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Jagiellonian Central and Eastern Europe Jagiellonian Central and Eastern Europe Jagiellonian Central and Eastern Europe Lesson plan (Polish) Lesson plan (English) Bibliografia: Filip Kallimach, Historia o królu Władysławie, [w:] , By czas nie zaćmił i niepamięć. Wybór kronik średniowiecznych, oprac. Antonina Jelicz, red. Anna Komornicka, wybór , Warszawa 1975. Jagiellonian Central and Eastern Europe Deed of subordinaon of Prussian states to Casimir IV Jagiellon, King of Poland, and to the Kingdom of Poland Source: 1454, Polish Central Archives of Historical Records, licencja: CC 0. Link to the lesson You will learn which states were ruled by Jagiellons; why Władysław Jagiełło refused to become the king of Bohemia; what was the fate of the subsequent Union of Poland and Hungary; how and when the Jagiellonian rule in Central and Eastern Europe reached its apogee; Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie abstraktu At the beginning of the 15th century, the Jagiellons ruled Poland and Lithuania. The outbreak of the Hussite Revolution in Bohemia made it possible for them to rule another country. Offered by Hussites to Vladislaus Jagiełło in 1420, the Bohemian crown was rejected by the Polish ruler primarily for religious reasons. He himself gave up the fight for the Bohemian throne, entering into an alliance with Emperor Sigismund of Luxemburg. New possibilities in dynastic politics appeared when the male descendants of the king – Vladislaus and Casimir, were born. After the death of Vladislaus Jagiełło (1434), the Polish throne was taken over by Vladislaus (named after Vladislaus of Varna) who was also elected the king of Hungary in 1440. Casimir became the Grand Duke of Lithuania the same year. Unfortunately, the established Union of Poland and Hungary did not last long. In 1444, Vladislaus, the leader of the crusade against the Ottoman Turks died in the decisive Battle of Varna, thus ending the period of the second personal union. After his death, the Hungarian throne was taken over by Ladislaus the Posthumous Habsburg. His death in 1458 was another opportunity for Jagiellons to extend their power. Casimir Jagiellon, King of Poland and Lithuania since 1447, younger son of Vladislaus Jagiełło, began his efforts to make the way for his sons to the thrones of Bohemia and Hungary. In the end, Vladislaus Jagiellon did it, becoming the king of Bohemia in 1471 and the king of Hungary in 1490. As a result, the Jagiellons ruled a vast area of Central and Eastern Europe at the end of the 15th century, creating a real empire in Europe. Task 1 Look at the calendar of major events of Jagiellonian Central and Eastern Europe. Work out one of the presented issues with the help of the internet. Source: Jan Matejko, Marcello Bacciarelli, Master of Litoměřice Altarpiece, licencja: CC BY 3.0. Task 2 Check on the map below whether any of the countries that were in the possession of the Jagiellons have retained a similiar shape today, to that from the end of the era. European countries under the rule of the Jagiellons Source: Krysan Chariza i zespół. Exercise 1 Read the excerpt from the Story of King Vladislaus [of Varna] by Philippi Callimachi and do the exercise. Filip Kallimach “ Story of King Vladislaus A messenger sent by Cardinal Francesco arrived [to the king] with a leer and a message that a huge Turkish army had been sent to Asia against Karman, leaving Hellespont countries deserted and defenceless. The cardinal staoned his fleet on all the coasts and prevented his enemies from transferring their troops to Europe. He wrote that such an opportunity must be taken, as no weapon and no bale are needed to send this wild naon back to their country and inflict a final blow upon detestable paganism. [...] There was also a leer from the Greek Emperor [Constannople]. He added that he expects the king, as he sworn, to be more keen on resuming war when he finds out that the Turks and the Greeks were seeking an alliance. However, the emperor not only rejected their condions, but he also declared war on them. Now, he stands with his men armed to join the king at the foot of the mountains, or he will await him elsewhere if another place proves beer. One should hurry now when the enemy is torn apart by war on many fronts, broken and scaered, and has not yet gathered his army, nor has he yet come to his senses aer the last defeat. He is tormented by the thought of future defeats and not only cannot bear the blow of Vladislaus, but also cannot even stand the sound of his name [...]