people have. There are other the same access to prevention offers you should concentrate on. Action cost of living, mainly caused the high challenges too, in addition to the in- as members of the educated classes. BLUME-BEYERLE: Securing mobility is concepts that take into account all KÜPPERS: In light of our current, globally level of rent, HR recruitment becomes creasing numbers of older people. We It becomes increasingly problematic certainly one of the greatest challen- matters of life and co-existence must influenced world it is well-nigh impos- a special challenge. We try to tackle the are also facing a continued pluralisation that families with children from disad- ges. Due to economic efficiency and incorporate cultural aspects as well. sible to separate the art scene into issue by using HR marketing measures, of lifestyles and life situations here in vantaged social classes are falling prosperity, Munich is in great shape; We have to explore new paths in cul- purely local centres and affiliations. In developing our own new training and Munich. City society is growing more by the wayside. The annual school however, we are at risk of suffocating tural urban development, as dialogue parallel with the international work of study courses and by generously sup- colourful; individualisation progresses, entrance examinations regularly lead from our success. If the population between citizens, cultural and creative institutions, an increasing cultural dif- porting people in a material respect. family networks are weakened. All this to alarming discoveries. About 12,000 grows, the need for mobility increases stakeholders and investors. We want ferentiation manifests itself within the For the guideline “Foresight and Coope- coincides with social changes and an children come to us every year, as well. I share Professor Merk’s view to creatively rethink the city and create cities. International and intercultural rative Management”, we committed to increasing risk of poverty for different many of them with pre-existing health that this will lead to some restrictions new connections between living, aspects blend with one another. These developing an administration oriented population groups. At the end of the deficits. Obesity, unsatisfactory co- with regard to individual traffic. This working, culture and knowledge. This developments must be taken into ac- to learning that focuses on the poten- day, it is all about the question of how ordination and lack of exercise play a does, however, not only mean promo- should also include the spirit to explore count by local art promotion measures. tial of its employees and that together we can retain and promote a caring considerable role here. ting more bicycle traffic. You also have unbeaten paths, to follow different with a purposeful HR policy meets and committed urban society. The Dr Wolowicz, why is there no guide- social challenges such as demographic guideline that was developed when Dr Blume-Beyerle, where is the Depart- line on “Finances”? change and lack of specialists. We see updating Perspective Munich applies ment of Public Security and Order par- the intercultural opening process of our to the Department of Social Affairs ticularly affected by the consequences WOLOWICZ: In the strategic guideline administration as an opportunity. to a special degree. At present, we of the pressure through growth? “Foresight and Cooperative Manage- are also co-developing the “Social” We must build ment” we took into account the Ms Meier, in light of the social diversi- guideline in cooperation with other BLUME-BEYERLE: We are increasingly increasing importance of financial ty in our city, the rent cost issue parti- departments. faced with problems regarding the / 02 schools and day care framework conditions for urban de- cularly challenges the Department of “public space” issue. How do we velopment. Here you now find objec- Social Services. Mr Lorenz, the Department of Public properly deal with the various usage centres and do so tives with regard to a finance and of Health and Evironment is a key player requirements regarding public areas? political-economic framework. The pro- MEIER: In my opinion, the discussion when it comes to future-related issues. We could easily allocate every bit of in dimensions we tection of long-term financial flexibility on affordable living space for middle- What steps do you take? space in Munich several times over of urban development policy was de- class families is not just about crea- during the month of July. We must ask have not applied emed a prime purpose. In the long run, ting housing space in Munich, but LORENZ: We will focus on the topic ourselves: What kind of utilization do this is the most important prerequisite should rather concentrate on the of “adjusting to climate changes”. we want to have? Which conflicts will since the 1960s. for a successful urban development idea of a metropolis region. We must That means preservation of fresh air develop? How can they be solved? process. develop the entire region – both in corridors, reservation of space that is This requires preventive measures Rainer Schweppe terms of transport and infrastructure not only intended for recreational pur- when talking about protecting peace Department of Education and Sports How do you contribute to urban de- to create a reasonable work-life balan- poses, but generally contributes to the velopment as a city treasurer? ce. We will not be able to meet these city’s quality of life. The second focus requirements for all people within is on air pollution control: We might WOLOWICZ: To express it in simple Munich alone. However, if we tackle have solved the fine dust problem to a terms: Munich must learn to cope the issue of a metropolis region in considerable extent, but the nitrogen with growth-related stress. We have a broader sense, we suddenly have oxide problem has not been eliminated The complete interviews: structurally growing expenditures for completely different development so far. We are way above European / 01 infrastructure investments, for school opportunities. limits here. However, this is an issue buildings, for day care facilities, for pu- that cannot only be solved by traffic blic transport as well as for HR matters planning, but also needs to be tackled in the city administration. Under finan- by the business sector. This also mat- cial aspects we must decide: Which ches a key climatic protection challen- infrastructure facilities are required? ge, namely to reduce CO² emissions www.muenchen.de/perspektive How can they be financed? These are highly relevant questions determining the future of the city of Munich.

/ 01 Mayor Josef Schmid Department of Labour and Interviews by Marco Eisenack Economic Development

/ 02 From left to right: Rainer Schweppe Department of Education and Sports Dr Hans-Georg Küppers Department of Arts and Culture

14 15 City in Transition | Munich – Key Figures

A glance at the statistics reveals: Development of space requirements Munich is facing tremendous challenges Using space more efficiently

Munich is a booming city and it will continue to be so. While 650 hectares of barrack, railway, industrial and traffic areas which had become available could be used for planning and construction purposes over the past 20 years, today Munich – there is only a reserve of about 50,000 housing units. However, by 2030 at least two or three times that much housing space will be required. Consequently, we will soon be facing bottlenecks in the housing market, particularly when it comes Key Figures to publicly funded housing programmes. How can new areas be generated in a densely populated, growing city? +26 % The long-term settlement development project “Langfristige Stadtentwicklung” primarily focuses on the qualified densification of settlements from the 1950s to the 1980s which account for one quarter of all populated areas. In addition, commercial Advanced age: areas are to be transformed into mixed development areas with a share for new forms of housing, and the development of +13 % Ages 75 + urban construction is to be advanced at Munich’s north-eastern outskirts. Still, these measures will not suffice in the long run 2013: 118,000 2030: 148,200 when it comes to creating enough housing space for all those seeking to live in Munich. In order to meet housing demands Household formation, +15 % exceeding that limit, the cooperation of the state capital of Munich with its surrounding towns, municipalities and districts in Working life: Ages 25 – 39 the region will become increasingly important as they still offer potentials for new housing construction. Primary school: 2013: 401,700 Source: “Long-term demographic development”, city council resolution of 17 July 2013 2030: 454,300 +18 % Ages 6 – 9 2013: 46,000 2030: 53,200 Secondary level ll, vocational training: Population forecast 2013 to 2030: Ages 16 – 18 2013: 33,100 2030: 39,200 + 230,000 = 1.72 Mio ? Inhabitants (main and secondary residents)

Development of poverty in old age Number of people, affected by Seniors: poverty in old age in 2013 Ages 65 – 74 Solidarity with the less privileged 2013: 144,600 Child care: 2030: 154,500 Ages 0 – 2 2013: 43,000 2030: 47,600 Despite favourable economic conditions and low un- +7 % employment figures, poverty in Munich is not decrea- Working life: Kindergarden: sing. Causes include lower pension entitlements, the Ages 40 – 64 Ages 3 – 5 +11 % effects of low wage sector occupation and rising rents. 2013: 490,900 2013: 38,600 FH, University In the future we will have significantly higher numbers 2030: 567,400 2030: 43,200 Secondary level l, Vocational qualification: of older people threatened by poverty – including the Age 10 – 15 Ages 19 – 24 resulting challenges in all areas of life. These people 2013: 63,300 2013: 114,200 need support, particularly in a prospering city with high +12 % 2030: 75,200 2030: 131,300 +18 % living costs, such as Munich. By 2020, the number of people receiving “old-age basic income support” will +19 % +15 % presumably have doubled compared to 2011. Demographic development Source: München sozial 2013 (Department of Social Services) Our population keeps growing, but not to the same extent everywhere and Poverty Report 2011

By 2030, the population of Munich will have risen to about 1.72 million inhabitants. This corresponds to an increase of almost 15% over 2013. The different age groups are hereby subject to varying growth rates posing very different demands on the city’s development. While the number of minors will increase by 11 to 19%, there is also a rise in the number of Number of people, affected people in advanced age groups. The group of people aged 75+ will be subject to the highest increase of all demographic by poverty in old age in 2020 (forecast) groups. At 26% their number is increasing by a quarter; in absolute terms, this corresponds to an increase of 118,000 in 2013 to about 148,200 in 2030. Source: Population forecast of the Bavarian State Capital of Munich, planning forecast 2013-2030

16 17 City in Transition | Munich – Key Figures

Development of rents Development of the choice of transport Rents will continue to rise Out of the car, on the bike

Between 2002 and 2008, the percentage of distances travelled by principal means of transport has evolved from 10% to 14% in favour of bicycle traffic. Distances travelled by public transport, have roughly remained at the same level (21%). Car use has declined to a 37% share. The modal split is – as per definition of the findings of“ Mobilität in Deutschland” – the percentage of distances travelled by the respective principal means of transport. Source: Mobilität in Deutschland (MiD) [Mobility in Germany] 2002 and 2008

Net base rent in EUR/m² living area (Private residential construction)

16 10 %

14 21 %

12 28 % 2002

10 41 %

4 14 %

2 21 %

2008 0

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2013 37 % 28 %

Re-letting year of As is widely known, property prices in Munich have been soaring for construction, until 1948 years. The high demand for real estate as investment objects additio- nally pushes prices – with considerable effects on rent levels. Rents Re-letting year of con- in 2013, when objects were occupied for the first time, were at about 17 % struction, starting from 1949 Main means of transport – modal split: 15.40 per square metre. That corresponds to a rise of approximately According to a survey in the frame- 45% in relation to the 1990 value. Publicly funded housebuilding is not First-time occupancy in work of the Radverkehrskampagne considered in this statistics, but it contributes to prices not rising even the respective year (cycle traffic campaign) 2011 the more rapidly and is to be promoted more intensively. share of cyclists in the modal split Source: IVD – IVD Wohn-Preisspiegel, 2014 (Reference object: well situated 70m² apartment) Pedestrians Private Public transport Bicycle amounts to 17%. motorised transport and passengers 18 19 City in Transition | Urban Development is no Algorithm

“All those striving to offer positive prospects to this ‘cosmopolitan city with a heart’, should ensure that this phrase does not dis- Urban integrate into a mere Development is platitude.” LaBrassBanda On the one hand the city is to remain Brass Punk band attractive and must continue to develop. This concerns many areas that no Algorithm are generally regarded as the greatest challenges for the city: economic competitiveness, both nationally and internationally, adequate education and cultural offers, attractiveness by expertise and the chance to unfold individual creativity. In general terms, the goal should be an increase in the quality of life by means that are both socially and ecologically sound. The latter often requires higher investments, which often pay off on a long- term basis only.

However, on the other hand we face the not less important challenge that Harlander calls ‘protecting and Perspective Munich intends to provide answers to the stabilising existing social structures`. Depending on the perspectives and future’s most urgent challenges. But what are these needs of different social groups, Excessive alarmism is surely inappropriate, but but also affected by individual life key challenges? We have asked experts and creative we feel that in our growing cities, above all in situations, there is a great variety of Munich, urban societies are more and more impact levels. In the abovementioned artists in Munich to share their views. drifting apart socially in view of exploding rents strained relationship, above all, the and purchase prices on the property markets. people with lower incomes must not become excluded social losers, says Harlander. It was a socially mixed city that contributed to its attraction in the Prof. Dr Tilman Harlander first place and filled it with life – in Housing and Urban Sociologist this connection the sociologist re- fers to a “deeply rooted charm” that needs to be preserved in Munich.

