British Sedimentological Research Group 55th Annual General Meeting Cambridge 18th-20th December 2016 ABSTRACT VOLUME

WELCOME

Welcome to the 55 th BSRG Annual General Meeting at the University of Cambridge. This year we have the pleasure of hosting over 260 researchers representing 61 universities, companies and organisations, from 13 different countries. With 184 talk and poster presentations spread over two days, this abstract volume should help you navigate your way around the conference and Cambridge.

This booklet contains:

• Useful information and maps (p. 2-5) • Conference schedule (p. 6-17) • Keynote talk abstracts (p. 18-21) • Talk abstracts (p. 22-65) • Poster abstracts (p. 65-111) • List of delegates and affiliations (p. 112-117)

We are grateful to the following sponsors for helping to make this conference possible, in particular to BP, whose generous contribution has helped subsidise a high number of student places at the meeting:

Conference Convenors:

Neil Davies (Department of Earth Sciences) Lotty Gladstone (BP Institute) Stephen Vincent (CASP)

1

USEFUL INFORMATION & MAPS

2

Map of part of Churchill College showing locations of presentations. Open square = poster presentations; Green square = Wolfson Theatre; Red square = Jock Colville Hall; Blue square = JCR Games Room. Pink line shows access routes between the different locations. Knife-and-fork symbol shows location of Buttery (downstairs, coffee breaks) and Main Dining Hall (upstairs, breakfast & lunches). Bowler hat symbol shows main entrance to the college.

Map of Cambridge and key locations. Blue = Churchill College, Purple = CASP, Yellow = BPI, Black = St. John’s (annual dinner), Red = Sedgwick Museum (icebreaker), Green = Train station, Brown = Maypole pub (after conference dinner), Orange = Cambridge University Press bookshop

3

Internet Access

Eduroam is available at both Churchill College and the Sedgwick Museum.

At Churchill, Wi Fi is available in all public areas, meeting rooms and bedrooms. No password is required – guests should connect to the wireless network called “CHURCHILL COLLEGE”.

Internet access is also available in all bedrooms, via a wired connection for which an Ethernet cable is required. These cables can be purchased at the Porters’ Lodge for £4.00 if delegates do not have their own.

The network available to guests is a 10Mpbs (megabytes per second) broadband line, shared between the guests. There is a maximum download limit of 1GB (gigabyte) for Wi Fi and 2GB for wired access. Should this limit be exceeded, internet access will be interrupted for a 24 hour period.

Luggage Storage

Luggage can be stored during the conference in the TV Room (adjacent to the JCR Games Room in which some of the talks will take place), but the conference organisers and college take no liability for loss, theft or damage of items in the storage room.

Breakfast for delegates staying in College

Breakfast will be available in the main dining hall of the college from 07:30-08:30 each day. This is only available to delegates who have booked bed and breakfast accommodation in the college.

Information during the conference

The registration desk (in the main college concourse) will be manned by volunteers for much of the conference. If you need to contact the organisers during the conference, please use the email address [email protected].

Getting away

If you are leaving Cambridge by train, there are buses that leave from outside the college to the train station (turn right when walking out of the college main entrance, then left at the T-junction: the bus stop is on the left hand side of the road, two minutes walk from the college). The ‘U’ service, run by Whippet, costs £2 for a ticket, and leaves every 15 minutes (at 05, 20, 35, 50 minutes past the hour, until 1935) with a journey time of 19 minutes.

Taxi Numbers

Panther Taxis: 01223 715715/ 01223 424424/ 01223 523523 CamCab: 01223 704704

4

Eating & Drinking

Lunch is provided during the conference. If you are looking for somewhere to eat in Cambridge, the centre of town (20 minutes walk from college) has a wide range of options. The following is a partial list of decent pubs around the different conference venues – most of which also serve food:

Close to St. John’s (after conference dinner) 1. The Maypole, 20a Portugal Place, CB5 8AF - This is open until midnight and is a short walk from St. John’s college after the conference dinner. Close to Churchill College: 2. The Castle, 38 Castle Street, CB3 0AJ 3. The Architect, 43 Castle Street, CB3 0AH 4. The Pickerel, 30 Magdalene Street, CB3 0AF Close to the city centre: 5. The Eagle, 8 Bene't Street, CB2 3QN 6. The Mill, 14 Mill Lane, CB2 1RX 7. The Pint Shop, 10 Peas Hill, CB2 3PN 8. Cambridge Brew House, 1 King Street, CB1 1LH 9. St. Radegund, 129 King Street, CB1 1LD 10. Champion of the Thames, 68 King Street, CB1 1LN 11. The Regal (Wetherspoons), 38-39 St. Andrews Street, CB2 3AR 12. Grain & Hop Store, 69-73 Regent Street, CB2 1AB 13. The Elm Tree, 16a Orchard Street, CB1 1JT 14. The Free Press, 7 Prospect Row, CB1 1DU

5

BSRG AGM 2016 – CONFERENCE SCHEDULE

SUNDAY 18 th DECEMBER 2016

Day: Workshops & Fieldtrip

1730-2030: Icebreaker Reception, Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences

MONDAY 19 th DECEMBER 2016

SESSION 1 – KEYNOTES & GENERAL SESSION (Wolfson Theatre) Session chair: Lotty Gladstone (University of Cambridge)

0830-0845 – Welcome 0845-0915 – Peter Burgess (keynote): How realistic is my sequence stratigraphic interpretation? Quantitative methods to help address this question 0915-0945 – Joris Eggenhuisen (keynote): Things I used to know: the static bed, threshold of motion, bed load, and suspended sediment transport 0945-1000 – Adrian Hartley: Braided or Meandering: Are Fluvial Facies Models Useful? 1000-1015 – Martin Wells: Searching for the source of Early clastic reservoirs in the Middle East 1015-1030 – Jaco Baas: Novel Mixed Sand-Mud Bedforms and Primary Current Stratification in the Aberystwyth Grits and Borth Mudstone Formations

---1030-1100: Coffee & Discussion (Buttery)---

SESSION 2A – DEEP MARINE SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS I (Wolfson Theatre) Session chair: Peter Haughton (University College Dublin)

1100-1115 – Gillian Apps: Stratal modelling and structural paleotopography in deepwater basins 1115-1130 – Sarah Southern: Varied Stratigraphic Expressions of Slope Channel Evolution 1130-1145 – Franziska Palm: Variation of cross-sectional geometries in submarine channels 1145-1200 – Lilla Tokes: Degree of confinement of turbidity currents and deposit tabularity across different scales based on meta-data analysis

SESSION 2B – SHALLOW MARINE & NEARSHORE SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS (Jock Colville Hall) Session chair: Gary Nichols (RPS Nautilus)

1100-1115 – Claire Keevil: The region of fluvial dominance within the tidal-fluvial transition 1115-1130 – Arnoud Slootman: Geological record of shallow-marine, supercritical tsunami backwash: Field observations and numerical simulation 1130-1145 – Arjan de Leeuw: Field insights into sediment delivery to the northwest Black Sea: the Late Miocene fluvio-deltaic Balta Fm of the East Carpathian Foreland 1145-1200 – M. Mostafizur Rahman: Detailed architecture of fluvio-deltaic sandstones: a subsurface and virtual outcrop (VO) study of the Scalby Formation, NE England

SESSION 2C – SEDIMENTARY CLIMATE RECORDS & GLACIAL ENVIRONMENTS I (JCR Games Room) Session chair: Gregory Price (Plymouth University)

1100-1115 – Elizabeth Atar: Atmospheric and oceanic controls on the deposition of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation

6

1115-1130 – Alena Ebinghaus: Increased seasonality across the early Danian Dan-C2 hyperthermal: A case study from the Boltysh impact crater, Ukraine 1130-1145 – Zvi Steiner: The effect of bioturbation in pelagic sediments: Lessons from radioactive tracers and planktonic foraminifera in the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea 1145-1200 – Madeleine Vickers: Are glendonites reliable indicators of cold climates? Evidence from their paragenesis

SESSION 3A – DEEP MARINE SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS II (Wolfson Theatre) Session chair: Peter Haughton (University College Dublin)

1205-1220 – Jan de Leeuw: Inversion of turbidity current flow properties from grain-size distribution of submarine channel deposits 1220-1235 – Pauline Cornard: Supercritical bedforms, field evidence and implications, in a deep-marine base-of-slope environment, Middle , Ainsa Basin, Spanish Pyrenees 1235-1250 – Andy Pulham: Sedimentary Structures in Deepwater Wilcox Core Data, Gulf of Mexico, USA; Some New Insights into Deposition of Sands from High Magnitude Turbulent Flows 1250-1305 – Lotty Gladstone: The development of convolute lamination: insights from field observations and simple calculations

SESSION 3B – ALLUVIAL FANS & S2S (Jock Colville Hall) Session chair: Gary Nichols (RPS Nautilus)

1205-1220 – Björn Nyberg: Global Drainage Patterns of Modern Sedimentary Basins and the Anthropocene 1220-1235 – Martin Stokes: Alluvial fans as recorders of volcanic island denudation 1235-1250 – Sam Brooke: Decoding sediment transport dynamics on alluvial fans from spatial changes in grain size, Death Valley, California 1250-1305 – Stephen Watkins: Are landscapes buffered to high-frequency climate change? A comparison of sediment fluxes and depositional volumes in the Corinth rift, central Greece, over the past 130 kyrs

SESSION 3C – SEDIMENTARY CLIMATE RECORDS & GLACIAL ENVIRONMENTS II (JCR Games Room) Session chair: Gregory Price (Plymouth University)

1205-1220 – Marie Busfield: On the hunt for Cryogenian striated pavements… 1220-1235 – Thomas Vandyk: Descent into the Snowball: the sedimentary record of entry into Cryogenian glaciation in Death Valley, California 1235-1250 – Dan Le Heron: A diamictite dichotomy: Glacial conveyor belts and olistostromes in the Neoproterozoic of Death Valley, California, USA 1250-1305 – Stephen Davison: Glacial or non-glacial? A new field-based examination of the Permo- Sakoa Group of southern Madagascar

---1305-1355: Lunch (Main Dining Hall)---

SESSION 4 – KEYNOTES (Wolfson Theatre) Session chair: Stephen Flint (University of Manchester)

1355-1425 – Jan Alexander (keynote): Some sedimentary consequences of discharge variability and rate of change

7

1425-1455 – Massimiliano Ghinassi (keynote): Planform evolution of meandering river channels and their sedimentary products: expansional vs. downstream-migrating point bars

SESSION 5A – MODERN DEEP MARINE ENVIRONMENTS (Wolfson Theatre) Session chair: Stephen Flint (University of Manchester)

1500-1515 – Matthieu Cartigny: Knick points in turbidity current channels; dynamics and preservation potential 1515-1530 – Maria Azpiroz: First detailed measurements of turbidity currents downstream from submarine canyon bend show sustained river-reversed secondary circulation 1530-1545 – Marta Payo Payo: Influence of Coriolis forces on turbidity currents 1545-1600 – Sophie Hage: Linking cyclic steps of crescent-shaped bedforms and lenses of massive sand through direct field observations 1600-1615 – Chris Stevenson: Reconstructing the 1929 Grand Banks Event, offshore Newfoundland

SESSION 5B – ANCIENT LIFE & SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS (Jock Colville Hall) Session chair: Sarah Davies (University of Leicester)

1500-1515 – Neil Davies: Indirect signatures of life in the alluvial stratigraphic record 1515-1530 – Ginny-Marie Bradley: Lower Palaeozoic pre-land plant paralic systems: A case where the present is not the key to the past…? 1530-1545 – Anthony Shillito: Shapes on a plane: exceptionally preserved substrates provide palaeoenvironmental insights into intervals of non-deposition 1545-1600 – Carys Bennett: The habitats of tetrapod terrestrialisation in the early Carboniferous 1600-1615 – Jon Noad: The Sedimentology of Bone Beds: a review and report on a new marine bone bed

SESSION 5C – PROVENANCE & PROPERTIES (JCR Games Room) Session chair: Shane Tyrrell (NUI Galway)

1500-1515 – Jessica Franklin: Provenance of Triassic Sandstones – assessing the link between source area and sandstone reservoir quality 1515-1530 – Iain Greig: Heavy Mineral and Provenance of Triassic Sediments of the Central North Sea 1530-1545 – Brenton Fairey: Detrital mica and zircon geochronology as evidence for the - Carboniferous “Old Red Staging Area” and development of super-mature sediments in the southern Irish offshore 1545-1600 – Christof Liebermann: Provenance of Sediments from Sumatra, Indonesia 1600-1615 – Shuqing Yao: Unravelling the controls on fault-associated dolomitisation geometries: examples from the Benicàssim outcrop analogue (Maestrat basin, E Spain)

---1615-1640: Coffee & Discussion (Buttery)---

SESSION 6 – GENERAL POSTER SESSION (Main Concourse)

1640-1840 – Posters (see details below) & Prize-giving

---1900-2200: Conference Dinner (St. John’s College)---

8

TUESDAY 20 th DECEMBER 2016

SESSION 7 – AGM, KEYNOTE & GENERAL SESSION (Wolfson Theatre) Session chair: Stephen Vincent (CASP, University of Cambridge)

0845-0930 – BSRG AGM 0930-1000 – Alastair Robertson (keynote): Sedimentology and oceanic island arcs 1000-1015 – Sarah Davies: Early palaeoenvironments and their significance for tetrapod preservation 1015-1030 – Jeff Peakall: A first process model for channel-lobe transition zones 1030-1045 – Hugh Sinclair: Abrasion set limits on gravel flux to the Ganga foreland basin

---1045-1115: Coffee & Discussion (Buttery)---

SESSION 8A – SUBAQUEOUS SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS (Wolfson Theatre) Session chair: David Hodgson (University of Leeds)

1115-1130 – Thomas Dodd: Depositional architectures within deep lacustrine turbidite fans: examples from the Early Cretaceous, North Falkland Basin 1130-1145 – Luz Elena Gomis Cartesio: Lateral Variability In Upper Slope, Shelf Edge And Shallow Marine Stratigraphy Along A 70 Km Strike Transect: Karoo Basin, South Africa 1145-1200 – Miquel Poyatos-More: Spatial-temporal evolution of sedimentary systems, transition zones and stratigraphic sequences in an exhumed basin margin succession

SESSION 8B – CARBONIFEROUS SEDIMENTARY BASINS (Jock Colville Hall) Session chair: John Howell (University of Aberdeen)

1115-1130 – Sarah Newport: Sedimentology and microfacies development within a slope to basin floor mudstone succession: Carboniferous Bowland Shale Formation, NW England (UK) 1130-1145 – Joe Emmings: Through Highs and Lows: Burial of Organic Matter in the Mississippian Bowland Shale 1145-1200 – Lucy Manifold: Controls on facies heterogeneity within the Carboniferous of the Pennine Basin

SESSION 8C – TECTONICS & SEDIMENTS (JCR Games Room) Session chair: Maurice Tucker (University of Bristol)

1115-1130 – Tamsin Blayney: Indentation of the Pamirs with respect to the northern margin of Tibet: constraints from the Tarim basin sedimentary record 1130-1145 – Mark Wilkinson: Why are the Highlands high? Cenozoic uplift and erosion in Scotland 1145-1200 – Stephen Vincent: From rifting to orogeny; using sediments to unlock the secrets of the Greater Caucasus

SESSION 9A – DEEP MARINE SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS III (Wolfson Theatre) Session chair: David Hodgson (University of Leeds)

1205-1220 – Xiaoming Zhao: A submarine fan: juxtaposition of slope aprons with straight channels 1220-1235 – Marco Pizzi: Sedimentation versus deformation rates as a control on the architecture of deep- water channel systems: observations from the toe-thrust region of the Niger Delta slope 1235-1250 – Marco Patacci: Petrography of turbidites and XRD analysis of their mudstone caps, insights from the Castagnola system, NW Italy 9

1250-1305 – Andrea OrtizKarpf: Influence of Salt-Related Seabed Topography on Mass-Transport Complex (MTC) Sedimentation

SESSION 9B – SEISMIC & SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY (Jock Colville Hall) Session chair: John Howell (University of Aberdeen)

1205-1220 – Tim Luber: Qualitative and quantitative description of a late Barremian to Aptian forced- regression, Essaouira-Agadir Basin, Morocco 1220-1235 – Bonita Barrett: 3D sequence stratigraphic modelling: shallow marine systems along active fault segments 1235-1250 – Chris Jackson: Seismic geomorphological analysis of the Farsund Basin, offshore southern Norway: Identification of Rivers, Reefs and Shorelines 1250-1305 – Catherine Russell: Reducing uncertainty in seismic interpretation of fluvial successions through prediction of point-bar form and heterogeneity

SESSION 9C – CARBONATES & EVAPORITES (JCR Games Room) Session chair: Maurice Tucker (University of Bristol)

1205-1220 – Ed Hough: Primary sedimentary structures in bedded halite – indicators of depositional conditions from the mid-Triassic of the UK 1220-1235 – Hao Tang: Early archaeocyathan-microbialite reefs in South China 1235-1250 – Alan Smith: Molar-tooth structure: a calcite network dependent on bacterial EPS? 1250-1305 – Andreas Paul: Exploring the potential for the formation of discrete stromatolite build-ups from microbial mats in the Abu Dhabi coastal sabkha

---1305-1355: Lunch (Main Dining Hall)---

SESSION 10 – KEYNOTE (Wolfson Theatre)

1355-1425 – Sanjeev Gupta (keynote): ‘Robotic’ sedimentary geology on Mars - reconstructing ancient sedimentary systems at Gale crater

SESSION 11A – CONTINENTAL SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS I (Wolfson Theatre) Session chair: Neil Davies (University of Cambridge)

1430-1445 – Steve Banham: Anatomy of an ancient aeolian sandstone on Mars: the Stimson formation in Gale Crater, Mars 1445-1500 – William McMahon: The ‘Forgotten’ Torridonian: Alluvial (upper flow regime) and aeolian bedforms in the pre-vegetation Meall Dearg Formation, NW Scotland 1500-1515 – Zoe McKellar: Sedimentary analysis of the Lower Old Red Sandstone of the northern Midland Valley, Scotland 1515-1530 – Catherine Cripps: The influence of allogenic controls on facies variability within two basins: the Triassic Sherwood Sandstone Group of Central and Northern England

SESSION 11B – EXPERIMENTS & MODELLING IN SEDIMENTOLOGY I (Jock Colville Hall) Session chair: Esther Sumner (University of Southampton)

1430-1445 – Florian Pohl: CHANGE! A turbidity current’s transition from bypass to deposition ‒ Experimental results & comparison to a field case from the Karoo, South Africa

10

1445-1500 – Viet Luan Ho: Multi-pulsed Turbidity Currents – A Scaling Analysis and Applications for Turbidite Interpretation 1500-1515 – Paul Jarvis: Formation and evolution of transverse bedforms: An experimental study 1515-1530 – Age Vellinga: Why do some turbidity currents create upstream migrating bedforms while others do not?

SESSION 11C – PREDICTING SEDIMENTARY ARCHITECTURE (JCR Games Room) Session chair: Michael Flowerdew (CASP, University of Cambridge)

1430-1445 – Ewan Gray: Predicting facies distribution in Triassic fluvial systems of the central North Sea using subsurface data 1445-1500 – Adam McArthur: Application of deep-water palynofacies scheme to classify reservoir architecture in the Campos Basin, offshore Brazil 1500-1515 – Menno Hofstra: The depositional architecture of basin-floor fan systems by wireline log character: an integrated dataset from the Karoo Basin 1515-1530 – Aurélia Privat: Early post-rift facies and architectural changes within a coarse-grained deep- water system deposited above a Mass Transport Complex (MTC)

SESSION 12A – CONTINENTAL SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS II (Wolfson Theatre) Session chair: Neil Davies (University of Cambridge)

1535-1550 – Giacomo Medici: Characterizing flow heterogeneities in a red-bed fluvial succession: Triassic St Bees Sandstone Formation (NW England, UK) 1550-1605 – Amanda Owen: Understanding fluvial facies distribution within sedimentary basins: Bighorn Basin, Wyoming 1605-1620 – Michelle Shiers: Controls on the depositional architecture of fluvial point-bar elements from a coastal plain setting

SESSION 12B – EXPERIMENTS & MODELLING IN SEDIMENTOLOGY II (Jock Colville Hall) Session chair: Esther Sumner (University of Southampton)

1535-1550 – Orla Bath Enright: Gone with the flow: transportation of soft-bodied organisms in turbidity currents 1550-1605 – Megan Baker: The Effect of Clay Type on the Properties of Cohesive Sediment Gravity Flows 1605-1620 – Diana Sher: Gravity currents: entrainment, stratification and self-similarity

SESSION 12C – CLAY MINERALS (JCR Games Room) Session chair: Michael Flowerdew (CASP, University of Cambridge)

1535-1550 – Luke Wooldridge: Biofilm origin of clay-coated sand grains 1550-1605 – Joshua Griffiths: Predicting Clay Mineral Distribution in Sandstone Reservoirs Using an Analogue Estuarine Succession 1605-1620 – Chris Jeans: Red Chalk, Secondary Bentonite and Volcanogenic Glauconite

---1620-1640: Coffee & Discussion (Buttery); Meeting Closes---

11

POSTERS

There is a designated 2 hour poster session, in which each presenter has been allocated a 20 minute slot (indicated below), during which time they can be found next to their poster and will be on hand to verbally present their data and results, and answer any questions. Poster boards are numbered as follows.

GROUP 1 – CONTINENTAL SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS

1. Emese Szocs: Diagenetic evaluation of Pannonian lacustrine deposits in the Makó Trough, southeastern Hungary [1640-1700] 2. Alena Ebinghaus: Lake sedimentological and ecological response to hyperthermals: Boltysh impact crater, Ukraine [1700-1720] 3. Nigel Woodcock: Sedimentological and ichnological analysis of the Upper Carboniferous Bude Formation, Culm Basin, SW England [1720-1740] 4. Roger Burgess: Triassic Palynology; correlation and environmental reconstruction of the Skagerrak Formation from the central North Sea [1740-1800] 5. Colm Pierce: A multiscale analysis of the Entrada Formation – an approach to erg reconstruction and geomodelling of a wet aeolian reservoir analogue [1800-1820] 6. Ross Pettigrew: Aeolian- Sabkha Interactions in the Cedar Mesa Sandstone, Southwestern USA [1640-1700] 7. Alexander Whittaker: Alluvial fan sensitivity to glacial-interglacial climate change: Case studies from Death Valley [1700-1720] 8. Hugh Sinclair: Cosmogenic nuclide concentrations in rivers of the Great Plains reveal the evolution of fluvial storage and recycling [1720-1740] 9. Tom Perkins: Chemical weathering fluxes and processes in the Mekong River [1740-1800] 10. David Somerville: Image analysis of fluvio-lacustrine depositional environments, East African Rift: sedimentary architectures and relationship to rift stage [1800-1820] 11. Oscar Javier Arevalo: Role of tectonics and climate on the preserved record of a low net-to-gross ephemeral fluvial succession, South-Central Pyrenees, Spain [1640-1700] 12. Simon Jackson: Modelling fluvial, aeolian and lacustrine response to differential rates of accommodation generation in developing salt basins [1700-1720] 13. Ru Wang: Fluvial response to sea-level change: revised sequence stratigraphic models for different basin and climatic settings [1720-1740] 14. Alistair Swan: The effects of fluvial architecture on the internal heterogeneity of a medial distributive fluvial system outcrop, Upper , Colorado [1740-1800] 15. Justina James Saroni: The Fluvial Architecture of the Price River Formation, Mesaverde Group, Book Cliffs, Utah, U.S.A. [1800-1820] 16. Joseph Ainsworth: A preliminary Ground Penetrating Radar study of Fluvial Architectures at Spireslack, Ayrshire, Scotland [1640-1700] 17. Jose Montero: Application of quantitative analysis of fluvial sedimentary architecture to improved facies and reservoir modelling workflows [1700-1720] 18. Catherine Burns: Constructing fluvial floodplain successions; a hierarchical approach to the characterization of crevasse-splay deposits [1720-1740] 19. Na Yan: A Stratigraphic Model of Fluvial Meander-Bend Evolution for 3D Facies and Architecture Prediction [1740-1800] 20. Peter Wooldridge: Anastomosing fluvial systems in the ? An investigation into fluvial systems of the Lower Carboniferous, Ballagan formation, Scotland [1800-1820] 21. William McMahon: Negligible microbial matground influence on pre-vegetation river functioning: evidence from the Ediacaran-Lower Cambrian Series Rouge, France [1640-1700]

12

22. Kirsten Dutton: Microbially mediated carbonate mineralisation in extreme environment microbial mats [1700-1720] 23. Maurice Tucker: Mineral precipitates in modern microbial mats: crystallites, spheroids and the role of EPS [1720-1740] 24. Andreas Paul: The elusive link between pore-water chemistry and early cement phases: Case study from the shallow subsurface of the Abu Dhabi coastal sabkha [1740-1800] 25. Irdawati Lokman: Facies analysis of humid-tropical, syn- to early post-rift coastal plain deposits: the Miocene K Group of the Malay Basin [1800-1820] 26. Stephen Lokier: Sun, Sand and Salt: The continental sabkhas of Abu Dhabi [1640-1700] 27. Stephen Lokier: Underneath the Mangrove Tree: The complex facies of mangrove systems [1700- 1720] 28. David Millward: The climatic implications of Lower Mississippian evaporites in equatorial northern Britain [1720-1740] 29. Andrew Mitten: The Scottish Carboniferous Research Park: Educating geoscientists in fluvial to marginal marine sedimentology and subsurface reservoir analogues [1740-1800]

GROUP 2 – MARINE SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS

30. Andrew Mitten: Calciclastic mass flows from the / boundary at Abereiddy Bay, Pembrokeshire, Wales, UK: Implications for Avalonian sea-level correlation [1800-1820] 31. Aude Duval-Arnould: Stratigraphic evolution of carbonate ramp and reef system along the Agadir- Essaouira Basin. Middle to Upper Jurassic Atlantic margin-western Morocco [1640-1700] 32. Domenico Chiarella: Cyclicity of toeset geometry as feature to recognize tide-modulated deposits [1700-1720] 33. Domenico Chiarella: Deltaic river-dominated to tide-influenced process regime change: a field-based example from the Lower of the Messina Strait (southern Italy) [1720-1740] 34. Massimiliano Ghinassi: Sedimentology and stratal architecture of subtidal point bars: an example from the Venice Lagoon (Italy) [1740-1800] 35. Grant Cole: Stratigraphy and Architecture of a Tectonically Influenced Shallow Water Delta Succession, Early Cretaceous Maestrat Basin, Spain [1800-1820] 36. Bebhinn Anders: Fluctuating sand supply to a prograding delta: provenance of the Mullaghmore Sandstone Formation, NW Carboniferous Basin, Ireland [1640-1700] 37. William Mitchell: The interaction of sediment systems and structurally-induced seafloor topography within a tectonically controlled intra-slope basin on the southern lobe of the Niger Delta [1700- 1720] 38. Grace Cosgrove: New insights into wave-dominated deposition in continental shelf settings: high- resolution sediment character analysis from coeval topset, foreset and bottomset deposits [1740- 1800] 39. James Foey: Predicting the Distribution of Shallow Marine Facies within Halokinetically Controlled Basins: Insights from the Upper Jurassic Fulmar Formation, UKCS [1800-1820] 40. Keiran Blacker: Linking in-situ geophysical and geotechnical properties of the Dogger Bank Formation to depositional and post-depositional processes [1640-1700] 41. Andy Emery: Role of deglaciation, sea-level rise and isostatic adjustment in marine transgression of the Dogger Bank [1700-1720] 42. Eva Zimmer: Seismic geomorphology linked to sequence stratigraphy of an Eocene shoreface in the Outer Moray Firth [1720-1740] 43. Will Zhao: Post-eruptive Submarine Terrace Development of Capelinhos, Azores [1740-1800] 44. Ammar Balila: Submarine slope channels and sand delivery to the basin floor in the pre-land plant world: a case study from a sediment-supply-driven succession in Arabia [1800-1820] 13

45. Daan Beelen: Shelf-edge trajectory analysis; the role of differential compaction [1640-1700] 46. Michael Steventon: Clinoform degradation, mass-transport complex (MTC) emplacement, and the healing of outer-shelf relief: a 3D seismic reflection case study from the Santos Basin, offshore Brazil [1700-1720] 47. Hannah Brooks: The long-term evolution of an exhumed deepwater stepped-slope profile [1720- 1740] 48. Cian McGuire: Using benthic foraminifera to solve problems in deep-water sedimentary systems [1740-1800] 49. Sophie Cullis: The Deep-Marine Architectural Knowledge Store: A database approach to enhance meta-analyses of deep-marine systems [1800-1820] 50. Zoe Roseby: Deglacial history of the Anvers Palaeo-Ice Stream Trough, western Antarctic Peninsula [1640-1700] 51. Keziah Blake-Mizen: Reconstructing southern Greenland Ice Sheet history during the Plio- Pleistocene intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation: Insights from IODP Site U1307 [1700- 1720] 52. Alex Piotrowski: Reconstructing deep ocean circulation pathway and strength with grainsize- specific Nd isotopes on the lithic fraction of marine sediment [1800-1820] 53. Charlotte Allen: Evolution, processes and deposits of high latitude submarine fans [1720-1740] 54. Daniel Bell: Fundamentally Different Proximal and Distal Lobe Stacking Styles Within the Same Stratigraphic Interval: Upper Broto System, Jaca Basin, Spain [1740-1800] 55. Qun Liu: “Submarine Lobes” or “turbidite sheet sandstones”, are they the same? Examples from the Carboniferous of NW Argentina [1800-1820] 56. David Lee: Applying neural network analysis to wireline data for the recognition of lobe sub- environments within basin-floor systems: a case study from the Karoo Basin [1640-1700] 57. Kévin Boulesteix: Deepwater mudrock depositional processes and sequence stratigraphy in the Permo-Triassic icehouse to greenhouse transition, Karoo Basin, South Africa [1700-1720] 58. Tim Cullen: The response of density underflows to rift basin floor topography and palaeoclimate: Examples from the Gulf of Corinth, Greece [1720-1740] 59. Rachel Healy: Thin-Bedded Turbidites; Characteristic Facies, Their Distribution and Process Sedimentology [1740-1800] 60. Marta Payo Payo: Trawling induced turbidity currents [1800-1820] 61. John Torley: Criteria for the recognition of supercritcal bedforms and its implications on reservoir heterogeneity, insights from fieldwork-based studies, Morillo and Guaso Systems, Ainsa basin, Spain [1640-1700] 62. Ross Ferguson: Textural characteristics of deep-marine gravity flow deposits: Insights from the Aberystwyth Grits Formation, Cardigan Bay, Wales [1700-1720] 63. Jaco Baas: Bedforms and Primary Current Stratification Generated by Hybrid Flows: Examples from the Laboratory and the Aberystwyth Grits Formation [1720-1740]

GROUP 3 – MODELLING, EXPERIMENTS & SEDIMENT PROPERTIES

64. Isabella Masiero: Orpheus: a new simple numerical model for mixed siliciclastic and carbonate sediment erosion, transport and deposition [1740-1800] 65. Joana Silva: Breaching Failure of Underwater Sediment Embankments [1800-1820] 66. Isabel de Cala: Testing the sensitivity of bedform phase space: flow velocity vs. sediment cohesion [1640-1700] 67. Isabel de Cala: Dune cross-stratification in turbidite systems [1700-1720] 68. Maarten Heijnen: Regimes of submarine channel evolution [1720-1740]

14

69. Yvonne Spychala: Lost in translation? Bridging the gap between lab and field– comparative studies of flume tank experiments and outcrop studies [1740-1800] 70. Peeradon Samasiri: Mixing in axisymmetric gravity currents [1800-1820] 71. Megan Baker: Know Your Clay: The Effect of Clay Mixtures on the Properties of Cohesive Sediment Gravity Flows [1640-1700] 72. Andrew Manning: Quantifying Flocculation Settling Dynamics of Natural Fine-grained Suspended Sediments: “Floccin’ Across the USA!” [1700-1720] 73. Iris Verhagen: The effect of early compaction on detrital grain-coating clays [1720-1740] 74. Jack Walker: Geochemical signals associated with ‘marine band’ formation in the Lower Carboniferous Bowland Shale Formation, Northern England [1740-1800] 75. Alex Lipp: Testing the use of sulfur isotopes and sulfur concentrations as facies indicators in Precambrian and Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks [1800-1820] 76. Michael Morton: Sedimentology and Geochemistry of Eocene-Early Miocene Source Rocks from Paratethys [1640-1700] 77. Auwalu Yola Lawan: Predicting sedimentary facies using non-destructive core log X-ray fluorescence geochemistry: Comparing the Brent Group and Cook Formation, North Sea [1700-1720] 78. James Mullins: The application of Process-based sedimentological models as training images for Multi Point Statistics: A case study from the Ferron Sandstone, Utah [1720-1740]

GROUP 4 – SEDIMENTARY BASINS, TECTONICS & VOLCANICS

79. Sean O'Neill: Where has all the porosity gone?: Linking pore pressure evolution and reservoir quality in the Taranaki Basin, New Zealand [1740-1800] 80. Sunday Okunuwadje: Preliminary studies of diagenetic controls on Cenozoic clastic reservoir analogues, Southern California, USA [1800-1820] 81. Catherine Breislin: Basin-Scale Mineral and Fluid Processes at a Lower Carboniferous Platform Margin [1640-1700] 82. Romesh Palamakumbura: Pliocene-Pleistocene sedimentary-tectonic development of the Mesaoria (Mesarya) Basin, in northern Cyprus, in an incipient, diachronous collisional setting [1700-1720] 83. Gloria Heilbronn: Constraining onset of deformation in Pai-Khoi fold-and-thrust belt (Russia), via multi-proxy provenance study [1720-1740] 84. Amy Gough: The evolution of the Lahat, Lemat, and Talang Akar formations of the South Sumatra Basin, Southeast Asia [1740-1800] 85. Robert Raine: Stratigraphy and reservoir quality of the in Northern Ireland [1800-1820] 86. Steven Andrews: Stratigraphic development of the Permian to Triassic of East Greenland: An expanded and complete P-T boundary succession? [1640-1700] 87. Edward Fleming: Investigating the impact of the Hornsund High on Triassic sedimentation in the western Barents Shelf [1700-1720] 88. Mohit Tunwal: Thermal history modelling in an extensional basin [1720-1740] 89. Lloyd White: Characterising the variation in heavy and light mineral modes from some of Indonesia’s most explosive volcanoes (Merapi, Bromo, Sinabung and Toba) [1740-1800] 90. Guohui Chen: Geochemical discrimination of Upper Cretaceous volcaniclastic sediments: Kannaviou Formation, W Cyprus [1800-1820] 91. Dominique Tanner: High-temperature silica maturation causes non-equilibrium isotope fractionation beneath the El Indio paleofumarole: implications for diagenesis [1640-1700]

15

Schedule At-A-Glance

Monday 19th December Tuesday 20th December Time Wolfson Theatre Jock Colville Hall JCR Games Room Time Wolfson Theatre Jock Colville Hall JCR Games Room 730 Breakfast (only for delegates staying in Churchill) (Dining Hall) 730 Breakfast (only for delegates staying in Churchill) (Dining Hall) 745 745 800 800 815 815 830 Welcome 830 1 - Keynotes/General 845 AGM 845 Burgess keynote 900 900 915 915 Eggenhuisen keynote 7 - Keynotes/General 930 930 Robertson 945 Hartley 945 1000 Wells 1000 S Davies 1015 Baas 1015 Peakall 1030 Coffee & Discussion (Buttery) 1030 Sinclair 1045 1045 Coffee & Discussion (Buttery) 2A - Deep Marine I 2B - Shallow Marine 2C - Climate/Glacial I 1100 1100 Apps Keevil Atar 8A - Subaqueous 8B - Carboniferous 8C - Tectonics 1115 Southern Slootman Ebinghaus 1115 Dodd Newport Blayney 1130 Palm A de Leeuw Steiner 1130 Gomes-Cartesio Emmings Wilkinson 1145 Tokes Rahman Vickers 1145 Poyatos-More Manifold Vincent 3A - Deep Marine II 3B - Alluvial fans/S2S 3C - Climate/Glacial II 9A - Deep Marine III 9B - Seismic/Sequence 9C - Carbonates 1205 J de Leeuw Nyberg Busfield 1205 Zhao Luber Hough 1220 Cornard Stokes Vandyk 1220 Pizzi Barrett-Crosdil Tang 1235 Pulham Brooke Le Heron 1235 Patacci Jackson Smith 1250 Gladstone Watkins Davison 1250 OrtizKarpf Russell Paul 1305 Lunch (Dining Hall) 1305 Lunch (Dining Hall) 1315 1315 1330 1330 1345 1345 4 - Keynotes 10 - Keynote 1355 Alexander 1355 Gupta 1410 1410 1425 Ghinassi 11A - Continental I 11B - Modelling I 11C - Architecture 1440 1430 Banham Pohl Gray 5A - Modern Deep Mar. 5B - Life & Sediment 5C - Provenance 1445 McMahon Ho McArthur 1500 Cartigny N Davies Franklin 1500 McKellar Jarvis Hofstra 1515 Azpiroz Bradley Grieg 1515 Cripps Vellinga Privat 1530 PayoPayo Shillito Fairey 12A - Continental II 12B - Modelling II 12C - Clay Minerals 1545 Hage Bennett Liebermann 1535 Medici Bath Enright Wooldridge 1600 Stevenson Noad Yao 1550 Owen Baker Griffiths 1615 Coffee & Discussion (Buttery) 1605 Shiers Sher Jeans 1630 1620 Coffee & Discussion (Buttery) 6 - General Poster Session 1635 Meeting Closes 1640 Poster Session Presentations - see next page 1700 Poster Session Presentations - see next page 1720 Poster Session Presentations - see next page 1740 Poster Session Presentations - see next page 1800 Poster Session Presentations - see next page 1820 1900 Conference Dinner (St. John's College)

Poster Presentations Poster session runs 1640-1840 on Mon 19th Dec, but presenters guaranteed in attendance for presentation during the following slots

GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 GROUP 4 Continental Marine Modelling Basins Ainsworth Anders Baker Andrews Arevalo Beelen de Cala 1 Breislin Lokier 1 Blacker Morton Tanner 1640-1700 McMahon Duval-Arnould Pettigrew Lee Szocs Roseby Torley Ebinghaus Chiarella 1 de Cala 2 Palamakumbara Dutton Blake-Mizen Lawan Fleming Jackson Boulesteix Manning 1700-1720 Lokier 2 Emery Montero Ferguson Whittaker Mitchell Steventon Woodcock Chiarella 2 Heijnen Heilbronn Burns Allen Mullins Tunwal Millward Baas Verhagen 1720-1740 Sinclair Brooks Tucker Cullen Wang Zimmer R Burgess Ghinassi Masiero O'Neill Mitten 1 Bell Spychala Gough Paul Cosgrove Walker White 1740-1800 Perkins Healey Swan McGuire Yan Zhao Pierce Cole Silva Okunuwadje Lokman Balila Lipp Chen P Wooldridge Cullis Samasiri Raine Saroni Foey 1800-1820 Somerville Liu Mitten 2 Payo Payo Piotrowski

+%9./4% !"342!#43

3Ø≠• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ض §©≥£®°≤ß• ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π °Æ§ ≤°¥• ض £®°Æß• *°Æ !¨•∏°Æ§•≤

3£®Øب ض %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض %°≥¥ !Æߨ©° .Ø≤∑©£® 2•≥•°≤£® 0°≤´ .Ø≤∑©£® .2 4*

™ °¨•∏°Æ§•≤$µ•° °£ µ´

-Ø≥¥ ض ¥®• µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ •Æ¥≤°©Æ≠•Æ¥ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ®°≥ ¢••Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ¢π £ØÆ≥©§•≤©Æß ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ Ø££µ≤≤©Æß ∑®•Æ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π °Æ§ §©≥£®°≤ß• ©≥ µÆ£®°Æß©Æß ©Æ ¥©≠• ©• ¶¨Ø∑ ©≥ ≥¥•°§π )¥ ©≥ ≥¥°Æ§°≤§ ∞≤°£¥©£• ¥Ø °∞∞¨π ¥®•Ø≤©•≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ¶Ø≤ ≥¥•°§π £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ¥Ø ¶¨Ø∑≥ ∑®©£® °≤• ©Æ®•≤•Æ¥¨π µÆ≥¥•°§π ¢π £ØÆ≥©§•≤©Æß °∂•≤°ß• £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ Ø≤ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶Ø≤≠©Æß £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ 3Ø≠• °§∂°Æ£•≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≠°§• ¢π £ØÆ≥©§•≤©Æß ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©Æ §©¶¶•≤©Æß ¶¨Ø∑ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ °≥≥µ≠©Æß £®°Æß• ©≥ ©Æ≥¥°Æ¥°Æ•Øµ≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ∞•≤©Ø§≥ ض £ØÆ≥¥°Æ¥ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ 4®• £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ض ¶¨Ø∑ µÆ≥¥•°§©Æ•≥≥ £°Æ ¢• ¶°≤ ß≤•°¥•≤ ¥®°Æ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ¢π ¥®•≥• °∞∞≤Ø°£®•≥ ¢•£°µ≥• £®°Æß• ©¥≥•¨¶ ≠°π ¢• °≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ °≥ ¥®• •Æ§ ∞Ø©Æ¥ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ &¨Ø∑ µÆ≥¥•°§©Æ•≥≥ Ø££µ≤≥ ØÆ ° ∑©§• ≤°Æß• ض ≥£°¨•≥ °Æ§ ¢Ø¥® ¥®• ≠°ßÆ©¥µ§• °Æ§ ≤°¥• ض £®°Æß• ®°∂• £ØÆ≥©§•≤°¢¨• ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ $•∞Ø≥©¥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ °¥ ≥£°¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ∞°≤¥©£¨•≥ ¥Ø ߕبØß©£°¨ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¢π ¶¨Ø∑ µÆ≥¥•°§©Æ•≥≥ !¨¥®Øµß® ≥•∂•≤°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ض µÆ≥¥•°§©Æ•≥≥ °≤• ¢•©Æß ≤•≥•°≤£®•§ ©Æ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ £ØÆ¥•∏¥≥ °≤صƧ ¥®• ∑Ø≤¨§ ¥®•≤• ©≥ ° ¨Ø¥ ¥®°¥ ©≥ ÆØ¥ ´ÆØ∑Æ °¢Øµ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©Æ µÆ≥¥•°§π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥®°¥ ©≥ ÆØ¥ £µ≤≤•Æ¥¨π ¢•©Æß ≤•≥•°≤£®•§ 4®©≥ ¥°¨´ ∑©¨¨ £ØÆ≥©§•≤ ° ¨©¥¥¨• ض ¥®• £Ø≠∞¨•∏©¥π ض µÆ≥¥•°§π ¶¨Ø∑ °Æ§ ≥Ø≠• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• °©≠ ض ≥¥©≠µ¨°¥©Æß §©≥£µ≥≥©ØÆ



(Ø∑ ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ ©≥ ≠π ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ& 1µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• ≠•¥®Ø§≥ ¥Ø ®•¨∞ °§§≤•≥≥ ¥®©≥ ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ 0•¥•≤ -* "µ≤ß•≥≥ 3£®Øب ض %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ *°Æ• (•≤§≠°Æ ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,©∂•≤∞Øب ,*+ ,'0

∞≠¢.$¨©∂•≤∞Øب °£ µ´

)Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ≥¥≤°¥° ¥°´• ≠°Æπ ¶Ø≤≠≥ ¢µ¥ ©Æ ≥Ø≠• £°≥•≥ ¥®•≤• ©≥ ° §°Æß•≤ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ ©≥ §•≤©∂•§ ≠Ø≤• ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≠ا•¨ ¥®°Æ ©¥ ©≥ ¶≤Ø≠ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ°¨ •∂©§•Æ£• 4®©≥ ©≥ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤¨π ¥≤µ• ض ¥®• ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≠•¥®Ø§ ©Æ ∑®©£® Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ≥¥≤°¥° ض¥•Æ ¨•°§ ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ Ø≤§•≤•§ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ¥°´•Æ ¥Ø ¢• ©Æ§©£°¥©∂• ض ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ)≥µ∞∞¨π £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ¶Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• £π£¨•≥ ض ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≥•°) ¨•∂•¨ )Æ ≥µ£® £°≥•≥ ≤Ø¢µ≥¥ •∂©§•Æ£• ©Æ§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ ض °Æπ µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß ≠ا•¨ ©≥ •≥≥•Æ¥©°¨ ¥Ø ∞≤Ø∞•≤¨π ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ )Ƨ•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ •∂©§•Æ£• ض Ø≤§•≤•§ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ ©≥ ¢•≥¥ ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ¢π £Ø≠∞°≤©Æß ¥®• °≤≤°Æß•≠•Æ¥ ض ≥¥≤°¥° ∑©¥® ∑®°¥ £°Æ ®°∞∞•Æ ¢π £®°Æ£• "𠧕¶©Æ©Æß ≥¥°¥©≥¥©£°¨ ≠•¥≤©£≥ ¥®°¥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥• ¥®• ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °≤≤°Æß•≠•Æ¥ ض ≥¥≤°¥° ©Æ °Æ Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ∑• £°Æ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂•¨π £Ø≠∞°≤• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ≥¥≤°¥° ∑©¥® ≤°Æ§Ø≠¨π ≥®µ¶¶¨•§ ¢µ¥ Ø¥®•≤∑©≥• •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ )¶ ¥®• ≠•¥≤©£≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ≥¥≤°¥° °≤• µÆ¨©´•¨π ¥Ø Ø££µ≤ ©Æ ≤°Æ§Ø≠¨π ≥®µ¶¶¨•§ ≥¥≤°¥° ¥®©≥ ©≥ ≥¥≤ØÆß •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ° ÆØÆ)£®°Æ£• Ø≤§•≤•§ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ ¥®°¥ £Øµ¨§ °≤©≥• ¶Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• ¶≤Ø≠ ∞•≤©Ø§©£ •∏¥•≤Æ°¨ ¶Ø≤£©Æß ¢π ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ 4®• ≥°≠• ¶°£©•≥ ≠•¥≤©£ £°Æ °¨≥Ø ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ∑®°¥ ∑• £Øµ¨§ £ØÆ≥©§•≤ °Æ ©§•°¨ £π£¨• ©Æ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥°+ ¥®• Ø≤§•≤©Æß Ø¶ ¶°£©•≥ £¨°≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ ß©∂•≥ ®©ß®•≥¥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø¢°¢©¨©¥©•≥ °¨ØÆß §©°ßØÆ°¨≥ ض ° ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø¢°¢©¨©¥π ≠°¥≤©∏ £°Æ ¢• ¥°´•Æ °≥ ° ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• §•¶©Æ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °Æ ©§•°¨ £π£¨• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥° ¢•©Æß °Æ°¨π≥•§ 3•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ¢°£´•§ ¢π ¥®©≥ ´©Æ§ ض ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• •∂©§•Æ£• °≤• ≠Ø≤• ¨©´•¨π ¥Ø ¢• ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°Æ ≥©≠©¨°≤ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥®Øµ¥ ≥µ£® •∂©§•Æ£• )Ƨ•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ •∂©§•Æ£• ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ©¶ ° ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ)≥µ∞∞¨π ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥¥≤°¥°¨ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ ©≥ ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ £°Æ ¢• ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ¢π °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ° ≥¥≤°¥°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب ≥∞°£• ! ≥¥≤°¥°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب ≥∞°£• ©≥ °Æ °≤•° Ø≤ ∂بµ≠• ∑©¥® °∏•≥ ض ¶Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π °Æ§ •µ≥¥°≥π ! ≥¥≤°¥°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب ≥∞°£• £°Æ ¢• ∞Ø∞µ¨°¥•§ ∑©¥® ∞≤Ø¢°¢©¨©¥©•≥ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≥µ∞∞¨π ¥©≠• ≥•≤©•≥ ¥Ø ©Æ§©£°¥• ¥®• ¨©´•¨©®Øا ض Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• ض °Æπ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £ØÆ¥≤ب ≤°¥•≥ ! ≥¥≤°¥°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤π ©≥ ° ®©≥¥Ø≤π ض ≥µ∞∞¨π °Æ§ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ص¥£≤Ø∞ Ø≤ ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §°¥° °Æ§ ∞¨Ø¥¥•§ °≥ ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ¨©Æ´•§ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤≠©Æß ° ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤π ¥®≤ص߮ ° ≥¥≤°¥°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب ≥∞°£• !Æπ ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤π £°Æ ¢• °Æ°¨π≥•§ ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ∑®°¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب ©≥ §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ °Æ§ ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ®Ø∑ ∞≤Ø¢°¢¨• °Æ§ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ®Ø∑ ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ ©≥

4®©Æß≥ ) µ≥•§ ¥Ø ´ÆØ∑- ¥®• ≥¥°¥©£ ¢•§. ¥®≤•≥®Ø¨§ ض ≠Ø¥©ØÆ. ¢•§ ¨Ø°§. °Æ§ ≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥* *Ø≤©≥ 4* %ßß•Æ®µ©≥•Æ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5¥≤•£®¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π (•©§•¨¢•≤ߨ°°Æ . 5¥≤•£®¥ ¥®• .•¥®•≤¨°Æ§≥

™ ¥ •ßß•Æ®µ©≥•Æ$µµ ƨ

-°Æπ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ©Æ∂ب∂• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©∂• £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ 4®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©∂• ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ µ≥•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®©≥ ©Æ∂•≤≥©ØÆ Ø¶ §πÆ°≠©£ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥¥°¥©£ •Æ§ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©≥ ض¥•Æ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ./¥® £•Æ¥µ≤π ®π§≤°µ¨©£≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ )Æ ©¥≥ ≠Ø≥¥ ≥©≠∞¨• ¶Ø≤≠ ¥®©≥ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ µ≥•≥ ° ¥≤©)∞°≤¥©¥• §©∂©≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤•ß©≠•≥0 ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©≥ ≠Ø∂•§ °≥ ¢•§¨Ø°§ ©¶ ¥®• ¥®≤•≥®Ø¨§ ض ≠Ø∂•≠•Æ¥ ©≥ •∏£••§•§ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ßØ•≥ ©Æ¥Ø ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ©¶ ©¥ ©≥ •∏£••§•§ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ °Æ§ ¥®©≥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ©≥ µÆ§•≤¨°©Æ ¢π ° ¢•§ ض ≥¥°¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∞°≤¥©£¨•≥ ° ≥¥°¥• ¥Ø ∑®©£® °¨¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °¨≥Ø ≤•¥µ≤Æ≥ °¥ ¥®• •Æ§ ض ° ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ •∂•Æ¥ 7®©¨• ¥®• °∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®©≥ ≥©≠∞¨• ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤𠧕∞Ø≥©¥ °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ©≥ ≤Ø¢µ≥¥ ض¥•Æ ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥ °Æ§ ¥®µ≥ ≥µ££•≥≥¶µ¨ ©¥ ¨°ß≥ ¢•®©Æ§ ≠ا•≤Æ £ØÆ£•∞¥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®• §πÆ°≠©£≥ ض ≥ب©§ ∞°≤¥©£¨•≥ ©Æ ¶¨µ©§≥ 4®©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ∑©¨¨ ≤•∂©•∑ ≤•£•Æ¥ ¥≤•°¥≠•Æ¥≥ ض ∞®π≥©£°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ Ø∞•≤°¥©Æß §µ≤©Æß ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ض ∞°≤¥©£¨•≥ ©Æ ¶¨µ©§≥ ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• §©≤•£¥¨π °∞∞¨©•§ ¥Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ®©ß®¨©ß®¥ ∑®•≤• ¥®•≥• ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ £°Æ £≤©¥©£°¨¨π °§∂°Æ£• ص≤ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´≥ 4®• ¥°¨´ ∑©¨¨ §•≥£≤©¢• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ≤•ß©≠•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ß•Æ¥¨• ¶¨Ø∑ °¨¨ ¥®• ∑°π ¥Ø ∂©ßØ≤ص≥ •Æ•≤ß•¥©£ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ )¥ ∑©¨¨ ≥¥°≤¥ ¢π §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥©Æß ¥®°¥ ≠©Æµ¥• °≠صƥ≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £°Æ ¢• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥•§ ¢Ø¥® °≥ ¢•§¨Ø°§ °Æ§ ≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ ¨Ø°§ °¥ ¥®• ß•Æ¥¨•≥¥ ض ¶¨Ø∑ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¥®≤•≥®Ø¨§ ض ≠Ø¥©ØÆ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤ §Ø•≥ ÆØ¥ •∏©≥¥ ! ≤©£® ≥µ©¥• ض ß≤°©Æ)¶¨µ©§)ß≤°©Æ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ Ø££µ≤ °¥ ®©ß®•≤ •Æ•≤ß©•≥ ∑®©£® °≤• ≥µ££•≥≥¶µ¨¨π §•≥£≤©¢•§ ∑©¥® ¶≤©£¥©ØÆ°¨)¥π∞• ≤®•Ø¨Øß©•≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ´©Æ•¥©£ ¥®•Ø≤π ض ß°≥≥•≥ ! §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ¶¨Ø∑)§•∞Ø≥©¥ ©Æ¥•≤¶°£• ©• ° ¢•§ ©≥ ≠©≥≥©Æß ©Æ ¥®•≥• ≤•ß©≠•≥ )Æ ¥®• Ø∂•≤¨π©Æß ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ≤•ß©≠• ©¥ ®°≥ ≤•£•Æ¥¨π ¢•£Ø≠• £¨•°≤ ∑®°¥ ¥®• §πÆ°≠©£ ¨©Æ´°ß•≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥∞•£©¶©•§ ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ¥®• °¢≥بµ¥• ¨Ø°§ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °≤• &©Æ°¨¨π ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥•≥ ¥®°¥ ¶¨µ©§ ¶¨Ø∑ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• ∞Ø≤ص≥ ¢•§ ©≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ©Æ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ¶Ø≤≠©Æß £Ø≠≠ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥

-

0¨°Æ¶Ø≤≠ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠•°Æ§•≤©Æß ≤©∂•≤ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞≤اµ£¥≥- •∏∞°Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ∂≥* §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠/≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤≥ -°≥≥©≠©¨©°ÆØ '®©Æ°≥≥© $©∞°≤¥©≠•Æ¥Ø §© '•Ø≥£©•Æ∫• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥ª §© 0°§Ø∂° ,23,3 0°§Ø∂° )¥°¨π

≠°≥≥©≠©¨©°ÆØ ß®©Æ°≥≥©$µÆ©∞§ ©¥

&°£©•≥ ≠ا•¨≥ ¶Ø≤ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤≥ °≤• £Ø≠≠ØÆ¨π ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• °≥≥µ≠∞¥©ØÆ ¥®°¥ ≠•°Æ§•≤ ¢•Æ§≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ¥®•©≤ ≥©ÆµØ≥©¥π °≥ ≠•°Æ§•≤)¢•Æ§ °∞©£•≥ ≠©ß≤°¥• ¥≤°Æ≥∂•≤≥• ¥Ø ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨)¢•¨¥ °∏©≥ ©• ¢•Æ§ •∏∞°Æ≥©ØÆ 7©§•≥∞≤•°§ °∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®©≥ ≠ا•¨ ©Æ ¥®• °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≤•£Ø≤§ •Æ®°Æ£•§ §•¥•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¨°¥•≤°¨¨π °££≤•¥©Æß ¢°≤≥ ®©Æ§•≤©Æß ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø§πÆ°≠©£≥ ∑®©£® £°Æ ¢• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ≠ا•≤Æ ≠•°Æ§•≤©Æß ≤©∂•≤≥ $•≥∞©¥• §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠)≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤≥ $-&0" °≤• ¨•≥≥ ´ÆØ∑Æ ¥®°Æ ¥®• £¨°≥≥©£°¨ •∏∞°Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ØÆ•≥ %8&0" Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠ا•≤Æ ≤©∂•≤≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ° ∑©§•≥∞≤•°§ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ °Æ§ ®©ß®¨©ß®¥ ¥®°¥ ∞¨°Æ¶Ø≤≠ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤≥ ©≥ £Ø≠≠ØÆ¨π ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¨°¥•≤°¨ °££≤•¥©ØÆ °Æ§ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ %8&0" °Æ§ $-&0" ∑©¨¨ ¢• £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ®•≤• ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض0 © £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ≤•±µ©≤•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®•©≤ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥+ ©© ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ≥¥≤°¥°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• + ©©© ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ ض ≤•¨°¥•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¢•¨¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®• Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• ض ≤•≥©≥¥°Æ¥ ¢°Æ´≥ ©≥ ≤•±µ©≤•§ ¶Ø≤ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض $-&0" ,°¥•≤°¨ £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¢•¨¥≥ •©¥®•≤ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ Ø≤ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ £°Æ ¥≤©ßß•≤ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °§™°£•Æ¥ $-&0" )Æ ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π £Øƶ©Æ•§ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ %8&0" °≤• §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ °¨¥®Øµß® ©≥ب°¥•§ ≠•°Æ§•≤ ¢•Æ§≥ £°Æ ≠©ß≤°¥• §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ °¶¥•≤ ©≠∞©Æß©Æß °ß°©Æ≥¥ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ)≤•≥©≥¥°Æ¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶©¨¨ ≠µ§ )Æ ¢Ø¥® $-&0" °Æ§ %8&0" ¥®• £Ø°≤≥•≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ Ø££µ≤ µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ .•∂•≤¥®•¨•≥≥ µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ¢°≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °≤• ≤°≤•¨π ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ∑®•≤• ≠•°Æ§•≤ ¢•Æ§≥ ≠©ß≤°¥• §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ $Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠)¢°≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °≤• ≥©≠©¨°≤ ©Æ $-&0" °Æ§ %8&0" ∑®•≤• ° £¨•°≤ ° §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ §•£≤•°≥• ©Æ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• Ø££µ≤≥ &©Æ•)ß≤°©Æ•§ £ØµÆ¥•≤)∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤≥ Ø≤ £Ø°≤≥•)ß≤°©Æ•§ •§§π)°££≤•¥©ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ £°Æ £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫• ¥®• ¥°©¨ ض $-&0" ≥∞•£©¶©£°¨¨π ∑®•≤• ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨)¶¨Ø∑ ©≠∞©Æß•≥ °¥ ®©ß® °Æߨ• °ß°©Æ≥¥ ¥®• ص¥•≤ ¢°Æ´ #®°ÆÆ•¨ ¢•¨¥≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π %8&0" °≤• ¶¨ØØ≤•§ ¢π ©≤≤•ßµ¨°≤ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ ®Ø≥¥©Æß •¨ØÆß°¥•§ ≥∞ØØÆ)≥®°∞•§ §•∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ¢•£Ø≠©Æß §••∞•≤ ≠Ø∂©Æß °∑°π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨)¢•¨¥ °∏©≥ $©¶¶•≤•Æ¥¨π ¢•¨¥≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π $-&0" §•∂•¨Ø∞ £≤Ø≥≥)≥•£¥©ØÆ°¨ £Øƶ©ßµ≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶•°¥µ≤©Æß ¥∑Ø ≠°©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ¥≤•Æ£®•≥ £Ø≠≠ØÆ¨π ¶©¨¨•§ ∑©¥® ¢°≤ ¥°©¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ $©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≤°¥•≥ ض °ßß≤°§°¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• °¨≥Ø £ØÆ≥©§•≤•§ ¥Ø °¶¶•£¥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨)¢•¨¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥

12آإ©£2 ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ߕبØßπ ØÆ -°≤≥ / ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©Æß °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °¥ '°¨• £≤°¥•≤ 3°Æ™••∂ 'µ∞¥° °Æ§ ¥®• -3, 4•°≠ )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ

≥ ßµ∞¥°$©≠∞•≤©°¨ °£ µ´

-°≤≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ¥®• Øƨπ Ø¥®•≤ •∂©§•Æ£• °≥©§• ¶≤Ø≠ %°≤¥® ض ¥®• ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑ ض ∑°¥•≤ °¥ ° ∞¨°Æ•¥°≤π ≥µ≤¶°£• &ص≤ §•£°§•≥ ض Ø≤¢©¥°¨ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• ≤•∂•°¨•§ ° ≤©£® ≤•£Ø≤§ ض •≤Ø≥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¨°Æ§¶Ø≤≠≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ¥Ø ®°∂• ¶Ø≤≠•§ ¢π °Æ£©•Æ¥ °±µ•Øµ≥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ 4®•≥• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ∞°≥¥ £¨©≠°¥©£ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ -°≤≥ °Æ§ ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞°¨°•Ø£¨©≠°¥•≥ &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ¥®•π ©Æ¶Ø≤≠ µ≥ °¢Øµ¥ ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¶Ø≤ ≤Ø£´≥ ØÆ -°≤≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ¥°©Æ ° ≤•£Ø≤§ ض °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ¨©¶• (Ø∑•∂•≤ Ƶ≠•≤ص≥ ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ≥ ≤•≠°©Æ °¢Øµ¥ ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¥©≠©Æß ≠°ßÆ©¥µ§• °Æ§ §µ≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∑°¥•≤ °£¥©∂©¥π ØÆ -°≤≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥•±µ•Æ£• ض •∂•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∑°¥•≤ ¶¨Ø∑ °¥ ¥®• ≠°≤¥©°Æ ≥µ≤¶°£• !≥ ° ≤•≥µ¨¥ Ø≤¢©¥°¨ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ≤•±µ©≤• ¥•≥¥©Æß °ß°©Æ≥¥ ©Æ ≥©¥µ ¶©•¨§)¢°≥•§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥Ø °££µ≤°¥•¨π ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ≠°≤¥©°Æ ∞°¨°•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ )Æ ¥®©≥ ¥°¨´ ) ∑©¨¨ §•≥£≤©¢• ®Ø∑ ¥®• -°≤≥ 3£©•Æ£• ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤𠥕°≠ ®°∂• ¢••Æ °Æ°¨π≥©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´≥ °¥ '°¨• £≤°¥•≤ ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ®©≥¥Ø≤π ض •°≤¨π -°≤≥ 4®≤ص߮ §•¥°©¨•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ °Æ§ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ≤Ø∂•≤ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑• ®°∂• ¢••Æ °¢¨• ¥Ø §•≤©∂• ° ≤Ø¢µ≥¥ ≠ا•¨ ¶Ø≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨¨π ®°¢©¥°¢¨• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ °¥ '°¨• )Æ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ) ∑©¨¨ ≥®Ø∑ ®Ø∑ £¨°≥≥©£ ¶©•¨§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ •Æ°¢¨• µ≥ ¥Ø ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ° ¶©≤≥¥ Ø≤§•≤ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π ¶Ø≤ ¥®•≥• ≠°≤¥©°Æ ≤Ø£´≥ °Æ§ ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ° ∂°≤©•¥π ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ ¥®°¥ ≤°Æß• ¶≤Ø≠ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ £≤Ø≥≥)¢•§§•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ °•Ø¨©°Æ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ) ∑©¨¨ £ØÆ£¨µ§• ¢π ®©ß®¨©ß®¥©Æß ¥®• ≤ب• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ©Æ µ∞£Ø≠©Æß ≠©≥≥©ØÆ≥

./

3•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ Ø£•°Æ©£ ©≥¨°Æ§ °≤£≥ !¨°≥¥°©≤ 2Ø¢•≤¥≥ØÆ 3£®Øب ض '•Ø3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® *°≠•≥ (µ¥¥ØÆ 2Ø°§ %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(+ ,&% 5+

°¨°≥¥°©≤ ≤Ø¢•≤¥≥ØÆ$•§ °£ µ´

3Ø ∑®π °≠ ) ¥°¨´©Æß °¢Øµ¥ ¥®• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ£• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ©Æ Ø£•°Æ©£ ©≥¨°Æ§ °≤£≥; $µ≤©Æß ≠π 0®$ ∑Ø≤´ ©Æ ¥®• -

.

4!,+ 02%3%.4!4)/.3

3¥≤°¥°¨ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß °Æ§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ∞°¨•Ø¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ©Æ §••∞∑°¥•≤ ¢°≥©Æ≥

'©¨¨©°Æ !∞∞≥ 5 &≤°Æ´ 0••¨ . $ØÆ°¨§ #®≤©≥¥©• G °Æ§ %≥¥®•≤ 3µ≠Æ•≤ G

3 "%' 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 4•∏°≥ °¥ !µ≥¥©Æ9 . "%' 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 4•∏°≥ °¥ !µ≥¥©Æ9 )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• 5+9 , 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 5+

ß©¨¨©°Æ≠°≤ß°≤•¥°∞∞≥$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

4•£¥ØÆ©£ °£¥©∂©¥π ©≥ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ¶≤Ø≠ •∂©§•Æ£• ض ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ≤•¨©•¶ °¥ ¥®• ≥•° ¶¨ØØ≤ ≥µ£® °≥ ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤≥ ض ≥¨Ø∞• ©Æ≥¥°¢©¨©¥π 7• £®°¨¨•Æß• ¥®©≥ ∞≤•£ØÆ£•∞¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ° ≥©≠∞¨• ¶Ø≤∑°≤§ ≠ا•¨ ¥®°¥ ß•Æ•≤°¥•≥ ≥¥≤°¥°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ °Æ§ ¢°≥©Æ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ¥®≤ص߮ ¥©≠• µ≥©Æß ØÆ¨π ¥®≤•• ∂°≤©°¢¨•≥0 ¥®• ≤°¥•≥ ض £¨°≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ≤¶°£• ≤©≥• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ß≤Ø∑¥® °Æ§ ∞•¨°ß©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ 7®•¥®•≤ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π §•∂•¨Ø∞≥ ©Æ ° ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨¨π °£¥©∂• ¢°≥©Æ §•∞•Æ§≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≤°¥•≥ "•®°∂©Øµ≤ ©≥ ¢©≠ا°¨0 °¢Ø∂• ° £≤©¥©£°¨ ≤°¥©Ø ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ß≤Ø∑≥ ≤°∞©§¨π ¢µ¥ ¢•¨Ø∑ ©¥ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ©≥ ≤°∞©§¨π ≥∑°≠∞•§ £≤•°¥©Æß Æ•°≤)¶¨°¥ ≥•°¶¨ØØ≤ 4®©≥ ©≥ ≥®Ø∑Æ ¢π ¥®• ≠ا•≤Æ 'µ¨¶ ض -•∏©£Ø 7®•≤• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥¨Ø∞• ©≥ ¨Ø∑ ≥•° ¶¨ØØ≤ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ©≥ §≤°≠°¥©£ ∑©¥® ®©ß®≥ Ø∂•≤ ≥°¨¥ ®©ß®≥ °Æ§ ¨Ø∑≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≥°¨¥ ∑©¥®§≤°∑°¨ ¢°≥©Æ≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ∑®•≤• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏ ©≥ ®©ß® ¥®•≤• ©≥ ¨©¥¥¨• ¥Ø ÆØ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ≥µ≤¶°£• ≤•¨©•¶+ ¥®• ≥¨Ø∞• ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ©≥ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞© ¶°Æ ≥µ≤¶°£• 4®• ≥°≠• ©≥ °¨≥Ø ¥≤µ• ض ص¥£≤Ø∞ °≤•°≥ &Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• ©¥ ©≥ °≥≥µ≠•§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• '≤Œ≥ §I!ÆÆØ¥ ¢°≥©Æ ©Æ ∑®©£® ≥¨Ø∞• ¶°©¨µ≤• ∑°≥ ≤°≤• ∑°≥ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨¨π ±µ©•≥£•Æ¥ ∑®©¨• -µ¥¥•´Ø∞¶)'Ø≥°µ ∑°≥ ≥¥≤ØÆß¨π °£¥©∂• /µ≤ ≠ا•¨≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≤°¥• §©¶¶•≤•Æ£• ≠°π ®°∂• ¢••Æ ±µ©¥• ≥µ¢¥¨• ∑©¥® 'Ø≥°µ °¢Ø∂• ¥®• ¥©∞∞©Æß ∞Ø©Æ¥ ≤°¥©Ø °Æ§ !ÆÆØ¥ ¢•¨Ø∑ ©¥ /µ≤ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ .$ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ©¨¨µ≥¥≤°¥•≥ ®Ø∑ ¢°≥©Æ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π •∂ب∂•≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥©≠• )¥ ©≥ ≥©≠∞¨• °Æ§ ¶°≥¥+ ©¥ ©≥ §•≥©ßÆ•§ ¥Ø °¨¨Ø∑ ° µ≥•≤ ¥Ø §Ø ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ≤µÆ≥ °Æ§ ©¥•≤°¥• ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¥®• ¢•≥¥ ¶©¥ ض Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π 7• ¶°∂Ø≤ ¥®©≥ °∞∞≤Ø°£® ∑®©£® µ≥•≥ §°¥° ¥Ø £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ ¥®• ≠ا•¨ µÆ¥©¨ ©¥ ≠°¥£®•≥ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ °≥ Ø∞∞Ø≥•§ ¥Ø ° £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ¶Ø≤∑°≤§)≠ا•¨¨©Æß ≥¥≤°¥•ßπ ∑®©£® ≤•±µ©≤•≥ ¥®• µ≥•≤ ¥Ø ´ÆØ∑ ¥®• µÆ´ÆØ∑°¢¨• •ß ¥®• ≥£°¨• ض ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ -ا•¨¨©Æß G$ ∞°¨•Ø¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ∑©¨¨ ≤•±µ©≤• ° £≤Ø≥≥)§©≥£©∞¨©Æ• •¶¶Ø≤¥ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥©Æß ≥•©≥≠©£ ∑•¨¨ £Ø≤• °Æ§ ص¥£≤Ø∞ §°¥° ∑©¥® ≥صƧ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥

..

