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LCL CRC Report Word Template Greening Urban and Suburban Travel Current situation, challenges, opportunities and emerging trends Authors Hussein Dia, Stephen Cook, Sekhar Somenahalli and John Stone Title Greening urban and suburban travel: Current situation, challenges, opportunities and emerging trends ISBN Date 30 October 2017 Keywords Low carbon mobility, disruptive transport technologies, public transport, active travel Publisher CRC Low Carbon Living Preferred citation Dia, H., Cook, S., Somenahalli, S. and Stone, J. (2017). Greening urban and suburban travel: Current situation, challenges, opportunities and emerging trends. CRC for Low Carbon Living. Greening Urban and Suburban Travel 1 Acknowledgements This research is funded by the CRC for Low Carbon Living Ltd supported by the Cooperative Research Centres program, an Australian Government initiative Disclaimer Any opinions expressed in this document are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the CRCLCL or its partners, agents or employees. The CRCLCL gives no warranty or assurance, and makes no representation as to the accuracy or reliability of any information or advice contained in this document, or that it is suitable for any intended use. The CRCLCL, its partners, agents and employees, disclaim any and all liability for any errors or omissions or in respect of anything or the consequences of anything done or omitted to be done in reliance upon the whole or any part of this document. Peer Review Statement The CRCLCL recognises the value of knowledge exchange and the importance of objective peer review. It is committed to encouraging and supporting its research teams in this regard. The author(s) confirm(s) that this document has been reviewed and approved by the project’s steering committee and by its program leader. These reviewers evaluated its: • originality • methodology • rigour • compliance with ethical guidelines • conclusions against results • conformity with the principles of the Australian Code for the Responsible Conduct of Research (NHMRC 2007), and provided constructive feedback which was considered and addressed by the author(s). © [2018] Cooperative Research for Low Carbon Living Greening Urban and Suburban Travel 2 Contents Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Disclaimer ................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Peer Review Statement ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................................................ 6 List of Figures .............................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Acronyms ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................ 10 Project Aims and Objectives ................................................................................................................................................... 10 Background .................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 Automobile City/Outer Suburbs .............................................................................................................................................. 11 Challenges ................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Rapid Urbanisation ................................................................................................................................................................. 13 Increasing number of mega-cities ............................................................................................................................................ 14 Urban growth expected to concentrate in small and medium size cities ..................................................................................... 14 Impacts on Mobility and Transport Infrastructure .................................................................................................................... 14 Future directions to successful sustainable urbanisation ........................................................................................................... 15 Road Crashes and Injuries....................................................................................................................................................... 15 Traffic Congestion .................................................................................................................................................................. 17 Emissions ............................................................................................................................................................................... 19 Ageing assets and the Infrastructure investment gap ................................................................................................................ 20 Resilient infrastructure............................................................................................................................................................ 21 Limitations of traditional approach – ‘Predict and Provide’ ...................................................................................................... 22 Opportunities ............................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Low carbon mobility .............................................................................................................................................................. 23 Planning for sustainable transport solutions ............................................................................................................................. 23 Conventional approaches versus sustainable mobility solutions ................................................................................................ 24 Summary ............................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Current trends in urban and suburban transport .............................................................................................................................. 27 Sustainability of suburban transport ........................................................................................................................................ 27 Co-benefits of sustainable transport modes .............................................................................................................................. 27 Review structure and objectives .............................................................................................................................................. 28 Trends in urban form and travel behaviour .............................................................................................................................. 28 Trends in transport mode share in Greater Melbourne .............................................................................................................. 29 Urban form and mode share .................................................................................................................................................... 31 Approaches and policies for encouraging low-carbon transport modes ..................................................................................... 32 Case Study - Monash National Employment Cluster ................................................................................................................ 34 Modelling transport mode choice ............................................................................................................................................ 37 Travel demand modelling ....................................................................................................................................................... 37 Greening Urban and Suburban Travel 3 Variables for modelling travel mode choice ............................................................................................................................. 38 Agent-based Modelling..........................................................................................................................................................
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