The obstacles impairing successful Tilman Harlander grew up in Schwa- find there at the time”, he says. This urban development are of a diverse bing and today is one of Germany’s assessment was not at all about a nature. There can be no illusion that most renowned city researchers. The misplaced desire for romanticism or all problems could be solved satisfac- sociologist is an expert when it comes preservation, he says, as any city is cer- torily – as solutions were as different to assessing Munich’s problems and tainly forever changing and therefore as the interests of the inhabitants opportunities: “During the 1950s and also requires continuous modernisa- behind them. But in Munich it is con- 1960s, I came to appreciate and love tion. But particularly in Munich there sidered a particularly important chal- the marvellously small, social and was a special tension. lenge, not only to be successful, but mixed-use urban spaces you could to be social at the same time.

20 21 City in Transition | Urban Development is no Algorithm

ence factors outside its control. If cer- in the self-perception of the state ca- tain measures are not implemented, pital and its elected local politicians”, this might be for reasons that cannot comments Maximilian Heisler of the be attributed to Munich. interest group “Bündnis bezahlbares Wohnen”. He is confident that this Forecasts nevertheless help to reco- can work out: “The proud image of gnize scope for action and to action Munich’s unique blend should not just itself. The controlling mechanisms be used as a figurehead, but recogni- must then become more flexible as zed in its creativity, technicality and well: Variety, to a certain extent even variety and be actively utilised. Here complexity, are characteristics for a lie hidden treasures for this city so- city. But the more open and pluralistic metimes referred to as the “Florence Apart from the immense structural a society becomes, the more flexible at the Isar river”; and don’t worry, the problems affiliated with the conti- an administration must be in its plan- general mood is still positive.” nuously increasing population in ning. It is important that many voices Munich, each inhabitant of this city are heard and as many stakeholders as A particularly great challenge Munich will be required to further refine and possible are involved in the decision- faces is, of course, the immense influx strengthen their individual social G making processes. “Transparency of people, one of the most important competence.“ of political measures for the urban factors of demographic development. society plays a key role, as expressed Amongst other reasons this also Luise Kinseher Good seismographs are the state- Munich cabaret artist and actress ments of creative artists and scientists who come from Munich or live here. When asked about future challenges, nearly all of them bring up the strained relations between the pursuit for eco- “There is a requirement, or rather, an nomic success and the increasingly wi- dening social gap. “We must not turn opportunity to implement innovative traf- Munich into a habitable, functional machine for optimised, achievement-ori- fic concepts with short-distance mobility, ented yuppies. Everyone should rather always be aware of the fact that we improved inter- and multi-modality as- live in a community, which does not supports the assumption that Munich have to be profitable at all times, but pects. This is supplemented by sharing will continue countering the German Maximilian Heisler which always needs to remain huma- trend and generate a surplus of births, Bündnis bezahlbares Wohnen (Alliance for Affordable Living) ne and social“, adds Luise Kinseher, offers and the use of electric vehicles in since many young people start their actress and winner of the Bavarian Ca- families only once they have moved baret Award 2014. And the Folk Brass motor traffic, two-wheeled traffic, public here. We currently expect a growth Punk band LaBrassBanda comments: in population of 9% by 2020 and 15% “It is important that Munich, despite and business transport. Munich offers by 2030. Due to the constant influx all its economic success, does not lose of young people and the surplus of sight of its heart and gemütlichkeit.” good basic conditions and has a sound births Munich’s urban society hardly The share of people with migration ages. However, a strong rise is to be background, which at the end of 2014 Within both areas, urban development starting position.” expected in the group of people of was at 41%, will continue to rise as is primarily faced with the key question advanced age. Numerically strong co- well. In the children and young people of control possibilities and capabilities. horts grow to old age, life expectancy group, this value has been twice as And what applies to all areas is: Many fortunately continues to increase as high and thus already much higher factors cannot be influenced in the first Prof. Dr-Ing. Klaus J. Beckmann well, and with it the demand for age- anyway. Adapted educational offers place. The development of a city such President of the Academy for Spacial Research appropriate living and for a barrier-free will therefore be required, as well as as Munich, with its large, international- and Planning (ARL) city. This is just one of the reasons measures aiming at generating equal ly working companies and its strong why the public suburban traffic should opportunities, such as access to the tourism sector, also depends on global be developed further. education system. economic developments that are barely foreseeable. The aforementioned problem of the in- At a national level we see a general creasing social gap directly influences trend towards increasing differences The economic crisis of 2008, for in- this development too: Many older in income. Usually, older people and stance, revealed how quickly forecasts people are threatened by poverty in people with migration background are can become void – the city’s finances old age and depend on rents not being the most negatively affected. Eleven can thus change rapidly due to influ- increased or only to a minimum extent. percent of Munich’s households cur-

22 23 City in Transition | Urban Development is no Algorithm

It’s not enough to insulate rently live in poverty – the number of children who receive advance alimony individual houses and install payments has nearly doubled from 3,300 to about 5,700 between 1999 more efficient heating here and 2008.

Influx, increasingly diverse lifestyles and there.“ “If Munich is no longer affordable for and less and less space for new buildings have led to considerable price craftsmen, we have a massive problem. Patrick Illinger pressure hard to counter with free Head of Science with Süddeutsche Zeitung market means. Potential areas for new Eventually my children will visit the country housing construction are extremely scarce. instead of the zoo and say: ‘Look daddy,

With the project “Langfristige Sied- a plumber! Over there – a carpenter!’” lungsentwicklung” (Long-term settlement development) solutions for the Mehmet Scholl foreseeable bottleneck in settlement Former Bayern München football professional space are being looked for. The key more efficient heating here and there”. and Munich citizen by choice; published in Süddeutsche Zeitung, 6 June 2014 question here is: Which planning stra- Planning of settlement and housing There must be an overall concept tegies allow for a socially balanced structures here must go hand in hand that integrates mobility, resource and housing policy on suitable areas? The with the planning of public transporta- energy consumption and takes into Department of Urban Planning and tion systems. “As a growing city and account the lifestyles of citizens. Re- Building Regulations had various stra- region, Munich increasingly requires ferences to the ecological significance tegies examined by experts in these a co-ordinated development of settle- of own actions, according to Illinger, areas: densifying existing residential ment and transport issues”, says Klaus should – as far as possible – be areas with the objective to improve the J. Beckmann, President of the Acade- perceived as ‘favourable’. What we housing offer, a strategy for city and my for Spacial Research and Planning. need are concrete individual incenti- landscape-compatible settlement and “People must be equally aware of the ve systems to prevent the waste of free space development at the outs- dearth of space and of transport ca- valuable resources.” The problem de- kirts, and restructuring commercially- pacity bottlenecks in road and railway finition is global in this case, however, oriented city districts to achieve higher systems which cannot be easily elimi- its implementation must be managed we position ourselves well and create In a diverse urban society it can no residential use. nated.” predominantly at a local level. incentives for new companies as well. longer be assumed that all challenges Among other things, this requires an equally concern all of its members. Sociologist Harlander considers Munich The steadily increasing number of Even if framework conditions are sub- intact infrastructure as well as a ge- Depending on the perspectives and quite well-prepared: “My wish is that commuters already shows that the ject to permanent change: Numerous nerally positive image of the city and needs of different social groups, but the city of Munich continues to develop readiness to accept longer distances challenges are not new but represent metropolitan region of Munich. also affected by their individual life its pioneering role − widely recognized grows as well, irrespective of the ongoing topics in Munich’s develop- situations, this leads to quite different at a national level − in further stabili- means of transport. This in turn leads ment. This includes, for example, that These are by far not all the challenges impact levels. sing social cohesion within its urban to an increased environmental impact, companies based in Munich receive the state capital will face in coming society, in particular with the instru- above all due to increased CO² and location-related benefits. Independent years – some might not even be Munich’s future challenges provide the ment of a ‘socially compatible use of noise output. There is no doubt that studies have proven that Munich’s known yet. Important key words of the foundation of the guiding principle as land’ (SoBoN).“ further planning must be based on a position is excellent, both at a natio- future are, for example, knowledge well as of strategic and thematic gui- holistic concept in cooperation with nal and international level. Its eco- economy, multi-functionality of public delines, based on which Perspective regional communities. nomic development is described as space, reacting to special needs in in- Munich formulates answers for the dynamic, while the quality of life and dividual districts where challenges can future. / CL This admittedly requires superordinate environmental standards are high. In be most divers in nature. This again ideas that tackle several problems at the course of liberating international takes us back to the starting point: the same time. Patrick Illinger, Head trade we must, however, ensure that Munich’s original charm must be pre- of the science department of Süddeut- served, and a high identification of its sche Zeitung comments for instance: citizens both with their city and their “Lowering energy and resource direct neighbourhood is enormously consumption of a city must not be helpful. This can only be achieved if attempted only on a small scale. An ur- people are included in the future de- ban area is an interconnected system, velopment of their city and commit to almost an organism. It is not enough it. This would ensure that Munich can to insulate individual houses and install retain the state-of-the-art and remain true to its traditions at the same time.

24 25

Dialogue

Every urban society is a market of the most varied interests as well. Citizens, companies, policy-makers, administration representatives – all these stakeholders have their particular expectations with regard to their city. However, when pressure on growth is high, these needs increasingly collide. An open and comprehensive exchange of interests helps to gather important knowledge, thus creating the requirements for optimum decisions to be taken in each individual case. Public relations and an active culture of participation are hence key elements of Perspective Munich. A core principle is to establish a culture of open and in-depth dialogue with citizens and social groups as early as possible. Perspective Munich means planning in progress. ___

26 27 Dialogue | Quality through Dialogue

Planning-related public relations and the involvement of citizens are fundamental prerequisites for sustainable urban development, where as many interests as Quality possible are incorporated. through

setting up the Maxvorstadt arts area, a expected to provide internet-based Dialogue new instrument was introduced with options to inform transparently and to the citizen appraisal that is perfectly include citizens in the decision-making suited for answering questions with an process. The “muenchen-mitdenken. overall impact. 100 participants who de” project functioned as a beacon, were randomly selected among the allowing for comprehensive online par- population register, compiled the app- ticipation when updating Perspective raisal with the goal of better exploiting Munich, in addition to the existing offli- Entitled “Zukunft findet Stadt” (City of Planning-related public relations form the potential of the area that is so im- ne elements. the future), the Department for Urban the basis of a successful citizen par- portant for the arts and culture. Planning and Building Regulations ticipation – a feature that looks back Increased participation also means mo- organises an exhibition on current on a long tradition in Munich. As early Social changes become increasingly re time, more funding and more com- issues and questions at the beginning as in 1968, Mayor at that time, Hans visible: Citizens today seek more acti- munication expertise within the admi- of every year. The scope ranges from Jochen Vogel, brought Munich’s “pa- ve participation in planning processes. nistration. The more people involved in living conditions via monument protec- nel for urban development issues” to Surveys confirm that more and more the decision-making, the more compli- tion, all the way to city shape and city life. Since 1972, the city has financed people feel that important decisions cated and more complex the process centre concept issues. The interest of a non-profit association as interface are taken over their heads. A wide can become. Special workshops and Effective “planning in pro- people in the exhibition and the com- between citizens, administration and bandwidth of contribution options a panels often reveal that interests signi- prehensive framework programme politics of urban development with the well as starting discussions and parti- ficantly diverge. Since not all conflicts gress” can only succeed has been growing constantly since ‘Munich Forum’. cipation as early as possible improves can be eliminated, the acceptance of when based on reliable 1999: In 2015, nearly 19,000 people mutual understanding, allows both democratically-taken decisions is part information and long-term visited the exhibition “Innenstadt wei- Independent of the formal participa- sides to react and thereby puts plan- of the participation process as well. terdenken” and using approximately tion steps as stipulated by building ning on a sustainable basis. If citizens oriented communication. 6,000 sticky notes, left a great variety law, an increasing number of informal are informed about projects promptly, For this, Head of Department of Urban of ideas and comments on the city procedures are established in today’s invited to participate and co-determine Planning Elisabeth Merk, happily calls centre’s development. building management. When planning decisions, this leads to qualitatively on the following formula: “The ob- C the Bayernkaserne, or the Au-based better results. In addition, an increased jective should be: Quality for the city, In order to interest young people Paulaner Area for instance, the classic acceptance of these decisions results through dialogue about the city.” / ME in architecture and urban develop- competition process was combined in continuous interest that future pro- ment planning, the “Münchner with an extended participation tool. jects benefit from as well. Centrepiece of our public relations Schulwettbewerb”(Munich school Citizens were already involved prior to efforts is the so-called “PlanTreff” that prize) is awarded once per year. About the competition’s start, so that their Formats and limits are co-ordinated at was launched at the start of Perspec- 450 children and young adults create suggestions could be included in the the beginning of the participation pro- tive Munich in 1995 as information visions for their Munich every year. tendering process. As part of work- cess. In projects that affect the entire centre for urban development. Infor- shops, the competition results were city, different public relations instru- mation on planning, projects and ur- For urban planners it is also important later revised against the background ments and components and their par- ban development issues is organised to take issues beyond their technical of the joint recommendations by the ticipation forms interlink. The district comprehensively in line with citizens’ everyday ones into account. The jury, politicians and the public. When committees in the districts play a sub- needs in the form of publications and “Münchner Gespräche zur Stadtbau- stantial role in involving people on-site exhibitions there. Numerous events kultur” (Munich’s discussions on the and representing local interests. and hand-on formats for different tar- culture of urban development) outline get groups facilitate and promote dia- the greatest planning and development The possibilities of the internet today logue at eye level. Cooperation with challenges from different points of multiply and accelerate communicati- universities, institutions and other view within society. Head of Department on. Social media, apps and blogs are cities provides new impetus and helps of Urban Planning Merk hereby invites more and more effectively used – by urban stakeholders to look beyond people from different walks of life to citizens and as well as by professional their own planning horizons. join the public discourse twice a year. stakeholders. The administration is