!¥≠Ø≥∞®•≤©£ °Æ§ Ø£•°Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• +©≠≠•≤©§ß• #¨°π &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ

%* !¥°≤ 5 ! !∞¨©Æ  *)≠¢•≤  47°ßÆ•≤ . # -°≤∫ G " 3£®Æ•¥ß•≤ J 6 ,°≠ص≤•µ∏)6°≤ =

3 $•∞¥ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ $µ≤®°≠ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 5+ . )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ض 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß (•≤©Ø¥ 7°¥¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ , 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4  )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ¶Ø≤ #®•≠©≥¥≤π °Æ§ "©Ø¨Øßπ ض ¥®• -°≤©Æ• %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض /¨§•Æ¢µ≤ß '•≤≠°Æπ 2 )&0 %Æ•≤ß©•≥ Æص∂•¨¨•≥ =)&0%.> $©≤•£¥©ØÆ 'œØ≥£©•Æ£•≥ +.@2. 2µ•©¨A-°¨≠°©≥ØÆ &≤°Æ£• •¨©∫°¢•¥® °¥°≤$§µ≤®°≠ °£ µ´

!¥≠Ø≥∞®•≤©£ £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¨ØÆß ¢••Æ •∂Ø´•§ °≥ ° ´•π §≤©∂•≤ ©Æ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢¨°£´ ≥®°¨•≥ /∞¥©≠µ≠ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¢µ≤©°¨ ض Ø≤ß°Æ©£ £°≤¢ØÆ ∞≤•∂°©¨ ∑®•Æ ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨π ض Ƶ¥≤©•Æ¥≥ •Æ®°Æ£•≥ ∞≤اµ£¥©∂©¥π °Æ§ §•∞¨•¥•≥ Ø∏πß•Æ ©Æ ¥®• Ø£•°Æ ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ ∑°¥•≤≥ )Æ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ §°π ¥®• ¶¨µ∏ ض Ƶ¥≤©•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ¥®• Ø£•°Æ≥ ©≥ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤¨π ®©ß® µÆ§•≤ ¥®• ©ÆÆ•≤ °Æ§ ص¥•≤ ¨©≠¢≥ ض ¥®• (°§¨•π #•¨¨ 5Ƨ•≤ ¥®• °≥£•Æ§©Æß ¨©≠¢ ض ¥®• (°§¨•π #•¨¨ Ƶ¥≤©•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏ ¥Ø ¥®• Ø£•°Æ ©≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ §µ• ¥Ø •Æ®°Æ£• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ∑•°¥®•≤©Æß °Æ§ ≤µÆض¶ !¥ ¥®• ص¥•≤ ¨©≠¢ ض ¥®• (°§¨•π #•¨¨ ≥µ≤¶°£• ∑©Æ§≥ §©∂•≤ß• °Æ§ ≥µ≤¶°£• Ø£•°Æ ∑°¥•≤≥ °≤• §©≥∞¨°£•§ ∑®©£® ∞≤Ø≠Ø¥•≥ µ∞∑•¨¨©Æß Ø¶ £Ø¨§•≤ Ƶ¥≤©•Æ¥ ≤©£® ∑°¥•≤ )Æ ¢Ø¥® ≥£•Æ°≤©Ø≥ •Æ®°Æ£•§ Ƶ¥≤©•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π §≤©∂•≥ ¥®• ∞≤اµ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ £°≤¢ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• £≤•°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ©§•°¨ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ! £¨©≠°¥• ≠ا•¨ £Ø≠∞µ¥•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• 5∞∞•≤ *µ≤°≥≥©£ ∞≤•§©£¥≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• (°§¨•π £•¨¨ ∑°≥ •∏∞°Æ§•§ °Æ§ ¨Ø£°¥•§ Ø∂•≤ ¥®• 5+ ≥•£¥Ø≤ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• +©≠≠•≤©§ß• #¨°π &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ 7• ®°∂• ° £ØƧµ£¥•§ ° ≠µ¨¥©∞≤Ø∏π ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ °Æ§ ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£ ≥¥µ§π ض ° ¨°¥•≤°¨¨π •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥ £≤Ø≥≥ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ≤°Æß©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ $Ø≤≥•¥ 5+ ¥Ø ,ØÆßπ•°≤¢π•Æ 3∞©¥∫¢•≤ß•Æ ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ ¥®°¥ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• (°§¨•π #•¨¨ ∑°≥ ° ´•π §≤©∂•≤ ض ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• °≠صƥ≥ ض Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≠°¥¥•≤ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ¥®• +©≠≠•≤©§ß• #¨°π &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ 4®• £®•≠©£°¨ ∑•°¥®•≤©Æß °Æ§ ≤°©Æ¶°¨¨ ∞≤Ø∏©•≥ °≤• ®©ß® °Æ§ £ØÆ≥¥°Æ¥ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• ≥¥µ§©•§ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ≥µßß•≥¥©Æß ¥®•≤• ∑°≥ ÆØ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ £¨©≠°¥• (Ø∑•∂•≤ 4/# °Æ§ #°#/ G ¢Ø¥® ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ∞≤اµ£¥©∂©¥π ©Æ ≥µ≤¶°£• ∑°¥•≤≥ °Æ§ Ø£•°Æ £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆM¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ ∑°¥•≤ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ∂°≤©°¢¨• °Æ§ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥• 4®©≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• (°§¨•π #•¨¨ ≠°π ®°∂• ∞¨°π•§ °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ≤ب• ©Æ 5∞∞•≤ *µ≤°≥≥©£ ¢¨°£´ ≥®°¨• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¢µ¥ ¥®°¥ ≥µ¢¥¨• Ø£•°ÆØß≤°∞®©£ °Æ§ ¢°¥®π≠•¥≤©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ≠°π ®°∂• ®°§ ° ≠Ø≤• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ≤ب•

&©≤≥¥ §•¥°©¨•§ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ض ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £°ÆπØÆ ¢•Æ§ ≥®Ø∑ ≥µ≥¥°©Æ•§ ≤©∂•≤/≤•∂•≤≥•§ ≥•£ØƧ°≤𠣩≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ

-°≤©° !∫∞©≤Ø∫ 5/8  -°¥¥®©•µ *" #°≤¥©ßÆπ . 0•¥•≤ * 4°¨¨©Æß . $°Æ©•¨ 2 0°≤≥ØÆ≥ G %≥¥®•≤ * 3µ≠Æ•≤ J -©£®°•¨ ! #¨°≤•  °Æ§ #Ø≤¥©≥ #ØØ∞•≤ =

3 .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ %µ≤Ø∞•°Æ 7°π 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3/3 ,:( 5+ . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Øß≤°∞®π $µ≤®°≠ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ,Ø∑•≤ -صƥ™Øπ 3ص¥® 2Ø°§ $µ≤®°≠ $(3 ,,% 5+ , $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Øß≤°∞®π %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض (µ¨¨ #Ø¥¥©Æß®°≠ 2Ø°§ (µ¨¨ (5* 28 5+  /£•°Æ °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3/3 ,:( 5+ 2 #®•∂≤ØÆ %Æ•≤ßπ 4•£®ÆبØßπ #Ø≠∞°Æπ *DD3 "ب¨©Æß•≤ #°ÆπØÆ 2Ø°§ 3°Æ 2°≠ØÆ #! +2@, 53!

≠ °∫∞©≤Ø∫$≥Ø¥ØÆ °£ µ´

4µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤≠ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ∑®Ø≥• •∏¥•Æ¥ ≤©∂°¨≥ Ø≤ •∏£••§≥ ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ ¢π ≤©∂•≤≥ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ØÆ ¨°Æ§ )Æ ≤©∂•≤≥ ¥®• £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £•Æ¥≤©¶µß°¨ ¶Ø≤£•≥ °Æ§ ≤°§©°¨ ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• ß≤°§©•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¢•Æ§≥ ©Æ§µ£•≥ £≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤•°≠ £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ¥®°¥ £Øµ∞¨•§ ∑©¥® §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ¶¨Ø∑ ß•Æ•≤°¥•≥ ° ®•¨©£°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ )Æ ≤©∂•≤≥ ¥®• £≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤•°≠ Ø≤ ≥•£ØƧ°≤𠣩≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ©≥ §©≤•£¥•§ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¥®• ص¥•≤ ¢•Æ§ °¥ ≥µ≤¶°£• ¨•∂•¨ °Æ§ ¥®• ©ÆÆ•≤ ¢•Æ§ °¥ ¥®• ≤©∂•≤¢•§ 4®©≥ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ßØ∂•≤Æ≥ ∑°¥•≤£Øµ≤≥• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ ¥®≤ص߮ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ض •≤Ø≥©ØÆ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©Æ ≠•°Æ§•≤©Æß ≤©∂•≤≥ 7®©¨≥¥ ¥®•≤• °≤• ¥®Øµ≥°Æ§≥ ض §©≤•£¥ ¶¨Ø∑ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ≤©∂•≤≥ ¥®•≤• °≤• ¶•∑ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ 4µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ §πÆ°≠©£≥ ®°∂• £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π ¢••Æ ≥¥µ§©•§ ≠°©Æ¨π ¥®≤ص߮ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ °Æ§ ≠°¥®•≠°¥©£°¨ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß °∞∞≤Ø°£®•≥+ ∑©¥® ° ≥≠°¨¨ Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض §©≤•£¥ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¶©•¨§)≥£°¨• §•Æ≥©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ 4®•≥• §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ °∞∞≤Ø°£®•≥ ®°∂• §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥•§ £ØÆ¥≤°§©£¥Ø≤π ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض ¥®• Ø≤©•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•£ØƧ°≤𠣩≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ+ ∑®•¥®•≤ ©¥ ©≥ ≤©∂•≤)¨©´• Ø≤ ≤©∂•≤)≤•∂•≤≥• (•≤• ∑• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ض ¥®• ≥•£ØƧ°≤𠣩≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ¶µ¨¨)≥£°¨• Ø£•°Æ©£ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ 7• £ØÆ≥©§•≤ / ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ©Æ ¥®• #ØÆßØ #°ÆπØÆ ∑©¥® ®©ß®¨π ∂°≤©°¢¨• ≥©∫•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ./ ¥Ø / ≠ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ≤•°£®©Æß ∂•¨Ø£©¥©•≥ ®©ß®•≤ ¥®°Æ = ≠M≥ /µ≤ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß ° ¥©ß®¥ ¢•Æ§ ©Æ ¥®• #ØÆßØ #°ÆπØÆ §©≥∞¨°π ° ≥•£ØƧ°≤𠣩≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• £Ø≠∞≤©≥©Æß ¥∑Ø ≥¥°£´•§ £•¨¨≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ≠°©Æ¥°©Æ•§ ¶Ø≤ ° ¨°≤ß• ∂°≤©•¥π ض ¶¨Ø∑ ≥©∫•≥ 4®• ¨Ø∑•≤≠Ø≥¥ £•¨¨ ®°≥ ° £ØÆ≥©≥¥•Æ¥ ≤©∂•≤)≤•∂•≤≥• £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ Ø≤©•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ 4®•≥• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ °≤• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¢•£°µ≥• ≤©∂•≤)≤•∂•≤≥•§ ≥•£ØƧ°≤𠶨Ø∑ ∑©¨¨ ¥•Æ§ ¥Ø ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¥®• ص¥•≤ ¢•Æ§ 4®©≥ ≠•°Æ≥ ¥®°¥ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤≥ ØÆ ¥®• ©ÆÆ•≤ ¢•Æ§ ∑®©£® °≤• £¨°≥≥©£°¨¨π Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ≤©∂•≤≥ ∑ص¨§ ÆØ¥ ¶Ø≤≠ ©Æ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £°ÆπØÆ≥

.Ø∂•¨ -©∏•§ 3°Æ§/-µ§ "•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ 0≤©≠°≤π #µ≤≤•Æ¥ 3¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® '≤©¥≥ °Æ§ "Ø≤¥® -µ§≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥

.G

"°°≥. *°£Ø ( 5 "°´•≤ -•ß°Æ  3•°¨ 2•¢•££°  +°Æ• )°Æ . "°≤´•≤ 3©≠ØÆ G

3 3£®Øب ض /£•°Æ 3£©•Æ£•≥ "°ÆßØ≤ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π -•Æ°© "≤©§ß• )≥¨• ض !Æߨ•≥•π 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠ . 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 4®• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠ , 3¥°¥Ø©¨ 2•≥•°≤£® E 4•£®ÆبØßπ "•≤ß•Æ .Ø≤∑°π

™ ¢°°≥$¢°ÆßØ≤ °£ µ´

.Ø∂•¨ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ ∞≤©≠°≤π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ∑•≤• §©≥£Ø∂•≤•§ ©Æ ¥®• 3©¨µ≤©°Æ !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® '≤©¥≥ °Æ§ "Ø≤¥® -µ§≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ 7•≥¥ 7°¨•≥ ∑®©£® °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¥®•≥• §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ ¥Ø ¢• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤اµ£¥≥ ض ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ¨°≠©Æ°≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ≥•Æ≥µ "°°≥ •¥ °¨ .//- 3•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ 2•£•Æ¥ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ "°°≥ •¥ °¨ ./D * '•Ø¨ 3Ø£ ®°∂• ≥®Ø∑Æ ¥®°¥ §•£•¨•≤°¥©Æß ¶¨Ø∑≥ £°≤≤π©Æß £Ø®•≥©∂• £¨°π °Æ§ ÆØÆ)£Ø®•≥©∂• ≥©¨¥ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§ ∞≤اµ£• µÆ©±µ• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ /∑©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• °¢©¨©¥π ض £Ø®•≥©∂• £¨°π ¥Ø ≠ا©¶π ¶¨Ø∑ °Æ§ ¢•§ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ N £°µ≥©Æß ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑ ¥Ø £®°Æß• ¥Ø §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¥π∞•≥ ض ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ±µ°≥©)¨°≠©Æ°≤ ¶¨Ø∑ N O£¨°≥≥©£I £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≤©∞∞¨•≥ £®°Æß• ©Æ¥Ø ¨°≤ß• ≤©∞∞¨•≥ °Æ§ ∑°≥®•§)ص¥ ≤©∞∞¨•≥ °Æ§ µ∞∞•≤) ≥¥°ß• ∞¨°Æ• ¢•§ £®°Æß• ©Æ¥Ø °≠ØÆß≥¥ Ø¥®•≤≥ ¨Ø∑)°≠∞¨©¥µ§• ¢•§∑°∂•≥ °≥ £¨°π £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ©≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ !¥ ∂•≤π ®©ß® £¨°π £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ∑®•≤• ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ£• ©≥ ≥¥≤ØÆß¨π °¥¥•Æµ°¥•§ Ø≤ ≥µ∞∞≤•≥≥•§ £Ø®•≥©∂• ∞¨°Æ• ¢•§ ©≥ ≠Ø≥¥ £Ø≠≠ØÆ 4®•≥• £Ø®•≥©∂• ∞¨°Æ• ¢•§≥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥ ض ®•¥•≤ب©¥®©£ ®Ø≤©∫ØÆ¥°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠ ض °¨¥•≤Æ°¥©Æß ≠µ§ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§M≥©¨¥ ¨°≠©Æ°• ¶Ø≤≠•§ ©Æ ≥¥•°§π ¶¨Ø∑ ¥®µ≥ ∑©¥®Øµ¥ ¥®• Æ••§ ¥Ø ©Æ∂Ø´• ∞•≤©Ø§©£ ¶¨µ£¥µ°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¶¨Ø∑ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π 4®•≥• Æ•∑ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ¥π∞•≥ ∑•≤• £°∞¥µ≤•§ ©Æ ° ∞®°≥• §©°ß≤°≠ ض ÆØÆ)§©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥¥≤•Æߥ® °ß°©Æ≥¥ £¨°π £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ °≥ 𩕨§ ≥¥≤•Æߥ® 4Ø ∂•≤©¶π ©¶ ¥®•≥• ¨°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π)≥£°¨• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ®°∂• Æ°¥µ≤°¨ •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥≥ ¶©•¨§∑Ø≤´ ∑°≥ £ØƧµ£¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• §©≥¥°¨ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•)≤©£® ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• 3©¨µ≤©°Æ §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® '≤©¥≥ °Æ§ "Ø≤¥® -µ§≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ 7•≥¥ 7°¨•≥ -µ¨¥©∞¨• •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ ≠©∏•§ ≥°Æ§)≠µ§ ∑•≤• ¶ØµÆ§ !≥ ¥®•≥• £µ≤≤•Æ¥)©Æ§µ£•§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ∑•≤• ≤•≠°≤´°¢¨π ≥©≠©¨°≤ ¥Ø ¥®Ø≥• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ¥®• ¨°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π ¥®•©≤ ≠ا• ض ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ¥π∞•≥ ض ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ±µ°≥©)¨°≠©Æ°≤ ¶¨Ø∑ ¥®µ≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§©Æß ¥®• Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥π ¥Ø •∏∞°Æ§ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ©Æ £Ø≤• °Æ§ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ¥Ø ° ∑©§•≤ ≤°Æß• ض ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥

4®• %¶¶•£¥ ض #¨°π 4π∞• ØÆ ¥®• 0≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ض #Ø®•≥©∂• 3•§©≠•Æ¥ '≤°∂©¥π &¨Ø∑≥

"°´•≤. -•ß°Æ 5 "°°≥ *°£Ø (  -°¨°≤´•π *ØÆ°¥®°Æ  °Æ§ #≤°©ß -•¨©≥≥° .

3 3£®Øب ض /£•°Æ 3£©•Æ£•≥ "°ÆßØ≤ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π -•Æ°© "≤©§ß• )≥¨• ض !Æߨ•≥•π 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠ . !µ≥¥≤°¨©°Æ 3£®Øب ض 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !§•¨°©§• !§•¨°©§• 3! 2DD2 !µ≥¥≤°¨©°

≠ ¢°´•≤$¢°ÆßØ≤ °£ µ´

#Ø®•≥©∂• £¨°π)¨°§•Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ 3'&≥ ®°∂• ÆØ¥ ≤•£•©∂•§ ¥®• ≥£©•Æ¥©¶©£ °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ ¥®•π §•≥•≤∂• £ØÆ≥©§•≤©Æß ¥®• °¢µÆ§°Æ£• ض £¨°π ØÆ •°≤¥® °Æ§ ¥®• ≠°Æπ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض £¨°π)¨°§•Æ 3'& §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ #Ø®•≥©∂• 3'&≥ °≤• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ Ø∑©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• §πÆ°≠©£ ©Æ¥•≤∞¨°π ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ °Æ§ £Ø®•≥©∂• ¶Ø≤£•≥ ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ µ≥©Æß ° ¨Ø£´)•∏£®°Æß• ¥°Æ´ ∑•≤• £ØƧµ£¥•§ ¥Ø £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ ¥®• ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ ض ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¨°§•Æ ∑©¥® ∑•°´¨π £Ø®•≥©∂• ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• £¨°π °Æ§ ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ £Ø®•≥©∂• ¢•Æ¥ØÆ©¥• £¨°π °¥ ° ≤°Æß• ض £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ≥•°∑°¥•≤ )Æ©¥©°¨¨π ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ¥®• ∂بµ≠•¥≤©£ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• °Æ§ ¢•Æ¥ØÆ©¥• ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¨•§ ¥Ø ° ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂• ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ¥®• ≠°∏©≠µ≠ ®•°§ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑≥ §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ §•Æ≥©¥π §©¶¶•≤•Æ£• ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ °Æ§ °≠¢©•Æ¥ ¶¨µ©§ ∑®©£® §≤©∂•≥ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ )Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ¥®• ∂بµ≠• £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• °Æ§ ¢•Æ¥ØÆ©¥• °¢Ø∂• ..P °Æ§ 

.J

!Æ°¥Ø≠π ض °Æ °Æ£©•Æ¥ °•Ø¨©°Æ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ØÆ -°≤≥- ¥®• 3¥©≠≥ØÆ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©Æ '°¨• #≤°¥•≤. -°≤≥ 3*'* "°Æ®°≠ 59  3 'µ∞¥°  $- 2µ¢©Æ . *! 7°¥´©Æ≥ G $9 3µ≠Æ•≤ J *0 '≤Ø¥∫©Æß•≤ G +7 ,•∑©≥ = +3 %§ß•¥¥ D ,! %§ß°≤ < +- 3¥°£´  * "•¨¨ - 2 %∑©Æß /  -$ $°π   -'! ,°∞Ø¥≤• G 3 )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ . 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°¨©¶Ø≤Æ©° 3°Æ¥° #≤µ∫ , #°¨©¶Ø≤Æ©° )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ض 4•£®ÆبØßπ 0°≥°§•Æ° #!  5# $°∂©≥ %°≤¥® °Æ§ 0¨°Æ•¥°≤π 3£©•Æ£•≥ #! 2 %°≤¥® °Æ§ 0¨°Æ•¥°≤π 3£©•Æ£•≥ *Ø®Æ≥ (Ø∞´©Æ≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π -$ * -°¨©Æ 3∞°£• 3£©•Æ£• 3π≥¥•≠≥ 3°Æ $©•ßØ #!  53'3 !≥¥≤ØߕبØßπ 3£©•Æ£• #•Æ¥•≤ !: @*0, 0°≥°§•Æ° #! @ *•¥ 0≤Ø∞µ¨≥©ØÆ ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π 0°≥°§•Æ° #! + 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® E 3∞°£• %∏∞  !≤©∫ØÆ° 3¥°¥• 5Æ©∂  4•≠∞• !: 3D $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ '•Ø∞®π≥©£≥ 4•∏°≥ !E- 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 33 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3£©•Æ£• *°£´≥ØÆ 3£®Øب ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£• !µ≥¥©Æ

≥ ¢°Æ®°≠$©£ °£ µ´

!•Ø¨©°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °≤• ∑©§•¨π §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ≥ب°≤ ≥π≥¥•≠ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ °•Ø¨©°Æ ≥¥≤°¥° ¥®• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ •∏∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß §µÆ• ¶©•¨§≥ ®°∂• ØÆ¨π ¢••Æ §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ ØÆ %°≤¥® °Æ§ -°≤≥ 4®• 3¥©≠≥ØÆ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ '°¨• £≤°¥•≤ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ØÆ• ض Øƨπ ¥∑Ø •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض °•Ø¨©°Æ ≥¥≤°¥° §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ ØÆ ° ∞¨°Æ•¥ Ø¥®•≤ ¥®°Æ %°≤¥® 3©Æ£• ¨°Æ§©Æß ©Æ '°¨• £≤°¥•≤ ©Æ ./. ¥®• -°≤≥ 3£©•Æ£• ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π -3, ≤Ø∂•≤ #µ≤©Ø≥©¥π ®°≥ ¥≤°∂•≤≥•§ ¥®• ∞¨°©Æ≥ ÆØ≤¥® ض !•Ø¨©≥ -ØÆ≥ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¨¨π -صƥ 3®°≤∞ §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥©Æß ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• £≤°¥•≤ ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ®°¢©¥°¢©¨©¥π ض ¥®• °Æ£©•Æ¥ -°≤¥©°Æ ≥µ≤¶°£• 2•£•Æ¥¨π ¥®• ≤Ø∂•≤ #µ≤©Ø≥©¥π •Æ£ØµÆ¥•≤•§ ¥®• 3¥©≠≥ØÆ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ° £≤Ø≥≥)¢•§§•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ∑®©£® µÆ£ØƶØ≤≠°¢¨π Ø∂•≤¨°π≥ ¥®• ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• -µ≤≤°π ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ 4®• µÆ£ØƶØ≤≠©¥π ©≥ §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ ¥Ø µÆ§µ¨°¥• ∑©¥® °Æ °≠∞¨©¥µ§• ض / ≠ ¨Ø£°¨¨π Ø∂•≤ .G/ ≠ °Æ§ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨¨π ¢π J/ ≠ Ø∂•≤  ´≠ ض ¨°¥•≤°¨ ¥≤°∂•≤≥• ≥ص¥® ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ -صƥ 3®°≤∞ 7®•≤• ß≤°©Æ≥ £°Æ ¢• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ¥®• 3¥©≠≥ØÆ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ∑•¨¨)≥Ø≤¥•§ ≠•§©µ≠)ß≤°©Æ•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥® Ø££°≥©ØÆ°¨ ¢©)≠ا°¨¨π ≥Ø≤¥•§ ≠•§©µ≠) °Æ§ ∂•≤π)£Ø°≤≥• ß≤°©Æ•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ 4®•≥• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥• ¨°≤ß•)≥£°¨• £≤Ø≥≥)¢•§§•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ≥•¥≥ µ∞ ¥Ø / ≠ ¥®©£´ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ≠≠ ¥®©£´ ≥•¨¶)∞°≤°¨¨•¨ ¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¥Ø ¢• ∑©Æ§)≤©∞∞¨•§ ¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ≥ 4®• £≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤°¥° §©∞ ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π ¥Ø∑°≤§ ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®)•°≥¥ ≥µßß•≥¥©Æß ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¢¨©±µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ≥¨Ø∞• §©≤•£¥©ØÆ #≤Ø≥≥)≥•¥≥ °≤• ≥•∞°≤°¥•§ ¢π ©Æ¥•≤§µÆ• ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ ¥®°¥ ≥µ¢§©∂©§• ¥®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¶©Æ•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ©Æ¥•≤§µÆ• ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ¥®•≥• ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ °≤• ÆØ¥ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ °Æπ∑®•≤• ØÆ ¥®• ¥≤°∂•≤≥• 7• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥ ¥®• 3¥©≠≥ØÆ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¢• ¥®• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ •∏∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° §≤π °•Ø¨©°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠ ∑®©£® °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ØÆ ° §•¶¨°¥©ØÆ°≤π µÆ£ØƶØ≤≠©¥π 4®©≥ ©≥ °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø0 ¨°≤ß• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ £≤Ø≥≥ ≥•¥≥+ ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ Ø¢¨©±µ• °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ≥¨Ø∞•+ °Æ§ °¢≥•Æ£• ض ¶©Æ•) ß≤°©Æ•§ ©Æ¥•≤§µÆ• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®• 3¥©≠≥ØÆ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ° ¨°¥•≤ ≥¥°ß• ©Æ ¥®• §≤π©Æß Øµ¥ ض '°¨• £≤°¥•≤ ∑®•≤• §µÆ•¶©•¨§≥ ≠©ß≤°¥•§ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• §•≥©££°¥•§ °Æ§ §•¶¨°¥•§ ¨°´•¢•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ¢π ¥®• -µ≤≤°π ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ

:$ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß- ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °¨ØÆß °£¥©∂• ¶°µ¨¥ ≥•ß≠•Æ¥≥

"ØÆ©¥° "°≤≤•¥¥ 5 $°∂©§ (اß≥ØÆ  2©£®°≤§ #ب¨©•≤ . °Æ§ 2Ø¢•≤¥ $Ø≤≤•¨¨ G

3 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® E %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 . "°≥©Æ 3¥≤µ£¥µ≤• '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® E %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 , 4µ≤¢©§©¥• 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® E %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4

••¢¢£°$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

4®• .Ø≤¥® 3•° ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ∞≤Ø∂©Æ£• ©≥ ≠°¥µ≤• °Æ§ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ ¥°≤ß•¥≥ °≤• ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æߨπ ¶Ø£µ≥≥•§ ØÆ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ °Æ§ £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ ¥≤°∞≥ ©Æ ≥πÆ) °Æ§ •°≤¨π ∞Ø≥¥)≤©¶¥ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ 4®•≥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °≤• °£¥©∂• §µ≤©Æß ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• °Æ§ ≠°≤©Æ• ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂• ° £Ø≠∞¨©£°¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ¥®°¥ ©≥ £®°¨¨•Æß©Æß ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ ∑©¥® £ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≠ا•¨≥ $•≥∞©¥• ¥®• °§∂°Æ£•≥ ض ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¥®•Ø≤π ¥®•≤• ≤•≠°©Æ≥ ° ¨°£´ ض µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞¨°π ض ¥®• ≠°™Ø≤ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ §©≥∞¨°£•≠•Æ¥ •µ≥¥°¥©£ ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π ©Æ G$ ! ≥ب©§ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ∑ص¨§ ¶°£©¨©¥°¥• ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ °Æ§ ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•©≤ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °Æ§ £°¨©¢≤• ©Æ ≥πÆ) °Æ§ ∞Ø≥¥)≤©¶¥ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ∑®•≤• •¨µ£©§°¥©Æß ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞¨°π ض ¥®•≥• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ©≥ £≤©¥©£°¨ 7• °§§≤•≥≥ ¥®©≥ £®°¨¨•Æß• ∑©¥® ° ÆØ∂•¨ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©£ G$ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≠ا•¨ ¥®°¥ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•≥ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π °Æ§ £ØÆ≥©§•≤≥ ¢Ø¥® °¨ØÆß)≥¥≤©´• °Æ§ §Ø∑Æ)§©∞ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ©Æ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ØÆ ° ¶°µ¨¥ ≥•ß≠•Æ¥)≥£°¨• 4®• ≠ا•¨ ß•Æ•≤°¥•≥ ° G$ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ≥µ≤¶°£• ©Æ ¥®• ®°Æß©Æß∑°¨¨ ض ° ÆØ≤≠°¨ ¶°µ¨¥ °Æ§ ≥¥°£´©Æß ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ °Æ§ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥≤°£¥≥ °≤• ∞≤•§©£¥•§ ©Æ ¥©≠• °Æ§ ≥∞°£• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ß©∂•Æ ≥•¥ ض £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ #ØÆ£•∞¥µ°¨ ¥•≥¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ µÆ§•≤¥°´•Æ ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ ¥®• ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂©¥π ض ≥•±µ•Æ£• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ¥Ø ≠°™Ø≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ∑©¥® ° ¶Ø£µ≥ µ∞ØÆ ¥®• •∏∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥πÆ) ¥Ø ∞Ø≥¥)≤©¶¥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ %∏®µ≠•§ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠ا•≤Æ ≤©¶¥≥ °≤• °Æ°¨π≥•§ °≥ °Æ°¨Øßµ•≥ •ß 'µ¨¶ ض #Ø≤©Æ¥® '≤••£• 2•≥µ¨¥≥ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• ¥®• °¨ØÆß)≥¥≤©´• °Æ§ §Ø∑Æ)§©∞ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ض ≥•±µ•Æ£• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ ° Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ≤•°¨ ≥£•Æ°≤©Ø≥ °Æ§ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• ° §©°£®≤ØÆص≥ Æ°¥µ≤• ¥Ø ≥•±µ•Æ£• ¢ØµÆ§°≤©•≥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ´•π ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ £®°¨¨•Æß• £¨°≥≥©£ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¥®•Ø≤π ¥®°¥ ≥µ£® ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ °≤• ¥©≠•)•±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥ °Æ§ ¥®µ≥ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥°¢¨• $©°£®≤ØÆ•©¥π ØÆ ° ¶°µ¨¥)¨•Æߥ® ≥£°¨• ®°≥ §©≤•£¥ ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ≥¥°¥©£ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≠ا•¨ ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ∂بµ≠• °Æ§ ∞≤اµ£¥©ØÆ ≤°¥• ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ≥ 7Ø≤´ ©≥ ¢•©Æß µÆ§•≤¥°´•Æ ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≤¥ ¥®• ≠ا•¨ ¶Ø≤ ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ °≤•°≥ ∑©¥® ¨•≥≥ §°¥° £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ¥

.=

'ØÆ• ∑©¥® ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑- ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥ض¥/¢Ø§©•§ Ø≤ß°Æ©≥≠≥ ©Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥*

/≤¨° "°¥® %Æ≤©ß®¥ 5 .©£®Ø¨°≥ -©Æ¥•≤  %≥¥®•≤ 3µ≠Æ•≤ . '°¢≤©•¨° -ºÆß°ÆØ G °Æ§ ,µ©≥ "µ°¥Ø©≥ G

3 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 0Ø≤¥≥≠ص¥® "µ≤Æ°¢π "µ©¨§©Æß "µ≤Æ°¢π 2Ø°§ 0Ø≤¥≥≠ص¥® 0/3 ,1, . 3£®Øب ض /£•°Æ °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• 7°¥•≤¶≤ØÆ¥ #°≠∞µ≥ %µ≤Ø∞•°Æ 7°π 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3/3 ,:( , $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3°≥´°¥£®•∑°Æ 33 3£©•Æ£• 0¨°£• 3°≥´°¥ØØÆ 3+ 3. 2%. #°Æ°§°

Ø≤¨° ¢°¥®A•Æ≤©ß®¥$∞Ø≤¥ °£ µ´

4®• ≠°ÆÆ•≤ ©Æ ∑®©£® ≥ض¥)¢Ø§©•§ Ø≤ß°Æ©≥≠≥ °Æ§ •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ¥®•©≤ °£¥©∂©¥©•≥ ∞°≥≥•≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ¶Ø≥≥©¨ ≤•£Ø≤§ ®°≥ ¢••Æ °¥ ¥®• ¶Ø≤•¶≤ØÆ¥ ض •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ¥°∞®ØÆØ≠π (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ ≤•≠°©Æ≥ °≥ ¥Ø ∑®°¥ ©¶ °Æπ ´©Æ§ ض ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ¥®•≥• °Æ©≠°¨≥ £Øµ¨§ ®°∂• •Æ§µ≤•§ ¢•¶Ø≤• ¢•©Æß §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ °Æ§ £Øµ¨§ ¥®•π °£¥µ°¨¨π ≥µ≤∂©∂• ≥µ£® ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥; 4®• ¨°¥¥•≤ ©≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• $ØØ≠•§ 0©ØÆ••≤ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ ©Æ ∑®©£® Ø≤ß°Æ©≥≠≥ ¨©∂©Æß ©Æ °Æ Ø∏πß•Æ°¥•§ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ °≤• £°µß®¥ µ∞ ©Æ ° ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑ °Æ§ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥•§ ¥Ø °Æ Ø∏πß•Æ §•¶©£©•Æ¥ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 4®•≥• Ø≤ß°Æ©≥≠≥ ¥®•Æ £Ø¨ØÆ©∫• °Æ§ £≤•°¥• ¥≤°£• ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ ©Æ °ÆØ∏©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °¥ ¨•°≥¥ ¢≤©•¶¨π ¢•¶Ø≤• •∂•Æ¥µ°¨¨π •∏∞©≤©Æß 4®©≥ ®°≥ ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ©≠∞°£¥ ØÆ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥©Æß ¥≤°£•)¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ ©Æ §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ !ÆƵ¨°≤ ¶¨µ≠• ¥°Æ´ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ µ≥•§ ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ¥®• •¶¶•£¥≥ ض ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥)§•Æ≥©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ØÆ ¥®• §µ≤°¢©¨©¥π °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ض ¥®• ∞Ø¨π£®°•¥• !¨©¥¥° ∂©≤•Æ≥  ! ¶©≤≥¥ ≥•¥ ض •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ¥•≥¥•§ ¥®• ©≠∞°£¥≥ ض ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ §µ≤°¥©ØÆ ß≤°©Æ °Æßµ¨°≤©¥π °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ¥®• §°≠°ß• ≥¥°¥• £°µ≥•§ ¥Ø ¶≤•≥®¨π)•µ¥®°Æ©∫•§ ≥µ¢™•£¥≥ &¨Ø∑ §µ≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ß≤°©Æ °Æßµ¨°≤©¥π ∑•≤• ¢Ø¥® ¶ØµÆ§ ¥Ø ¢• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ¥®°¥ ®°§ ≥¥°¥©≥¥©£°¨¨π ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ •¶¶•£¥≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥¥°¥• ض §°≠°ß• •∏∞•≤©•Æ£•§ ¢π ∞Ø¨π£®°•¥•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥)§•Æ≥©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ! ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ≥•¥ ض •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ∑°≥ £ØƧµ£¥•§ ¥Ø •∏∞¨Ø≤• ¥®• §ØØ≠•§ ∞©ØÆ••≤ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ ©Æ ∑®©£® ¥®• ¨©∂• ≥∞•£©≠•Æ≥ ∑•≤• ≥µ¢™•£¥•§ ¥Ø ° ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ≤•ß©≠• ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø •∏∞¨Ø≤• ¥®•©≤ ≥µ≤∂©∂°¨ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ °¶¥•≤ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °Æ§ µÆ§•≤ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¥≤•°¥≠•Æ¥≥ ض ∑°¥•≤ ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• °Æ§ Ø∏πß•Æ 2•≥µ¨¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• §ØØ≠•§ ∞©ØÆ••≤ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ °¨≥Ø ∞≤اµ£•§ ≥¥°¥©≥¥©£°¨¨π ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ !¨¨ ∞Ø¨π£®°•¥•≥ ≥µ≤∂©∂•§ ¥®• ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ≤•ß©≠• °Æ§ ∑•≤• °¨≥Ø £°∞°¢¨• ض ¢µ≤≤Ø∑©Æß ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ¥©≠• ¥°´•Æ ¥Ø ¢µ≤≤Ø∑ ∑°≥ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ®©ß®•≤ ¥®°Æ ¢π ¥®Ø≥• ¥®°¥ ®°§ ÆØ¥ µÆ§•≤ßØÆ• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥

4®• ®°¢©¥°¥≥ ض ¥•¥≤°∞ا ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨©≥°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• •°≤¨π #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥

#°≤π≥ %* "•ÆÆ•¥¥ 5 3°≤°® * $°∂©•≥  4©≠Ø¥®π ) +•°≤≥•π . $°∂©§ -©¨¨∑°≤§ . -°≤¥©Æ 2 '©¢¨©Æß G

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,•©£•≥¥•≤ ,•©£•≥¥•≤ ,%3 2( . "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π 4®• ,𕨨 #•Æ¥≤• 2•≥•°≤£® !∂•Æµ• 3ص¥® %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(3 !0 , $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ $°¨®Øµ≥©• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π (°¨©¶°∏ .Ø∂° 3£Ø¥©° ",( 2. #°Æ°§°

£•¢.@$¨• °£ µ´

4•¥≤°∞ا ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨©≥°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ ≠°π ¢• ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 4Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®©≥ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ض J. ¥•¥≤°∞ا ¨Ø£°¨©¥©•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≠©§ $•∂ØÆ©°Æ ¥Ø •Æ§ #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ ©≥ ≤•∂©•∑•§ !≤¥©£µ¨°¥•§ ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ °≤• £Ø≠≠ØÆ ©Æ ¢¨°£´ ≥®°¨• ≥©§•≤©¥• Æاµ¨•≥ ∞°¨°•Ø≥ب≥ °Æ§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≤Ø£´≥ °Æ§ §©≥°≤¥©£µ¨°¥•§ ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ ©Æ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥• /≤ß°Æ©£)≤©£® •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß £Ø°¨ ≥∑°≠∞≥ ∞≤•≥•≤∂• ¥®• ß≤•°¥•≥¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ≥∞•£©≠•Æ≥ 4≤°£´∑°π≥ °≤• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ¨°ßØØÆ°¨ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≤Ø£´≥ Ø≤ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• £°∞∞•§ ∑©¥® ° ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• ¨°π•≤ 4•¥≤°∞ا ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ °≤• ≠Ø≤• £Ø≠≠ØÆ ¥®°Æ ¥®Ø≥• ©Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¢Ø§©•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 6©≥•°Æ ØÆ∑°≤§≥ 4∑Ø 4ص≤Æ°©≥©°Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ≥¥µ§©•§ ¥Ø •∏°≠©Æ• ¥®©≥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ 3•≠©)°≤¥©£µ¨°¥•§ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ¥•¥≤°∞ا≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• "°¨¨°ß°Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 3£Ø¥¥©≥® "Ø≤§•≤≥ °≤• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ≥°Æ§π ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ•+ Ø≤ß°Æ©£) ≤©£® ≠°¥≤©∏)≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥•§ ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ• ∑©¥® ≠©¨¨©≠•¥≤•)≥©∫•§ ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• £¨°≥¥≥ <P ض ≥°Æ§π ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ• ¢•§≥ Ø∂•≤¨©• §•≥©££°¥•§ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ Ø≤ ∞°¨°•Ø≥ب≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥©Æß ° ¨°Æ§≥£°∞• ض ¨Ø∑ ∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ )Æ£•∞¥©≥ب≥ °Æ§ %Æ¥©≥ب≥ ≥°¨©Æ• ≠°≤≥®•≥M≠©≤•≥ ߨ•π•§ )Æ≥•∞¥©≥ب≥ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤•≥¥≥ 6•≤¥©≥ب≥ 2°≤• §©≥°≤¥©£µ¨°¥•§ ¥•¥≤°∞ا ¢ØÆ•≥ Ø££µ≤ ∑©¥®©Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥• ¨°ß≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ∞•§Øß•Æ©£ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• £¨°≥¥≥ 4•¥≤°∞ا≥ Ø££µ∞©•§ ¥®• ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ∑•≤• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ °¶¥•≤ §•°¥® ©Æ ¥•≠∞Ø≤°≤𠶨Øا∞¨°©Æ ¨°´•≥ ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨ ¶¨Øا©Æß •∂•Æ¥≥ #ØÆ¥•≠∞Ø≤°Æ•Øµ≥ ¥•¥≤°∞ا≥ Ø££µ≤ ©Æ ¥®• (Ø≤¥ØÆ "¨µ¶¶ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ .Ø∂° 3£Ø¥©° 4≤°£´∑°π≥ Ø££µ≤ ∑©¥®©Æ ∑°∂•)≤©∞∞¨•§ ¶©Æ• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ¥Ø∞∞•§ ¢π ° ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ¨°π•≤ $©≥°≤¥©£µ¨°¥•§ ¢ØÆ•≥ Ø££µ≤ ∑©¥®©Æ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥• ¨°ß≥ Ø≤ £Ø°≤≥• •≤Ø≥©∂•)¢°≥•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ¢•§≥ ∑©¥® °•Ø¨©°Æ ±µ°≤¥∫ ß≤°©Æ≥ ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ ∑©¥® ß≤•π ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• ¢°π ¶©¨¨≥ '¨•π•§ )Æ£•∞¥©≥ب≥ °Æ§ ©Æ ≥©¥µ ¨π£Ø∞≥©§ ≥¥µ≠∞≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ∞•≤©Ø§©£ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ 4•¥≤°∞ا≥ ¨©∂•§ °¨ØÆß £Ø°≥¥°¨ ¢°π≥ Ø≤ ¨°ßØØÆ≥ °Æ§ §©≥°≤¥©£µ¨°¥•§ ≤•≠°©Æ≥ ≠°π ®°∂• ¢••Æ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¨°Æ§ 4®•≥• ≥¥µ§©•≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ¥®°¥ •°≤¨π ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ¥•¥≤°∞ا≥ •∏∞¨Ø©¥•§ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ¢µ¥ ° ≠°≤©Æ• £ØÆÆ•£¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض ¥°∞®ØÆØ≠π °Æ§ •£Ø¨Øßπ 4®• ≤©≥• ض ¨π£Ø∞≥©§ ¶Ø≤•≥¥≥ °Æ§ ØÆ≥•¥ ض ≠°™Ø≤ ¨°Æ§ ∞¨°Æ¥ §©∂•≤≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• •°≤¨π #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ Ø∞•Æ•§ µ∞ Æ•∑ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ®°¢©¥°¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥•¥≤°∞ا≥

.D

)Ƨ•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 0°≠©≤≥ ∑©¥® ≤•≥∞•£¥ ¥Ø ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ 4©¢•¥- £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 4°≤©≠ ¢°≥©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£Ø≤§*

4°≠≥©Æ "¨°πÆ•π 5. 9°Æ© .°™≠°Æ  'µ©¨¨°µ≠• $µ∞ØÆ¥).©∂•¥ .GJ  !Ƨ≤•∑ #°≤¥•≤ = )°Æ -©¨¨°≤ D %§µ°≤§Ø '°≤∫°Æ¥© < %§∑°≤§ 2 3Ø¢•¨ G -°≤¥©Æ 2©¥¥Æ•≤  3•≤ß©Ø !Ƨ٠< :®°Ø™©• 'µØ J '©Ø∂°ÆÆ© 6•∫∫ب© <

3 ,°Æ£°≥¥•≤ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ #•Æ¥≤• ,°Æ£°≥¥•≤ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π "°©¨≤©ßß ,°Æ£°≥¥•≤ ,!3 91 5+ . 'œØ≥£©•Æ£•≥ 2•ÆÆ•≥ 5-2A#.23 *33@ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥œ §• 2•ÆÆ•≥ 3 2•ÆÆ•≥ &≤°Æ£• , 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥°•¥ 0Ø¥≥§°≠ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥ ¶²≤ %≤§A µÆ§ 5≠∑•¨¥∑©≥≥•Æ≥£®°¶¥•Æ +°≤¨A,©•¢´Æ•£®¥A3¥≤°≥≥• . 3* 0Ø¥≥§°≠ '•≤≠°Æπ  +•π ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π ض /≤Øß•Æ©£ "•¨¥≥ °Æ§ #≤µ≥¥°¨ %∂بµ¥©ØÆ -©Æ©≥¥≤π ض %§µ£°¥©ØÆ "•©™©Æß #®©Æ° 2 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ 0¨°Æ•¥°≤π 3£©•Æ£•≥ "©≤´¢•£´ #ب¨•ß• -°¨¨•¥ 3¥≤••¥ ,ØƧØÆ 7#3% (8 5+ * .%2# )≥Ø¥Ø∞• '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π "'3 +•π∑Ø≤¥® .Ø¥¥©Æß®°≠ .'3. 2'' 5+ ©¨≠$¢ß≥ °£ µ´  ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤©Ø §© 0•¥≤Øß≤°¶©° §•¨ 3•§©≠•Æ¥°≤©Ø $©∞°≤¥©≠•Æ¥Ø §© 3£©•Æ∫• '•Ø¨Øß©£®• • '•Ø¥•£ÆبØß©• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥ª §© -©¨°ÆØA"©£Ø££° 0©°∫∫° §•¨¨° 3£©•Æ∫°  .D3.* -©¨°ÆØ )¥°¨π @ ,ØƧØÆ '•Ø£®≤ØÆبØßπ #•Æ¥≤• $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ 'Ø∑•≤ 3¥≤••¥ ,ØƧØÆ 7#3% *"4 5+

¥ ¢¨°πÆ•π3$¨°Æ£°≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

4®• 0°≠©≤≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¥®• ©Æ§•Æ¥•§ ∑•≥¥∑°≤§ £ØÆ¥©Æµ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• 4©¢•¥°Æ 0¨°¥•°µ §©∂©§©Æß ¥®• 4°≤©≠ °Æ§ 4°™©´ ¢°≥©Æ≥ 4®•©≤ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ ≠°π ¢• ° ´•π ¶°£¥Ø≤ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£©Æß °≤©§©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• !≥©°Æ ©Æ¥•≤©Ø≤ π•¥ ¥®• ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ ض ¥®• 0°≠©≤ 3°¨©•Æ¥ °≤• ∞ØØ≤¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا 7• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• °Æ§ ∞°¨°•Ø≠°ßÆ•¥©£ ≥¥µ§π ض ¥®• !•≤¥°≥®© ≥•£¥©ØÆ ° 0°¨•Øß•Æ• ¥Ø ¨°¥• .•Øß•Æ• £¨°≥¥©£ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• 4°≤©≠ ¢°≥©Æ ¥Ø ¥®• ÆØ≤¥® ض ¥®• .7 ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ 4©¢•¥ ¥®• 7•≥¥ +µÆ¨µÆ °Æ§ ¥Ø ¥®• •°≥¥ ض ¥®• 0°≠©≤≥ /µ≤ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ∫©≤£ØÆ 5) 0¢ °ß•≥ £Øµ∞¨•§ ∑©¥® ∫©≤£ØÆ ¶©≥≥©ØÆ ¥≤°£´ ¢µ¨´ ≤Ø£´ 3≠).§ °Æ§ ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®π §°¥° §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥©Æß ≥ص≤£• ¥•≤≤°Æ•≥ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• /¨©ßØ£•Æ• ¥Ø -©Ø£•Æ• ∑®©£® £°Æ ¢• £Ø≤≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ 7• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥• ° ≠ا•¨ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 0°≠©≤ °Æ§ 7•≥¥ +µÆ¨µÆ 7+, ©Æ ∑®©£® ¥®• 7+, ¶Ø≤≠•§ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ≥©Æ£• °¥ ¨•°≥¥ T.// -° "π T.= -° ≠Ø∂•≠•Æ¥ °¨ØÆß ¥®• 0°≠©≤)¢ØµÆ§©Æß ¶°µ¨¥≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥®• +°≥®ß°≤)9•£®•Æß 4≤°Æ≥¶•≤ 3π≥¥•≠ ®°§ £Ø≠≠•Æ£•§ ≠°≤´©Æß ¥®• ØÆ≥•¥ ض 0°≠©≤ ©Æ§•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• 4°≤©≠)4°™©´ ¢°≥©Æ 4®©≥ ©≥ £Ø©Æ£©§•Æ¥ ∑©¥® ¢°≥©Æ∑°≤§ •∏∞°Æ≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ 7+, ≠°≤ß©Æ ∑®©£® £®°Æß•§ ¥®• ∞°¨°•Ø§≤°©Æ°ß• ∞°¥¥•≤Æ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• +µÆ¨µÆ ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂•¨π £µ¥¥©Æß Ø¶¶ ¥®• ≠Ø≤• ≥ص¥®•≤¨π 7+, ≥ص≤£•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 4°≤©≠ ¢°≥©Æ !Æ °¢≤µ∞¥ £®°Æß• ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °¥ !•≤¥°≥®© ®°≥ ° ≠°∏©≠µ≠ °ß• ض J -°+ ¥®©≥ £®°Æß• ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ∑®•Æ ¥®• 0°≠©≤ ©Æ§•Æ¥•≤ ®°§ ∞≤Ø∞°ß°¥•§ ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥¨π ¶°≤ ÆØ≤¥® ¥®°¥ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® 0°≠©≤ ∑°≥ ÆØ∑ ¨Ø£°¥•§ ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ¥Ø ¥®• !•≤¥°≥®© ≤•ß©ØÆ

,Ø∑•≤ 0°¨°•Ø∫Ø©£ ∞≤•/¨°Æ§ ∞¨°Æ¥ ∞°≤°¨©£ ≥π≥¥•≠≥- ! £°≥• ∑®•≤• ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ©≥ ÆØ¥ ¥®• ´•π ¥Ø ¥®• ∞°≥¥<&

'©ÆÆπ/-°≤©• "≤°§¨•π 5 *ØÆ°¥®°Æ 2•§¶•≤Æ  !ÆÆ•¥¥• $ '•Ø≤ß• .

3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® !¥≠Ø≥∞®•≤©£ °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5+ . 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 7•≥¥•≤Æ !µ≥¥≤°¨©° 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® E %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ #≤°∑¨•π 7! *DD+

ß©ÆÆπA≠°≤©• ¢≤°§¨•π$≠°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

,Ø∑•≤ 0°¨°•Ø∫Ø©£ °Æ§ 0≤•£°≠¢≤©°Æ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °≤• £Ø≠≠ØÆ¨π ¥•∏¥µ≤°¨¨π °Æ§ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ≠°¥µ≤• °Æ§ ®°∂• ° ÆØ¥°¢¨• ¨°£´ ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ -°Æπ §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• §•≥£≤©¢•§ °≥ ¢•©Æß ≥µ∞•≤ ≠°¥µ≤• £¨•°Æ ±µ°≤¥∫ °≤•Æ©¥• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥® ° ≠°∏©≠µ≠ ض .P ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≠µ§ 4®•≥• ∞≤•§°¥• ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∂°≥£µ¨°≤ ¨°Æ§ ∞¨°Æ¥≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ °∞∞•°≤°Æ£• §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• $•∂ØÆ©°Æ 4•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °Æ§ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ض £¨°≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ≠ا•≤Æ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ 6•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ ¢©Æ§≥ ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ∑•°¥®•≤©Æß °Æ§ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•≥ ≤µÆ)ض¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π °Æ§ ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ! ≤•∂©•∑ ض ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ ≤•≥•°≤£® ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ´•π §•¶©Æ©Æß ¥©§°¨ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¶¨°≥•≤ ¢•§§©Æß ¥©§°¨ ≠µ§ §≤°∞•≥ °Æ§ ¥©§°¨ £Øµ∞¨•¥≥ °≤• ¨°≤ß•¨π °¢≥•Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤ 0°¨°•Ø∫Ø©£ ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ °Æ§ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π °≥≥•≥≥•≥ ¥®• ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨• ≤•°≥ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®©≥ ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∂°≥£µ¨°≤ ¨°Æ§ ∞¨°Æ¥≥ ! £°≥• ≥¥µ§π ©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• 4µ≠¢¨°ßØا° 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 7•≥¥•≤Æ !µ≥¥≤°¨©° )¥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ ≥¥°£´•§ ≥°Æ§)≤©£® ¶°£©•≥ ∑©¥® ∑•¨¨) ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ض •∏£•∞¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ¥≤°£• ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ ¥π∞©£°¨ ض •°≤¨π 0°¨°•Ø∫Ø©£ ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ 0≤•∂©Øµ≥ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ®°∂• ≥µßß•≥¥•§ °¨¥•≤Æ°¥• ≠ا•¨≥ ¶Ø≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≠©∏•§ ©Æ¥•≤¥©§°¨ ¶¨°¥ °Æ§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ¥Ø °Æ •∏£¨µ≥©∂•¨π £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 4®• ¨°£´ ض ≠µ§ ©Æ ¥®• ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ °Æ °¢≥•Æ£• ض ≠°≤©Æ• ¶°µÆ° ©≥ ÆØ¥ ¥π∞©£°¨ ض ≠ا•≤Æ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• Ø∂•≤∑®•¨≠©Æß •∂©§•Æ£• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤𠶕°¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥≥ ° ≤•)©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ °≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≥µ¢¥©§°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©Æß ©Æ¥Ø °Æ ©Æ¥•≤¥©§°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ¶≤•±µ•Æ¥¨π ∞µÆ£¥µ°¥•§ ¢π ≥®••¥ ≥¥π¨• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ •∂•Æ¥≥ 4®≤••)§©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ≠ا•¨≥ ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ §≤ØÆ• ∞®Ø¥Øß≤°≠≠•¥≤π ®°∂• °¨≥Ø ¢••Æ µ≥•§ ¥Ø §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥ ¥®• ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ °Æ§ ≥¥°£´©Æß Ø¶ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø µ≥• ¶Ø≤ ¶µ¥µ≤• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß 4®• °¢©¨©¥π ¥Ø °££•≥≥ ≤•≠Ø¥• ص¥£≤Ø∞≥ ∑©¥® ®©ß® ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ©≠°ß•≥ ®°≥ ≤•∂•°¨•§ ≠Ø≤• ≥®••¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨©≥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ ¥©§°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ≥µßß•≥¥©Æß ¥®•≥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °≤• §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ §µ• ¥Ø ° ¨°£´ ض ∂°≥£µ¨°≤ ¨°Æ§ ∞¨°Æ¥≥

.<

$•£Ø§©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ §πÆ°≠©£≥ ØÆ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥∞°¥©°¨ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫•. $•°¥® 6°¨¨•π. #°¨©¶Ø≤Æ©°

3°≠ "≤ØØ´•  !¨•∏°Æ§•≤ 7®©¥¥°´•≤ U 3¥•∞®•Æ 7°¥´©Æ≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• °Æ§ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß 2Øπ°¨ 3£®Øب ض -©Æ•≥ )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ 37 .!: 5+

≥ ¢≤ØØ´•3$©≠∞•≤©°¨ °£ µ´

(Ø∑ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °≤• ¥≤°Æ≥≠©¥¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£Ø≤§ ≤•≠°©Æ≥ ° £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π !¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¥®• £ØƧ•Æ≥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©∂• ض µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞¨°π ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥• Ø∂•≤ ¥©≠• ©Æ¶µ≥•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≥©ßÆ°¨ ض ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ 7©¥® ®©ß® ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ °Æ§ Æ•°≤ £Ø≠∞¨•¥• ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° µÆ©±µ• Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥π ¥Ø ¥°£´¨• ¥®• ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ ض ¨°Æ§≥£°∞• ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂©¥π ¥Ø •∏¥•≤Æ°¨ ¢ØµÆ§°≤π £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ≥µ£® °≥ £¨©≠°¥• &Ø≤ ¥®≤•• ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ)£Øµ∞¨•§ £°¥£®≠•Æ¥≥)¶°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¥•£¥ØÆ©£°¨¨π ±µ©•≥£•Æ¥ ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ $•°¥® 6°¨¨•π ∑• ≠•°≥µ≤• ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ¥≤•Æ§≥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ∑•¨¨)∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ (بأ•Æ• °Æ§ ,°¥•)0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ /µ≤ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ ¶°Æ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ §°¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ,°¥•)0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• °≤• ØÆ °∂•≤°ß• =/P £Ø°≤≥•≤ ¥®°Æ £ØµÆ¥•≤∞°≤¥ °£¥©∂• Ø≤ (بأ•Æ• ¶°Æ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ ∑©¥® £¨•°≤ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ©Æ∞µ¥ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫•≥ Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ ض §©¶¶•≤©Æß °ß• &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ¥®• £®°Æß• ©Æ ≤°¥©Ø ¢•¥∑••Æ ≠•°Æ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• °Æ§ ≥¥°Æ§°≤§ §•∂©°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ≥¥°¢¨• §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ¶Ø≤ °¨¨ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ ≥°¥©≥¶π©Æß ¥®• ≥¥°¥©≥¥©£°¨ §•¶©Æ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•¨¶)≥©≠©¨°≤©¥π !∞∞¨π©Æß ° ≥•¨¶)≥©≠©¨°≤©¥π ≠ا•¨ ض ≥•¨•£¥©∂• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °Æ§ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ¶©Æ©Æß ∑• £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ µ≥©Æß ≤•ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ° ≥©Æߨ• ≠ا•¨ ض ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≠Ø¢©¨©¥π §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ¥Ø °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ≥ #Ø≤≤•£¥•§ ¶Ø≤ ¨Ø£°¨ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ∑• §©≥£Ø∂•≤ ¥®°¥ ©Æ§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ ¢•≥¥)¶©¥≥ ∞≤اµ£• ° ≠ا•¨¨•§ ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ≠Ø¢©¨©¥π ∑©¥®Øµ¥ ¥®• Æ••§ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¨Ø£°¨ ®π§≤بØß©£°¨ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ 4®•≥• ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ≥ ≥®Ø∑ £®°Æß©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ≤•ß©≠•≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¶°Æ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ ∑©¥® ∂•≤π ¨Ø∑ ≠Ø¢©¨©¥π ¶Ø≤ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫•≥ °¢Ø∂• J/≠≠ °Æ§ ° ®©ß® §•ß≤•• ض ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂©¥π ¥Ø ¥®• ∂°≤©°Æ£• ض ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ÆØ¥ ™µ≥¥ ¥®• ≠°ßÆ©¥µ§• 4®•≥• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ≤•£•Æ¥ ¶©Æ§©Æß≥ ¥®°¥ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ °≥ °Æ °≤£®©∂• ض ∞°≥¥ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ £®°Æß• 3©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ¥®• ≥•¨¶)≥©≠©¨°≤©¥π ≠•¥®Ø§Ø¨Øßπ ض¶•≤≥ ° ≠•°Æ≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≠Ø¢©¨©¥π ض ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¶©•¨§ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ∑®•≤• ®π§≤بØß©£°¨ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ¨Ø≥¥ Ø≤ ©≤≤•¥≤©•∂°¢¨•

/Æ ¥®• ®µÆ¥ ¶Ø≤ #≤πØß•Æ©°Æ ≥¥≤©°¥•§ ∞°∂•≠•Æ¥≥<

"µ≥¶©•¨§. -*%* 5 ,• (•≤ØÆ $0 .

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Øß≤°∞®π °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® 39., ,$" . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 2Øπ°¨ (ب¨Ø∑°π 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,ØƧØÆ %ß®°≠ 47.D D%8

≠°¢3D.$°¢•≤ °£ µ´

%∂©§•Æ£• ض ߨ°£©°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ≤•£Ø≤§•§ ØÆ Æ•°≤¨π •∂•≤π ≠ا•≤Æ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• #≤πØß•Æ©°Æ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥©Æß ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ß•Øß≤°∞®©£°¨¨π ∑©§•≥∞≤•°§ ߨ°£©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ %°≤¥®I≥ ®©≥¥Ø≤π °Æ§ π•¥ §•≥∞©¥• •∏£•∞¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ߨ°£©Øß•Æ©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≥µ¢ß¨°£©°¨¨π ≥¥≤©°¥•§ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ °≤• •∏¥≤•≠•¨π ≤°≤• 7•¨¨ ´ÆØ∑Æ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≤•£Ø≤§•§ ¢•Æ•°¥® ¥®• 3≠°¨¶™Ø≤§ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©Æ 3∂°¨¢°≤§ ¥®• *•±µ©¥°fi &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©Æ "≤°∫©¨ °Æ§ ¢•Æ•°¥® ¥®• -©Æ•≤°¨ &Ø≤´ ¥©¨¨©¥• ©Æ ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ 5¥°® (Ø∑•∂•≤ ≤•£•Æ¥ ≤•£ØÆÆ°©≥≥°Æ£• ¥Ø ¥®• ¨°¥¥•≤ ≥•£¥©ØÆ £°≥¥≥ ≥Ø≠• §Øµ¢¥ ØÆ ¥®©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ 4®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ض ¥®• ∞ب©≥®•§ ≥µ≤¶°£• °¨ØÆß≥©§• ≥®°∞• °Æ§ Ø≤©•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥¥≤©°• ¥®•≠≥•¨∂•≥ §Ø ÆØ¥ ≤•≥•≠¢¨• £¨°≥≥©£ ߨ°£©°¨¨π ≥¥≤©°¥•§ ∞°∂•≠•Æ¥≥ ≤°©≥©Æß ¥®• ∞Ø≥≥©¢©¨©¥π ¥®°¥ #≤πØß•Æ©°Æ ≥¥≤©°¥•§ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ °≤• •∂•Æ ≠Ø≤• ≤°≤• ¥®°Æ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π £ØÆ≥©§•≤•§ )¥ ≤•≠°©Æ≥ ¥Ø ¢• °§§≤•≥≥•§ ∑®•¥®•≤ ¥®•©≤ ≤°≤©¥π ©≥ ° ¶°£¥Ø≤ ض ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ Ø≤ ≥µßß•≥¥©∂• ض ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ߨ°£©Ø¨Øß©£°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ∑®©£® Æ••§ ¥Ø ¢• ≠•¥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®•©≤ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ

.