. Source: Filip Kallimach, Story of King Vladislaus, [w:] By czas nie zaćmił i niepamięć. Wybór kronik średniowiecznych, oprac. Antonina Jelicz, red. Anna Komornicka, Warszawa 1975. Read the text and put the events in the table in the right order. The cardinal staoned his fleet on all the coasts and prevented his enemies from transferring their troops to Europe., The Turks le Hellespont countries deserted and defenceless., The Turks were seeking an alliance with the Greeks as well. However, the emperor not only rejected their condions, but he also declared war on them., The sultan is tormented by the thought of future defeats and not only cannot bear the blow of Vladislaus, but also cannot even stand the sound of his name., Now, he stands with his men armed to join the king at the foot of the mountains, or he will await him elsewhere if another place proves beer., A huge Turkish army was sent to Asia against Karman. Cardinal Francesco Byzanne emperor Exercise 2 Match the terms with their definions. a union of at least two independent states having the same ruler, a meeng of Catholic bishops under the Pope's leadership to establish new ecclesiascal rights and regulate the doctrine of faith, a medieval armed expedion usually declared by the Pope against infidels (Muslims, herecs, but also Catholics) and pagans, a religious, social and naonal movement iniated in the 15th century by Jan Hus in Bohemia, ascension to, inheritance of monarchical power by a successor in case of death, abdicaon or under other circumstances, religious views considered contrary to the official teachings of the Church Hussism Heresy Personal union Succession Crusade Ecumenical council Keywords Jagiellons, Europe, personal union, Hussitism Glossary Hussism Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka Husytyzm – hussites – ruch o charakterze religijnym, społecznym i narodowym w Czechach zapoczątkowany w XV w. przez Jana Husa Heresy Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka Herezja – heresy – poglądy religijne, które są uznawane za sprzeczne z oficjalnymi naukami Kościoła. Pojawiały się przede wszystkim w pierwszych wiekach istnienia chrześcijaństwa (np. arianizm). W XV wieku za taki uznano ruch zapoczątkowany przez Jana Husa w Czechach. Personal union Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka Unia personalna – personal union – związek dwóch lub więcej państw posiadających wspólnego władcę przy zachowaniu odrębności państwowej. Succession Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka Sukcesja – successor to hereditary – zasada przekazywania, dziedziczenia władzy monarszej następcy w przypadku śmierci, abdykacji lub innych okolicznościach. Crusade Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka Krucjata – crusade – średniowieczna wyprawa zbrojna ogłaszana najczęściej przez papieża i prowadzona przeciwko innowiercom (muzułmanom, heretykom, ale i katolikom) oraz poganom. Ecumenical council Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka Sobór – ecumenical council – zebranie biskupów Kościoła katolickiego pod przewodnictwem papieża mające na celu ustanowienie nowych praw kościelnych i uregulowanie doktryny wiary. Lesson plan (Polish) Temat: Jagiellońska Europa Środkowo‐Wschodnia Adresat Uczniowie klasy VI szkoły podstawowej Podstawa programowa Klasa VI szkoły podstawowej IX . Złoty wiek w Polsce na tle europejskim: 4. umieszcza w czasie i opisuje najważniejsze wydarzenia w dziedzinie polityki wewnętrznej ostatnich Jagiellonów Ogólny cel kształcenia Uczeń poznaje specyfikę panowania dynastii Jagiellonów. Kompetencje kluczowe porozumiewanie się w językach obcych; kompetencje informatyczne; umiejętność uczenia się. Kryteria sukcesu Uczeń nauczy się: w jakich krajach rządzili Jagiellonowie; dlaczego Władysław Jagiełło nie przyjął korony czeskiej; o losach kolejnej unii polsko‐węgierskiej; w jaki sposób i kiedy doszło do apogeum panowania Jagiellonów w Europie Środkowo‐Wschodniej. Metody/techniki kształcenia podające pogadanka. aktywizujące dyskusja. programowane z użyciem komputera; z użyciem e‐podręcznika. praktyczne ćwiczeń przedmiotowych. Formy pracy praca indywidualna; praca w parach; praca w grupach; praca całego zespołu klasowego. Środki dydaktyczne e‐podręcznik; zeszyt i kredki lub pisaki; tablica interaktywna, tablety/komputery. Przebieg zajęć Faza wstępna 1. Prowadzący lekcję podaje temat lekcji, określa cel zajęć i wspólnie z uczniami ustala kryteria sukcesu. 2. Nauczyciel odtwarza nagranie abstraktu. Co jakiś czas zatrzymuje je, prosząc uczniów, by opowiedzieli własnymi słowami to, co przed chwilą usłyszeli. W ten sposób uczniowie ćwiczą słuchanie ze zrozumieniem. Faza realizacyjna 1. Lektura treści abstraktu. Nauczyciel wykorzystuje tekst do pracy indywidualnej lub w parach według następujących kroków: 1) pobieżne przejrzenie tekstu, 2) postawienie pytań, 3) dokładne czytanie, 4) streszczenie poszczególnych części tekstu, 5) powtórzenie treści lub przeczytanie całego tekstu. 2. Omówienie informacji
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