28 29 ➳ München Workshops, events and an online dialogue platform – many components contributed to delivering the desired MitDenken outcome.

problems can be pointed out that have so far been neglected in individual districts. The active participation at the same time depicts where the greatest Under the motto “München cross-district challenges lie and deli- MitDenken”, updates to vers tangible trends that avoids urban planning over people’s heads. The Perspective Munich were the process via various workshops. An participation of citizens can thus affect discussed with the general intercultural team of experts discussed real projects as well as the strategy be- public and other stake- with citizens and people with migration hind them. Another important aspect: background what they would desire The dialogue widens people’s perspec- holders in the spring of 2012 for their future in Munich, while the tives and helps them to appreciate the via a cross-media participa- regional planning association debated interests of others as well. tion process – a dialogue cooperation and participation possibilities in the region. For the first time in the discussion on about the fundamental goals Munich`s Perspective an online portal of urban development. An external council accompanied the was created where citizens could par- process of updating Perspective Mu- ticipate in updating the urban develop- nich together with the city council’s ment concept. This electronic pin wall, political groups and administration named www.muenchen-mitdenken. At the end of the evening 88 post-its representatives. In the course of 15 de collected another 450 ideas, 1,600 adorned a two-metre wide pin wall and workshops in total, various debates comments and over 12,000 evaluati- that was only the beginning. The pro- were initiated in different commit- ons in the period between 16 April and posals for the state capital’s future we- tees, points of view shared, contents 11 May 2012. All contributions were re as concrete as they were held gene- developed, scrutinised, approved – or evaluated later, documented and inte- rally, from the noise reduction tunnel discarded again. The update draft that grated into the long-term urban deve- at Tegernseer Landstrasse in Giesing developed in this way formed the lopment concept. The proposals on the all the way to solar energy settlement basis of the dialogue and discussions website were moderated and general projects for all of Munich. They all con- with the general public. as well as cross references to similar tributed to advancing urban develop- ideas were made. ment as part of Perspective Munich. As early as in March, former mayor The Anton Fingerle educational centre Christian Ude had kicked off the “pu- Overall, discussions on the internet in Giesing hosted the first event in a blic phase” at Munich’s Literaturhaus. were also led extremely constructively. row of three public city meetings on As a round table event with the pro- The many, mainly official but private 23 April 2012, where the people of vocative title “Boomtown Munich – Is comments as well, led to another Munich could contribute their ideas. success eating up its children?” he significant effect – a greater measure This was followed by two other, equal- discussed the challenges of a dynami- of understanding of the things that are ly well attended meetings in Hadern cally growing city with scientists and possible and feasible when it comes to and in Milbertshofen. Children and citizens as podium guests. urban development planning. The on- young people were also involved in line option had furthermore increased For the state capital Munich the dia- the number people participating in logue on the future of the city is the basis of its actions. Nobody knows the city with its minor and major problems better than its inhabitants. The more intensive the participation, the better

30 31 Dialogue | München MitDenken

/ 01

The most important findings in the public phase: Munich’s people are, above all, concerned about the quality of life in their city as a consequence of its growth. The discussion has been and remains controversial, for example, the desire for affordable housing on the one hand and the wish to protect established structures against subsequent densification on the other. The challenge of integrated urban development planning is to balance such opposing interests.

Other key issues in Munich (selection): –– More participation in decision-making the PlanTreff at Blumenstrasse and and organisation phase. We succee- processes also granted the option of presenting ded in addressing a broader public –– More quality when implementing new their ideas themselves and in greater and in leading a lively discussion on building and subsequent densification detail − as for instance the most po- Munich’s urban development”. The / 01 projects pular proposal with 323 supporters fact that the city hereby utilised the –– Development and revaluation of public to preserve the Boarding School at idea of an online survey was positively transport as well as pedestrian and bicycle traffic Hochstrasse in its existing form. It recognised even nationwide: In May / 01 Participation on-site turned out the initiators were not 2013, Head of Department of Urban –– Retaining attractive green areas / 02 Participation on-line only concerned about this individual Planning Merk received the “Online Using the “muenchen-mitdenken.de” site –– Improving the offer of day care facilities and youth leisure activities school, but that they were focusing Partizipation 2013” main prize for the citizens were equally able to contribute ideas on the principle of offering good edu- “München MitDenken” initiative in the –– Shaping public space cation to single parent children and federal capital. “The project is charac- –– Improving regional cooperation to people with lower incomes and terised by its high level of participation, unfavourable working hours. At the a positive media resonance and good same time, this again confirmed the public relations during the entire pro- thesis that citizens’ requests almost cess. “The successful blend of online automatically served a concrete and and offline elements is remarkable”, the discussion: A survey revealed a general purpose. Other often sup- was one of the reasons provided by / 02 that 57% of participants had not heard ported proposals were among others: the jury. During the award ceremony, about Perspective Munich before. “100,000 new trees”, “A new cir- Merk announced the city’s intention to cular track for the public transport intensify its communication with peop- On 30 July 2012, Head of Department system”, “optical sustainability for le in future. / CL of Urban Planning , Elisabeth Merk, new buildings - more beautiful new was delighted to personally meet houses” – to name a few. some of the people who had provided ideas: The authors of the 15 most After conclusion of the online dialogue, successful proposals were invited to the page was archived including all its information and contributions and can still be accessed today via www.muenchen-mitdenken.de.

After evaluation of the public phase and the detailed feedback, the City Council decided to update Perspective Munich on 5 June 2013. The coun- cillors were not only presented with the documentation of the public participation, but the strategic guidelines were revised as suggested by the public. Even if most city districts were focusing on concrete on-site requests, both in meetings as part of the www. muenchen-mitdenken.de online dialogue, some citizens felt the need to word the guidelines less bureaucra- tically – hoping to attract even more people as a result.

The evaluation report came to a positive conclusion: “The proactive participation confirmed the considerations during the public conceptual design

32 33 Integrated Strategy

In a dynamic metropolis, such as Munich, politicians and administrators must react immediately to changing key conditions. Social, economic and ecological challenges are changing fast and must often be tackled completely differently. As early as at the beginning of the 90s, it had become obvious that merely updating the rather inflexible urban development plans was no longer suitable as an instrument of choice in view of the predominant pressure for change. Since 1998, Perspective Munich has provided the flexible framework for future-oriented urban development. A superordinate guiding principle, 4 strategic guidelines, 16 thematic guidelines with numerous lead projects as well as 10 action areas are the substantial components of the integrated urban development concept. ___

34 35 Strategy | History

From Plan 2009 City council resolution updating Perspective Munich: Establishing a guiding principle and new strategic guidelines, adapting existing thematic 2015 to Process guidelines, integrating Perspective Munich in the Advancement of the action space 1963 city’s overall objectives, and integration of the concept and draft of scenarios on City council resolution on the With the first urban development goals of sustainability Munich’s urban development entitled “Urban development report 2003” plan, Mayor Dr Hans-Jochen Vogel „Zukunftsschau München 2040+” City council resolution on the guideline “Healthy initiates the development of Munich Assignment to update the in every way. Meeting challenges, creating per- Drafting the guideline “Social Affairs” into a modern metropolis. “Ecology” guideline spectives, promoting the quality of life” Publication: Magazine for the updat- Assignment to create a guideline Public participation on the ing of Perspective Munich „Munich: Plan 1 “Munich – city of knowledge” guidelines “Securing Social Future Perspective” Cohesion” and “Ecology” Publication of the “Urban develop- 1975 ment report 2005” 2012 Under the motto “City in Balance”, 2002 Public participation under the motto the second urban development of “MitDenken” on the guiding plan is brought to life. New guid- 2005 2008 principle and the strategic guidelines ing principles: socially fair living, of Perspective Munich city-compatible mobility and a Public participation for the guidelines “Health – meeting challenges, creating per- decentralised settlement concept. Online platform: 198.000 visitors, spectives, promoting quality of life” 1998 2,000 contributions/comments, Plan 2 12,000 ratings City council resolution of “Education in Munich – fair and future- Perspective Munich with seven proof, metropolis-oriented and cosmopoli- guidelines, five lead projects and tan”, “Ecology – supplement to issues updating additional guidelines of climate change and climate protection”

City council resolution on the results of the public participation and final resolution on the guiding principle and the four strategic guidelines 1995 City council resolution on the guideline Publication of the special catalogue Public participation on the guideline of “Ecology – issues of climate change “Analyses for urban development” “New Media” and climate protection are added” Start of the public participation Updating the “Urban development Evaluation of the entire City receives online participation prize process and conceptual design of report” focusing on “Consequences urban development concept 1983 Perspective Munich of the Socio-demographic Change” The third urban development Opening the PlanTreff at Blumen- City council resolution on the three 2011 plan focuses on procuring housing strasse as central information centre 2013 guidelines of “Ecology”, “Securing Updating Perspective and commercial space pro- on Munich’s urban development Social Cohesion” and “New Media”. 2007 Munich: Guiding principle, grammes, as well as on retaining Revision of the guideline draft strategic guidelines and the existing building stock while “Culture and Leisure” concepts on action areas continuing urban development at Draft of the guideline “Children of urban development the same time. and family policy” and initiation of public participation Plan 3 2004 Exhibition “Perspective Munich” at the Rathausgalerie 2010 City council resolution 2001 City council resolution on the guideline to develop a new urban City council resolution on the “Urban “Education in Munich – Fair and future-proof, development plan development report 2000” focusing 2006 metropolis-oriented and cosmopolitan” on “Working in the City”

Drafting the guidelines “Securing 1992 Social Cohesion”, “New Media”, “Culture”

Abandoning inflexible urban development plans in favour of process-oriented In the next few years, Perspective Munich will be supplemented by a planning. Since Hans-Jochen Vogel presented the first urban development plan spatial urban development concept, and its implementation will be opti- in 1963, the planning culture in Munich has changed considerably. mised by elaborating the ten action areas.