+Æ©£´ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥> §πÆ°≠©£≥ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨*

#°≤¥©ßÆπ. -* 5 (µß®•≥ #¨°≤´• * . 3¥°£•π # G (°ß• 3 = 0°≤≥ØÆ≥ $ J 4°¨¨©Æß 0  !∫∞©≤Ø∫ - = #¨°≤• - D (©∫∫•¥¥ * = (µÆ¥ * D ,©Æ¥•≤Æ ' G 3µ≠Æ•≤ % = 6•¨¨©Æß° ! = °Æ§ 6•Æ§•¥¥µØ¨© $ =

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Øß≤°∞®π $µ≤®°≠ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 5+ . #•Æ¥•≤ ¶Ø≤ #Ø°≥¥°¨ °Æ§ /£•°Æ -°∞∞©Æß 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض .•∑ (°≠∞≥®©≤• 53! , .°¥µ≤°¨ 2•≥ص≤£•≥ '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π ض #°Æ°§° #°Æ°§°  3£®Øب ض %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ (µ¨¨ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 5+ 2 3£®Øب ض /£•°Æ °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 5+ * -°≤©Æ• '•Ø≥£©•Æ£• .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• 5+

≠°¥¥®©•µ ™ £°≤¥©ßÆπ$§µ≤®°≠ °£ µ´

(©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ¢°¥®π≠•¥≤©£ ©≠°ß•≥ ض ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ≤•∂•°¨ ¥®• •∏©≥¥•Æ£• ض ° ∑©§• ≤°Æß• ض ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®•≥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ +Æ©£´ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ °≤• ¥®• §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ØÆ ° ´©¨Ø≠•¥≤• ≥£°¨• ©Æ ≠Ø≥¥ ≥°Æ§π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 4®•≥• ´Æ©£´ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ °≤• ¥®Øµß®¥ ¥Ø ©Æ©¥©°¥• °Æ§ ≠°©Æ¥°©Æ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ °Æ§ ¥®•π ∑ص¨§ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ∞¨°π ° ´•π ≤ب• ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ Ƶ¥≤©•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ¥®• §••∞ ≥•° )Æ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ≤ب• ∂•≤𠨩¥¥¨• ©≥ ´ÆØ∑Æ °¢Øµ¥ ´Æ©£´ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ 7®°¥ §≤©∂•≥ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ´Æ©£´ ∞Ø©Æ¥; !≤• ¥®•π ≤•≠Æ°Æ¥ ®•°§∑°¨¨≥ ض ¨°Æ§≥¨©§• Ø≤ °≤• ¥®•π ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥; !≤• ¥®•π ° ∞µ≤•¨π •≤Ø≥©ØÆ°¨ ¶•°¥µ≤•; $Ø ¥®•π ®°∂• °Æπ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ©Æ ¥®• ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§; (•≤• ∑• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ §°¥° £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ´Æ©£´ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ ©Æ °Æ °£¥©∂• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ØÆ ° ¶™Ø≤§ ¶¨ØØ≤ ©Æ "≤©¥©≥® #بØ≠¢©° #°Æ°§° 4®•≥• §°¥° ≥®Ø∑ ®Ø∑ ¥≤°©Æ≥ ض ´Æ©£´ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ ≠©ß≤°¥• ≥•∂•≤°¨ ®µÆ§≤•§ ≠•¥≤•≥ µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ •∂•≤π π•°≤ 7• µ≥• ≤•∞•°¥ ≥µ≤∂•π≥ ¥Ø ≥®Ø∑ ®Ø∑ ´Æ©£´ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ °≤• ° £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ°¨)§•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¶•°¥µ≤• &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ∑• ®°∂• §•∞¨Ø𕧠≥•∂•≤°¨ ©Æ≥¥≤µ≠•Æ¥≥ Ø∂•≤ ¥®• ´Æ©£´ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ≥¥µ§π ®Ø∑ ¥®• ´Æ©£´ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥ ∑©¥® ¥®• ∞°≥≥©Æß ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ &©Æ°¨¨π ∑• µ≥• ≤•∞•°¥ ≥µ≤∂•π≥ °Æ§ £Ø≤•≥ ¥Ø •∏∞¨Ø≤• ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ¥Ø ´Æ©£´ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥

3µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥. ¶©•¨§ •∂©§•Æ£• °Æ§ ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥. ©Æ ° §••∞/≠°≤©Æ• ¢°≥•/ض/≥¨Ø∞• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥. -©§§¨• %Ø£•Æ•. !©Æ≥° "°≥©Æ. 3∞°Æ©≥® 0π≤•Æ••≥*

0°µ¨©Æ• #Ø≤Æ°≤§  +•∂©Æ 0©£´•≤©Æß 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ

∞°µ¨©Æ• £Ø≤Æ°≤§$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

! ÆØ∂•¨ °∞∞≤Ø°£® ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®•©≤ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ ≥¥°£´©Æß ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ©≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥©§•≤ ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©∂• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ£• ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨ ∂•≤≥µ≥ ≥µ¢£≤©¥©£°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ )Æ ≤•£•Æ¥ π•°≤≥ ≠°Æπ ≤•≥•°≤£®•≤≥ ®°∂• ¶Ø£µ≥≥•§ ØÆ ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨) °Æ§ ≥µ¢£≤©¥©£°¨)¶¨Ø∑ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ µ≥©Æß ¶¨µ≠•)¥°Æ´ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ •ß #°≤¥©ßÆ𠕨 °¨ ./+ 0Ø≥¥≠° •¥ °¨ ./J+ 0Ø≥¥≠° U #°≤¥©ßÆπ ./J Ø≤ ¶≤Ø≠ §©≤•£¥ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥¨π °£¥©∂• §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ •ß (µß®•≥ •¥ °¨ ./. 5≥©Æß Øµ¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ £Ø≤• •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ¢°≥•)ض)≥¨Ø∞• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ©Æ ¥®• -©§§¨• %Ø£•Æ• !©Æ≥° "°≥©Æ 3∞°Æ©≥® 0π≤•Æ••≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ∑Ø≤´ ° ≤°Æß• ض §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °≤• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ µ∞∞•≤)¶¨Ø∑ ≤•ß©≠• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ 3µ£® ¢•¶Ø≤≠≥ ©Æ∂ب∂• ° ∑©§• ≤°Æß• ض ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫•≥ °Æ§ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¢°£´≥•¥ ¢•§§©Æß ≥∞°£•§ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ µ∞¶¨Ø∑ £≤Ø≥≥ ¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≥£Øµ≤)°Æ§)¶©¨¨ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ 4®©≥ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ¶Ø£µ≥≥•≥ ØÆ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•∂•≤°¨ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ØÆ ¥®• ¶©•¨§ °Æ§ £Ø≤•≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ∞≤اµ£•§ µÆ§•≤ ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨)¶¨Ø∑ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥® ° ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ •≠∞®°≥©≥ ØÆ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ ©Æ ¥®• ∫ØÆ• ض ®π§≤°µ¨©£ ™µ≠∞≥

.-

4®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ¶°£©•≥ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ∑©¥®©Æ ¥∑Ø ¢°≥©Æ≥- ¥®• 4≤©°≥≥©£ 3®•≤∑Øا 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• '≤ص∞ ض #•Æ¥≤°¨ °Æ§ .Ø≤¥®•≤Æ %Æߨ°Æ§ #* #≤©∞∞≥  / 7°´•¶©•¨§ °Æ§ % (ص߮ * 4®Ø≠∞≥ØÆ "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π +•π∑Ø≤¥® .Ø¥¥©Æß®°≠ .'3. 2''

£°©∞$¢ß≥ °£ µ´

!¨¨Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ •µ≥¥°≥π °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥• ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ °≤• ¥®Øµß®¥ ¥Ø •∏•≤¥ ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ≥••Æ ∑©¥®©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ ¶©¨¨ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π •∏°≠©Æ•≥ ¥∑Ø °§™°£•Æ¥ •°≤¨π 4≤©°≥≥©£ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ∑©¥® ≥©≠©¨°≤ °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ض £¨©≠°¥• •µ≥¥°≥π °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π 7®°¥ ©≥ µÆ£¨•°≤ ©≥ ®Ø∑ ¥®• •∏∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶°£©•≥M§•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ≠©ß®¥ ≠°Æ©¶•≥¥ ©Æ ¥®•≥• ¥∑Ø ¥•£¥ØÆ©£°¨¨π §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¢µ¥ Ø¥®•≤∑©≥• ≥©≠©¨°≤ ¢°≥©Æ≥ 4®• %°≥¥ -©§¨°Æ§≥ ≥®•¨¶ ©≥ ° ∞°≥≥©∂• ≥®•¨¶)•§ß• ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ¥Ø ¥®• 3ص¥® 0•≤≠©°Æ "°≥©Æ 4®• .••§∑Øا "°≥©Æ ©Æ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ ©≥ ° ®°¨¶ ß≤°¢•Æ £≤•°¥•§ ¢π •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ °Æ§ ¥π∞©¶©•§ ¢π ÆØ≤≠°¨ ≥πÆ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°µ¨¥©Æß -µ£® ض ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π ¥Ø ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ≥ ∑°≥ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≥©Æߨ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥ص≤£• ¥®• ,ØƧØÆ)"≤°¢°Æ¥ (©ß® °Æ§ !≤≠Ø≤©£°Æ -°≥≥©¶ ¨Ø£°¥•§ ©Æ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥)§°π 3% %Æߨ°Æ§ °Æ§ .Ø≤¥®•≤Æ &≤°Æ£• ∑©¥® ° ¨Ø£°¨ ©Æ∞µ¥ ¥Ø ¥®• .••§∑Øا "°≥©Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 0•ÆÆ©Æ• ®©ß® !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ØÆ ¥®≤•• ≥•¨•£¥•§ ص¥£≤Ø∞≥ °Æ§ ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨• ¨Øßß©Æß ØÆ  ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨•≥ ∑°≥ £ØƧµ£¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ¥∑Ø ¢°≥©Æ≥ 4®©≥ ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ¥®°¥ ¢Ø¥® ¢°≥©Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥• °≠°¨ß°≠°¥•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶©¨¨ ∑©¥® •≠∞®°≥©≥ ØÆ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ °££≤•¥©Æß •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ )Æ ¥®• %°≥¥ -©§¨°Æ§≥ 3®•¨¶ 9Ø≤´≥®©≤•).Ø¥¥©Æß®°≠≥®©≤• ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ ©Æ¶©¨¨ ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ≥°Æ§π ¥≤ص߮ £≤Ø≥≥) ¢•§§•§ ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥+ ∞°¨°•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ° ≥°Æ§π ¢≤°©§•§ ≤©∂•≤ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 3µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• .••§∑Øا "°≥©Æ °≤• ©Æ§©£°¥©∂• ض ° ®©ß®•≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ•≤ßπ ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨π ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¢π ∞≤Ø∏©≠©¥π ¥Ø ≥•∂•≤°¨ ≥ص≤£•≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©Æ¥Ø °Æ °£¥©∂•¨π ≥µ¢≥©§©Æß ¢°≥©Æ 4•£¥ØÆ©£ °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ ¶Ø≤£©Æß ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ •∏•≤¥ ° ¨°≤ß• §•ß≤•• ض ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ ¢Ø¥® ¢°≥©Æ≥ -Ø≥¥ ÆØ¥°¢¨π ¥®• §•ß≤•• ض ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• °Æ§ §©≥¥°Æ£• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ ©≥ ¥®Øµß®¥ ¥Ø ®°∂• ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ •¶¶•£¥ ØÆ ¶°£©•≥ ¥π∞• °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ 4®©≥ •Æ®°Æ£•≥ ص≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¶°£©•≥ ∞≤•§©£¥°¢©¨©¥π °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ °∑°π ¶≤Ø≠ §°¥° ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ °Æ§ £°Æ ¶••§ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ¢•¥¥•≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≠ا•¨≥

)Ƨ©≤•£¥ ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤•≥ ض ¨©¶• ©Æ ¥®• °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•£Ø≤§

.•©¨ 3* $°∂©•≥. 7©¨¨©°≠ * -£-°®ØÆ !Æ¥®ØÆπ 0 3®©¨¨©¥Ø $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• $Ø∑Æ©Æß 3¥≤••¥ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%1

Æ≥§.$£°≠ °£ µ´

4®• •≤Ø≥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ° Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ∞®π≥©£°¨ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ∑®©£® ∞•≤¥°©Æ ¥Ø ¢Ø¥® ¶¨µ©§ ¶¨Ø∑ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ 7®©¨• ¥®•≥• ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ¥®• ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ¥®•≠≥•¨∂•≥ £°Æ ¢• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¢π ° ≠µ¨¥©¥µ§• ض Ø¥®•≤ •∏¥≤©Æ≥©£ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ W ØÆ• ض ∑®©£® ©≥ ¨©¶• 4ا°π %°≤¥®I≥ ≤©∂•≤≥ ¥≤°∂•≤≥• ¨°Æ§≥£°∞•≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ∞Ø∞µ¨°¥•§ ∑©¥® ° ®µß• §©∂•≤≥©¥π ض •µ´°≤πØ¥©£ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø´°≤πØ¥©£ Ø≤ß°Æ©≥≠≥ %µ´°≤πØ¥•≥ °≤• ´ÆØ∑Æ ¥Ø •∏•≤¥ §©≤•£¥ °Æ§ ≥∞•£©¶©£ •¶¶•£¥≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °Æ§ ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®©£ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ض ≤©∂•≤≥ ¢Ø¥® ∞°≥≥©∂•¨π °Æ§ °≥ ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®©£ •Æß©Æ••≤≥ •ß ¢©Æ§©Æß ¢π ∞¨°Æ¥ ≤ØØ¥≥ ¢•°∂•≤ §°≠≥ ¨°≤ß• °Æ©≠°¨ ¥≤°≠∞¨©Æß 2•£•Æ¥ ≤•≥•°≤£® °¨≥Ø ≥®Ø∑≥ ∞≤Ø´°≤πØ¥•≥ £°Æ °¶¶•£¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥+ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤¨π °≥ ≥µ≤¶©£©°¨ £Ø∂•≤≥ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ Ø≤ £®°Æß©Æß ¥®• ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ض ß≤°Æµ¨°≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ %03 ≥•£≤•¥©ØÆ '©∂•Æ ¥®•≥• Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠ا•≤Æ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ¥®•≤• ©≥ ≠•≤©¥ ©Æ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®• ©Æ§©≤•£¥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض ¨©¶• ØÆ %°≤¥®I≥ °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °Æ§ ∞≤اµ£¥≥ °Æ§ ®Ø∑ ¥®©≥ ≠°π ®°∂• •∂ب∂•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ߕبØß©£°¨ ¥©≠• 7©¥® ≤•¶•≤•Æ£• ¥Ø ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• °Æ£©•Æ¥ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض ∞¨°Æ¥ °Æ©≠°¨ °Æ§ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ∑• §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥•0  °Æπ ØÆ• ß©∂•Æ ¨Ø£°¨©¥π ©≥ µÆ¨©´•¨π ¥Ø ≥®•§ ¨©ß®¥ ØÆ ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨ ¨©¶• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•≥ ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ §µ• ¥Ø ° ¨°£´ ض ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° O≥≠Ø´©Æß ßµÆI+ . ≥∞•£©¶©£ ©Æ≥¥°Æ£•≥ ض ©Æ§©≤•£¥ ¨©¶• ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤•≥ ≠°π ¢• §•¥•≤≠©Æ•§ ¥®≤ص߮ §•¥°©¨•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≥¥µ§π ض •∏£•∞¥©ØÆ°¨ ¨Ø£°¨©¥©•≥+ °Æ§ G ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•≥ ض ¨©¶• ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ £°Æ ¢• •¨µ£©§°¥•§ ¢π £Ø≠∞°≤©Æß ß¨Ø¢°¨ ≥¥≤°¥° §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ¢•¶Ø≤• °Æ§ °¶¥•≤ ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ°≤π ØÆ≥•¥ ض ≥∞•£©¶©£ ¨©¶•)≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ! ¶µ¨¨•≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ©Æ§©≤•£¥ ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤•≥ ض ¨©¶• ©Æ ¥®• °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•£Ø≤§ ®°≥ ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ص≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• £Ø)•∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¨©¶• °Æ§ ¥®• %°≤¥®I≥ ≥µ≤¶°£• ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ≤°Æß• ض £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ §µ≤©Æß ≥∞•£©¶©£ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ض ߕبØß©£°¨ ®©≥¥Ø≤π °Æ§ °Æ °∞∞≤•£©°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °Æ§ ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®©£ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ض ≠ا•≤Æ ≤©∂•≤≥

G/

%°≤¨π -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æ ∞°¨°•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ¥•¥≤°∞ا ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ 3°≤°® ** $°∂©•≥ 5 #°≤π≥ % "•ÆÆ•¥¥  4©≠Ø¥®π ) +•°≤≥•π . $°∂©§ -©¨¨∑°≤§ . *•ÆÆ©¶•≤ ! #¨°£´ G 4©≠Ø¥®π 2 3≠©¥®≥ØÆ G *Ø®Æ % ! -°≤≥®°¨¨ J %≠≠° * 2••∂•≥ J .©£®Ø¨°≥ # &≤°≥•≤ = 3¥©ß 7°¨≥® = !Ƨ≤•∑ * 2Ø≥≥ = °Æ§ *°Æ•¥ % 3®•≤∑©Æ  3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,•©£•≥¥•≤ ,•©£•≥¥•≤ ,%3 2( . "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π 4®• ,𕨨 #•Æ¥≤• 2•≥•°≤£® !∂•Æµ• 3ص¥® %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(3 !0 , $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض :ØبØßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%*  .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 7°¥•≤¶≤ØÆ¥ #°≠∞µ≥ %µ≤Ø∞•°Æ 7°π 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3/3 ,:( 5+ = .°¥©ØÆ°¨ -µ≥•µ≠ ض 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ #®°≠¢•≤≥ 3¥  %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(3 3*& 5+

≥™§.$¨• °£ µ´

%∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض •°≤¨π -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ®°¢©¥°¥≥ °≤• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´≥ ¥®°¥ £≤Ø∞ ص¥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ¢Ø≤§•≤≥ ض %Æߨ°Æ§ °Æ§ 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ °≥ ¥®• 4ص≤Æ°©≥©°Æ "°¨¨°ß°Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ .•∑ §©≥£Ø∂•≤©•≥ ض ¨°Æ§)¢°≥•§ ¥•¥≤°∞ا ¥°∏° ©Æ ¥®©≥ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °≤• ض ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ£• ¢•£°µ≥• ¥•¥≤°∞ا≥ ∑•≤• ¥®Øµß®¥ ¥Ø ¢• ∂•≤π µÆ£Ø≠≠ØÆ ©Æ ¥®©≥ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ߕبØß©£°¨ ≤•£Ø≤§ %°≤¨π -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æ ¶©Æ§≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ° Æ•∑ ©Æ≥©ß®¥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ¨°¥• $•∂ØÆ©°Æ ∞≤©≠©¥©∂• °±µ°¥©£ ¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ¶°µÆ° ∑©¥® ≤Ø¢µ≥¥ ∞•Æ¥°§°£¥π¨ ¨©≠¢≥ ≤•£Ø∂•≤•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¨°¥• -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ 4®• "°¨¨°ß°Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °£≤Ø≥≥ °Æ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• £Ø°≥¥°¨)°¨¨µ∂©°¨ ∞¨°©Æ &¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• ≠µ¨¥©)≥¥Ø≤•π ≠•°Æ§•≤©Æß °Æ§ ≥®••¥)¨©´• ¢Ø§©•≥ °Æ§ ≥©Æߨ• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶Ø≤≠≥ $©∂•≤≥• ∞°¨°•Ø≥ب≥ ∑©¥® ° §Ø≠©Æ°Æ£• ض •Æ¥©≥ب≥ °Æ§ ©Æ£•∞¥©≥ب≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ¢≤©•¶ ∞•≤©Ø§≥ ض ≥Ø©¨ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ØÆ ¥®• ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ -•°Æ °ÆƵ°¨ ≤°©Æ¶°¨¨ •≥¥©≠°¥•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ∞°¨°•Ø≥ب £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ///W=// ≠≠ π≤ )  +•π ∂•≤¥•¢≤°¥• °£¥©ÆØ∞¥•≤πß©°Æ≥ ≤®©∫اØÆ¥≥ §©∞ÆØ°Æ≥ £®ØƧ≤©£®¥®π°Æ≥ °Æ§ ¥•¥≤°∞ا≥ ©Æ∂•≤¥•¢≤°¥• °Æ§ ∞¨°Æ¥ ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ °≤• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ≥°Æ§π ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ•≥ ° ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π µÆ§•≤)≤•£ØßÆ©≥•§ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ¶°£©•≥ )Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ض £Ø®•≥©∂• §•¢≤©≥ ¶¨Ø∑≥ Ø≤©ß©Æ°¥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ Ø∂•≤¢°Æ´ ¶¨Øا≥ °Æ§ ¨Ø£°¨©≥•§ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °¥ ¥©≠•≥ ض ®©ß® ≤°©Æ¶°¨¨ ¥®•≥• ≠°¥≤©∏)≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥•§ ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ•≥ ©Æ£Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥• ¨©¥®©£ £¨°≥¥≥ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂• ≥Ø≠• ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ ∑©¥® ° ß≤•°¥•≤ §•ß≤•• ض °≤¥©£µ¨°¥©ØÆ £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ¥®Ø≥• ¶ØµÆ§ ©Æ ¢°≥°¨ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ $بØ≥¥ØÆ• ¢•§≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• 3£Ø¥¥©≥® "Ø≤§•≤≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °Æ µÆµ≥µ°¨ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ¨°´• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ©Æ®°¢©¥•§ ¢π °£¥©ÆØ∞¥•≤ßπ©°Æ≥ ≤®©∫اØÆ¥≥ ≠ب¨µ≥£≥ °Æ§ Ø≥¥≤°£Ø§≥ !Æ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ©£®Æض°µÆ° ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ≤•∞•°¥•§ ≥®Ø≤¥)¨©∂•§ ≠°≤©Æ• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ 4®•≥• ≠°≤©Æ• ©Æ£µ≤≥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¨°´• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ •∂°∞Ø≤©¥•)¢•°≤©Æß ¢•§≥ °≤• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® §Ø¨Ø≥¥ØÆ•≥ $بØ≥¥ØÆ•≥ ©Æ .Ø≤¥®µ≠¢•≤¨°Æ§ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ≥ص¥® ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ≠Ø≤• ¨°ßØØÆ°¨ ¥Ø ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ %°≤¨π -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æ ¥•¥≤°∞ا≥ Ø££µ∞©•§ ° £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≠Ø≥°©£ ض ≥µ¢)•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ¥®°¥ •∏©≥¥•§ ¶Ø≤ £° . ≠©¨¨©ØÆ π•°≤≥ °Æ§ •∏∞•≤©•Æ£•§ ° ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨ £¨©≠°¥• 4®• ≤•ß©ØÆ ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ° ≤°Æß• ض ®°¢©¥°¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥•¥≤°∞ا≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ £°∞°¢©¨©¥©•≥ °Æ§ ≥µ©¥°¢¨• ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®•©≤ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ

'¨°£©°¨ Ø≤ ÆØÆ/ߨ°£©°¨& ! Æ•∑ ¶©•¨§/¢°≥•§ •∏°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 0•≤≠Ø/#°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ 3°´Ø° '≤ص∞ ض ≥ص¥®•≤Æ -°§°ß°≥£°≤* 3¥•∞®•Æ $°∂©≥ØÆ #'' =2Ø¢•≤¥≥ØÆ> ,¥§ ,¨°Æ≤®Ø≥ ,¨°Æ§µ§ÆØ .Ø≤¥® 7°¨•≥ ,,,D 33! 5+

≥¥•∞®•Æ §°∂©≥ØÆ$£ßß £Ø≠

4®• 3°´Ø° '≤ص∞ ض 3ص¥®•≤Æ -°§°ß°≥£°≤ ∑°≥ ¶©≤≥¥ §•≥£≤©¢•§ ©Æ ¥®• •°≤¨π -

G

$•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ §••∞ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ¶°Æ≥- •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• %°≤¨π #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥. .Ø≤¥® &°¨´¨°Æ§ "°≥©Æ* 4®Ø≠°≥ **(* $ا§ "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π 4®• ,𕨨 #•Æ¥≤• 2•≥•°≤£® !∂•Æµ• 3ص¥® %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(3 !0

¥§Ø§§$¢ß≥ °£ µ´

4®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• ¨°≥¥ §•£°§• §••∞ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ¶°Æ≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ¥®• ≠°©Æ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ¥°≤ß•¥ ¶Ø≤ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® &°¨´¨°Æ§ "°≥©Æ 4®•≥• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≤•≠°©Æ ∞ØØ≤¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا ∑©¥® ¶•∑ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض ≥µ£® ≥π≥¥•≠≥ §•≥£≤©¢•§ ©Æ ¥®• ¨©¥•≤°¥µ≤• ! Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ∂•≤¥©£°¨¨π)≥¥°£´•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ¶°Æ≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≠°∞∞•§ µ≥©Æß £ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨¨π)∞≤Ø£•≥≥•§ G$ ≥•©≥≠©£ §°¥° °¨ØÆß ¥®• •°≥¥•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® &°¨´¨°Æ§ "°≥©Æ ! £≤©¥©£°¨ •∏°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• ¶°Æ≥ ©Æ ∞¨°Æ)∂©•∑ ®°≥ ¨•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ≥µ©¥• ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ 4®•≥• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§•0 ¶••§•≤ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ≥©ÆµØµ≥ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ¥•≤≠©Æ°¨ ≠ص¥® ¢°≤≥ £ØÆ≥¥≤©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨Ø∑ ¶¨Ø∑ §•¶¨•£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¶¨Ø∑ ¢°¶¶¨©Æß -Ø≥¥ ض ¥®•≥• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ ∑•≤• ©Æ¥•≤≥•£¥•§ §µ≤©Æß ≤•£•Æ¥ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ §≤©¨¨©Æß ∑®©£® ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• £Ø¨¨•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ®©ß®)±µ°¨©¥π §°¥° ≥•¥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ==/ ≠ ض £ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ £Ø≤• §°¥° 4®©≥ ®°≥ ∞•≤≠©¥¥•§ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥•©≥≠©£°¨¨π)§•¶©Æ•§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ 7®•Æ ¥®• Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ≠°§• ¥®≤ص߮ ≥•©≥≠©£ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ °≤• £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ©¥ ©≥ £¨•°≤ ¥®°¥ §••∞ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ¶°Æ≥ °≤• ®©ß®¨π £Ø≠∞¨•∏ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨¨π ®•¥•≤Øߕƕص≥ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ )Æ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® &°¨´¨°Æ§ "°≥©Æ ¥®• ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• ≥•©≥≠©£°¨¨π)§•¶©Æ•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ£• ض ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤)±µ°¨©¥π ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ )Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ ¥®• ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ≥£°¨•≥ ض ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ∑©¥®©Æ §••∞ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ¶°Æ≥ &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ¥®• £Ø≠∞¨•∏©¥π ض¶•≤•§ ¢π ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ©≥ £Ø≠∞صƧ•§ ¢π ¢Ø¥® £Ø≠∞•Æ≥°¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ≥¥°£´©Æß Ø¶ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ¶°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ £≤•°¥©Æß ° £®°¨¨•Æß©Æß G$ ≥π≥¥•≠ ¥Ø ≠ا•¨ 4®•≥• Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ß©∂•Æ ¥®• Ƶ≠•≤ص≥ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض µÆ§≤©¨¨•§ •°≤¨π) ∞Ø≥¥)≤©¶¥ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ¥°≤ß•¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¢Ø¥® ¨©£•Æ£•§ °Æ§ µÆ¨©£•Æ≥•§ °£≤•°ß• ©Æ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® &°¨´¨°Æ§ "°≥©Æ !§∂°Æ£©Æß ¥®• µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ §••∞ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ¶°Æ≥ ©≥ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• £≤µ£©°¨ ©Æ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠©Æß ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ •¶¶Ø≤¥≥ °Æ§ µ¨¥©≠°¥•¨π ¶µ¥µ≤• ≥µ££•≥≥ ض ¥®• .Ø≤¥® &°¨´¨°Æ§ "°≥©Æ °Æ§ ∑Ø≤§)∑©§•

)Æ£≤•°≥•§ ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨©¥π °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• •°≤¨π $°Æ©°Æ $°Æ/#? ®π∞•≤¥®•≤≠°¨- ! £°≥• ≥¥µ§π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• "ب¥π≥® ©≠∞°£¥ £≤°¥•≤. 5´≤°©Æ•

!¨•Æ° %¢©Æß®°µ≥ 5 $°∂©§ *ب¨•π  $°∂©§ +•≠∞  3¥•∂•Æ !Ƨ≤•∑≥ .

3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ -•≥¥ØÆ "µ©¨§©Æß !¢•≤§••Æ !". ,5% . #!30 7•≥¥ "µ©¨§©Æß 3@3! (µÆ¥©ÆߧØÆ 2Ø°§ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #", D$(

°•¢©Æß®°µ≥$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

0°≥¥ ®π∞•≤¥®•≤≠°¨ •∂•Æ¥≥ °≤• µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا ¥Ø ®°∂• £°µ≥•§ ≠°™Ø≤ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ °Æ§ •£Ø¨Øß©£°¨ §©≥¥µ≤¢°Æ£•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ≤°∞©§ ©Æ£≤•°≥•≥ ©Æ ߨآ°¨ ≠•°Æ ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• ≠°≥≥ •∏¥©Æ£¥©ØÆ Ø£•°Æ °£©§©¶©£°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≥•°∑°¥•≤ §•Ø∏πß•Æ°¥©ØÆ )Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ ° Ƶ≠¢•≤ ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• °Æ§ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ≥©¥•≥ ¥®°¥ ≤•£Ø≤§ ¥®• 0°¨°•Ø£•Æ•)%Ø£•Æ• 4®•≤≠°¨ -°∏©≠µ≠ %Ø£•Æ• 4®•≤≠°¨ -°∏©≠µ≠ . °Æ§ 4Ø°≤£©°Æ ®π∞•≤¥®•≤≠°¨ •∂•Æ¥≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ °Æ °≠∞¨©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨©¥π °Æ§ ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ≥¥Ø≤≠ °£¥©∂©¥π £ØÆ£Ø≠©¥°Æ¥ ∑©¥® ∑°≤≠©Æß (•≤• ∑• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨• §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• +M0ß "ب¥π≥® ≠•¥•Ø≤©¥• ©≠∞°£¥ £≤°¥•≤ 5´≤°©Æ• ∑®©£® £ØÆ¥°©Æ TJ// ≠ ض ¨°¥•≥¥ #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ ¥Ø •°≤¨π $°Æ©°Æ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´≥ #°≤¢ØÆ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞• §°¥° °Æ§ °∂°©¨°¢¨• °ß• §°¥° ©Æ§©£°¥• ¥®°¥ ¥®©≥ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ •Æ£Ø≠∞°≥≥•≥ ¥®• $°Æ)#. ®π∞•≤¥®•≤≠°¨ 7• •∏°≠©Æ• ¥®©≥ µÆ©±µ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ £¨©≠°¥• £®°Æß• °Æ§ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨©¥π §µ≤©Æß •°≤¨π $°Æ©°Æ ∑°≤≠©Æß &°£©•≥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• "ب¥π≥® ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨• ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ° ≠Ø≤• ∞≤ØÆصƣ•§ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π ¨°´• ¶°£©•≥ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∑°¥•≤ £®•≠©≥¥≤π ∞≤©Ø≤ ¥Ø °Æ§ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ØÆ≥•¥ ض ¥®• £°≤¢ØÆ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞• •∏£µ≤≥©ØÆ ¥®°¥ §•≠°≤£°¥•≥ ¥®• $°Æ)#. •∂•Æ¥ 4®©≥ ©≥ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥•§ ¢π ≤•ßµ¨°≤ ≠Ø©≥¥µ≤• °∂°©¨°¢©¨©¥π Ø≥£©¨¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ∞°¨πÆبØß©£°¨ •∏°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ≥ 4Øß•¥®•≤ ¥®•≥• §°¥° ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• $°Æ)#. ®π∞•≤¥®•≤≠°¨ ∑°≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ∞®°≥•≥ ض ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨©¥π ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥©Æß ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®• ©≠∞°£¥ ®π∞•≤¥®•≤≠°¨≥ ®°§ ØÆ £¨©≠°¥• .•∂•≤¥®•¨•≥≥ ≠Ø≤• §•¥°©¨•§ ≤•≥•°≤£® ØÆ ≠©£≤Ø)≥£°¨• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ≤•±µ©≤•§ ¥Ø ¢•¥¥•≤ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ¥©≠©Æß °Æ§ ≥£Ø∞• ض ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨©¥π £®°Æß•≥

G.

4®≤ص߮ (©ß®≥ °Æ§ ,Ø∑≥- "µ≤©°¨ ض /≤ß°Æ©£ -°¥¥•≤ ©Æ ¥®• -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æ "Ø∑¨°Æ§ 3®°¨•

** %≠≠©Æß≥ 5 3 $°∂©•≥  - 3¥•∞®•Æ≥ØÆ . # 6°Æ• . °Æ§ - ,•Æß G

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,•©£•≥¥•≤ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 2Ø°§ ,•©£•≥¥•≤ ,%3 2( 5+ . "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π +•π∑Ø≤¥® .Ø¥¥©Æß®°≠ .'3. 2'' 5+ ,.%2# )≥Ø¥Ø∞•≥ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ &°£©¨©¥©•≥ "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π +•π∑Ø≤¥® .Ø¥¥©Æß®°≠ .'3. 2'' 5+

™•3,*$¨• °£ µ´

4®• -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æ "Ø∑¨°Æ§ 3®°¨• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ° ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ µÆ£ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≤•≥ص≤£• ©Æ ¥®• 5+ 5Ƨ•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥π∞• ض Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≠°¥¥•≤ /- ©≥ ∂©¥°¨¨π ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®©≥ ≤•≥ص≤£• ¢µ¥ ¥®• Ø≤©ß©Æ °Æ§ ≤ب• ض ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ /- §µ≤©Æß ¥®©≥ ∞•≤©Ø§ ©≥ ∞ØØ≤¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤¨π ¶≤Ø≠ ° £°≤¢ØÆ)£π£¨• ∞•≤≥∞•£¥©∂• &Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• ∑• §Ø ÆØ¥ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ¥®• ≤ب• ض ∞®π¥Ø∞¨°Æ´¥ØÆ §µ≤©Æß ¥®©≥ ¥©≠• •ß ¥®• O∞®π¥Ø∞¨°Æ´¥ØÆ ¢¨°£´Øµ¥I+ °¨≥Ø ¥®• £ØÆ¥©Æµ•§ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨©≥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¨°Æ§ ∞¨°Æ¥≥ µÆ§Øµ¢¥•§¨π ®°§ ´ÆØ£´)ØÆ •¶¶•£¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≠°≤©Æ• ≤•°¨≠ •ß ©Æ∞µ¥ ض ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ /- Ƶ¥≤©•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π #Ø≠∞°≤©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ∞°¨πÆبØß©£°¨ °Æ§ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®≤•• ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• #≤°∂•Æ "°≥©Æ ,°Æ£°≥®©≤• 5+ ≤•∂•°¨≥ ¥®• "Ø∑¨°Æ§ 3®°¨• ¥Ø ¢• ®©ß®¨π ®•¥•≤Øߕƕص≥ ¢Ø¥® ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §•¨©∂•≤π ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠ °Æ§ ¥π∞• ض /- ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ 0°¨πÆبØß©£°¨ °Æ§ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ 2Ø£´)%∂°¨ ∞π≤بπ≥©≥ Y G #Ø≤ß  Æ)°¨´°Æ• ¢©Ø≠°≤´•≤≥ §°¥° ©Æ§©£°¥• ¥®• "Ø∑¨°Æ§ 3®°¨• £ØÆ¥°©Æ≥ ° ≤°Æß• ض ≠°≤©Æ• ≠©∏•§ °Æ§ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ /- £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ≥ 4®©≥ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ∞≤©≠°≤©¨π ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø £®°Æß©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ °Æ§ ∑°¥•≤ £Ø¨µ≠Æ £®•≠©≥¥≤π ©Æ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ ¶¨µ£¥µ°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض §•¨¥°≥ 3•° ¨•∂•¨ ®©ß®≥¥°Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ ¥•≤≠•§ O≠°≤©Æ• ¢°Æ§≥I ∑•≤• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ µÆ§•≤ °Æ ©Æ¶¨µ∏ ض OØ∞•Æ ≠°≤©Æ•I ∑°¥•≤≥ ¥®°¥ ∞≤Ø≠Ø¥•§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• •∏∞Ø≤¥ ©Æ¥Ø §••∞•≤ ∑°¥•≤≥ ¨Ø£´©Æß)µ∞ ض §•¥≤©¥°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ®©ß® ≤°¥•≥ ض ∞≤©≠°≤π ∞≤اµ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ∑°¥•≤ £Ø¨µ≠Æ ¥®°¥ ¥≤©ßß•≤•§ ∑©§•≥∞≤•°§ ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ &•)¨©≠©¥•§ ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ ∑°¥•≤ °ÆØ∏©° -°≤©Æ• ¢°Æ§≥ •∏®©¢©¥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥•Æ¥¨π ®©ß® ¥≤°£• •¨•≠•Æ¥ •Æ≤©£®≠•Æ¥ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ¶Ø≤ ≤•§Ø∏)≥•Æ≥©¥©∂• •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ •ß -Ø 5 °Æ§ ° ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ ≠°≤©Æ• /- £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ,Ø∑•≤©Æß Ø¶ ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ ¨•§ ¥Ø ¥•Æ≥ ض ≠•¥≤•≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ °≥ ≥¥Ø≤≠)§•≤©∂•§ ≤©∞)µ∞ £¨°≥¥≥ °Æ§ ¢π ≠°≥≥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ 7°¥•≤ £Ø¨µ≠Æ ≤•§Ø∏ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ §µ≤©Æß ¨Ø∑≥¥°Æ§≥ ∑•≤• ≠Ø≤• ∂°≤©°¢¨• °Æ§ ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂•¨π ¢•£°≠• ≠Ø≤• Ø∏©£ ≥Ø ¥®°¥ ¥®• πصÆß•≥¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ≤•£Ø≤§ ¥≤°£• •¨•≠•Æ¥ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ≥ ¥π∞©£°¨ ض O°∂•≤°ß•I Ø∏©£ ≥®°¨• °Æ§ £Ø≠∞≤©≥• ≠©∏•§ ¥Ø §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ /-

$•¥≤©¥°¨ ≠©£° °Æ§ ∫©≤£ØÆ ß•Ø£®≤ØÆبØßπ °≥ •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• $•∂ØÆ©°Æ/#°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ A/¨§ 2•§ 3¥°ß©Æß !≤•°B °Æ§ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ≥µ∞•≤/≠°¥µ≤• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ )≤©≥® ض¶≥®Ø≤•*

"≤•Æ¥ØÆ &°©≤•π 5 0°¥ -••≤•  +©•≤°Æ -µ¨£®≤ØÆ• . !©§°Æ +•≤≤©≥ØÆ  +¨°µ§©° +µ©∞•≤ G 5¨¶ ,©ÆÆ•≠°ÆÆ J -°Æ§π (ض≠°ÆÆ J !Ƨ≤•°≥ 'ø≤¥Æ•≤ J °Æ§ "•Æ©¥°),©≥•¥¥• 3ØÆÆ¥°ß J

3 3£®Øب ض "©Ø¨Øß©£°¨ %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π #ب¨•ß• #Ø≤´ )≤•¨°Æ§ . 3£®Øب ض !∞∞¨©•§ -°¥®•≠°¥©£≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π #ب¨•ß• #Ø≤´ )≤•¨°Æ§ , &°£µ¨¥π ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ ,©¶• 3£©•Æ£•≥ 6≤©™• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥•©¥ !≠≥¥•≤§°≠ .•¥®•≤¨°Æ§≥  3•Æ£´•Æ¢•≤ß .°¥µ≤®©≥¥Ø≤©≥£®• 3°≠≠¨µÆß•Æ $≤•≥§•Æ -µ≥•µ≠ ¶²≤ -©Æ•≤°¨Øß©• µÆ§ '•Ø¨Øß©• +¯Æ©ß≥¢≤²£´•≤ ,°Æ§≥¥≤°Ð• 32+ $AD33D+ $≤•≥§•Æ '•≤≠°Æπ

∫©≠≥®°§π*$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

$•¥≤©¥°¨ ∫©≤£ØÆ °ß•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ØÆ≥®Ø≤• 5∞∞•≤ $•∂ØÆ©°Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´≥ ض ¥®• -µÆ≥¥•≤ "°≥©Æ °Æ§ 0•≤≠©°Æ ¥Ø #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´≥ ض ¥®• .Ø≤¥® #•¨¥©£ 3•° °Æ§ &°≥¥Æ•¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ≥¥°ß•≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£π£¨©Æß Ø∂•≤ ° £° J// -° ∞•≤©Ø§ ©Æ ≥ص¥®•≤Æ )≤•¨°Æ§ 4Ø¥°¨ ¶µ≥©ØÆ G- !≤M J/ !≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض §•¥≤©¥°¨ ≠©£°≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ °Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤ ¥Ø ¢•¥¥•≤ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥ص≤£•≥ $•¥≤©¥°¨ ≠©£° °ß•≥ °¨≥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§• °Æ Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥π ¥Ø ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ¥®• µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£π£¨©Æß ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ∑®•Æ £Øµ∞¨•§ ∑©¥® §•¥≤©¥°¨ ∫©≤£ØÆ °ß•≥ ¢•£°µ≥• ≠©£° µÆ¨©´• ∫©≤£ØÆ ©≥ ´ÆØ∑Æ ÆØ¥ ¥Ø ≥µ≤∂©∂• ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π £π£¨•≥ $•¥≤©¥°¨ ∫©≤£ØÆ °ß•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• -µÆ≥¥•≤ "°≥©Æ ©Æ§©£°¥• ¥®°¥ #°¨•§ØÆ©°Æ °Æ§ ,°µ≤•Æ¥©°Æ ≥ص≤£•≥ ∞¨°π•§ ¥®• ¨°≤ß•≥¥ ≤ب• ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∞≤Ø∂©≥©ØÆ /¶¶≥®Ø≤• §•¥≤©¥°¨ ∫©≤£ØÆ °ß•≥ ¢≤Ø°§¨π ©Æ§©£°¥• ¥®• ≥°≠• ≥ص≤£•≥ ¢µ¥ ∑©¥® ¥®• ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ °§§©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ∞•≤©)'ØƧ∑°Æ°Æ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ &©∂• ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ≤°Æß©Æß ©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °ß• ¶≤Ø≠ 0•≤≠©°Æ ¥Ø #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ °Æ§ ≥∞≤•°§ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® #•¨¥©£ 3•° °Æ§ &°≥¥Æ•¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ∑•≤• °Æ°¨π≥•§ ¥Ø Ø¢¥°©Æ ° ≥µ©¥• ض . G- !≤M J/ !≤ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ≠©£° °ß•≥ 4®≤•• $•∂ØÆ©°Æ ¥Ø #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ≠©£° ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ∑•≤• °Æ°¨π≥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• /¨§ 2•§ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ©Æ ¥®• -µÆ≥¥•≤ "°≥©Æ ¥Ø ∞≤اµ£• ° §°¥°≥•¥ ض JG G- !≤M J/ !≤ °ß•≥ !¨¨ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ∑©¥® ØÆ• •∏£•∞¥©ØÆ °≤• £Ø≠∞¨©≠•Æ¥•§ ¢π §•¥≤©¥°¨ ∫©≤£ØÆ §°¥° 4®• Æ•∑ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ≠©£° §°¥° ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ° ,°¥• #°¨•§ØÆ©°Æ £° JG/)G/ -° µ¨¥©≠°¥• ≥ص≤£• ¶Ø≤ ≠Ø≥¥ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ 4∑Ø ≥°≠∞¨•≥ §©¶¶•≤ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®©≥ ¥≤•Æ§ W ØÆ• ØÆ≥®Ø≤• ≥°≠∞¨• ≥®Ø∑≥ ≠©£° °ß•≥ ض °Æ %°≤¨π #°¨•§ØÆ©°Æ '≤°≠∞©°Æ ≥ص≤£• °Æ§ ° ≥©Æߨ• ≥°≠∞¨• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 4≤©°≥≥©£ ©Æ ¥®• &°≥¥Æ•¥ "°≥©Æ ≥®Ø∑≥ ° .•Ø∞≤Ø¥•≤Ø∫Ø©£ ≥ص≤£• 4®• §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ ,°¥• #°¨•§ØÆ©°Æ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ≠©£° °ß•≥ ©Æ ØÆ≥®Ø≤• °Æ§ ض¶≥®Ø≤• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ¶µ≤¥®•≤ •∂©§•Æ£• ¥®°¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• ض¶≥®Ø≤• ¢°≥©Æ≥ ض ≥ص¥®•≤Æ )≤•¨°Æ§ °≤• ¥®• •Æ§)∞≤اµ£¥ ض ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• £π£¨•≥ ض •≤Ø≥©ØÆ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ 4®• -µÆ≥¥•≤ "°≥©Æ °£¥•§ °≥ ° $•∂ØÆ©°Æ ¥Ø #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ /¨§ 2•§ 3¥°ß©Æß !≤•° ¢•¶Ø≤• ¶©Æ°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• .Ø≤¥® #•¨¥©£ 3•° °Æ§ &°≥¥Æ•¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥

GG

0≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ض 4≤©°≥≥©£ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ C °≥≥•≥≥©Æß ¥®• ¨©Æ´ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥ص≤£• °≤•° °Æ§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π *•≥≥©£° &≤°Æ´¨©Æ  3®°Æ• 4π≤≤•¨¨ %°≤¥® °Æ§ /£•°Æ 3£©•Æ£•≥ °Æ§ )≤©≥® #•Æ¥≤• ¶Ø≤ 2•≥•°≤£® ©Æ !∞∞¨©•§ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ =©#2!'> .°¥©ØÆ°¨ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض )≤•¨°Æ§ '°¨∑°π )≤•¨°Æ§

™ ¶≤°Æ´¨©Æ3$Ƶ©ß°¨∑°π ©•

3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ©≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض £≤©¥©£°¨ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• §©°ß•Æ•≥©≥ ¢µ≤©°¨ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ! ´•π ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ØÆ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥πM∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥π ©≥ ¥®• µ¨¥©≠°¥• ≥ص≤£• ض ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °≥ ¥®©≥ ∑©¨¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب ¥®• ∞≤©≠°≤π ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ≠©Æ•≤°¨Øßπ ∑®©£® £°Æ ¢• ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π ≠ا©¶©•§ §µ≤©Æß §©°ß•Æ•≥©≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• •∏¥•Æ¥ ض ¥®©≥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ©≥ ÆØ¥ ¶µ¨¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا 4®• ¨©Æ´ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥ص≤£• °≤•° ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®π °Æ§ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ∑©¨¨ ¢• ¥•≥¥•§ °Æ§ °≥≥•≥≥•§ ©Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø ≠Ø∂• ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¶©≤≥¥ Ø≤§•≤ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• ≠ا•¨¨©Æß Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ∞≤اµ£¥≥ ¶Ø£µ≥≥©Æß ØÆ ° ∑•¨¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¥®Øµß® ®•¥•≤Øߕƕص≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥π≥¥•≠ W ¥®• ,Ø∑•≤ 4≤©°≥≥©£ ض .7 %µ≤Ø∞• 3®•≤∑Øا 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• '≤ص∞ °Æ§ •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥≥ 4®• ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ∑©¨¨ ©Æ©¥©°¨¨π ¶Ø£µ≥ ØÆ ¥®• 3¨πÆ• "°≥©Æ ض¶≥®Ø≤• ∑•≥¥ )≤•¨°Æ§ ∑®•≤• 4≤©°≥≥©£ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ض ∂°≤π©Æß ±µ°¨©¥π ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ °¥ ° ≤°Æß• ض §•∞¥®≥ ´≠ W J´≠ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®Ø≥• ض ¥®• #Ø≤≤©¢ ß°≥ ¶©•¨§ ,Øßß•§ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ∑•¨¨≥ M./).∫ M.=)G M./)J °Æ§ .

4®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض £ØÆ∂بµ¥• ¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ- ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¶©•¨§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ≥©≠∞¨• £°¨£µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥

,Ø¥¥π '¨°§≥¥ØÆ•  $°∂©§ 0≤©¥£®°≤§ . (°≤≤π -£#¨•¨¨°Æ§ G °Æ§ .©ß•¨ 7Øا£Ø£´ J

3 "0 )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• -°§©Æߨ•π 2Ø°§ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #", D%: . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض -°¥®•≠°¥©£≥ °Æ§ 3¥°¥©≥¥©£≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3¥≤°¥®£¨π§• .* 2©£®≠ØƧ 3¥≤••¥ '¨°≥ßØ∑ '3 38( , $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ 0¨°Æ•¥°≤π 3£©•Æ£•≥ 7°≥®©ÆߥØÆ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ©Æ 3¥ ,ص©≥ #°≠∞µ≥ "Ø∏ 33*+ /Æ• "≤ØØ´©Æß≥ $≤©∂• 3¥ ,ص©≥ -/ *,3,DA @++  $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• $Ø∑Æ©Æß 3¥≤••¥ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%1

¨Ø¥¥π$¢∞© £°≠ °£ µ´

#ØÆ∂بµ¥• ¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ° ¶Ø¨§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• £Ø≠≠ØÆ ©Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• §•¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §µ≤©Æß Ø≤ ≥ØØÆ °¶¥•≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ®Ø≥¥ ¢•§ 4®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °≤• ≥¥©¨¨ ÆØ¥ ¶µ¨¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا 4®≤ص߮ ¶©•¨§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ ¥®• £¨°≥≥©£ !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® '≤ص∞ 7°¨•≥ 3©¨µ≤©°Æ ©Æ ∑®©£® £ØÆ∂بµ¥• ¢•§§©Æß ∑°≥ ¶©≤≥¥ §•¶©Æ•§ °Æ§ ¥®• ≠ا•≤Æ )£Ø§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• TD= ´° ¢•§ J ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• -Ø≤Ø££°Æ 4µ≤¢©§©¥• 3π≥¥•≠ ¥®• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °≤• ≤•)§•≥£≤©¢•§ ©Æ §•¥°©¨ %≥¥©≠°¥•§ ¢•§ °Æ§ ¶¨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ ¥®• ∞¨°µ≥©¢©¨©¥π ض §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠≥ µ≥©Æß ≥©≠∞¨• £°¨£µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ ¥©≠•≥£°¨•≥ °Æ§ ¨•Æߥ®≥£°¨•≥ #ØÆ∂بµ¥• ¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ ¥π∞©£°¨¨π Ø££µ≤≥ ©Æ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ .)/ £≠ ¥®©£´ ≥∞°ÆÆ©Æß ¥®• ¥Ø∞ ض ¥®• £≤Ø≥≥)¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ ∂•≤π ¶©Æ• ≥°Æ§ "ص≠° # §©∂©≥©ØÆ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• $ §©∂©≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ©Æ¥•≤¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ ≥©¨¥ °Æ§ £¨°π '≤Ø∑¥® ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ £Øƶ©≤≠ ¥®°¥ ¥®• §•¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø££µ≤≤•§ §µ≤©Æß °Æ§ ÆØ¥ °¶¥•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ®Ø≥¥ ß≤°§•§ ¢•§ &ب§≥ ≥®Ø∑ ° §Ø∑Æ)¶¨Ø∑ °≥π≠≠•¥≤π °Æ§ §Øµ¢¨π)∂•≤ß•Æ¥ §©°∞©≤©£ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥  ≠µ≥®≤ØØ≠ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ '≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ¥®•≤• ©≥ °Æ Ø∞¥©≠°¨ O∑©Æ§Ø∑I ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض °∂•≤°ß• ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• °Æ§ ≠µ§ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ∑©¥®©Æ ∑®©£® £ØÆ∂بµ¥• ¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ §•∂•¨Ø∞≥ 7• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥• ¥®°¥ ¥®©≥ ∑©Æ§Ø∑ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥•≥ ∑©¥® ° ¢•§ §•Æ≥©¥π ©Æ∂•≤≥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®°¥ ¥®©≥ µÆ≥¥°¢¨• §•Æ≥©¥π ß≤°§©•Æ¥ £°Æ °≤©≥• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ∞°£´©Æß Ø¶ ° ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ¶Ø≤≠•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ0 ∑®•Æ ¢°≥°¨ £¨•°Æ ≥°Æ§ ∑©¥® ∞Ø≤•≥ ©Æ¶©¨¨•§ ¢π ∑°¥•≤ ÆØ≤≠°¨¨π ß≤°§•≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¶©Æ•≤ ≥°Æ§ ∑©¥® ∞Ø≤• ≥∞°£•≥ ©Æ¶©¨¨•§ ¢π °Æ ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠µ§ ° ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¨°π•≤ ©≥ £≤•°¥•§ ∑®•≤• ¥®• ¢µ¨´ ¢•§ §•Æ≥©¥π ©Æ£≤•°≥•≥ ∑©¥® ®•©ß®¥ 1µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ¥®°¥ ®Ø≤©∫ØÆ¥°¨ ≥®•°≤)§≤©∂•Æ +•¨∂©Æ)(•¨≠®Ø¨¥∫ ©Æ≥¥°¢©¨©¥π °Æ§ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ¢µØπ°Æ£π)§≤©∂•Æ 2°π¨•©ß®)4°π¨Ø≤ ©Æ≥¥°¢©¨©¥π °≤• ¢Ø¥® ¥®•Ø≤•¥©£°¨¨π •¶¶•£¥©∂• ©Æ ¶Ø≤≠©Æß ¶Ø¨§≥ 6©≥£Øµ≥ ¢µ£´©Æß ©Æ≥¥°¢©¨©¥π ض ¥®• ≥µ≤¶°£• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¨°π•≤ ©≥ ¨•≥≥ ∞¨°µ≥©¢¨• °≥ ©≥ ∑°¥•≤)•≥£°∞• #ØÆ∂بµ¥• ¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® '≤ص∞ ∑°≥ ≠Ø≥¥ ¨©´•¨π ¶Ø≤≠•§ ¢π ¢µØπ°Æ£π Ø∂•≤¥µ≤Æ £°µ≥•§ ¢π ° §•Æ≥©¥π ©Æ∂•≤≥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¨°π•≤ ∑®©£® ∑°≥ °≠∞¨©¶©•§ °Æ§ ≠ا©¶©•§ ¢π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥®•°≤ §µ≤©Æß ß≤Ø∑¥®

GJ

,°¥•≤°¨ 6°≤©°¢©¨©¥π )Æ 5∞∞•≤ 3¨Ø∞•. 3®•¨¶ %§ß• !Ƨ 3®°¨¨Ø∑ -°≤©Æ• 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π !¨ØÆß ! DE +≠ 3¥≤©´• 4≤°Æ≥•£¥- +°≤ØØ "°≥©Æ. 3ص¥® !¶≤©£°*

,µ∫ %* 'Ø≠©≥/#°≤¥•≥©Ø 5 -©±µ•¨ 0Øπ°¥Ø≥)-Ø≤œ  $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ . 3¥•∞®•Æ 3 &¨©Æ¥  2®Ø§≤© - *•≤≤•¥¥  2µ¶µ≥ , "≤µÆ¥ 

3 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤  -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠ . 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠

¨µ∫ßØ≠©≥$π°®ØØ £Ø≠

+•π ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ•≥ Ø££µ≤ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ Ƶ≠•≤ص≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ ° £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ©Æ °Æ£©•Æ¥ ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ 4®•π °≤• ∑•¨¨ ≥¥µ§©•§ °¨ØÆß §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ §©∞ ∞≤ض©¨•≥ ¢µ¥ ¥®•©≤ ≥¥≤©´• ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ©≥ ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ¨•≥≥ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ )Æ ¥®• +°≤ØØ "°≥©Æ ° / ´≠)¨ØÆß .7)3% •∏∞Ø≥µ≤• ®°≥ ¢••Æ £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫•§ ¢π =G ¨Øß≥ ∑©¥® --/≠ ض £µ≠µ¨°¥©∂• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ .=// ∞°¨•Ø£µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ∞®Ø¥Ø)∞°Æ•¨≥ $Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ∑°≥ ¥Ø .).% ∑©¥® %)7 °Æ§ .%)37 ¢©§©≤•£¥©ØÆ°¨ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ©Æ§©£°¥©Æß ¥®• ص¥£≤Ø∞ ¢•¨¥ ®°≥ ° ≥¥≤©´• Ø≤©•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¥Ø ¥®• ∞≤Øß≤°§°¥©ØÆ §©≤•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ )Æ ¥®• ≥ص¥® µ∞∞•≤ ≥¨Ø∞• ¥Ø ≥®•¨¶)•§ß• ∞°≤°≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ =/)<=≠)¥®©£´ ≥®Ø∑ °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≤©∞∞¨•≥ °Æ§ ©Æ∂•≤≥•)¥Ø)ÆØ≤≠°¨ ß≤°§©Æß ©Æ §©≤¥π ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ 4®•π °≤• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ≤©∂•≤)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ∑°∂•)©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ∞≤ا•¨¥° °Æ§ ≠ص¥® ¢°≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ©Æ£©≥•§ ¢π §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥°≤π £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ µ∞ ¥Ø .=≠)¥®©£´

0≤•§©£¥©Æß ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ©Æ 4≤©°≥≥©£ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ض ¥®• £•Æ¥≤°¨ .Ø≤¥® 3•° µ≥©Æß ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §°¥° %∑°Æ '≤°π  !§≤©°Æ (°≤¥¨•π °Æ§ *Ø®Æ (Ø∑•¨¨ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ E 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ !". ,5%

•ß≤°π$≠≥Æ £Ø≠

3µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ≥¥µ§©•≥ ≤•¨π ®•°∂©¨π ØÆ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ µ≥• ض ∑©≤•¨©Æ• ¨Øß §°¥°≥•¥≥ ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ ¨©¥®Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ $•≥∞©¥• £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ©Æß ¥Ø £Ø≤• Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∑•¨¨ ¨Øß≥ ©≥ ض¥•Æ ®©ß®¨π ≥µ¢™•£¥©∂• °Æ§ µÆ≤•¨©°¢¨• 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ¥•≥¥≥ ¥®• µ≥• ض ∂°≤©•§ °≤¥©¶©£©°¨ Æ•µ≤°¨ Æ•¥∑Ø≤´≥ ¥Ø £≤•°¥• ≤Ø¢µ≥¥ ≤•∞•°¥°¢¨• °Æ§ °µ§©¥°¢¨• ¶°£©•≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ∑•¨¨ ¨Øß≥ 4®• ≥¥µ§π ¶Ø£µ≥≥•≥ ØÆ ¥®• -©§),°¥• 4≤©°≥≥©£ 3´°ß•≤≤°´ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 1µ°§≥ .. .- U G/ ض ¥®• £•Æ¥≤°¨ .Ø≤¥® 3•° ∑®©£® £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ °¨¥•≤Æ°¥©Æß ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≠•≠¢•≤≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ °≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©∂• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ 5+ #°¨•§ØÆ©°Æ °Æ§ &•ÆÆØ≥£°Æ§©°Æ £°¥£®≠•Æ¥≥ 4®• £¨©≠°¥• ©Æ§µ£•§ •∏∞°Æ≥©ØÆ °Æ§ £ØÆ¥≤°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• $&3 ©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¥Ø £ØÆ¥≤ب ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ≠•≠¢•≤≥ #¨©≠°¥©£ ≥®µ¥ §Ø∑Æ Ø¶ ¥®• $&3 ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• ≠•≠¢•≤≥ ∑®©£® £°Æ ¥®•Æ ¢• µ≥•§ °≥ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©∂• ≠°≤´•≤≥ 4®• •∏∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• •∂•Æ¥≥ ¢•£Ø≠•≥ ≠Ø≤• §©¶¶©£µ¨¥ ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ©Æ ¥®• ≠Ø≤• ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ∞°≤¥≥ ض ¥®• $&3 ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¥®• .M.7 0≤•§©£¥©Æß ¥®• ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©≥ ´•π ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π °Æ§ ∞°¨°•Øß•Øß≤°∞®π ض ¥®• ¨°≤ß•≤ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ 5¥©¨©≥©Æß Æ•µ≤°¨ Æ•¥∑Ø≤´≥ °¨¨Ø∑≥ ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ¥Ø ¢• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨¨π ©Æ ° ¨°≤ß• Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ∑•¨¨≥ ©Æ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ∞°≤¥≥ ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ °Æ§ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≠•≠¢•≤≥ 4®• £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ¥ ß≤Ø≥≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ≠°∞ °¨¨Ø∑≥ ±µ°Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ©Æ µÆ)§≤©¨¨•§ ∞°≤¥≥ ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ©≥ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ∑©§•≤ 4≤©°≥≥©£ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ °¥ ¥®• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ ∑®©£® ©Æ£¨µ§•≥ ∞°¨πÆبØßπ °Æ§ ®•°∂π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ 5¨¥©≠°¥•¨π ¥®•≥• °≥∞•£¥≥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• ©Æ£Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥•§ ¥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§• ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ

G=

(•°∂π -©Æ•≤°¨ 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π °Æ§ 0≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ض 4≤©°≥≥©£ 3•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ض ¥®• #•Æ¥≤°¨ .Ø≤¥® 3•°

)°©Æ '≤•©ß 5 !§≤©°Æ (°≤¥¨•π  !Ƨ≤•∑ -Ø≤¥ØÆ .

3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ 3£®Øب ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ -•≥¥ØÆ "µ©¨§©Æß +©ÆßL≥ #ب¨•ß• !¢•≤§••Æ !". ,5% . (- 2•≥•°≤£® !≥≥Ø£©°¥•≥ 3¥ )≥®≠°•¨≥ 3!*. ,4'

©°©Æ ß≤•©ß$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

4®• (•≤ØÆ '≤ص∞ ض ¥®• #•Æ¥≤°¨ .Ø≤¥® 3•° ∑®©£® ©≥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥•§ ض ¥®• %°≤¨π 4≤©°≥≥©£ °ß•§ 3≠©¥® "°Æ´ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ -©§),°¥• 4≤©°≥≥©£ °ß•§ 3´°ß•≤≤°´ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ £ØÆ≥©≥¥≥ ض ° ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ¶°µÆ°¨¨π ¢°≤≤•Æ °Æ§ ∂°≤©°¢¨π ¥®©£´ ≥••≠©Æߨπ ≠ØÆØ¥ØÆص≥ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ض °¨¥•≤Æ°¥©Æß £¨°≥¥©£ ≤•§) ¢•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ #¨Ø≥•≤ ©Æ≥∞•£¥©ØÆ ≤•∂•°¨≥ ° ≠Ø≤• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ °≤≤°π ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨)°¨¨µ∂©°¨ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ)∞¨°π°)¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¥®°¥ ¥Øß•¥®•≤ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° ¨ØÆß)¨©∂•§ §≤π¨°Æ§ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ 4≤°§©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¨©¥®Ø≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 4≤©°≥≥©£ ∞°£´°ß•≥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• #•Æ¥≤°¨ .Ø≤¥® 3•° ≤•ß©ØÆ ≤•¨©•≥ ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ ØÆ ¥®• ¶Ø≤¥µÆ°¥• ∞≤•≥•Æ£• ض ¥®©£´ ©Æ¥≤°)¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ°¨ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• µÆ©¥≥ ¥®°¥ ®°∂• °¨¨Ø∑•§ °Æ •∂ب∂©Æß ¨©¥®Ø≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ¥Ø ¢• £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥•§ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ °¨¥•≤Æ°¥©Æß ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≠•≠¢•≤≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ °¨¥®Øµß® §≤©¨¨•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• Ø≤ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• ∞°£´°ß•≥ £°Æ ¢• °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ≠•≠¢•≤≥ ∑©¥® ≥Ø≠• £Øƶ©§•Æ£• ©Æ ¥®• 5+ ≥ص¥®•≤Æ #•Æ¥≤°¨ '≤°¢•Æ ∑®•≤• ¥®• 3´°ß•≤≤°´ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ®°≥ ¢••Æ ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ∑•¨¨ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠°™Ø≤ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ°¨ •∂•Æ¥≥ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ¢•£Ø≠•≥ §©¶¶©£µ¨¥ ∑®•≤• ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °≤• ∞ØØ≤¨π ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ )Æ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ ®•°∂π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ©≥ ©Æ§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ ض ¥®•≥• £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ¥≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§©Æß ° ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ £®≤ØÆØ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ °Æ§MØ≤ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ≥∞•£©¶©£ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ¥Øب ¥®°¥ ®°≥ °¨¨Ø∑•§ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞°£´°ß•≥ ¥Ø ¢• £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ≠ا©¶π©Æß ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ≥£®•≠•≥ 7©¥® ¥®• °§∂°Æ£•≠•Æ¥ ض ®•°∂π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ ≥©Æ£• ≥©≠©¨°≤ 3´°ß•≤≤°´ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ∑•≤• ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ Ø∂•≤ ¥∑Ø §•£°§•≥ °ßØ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ®°≥ °∞∞¨©•§ ≠Ø≤• ≤•£•Æ¥ £ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ∂°≤©•¥°¨ ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ ¥Ø ¢Ø¥® Æ•∑¨π §≤©¨¨•§ °≤•°≥ °Æ§ ®©≥¥Ø≤©£°¨ ∑•¨¨≥ &µ¥µ≤• ©Æ£¨µ≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ §°¥° °©≠≥ ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ¥®• ≥∞°¥©°¨ °Æ§ ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ©Æ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ¨©Æ´©Æß ¥®•≥• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ •∂ب∂©Æß £°¥£®≠•Æ¥ °≤•°≥ 4®• ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ¥Ø §°¥• ®°≥ ¶Ø£µ≥≥•§ ØÆ 5+ 1µ°§≤°Æ¥≥ .. .- °Æ§ G/ °≥ ° £Ø≤• °≤•° ∑©¥® ¥®• °©≠ ض •≥¥°¢¨©≥®©Æß ° ≤Ø¢µ≥¥ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ©Æ ¥®©≥ °≤•° ∞≤©Ø≤ ¥Ø •∏¥•Æ§©Æß ¶Ø£µ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• #•Æ¥≤°¨ '≤°¢•Æ Ø∂•≤ ¥Ø ¥®• .Ø≤∑•ß©°Æ)$°Æ©≥® "°≥©Æ °≥ ∞°≤¥ ض ° ∑©§•≤ ¢°≥©Æ°¨ ≥¥µ§π 0≤Ø∂©≥©ØÆ°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ °Æ§ ¶µ¥µ≤• ∞¨°Æ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π °≤• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§

0≤•§©£¥©Æß #¨°π -©Æ•≤°¨ $©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ©Æ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• 2•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ 5≥©Æß °Æ !Æ°¨Øßµ• (بأ•Æ• %≥¥µ°≤©Æ• 3µ££•≥≥©ØÆ

*Ø≥®µ° '≤©¶¶©¥®≥  2©£®°≤§ ( 7Ø≤§•Æ ,µ´• * 7Øب§≤©§ß• *°≠•≥ % 5¥¨•π 2Ø¢•≤¥ ! $µ¨¨•≤ $©°ßÆ•≥©≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,©∂•≤∞Øب

™ß ß≤©¶¶©¥®≥.$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

1µ°≤¥∫ £•≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¢µ≤©•§ ¥Ø §•∞¥®≥ C .= ´≠ C /)-/\# ©≥ ØÆ• ض ¥®• ≠°™Ø≤ £°µ≥•≥ ض ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π °Æ§ ∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥π &•)-ß •Æ≤©£®•§ £®¨Ø≤©¥• ß≤°©Æ £Ø°¥≥ £°Æ ∞≤•≥•≤∂• °ÆØ≠°¨Øµ≥¨π ®©ß® ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ©Æ §••∞¨π ¢µ≤©•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• ©Æ®©¢©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °µ¥®©ß•Æ©£ ±µ°≤¥∫ £•≠•Æ¥≥ )Æ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ ∞Ø≤•)¶©¨¨©Æß ©¨¨©¥• °Æ§ ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• ¥π∞©£°¨¨π ≤•§µ£• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ¥®≤ص߮ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π °Æ§ ∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥π ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ 3©Æ£• ¥®• ´•π •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ &•) !¨) °Æ§ 3©)Ø∏©§•≥ °≤• ¨°≤ß•¨π ©Æ≥بµ¢¨• £¨°π §©°ß•Æ•≥©≥ £°Æ ¢• °≥≥µ≠•§ ¥Ø ¢• ©≥Ø£®•≠©£°¨ §µ≤©Æß ¢µ≤©°¨ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ¥®• §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¥®• Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• °Æ§ ¥π∞• ض £¨°π £®¨Ø≤©¥• ©¨¨©¥• Ø≤ ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• ©≥ ∞≤©≠°≤𠧕∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≠©Æ•≤°¨Øßπ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ≠ا•≤Æ •≥¥µ°≤©Æ• °Æ°¨Øßµ• ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ∞≤•£µ≤≥Ø≤ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ 8)≤°π §©¶¶≤°£¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ∞•≤¶Ø≤≠•§ ØÆ ¥®• ¶©Æ• ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ ]. ^≠ ض ≥µ≤¶°£• ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ] . £≠ °Æ§ £Ø≤•≥ ] = ≠ ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ¥®• ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ ßØ∂•≤Æ £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ∞Ø≥¥)(بأ•Æ• •≥¥µ°≤©Æ• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ 3µ≤¶°£• £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ≠°∞≥ °Æ§ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ £Ø≤•≥ ≥®Ø∑+ £®¨Ø≤©¥• ©≥ ≠Ø≥¥ °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ص¥•≤ •≥¥µ°≤π+ ©¨¨©¥• ©≥ ≠Ø≥¥ °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ©ÆÆ•≤ °Æ§ £•Æ¥≤°¨ •≥¥µ°≤©Æ• ¥©§°¨ ¶¨°¥≥+ ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• §©≥∞¨°π≥ ° ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π µ¢©±µ©¥Øµ≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ (©Æ¥•≤¨°Æ§ ߕبØßπ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥• ∑•°¥®•≤©Æß ©Æ¥•Æ≥©¥π £ØÆ¥≤ب £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ¥π∞• °Æ§ °¢µÆ§°Æ£• #¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ ∑©¥® •≥¥µ°≤©Æ• ®π§≤اπÆ°≠©£≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ #¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• (بأ•Æ• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©≥ ¨°≤ß•¨π £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ °Æ§ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ °Æ Ø∞•Æ ∑°∂•) §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≥π≥¥•≠ ¥Ø ° ∑°∂•) °Æ§ ¥©§°¨)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≥®•¨¥•≤•§ ≥π≥¥•≠ 4®• µÆ©±µ• §°¥°≥•¥ ∑©¥® ¥≤°Æ≥¶•≤°¢¨• ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °¨¨Ø∑≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ØÆ ° ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤)≥£°¨• ¢°≥©≥

GD

,©Æ´©Æß £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ ض £≤•≥£•Æ¥/≥®°∞•§ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ ¨•Æ≥•≥ ض ≠°≥≥©∂• ≥°Æ§ ¥®≤ص߮ §©≤•£¥ ¶©•¨§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ (°ß•. 3* 5 #°≤¥©ßÆπ -*" . #¨°≤• -! G 4°¨¨©Æß 0* . 3µ≠Æ•≤ %*  6°≤§π -% G (µß®•≥ #¨°≤´• *% J  6•Æ§•¥µØ¨¨© $  3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3£®Øب ض /£•°Æ °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• 5+ . $µ≤®°≠ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Øß≤°∞®π 5+ , .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• -°≤©Æ• '•Ø≥£©•Æ£• 5+  #•Æ¥•≤ ¶Ø≤ #Ø°≥¥°¨ °Æ§ /£•°Æ -°∞∞©Æß 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض .•∑ (°≠∞≥®©≤• 53!

