ARC Code S Science Highlights, 03.26.2021
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SCIENCE HIGHLIGHTS 26 March 2021 Code S Weekly Report Key Highlights Earth Science: • Ryan Spackman and Florian Schwandner met with California state agencies (CNRA, CalEPA, CDFA) and JPL to explore a more coordinated science and technology response to the region’s wildfire and drought threat. • The Western Diversity Time Series (WDTS) ER-2 flights continue out of AFRC with AVIRIS (JPL) and MASTER (ARC). The team has now completed 4 science flights as well as 1 functional check flight. Space Science: Planetary Science • A dozen division scientists from SST and SSA contributed to 13 of the 24 articles in the March 1 Icarus special issue: Pluto System, Kuiper Belt, and Kuiper Belt Objects. In addition, Oliver White (SST/SETI) was on the editorial board for the issue. A full list of papers and authors is found in the publications section below. https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/icarus/vol/356/suppl/C Astrophysics • Scott Sandford (S) participated in an all-day OSIRIS-REx Sample and Curation Technical Interchange Meeting held on March 19, 2021. The purpose of this meeting was to begin the detailed coordination of the tasks associated with the curation and analysis of samples to be returned from asteroid Bennu by the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft in 2023. Dr. Sandford presented material associated with the analysis of components of the Sample Return Capsule. Astrobiology • Melissa Kirven (SSX) participated in am Artemis Moon Pod Essay Contest event in which K-12 students asked questions which were answered by a current NASA Astronaut and NASA scientists. https://www.futureengineers.org/artemismoonpodessay Space Biosciences: • Twelve Biology of Spaceflight Papers Represent Groundbreaking Work Last November, a coordinated package of 29 scientific papers on the biology of spaceflight was published in five Cell Press journals and appeared online in Cell, Cell Reports, iScience, Cell Systems, and Patterns. Among the groundbreaking work published in the Cell Press package are 12 scientific papers authored by scientists in the NASA Ames Research Center Science Directorate. Coordination of the publication of these papers was led by Drs. Afshin Beheshti (NASA Ames Research Center), Susan Bailey (Colorado State University), and Christopher Mason (Weill Cornell Medicine). Over 200 news articles were published worldwide on social media, and in newspapers and science journals. Twelve plain language summaries of these articles for the science community are now available on the NASA website. DIVISION HIGHLIGHTS IN FULL EARTH SCIENCE DIVISION HIGHLIGHTS SG Weekly Report Date: 24 March 2021 Division: SG SIGNIFICANT ANNOUNCEMENTS • Ryan Spackman and Florian Schwandner met with California state agencies (CNRA, CalEPA, CDFA) and JPL to explore a more coordinated science and technology response to the region’s wildfire threat and drought threat. Ryan Spackman presented the Earth Science Division’s core capabilities and highlighted how Ames can contribute to the urgent wildfire and drought problem.. • Diana Gentry’s proposal to the FY21 Ames Research Innovation Award (ARIA), “Constraints on Methanogenesis in a Europan Ocean Analog” was selected for funding. • The Western Diversity Time Series (WDTS) ER-2 flights continue out of AFRC with AVIRIS (JPL) and MASTER (ARC). The WDTS studies terrestrial ecosystems and provides critical information on natural disaster such as volcanoes, wildfires, and drought. The team has now completed 4 science flights as well as 1 functional check flight. The flights covered the Santa Barbara Box, Ivanpah Playa (at the border between CA and NV), and other areas in southern California. WDTS will likely extend until 31 May since aircraft maintenance and weather have caused some campaign delays. Link: https://airbornescience.nasa.gov/flight_reports/ER-2_-_AFRC_809_03_24_21 MODIS quicklook data from the 24 March WDTS flight over southern California imaged the San Gabriel Mountains with prominent fire scars from several fire seasons, including the 2019 Tick Fire, and other fires (bright yellow areas in RGB). Image oriented with north facing the top of the page. UPCOMING MEETINGS/EVENTS/CONFERENCES Date Name Who, What (location), and Time 23-25 March Space Ryan Spackman attended the plenary session on 23 March and the open 2021 Science session of the Committee on Earth Science and Applications from Week 2021 Space (CESAS) on 24 March. (virtual The event aims to discuss recent advances in space and Earth science, hear meeting) from federal agencies about upcoming projects, and explore future opportunities. Link: https://www.nationalacademies.org/event/03-23-2021/space-science- week-2021 26 March Asia Oceania Florian Schwandner attends the AOGS Annual General Meeting (AGM) 2021 Geoscience as Solid Earth (SE) Section President. Society (AOGS) The AGM is an assembly to brief the membership on the activities of the 2021 Annual society during the past year, on society finances, and to elect honorary General Meeting members. AOGS is the third largest broad international geoscience society (AGM) after AGU and EGU, and holds joint events and meetings with both. (virtual meeting) Normally the AGM is held on the last day of the annual science meeting, but due to the pandemic, it is held separately and virtually. Schwandner was elected AOGS SE section president in 2019. Link: https://www.asiaoceania.org/ AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS • N/A PROJECT MILESTONES • NASA Ames recently returned from Restricted Stage 3 to Stage 3 in the NASA Response Framework to pandemics – Staff are continuing work with adjustments in work style, focus and schedules due to the COVID-19 distancing protocols. ESPO-managed NASA airborne missions and other programs and projects at Ames are experiencing major schedule delays due to COVID-19. Ames Earth Science Division staff are focusing on data analysis, publications, proposals, and computer-aided design work. The division is actively engaged with the Science Directorate and center and with HQ on prioritizing mission-critical activities, preparing return-to-onsite-work (RTOW) implementation plans to ensure maximum personnel safety. • The ESPO-managed Convective Processes Experiment – Aerosols & Winds (CPEX-AW) international airborne investigation made the decision on 15 March 2021 to continue toward a summer deployment. ESPO is preparing a RTOW plan for center review. Travel to Puerto Rico for a site visit is planned for April. (https://espo.nasa.gov/cpex-aw) • The Sub-Mesoscale Ocean Dynamics Experiment (S-MODE) Earth Venture Suborbital-3 (EVS-3) investigation, based from Moffett Field at ARC and managed by ESPO, has received approval for RTOW at ARC. Originally delayed from fall 2020 until March/April 2021, the PI recently made the decision to further postpone the next field campaign to fall 2021. (https://espo.nasa.gov/s-mode/content/S-MODE) • The EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) international shipborne field campaign, funded by NASA SMD’s Ocean Biology & Biogeochemistry Program, with logistics managed by ESPO, is continuing to plan for a 2021 deployment out of Southampton, UK. The RTOW plan submitted for center review was approved 8 March 2021, and the logistics team is currently on travel to preparing shipments for the deployment. (https://espo.nasa.gov/content/EXPORTS) • Instrument payload readiness activities at Ames for the Asian Summer Monsoon Chemical and Climate Impact Project (ACCLIP) have also received approval for preparation for the field campaign, now planned for summer 2022 in South Korea. IIntegration flights are currently scheduled for summer 2021 on the NASA WB-57F out of Ellington Field at JSC. (https://airbornescience.nasa.gov/instrument/COMA) (https://espo.nasa.gov/acclip) • The Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) EVS-3 investigation, managed by ESPO, has received approval for RTOW at ARC. The PI recently made the decision to delay IMPACTS by one year, until the winter of 2021/22. (https://espo.nasa.gov/impacts) • The ESPO-managed Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere (DCOTSS) EVS-3 investigation, with science and instrument team members at ARC, submitted a RTOW plan for center review on 22 March 2021. (https://espo.nasa.gov/dcotss) • The Ames Earth Science Interdisciplinary Science (IDS) funded project RUMMBLE concluded a field campaign conducted by a joint team of co-I Chad Deering and students and Costa Rican researchers and students. The team successfully mapped volcanic CO2 soil gas emissions on the craters and vegetated flanks of Turrialba and Irazu volcanoes, Costa Rica, during a period of quiescence. RUMMBLE, led by Steve Broccardo, includes investigators at Ames, JPL, Caltech, Michigan Technological University (MTU), the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and collaborators in Costa Rica. The project integrates solid Earth and atmospheric science perspectives and observables to better constrain aerosol effects on CO2 retrievals of OCO-2 and OCO-3 data over dense volcanic plumes. PUBLICATIONS Publication Journal/Web link Semantic Segmentation of High Resolution Satellite Imagery Edward Collier, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, using Generative Adversarial Networks with Progressive Growing Kate Duffy, Sangram Ganguly, Geri Madanguit, Subodh Kalia, Gayaka Abstract: Shreekant, Ramakrishna Nemani, Andrew Michaelis, Shuang Li & Auroop Ganguly With increase in urbanization and Earth Sciences research into urban (2021), Semantic Segmentation of High Resolution Satellite Imagery using areas, the need to quickly