36 37 Strategy | Overall System

City in Balance Perspective

Open Foresight and Munich Atmosphere Cooperative and Attractive Management Appearance

A varying number of lead projects, High Quality action concepts and programmes are allocated to the guidelines. Here, and Characteristic The Perspective Munich objectives are implemented and tur- Urban Space urban development concept ned into concrete projects and pro- Caring and grammes. At present, there are about Committed Urban was established by the city 60 such projects across all thematic Society council in 1998 for the first areas. time and since then has been The ten currently existing action areas updated several times. The In the form of eight key statements, extend the technical and holistic urban guiding principle, the four stra- the new guiding principle – City in perspective by a sub-spatial view. They Balance – bundles the goals and values outline the specialised key areas of tegic guidelines and the ten of urban development as stipulated in Munich’s urban development across action areas of urban develop- the guidelines. disciplines and focus on individual city ment were recently added. districts that are characterised by ex- The elements of the guiding principle emplary development opportunities, 16 are substantiated using the four new but also bear risks and hence require Thematic strategic guidelines: “Foresight and special attention and care. Guidelines Structure of Cooperative Management”, “Open At- the overall system: mosphere and Attractive Appearance”, With Perspective Munich, the state “High Quality and Characteristic Urban capital of Munich has established a fle- 1 Guiding principle Spaces”, “Caring and Committed xible orientation framework for future with 8 key statements Urban Society”. These strategic guide- urban development and an obligatory lines are cross section-oriented uniting system of targets many planning 4 Strategic guidelines substantial action areas and future and departmental measures can be challenges. In the overall system, they aligned with and measured against. 16 Thematic guidelines represent a link between the generally Perspective Munich promotes the city formulated guiding principle and the administration’s integrated approach. 10 Action areas differentiated thematic guidelines. In addition, it serves as a platform for a discourse on the future of our city that 60 Lead projects The currently existing 16 thematic involves the entire urban society. 10 guidelines contain rather specialized objectives on almost all the important Action Areas urban development issues, such as business, cityscape, social aspects, mobility, education, health and ecology. Together with the strategic guidelines they provide direction and define goals for the future urban development. The thematic guidelines are continuously updated, supplemented subject-specifically and evaluated at reasonable time intervals.

38 39 Strategy | Guiding Principle

In view of the forces in play, urban decision-makers can hence resort to a value catalogue to level tensions that might threaten the balance. Key elements hereby are balancing the external orientation while considering internal effects as well as the promotion of diversity in our city without putting the cooperation among members of the urban society at risk. City in Balance

ility sib on sp External orientation re al Munich’s tradition of balance b lo manifests itself in the eight g d key statements that together n a h form the guiding principle. t w In order to generate an o r g equilibrium of interests, the f o key statements are regularly s Centre of a Exchange t weighted and correlated. i strong and and m i L attractive region solidarity 01. Individual evolvement and 04. Exchange and solidarity 07. Openness, adaptability living environment Munich provides contributions to man- and spirit Munich strives to create an environ- aging global challenges in solidarity Munich deals with its history and ment worth living in, guaranteeing and in this context seeks to set up co- preserves its tradition. The city is both every individual’s personal evolve- operation and exchange projects with open to learn from others and has the Cooperation ment. The city supports its inhabitants cities and regions, both at a national spirit to accept new challenges. Diversity, Individual in their autonomy to act, allowing and an international level. creativity and evolvement Integrational them to exploit their potentials and 08. Identification, commitment strength and seize opportunities. 05. Variety, creativity and and equal rights innovative and living innovative strength Munich is supported by the identi- Diversity strength environment reconciliation 02. Limits of growth and global Munich values its social, economic, cul- fication of its inhabitants with their responsibility tural and local variety. This contributes neighbourhoods, their districts and In structuring the living conditions of substantially to the quality, atmosphere the city itself. Munich ensures that all its citizens, Munich takes into account and creativity of the city and secures of its citizens have the possibility to the global ecological system and ac- the long-term basis of its innovative participate on an equal footing in the cepts responsibility for maintaining the strength and developmental dynamism. development of the city and encourag- Openness, Identification, natural fundamentals of life. es citizen commitment. 06. Integrational strength and adaptability commitment and 03. Centre of a strong and reconciliation and spirit equal rights attractive region Munich ensures the integration Munich is the heart of a strong and strength needed to act against existing attractive region. The city responsibly or increasing inequalities. It stands for uses its means to develop partnerships reconciling the various and often con- with regional administrative bodies, tradictory interests of its citizens in the both in the closer vicinity as well as in sense of a future-oriented develop- the region and the metropolitan area. ment of the city as a whole.

Internal effect

40 41 / 01 The Brücklmaier bakery in Altperlach

The elements of the guiding principle are substantiated by Lead project means of the four new strategic guidelines: Ökoprofit – Eco-Benefit A visit to the Brücklmaier bakery In 1962, Munich was awarded the Open Atmos- ted in the continuous influx of people ___ epithet “Metropolis with a Heart”. In to Munich, also has its downsides – this respect, the guideline “Open at- phere and as is widely known. What matters, mosphere and attractive appearance” above all, is to find a balance between When lead projects are initiat- owner George Brücklmaier is convin- actually conveys precisely the idea Attractive successful economic situation and ed, they are often referenced ced that they are worthwhile. behind this motto: Munich is a popular high quality of life. In other words: with several guidelines in and economically successful city, and Appearance Social and ecological aspects must In order to find out what pays off in / 01 is supposed to stay this way too. This be considered at all decision levels. practice. In addition to the the first place, a detailed consultation strategic guideline therefore aims at Munich is to remain an attractive place strategic guideline “Open in the technically and legally complex further promoting Munich’s strengths, for all its inhabitants – whether they field of environmental protection is for instance, with a greater offer of cul- are long-established, new arrivals from Atmosphere and Attractive often required. The state capital Mu- tural and sports events, as well as by emanates enormous attraction. The near and far, families or singles, old or Appearance”, the thematic nich offers such consultancy not only This is what the initiative is all about: minimising any detrimental effects of city intends to ensure that everyone young, a place where everyone is able guidelines 1 “Safeguarding in workshops, but also in the form of regularly generating awareness for developments progressing too fast. can express their personality here in to live well and nobody is excluded. multiple visits to the premises. Exter- the possibilities of sustainable ma- line with their ideas, both in professio- and Promoting Employment nal experts then accompany a measu- nagement. Commitment then deve- Fundamentals of an attractive at- nal as well as in a private regard. In the and Economic Prosperity” re all the way to preparing a budget. lops almost automatically. Brücklmaier mosphere are openness and exchange. business sector, Munich pursues the In Brücklmaier’s case LED lighting taught his employees to always shut On the one hand, Munich engages in goal of strengthening its position as a as well as 10 “Developing was, for example, installed in all six down the furnaces when they are no the dialogue with national and interna- creative and innovative location where Projects in the context Ecological Qualities” are branches, even in the sales areas. “Of longer needed. The lights in the ma- tional partners with regard to a future- knowledge, education and research of this guideline: of importance as well, if a course, the lights are more expensive nufacturing area were more efficiently oriented development of cities and thrive. This also means facilitating at first. But they last much longer placed. Many little things that add up, urban regions, both in Germany and operations as well as the settlement of Improving cooperation between business is to become more than usual halogen bulbs. Above all, forming enormous savings. Brückl- worldwide. On the other, Munich is al- companies. Special attention is hereby universities and city sustainable. I have less heat build-up“, comments maier cannot specify exactly how so known for contributing a great deal attributed to ecological and social inte- Objective: Creative and innovative location Brücklmaier. The 3,500 he invested much energy he saves over the year. of its own experience to this dialogue. rests. Local companies, for instance, Marketing concept for Munich as The latest acquisitions in the Brückl- paid off quite fast. However, on basis of the accessible Munich is hence embedded in a safe, are actively supported in using ecolo- city of knowledge maier baker's shop are not visible; business comparison he notices that economically, socially and culturally gically compatible and resource-saving Objective: Creative, cultural, innovative they hide above the enormous ovens Brücklmaier’s bakery is a business he uses up to 20% less energy than stable environment, and consequently technologies. location and work in secret: the heat accumu- with tradition. Since 1883, the family other bakeries. Eco-Benefit lators. The exhaust air of the furnaces has sold bread and cakes; the 45-year However, in order to be and remain Objective: Power of attraction and warms up circulating water, and the old Brücklmaier has been managing Brücklmaier immediately reinvests attractive as a city, it needs more than sustainability energy generated is used to heat the the operation since the beginning of most of his savings, for instance, in just preserving the competitiveness of facility and to supply it with warm wa- the 1990s. And he is keeping up with better insulation of the cooling sys- the economic and university location. ter. The heat accumulators required the times. In 1998, he was asked tems. However, for him this is not The city’s attractiveness, clearly reflec- for that, are, of course, not cheap, but whether he would like to participate only about increased profits, not for in the “Ökoprofit” initiative and since a long time: “We now also changed then he has saved a lot of money. The over to 100% ecological energy”, he additional work he has to cope with adds. Purely operationally, he gained because of that is comparable to the nothing from that. “I just cannot say: heat accumulator situation: At some I run an “Ökoprofit” company and point you hardly notice if anymore. not live by the respective standards. I want to set a good example as well.” Every two years people can participa- / CL te in four workshops; an expert visits the facility two times, provides ad- vice, analyses, and food for thought.

424 43 / 01

/ 02

Strategic Guideline Lead Project / 01 New Building under own management: Building societies and groups / 02 Lively The popular meeting point Café Rigoletto / 03 Diverse / 02 Children at a locally organised ballet class High Quality Ackermann- / 03 and Character- bogen Whether Maxvorstadt, Schwantha- dense network of cycle tracks, car A city quarter full of lerhöhe, Giesing or Ramersdorf: Each sharing and good access to the quar- quarter of Munich has its unique istic Urban ters’ leisure and cultural offers – all commitment characteristics with high recognition this helps to protect the environment ___ value. The quarters, however, do not Spaces and contributes to the well-being of appear isolated from each other, but the citizens. For 14 years a district has In winter, children use it as sledding rather are visible parts of an integral hill; in summer, young people from whole. The second strategic guideline, When it comes to housing, an appro- been developing between the neighbourhood gather at its top. “High Quality and Characteristic Urban priate socio-spatial blend is taken into Ackermannbogen and However, the hill that is only a few Spaces” aims at strengthening these account. Munich hereby uses different Schwere-Reiter-Straße that meters away from Ackermannstrasse, individual quarters and their residential measures including advancement in fact is much more than that. Under structure in their respective form. limited in Munich, for instance. The programmes, such as the München brings the terms “High its grass surface it hides a state-of- city has nevertheless set the goal to Modell or the income-oriented fun- Quality” and “Characteristic” the-art energy centre that supplies However, there are many obstacles relieve the housing market as much ding (EOF), the allocation of urban to life: Committed residents 319 houses with heat – to provide only to consider here; the space availab- as possible and to keep flats affordab- spaces to building societies, building one example, how quality of life and le for new city complexes is highly le. The more housing complexes are communities and rental housing on use the new free spaces modern know-how are interconnected built, the more important it becomes a conceptual basis. In principle, the that were once provided by at Ackermannbogen. to also create sufficient green areas new quarters are implemented in line the city. / 03 and other open spaces. High Quality, with a 50-50 solution: 50% funded The project that was initiated by the Projects in the context of mixed-use quarters and settlements housebuilding (20% München Modell, state capital in 2003 is called “Solar- this guideline: with attractive open spaces and short 30% EOF), 50% privately financed powered district heating Ackermann- distances are promoted this way – the construction (30% thereof as rental bogen” and is still quite new in its Traffic development plan objective being a meaningful blend housing on conceptual basis). kind, but already at that time blended Between two renovated rows of Objective: Guaranteeing and improving mobility for everyone of living, shopping, work and leisure. well into this quarter with its pionee- houses much more is happening than Attractive green areas with their nu- Munich attaches importance to quality ring spirit. One could almost say that the weekly market. There are evening Strategic spacial management merous possibilities as places to meet in urban construction, whether in its a new form of cohabitation has deve- concerts, e.g., or flea markets for Objective: Future-oriented settlement structures by qualified internal development people, to do sports or to simply rest city centre or at the outskirts. These loped there, a neighbourhood that is children. using the Ackermannbogen as example are important experience areas that qualities take into account the history no longer searching for its match, but positively shape the overall image of a of the respective site and are advan- that has found it. The about 40 hecta- It is the residents who give life to the Future of the Olympiapark city as well. ced with new, courageous impulses re area of the former Waldmann and innovative settlement model that was Objective: Developing the park into a central sports and event venue, protecting the high at the same time. Thanks to competi- Stetten barracks, called Ackermann- launched by the city council in 2000. architectural and landscape-shaping qualities In line with the principle “Compact, tions and public discourses, an above bogen, is inhabited by people who Driving force is the Ackermannbogen and its accessibility as recreation area for Urban, Green”, a healthy urban climate average quality level is consequently organise their quarter on their own, at e. V. association. One of its project all population groups – in the truest sense of the word – is achieved – as illustrated by the examp- least to a great extent. This includes groups is now planning the “Stadt- to develop at the same time: Building le on the next page. co-operative housebuilding societies acker”, a 1,000 m² public garden just structures blending in with the land- or a citizens' forum that considerably opposite the popular Café Rigoletto. scape, noise protection, the use of participates in future planning. Among About 100 volunteers will plan, plant renewable energies, an increasingly other venues, common rooms can be and weed together there in the next rented at the Rosa-Aschenbrenner- two years. The opening might coincide Bogen. There are dozens of different with the completion of the fourth and programme items, such as fitness last construction section – over 6,500 training, children’s ballet or a weekly people of the most diverse origin, market – everything completely in- income and age groups will then live dependently organised by the neigh- here. / CL bourhood. Yet another example of the innovative multiple use of the living environment is the “Kulturpassage”.