≥Ø∞®©• ®°ß•$≥Ø¥ØÆ °£ µ´

$©≥£ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ ¨•Æ≥•≥ ض ≠°≥≥©∂• ≥°Æ§ °≤• ∑©§•¨π ≤•£ØßÆ©≥•§ ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£Ø≤§ π•¥ ¥®•©≤ Ø≤©ß©Æ ©≥ §•¢°¥•§ )Æ ≠ا•≤Æ £°ÆπØÆ≥ ≠°≥≥©∂• ≥°Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≥®Ø∑Æ ¥Ø ¢• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ¥Ø £≤•≥£•Æ¥)≥®°∞•§ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ 2•£•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• °¨≥Ø ≥®Ø∑Æ ®Ø∑ £≤•≥£•Æ¥) ≥®°∞•§ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °≤• ∞≤اµ£•§ ¢π ° ¶¨Ø∑ ©Æ≥¥°¢©¨©¥π £°¨¨•§ £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ "°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®•≥• Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ©¥ ®°≥ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ¢••Æ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥•§ ¥®°¥ £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ °≤• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ¥Ø £≤•≥£•Æ¥)≥®°∞•§ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ¥®°¥ ∞≤اµ£• §©≥£ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ ¨•Æ≥•≥ ض ≠°≥≥©∂• ≥°Æ§ 4®• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ≥¥µ§π ≥®Ø∑≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ¥©≠• §©≤•£¥ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ °£¥©∂• ¶¨Ø∑≥ °Æ§ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ¥®•π ¨•°∂• ¢•®©Æ§ ¥®°¥ £Øƶ©≤≠ ¥®• ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ (•≤• ∑• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¥®≤••)§©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ Ø££µ≤≤©Æß ©Æ §•¨¥° £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• 3±µ°≠©≥® $•¨¥° "≤©¥©≥® #بµ≠¢©° #°Æ°§° 3¥°¥•)ض)¥®•)°≤¥ ©≠°ß©Æß ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ . ¶©∏•§ -µ¨¥©¢•°≠ 3ØÆ°≤≥ °Æ§ !£Øµ≥¥©£ $Ø∞∞¨•≤ #µ≤≤•Æ¥ 0≤ض©¨•≤≥ °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø §•≥£≤©¢• °Æ§ ±µ°Æ¥©¶π ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ £®°≤°£¥•≤ ض ¥®• £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ØÆ ¥®• £≤•≥£•Æ¥)≥®°∞•§ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ 7• µ≥• ®©ß® ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≤•∞•°¥ ¢°¥®π≠•¥≤©£°¨ ≥µ≤∂•π ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ¥®°¥ °≤• ¶Ø≤≠•§ ¢π ¥®• µ∞≥¨Ø∞• ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• £≤•≥£•Æ¥)≥®°∞•§ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ &©Æ°¨¨π ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °≤• ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ¥®• £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£ ¶°£©•≥ ¢π ° ¥≤°©Æ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £Ø≤•≥ ¥°´•Æ °¨ØÆß ¥∑Ø ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ .Ø¥ Øƨπ §Ø•≥ ¥®• §°¥° £Øƶ©≤≠ ¥®• ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ ©¥ °¨≥Ø °¨¨Ø∑≥ µ≥ ¥Ø ≤•¶©Æ• ص≤ ≠ا•¨ 7• ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ ¥®• £¨°≥≥©£°¨ £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ ≠ا•¨ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ©≥ °Æ Ø∂•≤≥©≠∞¨©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ 4®• ¶¨Ø∑ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ≥®Ø∑ ®Ø∑ ¨°¥•≤°¨ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ض ¥®• ∞≤•)•∏©≥¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ ¥®• µÆ≥¥•°§π Æ°¥µ≤• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ß•Æ•≤°¥• ° ≠µ£® ≠Ø≤• §πÆ°≠©£ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ °≥ ©≥ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ ≥´•¥£®•≥ ©Æ ©§•°¨©≥•§ §≤°∑©Æß≥ 4®• ≠°©Æ ∞≤اµ£¥ ض ¥®• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ £Ø≤≤•≥∞ØƧ≥ ¥Ø ≠°≥≥©∂• ≥°Æ§≥ ©• 4° µÆ©¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• "ص≠° ≥•±µ•Æ£• ∑®©£® £°ÆÆØ¥ ¢• £Ø≤≤•¨°¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ØÆ• £Ø≤©Æß ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø °ÆØ¥®•≤ 7• °¥¥≤©¢µ¥• ¥®©≥ ´•π ≤•≥µ¨¥ ¥Ø ¥®• ®©ß® ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ض £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ ¶ØµÆ§ ©Æ ¥®• ¶©•¨§ £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ≥¥°Æ§°≤§ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ≥•¥ µ∞ ©Æ ¨°¢≥ &¨Ø∑ §πÆ°≠©£≥ ض ¶©•¨§ £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ ©Æ§••§ §©¶¶•≤≥ ÆØ¥ Øƨπ ¶≤Ø≠ ØÆ• •∂•Æ¥ ¥Ø °ÆØ¥®•≤ ¢µ¥ °¨≥Ø ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≥©Æߨ• ¶¨Ø∑ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥®• ØÆ• ≠ØÆ©¥Ø≤•§ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π °¨¨Ø∑≥ ¥Ø £Ø≠• µ∞ ∑©¥® ° ≤•∂©≥•§ ≠ا•¨ ¥®°¥ ¨©Æ´≥ £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥Ø £≤•≥£•Æ¥)≥®°∞•§ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ §©≥£ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ ¨•Æ≥•≥ ض ≠°≥≥©∂• ≥°Æ§ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ °≤• ´•π ¥Ø £Øƶ©§•Æ¥¨π ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ¶¨Ø∑ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£Ø≤§ °Æ§ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• £°≤≤𠧩≤•£¥ £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ¶Ø≤ ° ¢≤Ø°§ ≤°Æß• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≥¥µ§©•≥

"≤°©§•§ Ø≤ -•°Æ§•≤©Æß- !≤• &¨µ∂©°¨ &°£©•≥ -ا•¨≥ 5≥•¶µ¨& !§≤©°Æ (°≤¥¨•π  !≠°Æ§° /∑•Æ *Ø®Æ (Ø∑•¨¨ U !¨©≥¥°©≤ 3∑°ÆÆ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ E 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ !¢•≤§••Æ !". ,5% 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§

° ®°≤¥¨•π$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

2•£ØßÆ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞¨°Æ¶Ø≤≠ ©• ¢≤°©§•§ Ø≤ ≠•°Æ§•≤©Æß ©≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ °≥ ©¥ °©§≥ ©Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß °££µ≤°¥• ∞°¨•Øß•Øß≤°∞®©£ ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ≥ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ¶¨µ©§ ¶¨Ø∑ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¶°£©•≥ ≠ا•¨≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ¥®•≥• §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥¥π¨•≥ °≤• ÆØ¥ °∞∞≤Ø∞≤©°¥• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≠°™Ø≤©¥π ض ≤©∂•≤≥ ©Æ ≠ا•≤Æ §°π ¢°≥©Æ≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ £ØµÆ¥•≤∞°≤¥≥ 4®• Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ ¶°£©•≥ ≠ا•¨≥ ¶Ø≤ ≠•°Æ§•≤©Æß °Æ§ ¢≤°©§•§ ≤©∂•≤≥ ∑•≤• •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ©Æ ¥®• -

G<

-µ¨¥©/∞µ¨≥•§ 4µ≤¢©§©¥π #µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ C ! 3£°¨©Æß !Æ°¨π≥©≥ °Æ§ !∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ 4µ≤¢©§©¥• )Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ*

6©•¥ ,µ°Æ (Ø 5 2Ø¢•≤¥ - $Ø≤≤•¨¨  '°≤•¥® - +••∂©¨  !¨°Æ $ "µ≤Æ≥ . °Æ§ 7©¨¨©°≠ $ -£#°¶¶≤•π 

3 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+ . 3£®Øب ض #®•≠©£°¨ °Æ§ 0≤Ø£•≥≥ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+

••∂¨®$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ £¨°≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø §••∞ ≥•°≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ W ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ W £°Æ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ° ≤•£Ø≤§ ض Ø∂•≤∞°≥≥©Æß ¶¨Ø∑≥I §πÆ°≠©£≥ 4µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ •∏®©¢©¥ ° £ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥¨π µ∞∑°≤§)¶©Æ©Æß ß≤°§©Æß ∞≤ض©¨• ∑®©£® ©≥ ≤•¶•≤≤•§ ¥Ø °≥ OÆØ≤≠°¨ ß≤°§©ÆßI (Ø∑•∂•≤ ≥Ø≠• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ ≥®Ø∑ §•∂©°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥¥°Æ§°≤§ ß≤°§©Æß ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ≥µ£® °≥ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ض £Ø°≤≥•Æ©Æß)µ∞ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≥©Æߨ• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• µÆ©¥ 3µ£® ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ °≤• ≤•¶•≤≤•§ ¥Ø °≥ ¢•©Æß O≠µ¨¥©)∞µ¨≥•§I °Æ§ °≤• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¥Ø ¢• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ¢π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫•§ ¢π £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≠µ¨¥©)∞µ¨≥•§ ¨ØÆß©¥µ§©Æ°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ 4®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ £°Æ ¢• ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ §µ• ¥Ø © ≤•¥≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂• ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ≥¨Ø∞• ¶°©¨µ≤•≥ Ø≤ ©© £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ °¥ £Øƶ¨µ•Æ£• ض ≥©Æߨ• ¶¨Ø∑≥ ≥ص≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ °¥¥≤©¢µ¥• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ 1µ•≥¥©ØÆ≥ °≤©≥• °≥ ¥Ø ®Ø∑ ¶°≤ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥ص≤£• ≥µ£® ° £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ≠°π ∞•≤≥©≥¥ °Æ§ Ø∂•≤ ∑®°¥ ¨•Æߥ® ≥£°¨• ≠µ¨¥©)∞µ¨≥•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ °≤• •∏∞•£¥•§ ¥Ø ¢• ¶ØµÆ§ ©Æ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ %∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ≠ا•¨ §•Æ≥•≤ ¥®°Æ °≠¢©•Æ¥ ≥°¨©Æ• ¶¨Ø∑≥ ∑•≤• £ØƧµ£¥•§ 4®• ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ∞µ¨≥• £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≠µ¨¥©)∞µ¨≥•§ ¶¨Ø∑ ∑°≥ •Æ°¢¨•§ ¢π ≥•¥¥©Æß ¥∑Ø ¨Ø£´ ¢Ø∏•≥ ©Æ ≥•≤©•≥ °¥ ØÆ• •Æ§ ض ° ¶¨µ≠• 2•≥•°≤£® ≠•¥®Ø§Ø¨Øß©•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• §©≤•£¥ ¶¨Ø∑ ∂©≥µ°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ ≥°≠∞¨• ≥©∞®ØÆ©Æß ¥Ø ≠•°≥µ≤• ≥∞°¥©Ø)¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ §•Æ≥©¥π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ∞≤ض©¨©Æß ¥Ø £Ø¨¨•£¥ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π §°¥° ¥©≠• ≥•≤©•≥ %∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ © ∞µ¨≥•≥ °¨∑°π≥ ≠•≤ß•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥¥µ§©•§ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ £Øƶ©ßµ≤°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ©© ¥®• ≥©ßÆ°¨ ض ¶¨Ø∑ ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≠Ø≤• °££µ≤°¥•¨π ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨¨π ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂•¨π §©≥¥Ø≤¥•§ °∞∞≤Ø°£®©Æß ¥®• ∞Ø©Æ¥ ض ∞µ¨≥• ≠•≤ß©Æß °Æ§ •∂•Æ¥µ°¨¨π ≥®≤•§§•§ §©≥¥°¨¨π )Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø ≥¥µ§π ¥®• §•∞•Æ§•Æ£• ض §©≠•Æ≥©Øƨ•≥≥ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫©Æß ¥®• ≠•≤ß©Æß ¨•Æߥ® ≥£°¨• ° ≥£°¨©Æß °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ∑°≥ £ØƧµ£¥•§ ¢π ∂°≤π©Æß •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ¢ØµÆ§°≤π £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ©Æ©¥©°¨ ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ°¨ ≤°¥©Ø ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑≥ °Æ§ ¥®• °≠¢©•Æ¥ °≥∞•£¥ ≤°¥©Ø ض ¥®• ¨Ø£´ ¢Ø∏•≥ °Æ§ §•¨°π ¥©≠• ¢•¥∑••Æ ∞µ¨≥•≥ 4®• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ° ¥Øب ¥Ø •≥¥©≠°¥• ¥®• ∞•≤≥©≥¥•Æ£• ض ∞µ¨≥©Æß ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥

4®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¢°≥©Æ/¶¨ØØ≤ ¶°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¢π ∑©≤•¨©Æ• ¨Øß £®°≤°£¥•≤- °Æ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•§ §°¥°≥•¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• +°≤ØØ "°≥©Æ

-•ÆÆØ (ض≥¥≤° 5 $°∂©§ 2 ,••  94 3∞π£®°¨° . U $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ 

3 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® E %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 5+ . &°£µ¨¥π ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 5¥≤•£®¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 4®• .•¥®•≤¨°Æ§≥

••≠®$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

#Ø≤•§ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥®©Æ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ¥°≤ß•¥≥ °≤• ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ¨•≥≥ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• ¥®°Æ ¥®• ≤•¥≤©•∂•§ ∑©≤•¨©Æ• §°¥° 4®•≤•¶Ø≤• •¨•£¥≤ض°£©•≥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ©≥ ∑©§•¨π °∞∞¨©•§ ¥Ø ®•¨∞ ¥®• ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ©≠∞≤Ø∂• ¥®• °££µ≤°£π ض ¶°£©•≥ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß 4®• ≥¥°¥©≥¥©£°¨ ≠•¥®Ø§≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• •¨•£¥≤ض°£©•≥ ض¥•Æ ≤•≥µ¨¥ ©Æ ° £¨µ≥¥•≤ ض ¶°£©•≥ ∑©¥® ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ Ø∂•≤¨°∞ ©Æ ∞•¥≤Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ °Æ§ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• °££Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ ¨°≤ß• µÆ£•≤¥°©Æ¥©•≥ !Æ °¨¥•≤Æ°¥©∂• °∞∞≤Ø°£® ©≥ ¥Ø £Ø≤≤•¨°¥• ∑©≤•¨©Æ• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ §©≤•£¥¨π ¥Ø °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¨Ø¢• ≥µ¢)•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ £®°ÆÆ•¨)≤•¨°¥•§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ≠°≥≥)¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ £Ø≠∞¨•∏•≥ !Æ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•§ §°¥°≥•¥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß Øµ¥£≤Ø∞ £Ø≤• °Æ§ ∑©≤•¨©Æ• §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ¢°≥©Æ)¶¨ØØ≤ ¶°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ ¥®• +°≤ØØ "°≥©Æ ©≥ ®•≤• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ &≤Ø≠ ¥®• ص¥£≤Ø∞ §°¥°≥•¥ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥•≥ ¶°£©•≥ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ "π ¥®• ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £Ø≤• °Æ§ ∑©≤•¨©Æ• §°¥° ≤•£ØßÆ©¥©ØÆ £≤©¥•≤©° °≤• •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ∞•¥≤Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥®• ß°≠≠° ≤°π Æ•µ¥≤ØÆ §•Æ≥©¥π ≤•≥©≥¥©∂©¥π °Æ§ ≥ØÆ©£ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• !¨ØÆß ∑©¥® °¢≥بµ¥• ∂°¨µ•≥ ¥®• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ض ¥®• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ≥©ßÆ°¨ °Æ§ ¥®• ¨•∂•¨ ض ≥©ßÆ°¨ ¶¨µ£¥µ°¥©ØÆ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ¢•§ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °Æ§ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ¶°£©•≥ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π £°Æ ¢• µ¥©¨©≥•§ ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ 4®©≥ £°Æ ¢• °∞∞¨©•§ ¶Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• ¥Ø ≠°´• §©≥¥©Æ£¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¶≤ØÆ¥°¨ °Æ§ ¨°¥•≤°¨ ¨Ø¢• ¶≤©Æß•≥ ©Æ ¨Ø¢•)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ 4®• µ≥• ض £≤©¥•≤©° ¶Ø≤ §•¥°©¨•§ ≤•£ØßÆ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ¨°≤ß•≤ ≥£°¨• ≥¥°£´©Æß ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ £°Æ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ©Æ£≤•°≥• ¥®• µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ∑®•≤• ∑©≤•¨©Æ• §°¥° ¶Ø≤≠≥ ¥®• ∞≤©≠°≤π §°¥° ≥ص≤£•

G

0≤©≠°≤π ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ ¢•§§•§ ®°¨©¥• C ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤≥ ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≠©§/4≤©°≥≥©£ ض ¥®• 5+ %§ (ص߮  $°∂©§ %∂°Æ≥ "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π +•π∑Ø≤¥® .Ø¥¥©Æß®°≠

•®$¢ß≥ °£ µ´

3بµ¥©ØÆ)≠©Æ•§ ≥°¨¥ £°∂•≤Æ≥ ©Æ ¢•§§•§ ®°¨©¥• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®• 5+ ®Ø≥¥ ≥•∂•≤°¨ Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ∞¨°ÆÆ•§ µÆ§•≤ß≤صƧ ß°≥ ≥¥Ø≤°ß• ≥£®•≠•≥ 4®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ •Æß©Æ••≤©Æß ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ ض ®°¨©¥• ©≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æߨπ ≤•£ØßÆ©≥•§ °≥ °Æ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ©Æ ¥®• ∞¨°ÆÆ©Æß §•≥©ßÆ °Æ§ £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥¥Ø≤°ß• £°∂•≤Æ≥ °≥ ¥®• £≤π≥¥°¨ ¶°¢≤©£ °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ÆØÆ)®°¨©¥• µÆ©¥≥ £°Æ °¶¶•£¥ ¥®•©≤ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ∑®©£® ©≠∞°£¥≥ Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ •ß ¥®• Ø∞•≤°¥©Æß ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• ≤°Æß•≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ∞¨°£•≠•Æ¥ ض ¶°£©¨©¥©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• 4®©£´ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ض ¢•§§•§ ®°¨©¥• ∑©¥® ¥®©Æ ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °≤• §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ©Æ ¥®• -©§)4≤©°≥≥©£ !Æ©≥©°Æ W ,°§©Æ©°Æ ©Æ ¥®• #®•≥®©≤• .Ø≤¥®∑©£® (°¨©¥• -•≠¢•≤ °Æ§ ∑•≥¥ ,°Æ£°≥®©≤• 0≤••≥°¨¨ (°¨©¥• -•≠¢•≤ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ض ÆØ≤¥®)∑•≥¥ %Æߨ°Æ§ !Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨• £Ø≤• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•≥• ¨°¥•≤°¨ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©∂•≥ °¨¨Ø∑≥ £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ≥ ¥Ø ¢• ≠°§• ¢•¥∑••Æ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ¥Ø ¢• µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا ©Æ ° ≠ا•≤Æ £ØÆ¥•∏¥ $•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¶°¢≤©£≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ®°¨©¥• ¢•§≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• ∞≤©≠°≤π ¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ ®°¨©¥• ∑©¥® £µ¢Ø©§ £®•∂≤ØÆ °Æ§ £Ø≤Æ•¥ ¶°¢≤©£≥ §©≥≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≥•°≠≥ °Æ§ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ°¨ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ °Æ§ ¢°Æ§•§ ®°¨©¥• 4®• ÆØÆ)®°¨©¥• ¨©¥®Ø¨Øß©•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• ≥Ø≠• °Æ®π§≤©¥• ¢µ¥ ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π ®°≥•¨ß•¢©≤ß• ¥®≤ص߮ ¥Ø ¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ °Æ§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•¨•≥≥ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• ∑©¥® •∂©§•Æ£• ض ¨Ø°§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ §•≥©££°¥©ØÆ 4®•≥• ©Æ§©£°¥• °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ° ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≥•¥¥©Æß ∑©¥® ´°≤≥¥ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ∞©∞•≥ °Æ§ ¶©≥≥µ≤•≥ ©Æ§©£°¥©Æß ≤°≤• ∞•≤©Ø§≥ ض •≠•≤ß•Æ£• °Æ§ ¥®• °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £µ≠µ¨°¥• ¶°£©•≥ ©Æ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ض §••∞•≤ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©•§ ض ¢≤©Æ• )Ƨ©£°¥Ø≤≥ ض ¶¨Ø∑ °≤• ≤°≤• ≤•≥¥≤©£¥•§ ¥Ø ≤©∞∞¨•)¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ≤•)∑Ø≤´•§ Ø≤©•Æ¥•§ £¨°≥¥≥ ض °Æ®π§≤©¥• $©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¢π ∞Ø≥¥)§•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ®°¨©¥• ≠Ø¢©¨©≥°¥©ØÆ ©Æ£¨µ§• ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض £®©£´•Æ∑©≤• ¥•∏¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ≤•£≤π≥¥°¨¨©∫•§ ∫ØÆ•≥ ض ®°¨©¥• "≤•££©°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©≥ ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ¶Øµ≤ §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥0 ∞•Æ•£ØÆ¥•≠∞Ø≤°Æ•Øµ≥ ®°¨Ø¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ •≠•≤ß•Æ£• °Æ§ §•≥©££°¥©ØÆ ∞Ø≥¥) §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °Æ§ ¥®• §©≥≥بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ®°¨©¥• ©Æ ¥®• ≠ا•≤Æ ¶≤•≥®∑°¥•≤ ß≤صƧ∑°¥•≤ ∫ØÆ• ≥Ø)£°¨¨•§ O∑•¥ ≤Ø£´®•°§I 7•¥ ≤Ø£´®•°§ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °≤• ∞ØØ≤¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا °¨¥®Øµß® ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¢≤•££©°¥•§ °Æ§ ¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ ∫ØÆ•≥ ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ Æ•∑ ≠ا•¨≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ≠°π ¢• ≤•±µ©≤•§

3•©≥≠©£ ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• &°≤≥µÆ§ "°≥©Æ. ض¶≥®Ø≤• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ .Ø≤∑°π- )§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 2©∂•≤≥. 2••¶≥ °Æ§ 3®Ø≤•¨©Æ•≥ 4®Ø≠°≥ 0®©¨¨©∞≥ #®≤©≥¥Ø∞®•≤ !/,* *°£´≥ØÆ  2•¢•££° % "•¨¨ "°≥©Æ≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ ="2'> $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• °Æ§ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• 0≤©Æ£• #ØÆ≥Ø≤¥ 2Ø°§ ,ØƧØÆ 37 ."0

£ ™°£´≥ØÆ$©≠∞•≤©°¨ °£ µ´

)Æ ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ∑©§•¨π ≥∞°£•§ ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨•≥ ¥π∞©£°¨¨π £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ØÆ¨π ¥®• $)¥Ø)±µ°≥©)G$ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ ¥®µ≥ ®°≠∞•≤©Æß Øµ≤ °¢©¨©¥π ¥Ø ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °Æ§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£°¨¨π °£¥©∂• ¢°≥©Æ≥ G$ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≤•¶¨•£¥©ØÆ §°¥° £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§• ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ®©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ∞¨°Æ)∂©•∑ ©≠°ß•≥ ض ¥®• %°≤¥®I≥ ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• °¥ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¨•∂•¨≥ °¨¨Ø∑©Æß µ≥ ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ¢°≥©Æ≥ •∂•Æ ∑®•≤• ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨•≥ °≤• ¨°£´©Æß )Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ∑• µÆ§•≤¥°´• ≥•©≥≠©£ °¥¥≤©¢µ¥• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض G$ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≤•¶¨•£¥©ØÆ §°¥° ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• *µ≤°≥≥©£ ∞°¨•Ø)ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• &°≤≥µÆ§ "°≥©Æ ض¶≥®Ø≤• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ .Ø≤∑°π 7• ©§•Æ¥©¶π ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ¨©´•¨π ∑•≥¥)¶¨Ø∑©Æß %°≤¨π *µ≤°≥≥©£ ≤©∂•≤≥ ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∑®©£® ∑•≤• £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ≥≠°¨¨ ≥πÆ)§•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥°¨¥)§•¥°£®•§ ¶°µ¨¥≥ ≤°¥®•≤ ¥®°Æ ≠°™Ø≤ %)¥≤•Æ§©Æß ¶°µ¨¥≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥©Æß ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• 3µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß -©§§¨• *µ≤°≥≥©£ ¶¨Øا©Æß ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≤••¶≥ •∏∞≤•≥≥•§ °≥ ≥µ¢)£©≤£µ¨°≤ °≠∞¨©¥µ§• °ÆØ≠°¨©•≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ 7• ©§•Æ¥©¶π ¥∑Ø §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ≤••¶ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©•≥ ∑®©£® ∑• ©Æ¶•≤ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ß≤Ø∑¥® ©Æ §©¶¶•≤©Æß ∑°¥•≤ §•∞¥®≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ¢)≤••¶ ≥¥≤°¥° °£≤Ø≥≥ µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß ¶°µ¨¥≥ 3µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ,°¥• *µ≤°≥≥©£ ∞π≤©¥©£ °ÆØ∏©£ ¨°ßØØÆ°¨ ≥®°¨•≥ ∑•≤• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ °£¥©Æß ¥Ø ≥®µ¥ §Ø∑Æ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ∞≤اµ£¥©ØÆ 7©¥®©Æ ¥®• 5∞∞•≤ *µ≤°≥≥©£ ∑• ©§•Æ¥©¶π ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض £µ≤∂©¨©Æ•°≤ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ °≤≤°Æß•§ ©Æ¥Ø §©≥£Ø≤§°Æ¥ ≥•¥≥ °¥ ¥®• ¥Ø∞ ض ° £¨©ÆضØ≤≠)¢•°≤©Æß ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ 7• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥ ¥®•≥• °≥ ≥®Ø≤•¶°£• £¨©ÆضØ≤≠≥ °Æ§ £°∞∞©Æß ¢•°£® ≤©§ß•≥ ©Æ§©£°¥©Æß ° ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ §•£≤•°≥• ©Æ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ 4®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• 5∞∞•≤ *µ≤°≥≥©£ £¨©ÆضØ≤≠≥ °∞∞•°≤≥ ¥Ø ¢• £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ¶°µ¨¥)≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ≠°≤´©Æß ¥®• ØÆ≥•¥ ض ,°¥• *µ≤°≥≥©£)%°≤¨π #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ ≤©¶¥)≤•¨°¥•§ ¶°µ¨¥©Æß 7• ≥®Ø∑ ®Ø∑ ≥•©≥≠©£ °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•)§≤©∂•Æ ≥•©≥≠©£ ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °Æ§ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ÆØÆ) ¥Ø ≥®°¨¨Ø∑)≠°≤©Æ• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ¥®• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ £°Æ ¢• ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø °Æ§ £°Æ ¥®µ≥ ®•¨∞ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ¥•£¥ØÆ©£°¨¨π °£¥©∂• ¢°≥©Æ≥

G-

&Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥≤°Æ≥∂•≤≥• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥- !Æ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ≥¥µ§π

0°µ¨ *°≤∂©≥  .°¥®°¨©• 6≤©•Æ§ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض !∞∞¨©•§ -°¥®•≠°¥©£≥ °Æ§ 4®•Ø≤•¥©£°¨ 0®π≥©£≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• 7©¨¢•≤¶Ø≤£• 2Ø°§ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #", D7!

∞°™,2$£°≠ °£ µ´

! ¶¨µ©§ ¶¨Ø∑ °£≤Ø≥≥ ° ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¢•§ •∏•≤¥≥ ° ≥®•°≤ ≥¥≤•≥≥ ØÆ ¥®• •≤ا©¢¨• ≥µ≤¶°£• 0≤Ø∂©§•§ ¥®©≥ ≥¥≤•≥≥ •∏£••§≥ ° £≤©¥©£°¨ ¥®≤•≥®Ø¨§ ß≤°©Æ≥ £°Æ ¢• •≤ا•§ °Æ§ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥•§ ¢π ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ¨•°§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞•≤¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥µ≤¶°£• ∞≤ض©¨• 4®•≥• ß≤Ø∑ ∞≤Ø∞°ß°¥• °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥ ∑©¥® •°£® Ø¥®•≤ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ ©Æ¥Ø ¨°≤ß•≤)≥£°¨• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ 7• ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• §©≥¥µ≤¢°Æ£•≥ ©Æ ° ¥®©Æ ¨°≤ß•) §©°≠•¥•≤ °ÆƵ¨°≤ ¶¨µ≠• ≤°§©µ≥ =/ £≠ ®•©ß®¥ G/ £≠ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ∑©§¥® D £≠ £ØÆ¥°©Æ©Æß ° ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¨°π•≤ ≥°Æ§M¢°¨¨Ø¥©Æ© Ø∂•≤¨°©Æ ¢π ∑°¥•≤ 4®• ¶¨µ≠• ≤Ø¥°¥•≥ ∞°≥¥ ≥µ¢≠•≤ß•§ ¶©∏•§ ∞°§§¨•≥ £≤•°¥©Æß ° ≥®•°≤ ¶¨Ø∑ ∑®©£® •≤ا•≥ °Æ§ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥≥ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ 4®• ≥≠°¨¨ ≤°¥©Ø ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ∑©§¥® °Æ§ ¥®• ≤°§©µ≥ ´••∞≥ ¶¨Ø∑ ©Æ ¥®• £≤Ø≥≥)£®°ÆÆ•¨ §©≤•£¥©ØÆ ≥≠°¨¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ Æ•°≤¨π ¥≤°Æ≥∂•≤≥• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ )Æ ¥®©≥ ¥°¨´ ) ∑©¨¨ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ¨ØØ´©Æß °¥ ¥®• §•≥¥°¢©¨©≥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °Æ ©Æ©¥©°¨¨π ¶¨°¥ ¢•§ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®• ∑°∂•¨•Æߥ® ض ¥®• ©Æ©¥©°¨ §©≥¥µ≤¢°Æ£• ¥®• ß≤Ø∑¥® ≤°¥• ض ∞•≤¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥°Æ¥ £Ø°≤≥•Æ©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ¢•§ ∞≤ض©¨• °≥ ≤©∞∞¨•≥ £Ø°¨•≥£• ¥Ø ¶Ø≤≠ ¨°≤ß•≤ §µÆ•≥ ! ≥•£ØƧ ≥•¥ ض •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ •∏°≠©Æ•≥ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ £Ø¨¨©§©Æß ∞°©≤≥ ض ∞≤•¶Ø≤≠•§ §µÆ•≥ ض ∂°≤©°¢¨• ≥©∫•≥ ض¶•≤©Æß ©Æ≥©ß®¥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ∑®©£® £Ø°≤≥•Æ©Æß Ø££µ≤≥ &©Æ°¨¨π §•¥°©¨≥ ض ° ≤•£•Æ¥¨π £Ø≠≠©≥≥©ØÆ•§ Æ•∑ ¶¨µ≠• ∑©¥® ¥∑©£• ¥®• Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ ≤°§©µ≥  ≠ °Æ§ ∂°≤©°¢¨• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ∑©§¥® . W - £≠ ∑©¨¨ ¢• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ !§§©¥©ØÆ°¨¨π °Æ ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ °≥≥•≠¢¨π ∑©¨¨ °¨¨Ø∑ £ØµÆ¥•≤ ≤Ø¥°¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ¶¨µ≠• °Æ§ ¥®• ∞°§§¨•≥ )Æ ¥®©≥ ≥•¥)µ∞ ∑• ∑©¨¨ ¢• °¢¨• ¥Ø0 ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ≤•§µ£• ¥®• ≥•£ØƧ°≤π £≤Ø≥≥ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¨•°§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶µ¨¨π ¥≤°Æ≥∂•≤≥• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥+ °Æ§ °£®©•∂• ®©ß®•≤ ≥®•°≤ ≥¥≤•≥≥•≥ ≠•°Æ©Æß ∑• £°Æ •∏∞¨Ø≤• ° ∑©§•≤ ≤°Æß• ض ¶¨Ø∑ ≤•ß©≠•≥ ) ∑©¨¨ ¢≤©•¶¨π §©≥£µ≥≥ ®Ø∑ ¥®©≥ °∞∞°≤°¥µ≥ ∑©¨¨ ®•¨∞ µ≥ °¥¥°©Æ ° ß≤•°¥•≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨≥ ض ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ

2•§ #®°¨´. 3•£ØƧ°≤π "•Æ¥ØÆ©¥• °Æ§ 6ب£°ÆØß•Æ©£ '¨°µ£ØÆ©¥• #®≤©≥¥Ø∞®•≤ *•°Æ≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Øß≤°∞®π #°≠¢≤©§ß• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π $Ø∑Æ©Æß 0¨°£• #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%.

£™,D.$£°≠ °£ µ´

4®• 5∞∞•≤ !¨¢©°Æ 2•§ #®°¨´ ض •°≥¥•≤Æ %Æߨ°Æ§ ©≥ ∑ØƧ•≤¶µ¨¨π ∑•¨¨ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ©Æ ¥®• #¨©¶¶≥ °¥ (µÆ≥¥°Æ¥ØÆ ØÆ ¥®• .Ø≤¶Ø¨´ £Ø°≥¥ (•≤• ©¥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ° ≥∞•£¥°£µ¨°≤ ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ ¶Ø≤ ≥¥µ§•Æ¥≥ ض ߕبØßπ ¶Ø≤ ∑•¨¨ Ø∂•≤ ° £•Æ¥µ≤π °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ° ≥©ß®¥ ≠µ£® •Æ™Ø𕧠¢π ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ®Ø¨©§°π ≠°´•≤≥ ! Æ•∑ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ ¢≤©Æß≥ ¥Øß•¥®•≤ Æ•∑ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ •∂©§•Æ£• 5∞∞•≤ !¨¢©°Æ ≥•£ØƧ°≤π ¢•Æ¥ØÆ©¥•≥ °Æ§ ∂ب£°ÆØß•Æ©£ ߨ°µ£ØÆ©¥•≥ )¥ ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ° ®π§≤Ø¥®•≤≠°¨ Ø≤ ∂ب£°ÆØß•Æ©£ Ø≤©ß©Æ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≥¥≤©´©Æߨπ ≤•§ £Ø¨Øµ≤ ض ¥®• 2•§ #®°¨´ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• •°≤¨π ≥¥°ß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• Ø∞•Æ©Æß µ∞ ض ¥®• ∞≤Ø¥Ø)!¥¨°Æ¥©£ /£•°Æ ©Æ ≠©§)#≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ ¥©≠•≥

J/

4®• ≤•ß©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ §Ø≠©Æ°Æ£• ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¥©§°¨/¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ #¨°©≤• +••∂©¨ °Æ§ $°Æ©•¨ 0°≤≥ØÆ≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض (µ¨¨ (µ¨¨ 5+

£ ´••∂©¨$®µ¨¨ °£ µ´

3•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ≤©∂•≤)•≥¥µ°≤π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °≤• ßØ∂•≤Æ•§ ¢π ¥®• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ©Æ¥•≤∞¨°π ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥©§°¨ °Æ§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ®π§≤اπÆ°≠©£≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ ° ∞ØØ≤¨π §•¶©Æ•§ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ• ¢•¥∑••Æ ¶µ¨¨π ¥©§°¨ °Æ§ ¶µ¨¨π ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ 4®©≥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∂°≤©•≥ ØÆ ° ≤°Æß• ض ≥∞°¥©°¨ °Æ§ ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ ≥£°¨•≥ )Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π ¶Ø£µ≥≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ¥©§°¨¨π)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≤•ß©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ¨©¥¥¨• ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥)¥Ø)∞≤اµ£¥ ≤•ß©≠•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ≠Ø≤• ¶¨µ∂©°¨¨π)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≤•ß©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ• 4∑Ø §©≥¥©Æ£¥©∂• ¥©§°¨)¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥•§0 ¥®• ®©ß® ¶¨µ∂©°¨)¶¨µ∏ ≠•≥Ø¥©§°¨ #بµ≠¢©° 2©∂•≤ •≥¥µ°≤π 53! °Æ§ ¥®• ≥≠°¨¨•≤ ¶¨µ∂©°¨)¶¨µ∏ ≠°£≤Ø¥©§°¨ 2©∂•≤ 3•∂•≤Æ 5+ '•Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ §°¥° £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¢Ø¥® ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ≤•∂•°¨ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ∑©¥® ¨©¥¥¨• Ø¢∂©Øµ≥ ¥©§°¨ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¶¨Ø∑ §°¥° ≤•∂•°¨ ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ °¨¥®Øµß® ≥®Ø≤¥ ¨©∂•§ ¥©§°¨ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ض ¶¨Ø∑ ∑©¥® £Ø≠∞°≤°¢¨• ≠°∏©≠µ≠ ¥©§°¨ °Æ§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ∂•¨Ø£©¥©•≥ ©Æ ¢Ø¥® ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 4®©≥ §°¥° ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≠ا•¨≥ ض ¥®• ¥©§°¨)¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∑®©¨≥¥ °££µ≤°¥•¨π §•≥£≤©¢©Æß ≤•ß©ØÆ≥ ض ®©ß® ¥©§°¨ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ≥®Øµ¨§ ¢• °≠•Æ§•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¶¨µ∂©°¨¨π)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≤•ß©ØÆ !¥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ §•≥£≤©∞¥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®©≥ ≤•ß©ØÆ °≤• ¨©≠©¥•§ °Æ§ °≤• ≠°©Æ¨π §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ©Æ £®°≤°£¥•≤ 4®©≥ §°¥° ≥•¥ ¨©Æ´≥ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ≤•ß©≠•≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥°Æ¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °¨¨Ø∑©Æß ° ¶µ¨¨•≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ¥©§°¨¨π)©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§)¶¨µ∂©°¨¨π)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≤•ß©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤©∂•≤)•≥¥µ°≤π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ !≥ ° £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ£• ¥®• ≠ا•¨ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®©≥ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≤•ß©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¥©§°¨)¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ £°Æ ¢• ≤•¶©Æ•§ ¥Ø ≠Ø≤• °££µ≤°¥•¨π ≤•¶¨•£¥ ¥®• ¶µ¨¨ •∏¥•Æ¥ ض ¥®• ¥©§°¨)¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≤•ß©≠• °Æ§ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥°Æ¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ

! §©°≠©£¥©¥• §©£®Ø¥Ø≠π- '¨°£©°¨ £ØÆ∂•πØ≤ ¢•¨¥≥ °Æ§ ب©≥¥Ø≥¥≤Ø≠•≥ ©Æ ¥®• .•Ø∞≤Ø¥•≤Ø∫Ø©£ ض $•°¥® 6°¨¨•π. #°¨©¶Ø≤Æ©°. 53! $°Æ ,• (•≤ØÆ  3°••§ 4ض°©¶ 4Ø≠ 6°Æ§π´ °Æ§ $©¨≥®°§ !¨© 2Øπ°¨ (ب¨Ø∑°π 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,ØƧØÆ %ß®°≠ 3µ≤≤•π 47.D D%8

§°Æ©•¨ ¨•A®•≤ØÆ$≤®µ¨ °£ µ´

-µ¨¥©∞¨• ©Æ¥•≤£°¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ߨ°£©°¨¨π §•≤©∂•§ °Æ§ ≥¨Ø∞•)§•≤©∂•§ §©°≠©£¥©¥•≥ ¥•≥¥©¶π ¥Ø ¥®• §≤°∑¢°£´≥ ض £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©Æß .•Ø∞≤Ø¥•≤Ø∫Ø©£ §©°≠©£¥©¥•≥ ≠Ø≤• ∑©§•¨π ¢µ¥ ≥®•§ Æ•∑ ¨©ß®¥ ØÆ ¥®• £¨Ø≥• ©Æ¥•≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ض ¥®•≥• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©Æ ¥®• #≤πØß•Æ©°Æ ∑Ø≤¨§ )Æ ¥®• .•Ø∞≤Ø¥•≤Ø∫Ø©£ ض $•°¥® 6°¨¨•π #°¨©¶Ø≤Æ©° 53! ≤©¶¥©Æß Ø¶ 2ا©Æ©° Ø££µ≤≤•§ £ØÆ£Ø≠©¥°Æ¥¨π ∑©¥® ° ≠°™Ø≤ ߨ°£©°¨ •∂•Æ¥ ¥®°¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ¥®• +©Æß≥¥ØÆ 0•°´ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ! Æ•∑ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®©≥ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• 3©¨µ≤©°Æ (©¨¨≥ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ¥©≠• ¥®°¥ ≥Ø≠• §©°≠©£¥©¥•≥ °≤• µ¨¥©≠°¥•¨π ض ߨ°£©°¨ Ø≤©ß©Æ !¢µÆ§°Æ¥ §≤Ø∞≥¥ØÆ• ¥•∏¥µ≤•≥ Ø££µ≤ ©Æ ©Æ¥•≤≥¥≤°¥©¶©•§ ®•¥•≤ب©¥®©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∑©¥® £¨°≥¥≥ ض ©§•Æ¥©£°¨ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ßÆ•©≥≥ ≥£®©≥¥ ß≤°Æ©¥• ≠•¥°¢°≥©¥• ±µ°≤¥∫©¥• ¥Ø ¥®Ø≥• ض ¢Øµ¨§•≤)¢•°≤©Æß §©°≠©£¥©¥•≥ ≥µßß•≥¥©Æß ° £Ø≠≠ØÆ ≥ص≤£• ¥®• ߨ°£©°¨ £ØÆ∂•πØ≤ ¢•¨¥ )Æ ≥¥°≤´ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ ≠•ß°£¨°≥¥)¢•°≤©Æß §©°≠©£¥©¥•≥ 𩕨§©Æß £¨°≥¥≥ ض £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• °Æ§ ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ ∞≤•ß¨°£©°¨ ≥¥≤°¥° °≥ ≠µ£® °≥ // ≠ °£≤Ø≥≥ °≤• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ب©≥¥Ø≥¥≤Ø≠•≥ 4®• Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• ض ≥πÆ)≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°µ¨¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ °¨¨Ø∑≥ ߨ°£©°¨ ∂•≤≥µ≥ ≥¨Ø∞•)§•≤©∂•§ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ¥Ø ¢• §©≥¥©Æßµ©≥®•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ¥©≠•

J

&©•¨§ ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §•¨©∂•≤π ¥Ø ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®∑•≥¥ "¨°£´ 3•°- ¥®• ,°¥• -©Ø£•Æ• ¶¨µ∂©Ø/§•¨¥°©£ "°¨¥° &≠ ض ¥®• %°≥¥ #°≤∞°¥®©°Æ &Ø≤•¨°Æ§

!≤™°Æ §• ,••µ∑ 5 !Æ¥ØÆ -°¥Ø≥®´Ø . !Ƨ≤•© -°¥Ø≥®´Ø . -°≤©µ≥ 3¥Ø©£° G °Æ§ 3¥•∞®•Æ * 6©Æ£•Æ¥ 

3 #!30 #°≠¢≤©§ß• 5+ . )Ƨ•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ 2•≥•°≤£®•≤ +π©∂ 5´≤°©Æ• , &°£µ¨¥π ض '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ '•Ø∞®π≥©£≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض "µ£®°≤•≥¥ 2Ø≠°Æ©°

°≤™°Æ §•¨••µ∑$£°≥∞ £°≠ °£ µ´

4®• .7 "¨°£´ 3•° £ØÆ¥°©Æ≥ ¥®• ¢°≥©ÆI≥ ¨°≤ß•≥¥ £¨°≥¥©£ ≥π≥¥•≠ ∑®©£® ©≥ £µ≤≤•Æ¥¨π §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ¥®• $°Æµ¢• °Æ§ §•¨©∂•≤≥ -/ -4 ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∞•≤ π•°≤ 4®©≥ ©≥ <=P ض ¥®• ¶¨µ∏ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• .©¨• °Æ§ ≠Ø≤• ¥®°Æ ¥∑©£• ¥®• ¶¨µ∏ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• .©ß•≤ 2•£•Æ¥ ≥µ££•≥≥•≥ ض ¥®• $Ø≠©ÆØ °Æ§ ,©≤° ∑•¨¨≥ ®©ß®¨©ß®¥ ¥®©≥ ≤•ß©ØÆI≥ ¨°≤ß• ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ /µ≤ ØÆßØ©Æß ¶©•¨§)¢°≥•§ ≤•≥•°≤£® ©≥ ¥°©¨Ø≤•§ ¥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§• ¢•¥¥•≤ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ¥≥ ØÆ ¥®• £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ £¨°≥¥©£ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ©Æ ¢Ø¥® ¥®• 2Ø≠°Æ©°Æ °Æ§ 5´≤°©Æ©°Æ ض¶≥®Ø≤• 3∞•£©°¨ •≠∞®°≥©≥ ©≥ ∞¨°£•§ ØÆ °Æ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ≥∞°¥©°¨ ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ,°¥• -©Ø£•Æ• 0¨©Ø£•Æ• °Æ§ 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• +•π •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °§§≤•≥≥•§ °≤• ¥®• ¥©≠©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• °≤≤©∂°¨ ض ¥®• $°Æµ¢• °Æ§ ¥®• ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ£• ض ¥®• "°¨¥° $•¨¥° ض -ب§Ø∂° °Æ§ 5´≤°©Æ•+ ° ¨°≤ß•¨π µÆ§•≤°∞∞≤•£©°¥•§ °Æ§ ¶≤•±µ•Æ¥¨π Ø∂•≤¨ØØ´•§ £¨°≥¥©£ ≥π≥¥•≠ )Æ ¥®©≥ ¥°¨´ ∑• ¶Ø£µ≥ ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• "°¨¥° &≠ ∑®©£® ∑°≥ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•§ ∑©¥® ° ≤•∂©•∑ ض ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ ¨Ø£°¨ ¨©¥•≤°¥µ≤• ≠©£≤Ø∞°¨°•ØƥبØß©£°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ °Æ§ ®©≥¥Ø≤©£°¨ ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨• ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ 4®• ¨Ø∑•≤≠Ø≥¥ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ £¨°π §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ °Æ§ £ØÆ≥©≥¥≥ ض ≥µ¢Ø≤§©Æ°¥• §•¨¥° ¶≤ØÆ¥ ≥°Æ§ ¢Ø§©•≥ ©Æ¥•≤≥∞•≤≥•§ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≠µ§≥ 4®• ≠©§§¨• µÆ©¥ £ØÆ¥°©Æ≥ ≥•∞°≤°¥• §•¨¥° ∞¨°©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ Ø≤ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¢•¨¥≥ •Æ£°≥•§ ©Æ ¥®©£´ ≠µ§≥ 4®•≥• °≤• Ø∂•≤¨°©Æ ¢π ° µÆ©¥ ∑©¥® °≠°¨ß°≠°¥•§ §•¨¥° ∞¨°©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∑©¥® Øƨπ ≠©ÆØ≤ °≠صƥ≥ ض °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ≠µ§ 4®• °¢µÆ§°Æ£• ض µ∞∞•≤ ¶¨Ø∑ ≤•ß©≠• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥°Æ§≥ ¥®• °¢≥•Æ£• ض ∞•°¥≥ Ø≤ £Ø°¨≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ£• ض £°¨£°≤•Øµ≥ Æاµ¨•≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ° ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π §≤𠣨©≠°¥• ∑©¥® ° ¶¨°≥®π §©≥£®°≤ß• ≤•ß©≠• 4®• "°¨¥° &≠ ض¶•≤≥ °Æ •∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ •∏°≠∞¨• ض ° ¨°≤ß•¨π ∞≤Øß≤°§©Æß ¶¨µ∂©Ø)§•¨¥°©£ ≥π≥¥•≠ ¥®°¥ £°≠• ©Æ¥Ø ¢•©Æß §µ• ¥Ø ° ®©ß® ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• µ∞¨©¶¥•§ #°≤∞°¥®©°Æ≥ °Æ§ ∑°≥ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥•§ ©Æ ° ¢≤Ø°§ ¶Ø≤•¨°Æ§ ¢°≥©Æ

)Æ∂•≤≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ß≤°©Æ/≥©∫• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥

*°Æ §• ,••µ∑ 5 *Ø≤©≥ 4 %ßß•Æ®µ©≥•Æ  -°¥¥®©•µ #°≤¥©ßÆπ . &¨Ø≤©°Æ 0Ø®¨ 

3 5¥≤•£®¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π (•©§•¨¢•≤ߨ°°Æ . ,2@ #3 5¥≤•£®¥ . .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• 7°¥•≤¶≤ØÆ¥ #°≠∞µ≥ %µ≤Ø∞•°Æ 7°π 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3/3 ,:( 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠

™ §•¨••µ∑$µµ ƨ

4®• ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ض ≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥π∞©£°¨¨π §•£≤•°≥•≥ µ∞∑°≤§ ©Æ ° ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ °Æ§ ¥®©≥ ©≥ ¥®• ≠°©Æ £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¥®• ß≤°©Æ)≥©∫• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £®°ÆÆ•¨)¶©¨¨ °Æ§ ¨•∂•• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ (•≤• ∑• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °Æ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•§ ∞•≤≥∞•£¥©∂• ØÆ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ≥•ß≤•ß°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ µ≥©Æß ¶¨µ≠• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ £®°ÆÆ•¨)¨•∂•• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ ØÆ ¥®• ≥•°¶¨ØØ≤ 3°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• !≠°∫ØÆ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶≤Ø≠ /$0 £Ø≤•≥ °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©¨¨µ≥¥≤°¥• ¥®• ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ≥•ß≤•ß°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¨°≤ß• Æ°¥µ≤°¨ £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ )Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ ° ≥©≠∞¨• ≠ا•¨ ©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• 2ص≥• •±µ°¥©ØÆ ¥®°¥ £°Æ ∞≤•§©£¥ ¥®• ¶µ¨¨ ß≤°©Æ)≥©∫• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °¥ •°£® ¨•∂•¨ ©Æ ° ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ &¨µ≠• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ∂•≤©¶π ¥®• ≠ا•¨ $•∞Ø≥©¥ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ©Æ ¥®• -°ß°¨¨°Æ•≥ ¢°≥©Æ ©Æ #®©¨• ©≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ض ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ¥®°¥ ¶¨Ø∑•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®©≥ £®°ÆÆ•¨ 3°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨ °∏©≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¥®• ≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °¥ ¥®• ¢°≥• ض ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ∑®©¨• ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ •¨•∂°¥•§ ¥•≤≤°£•≥ 4®•≤• ©≥ ° ≥®°≤∞ §•£≤•°≥• ©Æ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ¥Ø∑°≤§ ¥®• ≠°≤ß©Æ §•≥∞©¥• ° ¨©≠©¥•§ °≠صƥ ض ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ≤•¨©•¶ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨ °∏©≥ °Æ§ ≠°≤ß©Æ G)D ≠ 3°Æ§ ß≤°©Æ≥ ¨°≤ß•≤ ¥®°Æ _G/ `≠ ∑•≤• °¢≥•Æ¥ ØÆ ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ °Æ§ ∑®•≤• ¥®µ≥ Øƨπ ≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ µ∞ ¥Ø ° ¶•∑ ≠•¥•≤≥ °¢Ø∂• ¥®• ¢•§ 4®• ≠ا•¨ £°Æ °££µ≤°¥•¨π ≤•∞≤اµ£• ¥®• ß≤°©Æ)≥©∫• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °¥ ¢Ø¥® ¨•∂•¨≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ∑®•Æ ¥®• ≥®•°≤ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ض ¥®• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ©≥ ≥•¥ °¥ .).= £≠M≥ 4®©≥ ©≠∞¨©•≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ∑°≥ ®©ß®¨π ≥¥≤°¥©¶©•§ °Æ§ ®°§ ° ¨Ø∑ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ /)/= P 4®• ≠•¥®Ø§Ø¨Øßπ £°Æ ¢• °∞∞¨©•§ ¥Ø ° ∑©§• ≤°Æß• ض ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ ≥•°¶¨ØØ≤ §°¥°≥•¥≥ ∑®•≤• ©¥ £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø •≥¥©≠°¥• ¥®• ∂بµ≠• °Æ§ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥®°¥ ©≥ ¥≤°Æ≥¶•≤≤•§ ¥Ø ¨Ø¢•≥ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠

J.

0≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ض 3•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ 3µ≠°¥≤°. )ƧØÆ•≥©° ,©•¢•≤≠°ÆÆ. #*  (°¨¨ 2 U 'ص߮ ! 3ص¥®•°≥¥ !≥©° 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ 2Øπ°¨ (ب¨Ø∑°π 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,ØƧØÆ 47.D D%8 %ß®°≠ 5+

£®≤©≥ ¨©•¢•≤≠°ÆÆ$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

4®• ©≥¨°Æ§ ض 3µ≠°¥≤° ©≥ ≥©¥µ°¥•§ °¥ ¥®• ≥ص¥®)∑•≥¥•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• )ƧØÆ•≥©°Æ °≤£®©∞•¨°ßØ 3µ≠°¥≤° ©≥ °¶¶•£¥•§ ¢π °£¥©∂• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ ∂ب£°Æ©≥≠ °¨ØÆß ¥®• 3µÆ§° 4≤•Æ£® ∑•≥¥ ض 3µ≠°¥≤° %∏∞Ø≥µ≤•≥ ض ¥®• 0°¨°•Ø∫Ø©£ ≠•¥°)≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥•≠•Æ¥ °≤• ≠°©Æ¨π ¨©≠©¥•§ ©Æ •∏¥•Æ¥ ¥Ø ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•°≥¥)≥ص¥®∑•≥¥ ¥≤•Æ§©Æß "°≤©≥°Æ -صƥ°©Æ £®°©Æ 4®• πصÆß•≤ #•ÆØ∫Ø©£ ≤Ø£´≥ °≤• ∑©§•≥∞≤•°§ °£≤Ø≥≥ 3µ≠°¥≤°+ ¥®•≥• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ∑•¨¨ ≥¥µ§©•§ §µ• ¥Ø ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ •Æ≤©£®≠•Æ¥ ¢µ¥ ¨©¥¥¨• ©≥ ´ÆØ∑Æ °¢Øµ¥ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ®©≥¥Ø≤π ! £Ø≠∞≤•®•Æ≥©∂• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ≥¥µ§π ض ¥®• #•ÆØ∫Ø©£ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ £°Æ °©§ ©Æ ¥®• ∑©§•≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ 3µ≠°¥≤°Æ ∞•¥≤ب•µ≠ ∞¨°π≥ 4®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ° ≠µ¨¥©)∞≤Ø∏π ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ≥¥µ§π ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≠°©Æ #•ÆØ∫Ø©£ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ض 3µ≠°¥≤° °¨ØÆß≥©§• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥)§°π ≤©∂•≤ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ≤•¶©Æ•≥ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ©Æ ¥∑Ø ∑°π≥0 ¶©≤≥¥ ¢π ≥¥µ§π©Æß ¥®• ®•°∂π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ °≥≥•≠¢¨°ß•≥ ض ¥®• ¥°≤ß•¥•§ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ≥•£ØƧ¨π ¢π 5)0¢ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ∫©≤£ØÆ §°¥©Æß µ≥©Æß ,!))#0)-3 ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ¥®• °ß•)≤°Æß• ض ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥ص≤£•≥ 0≤•¨©≠©Æ°≤π °ß•)§°¥° ®•°∂π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ¥®©Æ ≥•£¥©ØÆ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥∑Ø ¶©•¨§∑Ø≤´ ≥•°≥ØÆ≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ° ≠©∏•§ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ≠ا•¨ ∑©¥® ° ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ©ßƕص≥ ≥ص≤£• •ß ¥®• "°≤©≥°Æ≥ °Æ§ ≠°¥µ≤• ¢°≥•≠•Æ¥ ≤Ø£´≥ •ß -°¨°π)0•Æ©Æ≥µ¨° ;3µ≠°¥≤°Æ ¢°≥•≠•Æ¥ !Æ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ض ¥®• ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤• ©Æ -©Ø£•Æ• ≥¥≤°¥° ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ° ∞µ¨≥• ©Æ ¥®• µ∞¨©¶¥ ض ¥®• "°≤©≥°Æ -صƥ°©Æ≥ °¥ ¥®• /¨©ßØ£•Æ•)-©Ø£•Æ• ¢ØµÆ§°≤π 6ب£°Æ©£ ±µ°≤¥∫ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ¥®©≥ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ :©≤£ØÆ °ß•≥ °≥ ب§ °≥ !≤£®•°Æ °≤• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¢Ø¥® ¢•¶Ø≤• °Æ§ °¶¥•≤ ¥®• ≠°™Ø≤ "°≤©≥°Æ µ∞¨©¶¥+ ° ∞≤Ø≠©Æ•Æ¥ 4≤©°≥≥©£ °ß• ß≤ص∞ £°Æ ¢• £Ø≤≤•¨°¥•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• -°©Æ 2°Æß• 0≤Ø∂©Æ£• ß≤°Æ©¥Ø©§≥ ≤•∞Ø≤¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• -°¨°π)0•Æ©Æ≥µ¨° 4®• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ≠ا•≤Æ ≤©∂•≤ ≥°Æ§≥ ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤𠶨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °≤• ≠°©Æ¨π ≥ص≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≤•£•Æ¥ "°≤©≥°Æ)≤•¨°¥•§ ∂ب£°Æ©£ °≤£ :©≤£ØÆ °ß• ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ض ¥®• ≠ا•≤Æ ≤©∂•≤ ≥°Æ§≥ ≤•≥•≠¢¨• ¥®• ∞Ø∞µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶ØµÆ§ ©Æ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤°¥° ∑®•≤•°≥ ¥®• ®•°∂π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©≥ ®©ß®¨π §©¨µ¥•§ ¢π ¥®• ≤•£•Æ¥ ©ßƕص≥ ≥ص≤£•≥

1µ°¨©¥°¥©∂• °Æ§ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• §•≥£≤©∞¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ¨°¥• "°≤≤•≠©°Æ ¥Ø !∞¥©°Æ ¶Ø≤£•§/≤•ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ. %≥≥°Øµ©≤°/!ß°§©≤ "°≥©Æ. -Ø≤Ø££Ø*

4©≠ ,*,µ¢•≤ 5 *ØÆ°¥®°Æ 2•§¶•≤Æ  ,µ£ "µ¨Ø¥ .

3 3%%3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ . !©∏A-°≤≥•©¨¨• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥œ 5-2A#.23 ,,D #%2%'% 0¨°£• 6©£¥Ø≤ (µßØ , 3,,,3 -°≤≥•©¨¨•

¥©≠ ¨µ¢•≤$≠°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

&Ø≤£•§ ≤•ß≤•≥≥©∂• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¥©≠•≥ ض £Ø°≤≥• £¨°≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §•¨©∂•≤π ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• §••∞ ∞°≤¥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ≥ !Æ°¨π≥©Æß ¥®• ≥®°¨¨Ø∑)≠°≤©Æ• ¥Ø ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ• ©≥ ´•π ¥Ø ±µ°¨©¥°¥©∂• °Æ§ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®•≥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¢π ≥¥µ§π©Æß ¥®•©≤ §πÆ°≠©£≥ ≥£°¨• ¥©≠©Æß ©Æ∞µ¥ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∂بµ≠•¥≤©£≥ 4®• ¨°¥• "°≤≤•≠©°Æ ¥Ø •°≤¨π !∞¥©°Æ ©≥ ∑•¨¨ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ©Æ ¥®• %≥≥°Øµ©≤°)!ß°§©≤ ¢°≥©Æ -Ø≤Ø££Ø °Æ§ §•¥°©¨•§ ¶©•¨§ ¨Øßß©Æß °Æ§ ¢©Ø≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≥°≠∞¨©Æß Ø¶ ° ≤•ß≤•≥≥©∂• ∑•§ß• °≤• ß•Æ•≤°¥©Æß ∂°¨µ°¢¨• §°¥° ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ £¨°≥¥©£ §•¨©∂•≤π ض¶≥®Ø≤• 4®• •°≤¨π ¨°¥• "°≤≤•≠©°Æ ©≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ≥®•¨¶°¨ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥® ≥∞Ø≤°§©£ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ©Æ¥•≤¢•§≥ ©¥ ©≥ ©Æ ∞¨°£•≥ ≥®°≤∞¨π Ø∂•≤¨°©Æ ¢π ≥®Ø≤•¶°£• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ Ø≤ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ §•¨¥°©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫•§ ¢π ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ∞≤Øß≤°§°¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ≥®Ø≤•¨©Æ• ≥®©¶¥ ض ./)G/ ´≠ °Æ§ ©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ° ¶Ø≤£•§ ≤•ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ (©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ¢©Ø≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π ∞¨°£•≥ ¥®©≥ ≤•ß≤•≥≥©∂• ∞°£´°ß• ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≠°∏©≠µ≠ ≤°Æß• ض < -° ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ¨°¥• "°≤≤•≠©°Æ  ( ≥°≤¥Øµ≥©°Æ° °≠≠ØÆ©¥• ∫ØÆ• ¥Ø •°≤¨π !∞¥©°Æ  $ Øߨ°Æ•Æ≥©≥ °≠≠ØÆ©¥• ∫ØÆ• )¥ •∏®©¢©¥≥ ° ≥¥≤ØÆß ¥®©£´•Æ©Æß) °Æ§ £Ø°≤≥•Æ©Æß)µ∞∑°≤§ ¥≤•Æ§ °Æ§ ©≥ ©Æ ≠°Æπ ∞¨°£•≥ ¥Ø∞∞•§ ¢π ©Æ£©≥•§ ∂°¨¨•π≥ ¶©¨¨•§ ∑©¥® •©¥®•≤ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ £Ø°≤≥• £¨°≥¥©£ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ¥©§°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ Ø≤ ¶©Æ•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ≠°≤©Æ• °Æ§ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ¶©¨¨ 7•¨¨)•∏∞Ø≥•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ °¨¨Ø∑ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨ §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ∞°¨°•Ø£µ≤≤•Æ¥ ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤≥ 4Øß•¥®•≤ ∑©¥® ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£ §°¥° ¥®©≥ ©≥ ¢•©Æß µ≥•§ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ∂بµ≠•¥≤©£≥ °Æ§ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥•§ 4®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©≥ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨¨π £°∞∞•§ ¢π ° ≤°∂©Æ•≠•Æ¥ ≥µ≤¶°£• ¥®°¥ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ¥®• ≤•¥≤•°¥ ض ¥®• ≥®Ø≤•¶°£• °Æ§ ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂• ¶¨Øا©Æß 4®• ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≠°©Æ ¶••§•≤ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• §••∞ ¢°≥©Æ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≠°∞∞•§ °Æ§ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ '$% ≠°∞≥ ∑©¨¨ ®•¨∞ §•)≤©≥´ ¥®• ≥∞°¥©°¨ ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ¶°Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ° ≠°™Ø≤ ¥°≤ß•¥ ¶Ø≤ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ

JG

#ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ¶°£©•≥ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ ض ¥®• 0•ÆÆ©Æ• "°≥©Æ

,µ£π -°Æ©¶Ø¨§ 5 0•¥•≤ "µ≤ß•≥≥ . 2Ø¢ '°∑¥®Ø≤∞• G #°¥®π (ب¨©≥  )≤©Æ° +Ø≤Æ•∂° G )≥°¢•¨¨° -°≥©•≤Ø . !¥¨• 2Ø¥•∂°¥Æ G 3¥•¶°Æ 3£®≤Ø•§•≤ 

3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ . 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,©∂•≤∞Øب , 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض "•≤ß•Æ

¨µ£π ≠°Æ©¶Ø¨§$≠°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥≥ °©≠≥ ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞¨°π ض ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ØÆ ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ≠°≤ß©Æ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ¥Ø ©≠∞≤Ø∂• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠≥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ ©Æ •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ¢°≥©Æ≥ 3µ£® ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠≥ °≤• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¥°≤ß•¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ ¢µ¥ ¶°£©•≥ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ≥πƧ•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¶≤°£¥µ≤©Æß °Æ§ §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ Ø∂•≤∞≤©Æ¥ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥• ¥Ø ®•¥•≤Øߕƕص≥ °Æ§ ≠µ¨¥©≥£°¨• ∞Ø≤• Æ•¥∑Ø≤´≥ ∑®©£® £Ø≠∞¨©£°¥• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ )Æ ¥®• 0•ÆÆ©Æ• "°≥©Æ -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æ !≥¢©°Æ)"≤©ß°Æ¥©°Æ ¶¨°¥)¥Ø∞∞•§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠≥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ §µ≤©Æß ¢°£´)°≤£ •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ  4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ¶Ø£µ≥•≥ ØÆ ¥®• $•≤¢π≥®©≤• 0¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ %Æߨ°Æ§ °Æ§ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® 7°¨•≥ 0¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ 4®•≥• •°≥©¨π °££•≥≥©¢¨• ص¥£≤Ø∞≥ °¨¨Ø∑ §•≥£≤©∞¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ≠°≤ß©Æ °Æ§ ¥®•≤•¢π ¥®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض ÆØ≤≠°¨ ¶°µ¨¥ ß≤Ø∑¥® ØÆ ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ß≤Ø∑¥® °Æ§ §©°ß•Æ•≥©≥ 4®• ¥∑Ø ¶©•¨§ °≤•°≥ °¨≥Ø °¨¨Ø∑ ¶Ø≤ £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ° ¨°Æ§ °¥¥°£®•§ .Ø≤¥® 7°¨•≥ °Æ§ ° ¨°Æ§ §•¥°£®•§ $•≤¢π≥®©≤• ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ &©•¨§ ≠°∞∞©Æß °Æ§ ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ §•¶©Æ•≥ ° £Ø≠∞¨•∏ °≤≤°π ض ¶°£©•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠©£≤Ø≥£Ø∞©£ ¥Ø ص¥£≤Ø∞ ≥£°¨• 4®• ≠°≤ß©Æ ©≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≠µ§ ≠صƧ≥ ∑©¥® ∑•¨¨)§•¶©Æ•§ £Ø≤•) °Æ§ ¶¨°Æ´ ¶°£©•≥ 3´•¨•¥°¨ ß≤°©Æ≥¥ØÆ• ≥®Ø°¨≥ ©Æ¶©¨¨ ¥®• ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ¢•¥∑••Æ ≠صƧ≥ "•®©Æ§ ¥®©≥ ≠°≤ß©Æ ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ©Æ¥•≤©Ø≤ !≥¢©°Æ ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ•≥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥• ≥¥°£´•§ µ∞∑°≤§)≥®°¨¨Ø∑©Æß £≤©ÆØ©§°¨ ∞°£´≥¥ØÆ•)ß≤°©Æ≥¥ØÆ• ¶°£©•≥ £°∞∞•§ ¢π •∏∞Ø≥µ≤• ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ !¥ ¥®• •Æ§ ض ¥®• !≥¢©°Æ ° £Ø≤≤•¨°¥°¢¨• ∞°¨°•Ø≥ب ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ¥Ø∞ ∑°≥ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨¨π ¢π ¶ØØ¥∑°¨¨ ≤Ø¥°¥©ØÆ /Æ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® 7°¨•≥ 0¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ¥®©≥ ≥µ≤¶°£• ©≥ ≠°≤´•§ ¢π ° ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ ©Æ∞µ¥ /Æ ¥®• $•≤¢π≥®©≤• 0¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ÆØÆ)≥´•¨•¥°¨ ≠صƧ≥ ¢•£Ø≠• ° £Ø≠≠ØÆ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ض ¥®• ©ÆÆ•≤ ≥®•¨¶ ∑®©£® ©≥ Ø¥®•≤∑©≥• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ¢•§§•§ £®•≤¥π ¢≤°£®©Ø∞ا)≤©£® ∞°£´≥¥ØÆ• 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ©≥ £µ≤≤•Æ¥¨π ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©Æß ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¶°µ¨¥©Æß °Æ§ ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆMß•Ø≠•¥≤π ض ¥®•≥• ≠µ§)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢µ©¨§)µ∞≥ )¶ ° ¶°µ¨¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب ©≥ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥•§ ¥®•Æ ¥®≤•• ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥•≥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• £ØÆ≥©§•≤•§ °≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ∑®π ¶°µ¨¥≥ ∞≤اµ£• ∞≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ß≤Ø∑¥®0  ¥®• ≠صƧ≥ ¶Ø≤≠ ØÆ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®©£ ¶ØØ¥∑°¨¨ ®©ß®≥ . ¶°µ¨¥≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ∞≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§MØ≤ G ß•Ø¥®•≤≠°¨ £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ Æµ£¨•°¥•≥ ≠صƧ ß≤Ø∑¥®

!∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §••∞/∑°¥•≤ ∞°¨πÆض°£©•≥ ≥£®•≠• ¥Ø £¨°≥≥©¶π ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ©Æ ¥®• #°≠∞Ø≥ "°≥©Æ. ض¶≥®Ø≤• "≤°∫©¨

-£!≤¥®µ≤. !*$* 5 -Ø≤°©≥ 4!  +µ£®¨• *  3ص∫° 0!  +Æ•¨¨•≤ "# .

3 )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥Ø §• '•Ø£©–Æ£©°≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©§°§• &•§•≤°¨ §Ø 2©Ø '≤°Æ§• §Ø 3µ¨ 0Ø≤¥Ø !¨•ß≤• 23 +32D3A+D "≤°≥©¨ . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ E 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ !¢•≤§••Æ !". ,5% 5+

°§°≠ ≠£°≤¥®µ≤$µ¶≤ß≥ ¢≤

$••∞)∑°¥•≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °≤• ÆØ¥Ø≤©Øµ≥¨π £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ¥Ø ≠ا•¨ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤¨π ©Æ ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• °Æ§ ¶≤•≥® °∞∞≤Ø°£®•≥ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ Ø≤ß°Æ©∫°¥©ØÆ °≤• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ &Ø≤ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ¥©≠• ∑• °∞∞¨π ° Æ•∑ ®©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ∞°¨πÆض°£©•≥ £¨°≥≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ° ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §°¥°≥•¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• #°≠∞Ø≥ "°≥©Æ "≤°∫©¨ 4®• ∞≤©≠°≤π Ø¢™•£¥©∂• ©≥ ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ¥®• ∂°¨µ• ض ¥®• £¨°≥≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ≥£®•≠• ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ °¥ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ¶Ø≤ °∞∞¨©•§ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ض ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• )Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ض .$ ≥•©≥≠©£ §°¥° ¥∑•¨∂• ∑©≤•¨©Æ• ∑•¨¨)¨Øß≥ °Æ§ ¥®≤•• £Ø≤•≥ ©§•Æ¥©¶π ¥®• ß•Æ•≤°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥π≥¥•≠ °≥ ° ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ≥¨Ø∞• ¥≤°Æ≥©•Æ¥)¶°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠ •Æ£Ø≠∞°≥≥©Æß £®°ÆÆ•¨)¨•∂•• °Æ§ ¨Ø¢• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ §•¥°©¨•§ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ≥µ¢)•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• ¨©≠©¥•§ ¥Ø ≤°≤• £Ø≤•§ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ 3•∂•Æ¥π)¶©∂• ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ ¥Ø 0°¨•Øß•Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ∑•≤• ¥°´•Æ ¶≤Ø≠ §©¥£® £µ¥¥©Æß≥ °Æ§ £Ø≤•≥ ¥Ø •∏°≠©Æ• ¥®•©≤ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°¥• Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≠°¥¥•≤ 4®≤•• ®µÆ§≤•§ ∞©•£•≥ ض ≠°¥¥•≤ ∑•≤• ≤•£Ø≤§•§ ∞•≤ ≥°≠∞¨• °¨ØÆß ∑©¥® ¥®•©≤ ≥©∫• °Æ§ ≥®°∞• 3©∏¥••Æ £°¥•ßØ≤©•≥ ض Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≠°¥¥•≤ ∑•≤• •Æ£ØµÆ¥•≤•§ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π °¨¨Ø£®¥®ØÆص≥ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ¢µ¥ °¨≥Ø ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π °µ¥Ø£®¥®ØÆص≥ ≠°≤©Æ• ≠°¥¥•≤ 6°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ≥ ض ∞°≤¥©£¨•≥ ∑•≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥µ¢)•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ 3¥°¥©≥¥©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ∑°≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• ∂°¨©§©¥π ض £µ¥¥©Æß≥ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞°≤• ¥®• §°¥°≥•¥ ∑©¥® ¥®• £¨°≥≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ≥£®•≠• 2•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ °≤• ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©∂• ض ¥®• ¢≤Ø°§ ß•Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ °Æ§ ∞•¥≤Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ∞°¨πÆض°£©•≥ °¨¨Ø∑≥ ®©ß®•≤ ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ •ß ص¥•≤ •∏¥•≤Æ°¨ ¨•∂•• -Ø≤•Ø∂•≤ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¥Ø ¢• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ®•≠©∞•¨°ß©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ °≤• ¨°≤ß•¨π ≥®Ø∑Æ ¥Ø ¢• £Ø≠∞Ø≥•§ ض ¥®©Æ)¢•§§•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ °Æ§ ≠°≥≥)¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®©≥ ≥µ££•≥≥¶µ¨ °∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ° ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §°¥°≥•¥ •∂•Æ ©Æ ÆØÆ)£Ø≤•§ ∑•¨¨≥ ∞≤Ø∂•≥ ¥®• ∂°¨µ• ض ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥©Æß °£≤Ø≥≥ ° ∑©§• ≤°Æß• ض ≥£°¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß Ø¶ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 0°¨πÆض°£©•≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ Æ•∑ ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ®©•≤°≤£®π µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ∑®©£® ©≥ £≤µ£©°¨ ¶Ø≤ ≠°∏©≠©≥©Æß ≤•≥ص≤£• ≤•£Ø∂•≤π

JJ

3•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• ,Ø∑•≤ /¨§ 2•§ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ض ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ -©§¨°Æ§ 6°¨¨•π. 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ :* -£+•¨¨°≤  !* (°≤¥¨•π °Æ§ $)- -°£§ØÆ°¨§ 3£®Øب ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ !¢•≤§••Æ !". ,5%

∫ ≠£´•¨¨°≤$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

4®• - ´≠ ¥®©£´ ,Ø∑•≤ /¨§ 2•§ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ,/23 ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• -©§¨°Æ§ 6°¨¨•π "°≥©Æ -6" 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ ≤°Æß•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ 7•Æ¨Ø£´ ¥Ø %≠≥©°Æ ©Æ °ß• °Æ§ ¨°≤ß•¨π £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ ©Æ ¥®• •°≥¥ ∞°≥≥©Æß ∑•≥¥∑°≤§≥ ©Æ¥Ø ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ•≥ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ¶Ø£µ≥•≥ ØÆ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ض ¥®• ,/23 ¥®°¥ £≤Ø∞ ص¥ ©Æ ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• -©§¨°Æ§ 6°¨¨•π "°≥©Æ 0≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ Ø≤©ß©Æ ¥®•≥• ¶°£©•≥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• 3¥≤°¥®≠Ø≤• °≤•° ∑©¥® °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø££µ≤≤©Æß ÆØ≤¥®∑°≤§≥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• (©ß®¨°Æ§ "صƧ°≤π &°µ¨¥ ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• °§™°£•Æ¥ '≤°≠∞©°Æ (©ß®¨°Æ§≥ 4®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®©≥ °≤•° ° Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ¨Øßß•§ °Æ§ ¨°¥•≤°¨ ¶°£©•≥ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥•§ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ¥®≤•• ¨©≠¢≥ ض ¥®• ≠°™Ø≤ ¶Ø¨§≥ ¥®°¥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥• ¥®• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ 3•∂•≤°¨ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ °Æ§ ©Æ£¨µ§• ¶©∂• £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥• °Æ§ ¶Øµ≤ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ≥µ¢¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ ∑©¥® ° ≥µ¢Ø≤§©Æ°¥• ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥©Æß ¢≤°©§•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 4®•≥• ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¥®• £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ≠ا•¨ ¶Ø≤ ° ¨°≤ß•¨π ¢≤°©§•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß §•≥£≤©¢©Æß ° ¨°≤ß• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥°≤𠶨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥ص≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• •°≥¥)ÆØ≤¥® •°≥¥ °Æ§ •∏¥•Æ§©Æß °£≤Ø≥≥ ¢Ø¥® ¥®• -6" °Æ§ '≤°≠∞©°Æ ¥•≤≤°Æ•≥

4®• 1&Ø≤ßØ¥¥•Æ2 4Ø≤≤©§ØÆ©°Æ- !¨¨µ∂©°¨ Gµ∞∞•≤ ¶¨Ø∑ ≤•ß©≠•H °Æ§ °•Ø¨©°Æ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤•/∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ -•°¨¨ $•°≤ß &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. .7 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§

7©¨¨©°≠ ** -£-°®ØÆ. .•©¨ 3 $°∂©•≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• $Ø∑Æ©Æß 3¥≤••¥ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%1

∑™≠,+$£°≠ °£ µ´

0≤•)∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ®°∂• ¥≤°§©¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ¢••Æ ¥®Øµß®¥ ¥Ø ®°∂• ®°§ •≤≤°¥©£ §©≥£®°≤ß•≥ ≤°∞©§ ≤µÆض¶ ≤°¥•≥ °Æ§ ∂•≤π ®©ß® ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §©≥£®°≤ß•≥+ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ¥π∞©£°¨¨π °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¢π •∞®•≠•≤°¨ ≥®••¥¶¨Øا≥ 2•£•Æ¥¨π ¥®©≥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ £®°¨¨•Æß•§ °≥ ° ∑©§•≤ ∂°≤©•¥π ض ∞≤•)∂•ß•¥°¥•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥¥π¨•≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≤•∞Ø≤¥•§+ •≠∞®°≥©≥©Æß ¥®°¥ ص≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®•≥• °Æ°£¥µ°¨©≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ≤•±µ©≤•≥ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ 4®• -•≥Ø∞≤Ø¥•≤Ø∫Ø©£ -•°¨¨ $•°≤ß &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ¥®• ¨•°≥¥ ≥¥µ§©•§ µÆ©¥ ض ¥®• £¨°≥≥©£ 4Ø≤≤©§ØÆ©°Æ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ض .7 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ (•≤• ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ¨©Æ•≥ ض •∂©§•Æ£• °≤• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ Æ•∑ ¶©•¨§ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ≥ ≥µßß•≥¥©Æß ¥®°¥ ©¥ ∑°≥ ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ¢π ®©ß®)•Æ•≤ßπ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ •∂•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥® ≥µ¢Ø≤§©Æ°¥• °•Ø¨©°Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥0  5∞∞•≤) °Æ§ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ°¨)µ∞∞•≤ ¶¨Ø∑ ≤•ß©≠• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °≤• £Ø≠≠ØÆ °Æ¥©§µÆ• ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ®Ø≤©∫ØÆ¥°¨ ¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ≥ ®µ≠∞¢°£´ £≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ¨Ø∑)°Æߨ• £≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ £®µ¥• °Æ§ ∞Øب ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥+ . 3µ££•≥≥©∂•¨π)¨Ø∑•≤ ¶¨Ø∑)≤•ß©≠• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °≤• £Ø≠≠Øƨπ ≥¥°£´•§ ≤•£Ø≤§©Æß ¥®• ∑°Æ©Æß Ø¶ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ¶¨Øا≥+ G 3µ¢£≤©¥©£°¨ ≥µ¢°±µ•Øµ≥ §µÆ• ¶©•¨§≥ ∑©¥® ≥µ∞•≤©≠∞Ø≥•§ ≤©∞∞¨• ≠°≤´≥ ≥•∞°≤°¥• ≠°Æπ ≥°Æ§¢Ø§©•≥+ J 2©∞∞¨• ≠°≤´≥ •∏®©¢©¥ §≤°©Æ°ß• ¨©Æ•≥ °Æ§ ∂°≤©°¢¨• ≥¥≤©´•≥ ©≠∞¨π©Æß •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• ∞Øب©Æß Ø¶ §≤°©Æ©Æß ∑°¥•≤ §µ≤©Æß ¨Ø∑ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥¥°ß•≥+ = $•≥©££°¥•§ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ Ø££°≥©ØÆ°¨¨π Ø££µ≤ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥®••¥≥+ °Æ§ D 2•¥©£µ¨°¥• ≠°≤´©Æß≥ °Æ§ -°Æ£®µ≤©Ø∞®π£µ≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥ß≤صƧ≥ £Ø¨ØÆ©∫•§ ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥•≥ §µ≤©Æß ±µ©•≥£•Æ¥ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ !¥ ØÆ• ¨Ø£°¨©¥π %Æ°≤§ "°π -•°¨¨ $•°≤ß ¶°£©•≥ °≤• •∏£¨µ≥©∂•¨π °•Ø¨©°Æ 4®• ≠µ¥µ°¨ •∏£¨µ≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ °•Ø¨©°Æ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ≠°π ¢• §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ß≤•°¥•≤ ∞≤Ø∞•Æ≥©¥π ¶Ø≤ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≤•∑Ø≤´©Æß Ø¶ °•Ø¨©°Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ©Æ ∞≤•)∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ 4®©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• -•°¨¨ $•°≤ß &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ©Æ °££Ø≤§°Æ£• ∑©¥® ¥≤°§©¥©ØÆ°¨ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥•≥ £ØÆ£•≤Æ©Æß 0≤•£°≠¢≤©°Æ °¨¨µ∂©µ≠ ≥µßß•≥¥©Æß ¥®°¥ ©¥ ©≥ ∞≤•≠°¥µ≤• ¥Ø ≤•™•£¥ ∑®Ø¨¨π ¥®• £ØÆ£•∞¥ ض °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ ®©ß®)•Æ•≤ßπ ≥®••¥¶¨Øا ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ∞≤•)∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ %°≤¥® ! §°¥°¢°≥• ض GJ ∞≤•)∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ °¨≥Ø ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥≥ £°µ¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®©≥ ≤•ß°≤§ °≥ ∞¨Ø¥≥ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• µ∞∞•≤)¶¨Ø∑ ≤•ß©≠• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥• C=/P §•≥£≤©¢•§ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ ©Æ GJP ض ¥®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥

J=

#®°≤°£¥•≤©∫©Æß ¶¨Ø∑ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥©•≥ ©Æ ° ≤•§/¢•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ- 4≤©°≥≥©£ 3¥ "••≥ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ G.7 %Æߨ°Æ§. 5+H '* -•§©£©  ,* 7•≥¥ .0 -صƥƕπ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 7Øا®Øµ≥• ,°Æ• ,••§≥ 7 9Ø≤´≥®©≤• ,3. +*4 5+

••ß≠$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

2•§)¢•§ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ Ø≤©ß©Æ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ∞Ø≤ص≥ ≠•§©° ∑®©£® ®Ø≥¥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ °Æ§ ß•Ø¥®•≤≠°¨ ≤•≥ص≤£•≥+ °§§©¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ¥®•π ≥•≤∂• °≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ß≤صƧ∑°¥•≤ °±µ©¶•≤≥ (•Æ£• ° ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• ≥¥µ§π ØÆ ¥®• ߕبØß©£°¨ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥©•≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ©Æ ≥µ£® ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ °¥ ° ≤°Æß• ض ≥£°¨•≥ °Æ§ ¢µ≤©°¨ §•∞¥®≥ ©≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§• ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¢Ø¥® ß≤صƧ∑°¥•≤ ∞≤Ø¥•£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ •Æ®°Æ£•≠•Æ¥ ض ¶¨µ©§ ≤•£Ø∂•≤π ©Æ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ 4®• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ 3¥ "••≥ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ °Æ ©§•°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≥¥µ§π ض ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ≥©Æ£• ©¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ©Æ ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ≤°∞©§¨π ≥µ¢≥©§©Æß ≤©¶¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ∑®©£® °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¥®• °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶©Æ•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ• ض ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ ∑©¥® ° ≠•§©µ≠)ß≤°©Æ•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨)≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• !§§©¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ™Ø©Æ¥≥ ¥•≤≠©Æ°¥• °¥ ¢•§§©Æß ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ ¶Ø≤≠©Æß £µ¢©£ ≠°¥≤©∏ ¢¨Ø£´≥ =∏=∏= ≠ ¥®°¥ §•¶©Æ• ° ∞•≤∂°≥©∂• ≥¥≤°¥°¢ØµÆ§ ≥π≥¥•≠ 4®•≥• ≠°¥≤©∏ ¢¨Ø£´≥ °≤• ≠°©Æ¨π §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨©∫•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ∑®©£® ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ∞•≤≠•°¢¨• ¨©¥®Ø¨Øßπ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π -).DP+ + ®a /)J/// ≠$+ + ∂ a//.)D/ ≠$ -µ§)∞≤ØÆ• Ø∂•≤¢°Æ´ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ Ø££µ≤ ¢Ø¥® °¥ ¥®• ¥Ø∞ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¢•¨¥≥ °Æ§ °≥ ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ ¢Ø§©•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨©∫•§ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ /∂•≤¢°Æ´ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫•§ ¢π ¨Ø∑•≤ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π °Æ§ ∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥π ∂°¨µ•≥ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π GP)./P+ + ® //).DG ≠$+ + ∂ ///)<= ≠$ °Æ§ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¨©¥®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π !ÆØ¥®•≤ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ©≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ¢π ∑®©¥• ©Æ)£®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥©¨¥π ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• §≤°∞•≥ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ¶≤Ø≠ P ) /P+ ∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥π ∂°¨µ•≥ ض ° ¶•∑ ≠©¨¨©§°≤£©•≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥©Æß ¶¨Ø∑ ¢°¶¶¨•≥ ! ≤°Æß• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ ®π§≤Ø)ß•Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ ≤•∂•°¨ ®Ø∑ ¢•§§©Æß)∞°≤°¨¨•¨ ¶≤°£¥µ≤•≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥• ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ °¥ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ §•∞¥®≥ ].// ≠ 6•≤¥©£°¨ ≥¥≤°¥°¢ØµÆ§ ™Ø©Æ¥≥ ∑®©£® °≤• §•)¨©≠©¥•§ ¢π ¢•§§©Æß ¶≤°£¥µ≤•≥ •Æ®°Æ£• ∑°¥•≤ ¶¨Ø∑ ¢π •≥¥°¢¨©≥®©Æß £ØÆÆ•£¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥µ¢)®Ø≤©∫ØÆ¥°¨ ¶©≥≥µ≤•≥ 5∞≥£°¨©Æß Ø¶ ©Æ¥•≤ß≤°Æµ¨°≤ ∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥©•≥ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• ¢µ©¨§)µ∞ §•≤©∂°¥©∂•≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ®Ø∑ ¥®• ≠°¥≤©∏ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ £ØƧµ£¥©Æß ¶¨Ø∑ ©Æ ¥®• §••∞ 3¥ "••≥ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• °±µ©¶•≤ .//)// ≠ $•≥∞©¥• ¥®©≥ ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• °Æ§ £ØƧµ£¥©∂©¥π ¨Øß≥ ≤•∂•°¨ ®Ø∑ ¢•§§©Æß ¶≤°£¥µ≤•≥ £ØÆÆ•£¥•§ ¢π ≥¥≤°¥°¢ØµÆ§ ™Ø©Æ¥≥ ≥¥©¨¨ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ∞°≤¥©°¨ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¶¨Ø∑ µ∞ ¥Ø §•∞¥®≥ ض // ≠

3•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ≠©£≤ض°£©•≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≥¨Ø∞• ¥Ø ¢°≥©Æ ¶¨ØØ≤ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ- #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ "Ø∑¨°Æ§ 3®°¨• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. .7 %Æߨ°Æ§ G5+H

.•∑∞Ø≤¥. 3°≤°®* -* 5. 4°π¨Ø≤ +•∂©Æ '  (ص߮ %§∑°≤§ . *•≤≤•¥¥ 2 -  U 7Ø≤§•Æ 2©£®°≤§ ( G

3 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® !¥≠Ø≥∞®•≤©£ °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5+ . "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£• #•Æ¥≤• .©£´•≤ (©¨¨ +•π∑Ø≤¥® .Ø¥¥©Æß®°≠ .'3. 2'' 5+ , 3£®Øب ض %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,©∂•≤∞Øب *°Æ• (•≤§≠°Æ "µ©¨§©Æß ,©∂•≤∞Øب ,*+ ,'0 5+

≥°≤°® ≠ Æ•∑∞Ø≤¥$≠°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

4®• "Ø∑¨°Æ§ 3®°¨• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ ° ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ Ø≤ß°Æ©£)≤©£® ≠µ§≤Ø£´ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ¶°µ¨¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ®°¨¶ )ß≤°¢•Æ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ TGG=-° ¥Ø TGG-° ©Æ ¥®• 0•ÆÆ©Æ• 0≤Ø∂©Æ£• 5+ °Æ§ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ¥®• ¨°≤ß•≥¥ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¥°≤ß•¥ ¶Ø≤ ≥®°¨• ß°≥ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• 5+ 6°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ §©°ß•Æ•≥©≥ ∞¨°π ° ≠°™Ø≤ ≤ب• ©Æ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨©Æß ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ¢µ¥ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ´ÆØ∑¨•§ß• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• "Ø∑¨°Æ§ 3®°¨• ©≥ ¨©≠©¥•§ ¨•°§©Æß ¥Ø ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ µÆ£•≤¥°©Æ¥π ¶Ø≤ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ #•Æ¥©≠•¥≤•)≥£°¨• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¨Øßß©Æß ¥®©Æ ≥•£¥©ØÆ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ °Æ§ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ 4/# U 2Ø£´%∂°¨b ¢°≥•§ ØÆ .= ≠ ض £ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ £Ø≤• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• "Ø∑¨°Æ§ "°≥©Æ •Æ°¢¨•≥ ¥®• ≥¥µ§π ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °£¥©Æß ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≥¨Ø∞•)¥Ø)¢°≥©Æ)¶¨ØØ≤ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ $•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ °Æ§ §•¢≤©¥•≥ ,•Æ¥©£µ¨°≤ ¶°¢≤©£ ¨•Æ≥•≥ =/ ] // ^≠ Ø££µ≤≥ ∑©¥®©Æ °¨¨ ≠µ§)≤©£® ¶°£©•≥ 4®• ¨•Æ≥•≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ≤•≠Ø¢©¨©≥•§ ≥ض¥)≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≠µ§)≤©£® £¨°≥¥≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§©Æß •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ¥≤°£¥©ØÆ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ &©Æ•≤)ß≤°©Æ•§ ¶°£©•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• "Ø∑¨°Æ§ 3®°¨• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ £ØÆ¥°©Æ ¥®• ®©ß®•≥¥ 4/# ∂°¨µ•≥ ] . ∑¥ P 6°≤©°¥©ØÆ ©Æ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≠°¥¥•≤ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¶°£©•≥ °∞∞•°≤≥ ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ¥®• §•ß≤•• ض §©¨µ¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ≤•∑Ø≤´•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©• ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ¨•Æ¥©£µ¨°≤ ¶°¢≤©£ $•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ≥®Ø∑≥ ° ≥¥≤ØÆß £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• £•≠•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ $•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• "Ø∑¨°Æ§ 3®°¨• ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥¥µ§©•§ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¥Ø ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° ≥π≥¥•≠ ض ≥¨Ø∞• °∞≤ØÆ≥ Ø≤©ß©Æ°¥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ° £°≤¢ØÆ°¥•)≤©£® ≥®•¨¶ &°£©•≥ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• ° £®°Æß• ¶≤Ø≠ ° £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¥Ø ° ≠©∏•§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• °Æ§ ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ ≥®•¨¶ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 4®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ض ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ´•π ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¢°≥©Æ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ∑®©£® ©Æ ¥µ≤Æ ®°∂• ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ©≠∞°£¥ ØÆ ¢µ¨´ ≤Ø£´ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ °Æ§ ¥®µ≥ ∞≤Ø≥∞•£¥©∂©¥π ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®•≥• µÆ£ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥

JD

4®• 3•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ض "ØÆ• "•§≥- ° ≤•∂©•∑ °Æ§ ≤•∞Ø≤¥ ØÆ ° Æ•∑ 4≤©°≥≥©£ ≠°≤©Æ• ¢ØÆ• ¢•§* *ØÆ .Ø°§ 3•§©≠•Æ¥°¨ 3•≤∂©£•≥ #°¨ß°≤π !¨¢•≤¥°

™ØÆÆØ°§$®Ø¥≠°©¨ £Ø≠

! ¢ØÆ• ¢•§ £°Æ ¢• §•¶©Æ•§ °≥ ° ≥©Æߨ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤°¥µ≠ ∑©¥® ° ¢ØÆ• £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ ¥®°¥ ©≥ µÆµ≥µ°¨¨π §•Æ≥• ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¥Ø °§™°£•Æ¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ -°Æ𠧩∂•≤≥• °Æ§ ≥¥≤©´©Æß •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ©Æ ¥®• ¶Ø≥≥©¨ ≤•£Ø≤§ ≤°Æß©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ /≤§Ø∂©£©°Æ ¥Ø ≥µ¢)2•£•Æ¥ ©Æ °ß• "ØÆ• ¢•§≥ £°Æ ¢• ≥µ¢§©∂©§•§ ©Æ ° ∂°≤©•¥π ض ∑°π≥+ ¢π ¥®• Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ¥°∏° ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§+ ¥®• ≥©∫• ض ¥®• ∞°≤¥©£¨•≥+ ¥®• £°µ≥• ض §•°¥®+ £°≤Æ©∂Ø≤•≥ ∂•≤≥µ≥ ®•≤¢©∂Ø≤•≥+ °Æ§ ¢π §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß 4®• ≠Ø≥¥ ¶≤•±µ•Æ¥¨π ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ £°µ≥•≥ ض ¢ØÆ• ¢•§ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ≤•¨°¥• ¥Ø §≤ص߮¥ ¶¨Øا©Æß °Æ§ ®π§≤°µ¨©£ ≥Ø≤¥©Æß /¥®•≤ £°µ≥•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• ¨Øß ™°≠ °≥≥•≠¢¨°ß•≥ ≥¥Ø≤≠ ≤•¨°¥•§ §•°¥®≥ °≥® ¶°¨¨≥ ¥≤°∞≥ ≠©≤©Æß ≥•≤©°¨ ∞≤•§°¥©ØÆ ∞Ø©≥ØÆ©Æß ¶Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• ≤•§ ¥©§•≥ £Ø¨§ ¶©≤• °Æ§ §©≥•°≥• 4®• ¶©Æ°¨ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢ØÆ•≥ ≠°π ¢• °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø ¢©Ø¥©£ §µ• ¥Ø ®•≤§©Æß °¢©Ø¥©£ ∑©ÆÆØ∑©Æß Ø≤ ≤•∑Ø≤´©Æß Ø≤ ∞°≥≥©∂• °¥¥≤©¥©ØÆ°¨ §µ• ¥Ø ¨Ø∑ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ≤°¥• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ $•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ £°Æ ¢• °≥£•≤¥°©Æ•§ ¢π •∏°≠©Æ©Æß ¥®• ¨©¥®Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ 4®• ¥°∞®ØÆØ≠π ض ¥®• ∂•≤¥•¢≤°¥• ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ≠°π °¨≥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ £¨µ•≥ °≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥•¥¥©Æß ©Æ ∑®©£® ¥®• ¢ØÆ•≥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ 0µ¢¨©≥®•§ ∑Ø≤´ ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ¥®°¥ °≤صƧ =/P ض ≤•£Ø≤§•§ ¢ØÆ• ¢•§≥ ∑•≤• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ 4®• Ø¥®•≤ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ £¨°≥≥•≥ ض ¢ØÆ• ¢•§ •°£® ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥©Æß ≠Ø≤• ¥®°Æ /P ض ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≠°≤©Æ• °Æ§ £Ø°≥¥°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ #¨°≥¥©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≠°´• µ∞ ≠Ø≤• ¥®°Æ <=P ض ¥®• Ø∂•≤°¨¨ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ 5≥©Æß ≥•∂•≤°¨ £°≥• ≥¥µ§©•≥ ∑• ∑©¨¨ •∏°≠©Æ• ®Ø∑ ¢ØÆ• ¢•§≥ ≠°π ¢• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ °Æ§ ®Ø∑ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ £°Æ ¢• µ¥©¨©∫•§ ¥Ø ¢µ©¨§ µ∞ ° ∞©£¥µ≤• ض ¥®• £°µ≥°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ ¨•§ ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ %∏°≠∞¨•≥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• §≤°∑Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ¢Ø¥® ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ °Æ§ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ 4®• ¶Ø≤≠•≤ ©≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ¢π ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ $©ÆØ≥°µ≤ 0≤Ø∂©Æ£©°¨ 0°≤´ ∑®©¨• ¥®• ¨°¥¥•≤ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ° ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π µÆ≤•∞Ø≤¥•§ ≠°≤©Æ• ¢ØÆ• ¢•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 4≤©°≥≥©£ 3µ¨∞®µ≤ -صƥ°©Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ +°Æ°Æ°≥´©≥ #صƥ≤π ¢Ø¥® ©Æ !¨¢•≤¥° 4®• §°¥° ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ∑©¨¨ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ¢µ©¨§ ≠ا•¨≥ ¥®°¥ µ¥©¨©∫• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ¥Ø £¨°≥≥©¶π ¢ØÆ• ¢•§≥

'¨Ø¢°¨ $≤°©Æ°ß• 0°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ض -ا•≤Æ 3•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π "°≥©Æ≥ °Æ§ ¥®• !Æ¥®≤Ø∞Ø£•Æ•

"™¯≤Æ .π¢•≤ß  7©¨¨©°≠ (•¨¨°Æ§)(°Æ≥•Æ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض "•≤ß•Æ 0 / "Ø∏ @D, 2D.D "•≤ß•Æ .Ø≤∑°π

¢™Ø≤Æ Æπ¢•≤ß$µ©¢ ÆØ

3ص≤£•)¥Ø)≥©Æ´ §•¥°©¨ ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ∞≤اµ£¥©ØÆ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °¨ØÆß ©¥≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≤ص¥©Æß ∞°¥®∑°π ¶≤Ø≠ ≥ص≤£• ¥Ø ©¥≥ µ¨¥©≠°¥• ≥©Æ´ !Æ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∞°¥®∑°π≥ °¨ØÆß 3.3 ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©≥ °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ °≥∞•£¥ ©Æ Ƶ≠•≤ص≥ ¶©•¨§≥ ض ©Æ±µ©≤π ¶≤Ø≠ ±µ°Æ¥©¶π©Æß ¢©Ø£®•≠©£°¨ £π£¨•≥ ¥Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¢µ§ß•¥©Æß )Æ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ≠°Æπ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ®°∂• °∞∞¨©•§ ≠ا•≤Æ 3.3 ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °≥ °Æ°¨Øß≥ ¶Ø≤ °Æ ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ØÆ ¥®• ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ¥®°¥ ≤•¨°¥• ¥Ø ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ µÆ§•≤ ∂°≤©Øµ≥ °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ °Æ§ °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ 4®• ≥©Æ´ ض ≠°Æπ ߨآ°¨ ≠ا•≤Æ 3.3 ≤•≥•°≤£® ©≥ °≥≥µ≠•§ ¥Ø ¢• ¥®• ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ °Æ§ §••∞ ≠°≤©Æ• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥+ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¨°≤ß• ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ≥ °≤• °¨≥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§©Æß ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ض °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ©Æ ¥®• -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞© '°Æß•≥ °Æ§ .©ß•≤ $•¨¥°≥ 4®©≥ ß•Æ•≤°¥•≥ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≤ص¥©Æß ∞°¥®∑°π≥ Ø≤ ≥µ¢)£°¥£®≠•Æ¥≥ ∑®©£® °≤• °¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¥Ø ±µ°Æ¥©¶π ¥®• °Æ¥®≤Ø∞Øß•Æ©£ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• °¨ØÆß ¥®• 3.3 ≥π≥¥•≠ ! Æ•∑ ≠•¥®Ø§Ø¨Øß𠧕∞©£¥©Æß .G-G §≤°©Æ°ß• ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ∑°¥•≤≥®•§≥ ¥Ø ≠ا•≤Æ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ≥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ ߨآ°¨¨π ∞°≥≥©∂• ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ DGP ¶Ø≤•¨°Æ§ =P °Æ§ ©Æ¥≤°£≤°¥ØÆ©£ .P ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ §≤°©Æ ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ °≤•° ¥Ø ¥®• £Ø°≥¥¨©Æ• °Æ§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §©≥£®°≤ß• ض •°£® ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ ≤•ß©≠• ©≥ §•≤©∂•§ ∞≤©≠°≤©¨π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥ص≤£• ≤•ß©ØÆ °¨¥®Øµß® ¶Ø≤•¨°Æ§ °Æ§ ©Æ¥≤°£≤°¥ØÆ©£ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ®°∂• ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨¨π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ $•≥∞©¥• ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ≥ °•≤©°¨ £Ø∂•≤°ß• ض DP ض ¥®• ¨°Æ§≥µ≤¶°£• G.P ض ¥®• ∑Ø≤¨§I≥ ∞Ø∞µ¨°¥©ØÆ ≤•≥©§•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ °Æ§ -DP ض ≠°™Ø≤ §°≠≥ Ø££µ≤ ©Æ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ®©ß®¨©ß®¥ ¥®• £ØÆ≥©§•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• Æ••§•§ ∑®•Æ ≥•¨•£¥©Æß ≠ا•≤Æ °Æ¥®≤Ø∞Øß•Æ©£°¨¨π)≠ا©¶©•§ 3.3 °Æ°¨Øß≥ ¶Ø≤ °Æ •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥ ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ≥π≥¥•≠ 4®• Æ•∑ ߨآ°¨ ∑°¥•≤≥®•§ §°¥°≥•¥ ¶µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• °¨¨Ø∑ ¶Ø≤ ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• ≥¥µ§©•≥ ض 3.3 ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ •ß ≤©∂•≤ ¨•Æߥ® ≥®•¨¶ ∑©§¥® ≥¨Ø∞• ∑©§¥® •¨•∂°¥©ØÆ ¢π °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ °Æ§ °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ¥Ø ®•¨∞ ©≠∞≤Ø∂• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ

J<

)ƶ¨µ•Æ£• ض 3°¨¥/2•¨°¥•§ 3•°¢•§ 4Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ØÆ -°≥≥/4≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ #Ø≠∞¨•∏ G-4#H 3•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ

!Ƨ≤•° /≤¥©∫/+°≤∞¶ 5 $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ  #®≤©≥¥Ø∞®•≤ !), *°£´≥ØÆ .

3 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+ . "°≥©Æ≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ ="2'> $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• E %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• 37 ."0 ,ØƧØÆ 5+

••°¨Ø´$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

4®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π ض ≠°≥≥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ £Ø≠∞¨•∏•≥ -4#≥ £°Æ ¢• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¢π ≥•°¢•§ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π -Ø≤• ≥∞•£©¶©£°¨¨π -4#≥ ≠°π ¢• ∞ØƧ•§ §©∂•≤¥•§ Ø≤ ¢¨Ø£´•§ ¢π ¢°¥®π≠•¥≤©£ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ !¨¥®Øµß® ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≠°≥≥)¶¨Ø∑≥ °Æ§ ≥•°¢•§ ≤•¨©•¶ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ ©¥≥ •¶¶•£¥ ØÆ ¥®• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ®°≥ ÆØ¥ ¢••Æ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥•§ ©Æ §•¥°©¨ )Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ∑• µ≥• G$ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≤•¶¨•£¥©ØÆ §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 3°Æ¥Ø≥ "°≥©Æ ض¶≥®Ø≤• "≤°∫©¨ ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• •¶¶•£¥ ض ≥°¨¥)≤•¨°¥•§ ≥•°¢•§ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ØÆ ¥®• ß≤Ø≥≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض °Æ °≤•°¨¨π •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• £ JD=/ ´≠ . -4# 4®• -4# ©≥ £Ø≠∞Ø≥•§ ض ¨Ø∑)°≠∞¨©¥µ§• £®°Ø¥©£ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≤•¶¨•£¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ §•¢≤©¥•≥ °Æ§ Ø££µ≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• /¨©ßØ£•Æ•)2•£•Æ¥ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π 4®• -4# ∑°≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ØÆ ° ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®©£°¨¨π £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≥•°¢•§ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ¨©Æ´•§ ≠©Æ©¢°≥©Æ≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥°¨¥ §©°∞©≤≥ #®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °Æ§ ≥•©≥≠©£ ¶°£©•≥ ض ¥®• -4# ≤•¶¨•£¥ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß ¢°¥®π≠•¥≤π &©≤≥¥ ≠•ß°£¨°≥¥≥ ¥®°¥ ≤°Æß• ©Æ ≥©∫• ¢•¥∑••Æ  °Æ§ / ´≠ . °Æ§ ∑®©£® °≤• ≥µ≤≤صƧ•§ ¢π ° £®°Ø¥©£ §•¢≤©¥©£ ≠°¥≤©∏ °≤• £Øƶ©Æ•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≠©Æ©¢°≥©Æ≥ $Ø∑Ƨ©∞ ض ¥®• ≠©Æ©¢°≥©Æ≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≠Ø≤• ∑•°´¨π £Øƶ©Æ•§ ¢°≥©Æ¶¨ØØ≤ ¥®• -4# £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ §•¢≤©¥©£ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ £ØÆ¥°©Æ©Æß ¶•∑ ≠•ß°£¨°≥¥≥ 4Ø∑°≤§≥ ¥®• ≠©Æ©¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≤•¶¨•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¢•£Ø≠• ¨Ø£°¨¨π ≠Ø≤• £ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ °Æ§ ∞°≤°¨¨•¨ 4®©≥ ≥•©≥≠©£ ¶°£©•≥ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ≠Ø≥¥ ض ¥®• £Ø°≤≥•≤ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ∑°≥ £Øƶ©Æ•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≠©Æ©¢°≥©Æ≥ ∑©¥® ØÆ¨π ¥®• ¶©Æ•≤ ∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ Ø∂•≤¶¨Ø∑©Æß ¶¨°Æ´©Æß ¢°¥®π≠•¥≤©£ ®©ß®≥ 4®• ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ £ØÆ¥©Æµ©¥π ض ¥®• ≥•©≥≠©£ ≤•¶¨•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¥®• ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ £Øµ¨§ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¨Ø£°¨ ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• •Æ¥≤°©Æ≠•Æ¥ 4®• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ¢•¥∑••Æ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °Æ§ ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥•©≥≠©£ ¶°£©•≥ ∑©¥® £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß ¢°¥®π≠•¥≤π ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ £®°Æß•§ ©Æ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ≥•°¢•§ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π 4®©≥ ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ¨©¥®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ®°≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¨°¥•≤°¨ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ض -4#≥ ∑®©£® ©≠∞°£¥≥ ¥®•©≤ °¢©¨©¥π ¥Ø °£¥ °≥ ≥•°¨≥ ¥Ø ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥

5Ƨ•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ≥- "©ß®Ø≤Æ "°≥©Æ. 7πØ≠©Æß

!≠°Æ§° /∑•Æ 5 !§≤©°Æ (°≤¥¨•π  !¨•Æ° %¢©Æß®°µ≥  -°µ≤©£©Ø 3°Æ¥Ø≥ . °Æ§ '°≤π 7•©≥≥≠°ÆÆ G

3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ !¢•≤§••Æ 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ . #%#3 5&!"# 3°Æ¥Ø !Ƨ≤œ "≤°∫©¨ , $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ 0¨°Æ•¥°≤π 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض .•∑ -•∏©£Ø !¨¢µ±µ•≤±µ• .- 53!

° Ø∑•Æ$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

2•£•Æ¥ °§∂°Æ£•≥ ©Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ®°≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ °Æ ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ °¥ ¥®• ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥£°¨• 3π≥¥•≠ ≥£°¨• •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ®°∂• ÆØ∑ ¢••Æ §•≥£≤©¢•§ ©Æ ° ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• ≠°ÆÆ•≤ °Æ§ ®©ß®¨©ß®¥ ¥®• ∞≤•§©£¥©∂• Æ°¥µ≤• ض §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©∂• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ $&3 (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®•≤• °≤• ¶•∑ ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ¥®°¥ ®°∂• ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂•¨π °≥≥•≥≥•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °¥ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ≥£°¨• )¥ ©≥ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥•§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• $&3 ≠ا•¨ ≥®Øµ¨§ •Æ®°Æ£• ص≤ °¢©¨©¥π ¥Ø ≥µ££•≥≥¶µ¨¨π ∞≤•§©£¥ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠ا•≤Æ ¢°≥©Æ≥ 4Ø ¥•≥¥ ¥®©≥ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ ° Æ•°≤ •Æ¥©≤• ¢°≥©Æ ≥£°¨• ≥¥µ§π ض 0°¨•Ø£•Æ• °Æ§ %Ø£•Æ• ≥¥≤°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• "©ß®Ø≤Æ "°≥©Æ 7πØ≠©Æß ®°≥ ¢••Æ µÆ§•≤¥°´•Æ ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ ®Ø∑ °∞∞¨©£°¢¨• ¥®• $&3 ≠ا•¨ ©≥ °¥ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ≥£°¨• %∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ •∏∞Ø≥µ≤• °Æ§ ° ßØا £®≤ØÆØ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ≠°´•≥ ¥®• "©ß®Ø≤Æ "°≥©Æ °Æ •∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ £°Æ§©§°¥• ¶Ø≤ ≥µ£® ° ≥¥µ§π ∑©¥® Ø∂•≤ . ¨Ø£°¨©¥©•≥ °Æ§ ° ¥Ø¥°¨ ض J///≠ ض ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ °Æ°¨π≥•§ Ø∂•≤ 

J

6°≤©°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £≤Ø≥≥/≥•£¥©ØÆ°¨ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ ©Æ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ &≤°Æ∫©≥´° !* 0°¨≠  *•¶¶ 0•°´°¨¨ °Æ§ $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+

••¶°∞$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ °≤• °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®©£ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥•°¢•§ °Æ§ ∞¨°π ° ´•π ≤ب• ©Æ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °≥ ° ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤ ض Ƶ¥≤©•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• §••∞ Ø£•°Æ 4®•π °≤• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ∑Ø≤¨§∑©§• °Æ§ •∏®©¢©¥ ° ∑©§• §©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ °Æ§ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¥π∞•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ©≥ب°¥•§)§••∞)Ø£•°Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ¥Ø ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ•)¶°Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ≠Ø≥¥ ≥¥µ§©•≥ £¨°≥≥©¶π ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ °≥ ° ≥©Æߨ• ß≤ص∞ ≤°¥®•≤ ¥®°Æ §©≥¥©Æßµ©≥®©Æß ¥®•≠ °≥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¥π∞•≥ 9•¥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¥π∞•≥ ض ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≠°π ®°∂• §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ≥ 4®©≥ ©≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ´•π ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ®Ø∑ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ £Ø≠∞°≤• ¥Ø ≤©∂•≤≥ )Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ص≤ °©≠ ©≥ ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ∑®•¥®•≤ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¥π∞•≥ ∂°≤π ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض ¥®•©≤ £≤Ø≥≥)≥•£¥©ØÆ°¨ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π 3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ °≤• §©∂©§•§ ©Æ¥Ø ≥©∏ ¥π∞•≥0 ) °∏©°¨ )) ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ•)¶°Æ ))) ≥¨Ø∞• )6 ÆØÆ)≠°≤ß©Æ°¨)Ø£•°Æ 6 ©≥ب°¥•§)§••∞)Ø£•°Æ °Æ§ 6) £°ÆπØÆ)¨©´• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ #≤Ø≥≥)≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ∞≤©≠°≤π §°¥° °Æ§ ¶≤Ø≠ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ ¨©¥•≤°¥µ≤• ≠µ¨¥©¢•°≠ Ø≤ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥Ø∞ ≥µ≤¶°£• ض G$ ≥•©≥≠©£ §°¥°≥•¥≥ ∑•≤• Ø¢¥°©Æ•§ ¶Ø≤ •°£® £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¥π∞• -Ø≤∞®Ø≠•¥≤©£ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨ ∑©§¥® £®°ÆÆ•¨ §•∞¥® £®°ÆÆ•¨)¢•§ ∑©§¥® £≤Ø≥≥)≥•£¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥®°∞• °Æ§ °≤•° °≤• °Æ°¨π≥•§ ¶Ø≤ •°£® £≤Ø≥≥) ≥•£¥©ØÆ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ° ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ØÆ0 ) ° ≥≠°¨¨ ≥£°¨• ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ £≤Ø≥≥)≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ° ß©∂•Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨ )) ° ≠•§©µ≠ ≥£°¨• ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ß©∂•Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¥π∞• °Æ§ ))) ° ¨°≤ß• ≥£°¨• ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¥π∞•≥ /Æ ¥®• ¨°≤ß• ≥£°¨• ¥∑Ø §©≥¥©Æ£¥©∂• ß≤ص∞≥ ∑•≤• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ©Æ ¥®• ∑©§¥®)§•∞¥® ≤°¥©Ø0 ) ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ•)¶°Æ ≥¨Ø∞• °Æ§ ÆØÆ)≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ®°∂• ∑©§¥®)§•∞¥® ≤°¥©Ø≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ G °Æ§  ∑®•≤•°≥ )) °∏©°¨ ©≥ب°¥•§)§••∞)Ø£•°Æ °Æ§ £°ÆπØÆ)¨©´• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ®°∂• ∑©§¥®)§•∞¥® ≤°¥©Ø≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ G. °Æ§ = 4®• ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ° ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ©≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¶¨Ø∑ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤ £Ø≠∞°≤©Æß ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ¥Ø ≤©∂•≤≥ ØÆ %°≤¥® °Æ§ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ØÆ Ø¥®•≤ ∞¨°Æ•¥°≤π ¢Ø§©•≥

0•¥≤Øß≤°∞®π ض ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ °Æ§ 82$ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®•©≤ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• £°∞≥. ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• #°≥¥°ßÆب° ≥π≥¥•≠. .7 )¥°¨π

-°≤£Ø 0°¥°££© 5 -°¥¥©° -°≤©Æ© . &°¢≤©∫©Ø &•¨¨•¥¥© . !Ƨ≤•° $© '©µ¨©Ø G -°≥≥©≠Ø 3•¥¥© G °Æ§ 7©¨¨©°≠ -£#°¶¶≤•π 

3 4µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 5+ . %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ O!≤§©¥Ø $•≥©ØL 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -©¨°Æ )¥°¨π , $©∞°≤¥©≠•Æ¥Ø §© 3£©•Æ∫• §•¨¨° 4•≤≤° • §•¨¨P!≠¢©•Æ¥• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 0°∂©° )¥°¨π

≠ ∞°¥°££©$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

4®• ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°¥• ¨Ø°§ ض ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ £°Æ ¢• §©∂©§•§ ©Æ¥Ø £Ø°≤≥•≤ ≥©¨¥M≥°Æ§Mß≤°∂•¨ °Æ§ ¶©Æ•≤ ≠µ§ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ 4®• £Ø°≤≥•≤ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ¥®• ≥µ¢™•£¥ ض ≠Ø≥¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥ ≤•≥•°≤£® ¢•£°µ≥• ض ©¥≥ ∞≤Ø≠©Æ•Æ£• °¥ ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ ©¥≥ ≤ب• ©Æ ¶Ø≤≠©Æß ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ 2•£•Æ¥¨π ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ß©∂•Æ ¥Ø ¥®• ≤ب• ض £¨°π ©Æ °¶¶•£¥©Æß ¶¨Ø∑ ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥ £®°≤°£¥•≤ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ≥¥µ§©•≥ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©Æß ≠µ§£°∞ £®°≤°£¥•≤ °Æ§ ¥®µ≥ ∂بµ≠•≥ °Æ§ ≤ب• ض ≠µ§ ©≥ ¨©≠©¥•§ 4®©≥ ©≥ ∞°≤¥¨π ¢•£°µ≥• ≠µ§£°∞≥ ¥•Æ§ ¥Ø £≤Ø∞ ص¥ ∞ØØ≤¨π °Æ§ ∞°≤¥¨π ¢•£°µ≥• ≠µ§ ض¥•Æ ¢π∞°≥≥•≥ §Ø∑Æ)§©∞ ∑®•≤• •∂•Æ¥≥ £°ÆÆØ¥ •°≥©¨π ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ Ø≤ ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ ≥°Æ§©•≤ £ØµÆ¥•≤∞°≤¥≥ 4®• #°≥¥°ßÆب° ≥π≥¥•≠ .7 )¥°¨π ©≥ °Æ •∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ¨°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π ¥Ø ≥¥µ§π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≠µ§£°∞≥ &©≤≥¥ ¶µ¨¨π ∞ØƧ•§ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¶Ø≤ ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ∞°≤¥ ض ©¥≥ ©Æ¶©¨¨ ©• ≥°Æ§ °Æ§ ≠µ§ ∑•≤• ¥≤°∞∞•§ ¥Øß•¥®•≤ 3•£ØƧ ≤°∞©§ ¢°≥©Æ ¶©¨¨ °Æ§ ¨Ø∑ ≤°¥•≥ ض ®•≠©∞•¨°ß©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ≠•°Æ ¥®°¥ ≠Ø≥¥ ≠µ§ ©≥ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥©£ &©Æ°¨¨π ¥∑Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥ص≤£•≥ ∑©¥® §©¶¶•≤©Æß ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£ ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤• ∑•≤• ≥πÆ£®≤ØÆص≥¨π °£¥©∂• °¨¨Ø∑©Æß £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ≥ص≤£• ض ¥®• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ≠µ§£°∞≥ 4®©Æ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ 82$ ≠µ§£°∞≥ °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ∑•≤• £ØƧµ£¥•§ ØÆ Ø∂•≤ =/ ¢•§≥ 2•≥µ¨¥≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ° £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ≠µ§£°∞ ≥ص≤£• ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤• (Ø∑•∂•≤ ∑®©¨• ≠Ø≥¥ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ¢•§≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥©ß®¥ £¨µ≥¥•≤©Æß °≤صƧ ¥∑Ø ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£ ¥π∞•≥ ≠µ§£°∞≥ ≥®Ø∑ ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤•≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ≠Ø≤• ≠©∏•§ (•Æ£• ©¥ ©≥ ¥®Øµß®¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ≠µ≥¥ ®°∂• ®°§ ° c≥©Æߨ• ≥ص≤£•c £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ≥°Æ§ °Æ§ ≠µ§ °¥ ©Æ©¥©°¥©ØÆ ¢µ¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≠µ§ ¢•£°≠• ≠©∏•§ ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß °£±µ©≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠µ§ ∞°≤¥©£¨•≥ •Æ)≤ص¥• ¨©´•¨π ¥®≤ص߮ ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• •≤Ø≥©ØÆ+ ≥°Æ§ ∑°≥ °∞∞°≤•Æ¥¨π ≤°≤•¨π •≤ا•§ •Æ)≤ص¥• &µ≤¥®•≤ ∑Ø≤´ °©≠•§ °¥ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ©Æß ¥®• °≠صƥ ض ≠©∏©Æß ∑©¨¨ ¢•¥¥•≤ §•¶©Æ• ¥®• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠µ§ °£±µ©≤•§ ¢π ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑≥ •Æ)≤ص¥• °Æ§ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ®•¨∞ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ∞°¥¥•≤Æ Ø¶ ¶¨Ø∑ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• £®°≤°£¥•≤ °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥

J-

%∏∞¨Ø≤©Æß ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §©≥£≤•¥• ≥¥≤Ø≠°¥Ø¨©¥• ¢µ©¨§/µ∞≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• !¢µ $®°¢© £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≥°¢´®°

!Ƨ≤•°≥ 0°µ¨ 5 ,µ©∫° ,•≥≥° !Ƨ≤°§• . +©≤≥¥•Æ % $µ¥¥ØÆ . !Æß•¨° 3®•≤≤π . 7•≥¨•π - #ص≤¥  #••≥ ∂°Æ §•≤ ,°Æ§ . 3¥•∞®•Æ 7 ,Ø´©•≤  )°Æ - (•°§ .

3 4®• 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 0 / "Ø∏ .2,, !¢µ $®°¢© 5Æ©¥•§ !≤°¢ %≠©≤°¥•≥ . .•∑£°≥¥¨• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 3£®Øب ض #©∂©¨ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß °Æ§ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ $≤µ≠≠ØƧ "µ©¨§©Æß .•∑£°≥¥¨• µ∞ØÆ 4πÆ• .%3 25 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠

°∞°µ¨$∞© °£ °•

$©≥£≤•¥• ≥¥≤Ø≠°¥Ø¨©¥• ¢µ©¨§)µ∞≥ °≤• §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¢Ø¥® ≠°≤©Æ• °Æ§ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ∑Ø≤¨§∑©§• 4®•≥• ≥¥≤Ø≠°¥Ø¨©¥•≥ ¶Ø≤≠ ¥®≤ص߮ ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥≤°∞∞©Æß °Æ§ ¢©Æ§©Æß Ø¶ °¨¨Ø£®¥®ØÆص≥ ß≤°©Æ≥ °Æ§ ¥®• §©≤•£¥ ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø£®¥®ØÆص≥ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ ≠•§©°¥•§ °Æ§MØ≤ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ¥®• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ¶°µÆ° 5Æ¥©¨ ÆØ∑ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ° ¨©Æ´ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥¥≤Ø≠°¥Ø¨©¥• ¢µ©¨§)µ∞≥ °Æ§ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ ®°≥ ÆØ¥ ¢••Æ £¨•°≤¨π •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ 7®©¨• ¢Ø¥® ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ °Æ§ ≥¥≤Ø≠°¥Ø¨©¥• ¢µ©¨§)µ∞≥ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ Ø££µ≤ ©Æ £¨Ø≥• ∞≤Ø∏©≠©¥π ÆØ §©≤•£¥ •∂©§•Æ£• ®°≥ ¢••Æ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥•§ ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ° £ØÆÆ•£¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®•©≤ ß≤Ø∑¥® ¶Ø≤≠≥ (•≤• ∑• ≤•∞Ø≤¥ •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ° ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π µÆ§•≥£≤©¢•§ ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥¥≤Ø≠°¥Ø¨©¥• ¢µ©¨§)µ∞≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ∞≤•£µ≤≥Ø≤ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≥°¢´®° ض !¢µ $®°¢© 4®• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥•§ ≠ا•¨ ß•Æ•¥©£°¨¨π ¨©Æ´≥ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض §©≥£≤•¥• ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨©¥•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ •°≤¨©•≤ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ©ÆµÆ§°¥©ØÆ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ °Æ§ •°≤¨π ¨©¥®©¶©£°¥©ØÆ 7• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥• ¥®°¥ µÆ§•≤ Ø∞¥©≠°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®•≥• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ∑©¨¨ ∞≤اµ£• §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ≥¥≤Ø≠°¥Ø¨©¥• ¢Ø§©•≥ °´©Æ ¥Ø ¥®Ø≥• §•≥£≤©¢•§ ©Æ 3®°≤´ "°π 7•≥¥•≤Æ !µ≥¥≤°¨©° Ø≤ (©ß®¢Øµ≤Æ• #°π '≤•°¥ "°®°≠° "°Æ´

)ƶ¨µ•Æ£• ض #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥ ¶Ø≤£•≥ ØÆ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥

-°≤¥° 0°πØ 0°πØ 5.? °Æ§ 2©£°≤§Ø 3©¨∂° *°£©Æ¥Ø .

3 )&2%-%2 'œØ≥£©•Æ£•≥ -°≤©Æ•≥A%$2/-% #•Æ¥≤• §• "≤•≥¥ "0D #33DDD .+.@D 0¨Øµ∫°Æœ &≤°Æ£• . 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥œ §• "≤•≥¥ )5%- 5-2 #.23 *2,@ $Ø≠°©Æ•≥ /£œ°Æ©±µ•≥ 0¨°£• .©£Ø¨°≥ #Ø∞•≤Æ©£ .+.@D 0¨Øµ∫°Æœ &≤°Æ£•

≠°≤¥° ∞°πØ ∞°πØ$©¶≤•≠•≤ ¶≤

4®• 6°≤ 4µ≤¢©§©¥• 3π≥¥•≠ ¨Ø£°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ∂©£©Æ©¥π ض .©£• ÆØ≤¥®∑•≥¥ -•§©¥•≤≤°Æ•°Æ 3•° ®°≥ ¢••Æ ≥¥µ§©•§ ¶Ø≤ Ø∂•≤ ¶©¶¥π π•°≤≥ ≠°©Æ¨π ØÆ ¥®• ¢°≥©≥ ض ≥•©≥≠©£ ∞≤ض©¨•≥ °Æ§ £Ø≤•≥ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ¶Ø£µ≥•≥ ØÆ ®Ø∑ #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥ ¶Ø≤£•≥ ≠©ß®¥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ®π∞•≤∞π£Æ°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ©Æ ¥®©≥ ≥π≥¥•≠ $µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ¨Ø∑ ∂•¨Ø£©¥©•≥ ض ¥®•≥• ¶¨Ø∑≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥©∫• ض ¥®• ≥π≥¥•≠ #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥ ¶Ø≤£•≥ ≠°π ∞¨°π °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ≤ب• ©Æ ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ©Æ ¥®• ¶©Æ°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥ ¶Ø≤£•≥I ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ®°≥ ¨ØÆß ¢••Æ °£´ÆØ∑¨•§ß•§ ©Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ¢µ¥ ©¥ ©≥ ض¥•Æ ƕߨ•£¥•§ ∑®•Æ ≥¥µ§π©Æß °Æ§ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥I ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ¢•£Ø≠•≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ∑®•Æ ¥®• ≥∞°¥©°¨ °Æ§ ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ ≥£°¨•≥ ض %°≤¥®I≥ ≤Ø¥°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ °≤• ≥©≠©¨°≤ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ °¥¥•≠∞¥ ¥Ø ≥©≠µ¨°¥• ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ®π∞•≤∞π£Æ°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ©Æ ¥®©≥ ≥π≥¥•≠ 4®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥ ¶Ø≤£•≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥∞°¥©°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®• £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 6°≤ 3•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π 2©§ß• ©≥ •∂©§•Æ£•§ °Æ§ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥•§ 4®• ≥©≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ∑®©£® #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥ ©≥ ÆØ¥ ¥°´•Æ ©Æ¥Ø °££ØµÆ¥ ≥®Ø∑ ° ±µ°≥©)≥π≠≠•¥≤©£ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ Ø¶ ≥∞≤•°§©Æß °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ∑®©£® ©≥ Øƨπ ∞°≤¥©°¨¨π £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ ¢π ¥®• 6°≤ 3•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π 2©§ß• 7®•Æ #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥ ©≥ ¥°´•Æ ©Æ¥Ø °££ØµÆ¥ ¥®• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ©≥ §•¶¨•£¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ≤©ß®¥ ØÆ£• ¥®• £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• £°ÆπØÆ ∑°¨¨≥ ©≥ ¨Ø≥¥ 0°≤¥ ض ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• 7•≥¥•≤Æ 3∞©¨¨Ø∂•≤ #®°ÆÆ•¨ °Æ§ ∞°≤¥ £ØÆ¥©Æµ•≥ °¨ØÆß ¥®• 6°≤ 3•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π 2©§ß• £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥©Æß ¥Ø ©¥≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ &¨Ø∑ ©Æ¥•Æ≥©¥π °Æ§ ©Æ•≤¥©° ≠اµ¨°¥• ¥®• #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥ •¶¶•£¥ )¶ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ §Ø•≥ ÆØ¥ ≤•°£® ¥®• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ Æ••§•§ ¥Ø Ø∂•≤≥∞©¨¨ ¥®• 7•≥¥•≤Æ 3∞©¨¨Ø∂•≤ #®°ÆÆ•¨ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ £ØÆ¥©Æµ•≥ °¨ØÆß ¥®• 6°≤ 3•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π 2©§ß• #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥ ¶Ø≤£•≥ £°Æ °¨≥Ø ®•¨∞ ¥Ø •∏∞¨°©Æ ¥®• ®©ß®•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ¥®• §©≥¥°¨ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ≤©§ß• •Æ°¢¨©Æß ° ÆØ∂•¨ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ®Ø∑ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ≠°π ∞≤Ø∞°ß°¥• ØÆ ¥®• §••∞)≥•°

=/

! ¶©≤≥¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ≠ا•¨ ¶Ø≤ £®°ÆÆ•¨/¨Ø¢• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ•≥

*•¶¶ 0•°´°¨¨ 5 2Ø¢ $Ø≤≤•¨¨  %≥¥®•≤ 3µ≠Æ•≤ . $°Æ 0°≤≥ØÆ≥ G 3¥•∂• $°≤¢π J 2µ≥≥•¨¨ 7πÆÆ =

3 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ . /£•°Æ °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ , $•∞¥ ض '•Øß≤°∞®π %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ E %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض (µ¨¨ (µ¨¨  '•Øß≤°∞®π °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 2 .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ

™ ∞•°´°¨¨$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

#®°ÆÆ•¨)¨Ø¢• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ•≥ #,4: ®°∂• ¢••Æ µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض ¥®•©≤ ∞¨°Æ¶Ø≤≠ ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ≠°≤´•§ ¢π ∞≤Ø≠©Æ•Æ¥ ≥£°¥¥•≤•§ ض¶≥•¥ ≥£Øµ≤≥ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∑°∂•≥ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠≥ ¶Ø≤ ©Æ©¥©°¥©Æß °Æ§ ≠°©Æ¥°©Æ©Æß ¥®•≥• ∫ØÆ•≥ ®°∂• ÆØ¥ ¢••Æ £¨•°≤ -ا•¨≥ ®°∂• ¥π∞©£°¨¨π ¢••Æ ≤•≥¥≤©£¥•§ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥©§•≤©Æß ° ≥©Æߨ• ¨°≤ß• ®π§≤°µ¨©£ ™µ≠∞ °¥ ¥®• ¢°≥• ض ≥¨Ø∞• (Ø∑•∂•≤ ©¥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ µÆ£¨•°≤ ®Ø∑ °Æ °≤≤°π ض ≥£Øµ≤≥ ¶Ø≤≠≥ µÆ§•≤ ≥µ£® ° ¨°≤ß• ™µ≠∞ &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ®°∂• ≥®Ø∑Æ ¥®°¥ ≥µ£® ®π§≤°µ¨©£ ™µ≠∞≥ °≤• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ≤°∞©§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ©Æ ≠°≤´•§ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ ¥Ø ¥®• •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• °≤•°≥ ¥®°¥ #,4:≥ £°Æ •∏¥•Æ§ Ø∂•≤ (•≤• ∑• §•¥°©¨ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ≠ا•¨ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨)¨Ø¢• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ•≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ° §•¥°©¨•§ ¶©•¨§ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ≥°¨©Æ• ß≤°∂©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ©Æ ¥®• ≥ص¥®∑•≥¥ "¨°£´ 3•° )Æ ¥®• "¨°£´ 3•° ∑• °Æ°¨π≥•§ ¥®• ¥®≤••)§©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• °Æ§ §πÆ°≠©£≥ ض ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ¨©Æ´•§ ®π§≤°µ¨©£ ™µ≠∞≥ ©Æ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©•§ §•Æ≥©¥π)§≤©∂•Æ ¶¨Ø∑ &©•¨§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ° Æ•∑¨π ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ¥π∞• ض ®π§≤°µ¨©£ ™µ≠∞ ¥®°¥ ©≥ ° ≥¥≤°¥©¶©•§ ¨Ø∑ &≤ص§• Ƶ≠¢•≤ ]=). ≥µ¢°±µ•Øµ≥ ®π§≤°µ¨©£ ™µ≠∞ ∑©¥® °Æ •Æ®°Æ£•§ °¢©¨©¥π ¥Ø ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ض ¥®• ™µ≠∞ ©Æ £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ ¥Ø ®π§≤°µ¨©£ ™µ≠∞≥ ©Æ Ø¥®•≤ ≥µ¢°•≤©°¨ °Æ§ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶¨Ø∑≥ 4®•≥• ÆØ∂•¨ ¶©•¨§ §°¥° µÆ§•≤∞©Æ ° Æ•∑ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥)¢°≥•§ £ØÆ£•∞¥µ°¨ ≠ا•¨ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¨Ø¢• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ•≥ ¥®°¥ •∏∞¨°©Æ≥ ¥®• ≥£°¥¥•≤•§ ض¶≥•¥ Æ°¥µ≤• ض ≥£Øµ≤≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ≥µ£® ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ¥®• ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ©Æ¶©¨¨ °Æ§ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ °§™°£•Æ¥ ≥£Øµ≤≥ ®Ø∑ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ≠°©Æ¥°©Æ•§ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• #,4: °Æ§ ∑®π ¥®• ¨Ø£µ≥ ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∑°∂•≥ ©≥ ≥Ø ¶°≤ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ض ¥®• ≥£Øµ≤ ∫ØÆ• 4®• ≠ا•¨ °¨≥Ø ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ¥®°¥ #,4: ¶¨Ø∑≥ ®°∂• &≤ص§• Ƶ≠¢•≤≥ ¢•¨Ø∑ ¥®Ø≥• ≤•±µ©≤•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ ≥µßß•≥¥©Æß ¥®°¥ ≥µ£® ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ≠°π §Ø≠©Æ°¥• ¥®• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥¨Ø∞• ¢µ¥ °≤• µÆ¨©´•¨π ¥Ø ¢• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ض #,4: µÆ¨•≥≥ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥¨Ø∞• §≤°≠°¥©£°¨¨π ©Æ£≤•°≥•≥

3•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ∂•≤≥µ≥ §•¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ °≥ ° £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¥®• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض §••∞/∑°¥•≤ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥- Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ¥Ø•/¥®≤µ≥¥ ≤•ß©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• .©ß•≤ $•¨¥° ≥¨Ø∞•

-°≤£Ø 0©∫∫©  ,©§©° ,ØÆ•≤ß°Æ -©´• -°π°¨¨ °Æ§ !¨•∏ 7®©¥¥°´•≤ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• °Æ§ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ 0≤©Æ£• #ØÆ≥Ø≤¥ 2§ +•Æ≥©ÆߥØÆ ,ØƧØÆ 37 ."0

≠ ∞©∫∫©32$©≠∞•≤©°¨ °£ µ´

)Æ ¥®• §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥¨Ø∞• °≤•°≥ ض ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ ¨Ø¢• ض ¥®• .©ß•≤ $•¨¥° ß≤°∂©¥π)§≤©∂•Æ §•¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ° ¶Ø¨§ °Æ§ ¥®≤µ≥¥ ¢•¨¥ ≥©Æ£• ≠©§§¨• -©Ø£•Æ• ¥©≠•≥ /∂•≤ ¥©≠• ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£°¨¨π §≤©∂•Æ ≥•°)¶¨ØØ≤ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §©≥∞•≤≥°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ®°∂• °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ °Æ§ £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ ¥≤°∞≥ 4®• ¥π∞©£°¨ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥• ¨°≤ß• £®°ÆÆ•¨)£Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °Æ§ ≥®••¥ ≥°Æ§≥ ¢µ¥ ¥®•©≤ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ °≥≥•≠¢¨°ß• ©≥ µ¨¥©≠°¥•¨π £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ¥®• ≤°¥• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ ∂•≤≥µ≥ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ §•¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ 3M$ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π •∏∞¨Ø≤•≥ ®Ø∑ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• £®°ÆÆ•¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ £®°Æß• ©Æ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 3M$ ≤°¥©Ø≥ ! G$ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≥µ≤∂•π £Ø∂•≤©Æß °Æ °≤•° ض D.// ´≠ . ©Æ ¥®• ص¥•≤ ¶Ø¨§ °Æ§ ¥®≤µ≥¥ ¢•¨¥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≠°∞ ¥®• ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ∞©ßßπ)¢°£´ ¢°≥©Æ ¢ØµÆ§•§ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥∑Ø ¥®≤µ≥¥≥)¶Ø¨§≥ 7©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥πÆ)ß≤Ø∑¥® ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ ض ¥®• ∞©ßßπ)¢°£´ ¢°≥©Æ ¥®≤•• ≠°©Æ µÆ©¥≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ . °Æ§ G< -° ©Æ °ß• ∑®©£® ≤•£Ø≤§ ¥®• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ °Æ§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≠°∞∞•§ )≥Ø∞°£® ≠°∞≥ ض ¥®•≥• µÆ©¥≥ ≥®Ø∑ ≥®©¶¥©Æß §•∞Ø£•Æ¥≤•≥ ∑©¥® ¥©≠• °≥ ° ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ¥®• ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ °£¥©∂©¥π ØÆ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¥®≤µ≥¥)¶°µ¨¥≥ #®°ÆÆ•¨)£Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ Ø££µ≤ °¥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¨•∂•¨≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¥®≤•• µÆ©¥≥ ≥®Ø∑©Æß ≥∞•£©¶©£ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø∂©Æß ¥®°¥ ∂°≤π©Æß ≥¥≤°©Æ ≤°¥•≥ ®°∂• ®°§ ° ≠°™Ø≤ £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¥®•©≤ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ØÆ ¥®•©≤ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• 4®• ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ©≥Ø∞°£® °Æ§ °≠∞¨©¥µ§• ≠°∞≥ ∑©¥® ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ض ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ≥¥≤°©Æ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ¥®≤µ≥¥≥ ¢ØµÆ§©Æß °Æ§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ∞©ßßπ)¢°£´ ¢°≥©Æ ®°≥ ≥®Ø∑Æ ¥®°¥ ∞•≤©Ø§≥ ض ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¨Ø∑ ≥¥≤°©Æ)≤°¥• )///M-° £Ø≤≤•¨°¥• ∑©¥® ¨°¥•≤°¨¨π ≥®©¶¥©Æß £®°ÆÆ•¨)¨•∂•• £Ø≠∞¨•∏•≥ )Æ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ §µ≤©Æß ∞•≤©Ø§≥ ض ≤•¨°¥©∂• ®©ß® ≥¥≤°©Æ) ≤°¥• ) //J=M-° £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ¥•Æ§ ¥Ø ≥¥°£´ ∂•≤¥©£°¨¨π 4®•≥• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ≥©≠∞¨• ≥µ¢§©∂©≥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ 3M$ ≤°¥©Ø Ø∂•≤ Ø≤ ¨Ø∑•≤ ¥®°Æ  ©≥ ÆØ¥ §•¥°©¨•§ •Æص߮ ¥Ø °§§≤•≥≥ ¥®• ß≤•°¥•≤ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ≥••Æ ØÆ ≥•©≥≠©£ §°¥°

=

#(!.'%L ! ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥2≥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ¢π∞°≥≥ ¥Ø §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ M %∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ N £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ ¥Ø ° ¶©•¨§ £°≥• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• +°≤ØØ. 3ص¥® !¶≤©£°

&¨Ø≤©°Æ 0Ø®¨ 5 *Ø≤©≥ %ßß•Æ®µ©≥•Æ  -°¥¥®©•µ #°≤¥©ßÆπ . *°Æ §• ,••µ∑  'µµ≥ 3π∞´•Æ≥  .°∂©§ (•≤≠©§°≥ G

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5¥≤•£®¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 5¥≤•£®¥ .•¥®•≤¨°Æ§≥ . .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 5+ , &°£µ¨¥π ض #©∂©¨ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß °Æ§ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 45 $•¨¶¥ $•¨¶¥ .•¥®•≤¨°Æ§≥

¶ ∞Ø®¨$µµ ƨ

4µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ £°Æ ¢π∞°≥≥ ¨°≤ß• ∞°≤¥≥ ض ¥®•©≤ ≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¨Ø°§ 4π∞©£°¨¨π ©¥ ©≥ ØÆ¨π °¶¥•≤ ∞°≥≥©Æß ° ¢≤•°´)ض)≥¨Ø∞• ¥®°¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ≥¥°≤¥≥ 0≤•∂©Øµ≥ ≠ا•¨≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ £Ø°≤≥•≤ ß≤°©Æ≥ °≤• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ¶©≤≥¥ °≥ ¥®•π ≥•¥¥¨• ¶°≥¥•≤ 3µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ §•∞¨•¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £Ø°≤≥•≤ ß≤°©Æ≥ °Æ§ ¨°¥•≤ °≤≤©∂°¨ ض ¶©Æ•≤ ß≤°©Æ≥ °¥ ¥®• ¢•§ ∞≤اµ£• §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ¶©Æ©Æß 4®©≥ ¥≤•Æ§ ©≥ §•≥£≤©¢•§ ¢π ≥•∂•≤°¨ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ °Æ§ ¶©•¨§ ≥¥µ§©•≥ #ØÆ¥≤°≤π ¥Ø ¥®©≥ ∑• ¶ØµÆ§ ° §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ £Ø°≤≥•Æ©Æß ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß ° ¢≤•°´)ض)≥¨Ø∞• ©Æ ¢Ø¥® •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ °Æ§ Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ 7• ≤•¨•°≥•§ 3®©•¨§≥ ≥£°¨•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø ° .$)¶¨µ≠• ∑©¥® °Æ ©Æ≥¥°¨¨•§ ¢≤•°´)ض)≥¨Ø∞• 4®• ¢≤•°´)ض)≥¨Ø∞• ¥≤©ßß•≤•§ ° §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °££Ø≠∞°Æ©•§ ¢π ° §≤Ø∞ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ °¨¥®Øµß® ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ≤•≠°©Æ≥ ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨ "•§ ≥®•°≤ ≥¥≤•≥≥ §≤Ø∞∞•§ °¶¥•≤ ¥®• ¢≤•°´)ض)≥¨Ø∞• ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ 6•≤¥©£°¨ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ∞≤ض©¨•≥ ض ¥®• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≤•∂•°¨ ° §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• °¥ ¥®• ¢°≥• ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® °Æ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ≥Ø≤¥©Æß 7• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥• ¥®°¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©≥ £°∞°£©¥π §≤©∂•Æ °Æ§ ®•Æ£• ¥®°¥ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≤•≥•≠¢¨• ¥®• ¢°≥°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ! §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ £Ø°≤≥•Æ©Æß £°Æ ¥®•Æ ¢• •∏∞¨°©Æ•§ ¢π ¥®• •Æ≤©£®≠•Æ¥ ض £Ø°≤≥•≤ ß≤°©Æ≥ °¥ ¥®• ¢°≥• ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ Ø∂•≤ ¥©≠• N °≥ £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ£• ض ¥®•©≤ ®©ß®•≤ ≥•¥¥¨©Æß ∂•¨Ø£©¥π N ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ £Ø°≤≥•Æ©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ °≤• ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ° £Ø≠∞°≤°¢¨• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥π≥¥•≠ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• +°≤ØØ ¢°≥©Æ 3ص¥® !¶≤©£° ∑®©£® £°Æ ¢• ¥≤°£•§ ©Æ ∞°¨°Ø•¶¨Ø∑ §©≤•£¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ C= ´≠ 4®• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≤°∞©§¨π ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ض ° ¢π∞°≥≥ ∫ØÆ• ¶≤Ø≠ ° ¶•∑ ≠•¥•≤ µ∞ ¥Ø J/ ≠ ∑©¥®©Æ ° §©≥¥°Æ£• ض TJ// ≠ 4®©Æ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¥°´•Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ° §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ £Ø°≤≥•Æ©Æß ¥≤•Æ§ ≥©≠©¨°≤ ¥Ø ¥®• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ (•Æ£• ¥®• Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ≠°π ≤•≥•≠¢¨• ¥®• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ØÆ•≥ 4®• £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ Ø¶ 3®©•¨§≥ ≥£°¨•§ ≥πÆ¥®•¥©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ¥Ø °Æ£©•Æ¥ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ °¨¨Ø∑≥ µ≥ ¥Ø ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ¶¨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ض ∞°≥¥ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥

3∞°¥©°¨/¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥π≥¥•≠≥. ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ©Æ °Æ •∏®µ≠•§ ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ

-©±µ•¨ 0Øπ°¥Ø≥/-Ø≤œ 5 2µ¶µ≥ , "≤µÆ¥  ,µ∫ % 'Ø≠©≥)#°≤¥•≥©Ø  (°ÆÆ°® , "≤ØØ´≥ . 2°£®•¨ (°≤§©Æß  $°∂©§ (اß≥ØÆ . °Æ§ 3¥•∞®•Æ &¨©Æ¥ 

3 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5+ . 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+

≠©±µ•¨ ∞Øπ°¥Ø≥A≠Ø≤•$≠°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

#ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ©Æß ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ©Æ G$ Ø∂•≤ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ≥£°¨•≥ ©≥ Æ••§•§ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ¥®• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥∞°¥©°¨)¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ 4®• +°≤ØØ "°≥©Æ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ≥π≥¥•≠)≥£°¨• •∏∞Ø≥µ≤•≥ ض ≥®•¨¶M≥®•¨¶)•§ß• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∞°≥≥©Æß §Ø∑Æ §©∞ ¥®≤ص߮ ≥¨Ø∞• ∂°¨¨•π≥ °Æ§ £®°ÆÆ•¨)¨•∂••≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¢°≥©Æ)¶¨ØØ≤ ¨Ø¢•≥ ض¶•≤©Æß •∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ °Æ°¨Øßµ•≥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ° ≤°Æß• ض ≥£°¨•≥ /µ¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ £Ø≤• Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ ∑©¥® ß•Ø≠•¥≤©£ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ¶≤Ø≠ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ∞°Æ•¨≥ °¨¨Ø∑ ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ©Æß Ø¶ ≥•∂•≤°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ•≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥©≠• ¶≤Ø≠ ∑®©£® §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ≥ ض §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥•ß≠•Æ¥≥ ض ¥®• +°≤ØØ ¢°≥©Æ)¶©¨¨ ∑•≤• §•§µ£•§ &°£©•≥ ∞°≤¥©¥©ØÆ©Æß °Æ§ ß≤°©Æ)≥©∫• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ≥ ∑•≤• Ø¢¥°©Æ•§ ¶Ø≤ •°£® ≥•ß≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ∑•≤• §•¶©Æ•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠°∞∞©Æß Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢Ø§©•≥ 2•≥µ¨¥≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ° ≠©∏•§ ≥°Æ§M≠µ§ ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ ∑©¥® ° ≥°Æ§)≤©£® ¢°≥©Æ ¶¨ØØ≤ ≠µ§)≤©£® ≥¨Ø∞• °Æ§ ° ≠©∏•§ °££≤•¥©ØÆ°≤π ≥®•¨¶ 2°§©Ø≠•¥≤©£ °ß•≥ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•§ ∑©¥® ≠°ßÆ•¥Ø≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®• .´≠)¥®©£´ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ° D -π ∞•≤©Ø§ )¥ ©≥ ≥µ¢§©∂©§•§ ©Æ¥Ø D £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥• ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥•¥≥0 ©Æ #33)G ¢°≥©Æ ¶¨ØØ≤ ≥°Æ§)≤©£® §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø££µ≤≤•§ ©Æ °Æ °≤•° ض ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• °≤صƧ ,°©Æß≥¢µ≤ß °Æ§ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥• ¥Ø ° ≠µ§)≤©£® ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ J/ ´≠ °¨ØÆß ≠°≤ß©Æ ©Æ 4°Æ±µ°+ #33J)= £Ø≠∞≤©≥• ≥°Æ§)≤©£® ¢°≥©Æ ¶¨ØØ≤)¥Ø)≥¨Ø∞• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ©Æ 4°Æ±µ° ∑©¥® •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥ ≠©∏•§ ≥°Æ§M≠µ§ ≥¨Ø∞• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ ,°©Æß≥¢µ≤ß+ ¥®©≥ °£≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤©´• ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ©≥ ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂•¨π ®•°¨•§ ¢π ¢°≥©Æ)≠°≤ß©Æ £¨©ÆØ¥®•≠≥ ض #33D $°¥©Æß ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥≥ °∂•≤°ß• G//+𠧵≤°¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥• ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ °Æ§ //+π ¶Ø≤ ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ °≤• ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æߨπ £Ø≠∞•Æ≥°¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§)≤©£® §Ø∑Ƨ©∞ °Æ§ ≠Ø≤• £ØƧ•Æ≥•§ ¥®°Æ ≥®•¨¶ ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ∑®©£® ≥®Ø∑ ¨°¥•≤°¨ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ¢µ¥ ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ≥°Æ§)∞ØØ≤ ≥¨Ø∞•≥ (©ß®)≥°Æ§ °ßß≤°§°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °¢≥•Æ£• ض £¨•°≤ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ¢ØµÆ§°≤©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≥®•¨¶ ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ©Æ¥≤©Æ≥©£)•∏¥≤©Æ≥©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ©Æ ° ®©ß®)¨°¥©¥µ§• ß≤••Æ®Øµ≥• ≥•¥¥©Æß -°™Ø≤ §©¶¶•≤•Æ£•≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß §••∞)∑°¥•≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °≤• °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø ° §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¢°≥©Æ)≠°≤ß©Æ ∞®π≥©Øß≤°∞®π °¥ ¥®°¥ ¥©≠• 4®• ≥®•¨¶ ≥¥≤°¥° °≤• ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ° ∞ØØ≤ °Æ°¨Øßµ• ¥Ø ¥®• ≥®°¨¨Ø∑)≠°≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥®°¥ ¶•§ ¥®• +°≤ØØ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ °Æ§ £°µ¥©ØÆ≥ °ß°©Æ≥¥ °∞∞¨π©Æß ≥©≠∞¨• ≠ا•¨≥ ¶Ø≤ ∞≤Øß≤°§°¥©ØÆ°¨ ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥

=.