44 45 / 01

/ 02

Strategic Guideline Lead Project

Local Education Management Insight into an

education restaurant / 02 in Munich’s north / 03 Caring and ___ Committed The project aims at offering The urban education restaurant at Urban as many different access Linkstrasse is contact point for all the An important premise is: No one is Another objective is the “healthy” people intending to educate themsel- left behind in Munich. With the guide- city. Munich stands for a health care possibilities to education and ves. The fact that the facility is directly line “Caring and Committed Urban Society system that meets demands, while advanced training measures nestled between a supermarket and Society” the state capital intends to taking into account the needs of indivi- as possible, above all to less an old housing complex is no coinci- contribute to a better integration of dual groups and guaranteeing access dence. “Many people exclusively live disadvantaged groups, thus promoting to everyone. A certain age, gender, privileged and disadvantaged in this quarter. I know young people social and cultural mobility within the social origin, handicap, sexual identity, people. How flexibly and who have never been at Marienplatz” city in the context of a responsible co- view of the world or religion are not to pragmatically the employees says Dagmar Koblinger, the local operation. After all, the consequently prevent individuals from participating education manager. It is thus vital / 03 resulting cooperation and dynamics in social life. Munich thus promotes proceed, is illustrated by the that educational offers are installed holds great potential for innovations for the principle of equal opportunities and following example. here, on-site. In addition to the Ha- all parties involved. A vital instrument reduction of discrimination in every senbergl education restaurant, which hereby is the educational offer which respect. opened in October 2010, there are / 01 Extra tuition in turn contains cultural education and Munich’s education restaurants have already others at Schwanthalerhöhe, Iraqi mothers are getting to grips with the advanced training, as well as lifelong turned into an important platform for in Neuaubing and Neuperlach. More German alphabet at the education restaurant learning. In the concrete case it can those looking for assistance and into will follow – the facilities are highly / 02 Pin wall also simply be about providing food social and cultural competences are an established point of contact in the successful. Desires are manifold for thought. When a family comes to to be strengthened, creative participa- respective quarters – not only, but pre- / 03 At the heart of the quarter Projects in the context The education restaurant at Linkstrasse Munich, for instance, it is important to tion is expressly desired – everyone is of this guideline: dominantly for citizens with migration “We want to convey the message initially offer support with learning the to be enabled to unfold their potential background. And not least, because that education is something wonderful language and outlining the educational at a personal level as well as by co- Local education management much is offered here; from assistance and fun”, says Koblinger. That often However, Koblinger also organises system (see to article on the right). designing their city with constructive Objective: Fair, cosmopolitan and with homework, all the way to organi- succeeds with purposeful cooperati- many things herself. The Munich This integrative educational assistance ideas. future-oriented education sing an own art exhibition. on, like the one with the cultural inter- Symphonic Orchestra already played accelerates the process of personal Social City programme preters that schools can request from at the Hasenbergl thanks to her initia- development of each individual and Citizens’ cooperation when it comes Objective: Strengthening areas through The following scene is quite typical: Caritas to mediate between teachers tive, while young people were offered thus helps to exploit their economic to urban development issues and civil- urban development Late morning, two women from Iraq and parents. For example after contro- the chance to make handbags for an innovative strength faster. society-oriented commitment helps Physicians promoting health preven- are joined at a large table of the Hasen- versies, where not just translating, but exhibition in the Bavarian National to ensure that the city is developed tion in schools focusing on secondary bergl education restaurant. Both are also explaining the cultural background Museum. However, daily life at the Starting aid in the form of learning incorporating the needs of its citizens. schools equipped with pencils and are tracing can help to eliminate misunderstan- education restaurants is particularly assistance and tutoring is needed in This is also why the identification of Objective: Promoting quality of life letters. They are getting familiar with dings. The education restaurant wants about black on white, about home- many situations. But in principle, the its inhabitants with their quarters is so the German alphabet. It is handy that to make these projects public and work and application documents, i.e. city of Munich prompts its citizens important. they can bring their children along, promote them. about facilitating access to the local to generate more individual initiative: who are playing and looking over their education system for the socially less Individual development as well as mothers’ shoulders from time to time. privileged and people with migration background.

Various volunteers, among them also teachers from surrounding schools, here use their time to support guests – entirely in line with the guideline “Caring and Committed Urban Society”. / CL

46 47 / 01 10th Plenum event June 2013 Christian Ude’s farewell as a sponsor and founding father

/ 02 Key issues The partners of the Inzell initiative are interconnecting various modes of transport

/ 01 / 02 Strategic Guideline Lead Project

and processes and, where possible, ment as well as road safety since the to adapt them. When resorting to the Inzell Initiative 1980s, to improve and effectively example of the traffic issue, the neces- An interview with traffic secure individual and infrastructural Foresight and sity of regional cooperation becomes mobility. Today, more than ever, we particularly visible. Mobility needs of manager Martin Keil, regard networking the vehicle with its Cooperative an increasing population that in Munich BMW Group environment as central necessity for Urban development planning means and its surrounding region will conti- ___ efficient traffic and mobility in urban planning on a long-term basis and Management nue to once again increase by about areas. The Inzell initiative offers BMW identifying problems as early as pos- 400,000 people by 2030 can only be Group an outstanding platform to sible. The guideline “Foresight and mastered by close cooperation within implement the required exchange in Cooperative Management” thus aims the entire metropolitan region. According to many experts discussions with administration repre- at taking up the many cross-sectional sentatives, politicians, traffic resear- issues at an early stage and looking When it comes to sustainable ecology Munich is facing immense chers and city developers contributing into the question of how the most concepts, Munich is setting a good challenges when it comes to the development of modern city important goals can be achieved, not example. In the context of an inter- to the traffic issue. A lack of traffic concepts with its know-how only in the short term, but also on a national development cooperation, and resources. The limited space issue is a problem long-term basis in cooperation with the state capital hence contributes to space, increasing population, in the densely populated city of other stakeholders. Important cross-sectional issues whe- improving living conditions elsewhere and the prospering economy According to its website the Inzell Munich. Experts are thus demanding re Munich intends to assume a pionee- in the world to reduce causes for suf- – this does not match the Forum particularly focuses on dis- a clear containment of motor traffic. ring role are among others, protecting fering and forced migration. cussions and plenum workshops. Which solutions does BMW see for the ecological system, gender equality, desire for freely flowing traf- Has this already turned into some- this conflict? Projects in the context inclusion of handicapped people in all Tackling problems at an early stage fic. The Inzell initiative that thing concrete for Munich? of this guideline: KEIL: In the Inzell initiative we advocate areas of life as well as the implemen- and finding solutions by cooperating – was launched by BMW and tation of an intercultural integration the Inzell Initiative, a joint initiative of KEIL: Inzell has always been a highly the motto “Cooperation instead of The Munich Employment and concept. BMW and the state capital of Munich the state capital of Munich implementation-oriented initiative and restriction”. In our opinion, the objec- Qualification Programme to discuss traffic-related problems in 1995 understands itself as can show a number of very concrete tive must be ensuring mobility for all Objective: Safeguarding and promoting successes, such as the deregulation citizens without restrictively reacting employment and economic prosperity Here it makes sense, of course, to together, sets a good example here. ensure that the urban departments col- After all, without new concepts motor interdisciplinary think tank. of parking sign-posting by introducing to individual mobility needs. We are www.muenchen.de – Munich’s portal laborate well. Often, also cooperating traffic would significantly impair the the blue zone in the city centre or the convinced that a sustainable urban Objective: Using new media opportunities; with other stakeholders, for example quality of life of Munich’s residents in Mr Keil, which goals does a global conceptual design and introduction of traffic system can only be based on improving basic services, public access, promoting media competence and media municipalities from the region, national light of the increasing pressure caused player pursue with such intensive the parking space management sy- a cooperation of motor vehicles, pu- economy and international associations, citizens, by growth. local commitment? stem. Beyond that it provided valuable blic transport, as well as bicycle and the business sector or initiatives and support when launching research pro- pedestrian traffic. Together with our Regional space management KEIL: The view into our mobile future jects like ‘MOBINET’, ‘Arrive’ or at the partners from other traffic sectors we Objective: Improving cooperation in the social bodies, is a vital component in region; strengthening competitiveness the search for solutions for the various constantly requires consistent analysis very moment with the project ‘Model are already working on an improved of the economic area challenges. The city hereby attaches and evaluation of trends with regard to quarters for sustainable mobility’. A networking of existing offers. The particular importance to partnership- mobility and traffic development. The good example is the car sharing issue. great success of car sharing offers based cooperation and strives to as- BMW Group has already researched It was the constant exchange within also shows that mobility needs have sess its own administrative structures the areas of traffic use, traffic manage- the partner organisations that allowed changed. Especially younger people the rapid mutual understanding of re- see it as an improvement of their qua- quirements on part of all stakeholders lity of life to be able to spontaneously in the first place. select the respectively suitable means of transport matching their individual mobility need. This development also holds great potential for the parking space issue. / ME

48 49 Strategy | Thematic Guidelines

Guideline 1 Guideline 5 Guideline 11 Guideline 14 New Safeguarding and promoting Creating future-oriented Safeguarding Munich’s leisure Education in Munich – fair and Guideline “Social Affairs” and recreational value by future-proof, metropolis-ori- employment and economic residential structures through How can population groups be supported offering varied facilities to ented and cosmopolitan prosperity qualified inner-city development – that are negatively affected by Munich’s different target groups Department of Labour and “Compact, Urban, Green” Department of Education and Sports dynamic growth, and how can the Economic Development Department of Urban Planning Department of Urban Planning, ➽ Local education management cooperation among members of its urban Department of Education and Sports, ➽ Ökoprofit – Sustainable management society be strengthened? ➽ Central railway areas between Main Station – Department of Arts and Culture ➽ InForM – Information by and for people with benefits Laim – Pasing with migration background ➽ ➽ The future of Olympiapark The Munich “Gewerbehofprogramm” – ➽ Munich’s green belt ➽ Implementing Munich’s promotion Creating commercial-industrial parks ➽ Fröttmaning’s leisure landscape formula within the area of day care ➽ Kreativquartier, Neuhausen – Nymphenburg ➽ The Munich Employment and Qualifica- facilities tion Programme (MBQ)