%°≤¨π ∞Ø≥¥/≤©¶¥ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ £®°Æß•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ° £Ø°≤≥•/ß≤°©Æ•§ §••∞/∑°¥•≤ ≥π≥¥•≠ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ °¢Ø∂• ° -°≥≥ 4≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ #Ø≠∞¨•∏ G-4#H

!µ≤œ¨©° 0≤©∂°¥ 5 $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ  #®≤©≥¥Ø∞®•≤ !), *°£´≥ØÆ . %≤Æ•≥¥Ø 3£®∑°≤∫ G *•¶¶≤•π 0•°´°¨¨ 

3 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3.+*4 5+ . "°≥©Æ≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ ="2'> $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• E %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• 0≤©Æ£• #ØÆ≥Ø≤¥ 2Ø°§ ,ØƧØÆ 37 ."0 5+ , #•Æ¥≤Ø §• )Æ∂•≥¥©ß°£©ØÆ•≥ '•Ø¨ıß©£°≥ =#)'> ,° 0¨°¥° 0≤Ø∂©Æ£©° §• "µ•ÆØ≥ !©≤•≥ !≤ß•Æ¥©Æ°

••∞°µ$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

,Ø£°¨ ß≤°§©•Æ¥ £®°Æß•≥ °Æ§ ∂°≤©°¢¨• °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫• ¥®• µ∞∞•≤ ≥µ≤¶°£• ض ≠°≥≥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ £Ø≠∞¨•∏•≥ -4#≥ "°¥®π≠•¥≤©£ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π £°Æ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ¥®• ¨ØÆß©¥µ§©Æ°¨ °Æ§ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ Ø££µ≤≤©Æß ∑©¥®©Æ £Ø°≤≥•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ∑®©£® °≤• £®°¨¨•Æß©Æß ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ °¨ØÆ• ! D/ ≠ ¥®©£´ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∂•≤π £Ø°≤≥•)ß≤°©Æ•§ °Æ§ ∞ØØ≤¨π)≥Ø≤¥•§ ≠°¥≤©∏)≤©£® ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ °¢Ø∂• ° ≥•©≥≠©£)≥£°¨• ≠°≥≥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ -4# ©≥ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• *µ≤°≥≥©£ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π ض ¥®• ,Ø≥ -ب¨•≥ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ .•µ±µœÆ "°≥©Æ 4®• ¶°£©•≥ ¥π∞•≥ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ £®°Æß•≥ §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ £Ø°≤≥•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ °Æ§ µÆ•∂•Æ ≥•°¢•§ ©Æ®•≤©¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ¥Ø∞ ض ° -4# 4®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ∑°≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• #®°£°π -•¨•®µ• ®•≠©)ß≤°¢•Æ ص¥£≤Ø∞≥ °¨ØÆß ° D= ´≠ ¨ØÆß Ø¢¨©±µ• §Ø∑Ƨ©∞ ¨ØÆß©¥µ§©Æ°¨ ∞≤ض©¨• ∑®©£® ∞•≤≠©¥¥•§ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ¢•§≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ D ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ 0.= ≥£°¨• 4∑Ø µÆ©¥≥ °≤• §•¶©Æ•§0 5Æ©¥  £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ ®•¥•≤ب©¥®©£ ¶°£©•≥ ß≤°§©Æß µ∞∑°≤§≥ ©Æ¥Ø ∞ØØ≤¨π ≥Ø≤¥•§ ∂•≤π £Ø°≤≥•) ¥Ø ¶©Æ•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ¥®©Æ) ¥Ø ≠•§©µ≠)¢•§§•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥® °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ ∞•¢¢¨•)≥©∫•§ £¨°≥¥≥+ 5Æ©¥ . £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ ¥®≤•• ¥®©£´ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥©£ •∂•Æ¥ ¢•§≥ ض ∂•≤π ∞ØØ≤¨π)≥Ø≤¥•§ ß≤°Æµ¨°≤ ¥Ø ≠•§©µ≠)ß≤°©Æ•§ ≠µ§)≤©£® ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ≠°¥≤©∏ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥©Æß ∞بπß•Æ©£ ß≤°∂•¨≥ ≤°Æß©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ∞•¢¢¨• ¥Ø ¢Øµ¨§•≤ °Æ§ ¨°≤ß• £¨°≥¥≥ 4®• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•)≤©£® §©∂©≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ≥¥µ§©•§ ©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ° ¨Ø¢• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ •≠∞¨°£•§ ¢π °Æ ص¥)ض)•±µ©¨©¢≤©µ≠ ≥°Æ§) ≤©£® ≥π≥¥•≠ ∑®©£® ≤•£Ø≤§•§ ° ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂• §•£≤•°≥• ض £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ 5Æ©¥  ¥Ø 5Æ©¥ . 4®• -4$)≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¥≤°∞∞©Æß Ø¶ £ØÆ≥©§•≤°¢¨• ≥°Æ§ ∂بµ≠•≥ ©Æ 5Æ©¥  /Æ£• ¥®• -4#)≤•¨°¥•§ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ¶©¨¨•§ ≤•¨©•¶ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ≥µ∞≤°)-4# ≥°Æ§¢Ø§©•≥ ∞≤اµ£•§ ≥µ¢¥¨• £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©Æ ¥®• 5Æ©¥ . 0≤•§©£¥©∂• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ص¥£≤Ø∞)¢°≥•§ ≠ا•¨≥ £°Æ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø ≥∞°¥©°¨ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ®•¥•≤Øߕƕص≥ ≥°Æ§¢Ø§©•≥ °¢¨• ¥Ø ß•Æ•≤°¥• ≠µ¨¥©≥£°¨• Æ•¥Mß≤Ø≥≥ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ ≠°´•)µ∞ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ £Ø≠∞¨•∏©¥π ض ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ®Ø≥¥•§ ©Æ ¨Ø¢•≥ °¢Ø∂• -4#≥

3•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π 3¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ $••∞∑°¥•≤ 0°¨•Øß•Æ• 7©¨£Ø∏ #Ø≤• $°¥°. 'µ¨¶ ض -•∏©£Ø. 53!> 3Ø≠• .•∑ )Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø $•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 3°Æ§≥ ¶≤Ø≠ (©ß® -°ßÆ©¥µ§• 4µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ &¨Ø∑≥

!Ƨπ 0µ¨®°≠ 5. .°¥®°Æ "¨π¥®• . !≤¥ 4≤•∂•Æ°  2π°Æ -µ≤∞®π . 4≤µ©¥¥ 3≠©¥® .

3 #Ø¢°¨¥ )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ %Æ•≤ßπ #ØÆ≥µ¨¥°Æ¥≥ °Æ§π ∞µ¨®°≠$£Ø¢°¨¥©Æ¥¨ £Ø≠ . #Ø¢°¨¥ )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ %Æ•≤ßπ +.D -•≠Ø≤©°¨ #©¥π 7°π 3µ©¥• 3DD (ص≥¥ØÆ 4•∏°≥ D. 53! , 4Ø¥°¨ %E0 53!

∞µ¨®°≠ °Æ§π$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

2•£•Æ¥ °£±µ©≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞•¥≤Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ °Æ§ ≤Ø£´ §°¥° ©Æ ¥®• §••∞∑°¥•≤ 0°¨•Øß•Æ• 7©¨£Ø∏ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ض¶≥®Ø≤• 'µ¨¶ ض -•∏©£Ø 53! ®°≥ §•¨©∂•≤•§ ≠°Æπ //≥ ≠•¥•≤≥ ض £ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ £Ø≤• ¥®°¥ ≤•£Ø≤§ ° ¢≤Ø°§ ∂°≤©•¥π ض ≠°≥≥ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• °Æ§ ®π¢≤©§ •∂•Æ¥ ¢•§≥ ! ∑©§• ≥∞•£¥≤µ≠ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °≤• •∏±µ©≥©¥•¨π •∏∞≤•≥≥•§ ©Æ #Ø≠∞µ¥•§ 4Ø≠Øß≤°∞®π #4 §°¥° ∂بµ≠•≥ °Æ§ •∏¥≤°£¥•§ ©≠°ß•≥ 4®•≥• ®©ß® ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ∂Ø∏•¨ ≥©∫• ¨•≥≥ ¥®°Æ ∂•≤π ¶©Æ• ≥°Æ§ ∂بµ≠•≥ £°Æ ¢• Ø≤©•Æ¥°¥•§ ∂©° ∑•¨¨ §°¥° °Æ§ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ° ≠•°Æ≥ ¥Ø £°¥°¨Øß ¥®• ≥∞•£¥≤µ≠ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ¥π∞•≥ ¥®•©≤ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ≠Ø¥©¶≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ∞°¨•Ø£µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¥≤•Æ§≥ 7©¨£Ø∏ §••∞∑°¥•≤ ≥°Æ§≥ °≤• ∂•≤π ¶©Æ• ¥Ø ¶©Æ• ß≤°©Æ•§ °∂•≤°ß©Æß £Ø≠≠Øƨπ ∂•≤π ¶©Æ• µ∞∞•≤ ).= ≠©£≤ØÆ≥ 3°Æ§ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©≥ ¨©¥®©£ °≤´Ø≥•)¶•¨§≥∞°¥®©£ ¥Ø ¨©¥®°≤•Æ©¥• 3•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥ص≤£• ©≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® !≠•≤©£°Æ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥ ∑©¥® ° ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¶Ø≤ !∞∞°¨°£®©°Æ ¥Ø ,°≤°≠©§• 2Ø£´©•≥ §≤°©Æ°ß• ¥®°¥ ¶•§ §•¨¥°©£ ≥®•¨¶ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ ©Æ 3% 4•∏°≥ °Æ§ #•Æ¥≤°¨ ,ص©≥©°Æ° $••∞∑°¥•≤ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ §©≥¥°Æ£•≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• £Ø≤• §°¥° ©≥ D//)

=G

$•¥°©¨•§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¶¨µ∂©Ø/§•¨¥°©£ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥- ° ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• °Æ§ ∂©≤¥µ°¨ ص¥£≤Ø∞ G6/H ≥¥µ§π ض ¥®• 3£°¨¢π &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. .% %Æߨ°Æ§

-* -Ø≥¥°¶©∫µ≤ 2°®≠°Æ 5. ?  $°∂©§ ) - -°£§ØÆ°¨§  °Æ§ *Ø®Æ ! (Ø∑•¨¨ 

3 3£®Øب ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ !". ,5% 5+ . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض $®°´° #µ≤∫ØÆ (°¨¨ $®°´° 3DDD "°Æߨ°§•≥®

≠≤°®≠°Æ$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

&¨µ∂©Ø)§•¨¥°©£ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °≤• ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ∞•¥≤ب•µ≠ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ °≤صƧ ¥®• ∑Ø≤¨§ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ¥®•≥• ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ °≤• ∂بµ≠•¥≤©£°¨¨π ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¢µ¥ ∂•≤π ®•¥•≤Øߕƕص≥ °≥ ∞•¥≤ب•µ≠ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ &¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ §•¨¥° ¥Ø∞ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥• £®°ÆÆ•¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °Æ§ Ø∂•≤¢°Æ´ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∑®©£® ©Æ£¨µ§• ¨•∂••≥ £≤•∂°≥≥• ≥∞¨°π≥ ≥∞¨°π £Ø≠∞¨•∏•≥ °Æ§ ≠©≤•≥ #®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °≤• ¥®• ≠°©Æ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ °Æ§ °≥ ≥µ£® ®°∂• ≤•£•©∂•§ £ØÆ≥©§•≤°¢¨• °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ¨©¥•≤°¥µ≤• #≤•∂°≥≥• ≥∞¨°π ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ≠°π ∞≤Ø∂©§• °§§©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ °Æ§ °§§©¥©ØÆ°¨ £Ø≠≠µÆ©£°¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¢Ø§©•≥ 4®•≤• ©≥ ° ¨°£´ ض µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ £≤•∂°≥≥• ≥∞¨°π ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ ≥©∫• ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °Æ§ ≤ب• ∑©¥®©Æ ∞•¥≤ب•µ≠ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π µ≥•§ ¥®• 3£°¨¢π &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ 2°∂•Æ≥£°≤ '≤ص∞ -©§§¨• *µ≤°≥≥©£ ©≥ •∏∞Ø≥•§ °¨ØÆß ¥®• 9Ø≤´≥®©≤• £Ø°≥¥ 4®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ µ≥•§ °≥ °Æ °Æ°¨Øßµ• ¥Ø ¥®• .•≥≥ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• "≤•Æ¥ '≤ص∞ 4®• "°¥®ØÆ©°Æ 3£°¨¢π &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ µÆ£ØƶØ≤≠°¢¨π Ø∂•≤¨©•≥ ¥®• ≠°≤©Æ• 3£°≤¢Ø≤ص߮ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ )¥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ -ØØ≤ '≤©¥ -•≠¢•≤ °Æ§ ¥®• µ∞∞•≤ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ)∞°≤°¨©£ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ,ØÆß .°¢ -•≠¢•≤ 4®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ∑°≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ µÆ§•≤ ®µ≠©§ ≥µ¢¥≤Ø∞©£°¨ £¨©≠°¥©£ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ ©Æ ° ¶¨µ∂©Ø)§•¨¥°©£ °Æ§ ∞°≤°¨©£ ≥•¥¥©Æß 4®• ≤•≥•°≤£® £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ §°¥° ¢π ¥≤°§©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¶©•¨§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ≥µ∞∞¨•≠•Æ¥•§ ∑©¥® ° ∂©≤¥µ°¨ ص¥£≤Ø∞ £≤•°¥•§ ¢π 5!6 ∞®Ø¥Øß≤°≠≠•¥≤π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ,ØÆß .°¢ °≤•° 4∑•Æ¥π)≥•∂•Æ £Ø≤• ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨•≥ §≤©¨¨•§ ¢π )&0 ©Æ ¥®• ¨°¥• /I≥ ™µ≥¥ ¢•®©Æ§ ¥®• ص¥£≤Ø∞ ∑•≤• °¨≥Ø ¨Øßß•§ &ص≤ ≠°™Ø≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§0 ≥°Æ§)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶©¨¨+ ¥©§°¨¨π ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ®•¥•≤ب©¥®©£ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶©¨¨+ £≤•∂°≥≥• ≥∞¨°π ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥+ °Æ§ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• ¢Ø¥® ≥µ¢°•≤©°¨ °Æ§ ≥µ¢°±µ•Øµ≥ 4®• £¨Ø≥• ∑•¨¨ ≥∞°£©Æß °Æ§ ∂©≤¥µ°¨ ص¥£≤Ø∞≥ ∞•≤≠©¥≥ ¥®•©≤ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ¥Ø ¢• §•¥•≤≠©Æ•§ ©Æ §•¥°©¨ !¨¨ ≤•≠Ø¥•¨π °Æ§ §©≤•£¥¨π ≥°≠∞¨•§ §°¥° °¨ØÆß ∑©¥® ¢•®©Æ§ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨• §°¥° ∑©¨¨ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≥©≠µ¨°¥• ° ®©ß® ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ G$ ß•Ø£•¨¨µ¨°≤ ≠ا•¨ ض °  ´≠ . °≤•° 4®©≥ ≠ا•¨ ∑©¨¨ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ° µÆ©±µ• ¥®≤••)§©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ©Æ≥©ß®¥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ £ØÆÆ•£¥©∂©¥π ض £≤•∂°≥≥• ≥∞¨°π≥ °Æ§ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶°£©•≥

2•§µ£©Æß µÆ£•≤¥°©Æ¥π ©Æ ≥•©≥≠©£ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø©Æ¥/¢°≤ ¶Ø≤≠ °Æ§ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π #°¥®•≤©Æ• %* 2µ≥≥•¨¨  .©ß•¨ 0 -صƥƕπ $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ ,µ£° #بØ≠¢•≤° 2Ø¢•≤¥ 4®Ø≠°≥ &¨µ∂©°¨ E %ب©°Æ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 5+

£°¥®•≤©Æ••¨¨•Æ≤µ≥≥•¨¨$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

-•°Æ§•≤©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≤•°£®•≥ •∏®©¢©¥ ®©ß®¨π ∂°≤©°¢¨• ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ¶Ø≤≠ π•¥ ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ض °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≠•°Æ§•≤)¢•¨¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ §Ø ÆØ¥ ≤•¶¨•£¥ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ £Ø≠∞¨•∏©¥π ´ÆØ∑Æ ¥Ø ¢• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ≥µ£® ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π !Æ ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• £°µ≥•≥ ض ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ £Ø≠∞¨•∏©¥π ©≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¥Ø •Æ°¢¨• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤𠨩¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ¶≤Ø≠ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ¨Ø∑)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≥•©≥≠©£ §°¥°≥•¥≥ 1µ°Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £¨°≥≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞¨°Æ)¶Ø≤≠ ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£ §•¥°©¨≥ ض °£¥©∂• °Æ§ ≤•£•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ≥≠°¨¨)≥£°¨• ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ص¥£≤Ø∞∞©Æß ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ®°≥ •Æ°¢¨•§ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ¥Øب≥ ∑©¥® ∑®©£® ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ ¥®• G$ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ !£¥©∂• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑•≤• ≥¥µ§©•§ ¥Ø ±µ°Æ¥©¶π ≥∞°¥©Ø)¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥£≤ب¨)¢°≤ ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ °Æ§ ≠•°Æ§•≤ ≥®°∞• 4®• ≤©∂•≤≥ ≥•¨•£¥•§ ∑•≤• £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ ¢π ° ≤°Æß• ض ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß £¨©≠°¥©£ ≤•ß©≠• ß≤°§©•Æ¥ °Æ§ §©≥£®°≤ß• 1µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ Ø¶ ≠•°Æ§•≤≥ ∑©¥® ≠°≤´•§¨π §©¶¶•≤©Æß ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©•≥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ •Æ°¢¨•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ° ÆØ∂•¨ ≠•¥®Ø§ -•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ض G= ≠Ø≤∞®Ø≠•¥≤©£ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ض =./ °£¥©∂• ≠•°Æ§•≤ ¢•Æ§≥ ¶≤Ø≠ G §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≤©∂•≤≥ ∑•≤• °£±µ©≤•§ µ≥©Æß 'ØØߨ• %°≤¥® 0≤Ø 4∑•Æ¥π)ØÆ• ≥£≤ب¨)¢°≤ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ ∑•≤• °≥≥•≥≥•§ °££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ° £¨°≥≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ≥£®•≠• ©Æ§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ ض ≠•°Æ§•≤ ≥®°∞• 4®• ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß ¶©Æ§©Æß≥ °≤©≥•0 © ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ¨©´•¨π ≥£≤ب¨)¢°≤ £Øƶ©ßµ≤°¥©ØÆ ≤•¨°¥•≥ ¥Ø •∏∞°Æ≥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≤Ø¥°¥©ØÆ ∑®©£® °££ØµÆ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ P ض ≠•°Æ§•≤≥+ ©© ≠•°Æ§•≤ ¶Ø≤≠≥ £°Æ ¢• £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ ©Æ¥Ø ¶Øµ≤ ß≤ص∞≥ ¥®°¥ £Ø¨¨•£¥©∂•¨π £Ø≠∞≤©≥• .= ≥∞•£©¶©£ ≥®°∞•≥+ ©©© ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑©¥® §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ß≤°§©•Æ¥≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £°¨©¢≤• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥©∫•≥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥• ≤•ß©≠• •∏®©¢©¥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ π•¥ ∞≤•§©£¥°¢¨• £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ©Æ ≠•°Æ§•≤ °Æ§ ≥£≤ب¨)¢°≤ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥+ ©∂ ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ¨©´•¨π ∞°¥®≥ ض ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ ©Æ ≥£≤ب¨)¢°≤ ¥π∞•≥ ©Æ ° ¢•Æ§ ¢•£Ø≠©Æß ≠°¥µ≤• °Æ§ °∞∞≤Ø°£®©Æß £µ¥)ض¶ °≤• ±µ°Æ¥©¶©°¢¨• ¥®•≤•¢π ©≠∞≤Ø∂©Æß µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ° ¶≤°ß≠•Æ¥•§ ߕبØß©£ ≤•£Ø≤§ 4®©≥ ≠•¥®Ø§ £°Æ ¢• °∞∞¨©•§ ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ ®©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ¨©¥®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ¶≤Ø≠ ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ¨Ø∑)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≥¨©£•≥ ¥®•≤•¢π ®•¨∞©Æß ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≠ا•¨≥ °Æ§ ∞≤•§©£¥ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ∞≤©Ø≤ ¥Ø §≤©¨¨©Æß

=J

'≤°∂©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥- •Æ¥≤°©Æ≠•Æ¥. ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≥•¨¶/≥©≠©¨°≤©¥π $©°Æ° 3®•≤ °Æ§ !Ƨ≤•∑ 7 7Øا≥ "0 )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß•

§≥*3@$£°≠ °£ µ´

7• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض Æ•∑ ¨°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ≠•°≥µ≤• ¥®• ≠©∏©Æß ©Æ ¶©Æ©¥• ∂بµ≠• ≤•¨•°≥• £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ∞≤Ø∞°ß°¥©Æß °¨ØÆß ° ¥∑Ø) §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ®Ø≤©∫ØÆ¥°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ! ¨©ß®¥ °¥¥•Æµ°¥©ØÆ ¥•£®Æ©±µ• ∑°≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≠•°≥µ≤• ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• §•Æ≥©¥π ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ °Æ§ §π• ≥¥µ§©•≥ ∑•≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑ ¥®• ≠Ø¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ °Æ§ ¥®• °≠¢©•Æ¥ ¶¨µ©§ 4∑Ø ≤•ß©≠•≥ ¶ØµÆ§ ¥Ø ¢• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °¶¥•≤ ¥®• ≥¨µ≠∞©Æß ∞®°≥• )Æ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ≤•ß©≠• ¥®• ≠°©Æ ∞°≤¥ ض ®•°§ ض ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≤•¥°©Æ≥ ©¥≥ Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ §•Æ≥©¥π °Æ§ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ¥≤°∂•¨≥ ∑©¥® ° £ØÆ≥¥°Æ¥ ≥∞••§ )Æ ¥®•  ≥•£ØƧ ≤•ß©≠• ¥®• ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ®•°§ ©Æ£≤•°≥•≥ ∑©¥® ¥©≠• °≥     ∑®©¨• ¥®• §•∞¥®)°∂•≤°ß•§ ≤•§µ£•§ ß≤°∂©¥π ©Æ ¥®• ®•°§   §•£≤•°≥•≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ≠©∏©Æß ∑©¥® ¥®• °≠¢©•Æ¥ ¶¨µ©§ °££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ       4®• ¶¨µ©§ ∑©¥® ¥®• Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ §•Æ≥©¥π ≤•°£®•≥ ¥®• ¶≤ØÆ¥ ض ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ °¥ ° ≥∞••§ ∑®©£® ©≥ °∞∞≤Ø∏©≠°¥•¨π  ¥©≠•≥ ¥®°¥ ض ¥®• ¶≤ØÆ¥ ! ≥¥≤ØÆß £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ §•∂•¨Ø∞≥ ©Æ ¥®• ®•°§ ض ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥+ °≥ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¶¨µ©§ ≤•°£®•≥ ¥®• ¶≤ØÆ¥ ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ©¥ ≤©≥•≥ °Æ§ ≠©∏•≥ ∑©¥® °≠¢©•Æ¥ ¶¨µ©§ ∑®©£® ©≥ §©≥∞¨°£•§ µ∞∑°≤§≥ Ø∂•≤ ¥®• °§∂°Æ£©Æß ®•°§ 4®• £ØÆ¥©Æµ©Æß ¶¨Ø∑ ß≤°§µ°¨¨π °§™µ≥¥≥ ¥Ø ° ≥•¨¶)≥©≠©¨°≤ ∞≤ض©¨• ©Æ ∑®©£® ° ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ≤°Æß• /DGW/< ض ¥®• ¶¨µ©§ §©≥∞¨°£•§ ¢π ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≠©∏•≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ 4®©≥ ≠©∏©Æß ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ®°≥ Ƶ≠•≤ص≥ ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ §•Æ≥©¥π)§≤©∂•Æ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ©Æ Æ°¥µ≤• °Æ§ ¥®• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∞°ß°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∂ب£°Æ©£ °≥® ¶¨Ø∑≥ °Æ§ ∞°≤¥©£¨• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤ °≥≥•≥≥©Æß ¥®• ®°∫°≤§≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• ≤•¨•°≥• ض §•Æ≥• ∂ب°¥©¨• ∞®°≥•≥ ©Æ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨ °££©§•Æ¥≥ Ø≤ Æ°¥µ≤°¨ •∂•Æ¥≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥®• -D #/. ≤•¨•°≥• ¶≤Ø≠ ,°´• .πØ≥ ©Æ #°≠•≤ØØÆ

#ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞Ø©Æ¥/¢°≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ° £Ø°≥¥°¨ ∞¨°©Æ ≥•¥¥©Æß

-©£®•¨¨• .* 3®©•≤≥ 5 .©ß•¨ 0 -صƥƕπ  $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ . °Æ§ ,µ£° #بØ≠¢•≤° 

3 &¨µ∂©°¨ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 7Øا®Øµ≥• ,°Æ• ,3. +*4 . 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 7Øا®Øµ≥• ,°Æ• ,3. +*4

••D@≠≥$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

4®• ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ •∏¥•≤Æ°¨ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π ض ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥©≠• 4®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ °©≠≥ ¥Ø ≤•¶©Æ• ¥≤°§©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¶°£©•≥ ≠ا•¨≥ ض ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ §©≥£µ≥≥•≥ ®Ø∑ °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ °Æ§ °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ßØ∂•≤Æ ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ≥Ø≠• ©Æ≥¥°Æ£•≥ ض ∑®©£® §Ø ÆØ¥ £ØƶØ≤≠ ¥Ø •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ≠ا•¨≥ 7©¥®©Æ ¥®• #°≠∞°Æ©°Æ .•≥¨•Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ -•≥°∂•≤§• '≤ص∞ 5¥°® J. ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ¨Ø£°¥•§ ∑©¥®©Æ °Æ •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ®°∂• ¢••Æ °Æ°¨π≥•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ µ≥• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¨Øß≥ ÆaD< ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ∞°Æ•¨≥ °Æ§ ∞°¨°•Ø£µ≤≤•Æ¥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ Æa/. 2•≥µ¨¥≥ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• ¥®°¥ ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °≥∞•£¥ ≤°¥©Ø °Æ§ °≠°¨ß°≠°¥©ØÆ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£°¨¨π µ∞∑°≤§≥ &ص≤ §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥ O¥π∞•≥I °≤• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ °≥≥•≠¢¨°ß• °Æ§ •∏¥•≤Æ°¨ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π 4∑Ø Ø¶ ¥®•≥• ¥π∞•≥ £ØƶØ≤≠ ¥Ø ¥≤°§©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¶°£©•≥ ≠ا•¨≥+ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥∑Ø ¥π∞•≥ •∏®©¢©¥ µÆµ≥µ°¨¨π ¨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ≥ ض £≤Ø≥≥)¢•§§•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ®©ß®•≤ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ≥ ض ≠°≥≥©∂• ®Ø≤©∫ØÆ¥°¨¨π ¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ °Æ§ ≤©∞∞¨• £≤Ø≥≥)¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• 4®• Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• ض ¥®•≥• °¥π∞©£°¨ ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ °≥≥•≠¢¨°ß•≥ ©≥ ≤•≥¥≤©£¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤ °Æ§ ≠©§§¨• ∞°≤¥≥ ض ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ! ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ°¨ §°¥°¢°≥• ∑®©£® ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ §°¥° ØÆ ¥®• ß•Ø≠•¥≤π ض ≠°Æπ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ≥ ©≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø £Ø≠∞°≤• ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥•≠¢¨°ß•≥ °Æ§ °≥∞•£¥ ≤°¥©Ø≥ ض ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• .•≥¨•Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø Ø¥®•≤ £Ø≠∞°≤°¢¨• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ 4®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥® ¨Ø∑•≤ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ≥ ض £≤Ø≥≥)¢•§§•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤ .•≥¨•Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø ¨Ø∑ ≥¥≤•°≠ ∞Ø∑•≤ °Æ§ ®•Æ£• ¨Ø∑•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ 4®• µ∞∑°≤§≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ °≥∞•£¥ ≤°¥©Ø °Æ§ °≠°¨ß°≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• .•≥¨•Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ≤•¶¨•£¥≥ ° ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ §•£≤•°≥• ©Æ ¥®• ≤°¥• ض °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§MØ≤ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π 4®©≥ £®°Æß• ©Æ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ≤•¶¨•£¥•§ ¢π ¥®• §•£≤•°≥•§ Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• °Æ§ ∞ØØ≤•≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ض £Ø°¨ µ∞∑°≤§≥ 4®• ®©ß® ¨•∂•¨ ض §•¥°©¨ •Æ£°∞≥µ¨°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ ≠ا•¨≥ °¨¨Ø∑≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≤•£ØßÆ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ®©¥®•≤¥Ø µÆ§•≥£≤©¢•§ ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ °≥≥•≠¢¨°ß•≥

==

3®°∞•≥ ØÆ ° ∞¨°Æ•- •∏£•∞¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥•≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ∞°¨°•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ض ÆØÆ/§•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ

!Æ¥®ØÆπ 0* 3®©¨¨©¥Ø  .•©¨ 3 $°∂©•≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• $Ø∑Æ©Æß 3¥≤••¥ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%1

°≥.3+2$£°≠ °£ µ´

)¥ ©≥ °≤ßµ°¢¨π µÆ§•≤)°∞∞≤•£©°¥•§ ¥®°¥ ¢•§§©Æß ∞¨°Æ• ≥µ≤¶°£• ¥•∏¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ≠©£≤Ø¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®©•≥ ≤•∂•°¨ ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨¨π §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ¥®°Æ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ ®π§≤اπÆ°≠©£ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ Ø≤ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ 4®©≥ ©≥ ¢•£°µ≥• ¥®•π ≠°π ∞≤•≥•≤∂• ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ©≠∞°≤¥•§ ØÆ¥Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥•≥ §µ≤©Æß ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥°≥©≥ °Æ§ °≥ ≥µ£® ¥®•π £°Æ ≤•∂•°¨ °Æ °≤≤°π ض ∞°¨°•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• µÆ≤•£Ø≤§•§ §µ≤©Æß ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ض °£¥©∂• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ 5≥©Æß ° Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض 0°¨°•Ø∫Ø©£ £°≥• ≥¥µ§©•≥ ¥®©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ©¨¨µ≥¥≤°¥•≥ ∑®°¥ ¥®• °¢µÆ§°Æ£• °Æ§ §©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ≥••Æ ØÆ ¢•§§©Æß ∞¨°Æ•≥ ≤•∂•°¨ °¢Øµ¥ ∞°¨°•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ §©≥£µ≥≥•≥ ®Ø∑ ∑•¨¨)∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥•≥ ≠°π •Æ¥•≤ ¥®• ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ -µ¨¥©∞¨• •∏°≠∞¨•≥ °≤• §≤°∑Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 3©¨µ≤©°Æ 4µ≠¢¨°ßØا° 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ° . ´≠ ¥®©£´ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ ¥©§°¨ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ¶°£©•≥ £≤Ø∞∞©Æß Øµ¥ Æ•°≤ +°¨¢°≤≤© 7•≥¥•≤Æ !µ≥¥≤°¨©° 4®©≥ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ≤•ÆØ∑Æ•§ ¶Ø≤ ©¥≥ ∑©§• °≤≤°π ض ≥µ≤¶©£©°¨ ¥≤°£• ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ •ß $©∞¨©£®Æ©¥•≥  0≤Ø¥©£®Æ©¥•≥  3©≥´•≠©°  ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¨•≥≥ °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ∞°©§ ¥Ø ¥®• ©≠≠°£µ¨°¥•¨π ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ °¢©Ø¥©£ ≥µ≤¶°£• ¥•∏¥µ≤•≥ ¥®°¥ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ £Ø)Ø££µ≤ ©Æ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤¨π ∑©¥®©Æ ¥©§°¨ ¶°£©•≥ 3µ£® ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• ≥•¥µ¨¶≥ °§®•≥©ØÆ ∑°≤¥≥ °Æ§ ¨°§§•≤ ≤©∞∞¨•≥ °¨ØÆß ∑©¥® ≠©£≤Ø¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®©£ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¢°≤ ¥Ø∞≥ °Æ§ ∞ØƧ≥ 4®• ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °∞∞°≤•Æ¥¨π §•¨©£°¥• ≥µ≤¶°£• ¥•∏¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ≠©£≤Ø¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®©•≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ¢•§§©Æß ∞¨°Æ•≥ ©Æ ¥®• 4µ≠¢¨°ßØا° 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ≤•£Ø≤§ ¨°≤ß•¨π µÆ°¨¥•≤•§ ∞≤©≠°≤π ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥•≥+ ∞≤Ø∂©§©Æß ° µÆ©±µ• ∑©Æ§Ø∑ ØÆ¥Ø ∞°¨°•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ °Æ§ ∞°¨°•Ø•£Ø¨Øß©£°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ §µ≤©Æß ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥°≥©≥ 4®• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ §©∂•≤≥©¥π ض °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤•≥ ©≥ •∏∞¨°©Æ•§ ∑©¥® ≤•¶•≤•Æ£• ¥Ø ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ≠ا•≤Æ ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ §µ≤©Æß ≥®Ø≤¥ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥°≥©≥

!¢≤°≥©ØÆ ≥•¥ ¨©≠©¥≥ ØÆ ß≤°∂•¨ ¶¨µ∏ ¥Ø ¥®• '°Æß° ¶Ø≤•¨°Æ§ ¢°≥©Æ (µß® 3©Æ£¨°©≤  ,©∫∫©• $©Æߨ• °Æ§ -©´°•¨ !¥¥°¨ 3£®Øب ض '•Ø3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض %§©Æ¢µ≤ß®

®µß® ≥©Æ£¨°©≤$•§ °£ µ´

4®• '°Æß° ¶Ø≤•¨°Æ§ ¢°≥©Æ ¥≤°∞≥ °∞∞≤Ø∏©≠°¥•¨π /P ض ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏ §•¨©∂•≤•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• (©≠°¨°π°Æ ≠صƥ°©Æ ≤°Æß• ! ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®°¥ ©≥ §•¨©∂•≤•§ °≥ ß≤°∂•¨ °¨¨ ß≤°©Æ≥ C .≠≠ ¢µ¥ ¥®• ¢µ¨´ ©≥ ≥°Æ§ °Æ§ ≥©¨¥ ©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨ °Æ§ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ 4®• ß≤°∂•¨ ¥Ø ≥°Æ§ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ≤©∂•≤≥ ض ¥®• '°Æß•¥©£ 0¨°©Æ≥ ©≥ °¢≤µ∞¥ °Æ§ ©≥ ¨Ø£°¥•§ ¢•¥∑••Æ / °Æ§ J/ ´≠ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≠صƥ°©Æ ¶≤ØÆ¥ !Æ ©Æ¥≤©ßµ©Æß Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ß≤°∂•¨M≥°Æ§ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¥Ø ¥®• ≠صƥ°©Æ ¶≤ØÆ¥ ©≥ ¥®• ≥°≠• ¶Ø≤ ≥≠°¨¨ ¶ØØ¥®©¨¨≥)¶•§ ≤©∂•≤ £°¥£®≠•Æ¥≥ ]G=/ ´≠ . °≥ ¶Ø≤ ¨°≤ß• £°¥£®≠•Æ¥≥ CG//// ´≠ . ¶•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ®©ß® (©≠°¨°π° ! ∂بµ≠•¥≤©£ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• ß≤°∂•¨≥ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¥Ø ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ 𩕨§ ¶≤Ø≠ µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ £°¥£®≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≥≠°¨¨•≤ £°¥£®≠•Æ¥≥ ß•Æ•≤°¥• ®©ß®•≤ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ≥ ض ß≤°∂•¨≥ C/P ¢π ∂بµ≠• ¥®°Æ ¥®• ¨°≤ß•≤ £°¥£®≠•Æ¥≥ )/P !Æ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ض ¥®• ∞•¢¢¨•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ß≤°∂•¨≥ ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¢µ¨´ ض ¥®• ∞•¢¢¨•≥ ∑•≤• §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ,•≥≥•≤ (©≠°¨°π° Ø≤ ∑•≤• ±µ°≤¥∫©¥• ¨©¥®Ø¨Øß©•≥ ∑®©£® Ø££µ≤ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• £°¥£®≠•Æ¥≥+ ÆØ £¨°≥¥≥ ∑•≤• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 4•¥®π°Æ (©≠°¨°π° °Æ§ ∂•≤𠶕∑ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• (©ß® (©≠°¨°π° "°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®•≥• Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑• °∞∞¨©•§ ° ≠ا•¨ ض £¨°≥¥ °¢≤°≥©ØÆ ©Æ ≤©∂•≤≥ £°¨©¢≤°¥•§ °ß°©Æ≥¥ ¶¨µ≠• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©Æ§©£°¥•§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¢µ¨´ ض ¥®• ∞•¢¢¨•≥ ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ °¥ ° §©≥¥°Æ£• C//´≠ µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ض ¥®• ≠صƥ°©Æ ¶≤ØÆ¥ ∑•≤• ¨©´•¨π ¥Ø ®°∂• ¢••Æ °¢≤°§•§ ©Æ¥Ø ≥°Æ§ ß≤°©Æ≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• •∏£•∞¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ±µ°≤¥∫©¥• ¨©¥®Ø¨Øß©•≥ 4®•≤•¶Ø≤• ∑• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥• ¥®°¥ ∞•¢¢¨• °¢≤°≥©ØÆ ≥•¥≥ ° ¨©≠©¥ ØÆ ¥®• ß≤°∂•¨ ¶¨µ∏ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠صƥ°©Æ £°¥£®≠•Æ¥≥ 4®©≥ ®°≥ ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ©≠∞°£¥ ض •°≤¥®±µ°´• ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ ß≤°∂•¨ ¶¨µ∏ ¥Ø ¥®• ∞¨°©Æ≥ &Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• ¥®• ./= 'Ø≤´®° •°≤¥®±µ°´• ©Æ .•∞°¨ °∞∞•°≤≥ µÆ¨©´•¨π ¥Ø ß•Æ•≤°¥• ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ £®°Æß• ©Æ ß≤°∂•¨ ¢•§¨Ø°§ ¥Ø ¥®• 0¨°©Æ≥ ©Æ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ ¥Ø ¥®• 7•Æ£®µ°Æ °Æ§ #®©)#®© •°≤¥®±µ°´•≥ ¢Ø¥® ض ∑®©£® ∑•≤• ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ¥Ø ¥®• ≠صƥ°©Æ ¶≤ØÆ¥ £°µ≥•§ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ °ßß≤°§°¥©ØÆ ©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ /)≠ °Æ§ £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ¥ ¶¨Øا©Æß

=D

'•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≤•£Ø≤§ ض ≥®°¨¨Ø∑/≠°≤©Æ•. ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨ ¥≥µÆ°≠© ¢°£´∑°≥®- &©•¨§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≥©≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ

!≤Æص§ 3¨ØØ¥≠°Æ 5 'µπ 3©≠∞≥ØÆ  °Æ§ 3œ¢°≥¥©•Æ #°≥¥•¨¨¥Ø≤¥  0Ø∞∞• , §• "Ø•≤ .

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض '•Æ•∂° 2µ• §•≥ -°≤°fl£®•≤≥ 3, '•Æ•∂° 3.D2 3∑©¥∫•≤¨°Æ§ . &°£µ¨¥π ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 5¥≤•£®¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 0/ "Ø∏ @D 332 ,2D@ 4# 5¥≤•£®¥ ¥®• .•¥®•≤¨°Æ§≥

°≤Æص§ ≥¨ØØ¥≠°Æ$µÆ©ß• £®

4≥µÆ°≠©≥ °≤• ≠°≤´•§ ¢π §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ∞®°≥•≥ ض µ∞≤µ≥® °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® £Ø°≥¥°¨ ©ÆµÆ§°¥©ØÆ ° ≥®Ø≤¥ ≥¥°ßÆ°Æ¥ ∑°¥•≤ ∞®°≥• °Æ§ ¢°£´∑°≥® §µ≤©Æß ∑®©£® ¥≥µÆ°≠© ∑°¥•≤≥ ≤•¥≤•°¥ 7®©¨• ¥®• ≤•¥µ≤Æ©Æß ¶¨Ø∑ ≠°π •≤ا• ¥®• ≥®Ø≤•¶°£• °Æ§ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ¨°≤ß• ∂بµ≠•≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥Ø ¥®• ض¶≥®Ø≤• ¥®• ¨Ø£µ≥ ∑®•≤• ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨ ≤•¥µ≤Æ©Æß ¶¨Ø∑ ¥≤°Æ≥¶Ø≤≠≥ ©Æ¥Ø ≥µ¢£≤©¥©£°¨ °§∂°Æ£©Æß ¶¨Ø∑ £°Æ ¢• ° ≥©¥• ض ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ 5≥©Æß ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶©•¨§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≥©≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑• ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ≥©ßÆ°¨ ض ¥®•≥• ∞®•ÆØ≠•Æ° ©Æ ¥®• ߕبØß©£°¨ ≤•£Ø≤§ 7• •∏∞•£¥ ¨°≤ß• ¥≥µÆ°≠©≥ ¥Ø ß•Æ•≤°¥• ض¶≥®Ø≤• ¢°≤≥ ∑©¥® ≥£Øµ≤)°Æ§)¶©¨¨ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® °Æ¥©§µÆ• ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ 7®©¨• ¥®• ≤•£ØßÆ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ£® ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ©≥ £®°¨¨•Æß©Æß ©Æ ≥°Æ§π §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ §µ• ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ ¨ØÆß ∑°∂•¨•Æߥ® •∏£••§©Æß ≠°Æ𠥕Æ≥ ¥Ø ®µÆ§≤•§≥ ض ≠•¥•≤≥ ∑• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °Æ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ©Æ ° £Ø°≤≥• ß≤°©Æ)≥©∫• ≥•¥¥©Æß ∑®•≤• ¥®•≥• ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ £°Æ ¢• £¨•°≤¨π ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ °Æ§ §•≥£≤©¢•§ 7• °§∂Ø£°¥• ¥®°¥ ¥®• °∞∞°≤•Æ¥¨π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•¨•≥≥ Ø≤ ¶°©Æ¥¨π)≥¥≤°¥©¶©•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∑®©£® ¥π∞©£°¨¨π £Ø≠∞≤©≥• ¥®• ¶©Æ©Æß)µ∞∑°≤§ ¢°≥°¨ §©∂©≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑)≠°≤©Æ• ≥°Æ§π ¥≥µÆ°≠©©¥•≥ ©Æ ¶°£¥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥ ض ¨°Æ§∑°≤§)§©∞∞©Æß ¢°£´≥•¥ ≥¥≤°¥° ¥®°¥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ µÆ§•≤ ° ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ®π§≤°µ¨©£ ™µ≠∞ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ∑°≤§ ≤•¥≤•°¥ ض ¥≥µÆ°≠© ∑°¥•≤≥ .µ≠•≤©£°¨ ≥©≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ ¶Ø£µ≥ ØÆ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¢°£´∑°≥®)ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ ض¶≥®Ø≤• ¢°≤ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ¥®©≥ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ /µ≤ ∑Ø≤´ £¨°≤©¶©•≥ ¥®• Æ°¥µ≤• ض ¥®• ¢°£´∑°≥® ∞®•ÆØ≠•ÆØÆ °Æ§ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∑®©£® ©≥ ©Æ§©≥∞•Æ≥°¢¨• ¥Ø ¥≥µÆ°≠© ≤©≥´ °≥≥•≥≥≠•Æ¥ ©Æ £Ø°≥¥°¨ °≤•°≥

-ب°≤/¥ØØ¥® ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•- ° 0≤•£°≠¢≤©°Æ £°¨£©¥• Æ•¥∑Ø≤´ §•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ ØÆ ¢°£¥•≤©°¨ %03& !*'*3≠©¥® $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• $Ø∑Æ©Æß 3¥≤••¥ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%1

°ß≥3$£°≠ °£ µ´

-ب°≤)¥ØØ¥® -4 ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ®°≥ ¨ØÆß ¢••Æ ≤•ß°≤§•§ °Æ •Æ©ß≠°¥©£ ¶•°¥µ≤• ض ¨°¥• !≤£®•°Æ ¥Ø 0≤Ø¥•≤Ø∫Ø©£ ¶©Æ•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ °Æ§MØ≤ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ 4®• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ©≥ ∑©§•≥∞≤•°§ °Æ§ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ ¶Ø≤≠≥ Æ•¥∑Ø≤´≥ ض £°¨£©¥• ∂•©Æ≥ ©Æ ≥©¨¥π £°≤¢ØÆ°¥•≥ ¥®°¥ °∞∞•°≤ ¥Ø ®°∂• Ø≤©ß©Æ°¥•§ °≥ ß°≥ °Æ§MØ≤ ¨©±µ©§ ∂Ø©§≥ ¥®°¥ ∑•≤• ≤°∞©§¨π ¶©¨¨•§ ∑©¥® °Æ§ ¨©¥®©¶©•§ ¢π £°¨£©¥• 4®• ¶©≤≥¥ ∞®°≥• ض £°¨£©¥• £•≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ °∞∞•°≤≥ ¥Ø ®°∂• ¢••Æ ¥®• £≤•°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ¢)≥∞®•≤©£°¨ ¢Ø§©•≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨¨π ≥©≠©¨°≤ ¢µ¥ ≥≠°¨¨•≤ ¥®°Æ ¥®Ø≥• ∞≤اµ£•§ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨¨π ¢π ≥Ø≠• ≠ا•≤Æ ¢°£¥•≤©° 3Ø≠• -4 ß≤°©Æ≥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ °≥ ß≤°Æµ¨°≤ ≠°≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ ¢•®°∂• °≥ ¶©Æ•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ≥©¨¥)≥©∫•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∑®©£® Ø££°≥©ØÆ°¨¨π ≥®Ø∑≥ £≤Ø≥≥)¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ ! ≥•£ØƧ ∞®°≥• ض £°¨£©¥• ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥©ØÆ ¶©¨¨•§ ©Æ ¥®• ≤•≠°©Æ©Æß ∞Ø≤• ≥∞°£•≥ °Æ§ ¨©¥®©¶©•§ ¥®• Æ•¥∑Ø≤´ $µ≤©Æß ¢µ≤©°¨ ¥®• ≥µ≤≤صƧ©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ∑•≤• £Ø≠∞°£¥•§ £°µ≥©Æß ¥®• Æ•¥∑Ø≤´ ¥Ø §•¶Ø≤≠ ¢•£°µ≥• ©¥ ∑°≥ ≠Ø≤• ≤©ß©§ ¥®°Æ ¥®• •Æ£¨Ø≥©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß©∂©Æß ≤©≥• ¥Ø ¥®• £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£ £ØÆ¥Ø≤¥•§ £°¨£©¥• Æ•¥∑Ø≤´ ض ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ §°π $•£Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ≥Ø≠• -4 ¶Ø≤≠•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ). ≠ ض ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥)∑°¥•≤ ©Æ¥•≤¶°£• %∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ØÆ °≤¥©¶©£©°¨ £¨°π ≥¨µ≤≤©•≥ ¨°£•§ ∑©¥® π•°≥¥ °Æ§ ≥µß°≤ £≤•°¥•§ ∂Ø©§≥ ¢µ¥ ¥®Ø≥• ≠Ø≥¥ £¨Ø≥•¨π ≤•≥•≠¢¨©Æß -4 ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ≤•±µ©≤•§ ° ≥•°¨ 4®• ≥•°¨ °¨¨Ø∑•§ ®©ß®•≤ ¥®°Æ ®π§≤Ø≥¥°¥©£ ∞Ø≤•)¶¨µ©§ ∞≤•≥≥µ≤•≥ ¥Ø ¢• ∞≤اµ£•§ ©Æ ¥®• ∂Ø©§≥ )Æ ¥®• £°≥• ض -4 ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ¥®• ß°≥•≥ ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ ¢π ¥®• §•£°π ض ¢µ≤©•§ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ∞≤Ø¢°¢¨π ≠Ø≥¥¨π ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ £≤•°¥•§ ¥®• ∂Ø©§≥ %∏¥≤°£•¨¨µ¨°≤ ∞بπ≠•≤©£ ≥µ¢≥¥°Æ£•≥ %03 ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ ¢π ¢°£¥•≤©° ©Æ ¥®• ≠°¥≥ £Øµ¨§ ®°∂• ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ° ∞¨°µ≥©¢¨• ≥•°¨ °¨¨Ø∑©Æß ¥®• ß°≥•≥ ¥Ø °££µ≠µ¨°¥• )Æ ¥®• °¢≥•Æ£•≥ ض ° ≥•°¨ ¥®• ß°≥ ¢µ¢¢¨•≥ ∑ص¨§ ÆØ¥ ®°∂• °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ )¶ ¥®©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ ©≥ £Ø≤≤•£¥ ¥®•Æ -4 ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °≤• °ÆØ¥®•≤ ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤ ض ¥®• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ£• ض ¢°£¥•≤©° ©Æ ¥®• ¨°¥• !≤£®•°Æ ¥Ø ¨°¥• 0≤Ø¥•≤Ø∫Ø©£ ®©≥¥Ø≤π ض ¨©¶• ØÆ %°≤¥®

=<

6°≤©•§ 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ %∏∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ض 3¨Ø∞• #®°ÆÆ•¨ %∂بµ¥©ØÆ

3°≤°® 3ص¥®•≤Æ 5 "≤©°Æ 2Ø≠°Æ≥ ? ,©≥° 3¥≤©ß®¥ : °Æ§ 3¥•∞®•Æ (µ¢¢°≤§ 

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°¨ß°≤π !¨¢•≤¥° #°Æ°§° . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 6©≤ß©Æ©° 4•£® "¨°£´≥¢µ≤ß 6©≤ß©Æ©° 53! , $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ #بØ≤°§Ø 3¥°¥• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π &Ø≤¥ #ب¨©Æ≥ #بØ≤°§Ø 53!

≥ ≥ص¥®•≤Æ@@$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ≥¨Ø∞•)£®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶©¨¨≥ °≤• ¥®• £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥• ∞≤اµ£¥ ض °Æ ©Æ¥≤©£°¥• ®©≥¥Ø≤π ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ ¢π∞°≥≥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ #®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶©¨¨≥ °≤• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ°¨¨π §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ¥®©£´)¢•§§•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑®©£® ∞≤Ø∂©§• ° ¢©°≥•§ ≤•£Ø≤§ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨ ©Æ¶©¨¨©Æß ¢π §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ®©ß®)§•Æ≥©¥π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ 0≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ض •≤Ø≥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¢π∞°≥≥ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠Ø≤• §©¨µ¥• £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ °≤• ¨•≥≥ •∂©§•Æ¥ °≥ ¥®•π °≤• ≤•£Ø≤§•§ ¢π ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ≥µ¢Ø≤§©Æ°¥• Ø≤ ¨•≥≥ ≤•°§©¨π ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ •ß ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•)∞≤ØÆ• §≤°∞•≥ ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ•)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¥®©Æ)¢•§§•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ 3µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π ©¥ ©≥ ®°≤§•≤ ¥Ø §•§µ£• ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≤ب•≥ ض ¥®•≥• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ §µ≤©Æß £®°ÆÆ•¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ØÆ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨)¶©¨¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• 7•¨¨)•∏∞Ø≥•§ ≥¥°£´•§)≥¨Ø∞• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶©¨¨≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ 4≤•≥ 0°≥Ø≥ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ #®©¨• ∞≤Ø∂©§• ° µÆ©±µ• Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥π ¥Ø §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥ ¥®• ∂°≤©•§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ •∏∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ 1µ°¨©¥°¥©∂• Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨)¶©¨¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °µß≠•Æ¥•§ ∑©¥® ° ≥µ©¥• ض ±µ°Æ¥©¶©•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ¶≤Ø≠ Ø∂•≤ // ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ ≠•°≥µ≤•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨)¶©¨¨≥ ®©ß®¨©ß®¥ ¥®≤•• §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ≥¥π¨•≥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨)¶©¨¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•+ ¥®•≥• §©¶¶•≤ °££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ¥®°¥ ©≥ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨)≠°≤ß©Æ ≥¥≤°¥° )Æ ß•Æ•≤°¨ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ∑©¥®©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨)≠°≤ß©Æ ≥¥≤°¥° ≤•£Ø≤§ °Æ Ø∂•≤°¨¨ ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ¶¨Ø∑ •Æ•≤ß𠧵≤©Æß ©Æ¶©¨¨ •ß ©Æ£≤•°≥•≥ ©Æ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• °Æ§ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•)£¨°≥¥ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ ∑®©£® §©¶¶•≤≥ ¶≤Ø≠ •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ¶¨Ø∑ •Æ•≤ß𠧕£≤•°≥• ≤•£Ø≤§•§ ©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨)¥®°¨∑•ß °∏©≥ ≥¥≤°¥° •ß §•£≤•°≥•§ °≠°¨ß°≠°¥©ØÆ 6°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨)¶©¨¨ ≥¥π¨• ≤•£Ø≤§ ¥®• ∂°≤©•§ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• ≤•¨©•¶ °Æ§ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ض ¥®• °£¥©∂• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶¨ØØ≤+ ¥®©≥ ≥µ≤¶°£• ©≥ ≥£µ¨∞¥•§ §µ≤©Æß £®°ÆÆ•¨ ©Æ£•∞¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ©≥ £ØÆ¥©Æµ°¨¨π ≠ا©¶©•§ ¢π §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• °∏©≥ °Æ§ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ ض ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨ #°≤•¶µ¨ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ©Æ≥©ß®¥ °≥ ¥Ø ®Ø∑ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ®©≥¥Ø≤©•≥ ¢•£Ø≠• •∏∞≤•≥≥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•£Ø≤§ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ©Æ∞µ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≠ا•¨≥

4®• •¶¶•£¥ ض ¢©Ø¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ∞•¨°ß©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥- ,•≥≥ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≤°§©Ø°£¥©∂• ¥≤°£•≤≥ °Æ§ ∞¨°Æ´¥ØÆ©£ ¶Ø≤°≠©Æ©¶•≤° ©Æ ¥®• 'µ¨¶ ض !±°¢°. 2•§ 3•°

:∂© 3¥•©Æ•≤ 5.?  "Ø°∫ ,°∫°≤  3®°Æ© ,•∂©  3®©≠ØÆ 4≥≤Øπ° G /≠•≤ 0•¨¨•§ G 2•∂©¥°¨ "ØØ´≠°Æ J °Æ§ *ØÆ°¥®°Æ %≤•∫ 

3 4®• &≤•§π °Æ§ .°§©Æ• (•≤≤≠°ÆÆ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 4®• (•¢≤•∑ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π *•≤µ≥°¨•≠ +3+D )≥≤°•¨ . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• $Ø∑Æ©Æß 3¥≤••¥ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%1 , .µ£¨•°≤ 2•≥•°≤£® #•Æ¥•≤ .•ß•∂ 0/" +DD3 "••≤ 3®•∂° @3+D )≥≤°•¨  $≤ -Ø≥•≥ 3¥≤°µ≥≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض -°≤©Æ• '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ ,•ØÆ ( #®°≤Æ•π 3£®Øب ض -°≤©Æ• 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض (°©¶° )≥≤°•¨

∫≥,3,$£°≠ °£ µ´

3¥µ§©•≥ ض ≤•£•Æ¥ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ∞•≤¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ≥ ض¥•Æ ≤•¨π ØÆ §°¥° §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£Ø≤§≥ 4®•≥• ≤•£Ø≤§≥ °≤• ´ÆØ∑Æ ¥Ø ©≠∞•≤¶•£¥¨π ©Æ≥£≤©¢• ¥®• ¥≤µ• ≥•±µ•Æ£• ض •∂•Æ¥≥ π•¥ ¥®•≤• ©≥ ¨°≤ß• µÆ£•≤¥°©Æ¥π ≤•ß°≤§©Æß ¥®• £Ø≤≤•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ ≥®Øµ¨§ ¢• •≠∞¨Ø𕧠¥Ø °££µ≤°¥•¨π §•≥£≤©¢• ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ®©≥¥Ø≤π (•≤• ∑• ≥®Ø∑ ©Æ ≤•£•Æ¥ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 'µ¨¶ ض !±°¢° 2•§ 3•° ®Ø∑ •∂•Æ¥≥ ض ¥®• °¢≤µ∞¥ §©≥°∞∞•°≤°Æ£• ض ¥®• ∞¨°Æ´¥ØÆ©£ ¶Ø≤°≠©Æ©¶•≤ '¨Ø¢©ß•≤©ÆØ©§•≥ ≥°££µ¨©¶•≤ °Æ§ •∞©≥ا©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• °≤¥©¶©£©°¨ ≤°§©ØƵ£¨©§• G< #≥ °≤• ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π °¨¥•≤•§ ©Æ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£Ø≤§ £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ ´ÆØ∑Æ ∞°≥¥ ¥©≠©Æß )Æ≥¥•°§ ض ¥®• °¢≤µ∞¥ §©≥°∞∞•°≤°Æ£• ض ¥®• ¶Ø≤°≠©Æ©¶•≤° ∑• Ø¢≥•≤∂• ° ∞≤بØÆß•§ §•£¨©Æ• ¢•ß©ÆÆ©Æß °¥ £Ø≤• §•∞¥® •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥ ¥Ø TG/ π ∞≤©Ø≤ ¥Ø ©¥≥ °£¥µ°¨ §©≥°∞∞•°≤°Æ£• °Æ§ £ØÆ¥©Æµ©Æß ¶Ø≤ §•£°§•≥ ∞°≥¥ ¥®• •∂•Æ¥ 7• ¶µ≤¥®•≤ Ø¢≥•≤∂• °≥π≠≠•¥≤©£ ≥≠ØØ¥®©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ≤°§©ØƵ£¨©§• ∞•°´ 5¥©¨©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °§∂•£¥©ØÆ)§©¶¶µ≥©ØÆ)≤•°£¥©ØÆ ≠ا•¨≥ ¥Ø ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ¥®• Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ ¶¨µ∏•≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ´ÆØ∑Æ °¢≥بµ¥• ¥©≠©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• •∂•Æ¥≥ ≤•∂•°¨ ¥®°¥ ©¥ ©≥ ©≠∞•≤°¥©∂• ¥Ø µ≥• ° £ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ ¶µÆ£¥©ØÆ ¥Ø §•≥£≤©¢• ¢©Ø¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ $©≥£≤•¥©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢©Ø¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ ©Æ¥Ø ≠©∏•§ °Æ§ µÆ≠©∏•§ ¨°π•≤≥ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ≥®©¶¥≥ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≠ا•¨¨•§ •∂•Æ¥ 7®•Æ ¢©Ø¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ ©≥ §•≥£≤©¢•§ °≥ ° £ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥¨π §•£≤•°≥©Æß ¶µÆ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §•∞¥® ¥®• ∞•°´ ض ° ∂•≤π ≥®Ø≤¥ ¥•≤≠ •∂•Æ¥ ≥≠•°≤≥ °≥π≠≠•¥≤©£°¨¨π ¢µ¥ ≤•≠°©Æ≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≤©ß®¥ §•∞¥® 7®•Æ ≥µ§§•Æ •∂•Æ¥≥ ≤•∞•°¥ ∑®©¨• ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ≥∞©´• ©≥ ≥¥©¨¨ ≠©∏•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• µ∞∞•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¨°π•≤ ¢©Ø¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ µÆ©¶©•≥ °§™°£•Æ¥ ∞•°´≥ 4®• µÆ©¥•§ ∞•°´ °∞∞•°≤≥ °¥ °Æ ©Æ¥•≤≠•§©°¥• §•∞¥® ¥®°¥ §Ø•≥ ÆØ¥ Æ•£•≥≥°≤©¨π £Ø≤≤•¨°¥• ∑©¥® ¥®• ¥©≠©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ •∂•Æ¥≥ )Æ ° ¥®©≤§ £°≥• ° ¨ØÆß ¨°≥¥©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π •∂•Æ¥ °¶¶•£¥•§ ¢π ¢©Ø¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ∞•°´ ©≥ ≤°¥®•≤ ∑•°´ £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ¥®• °£¥µ°¨ •∂•Æ¥ °Æ§ °∞∞•°≤≥ §••∞•≤ ©Æ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £Ø¨µ≠Æ ¥®°Æ •∏∞•£¥•§ 4®•≥• •¶¶•£¥≥ °≤• ¨©´•¨π ¥Ø ≠°´• ≤•£Ø≤§•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π •∂•Æ¥≥ ≥¥°≤¥ ≥®Ø≤¥¨π ¢•¶Ø≤• ¥®• ≤•°¨ •∂•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ •Æ§ ¨ØÆß °¶¥•≤ ¥®•©≤ ¥≤µ• ¥•≤≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ

=

2•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©Æß ¥®• 5P?P '≤°Æ§ "°Æ´≥ %∂•Æ¥. ض¶≥®Ø≤• .•∑¶ØµÆ§¨°Æ§

#®≤©≥ 3¥•∂•Æ≥ØÆ 5 0•¥•≤ &•¨§•Æ≥ . -©≥£®° 3£®dÆ´• . !ßß•¨©´© '•Ø≤ß©Ø∞ص¨Øµ G 3•¢°≥¥©°Æ +≤°≥¥•¨ J $°∂©§ 0©∞•≤ = °Æ§ $°∂©§ -Ø≥®•≤ D

3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ /∏¶Ø≤§ 2Ø°§ -3, +0, . )/7 3••≥¥≤°≥≥• 32 $A3@33+ 2Ø≥¥Ø£´ , 5#$ 7•≥¥ "•¨¶©•¨§ $µ¢¨©Æ  )≤•¨°Æ§  #®≤©≥¥©°ÆA!¨¢≤•£®¥≥A5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥ø¥ .33@ +©•¨ '•≤≠°Æπ 2 ")/ $°≤¥≠ص¥® .3 ".9 !. #°Æ°§° * ##/- . #بØ∂Ø≥ 2Ø°§ $µ≤®°≠ .•∑ (°≠∞≥®©≤• D,@.

£®≤©≥¥Ø∞®•≤ ™ ≥¥•∂•Æ≥ØÆ$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

4®• -.- '≤°Æ§ "°Æ´≥ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¨°Æ§≥¨©§• ®°≥ ¢••Æ ≥•≠©Æ°¨ ©Æ ص≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ )¥ ©≥ °Æ •∏£•∞¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ≤°≤• •∏°≠∞¨• ض °Æ •∂•Æ¥ ∑®•≤• ¶¨Ø∑ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ®°≥ ¢••Æ §©≤•£¥¨π ≠•°≥µ≤•§ ¢π £°¢¨• ¢≤•°´≥ °Æ§ ©¥≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ §•≥£≤©¢•§ ¶≤Ø≠ £Ø≤•≥ ¥°´•Æ °¨ØÆß ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ∞°¥®∑°π $•≥∞©¥• ¥®• §©≤•£¥ ≠•°≥µ≤•≥ ض ¶¨Ø∑ ≥∞••§ ´•π ¶¨Ø∑ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ©Æ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ ®°∂• π•¥ ¥Ø ¢• £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ #ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ ©≥ °  ≥¥ Ø≤§•≤ £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¶¨Ø∑ §πÆ°≠©£≥ °Æ§ £®°≤°£¥•≤ ض §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ®•Æ£• ©≥ ° £≤µ£©°¨ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥π ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ (•≤• ∑• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ Æ•∑ £Ø≤• °Æ§ ¢°¥®π≠•¥≤π §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ° £®°ÆÆ•¨ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤ ∞°≤¥≥ ض ¥®• '≤°Æ§ "°Æ´≥ ≥¨Ø∞• 4®©≥ Æ•∑ §°¥° £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ≥ ¥®• ¥≤©≠¨©Æ• ض §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• -.- %∂•Æ¥ ∑®©£® ©≥ µ≥•§ °≥ ° ∞≤Ø∏π ¶Ø≤ ¶¨Ø∑ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ 7©¥® ¥®• °§§©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®©≥ Æ•∑ §°¥° ∑• £°Æ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ´•π ¶¨Ø∑ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ض ≥¨Ø∞• ¶¨Ø∑ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °Æ§ ¶¨Ø∑ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π 7• ¥®•Æ •≠∞¨Øπ ¥®≤•• ©Æ§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ °∞∞≤Ø°£®•≥ ¥Ø ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂•¨π ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ¥®• ¢µ¨´ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• -.- %∂•Æ¥ /µ≤ £°¨£µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®• ¢µ¨´ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ). P ∂ب Ø∂•≤ ° ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ض T.// ≠ 4®©≥ ©≥ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ •≥¥©≠°¥• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ ° ¨°≤ß•)∂بµ≠• ¶¨Ø∑ ∑®©£® ©≥ ∂°¨©§°¥•§ ¢π §©≤•£¥ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥

!¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ≥ °≥ ≤•£Ø≤§•≤≥ ض ∂ب£°Æ©£ ©≥¨°Æ§ §•Æµ§°¥©ØÆ

-°≤¥©Æ 3¥Ø´•≥ 5 !¨¢•≤¥Ø 'Ø≠•≥ . !Æ° #°≤≤°£•§Ø 0¨µ≠•§ G &©Æ 3¥µ°≤¥ G 2Ø≥° 2Ø£®° .

3 3£®Øب ض '•Øß≤°∞®π %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 0¨π≠ص¥® 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π $•∂ØÆ 5+ . $•∞°≤¥°≠•Æ¥Ø §• '•Øß≤°¶©° &°£µ¨§°§• §• ,•¥≤°≥ §Ø 0Ø≤¥Ø 0Ø≤¥Ø 0Ø≤¥µß°¨ , 3£Ø¥¥©≥® 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥©•≥ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 2•≥•°≤£® #•Æ¥≤• %°≥¥ +©¨¢≤©§• 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ 5+

≠≥¥Ø´•≥$∞¨π≠ص¥® °£ µ´

7• ≤•∞Ø≤¥ ≤•≠Ø¥• ≥•Æ≥©Æß ¶©•¨§ ≥µ≤∂•π °Æ§ ß•Ø£®≤ØÆبØß©£°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ض 1µ°¥•≤Æ°≤π °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ØÆ 3°Æ¥Ø !Æ¥æØ ©Æ ¥®• °≤©§ #°∞• 6•≤§• °≤£®©∞•¨°ßØ ض¶≥®Ø≤• 7•≥¥ !¶≤©£° &°Æ≥ °≤• ¨°≤ß• £Ø°≥¥°¨ £Ø°¨•≥£•Æ¥ ¶Ø≤≠≥ ≤•≥¥≤©£¥•§ ¥Ø ≥ص¥®•≤Æ •§©¶©£• ¶¨°Æ´≥ 4®• ¨°≤ß•≥¥ ¶°Æ D´≠ ¨ØÆß TJ´≠ ∑©§• °≤•° T/´≠. £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ ° ≥©Æߨ• ≥µ≤¶°£• 1¶/ #Ø≥≠Øß•Æ©£ G(• §°¥©Æß Ø¶ ≥µ≤¶°£• ¢Øµ¨§•≤≥ 𩕨§≥ °ß• ß≤ص∞©Æß≥ ض T/) =/´° §©≥¥°¨ °Æ§ ./)/´° ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ 1¶/ §©≥≥•£¥©ØÆ •∏∞Ø≥•≥ ∞ØØ≤¨π ≥Ø≤¥•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ ∑©¥® µÆ§°¥•§ ¨°∂°≥ °Æ§ °Æ !≤ßØÆ §°¥•§ ¥•∞®≤° T-G´° "Ø≤•®Ø¨•≥ ≤•∂•°¨ ° /≠ ¶°Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥)¨°∂° ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥µßß•≥¥©Æß ∞≤بØÆß•§ ¶°Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∂ب£°Æ©£ °£¥©∂©¥π ! ≥©Æߨ• °£¥©∂• £®°ÆÆ•¨ §©≥≥•£¥≥ ¥®• 1¶/ ≥µ≤¶°£• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• £Ø°≥¥ TJ≠ §••∞ T .//≠ ∑©§• ©Æ §©≥¥°¨ ¶°Æ+ TD/≠ §••∞ T/≠ ∑©§• ©Æ ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ¶°Æ ©Æ¨°Æ§ ©Æ¥Ø ° ¢°£´¶©¨¨•§ ¶¨°Æ´ ≠°≤ß©Æ £°¥£®≠•Æ¥ °≤•° G/´≠.+ =//≠ ≤•¨©•¶ ∑©¥® ©Æ£©≥©ØÆ ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ¥Ø T/≠ #°¥£®≠•Æ¥ ©Æ¶©¨¨ £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ ©Æ≥•¥ ¶©¨¨ ¥•≤≤°£•≥ °Æ§ ¨°∂° ¶¨Ø∑ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ©Æ¶©¨¨©ÆßM§°≠≠©Æß 4®• ≥¥••∞ ∂ب£°Æ©£ •§©¶©£• ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ≤•≥¥≤©£¥≥ £Ø°≥¥°¨ ¶°Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ©Æ®©¢©¥©Æß °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ≥∞°£• °Æ§ •Æ®°Æ£©Æß •≤Ø≥©ØÆ ¥®≤ص߮ ¢°≥•)¨•∂•¨ ¶¨µ£¥µ°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑®•Æ ¶°Æ≥ §Ø ¶Ø≤≠ &¨°Æ´ £Ø¨¨°∞≥•≥ ≠ا©¶π ¥®• ≥¥••∞ •§©¶©£• ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ £≤•°¥©Æß ≥∞°£• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π °Æ§ §≤°©Æ°ß• ≤ص¥©Æß £ØƧµ£©∂• ¶Ø≤ ¶°Æ ¢µ©¨§©Æß 6ب£°Æ©£ ®π§≤Ø¥®•≤≠°¨ °¨¥•≤°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ©≥¨°Æ§ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ∑®•≤• °¨¥•≤•§ ≤Ø£´≥ £°Æ ¢• ≤•°§©¨π •∏∞¨Ø©¥•§ ¢π ¶¨µ∂©°¨ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ •ß ≥ص¥® ©≥¨°Æ§ £Ø°¨•≥£•Æ¥ ¶°Æ £°¥£®≠•Æ¥≥ 3•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ¨ØÆß ¨©∂•§ ∞≤•)-©§§¨• 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• ∑©¥® ¥®• ,°¥• 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• 1¶/ ≥µ≤¶°£• °¢°Æ§ØÆ≠•Æ¥)©Æ£©≥©ØÆ ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø £¨©≠°¥•)≤•¨°¥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥)∑°¥•≤ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø !¶≤©£°Æ (µ≠©§ 0•≤©Ø§≥ °Æ§ ¢°≥•)¨•∂•¨ £®°Æß•

=-

%°≤¨π #°≠¢≤©°Æ °≤£®°•Ø£π°¥®°Æ/≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨©¥• ≤••¶≥ ©Æ 3ص¥® #®©Æ°

(°Ø 4°Æß 5 3¥•∂• +•≤≥®°∑ . °Æ§ 8©µ£®•Æß 4°Æ 

3 3¥°¥• +•π ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π ض /©¨ E '°≥ 2•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ %∏∞¨Ø©¥°¥©ØÆ 3ص¥®∑•≥¥ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π #®•Æߧµ *3D2DD #®©Æ° . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض ,©¶• 3£©•Æ£•≥ "≤µÆ•¨ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π +©Æß≥¥ØÆ ,°Æ• 5∏¢≤©§ß• 5"@ ,0( 5+

¥®µ¶Ø£Ø≠$3*, £Ø≠

!≤£®°•Ø£π°¥®≥ °Æ§ £°¨£©≠©£≤Ø¢•≥ £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥•§ •°≤¨π #°≠¢≤©°Æ ≤••¶ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑•¨¨)´ÆØ∑Æ ß¨Ø¢°¨¨π ¢µ¥ ∞ØØ≤¨π ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ≥ص¥® #®©Æ° 7• §•≥£≤©¢• ∑•¨¨)∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ °≤£®°•Ø£π°¥®°Æ)≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≤••¶≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π µÆ§•≥£≤©¢•§ ≥©¥• 4°Æß™©°®• ÆØ≤¥®•°≥¥•≤Æ 3©£®µ°Æ ≤•∂•°¨©Æß ¥®• Æ°¥µ≤• ض ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨©¥• ≤••¶≥ ©Æ ¥®• 8©°ÆƵ§ØÆß &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ 4®≤•• ≤••¶ µÆ©¥≥ 2)2G ¨Ø∑•≤ ¥Ø µ∞∞•≤ °≤• ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ ∑©¥® ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ•≥ 2 ©≥ G= ≠)¥®©£´ ¨Ø∑)≤•¨©•¶ °Æ§ µÆ§•¥•≤≠©Æ•§ ≥©∫• ≥Ø ≠°π ¢• ° ≠صƧ Ø≤ ¢©Ø≥¥≤Ø≠• ¢µ©¨¥ ¢π %∞©∞®π¥ØÆ ∑©¥® ¶•∑ °≤£®°•Ø£π°¥®≥ %∞©∞®π¥ØÆ °ßß≤•ß°¥©ØÆ≥  ¥Ø / ≠≠ °£≤Ø≥≥ °≤• ©≤≤•ßµ¨°≤¨π ≥®°∞•§ °Æ§ £ØÆÆ•£¥ ∑©¥® •°£® Ø¥®•≤ ¨°¥•≤°¨¨π ¥Ø ¢µ©¨§ ° ¨ØØ≥• °Æ§ ∞Ø≤ص≥ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ∑©¥® ≤°≤• °≤£®°•Ø£π°¥®≥ °≠ØÆß≥¥ ∑®©£® ¨©ß®¥)ß≤°π ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©≥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤≠ ß•Ø∞•¥°¨ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ ≥Ø≠• £°≥•≥ 2. £ØÆ≥©≥¥≥ ض ° .< ≠ ¥®©£´ D ≠ ∑©§• ≠صƧ •Æ£¨Ø≥•§ ©Æ Øب©¥• 4®• 2. ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ©≥ ¢µ©¨¥ ¢π ©Æ¥•≤ß≤Ø∑Æ 2•Æ°¨£©≥ °Æ§ 4°≤¥®©Æ©° ¶Ø≤≠©Æß µ∞∑°≤§)•∏∞°Æ§©Æß ¥µ¶¥•§ ¶°Æ)≥®°∞•§ °ßß≤•ß°¥©ØÆ≥ /= ¥Ø . £≠ ©Æ §©°≠•¥•≤ •Æ£≤µ≥¥•§ ¢π ¨©ß®¥•≤)£Ø¨Øµ≤•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ∑®©£® ∞≤Ø∂©§• ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• ¶Ø≤ ≠Ø≤• ≠©£≤Ø¢• ß≤Ø∑¥® !≤£®°•Ø£π°¥® ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ °≤• µÆ£Ø≠≠ØÆ ≠Ø≥¥¨π ÆØ¥ ©Æ ≥©¥µ °Æ§ ¢ØµÆ§ ¢π ≠©£≤Ø¢•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ 2G £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ ° £°  ≠ ¥®©£´ ≥≠°¨¨ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨©¥• ≠صƧ °Æ§ °Æ Ø∂•≤¨π©Æß ¥®©Æ ≥¥≤Ø≠°¥Ø¨©¥• ¢•§ ¢Ø¥® °≤• •Æ£¨Ø≥•§ ©Æ Øب©¥• 4®• ≠صƧ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ £ØÆ≥©≥¥≥ ض °≤£®°•Ø£π°¥®≥ = ¥Ø  ≠≠ ©Æ §©°≠•¥•≤ ¢ØµÆ§ ¢π ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠©£≤©¥• ∑©¥® °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ £°∂©¥©•≥ ©Æ¶©¨¨•§ ∑©¥® ≠©£≤©¥• °Æ§ ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ ≥°Æ§ -Ø≥¥ °≤£®°•Ø£π°¥®≥ °≤• ÆØ¥ ©Æ ∞¨°£• °Æ§ ≠°π ®°∂• ¢••Æ -©£≤©¥• ¢©Æ§©Æß °≤£®°•Ø£π°¥®≥ ©≥ £¨Ø¥¥•§ °Æ§ ¨©´•¨π °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ 4®• ¥®≤•• ≤••¶ µÆ©¥≥ °≤• ≥•∞°≤°¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ®©ß®•≤ •Æ•≤ßπ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ °≤£®°•Ø£π°¥®≥ °≤• ≤°≤• °Æ§ ÆØ¥ ¥®• ≠°©Æ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ¢µ©¨§•≤≥ ©Æ§©£°¥©Æß ¥®•©≤ £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ §•∞•Æ§•§ ØÆ ¨Ø∑ •Æ•≤ßπ ∑°¥•≤ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ 4®• ≤••¶≥ ß©∂• Æ•∑ ©Æ≥©ß®¥ ©Æ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• 3ص¥® #®©Æ° %°≤¨π #°≠¢≤©°Æ ≤••¶≥ °Æ§ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ ¥®•π °≤• £Ø≠∞°≤°¢¨• ¥Ø Ø¥®•≤ ≥©≠©¨°≤ ≤••¶≥

$•ß≤•• ض £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ ض ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥ ¥°¢µ¨°≤©¥π °£≤Ø≥≥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥£°¨•≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ≠•¥°/§°¥° °Æ°¨π≥©≥

,©¨¨° 4Ø´•≥ 5 -°≤£Ø 0°¥°££© . °Æ§ "©¨¨ -£#°¶¶≤•π .

3 %Ø¥∂Ø≥ ,Ø≤°Æ§ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 0°∫≠°Æπ 0•¥•≤ ≥•¥°Æπ 3T# "µ§°∞•≥¥ (µÆß°≤π . 4µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 5+

¨©¨¨°¥´≥$π°®ØØ £Ø≠

4µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑ £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ∞ØƧ©Æß §µ• ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ≥•°¶¨ØØ≤ ¢°¥®π≠•¥≤π ®°∂• ¨ØÆß ¢••Æ ≤•£ØßÆ©≥•§ °≥ ≠°™Ø≤ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ #Øƶ©Æ•§ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠°Æπ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ∑©¥® °≤•°≥ ≤°Æß©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ /≥ ¥Ø ///≥ ´≠ . /Æ• ض ¥®• ∞©•£•≥ ض •∂©§•Æ£• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©Æ¶•≤ £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ ©≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥ ¥°¢µ¨°≤©¥π+ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥°¢µ¨°≤©¥π ®°≥ ¢••Æ §•≥£≤©¢•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¢•§≥ °Æ§ ¢•§≥•¥≥ ≤°Æß©Æß ©Æ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ / ¥Ø G/ ≠ °Æ§ ©Æ ¨°¥•≤°¨ £ØÆ¥©Æµ©¥π ¶≤Ø≠ G// ≠ ¥Ø / ´≠ 4®• °©≠≥ ض ¥®• ≥¥µ§π °≤• ¥Ø ±µ°Æ¥©¶π ¥°¢µ¨°≤©¥π ©Æ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ °Æ§ §•¥•≤≠©Æ• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ©¥≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ! ≠•¥°)§°¥° °∞∞≤Ø°£® µ≥©Æß ¥®• $••∞)-°≤©Æ• !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• +ÆØ∑¨•§ß• 3¥Ø≤• §°¥° ¢°≥• ®°≥ •Æ°¢¨•§ ´•π °≥∞•£¥≥ ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ∑©§¥® ¨•Æߥ® °≤•° ≥®°∞• ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ¥Ø≤¥µØ≥©¥π ≥¨Ø∞• ≤•¨©•¶ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ •Æ¥≤π ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¢• £°∞¥µ≤•§ )Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥°¢µ¨°≤©¥π ©Æ§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ ∑°≥ £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß Øƨ°∞ ≥¥π¨• ≠µ§£°∞≥ ∞°¨°•Ø¶¨Ø∑ ¶¨Ø∑ §•¶¨•£¥©ØÆ≥ Ø≤ ≤•∂•≤≥°¨≥ ¨°¥•≤°¨ ¶°£©•≥ £®°Æß•≥ •ß ®π¢≤©§ •∂•Æ¥ ¢•§ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ •¶¶•£¥≥ ض £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ ØÆ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ≥µ£® °≥ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≤ص¥©Æß Ø≤ ¨Ø¢• ≥¥°£´©Æß ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ 4°¢µ¨°≤©¥π £°Æ ¢• §•≥£≤©¢•§ ¢π ¥®• £Ø≤≤•¨°¥°¢©¨©¥π ض ¢•§≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ £®°Æß• ض £Ø≤≤•¨°¥•§ ¢•§≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¨Øß≥ 1µ°Æ¥©¶π©Æß ¥°¢µ¨°≤©¥π ¶≤Ø≠ ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ ¨Øß ∞°Æ•¨≥ ®°≥ ©¥≥ ¨©≠©¥°¥©ØÆ≥0 ¥®• §©≥¥°Æ£• ¢•¥∑••Æ ¨Øß≥ ¥®•©≤ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ¥®• ∞≤•£©≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥°≠∞¨• ≥©∫• °≤• Æ•∂•≤ ©§•Æ¥©£°¨ ! ®©ß® £Ø≤≤•¨°¥°¢©¨©¥π C=/P °¥ ¥®• ¢•§ ≥£°¨• Ø∂•≤ §©≥¥°Æ£•≥ C=// ≠ ©≥ ¶ØµÆ§ ©Æ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ∑®•≤• Ø¥®•≤ •∂©§•Æ£• ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ¥®°¥ °¥ ¨•°≥¥ ¥®• ≥°Æ§π ∞°≤¥≥ ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑≥ ∑•≤• ∞ØƧ•§ 4®©£´Æ•≥≥ £®°Æß• ©≥ ¨°≤ß•≤ £¨Ø≥•≤ ¥Ø ° £Øƶ©Æ©Æß ≥¨Ø∞• Ø≤ ∑©¥® ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß §Ø≠©Æ°Æ£• ض ®π¢≤©§ •∂•Æ¥ ¢•§≥ ¢µ¥ °¨≥Ø ©Æ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ض ¨°≤ß•≤ °≤•° 4°¢µ¨°≤ µÆ©¥≥ ض °≠°¨ß°≠°¥•§ ¢•§≥ °≤• °¨≥Ø ≤•ßµ¨°≤¨π °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥+ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®•©≤ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥°¢©¨©¥π °Æ§ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ £®°Æß• ∂°¨µ•≥ §Ø ÆØ¥ •Æ°¢¨• ¥®•©≤ §©≥£≤©≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ µÆ£Øƶ©Æ•§ ¨Ø¢•≥

D/

$•≥£•Æ¥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• 3ÆØ∑¢°¨¨- ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£Ø≤§ ض •Æ¥≤π ©Æ¥Ø #≤πØß•Æ©°Æ ߨ°£©°¥©ØÆ ©Æ $•°¥® 6°¨¨•π. #°¨©¶Ø≤Æ©°

6°Æ§π´ 4*-*  ,• (•≤ØÆ $0 4ض°©¶ 3  °Æ§ !¨© $/ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 2Øπ°¨ (ب¨Ø∑°π 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,ØƧØÆ %ß®°≠ (©¨¨ %ß®°≠ 3µ≤≤•π 47.D D%8 5+

¥®Ø≠°≥ ∂°Æ§π´ .D3*$¨©∂• ≤®µ¨ °£ µ´

4®• #≤πØß•Æ©°Æ 0•≤©Ø§ T<./)DG= -° ∑©¥Æ•≥≥•§ °¥ ¨•°≥¥ ¥∑Ø •∏¥≤•≠• ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨π ߨآ°¨ ߨ°£©°¥©ØÆ≥ ∞Ø∞µ¨°≤¨π ´ÆØ∑Æ °≥ 3ÆØ∑¢°¨¨ %°≤¥® •∂•Æ¥≥ ! ´•π ©≥≥µ• ¶°£©Æß £¨©≠°¥Ø¨Øß©≥¥≥ ¥®• ≠ا•¨¨©Æß £Ø≠≠µÆ©¥π °Æ§ ߕبØß©≥¥≥ °¨©´• ©≥ ®Ø∑ %°≤¥® •Æ¥•≤•§ ¥®•≥• ߨ°£©°¥©ØÆ≥ 5ƶØ≤¥µÆ°¥•¨π ß©∂•Æ ¥®• ¥•Æ§•Æ£π ض ©£• ≥®••¥≥ ¥Ø £°ÆÆ©¢°¨©≥• °Æ§ ≤•∑Ø≤´ ¥®•©≤ µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ض ߨ°£©°¨ ØÆ≥•¥ ®°∂• ≤•≠°©Æ•§ •¨µ≥©∂• 7©¥® ¥®©≥ ©Æ ≠©Æ§ ¥®©≥ ¥°¨´ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ °Æ °∞∞°≤•Æ¥¨π £Ø≠∞¨•¥• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£Ø≤§ ≥∞°ÆÆ©Æß ¥®• ØÆ≥•¥ ض ¥®• #≤πØß•Æ©°Æ ߨ°£©°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 3©¨µ≤©°Æ (©¨¨≥ ض $•°¥® 6°¨¨•π #°¨©¶Ø≤Æ©° )Æ ¥®• 3©¨µ≤©°Æ (©¨¨≥ ∞≤•)ߨ°£©°¨ ≤Ø£´≥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥ ض ≥¥≤°¥©¶©•§ ≠°¥≤©∏)≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥•§ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ ∞°≥≥©Æß µ∞∑°≤§≥ ©Æ¥Ø ≤•£≤π≥¥°¨¨©∫•§ ≥°Æ§π ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ °Æ§ ∞µ≤• ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ•≥ 4®•≥• °≤• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£°¨¨π ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑•§ ¢π ≥πÆ)ߨ°£©°¨ §©°≠©£¥©¥•≥ 4®• ∞≤•)ߨ°£©°¨ ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ °≤• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ©Æ¥•≤£°¨°¥•§ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• Ø≤ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• °Æ§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®• ≥πÆ)ߨ°£©°¨ §©°≠©£¥©¥•≥ ≠•°Æ∑®©¨• °≤• ©Æ¥•≤£°¨°¥•§ ∑©¥® §•¨©£°¥•¨π ¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ ≥©¨¥π ©Æ¥•≤¢•§≥ £ØÆ¥°©Æ©Æß µÆ•±µ©∂Ø£°¨ §≤Ø∞≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∞≤Ø¢°¢¨π §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ° ≥µ¢°±µ•Øµ≥ ¶°Æ ≥•¥¥©Æß ,©≠•≥¥ØÆ•≥ ©≠≠•§©°¥•¨π ¢•Æ•°¥® ¥®• ≥πÆ)ߨ°£©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ £ØÆ¥°©Æ ≥©¨¥π ¨°≠©Æ°• ≤•≠©Æ©≥£•Æ¥ ض ¥®• Ø∂•≤¨π©Æß ≥πÆ)ߨ°£©°¨ ≥©¨¥π ©Æ¥•≤¢•§≥ 4®• £ØÆ¥°£¥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ∞≤•)ߨ°£©°¨ °Æ§ ≥πÆ)ߨ°£©°¨ µÆ©¥≥ ©≥ £ØÆ£Ø≤§°Æ¥ !£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®©≥ £ØÆ¥°£¥ Æ•°≤¨π ∞µ≤• ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ•≥ £ØÆ¥°©Æ©Æß ≤°≤• §©≥≥•≠©Æ°¥•§ £Ø°≤≥• §•¥≤©¥°¨ ±µ°≤¥∫ ∞°≥≥ µ∞∑°≤§≥ ©Æ¥Ø §©¶¶µ≥•¨π ≥¥≤°¥©¶©•§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥•)≠°¥≤©∏ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ °Æ§ µ¨¥©≠°¥•¨π ≠°≥≥©∂• £°≤¢ØÆ°¥•)¶≤•• §©°≠©£¥©¥•≥ 4®•≥• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ °≤• ≥µßß•≥¥©∂• ض ° ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ¢•¥∑••Æ ∞≤•)ߨ°£©°¨ °Æ§ ≥πÆ)ߨ°£©°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ©≠∞¨π©Æß ¥®• ≤•£Ø≤§ ض %°≤¥®I≥ §•≥£•Æ¥ ©Æ¥Ø ߨ°£©°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§

7®π §Ø ≥Ø≠• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ £≤•°¥• µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ∑®©¨• Ø¥®•≤≥ §Ø ÆØ¥&

!ß• ** 6•¨¨©Æß° 5 -°¥¥®©•µ * " #°≤¥©ßÆπ . °Æ§ -©£®°•¨ ! #¨°≤• G

3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• $Ø£´ ß°¥•  3/3 ,:( 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 5+ . 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض $µ≤®°≠ $µ≤®°≠ 5+ , .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 5+

° ™ ∂•¨¨©Æß°$≥Ø¥ØÆ °£ µ´

3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £°ÆπØÆ≥ °≤• ≠°™Ø≤ £ØƧµ©¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥Ø ¢• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥®•¨∂•≥ ¥Ø ¥®• §••∞ ≠°≤©Æ• 4µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ °≤• ¥®• ≠°©Æ ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®•≥• ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £°ÆπØÆ≥ $µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ≥≠°¨¨ §•Æ≥©¥π £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ °≠¢©•Æ¥ ≥•°∑°¥•≤ ≠°Æπ ض ¥®•≥• £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ °≤• ∞≤ØÆ• ¥Ø ¢• ©Æ ¥®• ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ≤•ß©≠• )Æ Ø∞•Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥®©≥ ¨•°§≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ≥µ£® °≥ °Æ¥©§µÆ•≥ °Æ§ £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ 4µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ £°Æ ≥©≠©¨°≤¨π £≤•°¥• µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ∑®©£® °≤• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ≠°Æπ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £°ÆπØÆ≥+ ¢µ¥ ÆØ¥ ©Æ °¨¨ ض ¥®•≠ (•≤• µ≥©Æß ° ÆØ∂•¨ §•∞¥®)≤•≥ب∂•§ Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≠ا•¨ ∑• •∏∞¨Ø≤• ¥®• ∞®π≥©£°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ µ∞≥¨Ø∞• ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ 7®π §Ø ≥Ø≠• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ £≤•°¥• µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤≥ §Ø ÆØ¥; ! ≥•≤©•≥ ض ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥® §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ©Æ©¥©°¨ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶¨Ø∑ ∂•¨Ø£©¥©•≥ °Æ§ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥•≥ °≤• ≥©≠µ¨°¥•§ µ≥©Æß ° £Ø≠∞µ¥°¥©ØÆ°¨ ¶¨µ©§) §πÆ°≠©£≥ ≠ا•¨ 4®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¢•§ ©Æ©¥©°¨¨π ∑©¥® ° ≤°Æ§Ø≠ ≤µßØ≥©¥π ©≥ ¶≤•• ¥Ø ¢• ≤•∑Ø≤´•§ ¢π ¥®• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ .•©¥®•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ ¶¨Ø∑ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ÆØ≤ ¶¨Ø∑ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π °∞∞•°≤ ¥Ø ¢• ° ßØا ∞≤•§©£¥Ø≤ ØÆ ∑®•¥®•≤ µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °≤• £≤•°¥•§ ¢π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ &≤ص§• Ƶ≠¢•≤≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ µ≥•§ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ∑®•¥®•≤ Ø∞•Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ∑©¨¨ £≤•°¥• µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ 4®• §•Æ≥©≠•¥≤©£ &≤ص§• Ƶ≠¢•≤ ©Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ °∞∞•°≤≥ ¥Ø ¢• µÆ°¢¨• ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ∑®©£® ¶¨Ø∑≥ £≤•°¥• ¥®•≥• µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ 7• ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≠©∏©Æß ©Æ¥•Æ≥©¥π °≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ¥®• ß≤°§©•Æ¥ 2©£®°≤§≥ØÆ Æµ≠¢•≤ ©≥ ° ´•π £ØÆ¥≤ب ¥Ø ¶Ø≤ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ /µ≤ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ £°≤• ≥®Øµ¨§ ¢• ¥°´•Æ ∑®•Æ °∞∞¨π©Æß §•∞¥®)°∂•≤°ß• Ø≤ Ø∞•Æ) £®°ÆÆ•¨)¢°≥•§ ≠ا•¨≥ ¥Ø µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ ¢π ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §•Æ≥©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥

D

!≤• ߨ•Æ§ØÆ©¥•≥ ≤•¨©°¢¨• ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤≥ ض £Ø¨§ £¨©≠°¥•≥& %∂©§•Æ£• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•©≤ ∞°≤°ß•Æ•≥©≥

-°§•¨•©Æ• 6©£´•≤≥ 5 '≤•ßØ≤π 0≤©£•  -°¥¥®•∑ 7°¥´©Æ≥ØÆ  °Æ§ 2®Ø§≤© *•≤≤•¥¥ .

3 3£®Øب ض '•Øß≤°∞®π %°≤¥® E %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 0¨π≠ص¥® 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π $≤°´• #©≤£µ≥ 0¨π≠ص¥® 0, @!! 5 + . 3£®Øب ض !¥≠Ø≥∞®•≤©£ %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ .  7©¨¨©°≠≥ØÆ "µ©¨§©Æß /∏¶Ø≤§ 2Ø°§ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5 +

≠°§•¨•©Æ• ∂©£´•≤≥$∞¨π≠ص¥® °£ µ´

'¨•Æ§ØÆ©¥•≥ °≤• £°¨£©¥• ∞≥•µ§Ø≠Ø≤∞®≥ °¶¥•≤ ¥®• ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ©´°©¥• °Æ§ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ¶ØµÆ§ ©Æ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ߕبØß©£°¨ ¥©≠• )´°©¥• ©≥ ° ≠•¥°≥¥°¢¨• ®π§≤°¥•§ ¶Ø≤≠ ض £°¨£©µ≠ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ∑®©£® ©≥ Øƨπ ≥¥°¢¨• µÆ§•≤ ≥∞•£©¶©£ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥0 ¢•¥∑••Æ ). °Æ§ f= \# °Æ§ ∑©¥® ®©ß® °¨´°¨©Æ©¥π °Æ§ ∞®Ø≥∞®°¥• £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ '¨•Æ§ØÆ©¥•≥ °≤• ض¥•Æ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® £Ø¨§ £¨©≠°¥•≥ §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ≥¥≤ØÆß ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ©´°©¥• ß≤Ø∑¥® °Æ§ ¥®• £Ø©Æ£©§•Æ£• ©Æ ¥®• ߕبØß©£°¨ ≤•£Ø≤§ ∑©¥® •∞©≥ا•≥ ض ߨآ°¨ £Øب©Æß •ß +•≠∞•≤ -< '¨•Æ§ØÆ©¥•≥ °≤• ¶ØµÆ§ ©Æ ¥®• ,Ø∑•≤ #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ØÆ 3∞©¥≥¢•≤ß•Æ $µ≤©Æß ¥®• %°≤¨π #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ 3∞©¥≥¢•≤ß•Æ ∑°≥ °¥ ° ∞°¨°•Ø¨°¥©¥µ§• ض T D/\. °Æ§ ∑°≥ ∞°≤¥ ض ° ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ •∞©£ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥•° ¥®°¥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• -•≥Ø∫Ø©£ °≥ !¥¨°Æ¥©£ ≤©¶¥©Æß ∞≤Ø∞°ß°¥•§ ÆØ≤¥®∑°≤§≥ 4®• ߨ•Æ§ØÆ©¥• ®Ø≤©∫ØÆ≥ °≤• ¶ØµÆ§ ©Æ ¥®• 5∞∞•≤ (°µ¥•≤©∂©°Æ °Æ§ 5∞∞•≤ !∞¥©°Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ £Ø©Æ£©§•Æ¥ ∑©¥® ° ߨآ°¨ £Øب©Æß •∂•Æ¥ ∑®©£® ≥∞°ÆÆ•§ ¥®• !∞¥©°Æ)!¨¢©°Æ ¢ØµÆ§°≤π ¢µ¥ ∞Ø≥¥)§°¥©Æß ¥®• 6°¨°Æß©Æ©°Æ £Øب©Æß •∂•Æ¥  7•©≥≥•≤¥ %∂•Æ¥  )Æ ¢Ø¥® £°≥•≥ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ߨ•Æ§ØÆ©¥•) ¢•°≤©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ∑•≤• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ض¶≥®Ø≤• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ• °¨¥®Øµß® ¥®• ߨ•Æ§ØÆ©¥•≥ ≠°π ¢• ¶ØµÆ§ ©Æ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¶°£©•≥ 0•¥≤بØß©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ߨ•Æ§ØÆ©¥• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ≤•∂•°¨•§ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ∞®°≥•≥ ض ß≤Ø∑¥® ∑©¥® •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ Ø≥£©¨¨°¥©Æß £®•≠©£°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ 4Øß•¥®•≤ ¥®©≥ •∂©§•Æ£• ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ¥®°¥ ¨Ø£°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ≠°π ®°∂• ° ≥¥≤ØÆß•≤ £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¥®•©≤ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ¥®°Æ ߨآ°¨ £¨©≠°¥• 7• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° Æ•∑ ≠ا•¨ ¶Ø≤ ©´°©¥• ß≤Ø∑¥® °Æ§ ≥¨Ø∑ ¥≤°Æ≥¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ߨ•Æ§ØÆ©¥• ©Æ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ∑®©£® ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ° ≠Ø≤• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≥µ©¥• ض §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ¥≤°Æ≥¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°Æ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ≠ا•¨¨•§ &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ∑• £≤©¥©£°¨¨π °≥≥•≥≥ ∑®•¥®•≤ ≥µ£® ∞≥•µ§Ø≠Ø≤∞®≥ °¶¥•≤ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ©´°©¥• ≠°π ¢• ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤≥ ض ∞°≥¥ £Ø¨§ ∑°¥•≤ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ •∂©§•Æ£• ¶≤Ø≠ £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ∞•¥≤بØß©£°¨ °Æ§ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥

&≤Ø≠ ≤©¶¥©Æß ¥Ø Ø≤Øß•Æπ> µ≥©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø µÆ¨Ø£´ ¥®• ≥•£≤•¥≥ ض ¥®• '≤•°¥•≤ #°µ£°≥µ≥

3¥•∞®•Æ ** 6©Æ£•Æ¥ 5 *°≠•≥ 2 -°πÆ°≤§ . 6¨°§©≠©≤ ! ,°∂≤©≥®£®•∂ G °Æ§ -•¨©≥• (°≤¨°Æ§ J

3 #!30 3@3° (µÆ¥©ÆߧØÆ 2Ø°§ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". +(& 5+ . %∏∏ØÆ-Ø¢©¨ )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ,¥§  %≤≠πÆ 7°π ,•°¥®•≤®•°§ 3µ≤≤•π +4.. @58 5+ , +°∂´°∫ߕب≥L•≠´° 5¨ +©≥¨Ø∂ا≥´°π° .D, 9•≥≥•Æ¥µ´© 2µ≥≥©°  '•¥•£® +©¥≥ØÆ (ص≥• %¨≠•¥• ,°Æ• ,••§≥ ,3@ .,* 5+

≥¥•∞®•Æ ∂©Æ£•Æ¥$£°≥∞ £°≠ °£ µ´

4®• ∑•≥¥•≤Æ '≤•°¥•≤ #°µ£°≥µ≥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ ¢π ¥®• ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ ©Æ∂•≤≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ∑•≥¥•≤Æ ≥¥≤°Æ§ ض ¥®• '≤•°¥•≤ #°µ£°≥µ≥ "°≥©Æ ° -•≥Ø∫Ø©£ ≤©¶¥ ¥®°¥ Ø∞•Æ•§ °¥ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ,°µ≤°≥©° &°£©•≥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ®°≥ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ¶°µ¨¥)¢ØµÆ§•§ ≤•ß©ØÆ≥ ض ¢°≥©Æ°¨ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥©£ °Æ§ ®•≠©∞•¨°ß©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ 4®•≥• °≤• ¶¨°Æ´•§ ¢π °≤•°≥ ض ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ÆØ≤¥® °Æ§ ≥ص¥® 3µ¢≥©§•Æ£• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¨©¥®Ø¨Øßπ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °Æ§ ∞°¨°•Ø∑°¥•≤ §•∞¥® §°¥° ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≠°©Æ ∞®°≥• ض ≤©¶¥©Æß Ø££µ≤≤•§ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• !°¨•Æ©°Æ ¥Ø "°™Ø£©°Æ ≥πÆ£®≤ØÆص≥ ∑©¥® ¥®°¥ ©Æ ¥®• •°≥¥•≤Æ !¨¢Ø≤∫ °Æ§ ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨π ¥®• 3ص¥® #°≥∞©°Æ "°≥©Æ 3•£ØƧ°≤π •∞©≥ا•≥ ض ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ¨°¥• 4©¥®ØÆ©°Æ ¥Ø "•≤≤©°≥©°Æ °Æ§ (°µ¥•≤©∂©°Æ ¥Ø •°≤¨π !∞¥©°Æ °≤• ¥•Æ¥°¥©∂•¨π ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ©Æ©¥©°¨ ≤©¶¥©Æß ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ∑•≥¥•≤Æ °Æ§ ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨π •°≥¥•≤Æ "¨°£´ 3•° °Æ§ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ¨°¥• #°≠∞°Æ©°Æ ¥Ø $°Æ©°Æ ¥Ø ¥®• Ø∞•Æ©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• •°≥¥•≤Æ "¨°£´ 3•° )Æ©¥©°¨ µ∞¨©¶¥ ≥µ¢°•≤©°¨ •∏∞Ø≥µ≤• °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §•≤©∂°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ∑•≥¥•≤Æ '≤•°¥•≤ #°µ£°≥µ≥ Ø££µ≤≤•§ °¥ ¥®• %Ø£•Æ•)/¨©ßØ£•Æ• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ /¨©ßØ£•Æ• °Æ§ πصÆß•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠•≤ ¢°≥©Æ ∑•≤• §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ©Æ∂•≤¥©Æß ¢°≥©Æ °Æ§ µ∞¨©¶¥•§ ∞°≤¥≥ ض ©¥≥ ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ ©Æ§©£°¥©Æß ¥®°¥ ¥®• ∑•≥¥•≤Æ '≤•°¥•≤ #°µ£°≥µ≥ "°≥©Æ ®°§ £¨Ø≥•§ ¢π ¥®©≥ ¥©≠• 4®• ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥ ≤©¶¥ ¶¨°Æ´≥ ∑•≤• £ØÆ∂•≤¥•§ ¥Ø ¶¨•∏µ≤°¨ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ¥®°¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ¥®©£´ ¥π∞©£°¨¨π ®•≠©∞•¨°ß©£ °Æ§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• •°≤¨π µÆ§•≤¶©¨¨•§ ≥¥°ß• ض ¥®•©≤ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ! ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ£• ض ∞ب¨•Æ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥©Æß ° ≠ØÆ¥°Æ• ¶Ø≤•≥¥ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π 0©Æ°£•°Æ ∞ب¨•Æ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®•≥• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• µ∞¨©¶¥©Æß #°µ£°≥©°Æ ®©Æ¥•≤¨°Æ§ ®°§ ° ∞°¨•Ø°¨¥©¥µ§• ض °≤صƧ . ´≠ ¶≤Ø≠ %°≤¨π /¨©ßØ£•Æ• ¥©≠• 4®• £¨Ø≥µ≤• ض ¥®• ∑•≥¥•≤Æ '≤•°¥•≤ #°µ£°≥µ≥ "°≥©Æ °Æ§ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ µ∞¨©¶¥ ض ¥®• ≤°Æß• °¥ £ GJ -° ©≥ •°≤¨©•≤ ¥®°Æ ≥¥°¥•§ ©Æ ≠°Æπ ≥¥µ§©•≥ °Æ§ Æ••§≥ ¥Ø ¢• ©Æ£Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥•§ ©Æ¥Ø ߕاπÆ°≠©£ ≠ا•¨≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• !≤°¢©°)%µ≤°≥©° ≤•ß©ØÆ

D.

!≤• ¨°Æ§≥£°∞•≥ ¢µ¶¶•≤•§ ¥Ø ®©ß®/¶≤•±µ•Æ£π £¨©≠°¥• £®°Æß•& ! £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏•≥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∂بµ≠•≥ ©Æ ¥®• #Ø≤©Æ¥® ≤©¶¥. £•Æ¥≤°¨ '≤••£•. Ø∂•≤ ¥®• ∞°≥¥ 5:E ´π≤≥

3¥•∞®•Æ %* 7°¥´©Æ≥ 5 !¨•∏°Æ§•≤ # 7®©¥¥°´•≤  2•¢•££° % "•¨¨  ,©≥° # -£.•©¨¨ . 2Ø¢•≤¥ , '°∑¥®Ø≤∞• G

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• E •Æß©Æ••≤©Æß )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ 37 .!: 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠ . /£•°Æ °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3/3 ,:( , $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض "•≤ß•Æ !¨¨œß°¥•Æ 3 2DD "•≤ß•Æ .Ø≤∑°π

≥¥•∞®•Æ ∑°¥´©Æ≥3D$©≠∞•≤©°¨ °£ µ´

3•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π ©≥ ° ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•£Ø≤§ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ° ´•π ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ ©≥ ¥®• •∏¥•Æ¥ ¥Ø ∑®©£® ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥• °¶¶•£¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏•≥ ©Æ ¥©≠• °Æ§ ≥∞°£• 4Ø °§§≤•≥≥ ¥®©≥ ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ •≥¥©≠°¥•≥ ض ¶¨µ∏•≥ ≠µ≥¥ ¢• £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ∑©¥® ≠•°≥µ≤•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∂بµ≠•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ° £¨Ø≥•§ ¢°≥©Æ ¶Ø≤ ∑®©£® ¥®• ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥©£ ¢ØµÆ§°≤π £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ 4®• #Ø≤©Æ¥® ≤©¶¥ '≤••£• ©≥ ØÆ• ض ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ °£¥©∂•¨π •∏¥•Æ§©Æß ¢°≥©Æ≥ ØÆ %°≤¥® ∑©¥® ≠ا•≤Æ §°π •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ ض µ∞ ¥Ø = ≠≠Mπ≤ 4®• 'µ¨¶ ض #Ø≤©Æ¥® ©≥ ° £¨Ø≥•§ ≥π≥¥•≠ °Æ§ ®°≥ ∞•≤©Ø§©£°¨¨π ¢•£Ø≠• ° ¨°´• §µ≤©Æß ≠°≤©Æ• ¨Ø∑≥¥°Æ§≥ Ø∂•≤ ¥®• ¨°¥• 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• 7• •≥¥©≠°¥•§ ≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏•≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥©≠• ¶Ø≤ ≤©∂•≤≥ §≤°©Æ©Æß ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• 'µ¨¶ ض #Ø≤©Æ¥® µ≥©Æß °Æ •≠∞©≤©£°¨¨π)§•≤©∂•§ "1!24 ≠•¥®Ø§ 7Ø≤¨§#¨©≠ £¨©≠°¥• §°¥° ∞°¨°•Ø£¨©≠°¥• ≠ا•¨≥ °Æ§ ∞°¨°•Ø£¨©≠°¥• ∞≤Ø∏©•≥ ∑•≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø •≥¥©≠°¥• §©≥£®°≤ß•≥ °Æ§ ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤•≥ Ø∂•≤ ¥®• ¨°≥¥ G/ ´π 7• µ≥•§ ®©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ .$ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≥µ≤∂•π≥ ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥ ¥®≤•• ≥•©≥≠©£ µÆ©¥≥ Ø∂•≤ ¥®©≥ ∞•≤©Ø§ °Æ§ ∑• µ≥•§ ¥®©≥ §°¥° ¥Ø §•≤©∂• ©Æ§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ ¥©≠• ≥•≤©•≥ ض ¢°≥©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ∂بµ≠•≥ ¥Ø £Ø≠∞°≤• ∑©¥® ص≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©Æ∞µ¥ ¶¨µ∏ •≥¥©≠°¥•≥ /µ≤ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ∞≤•§©£¥ ¥Ø¥°¨ (بأ•Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏•≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• #Ø≤©Æ¥® 'µ¨¶ ض ./ ´≠ G ∑©¥®©Æ ° ¶°£¥Ø≤ ض . ض ¥®• ≠•°≥µ≤•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∂بµ≠• ©Æ ¥®• £•Æ¥≤°¨ §•∞Ø£•Æ¥≤•≥ Ø∂•≤ ¥®©≥ ¥©≠•≥£°¨• 3•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏•≥ ∂°≤π ≥∞°¥©°¨¨π °≤صƧ ¥®• 'µ¨¶ ¢µ¥ ©≠∞¨π £°¥£®≠•Æ¥)°∂•≤°ß•§ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ ض /. ¥Ø /J ≠≠Mπ≤ -Ø≤•Ø∂•≤ "1!24 ∞≤•§©£¥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏•≥ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥• ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ¢Ø¥® ©Æ§©£°¥• ° .=P ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ¨°≥¥ ߨ°£©°¨ ∞•≤©Ø§ £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ¥®• (بأ•Æ• !¥ ¥®• ¨°≥¥ ߨ°£©°¨ ≠°∏©≠µ≠ ≠•°Æ °ÆƵ°¨ ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤•≥ ∑•≤• ¨Ø∑•≤ ¢π = §•ß≤••≥ °¨¥®Øµß® ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ≥©≠©¨°≤ Ø≤ ¨Ø∑•≤ ¥®°Æ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ #ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π ص≤ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• ¥®°¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ •∏∞Ø≤¥ ¥Ø ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ©≥ ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂• ¥Ø ߨ°£©°¨)©Æ¥•≤ߨ°£©°¨ £π£¨•≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥©ØÆ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ¥≥ °¨ØÆ• °≤• ©Æ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∏ ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂©¥π ¥Ø £¨©≠°¥• £®°Æß•

3•°≤£®©Æß ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≥ص≤£• ض %°≤¨π #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ £¨°≥¥©£ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• -©§§¨• %°≥¥

-°≤¥©Æ 7•¨¨≥ 5 !Ƨπ -Ø≤¥ØÆ .G  °Æ§ $©≤´ &≤•© J=

3 "0 #®•≤¥≥•π 2Ø°§ 3µÆ¢µ≤πAØÆA4®°≠•≥ -©§§¨•≥•∏ 473*  ,. 5+ . (- 2•≥•°≤£® !≥≥Ø£©°¥•≥ '©§§°Æ≠µ -µ≥≥•¨∑©£´ 2Ø°§ 3¥ )≥®≠°•¨≥ 0•≠¢≤Ø´•≥®©≤• 3!*. ,4* 5+ , #!30 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• 3@3° (µÆ¥©Æ§ØÆ 2Ø°§ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #", D$( 5+  $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 3¥•¨¨•Æ¢Ø≥£® 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 0≤©∂°¥• "°ß 83 *D. -°¥©•¨°Æ§ 3ص¥® !¶≤©£° 2 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ¥®• 7•≥¥•≤Æ #°∞• 0≤©∂°¥• "°ß 83 2,D "•¨¨∂©¨¨• 3ص¥® !¶≤©£°

≠°≤¥©Æ ∑•¨¨≥.$µ´ ¢∞ £Ø≠

3Ø≠• ض ¥®• ∑Ø≤¨§I≥ ¨°≤ß•≥¥ Ø©¨ ¶©•¨§≥ °≤• ¨Ø£°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• -©§§¨• %°≥¥ ∑©¥® ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ©Æ %°≤¨π #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ £¨°≥¥©£≥ 4®•≥• (°µ¥•≤©∂©°Æ)!¨¢©°Æ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ °≤• ∑Ø≤¨§ £¨°≥≥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ض¥•Æ £ØÆ¥°©Æ©Æß /≥ ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ¢°≤≤•¨≥ ض Ø©¨ ©Æ©¥©°¨¨π ©Æ ∞¨°£• 4®•π £Ø≠∞≤©≥• ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• T./ ≠ ¥®©£´ ∞°π ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ¥®°¥c≥ °¢Øµ¥ ¥®• ®•©ß®¥ ض ¥®• ,ØƧØÆ %π• ض µ∞ ¥Ø -/P Æ•¥ ¥Ø ß≤Ø≥≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ÆØÆ)≠°≤©Æ• ¥Ø ∞°≤°¨©£ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ØÆ ° ∂•≤π ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ß≤°§©•Æ¥ ∞°≥≥©∂• ≠°≤ß©Æ ≤°≠∞ !∞°≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• %°≤¨π #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ £¨°≥¥©£ ©Æ¶¨µ∏ ¥®• ∞°¨°•Ø)•±µ°¥Ø≤©°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ ∑°≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• -•≥Ø∫Ø©£ "π ¥®• ¥©≠• ض ¥®• %°≤¨π #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ £¨°≥¥©£ ©Æ¶¨µ∏ ¥®• 0≤Ø¥•≤Ø∫Ø©£ 0°Æ !¶≤©£°Æ -صƥ°©Æ≥ °Æ§ (•≤£πÆ©°Æ µ∞¨©¶¥≥ ®°§ ¨©´•¨π ¢••Æ ≤•§µ£•§ ¥Ø ° ¨Ø∑)¨π©Æß ®©Æ¥•≤¨°Æ§ 4®• ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ ≤•≠°©Æ≥ ∑®•≤• §©§ °¨¨ ¥®©≥ #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ £¨°≥¥©£ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ £Ø≠• ¶≤Ø≠ °Æ§ ∑®°¥ £°µ≥•§ ¥®• ≥µ§§•Æ ©Æ¶¨µ∏; (•°∂π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ °Æ§ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ∫©≤£ØÆ ß•Ø£®≤ØÆبØßπ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥µ∞•≤ß©°Æ¥ 2µ≠°©¨° ¶©•¨§ ©Æ ≥ص¥®•°≥¥ )≤°± ∑°≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©Æ¶•≤ °Æ !≤°¢©°Æ 3®©•¨§ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ∑• ∞Ø≥¥µ¨°¥• ¥®°¥ %°≤¨π #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ ≠°Æ¥¨•)∞¨µ≠•)≤•¨°¥•§ µ∞¨©¶¥ ©Æ ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ !≤°¢©°Æ 3®©•¨§ ∑°≥ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢¨• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• £¨°≥¥©£ ©Æ¶¨µ∏ 4®•≥• ¶©Æ§©Æß≥ ®°∂• ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ÆØ¥ Øƨπ ¶Ø≤ •Æ®°Æ£©Æß ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ߕبØß©£°¨ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¢µ¥ °¨≥Ø ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤)≥£°¨• ߕبØß©£°¨ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®°¥ ©≠∞°£¥≥ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ≤•£Ø∂•≤π ض ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≤•≥ص≤£•≥ ©Æ ¥®• -©§§¨• %°≥¥

DG

7®π °≤• ¥®• (©ß®¨°Æ§≥ ®©ß®& #•ÆØ∫Ø©£ µ∞¨©¶¥ °Æ§ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ ©Æ 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§* -°≤´ 7©¨´©Æ≥ØÆ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® '≤°Æ¥ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• 4®• +©ÆßP≥ "µ©¨§©Æß≥ *°≠•≥ (µ¥¥ØÆ 2Ø°§ %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(+ ,&%

≠°≤´ ∑©¨´©Æ≥ØÆ$•§ °£ µ´

4®• 3£Ø¥¥©≥® (©ß®¨°Æ§≥ ≤©≥• ¥Ø £ =//≠ °¢Ø∂• ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ 2©∂°¨ ©§•°≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• Ø≤©ß©Æ ض ¥®• ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ©Æ£¨µ§• ¥®°¥ ©¥ ©≥ ° ≤•¨©£ ض ¥®• µ∞¨©¶¥•§ °Æ§ •≤ا•§ #°¨•§ØÆ©°Æ -صƥ°©Æ £®°©Æ ض ,Ø∑•≤ 0°¨°•Ø∫Ø©£ °ß•+ Ø≤ ¥®°¥ °¨¨ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥)§°π ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ µ∞¨©¶¥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• Ø∞•Æ©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ !¥¨°Æ¥©£ /£•°Æ ©Æ ¥®• 0°¨°•Ø£•Æ• ≥£µ¨∞¥•§ ¢π ¥®• 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• ߨ°£©°¥©ØÆ !¨¥®Øµß® °¨≠Ø≥¥ °¨¨ ض ¥®• •∏∞Ø≥•§ ≤Ø£´≥ ©Æ ¥®• (©ß®¨°Æ§≥ °≤• ¥Ø§°π ض $•∂ØÆ©°Æ Ø≤ ب§•≤ °ß• ¥®•≤• °≤• -•≥Ø∫Ø©£ ®°¨¶)ß≤°¢•Æ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ¢Ø¥® ¥®• •°≥¥ °Æ§ ∑•≥¥ ض ¥®• °≤•° ¥®• )ÆÆ•≤ (•¢≤©§•≥ °Æ§ ¥®• -Ø≤°π &©≤¥® M .Ø≤¥® 3•° 4®©≥ ®°≥ ≥µßß•≥¥•§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• (©ß®¨°Æ§≥ ∑•≤• °¨≥Ø ØÆ£• ¥®• ≥©¥• ض -•≥Ø∫Ø©£ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ÆØ∑ •≤ا•§ °∑°π °Æ ©§•° ∞•≤®°∞≥ ¶©≤≥¥ £®°≠∞©ØÆ•§ ¢π *7 *µ§§ ©Æ < -ا•≤Æ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض °∞°¥©¥• ¶©≥≥©ØÆ ¥≤°£´ §°¥° ®°≥ ¢••Æ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ¥®©≥ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ ©≠∞¨π©Æß ≥µ¢≥¥°Æ¥©°¨ ∞Ø≥¥)-•≥Ø∫Ø©£ µ∞¨©¶¥ 4Ø ±µ°Æ¥©¶π ∞Ø≥¥)-•≥Ø∫Ø©£ µ∞¨©¶¥ ¥®• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ض ≤Ø£´ •≤ا•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• (©ß®¨°Æ§≥ ©≥ £°¨£µ¨°¥•§ ¢π ¢°¨°Æ£©Æß ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∂بµ≠•≥ ©Æ ≥µ≤≤صƧ©Æß ¢°≥©Æ≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• ∞°¨°•Ø)≥µ≤¶°£• °≤•° ض ¥®• (©ß®¨°Æ§≥ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ¥Ø •≤Ø≥©ØÆ 4®©≥ ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ¥®°¥ ° £ ./// W .J// ≠ °∂•≤°ß• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ض ≤Ø£´ ∫•≤Ø ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ®°≥ ¢••Æ •≤ا•§ ©Æ ¥®• #•ÆØ∫Ø©£ !≥≥µ≠©Æß ¥®• ∑•¨¨)§Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ £®°Æß• ¶≤Ø≠ ≥°Æ§)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0°¨•Ø£•Æ• °Æ§ %Ø£•Æ• ¥Ø ¨°¥•≤ ≠µ§)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °≥ ° £®°Æß• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• •≤Ø≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥Ø ¥®• •≤Ø≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠•¥°≠Ø≤∞®©£ ¢°≥•≠•Æ¥ ¥®•Æ -// W .J// ≠ °∂•≤°ß• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ض £¨°≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ∑°≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °¥ ¥®• ≥¥°≤¥ ض ¥®• #•ÆØ∫Ø©£ ∞¨µ≥ °Æπ Ø∂•≤¨π©Æß #®°¨´ )¥ ©≥ ≥µßß•≥¥•§ ¥®°¥ ¥®©≥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π •≤ا•§ °∑°π §µ• ¥Ø µ∞¨©¶¥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• Ø∞•Æ©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® !¥¨°Æ¥©£ "•¶Ø≤• ¥®•Æ ¥®• (©ß®¨°Æ§≥ ≠°π ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≠µ£® ¨©´• ¥®• )ÆÆ•≤ (•¢≤©§•≥ °¥ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ §°π ) °Æ °≤•° ض ®°¨¶)ß≤°¢•Æ ¶©¨¨•§ ∑©¥® -•≥Ø∫Ø©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥

"©Ø¶©¨≠ Ø≤©ß©Æ ض £¨°π/£Ø°¥•§ ≥°Æ§ ß≤°©Æ≥ ,µ´• ** 7Øب§≤©§ß•  2©£®°≤§ ( 7Ø≤§•Æ *Ø≥®µ° '≤©¶¶©¥®≥ !Ƶ 4®Ø≠∞≥ØÆ *°≠•≥ % 5¥¨•π 2Ø¢•≤¥ ! $µ¨¨•≤ $©°ß•Æ•≥©≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® /£•°Æ °Æ§ %£Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,©∂•≤∞Øب 5+

¨µ´• ∑Øب§≤©§ß•$¨©∂•≤∞Øب °£ µ´

#¨°π)£Ø°¥•§ ≥°Æ§ ß≤°©Æ≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ∑©§•¨π ≤•∞Ø≤¥•§ ¥Ø ¢• ØÆ• ض ¥®• ≠°©Æ £°µ≥•≥ ض °ÆØ≠°¨Øµ≥¨π ®©ß® ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ©Æ §••∞¨π ¢µ≤©•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ 0Ø≥¥ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ¥®• ≠°™Ø≤ £°µ≥• ¶Ø≤ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π) °Æ§ ∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥π)¨Ø≥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ §••∞¨π ¢µ≤©•§ £¨°≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©≥ ¥®• ß≤Ø∑¥® ض ±µ°≤¥∫ £•≠•Æ¥≥ #¨°π)£Ø°¥•§ ≥°Æ§ ß≤°©Æ≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥ ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞≤©≠°≤π ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• ©Æ®©¢©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®©≥ ÆØ≤≠°¨¨π)§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π)Ø££¨µ§©Æß ±µ°≤¥∫ £•≠•Æ¥ $•≥∞©¥• ¥®•©≤ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ£• ¥®• Ø≤©ß©Æ ض £¨°π)£Ø°¥•§ ≥°Æ§ ß≤°©Æ≥ ≤•≠°©Æ≥ °≠¢©ßµØµ≥ °Æ§ ©≥ ° ´•π ©Æ®©¢©¥©Æß ¶°£¥Ø≤ ©Æ °¥¥•≠∞¥≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ° ∞≤•§©£¥©∂• £°∞°¢©¨©¥π 4®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ °§Ø∞¥•§ ° ®©ß® ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ°¨Øßµ• ≠•¥®Ø§Ø¨Øßπ ¶Ø£µ≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• 2°∂•Æߨ°≥≥ %≥¥µ°≤π 5+ 4®• ≥¥µ§π ©Æ∂ب∂•§ ®©ß® ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≥µ≤¶°£• °Æ§ £Ø≤• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °Æ§ ¢©Ø¨Øß©£°¨ §°¥° ≥•¥≥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ° ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¥Ø ≠°≤©Æ• ¥≤°Æ≥•£¥ ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ !Æ°¨π¥©£°¨ ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ ©Æ∂ب∂•§ ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶©•¨§∑Ø≤´ ≥£°ÆÆ©Æß •¨•£¥≤ØÆ ≠©£≤Ø≥£Ø∞π •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ≥£°ÆÆ©Æß •¨•£¥≤ØÆ ≠©£≤Ø≥£Ø∞π °µ¥Ø≠°¥•§ 3%-)%$3 ≠©Æ•≤°¨Øßπ ¢©Ø≠°≤´•≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ £°≤¢Ø®π§≤°¥• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ °Æ§ 2°≠°Æ ≥∞•£¥≤Ø≥£Ø∞π 4®©≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ®°≥ ∞≤اµ£•§ µÆ©±µ•¨π §•¥°©¨•§ ≠°∞≥ ض ¥®• ≥∞°¥©°¨ °Æ§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £¨°π)£Ø°¥•§ ≥°Æ§ ß≤°©Æ≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π °Æ§ ¢©Ø¶©¨≠ °¢µÆ§°Æ£• ∑®©£® £°Æ ¢• °∞∞¨©•§ ¥Ø ®•¨∞ ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £¨°π)£Ø°¥•§ ß≤°©Æ≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• 4®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ ®°≥ °¨≥Ø ∞¨°£•§ ≥∞•£©¶©£ ¶Ø£µ≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠ ض £¨°π £Ø°¥ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¶µ≤¥®•≤ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ∞≤•§©£¥©∂• ≠ا•¨≥ °Æ§ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ¥®• £Øƶ©Æ•§ ß•Øß≤°∞®©£°¨ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £®¨Ø≤©¥• £¨°π)£Ø°¥•§ ≥°Æ§ ß≤°©Æ≥ (•≤• ∑• ≤•∞Ø≤¥ ¥®°¥ £¨°π)£Ø°¥•§ ≥°Æ§ ß≤°©Æ≥ ∞≤©≠°≤©¨π §•≤©∂• ¶≤Ø≠ ° ¢©Ø¶©¨≠ ≠•§©°¥•§ ≠•¥®Ø§ ض ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ≠ا•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 4®©≥ ¢©Ø¨Øß©£°¨)≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ ≤•∂بµ¥©ØÆ©≥•≥ ¥®• µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• Ø≤©ß©Æ °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £¨°π)£Ø°¥•§ ≥°Æ§ ß≤°©Æ≥ ©Æ §••∞¨π ¢µ≤©•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥

DJ

5Æ≤°∂•¨¨©Æß ¥®• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ¶°µ¨¥/°≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥- •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• "•Æ©£ª≥≥©≠ ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ°¨Øßµ• G-°•≥¥≤°¥ ¢°≥©Æ. % 3∞°©ÆH

3®µ±©Æß 9°Ø 5 %Æ≤©±µ• 'Ø≠•∫)2©∂°≥  *Ø®Æ (Ø∑•¨¨  *µ°Æ $©•ßØ -°≤¥fiÆ)-°≤¥fiÆ .

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ E 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ 3£®Øب ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ +©ÆßP≥ #ب¨•ß• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ !¢•≤§••Æ !". ,5% 5+ . $•∞°≤¥°≠•Æ¥ §• '•Ø±µfi≠©£° 0•¥≤بØß©° © 0≤Ø≥∞•££©ı '•Ø¨Øß©£° 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥°¥ §• "°≤£•¨ØÆ° -°≤¥fi © &≤°Æ±µœ≥ ≥TÆ D@D.@ "°≤£•¨ØÆ° 3∞°©Æ

≥®µ±©Æß π°Ø$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

&°µ¨¥)°≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ®π§≤Ø¥®•≤≠°¨ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥• ¢Ø§©•≥ (4$ °≤• ° ´•π £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ض §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥•§ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ 4®• ¢Ø§©•≥ £°Æ ®°∂• ° ∂°≤©•¥π ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ °Æ§ ∞≤•§©£¥©Æß ¥®•≠ ©Æ ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ©≥ £≤©¥©£°¨ ¶Ø≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≠°Æ°ß•≠•Æ¥ 4®• ≥¥µ§π ض ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ°¨Øßµ•≥ £°Æ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥• ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®• ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ °Æ§ §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ¥®°¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §Ø¨Ø≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ¥®µ≥ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π )Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ∑• µ≥• ¥®• ∑Ø≤¨§)£¨°≥≥ !∞¥©°Æ)!¨¢©°Æ "•Æ©£ª≥≥©≠ ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ°¨Øßµ• % 3∞°©Æ ¥Ø µÆ≤°∂•¨ ¥®• ≠°©Æ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¶°µ¨¥)≤•≥¥≤©£¥•§ °Æ§ ≥¥≤°¥°¢ØµÆ§ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ &Ø≤ ¥®©≥ ∞µ≤∞Ø≥• ∑• £Ø≠¢©Æ• © ®©ß®) ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≠°∞∞©Æß Ø¶ ¶°£©•≥ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ≤•°£¥©ØÆ ¶≤ØÆ¥≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• ®•¨∞ ض ,)$!2 °Æ§ 5!6 ∂©≤¥µ°¨ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ≠ا•¨≥ °Æ§ ©© §•¥°©¨•§ ¨Øßß©Æß °Æ§ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ≤•≥¥≤©£¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• µ∞∞•≤≠Ø≥¥ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• "•Æ°≥≥°¨ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥•Æ§≥ ¥Ø ≤•∞¨°£• ¨°π•≤≥ Æ•°≤ ≠°∏©≠µ≠ ¶¨Øا©Æß ∫ØÆ•≥ .ØÆ)§Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥•§ ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¥•Æ§ ¥Ø ®°∂• ∂•≤π ¨Ø∑ ∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥π °Æ§ Ø££µ≤ ©Æ ≠µ§§π ¶°£©•≥ ∑®©£® ®°∂• §•Æ≥• Æ•¥∑Ø≤´≥ ض ∑°∂π)¨©´• ≥¥π¨Ø¨©¥•≥ 7• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥• ¥®°¥ ¥®• Ø∂•≤¨°π©Æß ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ ∞≤Ø¢°¢¨π °£¥•§ °≥ ¶¨µ©§ ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• ≥•°¨≥ ¶°∂ص≤©Æß ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ض §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥©Æß ¶¨µ©§≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• µ∞∞•≤≠Ø≥¥ ∞°≤¥≥ ض ¥®• !∞¥©°Æ)!¨¢©°Æ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ $بØ≠©¥• ¥•Æ§≥ ¥Ø ¶Ø≤≠ ©Æ ¥®• ≤Ø£´I≥ ≠°¥≤©∏ ¶©≤≥¥ ¥≤©ßß•≤©Æß ¥®• ≤•∞¨°£•≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• ∑®Ø¨• ≤Ø£´ 0≤•)§Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ∞≤Ø¢°¢¨π °¨¥•≤•§ ¥®• ∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥π ض ¥®• ≤Ø£´ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ ¢•§≥ ∑©¥® °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ ≥¥π¨Ø¨©¥• Æ•¥∑Ø≤´≥ °Æ§ ¨Ø∑•≤)∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥π ¶°£©•≥ ¢•©Æß ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ $بØ≥¥ØÆ•≥ •∏¥•Æ§ ≥•∂•≤°¨ ´≠ °∑°π ¶≤Ø≠ ¨°≤ß•)≥£°¨• ¶°µ¨¥≥ ∑®©£® °≤• £ØÆ≥©§•≤•§ °≥ £ØƧµ©¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥©Æß ¶¨µ©§≥ 4®• ¶¨Ø∑ °Æ§ ≤•∞¨°£•≠•Æ¥ §©≤•£¥©ØÆ≥ °∞∞•°≤ ¥Ø ≤•≥µ¨¥ ©Æ ° £ØÆ¥©Æµµ≠ ض §Ø¨Ø≥¥ØÆ• ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠°≥≥©∂• °Æ§ #®≤©≥¥≠°≥ ¥≤•• ≥®°∞•≥ Æ•∏¥ ¥Ø ¶°µ¨¥≥ ¥Ø ≥¥≤°¥°¢ØµÆ§ °∑°π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•≠ 3Ø≠• ≥¥≤°¥°¢ØµÆ§ §Ø¨Ø≥¥ØÆ•≥ ®°∂• ≠°Æπ ≠Ø≤• ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ• ≥¥≤©Æß•≤≥ ¥®°Æ Ø¥®•≤≥ °Æ§ °≤• ¢ØµÆ§•§ ¢π ≥≠°¨¨•≤) ≥£°¨• ¶°µ¨¥≥ ∑®©£® °≤• ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ¨•≥≥ £ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ $•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ∑°¥•≤ ¶°£©•≥ ∑®©£® °≤• Ø≤©•Æ¥°¥•§ ∞•≤∞•Æ§©£µ¨°≤ ¥Ø ¥®• ∞°¨°•Ø≥®Ø≤•¨©Æ• ≥••≠ ¥Ø ©Æ£≤•°≥• ¥®• Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• ض ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ• ≥¥≤©Æß•≤≥ -Ø≤•Ø∂•≤ ©≥ب°¥•§ ¶≤°£¥µ≤• ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ¨©≠©¥ §Ø¨Ø≥¥ØÆ• £ØÆ¥©Æµ©¥π °¥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥£°¨•≥ ∑®©¨• £ØÆÆ•£¥•§ ¶≤°£¥µ≤• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¶°£©¨©¥°¥• ≠µ£® ¨ØÆß•≤ ¨°¥•≤°¨ •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ≥

! ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ- ™µ∏¥°∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥¨Ø∞• °∞≤ØÆ≥ ∑©¥® ≥¥≤°©ß®¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥

8©°Ø≠©Æß :®°Ø 5 ,© ,©µ  .° 9°Æ . °Æ§ 7$ -£#°¶¶≤•π .