New Guideline 15 Guideline “Smart City Guideline 2 Guideline 6 Guideline 12 Health – meeting challenges, Munich” Improving cooperation in Preserving Munich’s cityscape – Strengthening culture − creating creating perspectives, Illustrates how the systematic use of the region – strengthening promoting new architecture promoting quality of life scope for innovation and ex- information and communication as well the competitiveness of the Department of Urban Planning perimentation; dealing with Department of Public Health and as of resource-protective technologies economic area our cultural heritage, cultural Environment can help mastering the transition to a Department of Urban Planning, memory and international ➽ Health in the districts of the “Social City” post-fossil fuel dependent society in the st Department of Labour and Economic cultural developments ➽ Physicians promoting health prevention at 21 century. Development schools focusing on primary schools Department of Arts and Culture ➽ Regional spacial management Overview of ➽ The National Socialist Documentation Centre the 16 Thematic ➽ Cooperation between the municipal libraries Guideline 7 and Munich’s adult education centre Maintaining and improving Guidelines Guideline 16 Guideline 3 mobility for all – city-compatible Should you be after more detailed traffic management Munich – city of knowledge information: Safeguarding social harmony Department of Urban Planning Department of Labour and Economic The supplement “Guiding principle and through social local government Development Guidelines of Perspective Munich” as well as ➽ Traffic development plan additional information on the guidelines can policies Guideline 13 ➽ Improving cooperation between be accessed here as well: ➽ Promoting local mobility universities and the city Department of Urban Planning, ➽ Gscheid Mobil – Mobility management Supporting children and Department of Social Services Guideline 10.1 ➽ Marketing concept for Munich as City families − making Munich more of Knowledge ➽ Action programme “Living in Munich” Developing ecological standards and family-friendly ➽ Munich integration concept safeguarding natural resources Department of Social Services Department of Urban Planning, ➽ Child and family-friendly living Department of Public Health and Environment ➽ Work and family: Innovative ways to a new organisation of working hours ➽ Soil protection concept ➽ Development of cross-department indicators ➽ Ground-water protection concept Guideline 4 Guideline 8 to identify and evaluate measures on child www.muenchen.de/perspektive ➽ Development of the Bauzentrum and family friendliness in Munich Strengthening neighbour- Securing social cohesion and hoods by developing districts citizen safety through local

Department of Urban Planning, security, social, educational and Department of Social Services cultural policies The “Social City” programme ➽ Department of Public Security and Order Guideline 10.2 Ecology – climate change and climate protection

Department of Urban Planning, Guideline 9 Department of Public Health and Environment Profiting from opportunities ➽ Munich’s climatic green belt The thematic guidelines of Perspective Munich comprise specialised target state- offered by new media – promoting ➽ Strategy for the determination of flood areas ments. Contents are prepared under the aegis of the technically responsible basic services, public access, ➽ 100% green energy for Munich’s private households (2015) departments in the context of an integrated, inter-departmental work process. After media skills and the media industry a complex participation process of the public they are approved by the city council Manageial Board ➽ www.muenchen.de – Munich’s portal and are then mandatory for further development of specific measures and pro- ➽ Information technology for administrative grammes for their implementation. integration – ZIMAS and geo data pool The lead projects represent “the laboratories“, they show in exemplary manner, how the goals formulated in the strategic and thematic guidelines can be converted and optimised in practice.

50 51 Hot spots for Action

In some Munich districts, the need for action is particularly great. Small-scale potentials and opportunities, but also challenges and risks are concentrating here. Ten hot spots of urban change were summarised in the action area concept of Perspective Munich, in order to dedicate special attention to these areas. By bundling competences − across all city departments and districts − optimal conditions are created to fully exploit the potentials of the guidelines and to improve the development opportunities on-site. ___

52 53 Programme areas Development of social and cultural infrastructure

S Social City Culture

D Municipal monument conservation Sports

E Neighbourhood Education development

B Education in the neighbourhood (BildungsLokal) Development of green areas Settlement development Agricultural cooperation Predominantly living Important plans Predominantly working and projects

Mixed-use area

Regional cooperation Important traffic projects Action areas

Network of bicycle paths

Road network

Public transportation network

54 55 On-site | Designing with Care

The Action Area concept of Perspective Munich Designing Freiham – Neuaubing – Pasing – Westkreuz with Care The goals formulated in Perspective Lively neighbourhoods on the old and new outskirts of town Munich for the entire city are put in On the western outskirts of Munich, a new neighbourhood is being cre- concrete terms in the action areas and ated with Freiham which offers housing and a sustainable infrastructure for people of different lifestyles and situations. Expansion of the public are provided with appropriate imple- transportation system as well as the planned extension of the U5 to mentation strategies. Individual acti- Pasing and the tram to Freiham improve accessibility and open up oppor- vities of the specialized departments tunities for new housing, working, shopping and social infrastructure in are getting a framework that helps the neighbouring areas. In new construction as well as in existing buildings the focus will lie on energy efficiency. Other points of interest will be departments concerned to develop a landscape protection as well as maintaining and improving the recreation- common understanding of the plans al aspects at the outskirts of town in coordination with the neighbouring for each specific area. The instruments municipalities. of the different specialized departments and plans must here be interconnected in order to achieve bundling Romanplatz – Laim – Ratzingerplatz effects between specialized programs and large investments, and to utilize Centres and public areas along the western tram tangent Even in a city like Munich, and thus to identify special potentials synergy effects. Targeted use of in- With the planned expansion of the public transportation system, Around the Ostbahnhof – and challenges. However, from area- vestments, the acquisition of subsidies connectivity for neighbouring municipalities on both sides of the not all areas have developed western tram tangent will be improved; there will be opportunities Ramersdorf – Giesing related bundling alone, an idea of the as well as the continuation and perma- for more attractive streets and plazas as well as for high-quality at the same breath-taking objectives in any individual urban area nent adoption of support programmes densification of existing housing. Re-purposing commercial space Urban housing near the city centre can only be gathered indirectly. that are running or expiring are further (e.g. the industrial park Obersendling) allows in addition for the In the context of the extensive re-organisation of commercial into housing areas speed. City areas with certain positive effects. development of new mixed and urban residential districts. By and the subsequent densification there are large potentials for improving urban potentials are therefore in densifying urban construction and with the associated increase construction quality around the Ostbahnhof and in parts of Ramersdorf and Giesing. In June 2013, the City Council reques- in population new impulses are given for the development and the focus of diverse interest ted the Department for Urban Planning The interdisciplinary and integrated qualitative improvement of the social infrastructure − specifically Next to energy-efficient urban renewal in existing housing and new construction and Building Regulation to further approach is the main feature of the with regard to education. this also includes the development of green areas and the renewal of existing groups. develop the action area approach. new instrument of the action areas. parks. Green areas contribute to a considerable extent to better inter-connection When creating action area concepts, This approach contributes to a co- of existing and new settlement structures. A further goal is the maintenance and The city administration is responsib- the goal pursued is connecting super- operative administration and planning the promotion of diversity and social stability in the neighbourhoods through need- based development of the social infrastructure (e.g. day care centres and schools) le for ensuring that changes in the ordinate strategic planning with actual culture and facilitates the reconciliati- and measures for integration and education (e.g. the project “Integration macht neighbourhoods are implemented so implementation on-site, in order to on of diverse interests as well as the Schule im Quartier” or opening a “BildungsLokal”). In addition, the quality of living sensibly that character and identity of serve as a basis for locally individual conversion of the urban guidelines on busy streets is to be improved, in particular by noise protection measures. the neighbourhood remain intact and but integrated city and neighbourhood in the different parts of the city. In the quality of life is increased for all. development. practice, experiences from other mu- For the administration this poses very nicipalities are to come in as well. To specific challenges in each individual Starting point of the considerations for mention, for example, the Berlin ap- area of the city. While in one place the action areas is an exact analysis of the proach of “Aktionsräume Plus, Trans- need to retain affordable housing is development dynamics for a specific formationsräume”, or Hamburg’s important, another place may require area, with its most important challen- “Rahmenprogramm Integrierte Stadt- the extension of public transportation ges, risks, potentials and opportunities. teilentwicklung – RISE”, but especially Messestadt – Riem – Trudering or is in urgent need of schools and kin- Measures, projects, and ideas which the example of Vienna, where the so- Merging old and new urban structures dergartens. Most often, however, a bit are either planned, being implemented called “Target Areas” were introduced In the last few years, the eastern outskirts underwent of everything is needed. The concept at moment or already exist, are here in urban development. substantial changes in urban construction and popula- of the action areas with its integrative regarded as a whole. Differences and tion structure when the Messestadt was constructed. Here social interaction of the population groups approach − beyond subject-specific inter-relations within the area are also Munich’s northeast should be strengthened and the new settlement limits − is an important instrument for to be shown and put in connection S8 tunnel, underground extension, structures be better connected with neighbouring mu- implementing the offers as quickly as with each other. Estimating reciprocal housing construction and landscape nicipalities. In the older parts, the development of the possible. effects of neighbouring activities as protection social infrastructure and the revaluation of the centres are to improve the identification with the neighbour- well as possible radiating effects on In view of its large settlement area potential, hoods. By further re-aligning the Riemer Park, a new City areas where plans and projects the environment is a further concern. Munich northeast becomes mid- to long-term green centre for the Messestadt and Trudering can are bundled and overlapping are of From this analysis the objectives and quite important as a new housing location. be created. Therefore, the activation of house-building special importance for urban develop- target measures for a time frame of reserves under simultaneous landscape ment and the implementation of five to ten years are to be defined. In protection and maintenance of important local guidelines. The action area approach this way, custom-made area-specific recreation opportunities are a central concern. has been developed in the context of action- and decision-oriented concepts Prerequisite for any adequate settlement development is upgrading the social and traffic updates to Perspective Munich. In the are being created with concrete im- infrastructure. Inter-connecting the neighbour- first place, action areas mainly have plementation steps, a schedule and a hoods requires improving the road network the function of revealing interdiscipli- clear definition of competences. and public transportation (e.g. building the S8 nary focal areas of urban development tunnel, extension of the U4, and/or the tram).

56 57 On-site | One out of Ten!

Neuperlach One Integrated living, new centre, and innovative educational provisions With the reorganisation of the centrally located Hanns Seidel square in Neuperlach, a lively, mixed-functional neighbourhood centre can develop which will noticeably improve this public area and which strengthens the identification with the district. Connected with this are out of opportunities for the creation of affordable housing and the promotion of socially mixed structures. Of great importance is the inter-linking of the topics of education, integration and neighbourhood development. Offers like Action areas are not only the “Local Education Management with Local Education areas with special problem Consulting” (BildungsLokal) make an important contribution in this respect. This way, better education equali- situations, but also parts of Ten! Between Kunstareal and Olympiapark ty can be provided and the cooperation of local the city with outstanding Art, science, culture, creativity, living, sports and education participants promoted. The large housing recreation in the urban context estate provides furthermore great potentials for energy- development potentials and saving refurbishment. The planned restructuring of the Olympic park environment and opportunities that are to the Dachauer Straße offers an unusual opportunity to newly arrange and utilize large areas in the city. This includes the be exploited in the interest development of a new city neighbourhood in which living and creative working are interconnected (creative quarter). A further goal is of the entire municipality. the protection and improvement of the existing cross-neighbour- The area around Ostbahn- hood free space and green area system around the Olympic park. In addition, there is the further development of the sports, leisure Between Milbertshofen hof − Giesing − Ramersdorf and cultural offers which are important for the entire city. and Freimann is characterised both by its Living, working, education and sports high development dynamism in Munich’s north and by its higher need for By re-purposing former barracks and commercial the main topical areas of living, traffic, this includes the extension of the areas (e.g. Bayernkaserne, Funkkaserne) new city action, requiring special care education and social issues. Examples greenway system and the renewal of districts are emerging in Munich’s north. With the and an integrated approach to mention are the newly constructed existing parks, which will contribute to extension of the Research and Innovation Centre Werksviertel at the Ostbahnhof, the better interlinking of existing and new (FIZ) by BMW, the technology location Munich is by different participants. further strengthened. This requires future-oriented re-organisation of the town centre of settlement structures. A further goal is traffic ways and an extended social infrastructure Ramersdorf as well as the revaluation the maintenance and promotion of so- beyond district limits. Apart from specific educa- Monitoring by the Department of Social of the district centre Giesing and the cial stability in the districts through the tional offers like the BildungsLokal Hasenbergl, Services reveals that large parts of the redevelopment and new construction need-based development of the social this includes other new education facilities giving encouragement for qualification. Sports is of great action area are identified as areas with measures of the urban housing compa- infrastructure (e.g., day care centres Allach-Untermenzing importance for integration. Further topics are se- very high or high “social challenges”. nies in Ramersdorf. In addition, there and schools) as well as measures for curing the existing and developing new commercial The education monitoring of the De- are new locations for schools, and pro- integration and education. There are High quality development on the areas, as well as designing the landscape (e.g. partment for Education and Sports as jects to re-arrange the current traffic furthermore potentials for improving outskirts of town heath areas) in cooperation with the neighbouring municipalities. well shows up difficult frame conditi- flows. For carrying out the model pro- the living quality on busy streets such This action area is defined by close interlinking of ons for larger parts of the action area. ject, the existing network architecture as Mittlerer Ring, particularly through the topics of housing and commercial areas with landscape and nature protection. By restructuring These findings are substantiated by a and the integrated approaches develo- urban development measures with commercial into housing area, large settlement district study carried out by the Depart- ped within the context of the program regard to noise protection. The deve- area potentials are opening up. The accompanying ment for Urban Planning and Building “Social City” are of advantage. Since lopment of interdisciplinary goals and population growth and the change in population Regulation where, i. a., for larger parts the subsidies for this project will run a common planning understanding for structure lead to new requirements to the urban Outskirts and Munich’s space. Challenges include the adjustment of social, of the action area an above average out in 2015, the action area approach this area as well as the accompanying technical and traffic infrastructures under considera- green belt noise pollution from traffic as well as provides new possibilities for a perma- integrated view and approach are tion and maintenance of the nature-related qualities Climate protection and recreation below average provision of green and nent adoption of the integrated action. therefore of great importance for suc- of the area, its importance with regard to the urban at the city limits open spaces were determined. cessful development. climate and its function as an important recreation In conclusion, it can be said that de- area. A relevant concern is furthermore the careful The green belt of the outskirts of Munich fulfils social and architectural merging of new and existing an important balancing function for the city Apart from the large intersections bet- velopment in coming years will show buildings. A vital impulse for Allach will come from climate and serves the citizens of Munich as an ween the findings of the departments, a special dynamics in the selected the planned new district centre at the Oertelplatz. important recreation area. These functions are the area is also characterized by a ba- area by way of larger restructuring to be maintained and strengthened. Added to lanced mix of plans and projects with (commercial to living space) and densi- that comes securing the agricultural usefulness and linking of the green areas (greenways) in different time frames − particularly in fication (living and commercial space) cooperation with the neighbouring municipali- activities, accompanied by substantial ties. A further challenge exists in improving the potentials for improving the quality of styling of the city districts on the outskirts, par- urban development. Next to energy- ticularly in the revaluation of urban construction quality and public areas. efficient urban redevelopment in exi- stent buildings and new construction,

58 59 On-site | One out of Ten!

Programme areas Development of social and cultural infrastructure Around Ostbahnhof – S Social City Ramersdorf/Berg am Laim: Culture Ramersdorf – Giesing www.soziale-stadt-rabal.de Giesing Sports www.stadtteilladen-giesing.de Education D Municipal monument conservation Important traffic projects E Neighbourhood The zoom on action area 3 shows numerous development Network of cycle tracks plans and projects with different timeframes, B Education in the Steinhausen Tram neighbourhood Road network New railway line especially in the main topical areas of living, (BildungsLokal) traffic, education and social issues. The ac- Public transportation Vogelweideplatz Settlement development network Re-structuring commercial area tion area concept requires an integrated ap- 1,300 new workplaces (8 hectares) Predominantly living Second regular line proach from all participants. Development Improvement of the S-Bahn system Predominantly working of green areas Neumarkter Strasse 4 Mixed-use area Important plans and Baumkirchner Strasse projects Re-structuring: 560 apartments social infrastructure, retail shops, ecological priority area sports Rosenheimer Strasse Redevelopment area centre ESV München-Ost (14 hectares) Newly organised bicycle traffic Innsbrucker Ring / Baumkirchner Strasse District Centre Giesing / Ramersdorf Mitte 1 Tegernseer Platz 3 Densification and redevelopment of Stabilising and strengthening estab- existing residential settlements of Paulaner premises lished commercial enterprises Former Bernbacher premises the Gewofag Re-structuring: 1,400 apartments, retail shops, Revaluing the appearance of public Re-structuring: 200 apartments Campus-Ost New noise protection walls with 50 services, social infrastructure park (9 hectares) space (1.5 hectares) School, sports, green spaces housing units on Innsbrucker Ring Re-organising the traffic flow on Four new houses with 44 apart- Tegernseer Landstrasse (feasibility study) 2 ments in passive house standard, New construction projects (e. g., Piusplatz Werksviertel former Hertie premises) Optimizing 31 apartments of an 3 Ramersdorf Mitte Promotion of local mobility in the Gies- existing high-rise, model programme ing district (path network Giesing) “Living in All Phases of Life”

Local report p. 69 Pilot project with 110 apartments for Welfenstrasse trainees and 24 apartments in the Re-structuring: 500 apartments offices, public building programme high-end commercial area, retail shops social Neue Balan Maikäfersiedlung and Revaluation and improvement of infrastructure (7 hectares) Development of commercial School complex Haldenseestrasse (GWG) green areas, support programme areas Werksviertel Führichstraße 2 “Wohngrün.de” Densification and redevelopment Renovation and District Centre Giesing/ 1,000 apartments revaluation of re-structuring 38 hectares of former For the development of the Piusplatz neighbourhood production facilities 1 Tegernseer Platz green spaces (6 hectares) district, the Gewofac obtained the culture New neighbourhood for living, 2010 award “Soziale Stadt”, and shopping, culture and recreation in 2012 the “Nationaler Preis für integrierte Stadtentwicklung und 1,400 apartments, 12,000 workplaces, Ramersdorf Town centre Baukultur” (national award for 3 hectares of green area New organisation of the integrated urban development and historic town centre New construction of primary school building culture). (feasibility study) Local report on p. 64 Local report on p. 66 Weissensee and Agfa Park Extension and revaluation Ottobrunner Strasse (10 hectares) Interior development: 800 apartments (14 hectares) Neumarkter Strasse Redevelopment area Tegernseer Landstrasse/ 4 Chiemgaustraße, Giesing Securing and developing the existing commercial area, 23 hectares

Creation of greenways and connected Agfa premises paths Re-structuring: 950 apartments Local report on p. 67 1,200 workplaces (11 hectares) Primary School Secondary School Aschauer Strasse Wohnen am Ring Weissenseestrasse Feasibility study Densification and noise Extension protection Public and private area / free areas Evaluation

McGraw Barracks Development intentions of the Free State 150 apartments, 300 workplaces /2.4 hectares)

60 61 A place to go for children Caroline Palminha, a mother of two, “Otherwise childcare benefits may On-site | One out of Ten! and young people in was on maternity leave with her perhaps not reach us”, she says. In second child in 2003, when she was the past ten years approximately 130 Ramersdorf enlisted by a social worker as a super- children visited the institution. “Many visor for the afternoon hours: “Since come again and again”, Palminha Integration and education presents a you got nothing much to do at the continues. “One boy returned when big challenge in Ramersdorf, all the moment.” And suddenly she had a he was in seventh grade and wanted more since due to the planned con- whole bunch of new children. Her elder to do an internship with us.” His next / 01 struction measures the number of daughter was already living on her visit has no good cause. The boy had children in Munich’s largest district own, and working as a market woman at messed up and wanted to do his social will increase in the long run. All the the Auer Dult had become too arduous service hours in our institution. / 02 more important are institutions like already. Years of experience were be- the “Ramersdorfer (B)Engel” run by ginning to leave their mark on the face At 5pm the last child is fetched by his Caroline Palminha and Claudia Di of the 48-year old woman with her father. Palminha collects a few toys in Lecce. In the context of a parents’ small nose piercing. At age 40 she had the yard and shuts the place up. When initiative, the two mothers created a begun studying social work, completed the children arrive on the next day at non-profit entrepreneurial company yet another training as mediator. Today around 11:30, everything will be in on 65 m² of space. she works half-day on her second job place again. / LR at the social office for immigrants in Yasin and Berkay play tag and creep Dachau. In between there is room for under the table and between Palminha’s all kinds of non-profit consulting. legs. 19 children from the primary school in Führichstraße come here Palminha has lived in Ramersdorf since on weekdays at around 11:30am, eat 1996. “I like it a lot here. It is green, together, do their homework, play, it has a village character and people tinker and enjoy the fresh air outside. watch out for each other.” The job she “The majority of the children are here is doing here goes way beyond caring With because parents know that they can- for children. As the children trust her, not help them”, says Palminha. Many their parents come as well. There is grow up under difficult conditions at a bit of self-interest involved when Facts on Ramerdorf-Perlach home: They are medially over-supplied she and her colleague do their best to Inhabitants: 108,244 Lots of and socially under-supplied. They have inform the mothers about the advan- People under age 15: 13.6% no fixed mealtimes; their parents don’t tages of integration courses, or when People with foreign roots: 30.4% speak German very well and cannot they help them applying for social Households with 3 and more people: 25% / 01 New happiness Day care centres for children: 104 Love Lillyan and Klaus Gleich on a bench at Piusplatz handle all the bureaucracy. security benefits. People above age 65 and older: 17.5% (Last updated: 31 Dec. 2013) / 02 New houses Family-friendly new buildings in passive-house standard

How a couple found a new home at Piusplatz

People When people live together, they some- Soon a friendship developed from the attractive – and affordable – for young times must master genuine challenges. coincidental meetings in the courtyard, and old. For this, gewofag was given watch out / 01 This was the case with Klaus and Klaus Gleich tells us. But for what the Integration Award 2014 by the Lillyan Gleich who can tell a love story came then, he cannot find the right government of Upper Bavaria. for each overcoming obstacles. In their case words. “I became ill”, she finally says. the urban housing company gewofag When shortly after their visit the other here helped to ensure a happy ending to the At the time, Lillyan Gleich lived on the tenant centre could offer the Gleichs a story. third floor, hard to manage for a cancer ground-floor apartment, they were not patient. At the tenant centre around very happy with the condition it was Klaus Gleich has lived for 50 years in the corner the couple put their names in. “First I said I won’t move in there. this neighbourhood. The 67-year old down for a ground-floor apartment. The apartment was pretty run-down”. is small, tanned from working in his The waiting list is long. There are many But gewofag renovated the place garden, and has a puckish smile on elderly here who have always lived in thoroughly. his face. The way Lillyan looks at him this area. “They don’t want to leave / 01 B(Engel)-Ranzen now must have been how she looked from here”, says Lillyan Gleich, adding: Last year the couple got married – The afternoon childcare service for 16 children opens at 11:30am at him when they fell in love five years “It is good, though, that younger at 66 years of age. And Lillyan Gleich’s ago. They sit in the living room of their people now come as well.” gewofag health is doing fine at present. / LR / 02 More than childcare ground-floor apartment on their white has helped quite a bit in bringing about Caroline Palminha, Head of the institution, also assists parents sofa. They had met while walking their some change: Owing to the redeve- dogs in the housing area. Next to sharing lopments, the new passive houses their year of birth, they also share a and the user-friendly green spaces, / 02 passion for dogs. this neighbourhood is now equally

62 63 Handlungsräume | Kisuaheli gofella dolores

/ 01 Standing in the door Stephanie Schmitz, chair of the WerkBox association

/ 02 Open for all who want to work under their own responsibility

/ 01 / 02

Facts on the Werksviertel

Planned commencement of construction: 2016 I grew up so freely, Net development area: 293,000 m² Estimated number of inhabitants after I want to live completion of construction: 3,100 this way as well

Her mother takes care of finances; her father builds load wheels a kind non- profit family business, so to say. “We are barely breaking even”, says their daughter, who meanwhile spends three to four days per week here. She earns her money during the remainder of the The “Kultfabrik” site is now as intermediate renters – always hoping week as a graphic artist. bed. All who sow here may also harvest. just as busy during the day as they can stay for good. “Everyone who feels like it can come,” In WerkBox3 there is a lot of improvi- says Schmitz. “But the more people it is at night “It all began with the fact that my father sation. The storage hall has no sanitary come, the more structure it needs.” She wanted to have a grouping of work- facilities and no proper heating. So water barely gets through organising the asso- Stephanie Schmitz has paint on her shops – a proper craftsman centre like it tanks were set up for the small common ciation. But this is not so important here. fingers. The 28-year old woman stands in former times”, says Schmitz. Her fa- kitchen. And in the winter, wood chips “I grew up so freely and independently, I at the screen printing machine and dips ther Detlef would say now that this is all from the neighbouring carpenter's work- want to live this way as well”, she says. a spatula into the viscous mess. For about social networking. About helping shop provide for a little warmth from “And we do wish that other people ask two years now, the WerkBox3 on the each other and exchanging expertise. the large wood furnaces. WerkBox3 themselves the questions: What should cult factory premises near Ostbahnhof “We want to give people free space he- tenants Manuel and Markus are current- my world look like? How do I want to has been the second home of the petite re”, says Schmitz and guides us through ly working on a plasma TV set. “Don’t live and work?” She approves of the graphic artist. Storage halls, industrial the 400 square meters large hall. Work touch! That could give you a bad electric future plans for the cult factory site. Until buildings and fallow lands spread out benches stand between machines for shock”, cries out Manuel. They met in 2018 they may remain on the premi- with morbid charm over altogether 38 metal and wood working. Along the wall WerkBox3 and manage the RepairCa- ses. Schmitz doesn’t know whether hectares. Once lauded as ”Europe’s boxes in three different sizes are stac- fé, where every first Thursday in the WerkBox3 is an intermediate project or largest party area”, the”Kultfabrik” now ked – they give the project its name. month efforts are made to save broken a permanent professional enterprise, but attracts completely new target groups. Stephanie Schmitz, chair of the asso- equipment from the recycling yard. Just she hopes to get a place for her project Next to the temptations for night owls ciation, explains: “People can rent space now an elderly couple brings a broken in the new district as well. If it doesn’t there are more and more options offered in the open workshop, starting from 80 toaster. Working as a Team, Manuel and work out, the journey continues. They for sports, creative people and families. Euros per month. Everyone gets a box.” Markus take it apart. In the lovable dis- do learn to improvise, after all. / LR Once the new housing development The size can be chosen freely. In the box order there are cosy niches everywhere Werksviertel with approximately 1400 one can stow away all that which one outside on the terrace or on a bench new apartments, offices, hotels and would not like to exchange with others: next to the entrance, where just now parks is finished, the former premises of tools, plans or the object one works on.” two Repair-Café visitors got themselves Pfanni will be a modern neighbourhood established. for living and working in the middle of “We provide the space, the machines the city. Until this point is reached, crea- and part of the materials we organise A few steps further, a small urban tive people like Stepahnie Schmitz act from somewhere”, says Schmitz. garden has been established on a raised

64 65 We call it On-site | One out of Ten! Living Space / 01

About art and everyday life in functional rather than beautiful. But on a business park the other hand, there is no competition Facts on Obergiesing / for space in Streitfeldstraße. Unlike Fasangarten Streitfeldstraße 33 – a front and a back in the Glockenbachviertel, stimulating Inhabitants: 51,599 building stand soberly in the middle of business in Berg am Laim does not Area: 571 ha, people per ha: 90 the business park. The building front is generate competition to anyone. On People with foreign roots: 29.2% composed of concrete and grey-brow- the contrary, it relieves some pressure People under 15: 11.4% Households with 3 and more persons: 18.6% nish timber panel elements. Here a from the city centre. Cultural offer: 3 lending libraries, piece of lining is missing; there cables / 01 Schau ma moi 1 movie house hang from the ceiling. True, a number The back building stood empty for Gabi Benkert at the counter of media companies have established nearly 20 years. There, artist Michael / 02 How things will turn out themselves in the area in the last Lukas has his studio. He commutes The entrance to the café from the “TeLa” couple of years, but first cultural begin- in a living area no commercial activities every day from Solln. “Streitfeldstra- nings start only now. „In Berg am Laim may take place, and a commercial area ße slowly becomes better known as a lot is going on at present, and that may not be used for living, the coope- a place of production” he says. He is important because this neighbour- rative “KunstWohnWerke” has agreed works as a painter, creates installati- hood was cut off for a long time,” says on a compromise with the administrati- ons, art in architecture, and curates. In It is also a matter Susanne Flynn. For two years now, on. “We now live in a kind of company the cooperative Lukas is part of the re- of culture in the architect has lived and worked in apartment”, says Flynn. In 2008 she sidents who assigns rooms becoming the neighbourhood the former clothes factory, together created together with 110 architects, vacant. “We attach importance to an with 50 other creative people. Here artists and musicians the cooperative academic background”, he describes she may be awakened at six in the KunstWohnWerke. In Streitfeldstrasse the selection criteria. “This means morning by trucks thundering by, but 33 there are altogether seven apart- creative people earning money with on the other hand, she finds the space ments and two guest rooms. Flynn, in their work.” Apart from that, two spon- and people who are important for her her mid-fifties, has always moved in sored studios receive money from the creative work. Separating habitation creative surroundings. Financially she city administration to give younger and working space was never easy for just manages “to make ends meet”. artists the possibility of working here. / 02 her. “We just call it: life space”, descri- Flynn wishes for more such places. bes Flynn the combination of both. In the courtyard lilac is in full bloom, Other large cities offer that already the sun shines. On the former loading long since. The cotton spinning mill in For the city administration this new ramp of the clothes factory stand two Leipzig is a prime example. The roof way of living is also a challenge. Since chairs in the sun. Everything looks terrace of Streitfeldstraße 33 offers a view over the entire east of Munich. “We want to show that one can make From Obergiesinger tenant for the “Stüberl”. One of the right atmosphere. When the retailers something even out of post-war buil- “Boazn” to cabaret café Trikont artists hinted so much to Gabi of Tegernseer Landstrasse formed dings”, says Flynn. Above Berg am Benkert. The business was in Giesing the association “TeLa aktiv” she was / 01 Laim the sky is also white and blue. / LR The café “Schau ma moi” is half-hidden and it was small enough for her to run a founding member. “It is not only a behind a curtain of ivy. From the out- it alone. matter of buying something, but also side, it looks rather private. That stops of culture in the neighbourhood. That people somehow”, says hostess, Gabi Giesing is getting younger. And just must be made clear to retailers,” she

Benkert. The small guest room on the like the neighbourhood, the Schau ma says. Benkert would like that soon only

“TeLa “, the Tegernseer Landstrasse, moi has also changed quite a bit. Pre- cyclists would be allowed on the Te- Facts on Berg am Laim is about the size of a living room, if you viously the tavern was a waiting area La. That things would be a little more

Inhabitants: 43,068 include the small beer garden. for the tramway, then a shish kebab green. And that other people as well Area: 633 ha, people per ha: 68 booth, “that is to say, a real ‘Boazn’ were so lucky with their landlords as / 02 People 65 years and older: 17.5% At the bar two regulars, both seniors, (traditional tavern)”, says Benkert. The she has been. “House owners must Cultural offers: 2 museums, 1 theatre converse. They talk about psychological only thing remaining from that time learn to think more long-term and rent (Last updated: 31 Dec 2013) problems. “Giesing has a subversive are a few regular customers. Today out to someone who is willing to run charm. One needs to get acquainted the walls are not greasy anymore, and the shop for twenty years. But money with that”, says Benkert. The young occasionally Benkert organises small makes the world go round. Giesing is and kind of wild-looking woman is an concerts or readings. The other day no different in that respect.” So the / 01 Living and working Michael Lukas and Susanne Flynn in their studio old Giesing hand. Only few grey hairs a French brass band asked whether hostess keeps her pious wish pending. betray her 53 years of age. She grew it might perhaps play. The musicians She walks past the brother and sister / 02 Streitfeld The cooperative Kunst/Wohn/Werke uses a former up in this neighbourhood and has her took place in the beer garden, got Scholl, Therese Giehse, Oskar Maria clothes factory roots in it. Once she had intended to something to eat and drink, and then Graf and Karl Valentin. Their portraits study psychology, but then the restau- started with their concert. Was there hang in the left corner. / LR rant business came in between. In the still place for an audience? “They back of the the Schau ma moi yard stand outside on the sidewalk of the resides the independent record label TeLa, when it is too crowded. And Trikont. Its boss, Achim Bergmann, is the occasional passer-by gets hooked the owner of the building complex. as well”, says Benkert. She is a go- 17 years ago he was looking for a new getter and has a good nose for the

66 67 Dear citizens of Munich,

Munich, June 2015 Green roofs, where radish grows, a Leopoldstrasse that allows you, just like in an Autodrome, to showcase how nice it can be to celebrate the joy of driving with the stylish cars of a past era, and super-fast autonomous transport services that optimally combine the best public transport features with individual interests, have become an integral part of the cityscape. What will the city look like in a hundred years' time? Is it currently possible to develop viable visions of the future in the first place – in Above all, however, public space is once again moved into focus. Where virtual a time where economic and social structures are comprehensively influenced by worlds help us to better organise our daily life, spaces will be created, allowing the digital revolution? Or are “all lessons learned” and has the "smart city” become fresh interaction and generating a new desire to meet other people in the city. inevitable already? The transformation is already in full swing, everyone wants to participate in their city and nobody is willing to surrender it to pure consumption and commercialism. While great visions used to be developed by writers and intellectuals with extensive Munich has great potentials that are worth developing a design for; it all depends lead times, such as by Jules Verne with his futuristic novel of 1863 “Paris au XXe siècle” on the individual user's perspective. In this sense, Perspective Munich is a joint (Paris in the Twentieth Century), which looking back should prove to be true to an “design thinking” endeavour. amazing extent, we today often have the feeling that tomorrow’s future is already yesterday’s news. The half-lives of the digital age put our current approaches to the test. Best regards Why is it nevertheless worth thinking about future prospects for urban development? Firstly, the city has and materializes in real space that we, after all, still use on a daily basis.

- Secondly, the city concept creates visual identities that allow access from an emo Prof. Dr (I) Elisabeth Merk tional perspective. Head of Department of Urban Planning

Thirdly, the city allows social integration through real human encounters.

We will only have become smart once we have taken the right decisions for the future – and these are worth being put up for discussion! This is why I would like to use this opportunity to express my gratitude to everyone who has been involved in the process of creating Perspective Munich. At the same time, we need urban coproduction of city and space, making it possible to keep our options open for further development.

Sustainability is implemented in the city districts. How do Munich's citizens intend to live and work and how do they want to organise their housing? Those questions will continue to be the key issues for generations.

68 69 Imprint

Published by: City of Munich Department of Urban Planning and Building Regulation Blumenstrasse 31 80331 Munich www.muenchen.de/plan email: [email protected]

Project Management: Dina Strasse, PlanTreff

Perspective Munich: Herbert Folda, Angelika Heimerl, Klaus Illigmann, Dr Andreas Peter

Conceptual Design and Editorship: textbau, Agentur für Medien und Kommunikation

Text: Marco Eisenack, Christoph Leischitz, Lisa Rüffner

Design: dear robinson, Munich

Illustration: Anna Schlecker, Heidi Kral 3D letter templates with friendly permission of Mr. Printables, mrprintables.com

Photography: Michael Tasca, Stefan Schumacher, Lion Wanner, Sebastian Gabriel, BMW Group, MVV, Tom Garrecht

Translation: Translate-ME Munich

Paper: Printed on 100% FSC paper (certified sources)

Printed by: Druckerei & Verlag Steinmeier GmbH und Co. KG