3 3£®Øب ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£• °Æ§ 4•£®ÆبØßπ 3ص¥®∑•≥¥ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 3©£®µ°Æ *3D2DD #®©Æ° . 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® E %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠

∫®∏©≠+@$3*, £Ø≠

4®• §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ∞¨°π≥ ض 7•≥¥ !¶≤©£° ®°∂• ¢••Æ ∞≤ب©¶©£ ∞≤اµ£•≤≥ °Æ§ ≤•≠°©Æ °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ °≤•° ! ´•π £®°¨¨•Æß• ©Æ µÆ¨Ø£´©Æß ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ض ≥µ£® ∞¨°π≥ ©≥ ©Æ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ®Ø∑ £Ø≠≠ØÆ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ¶°£©•≥ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ≠ا•¨≥ °∞∞¨π °Æ§ ®Ø∑ ¨Ø£°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب ¥®• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• (•≤• ∑• µ≥• ®©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ G$ ≥•©≥≠©£ §°¥° ¥Ø ©¨¨µ≥¥≤°¥• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥π≥¥•≠ ØÆ ¥®• ≠©§)≥¨Ø∞• ض ¥®• .©ß•≤ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ0 ¥®• "°´°Æ° 3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• $•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ 3π≥¥•≠ "3$3 )¥≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥ ¥π∞• £®°Æß•≥ °¨ØÆß ¶¨Ø∑ §©≤•£¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ¨Ø¢•≥ ¥Ø ≥¥≤°©ß®¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ¥Ø ≥¨Ø∞• °∞≤ØÆ≥ Ø∂•≤  ´≠ 4®• ¨Ø¢•≥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥• ¥®≤•• Ø∂•≤¨°∞∞©Æß ¨Ø¢• £Ø≠∞¨•∏•≥ °¥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥£°¨•≥ 4µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑ ∞°¥®∑°π≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ ض ¥®• ¨Ø¢• £Ø≠∞¨•∏•≥ °≤• £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ¥®• Ø≤©•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ß≤Ø∑¥® ¶°µ¨¥≥ ©Æ ° ≠©Æ©¢°≥©Æ ∑©¥® ¨©≠©¥•§ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£•)≤•¨°¥•§ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ©Æ ¨Ø£°¨ ß≤°¢•Æ≥ 4®• ¨Ø¢•≥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ©Æ¥Ø ∞°≤°¨¨•¨ ≥¥≤°©ß®¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ £¨µ≥¥•≤•§ ∑©¥® •°£® Ø¥®•≤ 4®•≥• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ °≤• ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ≥≠°¨¨ °¥ =/ W .// ≠ ©Æ ∑©§¥® °Æ§ G/ W J= ≠ ©Æ §•∞¥® ∑©¥® ¥π∞©£°¨ ∑©§¥® ¥Ø §•∞¥® ≤°¥©Ø≥ ض J ¥Ø =+ ¥®•π §••∞¨π ©Æ£©≥• ¥®• µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß ≥¥≤°¥° #®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶©¨¨ ©≥ ≠µ§)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• µ∞∞•≤ ≤•°£®•≥ ¢µ¥ ≥°Æ§)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ 4®•≥• ≥¥≤°©ß®¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ °≤• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ≥¨Ø∞• ß≤°§©•Æ¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ].\ ¥Ø CG\ 4®• ≥¥≤°©ß®¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ §Ø∑Æ)£µ≤≤•Æ¥ ©Æ¥Ø ≥¨Ø∞• °∞≤ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• .// ¥Ø G// ≠ ©Æ ¨•Æߥ® D// ¥Ø 

D=

0/34%2 !"342!#43

! ∞≤•¨©≠©Æ°≤π '≤صƧ 0•Æ•¥≤°¥©Æß 2°§°≤ ≥¥µ§π ض &¨µ∂©°¨ !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ °¥ 3∞©≤•≥¨°£´. !π≤≥®©≤•. 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§* *Ø≥•∞® 4* !©Æ≥∑Ø≤¥®  !Ƨ≤•∑ * -©¥¥•Æ *°≠©• + 0≤©Æߨ• 3£®Øب ض '•Øß≤°∞®π '•Ø¨Øßπ E ¥®• %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 7©¨¨©°≠ 3≠©¥® "µ©¨§©Æß +••¨• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π +••¨• 3¥°¶¶≥ 5+

™Ø•°©Æ≥∑Ø≤¥®+$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

'≤صƧ 0•Æ•¥≤°¥©Æß 2°§°≤ '02 ©≥ ° Æ•°≤)≥µ≤¶°£• ß•Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ ¥•£®Æ©±µ• °Æ§ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π µ≥•§ ¥Ø Ø¢¥°©Æ G$ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ ض ¢Ø¥® ≠ا•≤Æ °Æ§ °Æ£©•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ /¢¥°©Æ©Æß ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• .$ ∞≤ض©¨•≥ ¢•®©Æ§ ص¥£≤Ø∞ •∏∞Ø≥µ≤•≥ ≥®Øµ¨§ °¨¨Ø∑ G$ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ ¥Ø ¢• •∏¥≤°£¥•§ °Æ§ ¥®•Æ µ≥•§ ¥Ø £≤•°¥• ®©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ §•¥•≤≠©Æ©≥¥©£ G$ Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≠ا•¨≥ 4®©≥ ≤•≥•°≤£® ®°≥ £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ ° '02 §°¥°≥•¥ °¥ 3∞©≤•≥¨°£´ ±µ°≤≤π ©Æ '¨•Æ¢µ£´ !π≤≥®©≤• 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ 3∞©≤•≥¨°£´ ±µ°≤≤π ©≥ °Æ •∏)Ø∞•Æ £°≥• £Ø°¨ ≠©Æ• °Æ§ ©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥¨π §•≥©ßÆ°¥•§ °≥ 3#!20 3£Ø¥¥©≥® #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ 2•≥•°≤£® 0°≤´ ° ¨ØÆß ¥•≤≠ •§µ£°¥©ØÆ°¨ ≤•≥ص≤£• •∏∞Ø≥©Æß #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ ߕبØßπ 4®©≥ ∞≤•¨©≠©Æ°≤π ≥¥µ§π £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ .$ ∞≤ض©¨• ¢•®©Æ§ ¥®• " ص¥£≤Ø∞ ¶°£• •∏∞Ø≥©Æß £®°ÆÆ•¨©∫•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥+ ®•≤• ¥®• ≥Ø©¨ ∑°≥ ¥®©ÆÆ•≥¥ ß©∂©Æß ¥®• ¢•≥¥ £®°Æ£• ض ßØا ≥©ßÆ°¨ ∞•Æ•¥≤°¥©ØÆ ! 3•Æ≥Ø≤≥U3ض¥∑°≤• 0µ¨≥•%++/b // ≥π≥¥•≠ ∑°≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø £Ø¨¨•£¥ ¢Ø¥® =/ -(∫ °Æ§ // -(∫ ¶≤•±µ•Æ£π §°¥° ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ¥®• Ø∞¥©≠°¨ •±µ©∞≠•Æ¥ ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °£®©•∂°¢¨• §•∞¥® $°¥° ∑°≥ ¥®•Æ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•§ µ≥©Æß 2%&,%87b ∂G ≥ض¥∑°≤• ¢•¶Ø≤• ¢•©Æß ©Æ£Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥•§ ©Æ¥Ø 3£®¨µ≠¢•≤ß•≤ 0%42%,b ≥ض¥∑°≤• ¥Ø £≤•°¥• ° G$ ≠ا•¨ '02 ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©≠°ß•§ ° ¶¨µ∂©°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨ °Æ§ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤ ≥•¥ ¥®°¥ ®°§ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ §©)•¨•£¥≤©£ ∞•≤≠©¥¥©∂©¥π £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥≥ 0•Æ•¥≤°¥©ØÆ §•∞¥®≥ ∑•≤• T./ ≠ §•∞•Æ§©Æß µ∞ØÆ '02 °Æ¥•ÆÆ° ¶≤•±µ•Æ£π ! ∂•≤π Æ•°≤)≥µ≤¶°£• ¥®©£´ ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ• ¢•§ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¥®• ∞≤ض©¨•≥ °¥ ¥®• ∂•≤π Æ•°≤ ≥µ≤¶°£• 3¥µ§π ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ '02 ©≥ ∞≤Ø≠©≥©Æß °¥ ¥®©≥ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø °¨¨Ø∑ ¥®• £°∞¥µ≤• ض G$ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ °¨¥®Øµß® ≤•£Ø≠≠•Æ§°¥©ØÆ≥ ≥®Øµ¨§ ¢• ¥Ø £Ø¨¨•£¥ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ §°¥° µ≥©Æß ¨Ø∑•≤ .= -(∫ ¶≤•±µ•Æ£π ∞≤ض©¨•≥ °Æ§ ∑®•≤• Ø∂•≤¨π©Æß ≥Ø©¨ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ≤•≠Ø∂•§

DD

%∂بµ¥©ØÆ. ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ض ®©ß® ¨°¥©¥µ§• ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ≥* #®°≤¨Ø¥¥• !¨¨•Æ. *•¶¶ 0•°´°¨¨ $°∂©§ (اß≥ØÆ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4

••33£,°$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ °©≠≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ Æ•∑ ≠ا•¨≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ ®©ß® ¨°¥©¥µ§• ≤•ß©ØÆ≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•©≥≠©£ £Ø≤• °Æ§ ص¥£≤Ø∞ §°¥°≥•¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ®©ß® ¨°¥©¥µ§• ≥•¥¥©Æß≥+ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ©§•Æ¥©¶π©Æß ¥®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض ߨ°£©°¨¨π)§•≤©∂•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ¶¨µ≠• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ -ا•≤Æ °Æ§ °Æ£©•Æ¥ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• °Æ°¨π≥•§ ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ ¥®• ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ °Æ§ ≥∞°¥©°¨ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• 2•£•Æ¥ ∑Ø≤´ ®°≥ ≥®Ø∑Æ ¥®• §©¶¶•≤©Æß •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ¢•¥∑••Æ ¨Ø∑ °Æ§ ®©ß® ¨°¥©¥µ§• ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ≥ -Ø≥¥ ≤•≥•°≤£® ®°≥ ¶Ø£µ≥≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥M∞≤اµ£¥ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ∑©¥®©Æ ¨Ø∑ ¨°¥©¥µ§• ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑©¥® ¨©¥¥¨• ¶Ø£µ≥ ØÆ £¨©≠°¥©£)§≤©∂•Æ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £°¨©¢≤• ≥ص≤£• °Æ§ ©Æ∞µ¥ ØÆ ¶°Æ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ )¥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥•§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥ ¶Ø≤£• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•≥ ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¨°≤ß• ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ ®©ß®)¨°¥©¥µ§• ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ∑©¥® ° ≠°≤´•§ §©¶¶•≤•Æ£• ©Æ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•©≤ ¨Ø∑) ¨°¥©¥µ§• £ØµÆ¥•≤∞°≤¥≥ 4®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ •Æ§)≠•≠¢•≤ ≠ا•¨ ¶Ø≤ ¨Ø∑)≥©ÆµØ≥©¥π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ £Ø°≤≥•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ¶¨Ø∑≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¶©Æ•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ߨ°£©°¨¨π)≥ص≤£•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤≠ °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ض ∞ب°≤ §••∞∑°¥•≤ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ )£• ≥¥≤•°≠≥ §•¨©∂•≤ ¨°≤ß• ∂بµ≠•≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ߨ°£©°¨ ¥•≤≠©Æ© ∑®©£® ©≥ ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ §Ø∑Æ)≥¨Ø∞• ∂©° §•¢≤©≥ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ≠°≥≥)¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ £Ø≠∞¨•∏•≥ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ∞•¨°ß©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ©£•)≤°¶¥•§ §•¢≤©≥ °Æ§ ≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ ≠•¨¥∑°¥•≤ ∞¨µ≠•≥ &°£©•≥ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¶°Æ≥ ≤•¶¨•£¥ ¥®• ∂°≤©•¥π ض ©Æ∞µ¥ °Æ§ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °£¥©∂• °¥ ߨ°£©°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥©Æß ¶¨µ£¥µ°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ©£• ≥®••¥ •∏¥•Æ¥ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §•¨©∂•≤π 7©¥®©Æ ®©ß®)¨°¥©¥µ§• ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ¥®•≤• ©≥ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¶Ø≤ ¨°≤ß• ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¶°Æ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¥®≤ص߮ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £®°≤°£¥•≤ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ¥®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض ¥®• #Ø≤©Ø¨©≥ ¶Ø≤£• ØÆ ¶¨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥

&¨µ£¥µ°¥©Æß ≥°Æ§ ≥µ∞∞¨π ¥Ø ° ∞≤Øß≤°§©Æß §•¨¥°- ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ض ¥®• -µ¨¨°ß®≠Ø≤• 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. .7 #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ "°≥©Æ. )≤•¨°Æ§

!Ƨ•≤≥. "* 5 4π≤≤•¨¨ 3 G  -µ≤≤°π * G  '≤°®°≠ *2 . -°≤´ # .G  °Æ§ #®•∑ $ .G

3 %°≤¥® °Æ§ /£•°Æ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 3£®Øب ض .°¥µ≤°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ .°¥©ØÆ°¨ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض )≤•¨°Æ§ '°¨∑°π )≤•¨°Æ§ . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ 4≤©Æ©¥π #ب¨•ß• $µ¢¨©Æ $µ¢¨©Æ . )≤•¨°Æ§ , )≤©≥® #•Æ¥≤• ¶Ø≤ 2•≥•°≤£® ©Æ !∞∞¨©•§ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ =©#2!'>

¢•¢®©ÆÆ °Æ§•≤≥$Ƶ©ß°¨∑°π ©•

4®©≥ ∞©¨Ø¥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ≥•¥≥ ص¥ ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ©Æ¶©¨¨ ض ¥®• .7 #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ "°≥©Æ .7#" ©Æ©¥©°¨¨π ¶Ø£µ≥≥©Æß ØÆ ¥®• 6©≥œ°Æ h#°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æi -µ¨¨°ß®≠Ø≤• 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ -3& ØÆ≥®Ø≤• ©Æ ÆØ≤¥® £ØµÆ¥π 3¨©ßØ )≤•¨°Æ§ 4®©≥ ≤•≥•°≤£® ≥∞•£©¶©£°¨¨π °©≠≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¨©Æ´≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π °Æ§ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¥®©≥ °Æ£©•Æ¥ ¶¨µ∂©°¨M§•¨¥°©£ ≥π≥¥•≠ ¥®≤ص߮ ®©ß®) ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ 4®©≥ ¥π∞• ض °∞∞≤Ø°£® ®•¨∞≥ ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ¥®• ∞°¨°•Øß•Øß≤°∞®π ض ¥®• .7#" °Æ§ ©¥≥ ®©Æ¥•≤¨°Æ§ °Æ§ ∑©¨¨ ≥®•§ ¨©ß®¥ ØÆ ®Ø∑ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥π≥¥•≠ •∂ب∂•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥©≠• !Æ °¨≠Ø≥¥ £Ø≠∞¨•¥• ¨©¥®Ø≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• -3& ∑°≥ •∏°≠©Æ•§ °Æ§ ¨Øßß•§ ©Æ ¥®• ¶©•¨§ °Æ§ §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ¶°£©•≥ ∞°£´°ß•≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ (©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≥°≠∞¨©Æß ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ∑°≥ £°≤≤©•§ ص¥ °Æ§ ° ≠µ¨¥©)∞≤Ø∏π ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• °∞∞≤Ø°£® µ≥©Æß Ø∞¥©£°¨ ≠©£≤Ø≥£Ø∞π ≥£°ÆÆ©Æß •¨•£¥≤ØÆ ≠©£≤Ø≥£Ø∞π ≠°™Ø≤ °Æ§ ¥≤°£• •¨•≠•Æ¥ ∑®Ø¨• ≤Ø£´ §°¥° 5)0¢ ∫©≤£ØÆ °Æ§ 0¢)©Æ)+)¶•¨§≥∞°≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ •≠∞¨Ø𕧠)≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥¨π ¥®©≥ ¢≤Ø°§ °∞∞≤Ø°£® ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•≥ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¢¥°©Æ•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¢Ø¥® ¨°¢©¨• °Æ§ ≥¥°¢¨• ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ∞®°≥•≥ ¶•¨§≥∞°≤ °Æ§ ∫©≤£ØÆ ≤•≥∞•£¥©∂•¨π ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨¨π ≠°∏©≠©≥©Æß ©Æ≥©ß®¥ ©Æ¥Ø ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ≥°Æ§ ≥µ∞∞¨π 2•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ° ¨°≤ß•)≥£°¨• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥µ∞∞¨π ≥π≥¥•≠ ∑©¥® §•≤©∂°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ≥ص≤£•≥ ¨Ø£°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ÆØ≤¥® ض ¥®• .7#" §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ≠©§)6©≥œ°Æ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥ص≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ •¨≥•∑®•≤• ©Æ .7 )≤•¨°Æ§ .7 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ °Æ§ •°≥¥•≤Æ '≤••Æ¨°Æ§ 4®• ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ≥©ßÆ°¨ °∞∞•°≤≥ ¥Ø ¶¨µ£¥µ°¥• ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• ≥°≠∞¨•§ ¨©¥®Ø≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ ∑©¥® ≥µ∞∞¨π ∂°≤π©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≠©∏•§ ¥Ø ° ≠Ø≤• µÆ©≠ا°¨ ≥©ßÆ°¨ ¥•Æ¥°¥©∂•¨π £Ø©Æ£©§•Æ¥ ∑©¥® £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§ ¥π∞• 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ©≥ ¶µÆ§•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π ض )≤•¨°Æ§ ≥®Ø≤¥£°¨¨ ∞≤Øß≤°≠≠• ∞≤Ø™•£¥ £Ø§•0 ./=)≥£)/.-

D<

3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• 0•≤≠©°Æ ¥Ø 4≤©°≥≥©£ ض %°≥¥ '≤••Æ¨°Æ§- !Æ •∏∞°Æ§•§ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞¨•¥• 0/4 ¢ØµÆ§°≤π ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ& 3¥•∂•Æ $* !Ƨ≤•∑≥  !§°≠ ' 3∫µ¨£ U !µ§≤•π $•£Øµ #!30 7•≥¥ "µ©¨§©Æß 3@3! (µÆ¥©ÆߧØÆ 2Ø°§ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #", D$( 5+

≥¥•∂•Æ °Æ§≤•∑≥$£°≥∞ £°≠ °£ µ´

4®• 0•≤≠©°Æ)4≤©°≥≥©£ ¢ØµÆ§°≤π £ØÆ¥°©Æ≥ ° ≤•£Ø≤§ ض %°≤¥®I≥ ß≤•°¥•≥¥ ≠°≥≥ •∏¥©Æ£¥©ØÆ •∂•Æ¥ 3•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ∑®©£® ¥®©≥ •∏¥©Æ£¥©ØÆ •∂•Æ¥ £°Æ ¢• •∏°≠©Æ•§ °≤• ≤°≤• °Æ§ °≤• ض¥•Æ £ØƧ•Æ≥•§ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ ° ∞ØØ≤ ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¥©≠©Æß Ø¶ ©¥≥ ∂°≤©Øµ≥ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ≥¥°ß•≥ 3∞•£¥°£µ¨°≤ •∏∞Ø≥µ≤•≥ ¥®≤ص߮ °Æ •∏∞°Æ§•§ 0•≤≠©°Æ)4≤©°≥≥©£ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ •∏©≥¥ ©Æ %°≥¥ '≤••Æ¨°Æ§ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• £Ø≠∞¨•¥•Æ•≥≥ ض ¥®•≥• ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ° ≠°¥¥•≤ ض £ØÆ≥©§•≤°¢¨• §•¢°¥• 4Ø °§§≤•≥≥ ¥®©≥ ©≥≥µ• ° ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ≥πÆ¥®•≥©≥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ µÆ§•≤¥°´•Æ ©Æ£Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©Æß Æ•∑¨π £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ §°¥° ∑©¥® ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ ∑Ø≤´ &ب¨Ø∑©Æß ° ,°¥• 0•≤≠©°Æ ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≤••¶ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ °££•Æ¥µ°¥•§ ∞≤•)•∏©≥¥©Æß ¢°≥©Æ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π #ØÆ¥©Æµ•§ ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ ¨•§ ¥Ø ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≤©£® ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ $µ≤©Æß ¥®• ¨°¥•≥¥ 0•≤≠©°Æ ¶¨µ£¥µ°¥©Æß ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨©≥•§ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≤••¶≥ ∑®©£® ≥¥©¨¨ ¶Ø≤≠•§ ¢°¥®π≠•¥≤©£ ®©ß®≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ !¥ ¥®©≥ ¥©≠• £¨°≥¥©£ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °¨≥Ø ¢•ß°Æ ¥Ø ∞≤Øß≤°§• ©Æ ¥Ø ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©Æ ض¶≥®Ø≤• ≤•ß©ØÆ≥ %≤Ø≥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ∑°¥•≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ¶Ø£µ≥≥•§ °≤صƧ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ ∑®•≤• £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≤••¶ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ®°§ ¢••Æ ≠Ø≥¥ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• 4®• %°≤¨π 4≤©°≥≥©£ ©≥ ≠°≤´•§ ¢π ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ¢¨°Æ´•¥©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ ∑©¥® ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ¶©Æ• ß≤°©Æ•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥•≥ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨©≥•§ Æ°¥µ≤• ض •≤Ø≥©ØÆ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• 0•≤≠©°Æ)4≤©°≥≥©£ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ©Æ %°≥¥ '≤••Æ¨°Æ§ #ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ ض¶≥®Ø≤• ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©≥ ≤•£ØßÆ©≥•§ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ¢ØµÆ§°≤π ∑•≤• •∏°≠©Æ•§ ØÆ¨π ° ≥®Ø≤¥ §©≥¥°Æ£• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ °Æ§ °≤صƧ °≤•°≥ ض ©Æ®•≤©¥•§ ¢°≥©Æ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π 4®• ≥πÆ¥®•≥©≥ µÆ§•≤¥°´•Æ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ° ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ¶Ø≤ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ≤•≥•°≤£® ØÆ ¥®©≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨

2ب• ض ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥• ØÆ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≤•£Ø≤§ ض ° ¨Ø∑ Æ•¥/¥Ø/ß≤Ø≥≥ •∞®•≠•≤°¨ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ. 3ص¥®/#•Æ¥≤°¨ 0π≤•Æ••≥. 3∞°©Æ /≥£°≤ ** !≤œ∂°¨Ø  .©ß•¨ -صƥƕπ °Æ§ ,µ£° #بØ≠¢•≤° &¨µ∂©°¨ E %ب©°Æ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 5+

••Ø™°$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

4®• ¨°¥• 0°¨•Ø£•Æ• ¥Ø •°≤¨©•≥¥ %Ø£•Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ©Æ ¥®• !≤œÆW%≥∞¨µß°¶≤•§° ≥•£¥Ø≤ 3ص¥®)#•Æ¥≤°¨ 0π≤•Æ••≥ 3∞°©Æ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≤•£Ø≤§ ض ° ¨Ø∑ Æ•¥)¥Ø)ß≤Ø≥≥ •∞®•≠•≤°¨ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض °≤©§ ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ $•¥°©¨•§ ≠°∞∞©Æß °Æ§ °£±µ©≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ §°¥° ®°≥ °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¥®• §•¶©Æ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶Øµ≤ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥  ¥Ø J ¶≤Ø≠ ¢°≥• ¥Ø ¥Ø∞ ∑®©£® °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ©Æ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ∂°≤©°¢¨• £¨©≠°¥©£ °Æ§ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ #ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ¥≥ ØÆ ¥©≠©Æß °Æ§ ≠°ßÆ©¥µ§• ض ¥®•≥• °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ °≤• °∂°©¨°¢¨• ¥®°Æ´≥ ¥Ø ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ¨Ø£°¨ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ∑®©£® ©Æ£¨µ§• ° ¢©Ø≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ °Æ§ ≠°ßÆ•¥Ø≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ∞°¨°•Ø£¨©≠°¥©£ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨Øßπ °Æ§ ≥¥°¢¨• ©≥Ø¥Ø∞©£ ß•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤π °Æ°¨π≥•≥ °Æ§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ≥ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥•§ ¢π ß•Ø£®≤ØÆبØßπ °Æ§ ¥®•≤≠Ø£®≤ØÆبØßπ &≤Ø≠ ¥®©≥ ∑•¨¨)£ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ ߕبØß©£°¨ ¢°£´ß≤صƧ ©¥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨• ¥Ø •∂°¨µ°¥• ¥®• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ض ¥®©≥ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ¥Ø ∂°≤π©Æß ∞°¨°•Ø£¨©≠°¥©£ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ∑®©£® Ø££µ≤ ≥µ∞•≤©≠∞Ø≥•§ µ∞ØÆ ¥®• •¶¶•£¥≥ ض 0π≤•Æ•°Æ µ∞¨©¶¥ 2•≠Ø¥• ≥•Æ≥©Æß °Æ°¨π≥©≥ µ≥©Æß ,©$!2)§•≤©∂•§ $%-≥ °Æ§ ®©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ Ø≤¥®Ø∞®Ø¥Øß≤°∞®≥ •Æ°¢¨•§ §•¥°©¨•§ ≠°∞∞©Æß Ø¶ £®°ÆÆ•¨©∫•§ °Æ§ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °£≤Ø≥≥ °Æ °≤•° ض G´≠ . &©•¨§)¢°≥•§ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ®°≥ ©Æ∂ب∂•§ ¥®• ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥ ض = ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ .≠ £µ≠µ¨°¥©∂• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ '03)≠°∞∞©Æß Ø¶ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ß≤°∞®©£ ¨Øßß©Æß .JD ¨Øß≥ ض §°¥° ≤•£Ø≤§©Æß ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ ¶°£©•≥ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ∞°¨°•Ø£µ≤≤•Æ¥ Ø≤©•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ GG/ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ •∏¥•≤Æ°¨ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °Æ§ £ØÆÆ•£¥©∂©¥π ض DJ £®°ÆÆ•¨©∫•§ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °≥≥©ßÆ•§ ¥Ø J §©≥¥©Æ£¥©∂• ß•Æ•¥©£ ¥π∞•≥ 4®• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ ≥¥π¨• ∂°≤©•≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• J ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ )Æ¥•≤∂°¨  T//≠ ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ §µ≤©Æß ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ ±µ©•≥£•Æ£• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ° ß•Æ¥¨• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞¨°©Æ Ø∂•≤ ∑®©£® ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• °∂µ¨≥©ØÆ≥ Ø££µ≤≤•§ )Æ¥•≤∂°¨ . TJ/≠ •∏®©¢©¥≥ ° ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨©∫•§ •¨•≠•Æ¥ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ° §•£≤•°≥©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π )Æ¥•≤∂°¨ G TD=≠ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ °Æ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §•¨©∂•≤π °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• ≤•°£¥©∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 0π≤•Æ••≥ µ∞¨©¶¥ )Æ¥•≤∂°¨ J T=/≠ ©≥ £ØÆ¥•≠∞Ø≤°≤π ∑©¥® ¥®• Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• ض ¥®• 0°¨•Ø£•Æ•)%Ø£•Æ• 4®•≤≠°¨ -°∏©≠µ≠ °Æ§ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ¥®• ≥µ∞•≤∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° £¨©≠°¥©£ §≤©∂•≤ ©Æ ° ¥•£¥ØÆ©£°¨¨π °£¥©∂• ¢°≥©Æ

D

"•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ 0≤©≠°≤π #µ≤≤•Æ¥ 3¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ '•Æ•≤°¥•§ ¢π (π¢≤©§ &¨Ø∑≥- %∏°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π °Æ§ ¥®• !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® '≤©¥≥ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ "°°≥. *°£Ø (*  "°´•≤ -•ß°Æ 3•°¨ 2•¢•££° 3£®Øب ض /£•°Æ 3£©•Æ£•≥ "°ÆßØ≤ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π -•Æ°© "≤©§ß• )≥¨• ض !Æߨ•≥•π 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠

™ ¢°°≥$¢°ÆßØ≤ °£ µ´

.•∑ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ ∞≤©≠°≤π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ∑•≤• §©≥£Ø∂•≤•§ ©Æ ¥®• §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• 3©¨µ≤©°Æ !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® '≤©¥≥ °Æ§ "Ø≤¥® -µ§≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ 7•≥¥ 7°¨•≥ ∑®©£® £Ø≠∞°≤• ∑•¨¨ ∑©¥® ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤اµ£¥≥ ض ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ¨°≠©Æ°≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ≥•Æ≥µ "°°≥ •¥ °¨ .//- 3•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ %∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ≤•≥•°≤£® ¢π "°°≥ •¥ °¨ ./D * '•Ø¨ 3Ø£ ®°≥ ≥®Ø∑Æ ¥®°¥ §•£•¨•≤°¥©Æß ¶¨Ø∑≥ £°≤≤π©Æß £Ø®•≥©∂• £¨°π °Æ§ ÆØÆ)£Ø®•≥©∂• ≥©¨¥ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§ ∞≤اµ£• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ¥®°¥ §Ø ÆØ¥ ¶©¥ •∏©≥¥©Æß £¨°≥≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ≥£®•≠•≥ #Ø®•≥©∂• £¨°π ©≥ °¢¨• ¥Ø ≠ا©¶π ¶¨Ø∑ °Æ§ ¢•§ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ £°µ≥©Æß ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑ ¥Ø £®°Æß• ¥Ø §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¥π∞•≥ ض ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ±µ°≥©)¨°≠©Æ°≤ ¶¨Ø∑ !≥ ° ≤•≥µ¨¥ O£¨°≥≥©£I £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≤©∞∞¨•≥ £®°Æß• ©Æ¥Ø ¨°≤ß• ≤©∞∞¨•≥ °Æ§ ∑°≥®•§)ص¥ ≤©∞∞¨•≥ °Æ§ µ∞∞•≤)≥¥°ß• ∞¨°Æ• ¢•§ £®°Æß• ©Æ¥Ø •ß ¨Ø∑)°≠∞¨©¥µ§• ¢•§∑°∂•≥ °≥ £¨°π £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ©≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ !¥ ∂•≤π ®©ß® £¨°π £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ£• ©≥ ≥¥≤ØÆß¨π °¥¥•Æµ°¥•§ Ø≤ ≥µ∞∞≤•≥≥•§ °Æ§ £Ø®•≥©∂• ∞¨°Æ• ¢•§ ©≥ ≠Ø≥¥ £Ø≠≠ØÆ 4®•≥• £Ø®•≥©∂• ∞¨°Æ• ¢•§≥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥ ض ®•¥•≤ب©¥®©£ ®Ø≤©∫ØÆ¥°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠ ض °¨¥•≤Æ°¥©Æß ≠µ§ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§M≥©¨¥ ¨°≠©Æ°• ¶Ø≤≠•§ ©Æ ≥¥•°§π ¶¨Ø∑ ¥®µ≥ ∑©¥®Øµ¥ ¥®• Æ••§ ¥Ø ©Æ∂Ø´• ∞•≤©Ø§©£ ¶¨µ£¥µ°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¶¨Ø∑ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π 4®•≥• Æ•∑ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ¥π∞•≥ ∑•≤• £°∞¥µ≤•§ ©Æ ° ∞®°≥• §©°ß≤°≠ ض ÆØÆ)§©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥¥≤•Æߥ® °ß°©Æ≥¥ £¨°π £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ °≥ 𩕨§ ≥¥≤•Æߥ® &©•¨§∑Ø≤´ ©Æ ¥®• §©≥¥°¨ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•)≤©£® ≤•°£®•≥ ض ¥®• 3©¨µ≤©°Æ !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® '≤©¥≥ °Æ§ "Ø≤¥® -µ§≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ ض 7•≥¥ 7°¨•≥ ≤•∂•°¨•§ ≠°Æπ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ ≠©∏•§ ≥°Æ§)≠µ§ 4®•≥• £µ≤≤•Æ¥)©Æ§µ£•§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ∑•≤• ≤•≠°≤´°¢¨π ≥©≠©¨°≤ ¥Ø ¥®Ø≥• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ¥®• ¨°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π °¨¨Ø∑©Æß µ≥ ¥Ø °¥¥≤©¢µ¥• ¥®•©≤ ≠ا• ض ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ¥π∞•≥ ض ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ±µ°≥©)¨°≠©Æ°≤ ¶¨Ø∑ 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ¥®• Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥π ¥Ø •∏∞°Æ§ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ©Æ £Ø≤• °Æ§ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ¥Ø ° ∑©§•≤ ≤°Æß• ض ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥

+ÆØ∑ 9ص≤ #¨°π- 4®• %¶¶•£¥ ض #¨°π -©∏¥µ≤•≥ ØÆ ¥®• 0≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ض #Ø®•≥©∂• 3•§©≠•Æ¥ '≤°∂©¥π &¨Ø∑≥ "°´•≤. -•ß°Æ  "°°≥ *°£Ø ( °Æ§ #¨©Æ¥ØÆ #®°≤¨•≥ 3£®Øب ض /£•°Æ 3£©•Æ£•≥ "°ÆßØ≤ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π -•Æ°© "≤©§ß• )≥¨• ض !Æߨ•≥•π 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠

≠ ¢°´•≤$¢°ÆßØ≤ °£ µ´

4®• ≠°™Ø≤©¥π ض •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ∑Ø≤´ ØÆ £Ø®•≥©∂• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ 3'&≥ ®°≥ ¶Ø£µ≥≥•§ ØÆ ¶¨Ø∑≥ £°≤≤π©Æß ° ≥©Æߨ• £¨°π ¥π∞• (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®©≥ ©≥ ÆØ¥ ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ ¶Ø≤ Æ°¥µ≤°¨ 3'&≥ ∑®©£® ¥π∞©£°¨¨π £ØÆ¥°©Æ ° ≠©∏¥µ≤• ض £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ 4Ø ©≠∞≤Ø∂• ص≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®•≥• Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¨Ø£´)•∏£®°Æß• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ∑•≤• £ØƧµ£¥•§ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©Æß ¥®• ≤µÆ)ص¥ §©≥¥°Æ£• ®•°§ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π °Æ§ ∂©≥µ°¨ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ض 3'&≥ £°≤≤π©Æß ≠©∏¥µ≤•≥ ض ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ £Ø®•≥©∂• ¢•Æ¥ØÆ©¥• £¨°π °Æ§ ∑•°´¨π £Ø®•≥©∂• ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• £¨°π °¥ ° ¶©∏•§ ./P ∂بµ≠•¥≤©£ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ !≥ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢•Æ¥ØÆ©¥• ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ∑°≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ¥®• ≠°∏©≠µ≠ ®•°§ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π °Æ§ ≤µÆ)ص¥ §©≥¥°Æ£• ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑≥ §•£≤•°≥•§ )¥ ©≥ ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ¥®°¥ ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ¥®• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®©≥ ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ £Ø®•≥©∂• £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ©Æ£≤•°≥•≥ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ∂©≥£Ø≥©¥π °Æ§ ≥®•°≤ ≥¥≤•Æߥ® ¨•°§©Æß ¥Ø ° ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¶¨Ø∑ ≠Ø¢©¨©¥π )Æ¥•≤•≥¥©Æߨπ ¥®• £®°Æß• ©Æ ≤µÆ)ص¥ §©≥¥°Æ£• ¶≤Ø≠ /P ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• //P ¢•Æ¥ØÆ©¥• ¥Ø //P ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• /P ¢•Æ¥ØÆ©¥• ∑°≥ ÆØÆ)¨©Æ•°≤ )Æ≥¥•°§ ¥®• ≤µÆ)ص¥ §©≥¥°Æ£• ∑°≥ ß≤•°¥•≤ ¥®°Æ ∑ص¨§ ¢• •∏∞•£¥•§ ©¶ ¢Ø¥® £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ ©Æ °Æ •±µ°¨ ≠°ÆÆ•≤ 0µ≤• ¢•Æ¥ØÆ©¥• ¶¨Ø∑≥ •∏®©¢©¥ ° ß≤•°¥•≤ £®°Æß• ©Æ ≠Ø¢©¨©¥π Ø∂•≤ ¥®• ≤°Æß• ض £¨°π ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ≥ µ≥•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≠©∏•§ £¨°π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥®°Æ ∞µ≤• ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• ¶¨Ø∑≥ 4®©≥ £Øµ¨§ •∏∞¨°©Æ ¥®• ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂©¥π ض ¥®• ≠©∏•§)£¨°π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ≥∞•£©¶©£°¨¨π ¥Ø £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢•Æ¥ØÆ©¥• 4®• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ®©ß®)§•Æ≥©¥π ≠©∏•§)£¨°π 3'&≥ ≠°π ®°∂• ° ¨ØÆß•≤ ¥®°Æ •∏∞•£¥•§ ≤µÆص¥ §©≥¥°Æ£• ¨•§ ¢π ¥®• ≥¥≤ØÆß•≤ £Ø®•≥©∂• £¨°π (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• Æ••§•§ ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ©¶ ¥®©≥ ص¥£Ø≠• ©≥ °¨≥Ø °∞∞¨©£°¢¨• ¥Ø ≠©∏•§)£¨°π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ∑©¥® ®©ß®•≤ °Æ§ ¨Ø∑•≤ ¥Ø¥°¨ ∂بµ≠•¥≤©£ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®µ≥ £Ø∂•≤©Æß ¥®• ¶µ¨¨ ≤°Æß• ض ¶¨Ø∑ ¥π∞•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¨Ø∑) °Æ§ ®©ß®)§•Æ≥©¥π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ¨°≠©Æ°≤ ≠µ§ ¶¨Ø∑≥ 4®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ £Øµ¨§ ≠°´• °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ص≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• £ØÆ¥©Æµ©¥π °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥ ≥®°∞• ض 3'&≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≠ا•≤Æ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ©Æ ¥®• ߕبØß©£°¨ ≤•£Ø≤§

D-

3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ≥¨Ø∞• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§ §•¨©∂•≤π ¥Ø ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ¶¨ØØ≤ ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤•/¨°Æ§ ∞¨°Æ¥ ∑Ø≤¨§- ° £°≥• ≥¥µ§π ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≥•§©≠•Æ¥/≥µ∞∞¨π/ §≤©∂•Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©Æ !≤°¢©° !≠≠°≤ "°¨©¨°  -°§≥ (µµ≥• °Æ§ 3¥•∞®•Æ &¨©Æ¥ "°≥©Æ ≥¥µ§©•≥ °Æ§ ∞•¥≤ب•µ≠ ß•Ø≥£©•Æ£• ß≤ص∞ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤

°≠≠°≤ ¢°¨©¨°$≠°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

4®• •°≤¨π 3©¨µ≤©°Æ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ £•Æ¥≤°¨ !≤°¢©° ®°≥ ¢••Æ °Æ°¨π≥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ G$ ≥•©≥≠©£ §°¥° ©Æ ∑®©£®

3®•¨¶/•§ß• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤π °Æ°¨π≥©≥> ¥®• ≤ب• ض §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ

$°°Æ "••¨•Æ 5.?  #®≤©≥¥Ø∞®•≤ !, *°£´≥ØÆ . *ØæØ 4≤°¢µ£®Ø !¨•∏°Æ§≤•  $°∂©§ (اß≥ØÆ G 3¥•¶°ÆØ 0°¥≤µÆØ J

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥•©¥ 5¥≤•£®¥ 0 / "Ø∏ @D332 ,2D@ 4# 5¥≤•£®¥ 4®• .•¥®•≤¨°Æ§≥ . "°≥©Æ≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ ="2'> $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ °Æ§ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ 37 .!: 5 + , 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5 +  0'3

§°°Æ ¢••¨•Æ3*$©≠∞•≤©°¨ °£ µ´

3®•¨¶)•§ß• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤π °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض £¨©ÆضØ≤≠°¨ ≥¥≤°¥° ØÆ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ ©≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø  §•≥£≤©¢• ¥®• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞≤©≥≠≥ . £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥ £ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ¢π §•§µ£©Æß ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞¨°π ض £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §©≥∞•≤≥°¨ °Æ§ G ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¥©≠©Æß °Æ§ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂•Æ•≥≥ ض £Ø°≤≥•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¢π∞°≥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥®•¨¶ ¥Ø §••∞ ¢°≥©Æ •ß ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢°≥©Æ)¶¨ØØ≤ ¶°Æ≥ "•£°µ≥• ض ¥®©≥ 3®•¨¶)•§ß• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤π °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ¢•°≤≥ ≤•¨•∂°Æ£• ¥Ø ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ß•Ø®°∫°≤§ °≥≥•≥≥≠•Æ¥ 4®• ≥¥≤ØÆß §©∞ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ©Æ ¨©¥®Ø¨Øßπ °£≤Ø≥≥ £¨©ÆضØ≤≠°¨ ≥¥≤°¥° ØÆ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ ≠•°Æ≥ ¥®°¥ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ∞Ø≥¥)§•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ©≥ °Æ¥©£©∞°¥•§ $•≥∞©¥• ¥®©≥ ¥®• ≤ب• ض §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ≠ا©¶π©Æß ¥®• ∞≤©≠°≤π ≥¥≤°¥°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ £¨©ÆضØ≤≠≥ °Æ§ ©¥≥ ©≠∞°£¥ ØÆ ≥®•¨¶)•§ß• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤©•≥ ≤•≠°©Æ≥ ∞ØØ≤¨π £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π °©≠≥ ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ¥®• •∏¥•Æ¥ ¥Ø ∑®©£® §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ≠ا©¶©•≥ ∞≤©≠°≤π Æ•°≤)≥µ≤¶°£• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤©•≥ °Æ§ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ®Ø∑ ¥®©≥ ©≠∞°£¥≥ ¥®• °≥≥•≥≥≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ¢°≥©Æ ¶©¨¨©Æß °Æ§ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ "°£´≥¥≤©∞∞©Æß °Æ§ §•£Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ °∞∞¨©•§ ¥Ø ص¥£≤Ø∞ ≥•©≥≠©£ °Æ§ ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨• §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≤°Æß• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß0 "≤Ø∑≥• °Æ§ "°≤≤Ø∑ "°≥©Æ≥ .7 !µ≥¥≤°¨©° ∂°Æ +•µ¨•Æ¶™Ø≤§ 3∞©¥≥¢•≤ß•Æ .Ø≤∑°π +°≤ØØ "°≥©Æ 3ص¥® !¶≤©£° °Æ§ 7°≥®°´©• "°≥©Æ 53! !¶¥•≤∑°≤§≥ ≥®•¨¶)•§ß• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤©•≥ ∑•≤• ≤•£°¨£µ¨°¥•§ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ¥®• Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ -µ§)≤©£® ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠≥•¥≥ £Ø≠∞°£¥ ≠Ø≤• ¥®°Æ ≥°Æ§)≤©£® ¥Ø∞≥•¥≥ °Æ§ ¶¨°¥)¥Ø)≥¨©ß®¥¨π) ≤©≥©Æß ©Æ©¥©°¨ ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤©•≥ ≤Ø¥°¥• ¢°≥©Æ∑°≤§ ¥Ø °∞∞•°≤ °≥ ¶°¨¨©Æß ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤©•≥0 ®•Æ£• ¥®• £ØµÆ¥•≤©Æ¥µ©¥©∂• O∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆI ض ¥Ø∞≥•¥≥ ©Æ ¶¨°¥ °Æ§ ¶°¨¨©Æß ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤©•≥ $©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ °¨≥Ø £°µ≥•≥ °Æ °∞∞°≤•Æ¥ £®°Æß• ©Æ ¥Ø∞≥•¥ ¥Ø ¶Ø≤•≥•¥ ∂بµ≠• ≤°¥©Ø≥ 4M& ∑®©£® ®°∂• ¢••Æ ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ ¢°≥©Æ°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥®•¨¶)•§ß• °Æ§ §©¶¶•≤•Æ£•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≠•¥®Ø§ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨ ©Æ£©≥©ØÆ 3µ¢≥¥°Æ¥©°¨ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ 4M& ≤°¥©Ø≥ °Æ§ ¥®• Ø∂•≤°¨¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤ ض ¥®• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤©•≥ ©≠∞¨π ¥®°¥ °££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≠ا•¨≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¢π∞°≥≥ °Æ§ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥°Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ≥ ≠°§• ¥®≤ص߮ ≥®Ø≤•¨©Æ• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤π ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ≠°π ¢• ©Æ°££µ≤°¥•

&µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨¨π $©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ 0≤Ø∏©≠°¨ °Æ§ $©≥¥°¨ ,Ø¢• 3¥°£´©Æß 3¥π¨•≥ 7©¥®©Æ ¥®• 3°≠• 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ )Æ¥•≤∂°¨- 5∞∞•≤ "≤Ø¥Ø 3π≥¥•≠. *°£° "°≥©Æ. 3∞°©Æ

$°Æ©•¨ "•¨¨ 5. $°∂©§ (اß≥ØÆ . )°Æ +°Æ•  #®≤©≥¥Ø∞®•≤ 3¥•∂•Æ≥ØÆ  -©±µ•¨ 0Øπ°¥Ø≥)-Ø≤• 

3 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5 + . 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5 +

§°Æ©•¨ ¢•¨¨A.$≠°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

#Ø≠∞•Æ≥°¥©ØÆ°¨ Ø≤ ¨ØÆß©¥µ§©Æ°¨ °Æ§ °ßß≤°§°¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥°£´©Æß ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ °≤• ≤•£ØßÆ©∫•§ ©Æ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ¨Ø¢• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °Æ§ °≤• ¥π∞©£°¨¨π °≥£≤©¢•§ ¥Ø µÆ£Øƶ©Æ•§ °Æ§ £Øƶ©Æ•§ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ≤•≥∞•£¥©∂•¨π )Æ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ Ø¥®•≤ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥• O©≥ب°¥•§I ≥®••¥)¨©´• ¢•§≥ ¥≤°£•°¢¨• ¶Ø≤ /I≥ ¥Ø //I≥ ´≠ ∑®©£® §Ø ÆØ¥ ≥¥°£´ ¥Ø ¶Ø≤≠ ¨Ø¢•≥ 0≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ≠•§©°¨ °Æ§ §©≥¥°¨ ¨Ø£°¨©¥©•≥ ض ¥®• 5∞∞•≤ "≤Ø¥Ø 3π≥¥•≠ °≤• §•≥£≤©¢•§ Ø∂•≤ °

,©Æ´©Æß ©Æ/≥©¥µ ß•Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ °Æ§ ß•Ø¥•£®Æ©£°¨ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ض ¥®• $Øßß•≤ "°Æ´ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ∞Ø≥¥/§•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥

+©•≤°Æ "¨°£´•≤ 5 3°≤°® $°∂©•≥  2©£®°≤§ %Æߨ°Æ§  -©´• ,Ø∂•¨¨  *•ÆÆπ )Æ∑Øا  #°≤ب #Ø¥¥•≤©¨¨ . °Æ§ ,•Ø *°≠•≥ G

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,•©£•≥¥•≤ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 2Ø°§ ,%3 2( . "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π -µ≤£®©≥ØÆ (ص≥• 7•≥¥ -°©Æ≥ 2Ø°§ %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(+ ,,! , 203 %Æ•≤ßπ 'ب§≥∑Ø≤¥® (ص≥• 4®• 'ب§≥∑Ø≤¥® 0´ 7Ø´©Æß '5.3 ,,'

´™¢$¨• °£ µ´

4®• $Øßß•≤ "°Æ´ ©≥ ° ¨°≤ß• ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®©£ ¶•°¥µ≤• ©Æ ¥®• #•Æ¥≤°¨ .Ø≤¥® 3•° ∑©¥® ∑°¥•≤ §•∞¥®≥ ض  W DG≠ !≥ ØÆ• ض ¥®• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥•§ ≤صƧ G ∑©Æ§¶°≤≠ ¨©£•Æ£• °≤•°≥ °Æ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• ≥©¥•)©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ µÆ§•≤¥°´•Æ §µ≤©Æß .// °Æ§ ./ °£≤Ø≥≥ 4≤°Æ£®• ! ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• .$)µ¨¥≤° ®©ß® ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≤•¶¨•£¥©ØÆ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≥µ≤∂•π≥

<

2•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©Æß ≥ص¥®•≤Æ '≤••Æ¨°Æ§ )£• 3®••¥ ®©≥¥Ø≤𠧵≤©Æß ¥®• 0¨©Ø/0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• ©Æ¥•Æ≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ .Ø≤¥®•≤Æ (•≠©≥∞®•≤• ߨ°£©°¥©ØÆ- )Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ )/$0 3©¥• 55:ED

+•∫©°® "¨°´•/-©∫•Æ 5 )°Æ "°©¨•π  !Ƨ•≤≥ % #°≤¨≥ØÆ . *Ø≥•∞® 3 3¥ØÆ•≤ . 2Ø¢•≤¥ ' (°¥¶©•¨§ . #®µ°Æß 8µ°Æ G °Æ§ +©≤° ,°∑≤•Æ£• J

3 #°≠¢Ø≤Æ• 3£®Øب ض -©Æ•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض %∏•¥•≤ 0•Æ≤πÆ #°≠∞µ≥ #Ø≤Æ∑°¨¨ 423D +&% 5+ . #ب¨•ß• ض %°≤¥® /£•°Æ °Æ§ !¥≠Ø≥∞®•≤©£ 3£©•Æ£•≥ /≤•ßØÆ 3¥°¥• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π #Ø≤∂°¨¨©≥ /≤•ßØÆ +,,3 53! , /£•°Æ °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 7°¥•≤¶≤ØÆ¥ #°≠∞µ≥ 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3/3 ,:( 5+  $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ ,°¶°π•¥¥• #ب¨•ß• %°≥¥ØÆ 0•ÆÆ≥π¨∂°Æ©° 3@D. 53!

´≤¢.3D$•∏•¥•≤ °£ µ´

3®Øµ¨§ ©¥ •∂•≤ ≠•¨¥ •Æ¥©≤•¨π ¥®• '≤••Æ¨°Æ§ )£• 3®••¥ '≤)3 ∑ص¨§ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥• ¥Ø T< ≠•¥≤•≥ ض ߨآ°¨ ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ ≤©≥• 5Ƨ•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ®Ø∑ ¥®• '≤)3 ≠©ß®¥ ≤•≥∞ØƧ ¥Ø °Æ¥®≤Ø∞Øß•Æ©£)©Æ§µ£•§ ߨآ°¨ ∑°≤≠©Æß Ø∂•≤ ¥®• £Ø≠©Æß £•Æ¥µ≤π ©≥ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ #•Æ¥≤°¨ ¥Ø ¥®©≥ ßØ°¨ ©≥ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ©Æß ®Ø∑ ¥®• ©£• ≥®••¥ ®°≥ ≤•≥∞ØƧ•§ ¥Ø ¢Ø¥® ∑°≤≠•≤) °Æ§ £Ø¨§•≤)¥®°Æ)∞≤•≥•Æ¥ £¨©≠°¥• ≥¥°¥•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ߕبØß©£°¨ ∞°≥¥ ,©¥¥¨• §•¥°©¨ ©≥ ´ÆØ∑Æ °¢Øµ¥ ¥®• '≤)3 ∞≤©Ø≤ ¥Ø ¥®• ,°¥• 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• ®Ø∑•∂•≤ °Æ§ ¨°≤ß• µÆ£•≤¥°©Æ¥π •∏©≥¥≥ ©Æ ص≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ©¥≥ ®©≥¥Ø≤π °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ¨°≥¥ ß≤•°¥ £¨©≠°¥• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ¥®• 0¨©Ø)0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• ©Æ¥•Æ≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ .Ø≤¥®•≤Æ (•≠©≥∞®•≤• ߨ°£©°¥©ØÆ ©.('+ TGDW.J -° 4®©≥ ∑©Æ§Ø∑ •Æ£Ø≠∞°≥≥•≥ ¥∑Ø ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ض £¨©≠°¥©£ ©Æ¥•≤•≥¥0  ¥®• ≠©§)0©°£•Æ∫©°Æ ∑°≤≠ ∞•≤©Ø§ ≠070 TGGWG -° ∑©§•¨π £ØÆ≥©§•≤•§ °Æ °Æ°¨Øßµ• ¶Ø≤ ° ¶µ¥µ≤• •±µ©¨©¢≤©µ≠ £¨©≠°¥• ≥¥°¥• ∑©¥® °¥≠Ø≥∞®•≤©£ #/ . ¨•∂•¨≥ £Ø≠∞°≤°¢¨• ¥Ø ≠ا•≤Æ °Æ§ •¨•∂°¥•§ ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ °Æ§ ߨآ°¨ ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤•≥ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¥Ø ¥Ø§°π+ °Æ§ . ° ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ ß≤°§µ°¨ §•¥•≤©Ø≤°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ߨآ°¨ £¨©≠°¥• °Æ§ §•£¨©Æ• ©Æ °¥≠Ø≥∞®•≤©£ #/ . ¨•°§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض 1µ°¥•≤Æ°≤π)≠°ßÆ©¥µ§• ߨ°£©°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ T.= -° )≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ µÆ≤•≥ب∂•§ ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ£¨µ§•0 ¥Ø ∑®°¥ •∏¥•Æ¥ §©§ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ '≤)3 ≤•¥≤•°¥ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ≠070 °Æ§ ∑®•Æ §©§ ° ≠ا•≤Æ)§°π ≥©∫•§ '≤)3 ¶©≤≥¥ §•∂•¨Ø∞; 4Ø ¥°£´¨• ¥®•≥• ©≥≥µ•≥ ¥®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ¶Ø£µ≥•≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ '≤)3 ®©≥¥Ø≤π ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• •∏¥≤°£¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ %©≤©´ $≤©¶¥ )/$0 3©¥• 5G/< ¢•¥∑••Æ TGJ °Æ§ .. -° 4Ø °£®©•∂• ¥®©≥ ∑• ®°∂• §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ °Æ ©Æ§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ Ø≤¢©¥°¨)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ °ß• ≠ا•¨ ØÆ• ض ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ¶Ø≤ ®©ß®)¨°¥©¥µ§• ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ §µ≤©Æß ©.('+ °Æ§ ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ ≠µ¨¥©)∞≤Ø∏π ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ ≠°ßÆ•¥©£ §°¥°≥•¥≥ ¥®°¥ ¥≤°£´ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• °Æ§ ≥©∫• ض ߨ°£©°¨¨π)•≤ا•§ ¥•≤≤©ß•Æص≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §•¨©∂•≤•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥¥µ§π ≥©¥• ¢π ¢Ø¥® ©£•)≤°¶¥©Æß °Æ§ ¥®• 7•≥¥•≤Æ "صƧ°≤π 5Ƨ•≤£µ≤≤•Æ¥ 4®•≥• ≤•£Ø≤§≥ •Æ°¢¨• ¥®• ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ '≤)3 •∏¥•Æ¥≥ Ø∂•≤ ¥®©≥ ´•π ∞•≤©Ø§ ©Æ ©¥≥ ®©≥¥Ø≤π °Æ§ ≠°π ßØ ≥Ø≠• ∑°π ¥Ø ≤•∂•°¨©Æß ¥®• §••∞ Ø£•°ÆI≥ ≤ب• ©Æ ¥®©≥ ≠°™Ø≤ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ

$••∞∑°¥•≤ ≠µ§≤Ø£´ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °Æ§ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π ©Æ ¥®• 0•≤≠Ø/4≤©°≥≥©£ ©£•®Øµ≥• ¥Ø ß≤••Æ®Øµ≥• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ. +°≤ØØ "°≥©Æ. 3ص¥® !¶≤©£°

+œ∂©Æ "ص¨•≥¥•©∏ 5.?  3¥•∞®•Æ &¨©Æ¥  +•∂©Æ 4°π¨Ø≤ . -©±µ•¨ 0Øπ°¥Ø≥)-Ø≤œ  $°∂©§ (اß≥ØÆ G

3 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5 + . -µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ 3®°¨• '°≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5 + , 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5 +

´•∂©Æ ¢Øµ¨•≥¥•©∏$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

-°Æπ ≠µ§≤Ø£´)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ §µ• ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ ¶©Æ•)ß≤°©Æ•§ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ¨Ø∑)•Æ•≤ßπ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ∞≤©Æ£©∞°¨¨π ¢π ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ≥•¥¥¨©Æß ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• ∑°¥•≤ £Ø¨µ≠Æ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ®π∞Ø∞π£Æ°¨ ∞¨µ≠•≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ≤•£•Æ¥ ∑Ø≤´≥ ®°∂• ¢•ßµÆ ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ≥µ¢¥¨• ≥¥°£´©Æß ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ©Æ ¥®•≥• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ° ≤•)•∏°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠µ§ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ®°≥ ≤•£ØßÆ©≥•§ ¥®• £Ø≠≠ØÆ Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• ض ®©ß®) •Æ•≤ßπ ©Æ¥•≤≠©¥¥•Æ¥ •∂•Æ¥≥ ≥µ£® °≥ §©≥¥°¨ ®π∞•≤∞π£Æ°¨ Ø≤ ∑°∂•)•Æ®°Æ£•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ -Ø≤•Ø∂•≤ ≤•£•Æ¥ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ®°∂• ≥®Ø∑Æ ¥®°¥ ≠Ø≥¥ ض ¥®• ≠µ§ ∞°≤¥©£¨•≥ ¥≤°∂•¨ °≥ ≥©¨¥ Ø≤ ≥°Æ§)≥©∫• £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥• ß≤°©Æ≥ ©Æ •©¥®•≤ ¢•§ ¨Ø°§ Ø≤ ≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ ¨Ø°§ 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ©≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• 0•≤≠©°Æ ≠µ§≤Ø£´ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• +°≤ØØ "°≥©Æ ∑©¥® ° ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ¶Ø£µ≥ ØÆ ¥®• -©§§¨• ¥Ø ,°¥• 0•≤≠©°Æ 4©•≤¢•≤ß &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ %££° '≤ص∞ 4®©≥ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• 0•≤≠©°Æ ©£•®Øµ≥• ¥Ø ß≤••Æ®Øµ≥• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ¨©Æ´•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• ≤°∞©§ ≠Ø∂•≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• !¶≤©£°Æ 0¨°¥• ¶≤Ø≠ ®©ß® ¥Ø ¨Ø∑•≤ ¨°¥©¥µ§•≥ ! -=/ ≠)¨ØÆß ¶µ¨¨π)£Ø≤•§ ∑•¨¨ ©Æ ¥®• 4°Æ±µ° §•∞Ø£•Æ¥≤• •Æ£Ø≠∞°≥≥•≥ ¥®• •Æ¥©≤• 4©•≤¢•≤ß &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ £Ø≠∞≤©≥©Æß ≠°©Æ¨π ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 0≤•¨©≠©Æ°≤π £Ø≤• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ£• ض ∑•¨¨ ¢•§§•§ ∞°£´°ß•≥ °¨¥•≤Æ°¥©Æß ∑©¥® ° ¶•∑ ≠)≥£°¨• §©≥¥Ø≤¥•§ ®Ø≤©∫ØÆ≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ≥¨µ≠∞•§ Ø≤ ≤•≠Ø¢©¨©∫•§ µÆ©¥≥ %≤Ø≥©∂•)¢°≥•§ ¶©Æ©Æß)µ∞∑°≤§ ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ• ¢•§≥ °≤• ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ ∑©¥® ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•)∞≤ØÆ• ¢•§≥ °¥ ° ≠≠ ¥Ø £≠ ≥£°¨• ©Æ§©£°¥©Æß ≤•ßµ¨°≤ ¶¨µ£¥µ°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ •Æ•≤ßπ /Æ• ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ≥¥≤°Æ§ ض ¥®• ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ©≥ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ¥®• §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢¨• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• ¥®©£´ ≠µ§≤Ø£´ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ¥Ø £Ø≠∞°≤• ¥®• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ¢°¨°Æ£• ∑©¥® ¢•¥¥•≤ §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ ß≤••Æ®Øµ≥• ≠µ§≤Ø£´≥ ض ¥®• 7•≥¥•≤Æ )Æ¥•≤©Ø≤ ¢°≥©Æ 53! °Æ§ #°Æ°§° !ÆØ¥®•≤ ≥¥≤°Æ§ ©≥ ¥Ø §•≤©∂• ° ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ ¥®©≥ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ §•¥°©¨•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ∑®©£® ≠°π µ¨¥©≠°¥•¨π °¨¨Ø∑ ° ≠Ø≤• £Øƶ©§•Æ¥ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ° ¨°¥•≤°¨¨π •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥ ≥°Æ§)≤©£® ¢°≥©Æ ¶¨ØØ≤ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ Øƨπ J/ ´≠ °£≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤©´•

<.

"°≥©Æ/3£°¨• -©Æ•≤°¨ °Æ§ &¨µ©§ 0≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °¥ ° ,Ø∑•≤ #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ 0¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ -°≤ß©Æ

#°¥®•≤©Æ• *°Æ• "≤•©≥¨©Æ 5 #°¥®π (ب¨©≥  *©≠ -°≤≥®°¨¨ . *©≠ 2©§©Æß G !¨°ÆÆ° *µ•≤ß•≥ J 6°Æ•≥≥° "°Æ´≥ G

 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠ . 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,©∂•≤∞Øب 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠ , "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠  3®•¨¨ )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ %∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ

£°¥®•≤©Æ• ¢≤•©≥¨©Æ$≠°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

&°µ¨¥)£ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥• ®°≥ ¢••Æ ∑•¨¨ ≥¥µ§©•§ °Æ§ §•≥£≤©¢•§ ©Æ ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ¨Ø£°¨©¥©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0•ÆÆ©Æ• "°≥©Æ °Æ§ .Ø≤¥® 7°¨•≥ &¨µ©§ ¶¨Ø∑ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥ ¶¨µ©§ ∂بµ≠•≥ ¶Ø≤ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ £Øµ¨§ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≥µ∞∞¨©•§ °¨ØÆß ¶°µ¨¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ™µ∏¥°∞Ø≥•§ ¢°≥©Æ°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ¢µ¥ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ 0(2%%1 ≠ا•¨≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ©Æ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥ -ß 2•°£¥©∂• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ≠ا•¨≥ 24- ≥®Ø∑ ß•Ø¥®•≤≠°¨ £ØÆ∂•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•°∑°¥•≤ £Øµ¨§ ®°∂• Ø££µ≤≤•§ ¢µ¥ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ §°¥° ©≥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥•Æ¥ ∑©¥® §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ •∂ب∂•§ ¢°≥©Æ°¨ ¢≤©Æ•≥ ¥®°¥ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥•§ ∑©¥® ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§MØ≤ ∂ب£°Æ©£≥ 7®°¥ ©≥ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ©≥ ∑®•¥®•≤ ß•Ø¥®•≤≠°¨ £ØÆ∂•£¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ° ∞≤•£µ≤≥Ø≤ ¥Ø §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ ¢π ¶¨µ©§≥ •∏∞•¨¨•§ ¢π ¢°≥©Æ §•∑°¥•≤©Æß °Æ§ ©¶ ≥µ£® ° ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ©≥ ض ߨآ°¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ£• 4®• $•≤¢π≥®©≤• 0¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ©≥ ° ≤©≠≠•§ ≥®•¨¶ ¥®• ∑•≥¥•≤Æ≠Ø≥¥ •∏∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• %°≥¥ -©§¨°Æ§≥ 0¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ /Æ ¥®• 3% ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ≠°≤ß©Æ =/´≠. ض 6©≥•°Æ ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ•≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©∫•§ ¶Ø≤≠©Æß ¥∑Ø ≠°™Ø≤ ¢Ø§©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ≠°™Ø≤ .7 W 3% ¥≤•Æ§©Æß ¢°≥•≠•Æ¥ ¨©Æ•°≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ∂ب£°Æ©£≥ 4®• ØÆ≥•¥ ض £Ø≠∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ°¨ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• 6°≤©≥£°Æ /≤Øß•Æπ ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ∞®°≥•≥ ض .7)3% °Æ§ .%)37 ¥≤•Æ§©Æß ¶°µ¨¥M¶≤°£¥µ≤• £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ £°¨£©¥• £•≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ 0¢):Æ)&)"° ≠©Æ•≤°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π µ≥•≥ ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ Æ•∑¨π °∂°©¨°¢¨• £Ø≤• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• $•≤¢π≥®©≤•) %°≥¥ -©§¨°Æ§≥ 0¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ¥Ø ¢•¥¥•≤ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ¥©≠©Æß °Æ§ ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠ ¶Ø≤ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ $بØ≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ ©≥ µ≥µ°¨¨π ¶°¢≤©£ §•≥¥≤µ£¥©∂• ∑©¥® ° ≤°Æß• ض ¥•∏¥µ≤•≥ ¥®°¥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ∞®°≥•≥ ض ¶¨µ©§ ¶¨µ∏ '•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ §°¥° ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ≥¨©ß®¥¨π ≠ا©¶©•§ ≥•°∑°¥•≤ ∑©¥® ° £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ®π§≤Ø¥®•≤≠°¨ ¶¨µ©§≥ ∑°≥ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢¨• ¶Ø≤ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ .•∑ §°¥° ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ° ≤•¶©Æ•§ ∞°≤°ß•Æ•≥©≥ ©≥ ÆØ∑ ¢•©Æß µ≥•§ ¥Ø ¥•≥¥ ¥®• ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ ¥®°¥ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ ¢π ß•Ø¥®•≤≠°¨ £ØÆ∂•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•°∑°¥•≤ §µ≤©Æß •°≤¨π ¢µ≤©°¨ ∑°≥ °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ∞≤•)≤•±µ©≥©¥• ¶Ø≤ ¨°¥•≤ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥©≥°¥©ØÆ ¢π ®Ø¥¥•≤ ≠Ø≤• •∂ب∂•§ ¢°≥©Æ°¨ ¢≤©Æ•≥ $•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ¶••§¢°£´ ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®•≥• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ®°≥ ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¥Ø ©Æ¶Ø≤≠ °≤ßµ≠•Æ¥≥ ¥®°¥ ¶°∂ص≤ ≠°≥≥ ¶¨µ©§ ¥≤°Æ≥¶•≤ §µ≤©Æß ¢µ≤©°¨ §©°ß•Æ•≥©≥

4®• ¨ØÆß/¥•≤≠ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °Æ •∏®µ≠•§ §••∞∑°¥•≤ ≥¥•∞∞•§/≥¨Ø∞• ∞≤ض©¨•

(°ÆÆ°® ,* "≤ØØ´≥ 5 $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ 5 2µ¶µ≥ , "≤µÆ¥ ? 3¥•∞®•Æ 3 &¨©Æ¥ ? *•¶¶ 0•°´°¨¨ 5

3 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+ . 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® !¥≠Ø≥∞®•≤©£ °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5+

••®¨¢$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

4®• •¶¶•£¥≥ ض £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ≥¨Ø∞• °Æߨ• °Æ§ Ø≤©•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥•§ ©Æ ≠°Æπ ∞®π≥©£°¨ °Æ§ Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ©Æ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• °Æ§ ≠ا•≤Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ¨ØÆß)¥•≤≠ ©≠∞°£¥ ض ¶©∏•§ °Æ§ §πÆ°≠©£ ≥•°¢•§ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ØÆ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©≥ ≠Ø≤• £®°¨¨•Æß©Æß ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ %∏¥•Æ≥©∂• §•¥°©¨•§ ¶©•¨§∑Ø≤´ ©Æ ¥®• +°≤ØØ "°≥©Æ 3ص¥® !¶≤©£° ®°≥ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥•§ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ£• ض ° ≥¥•∞∞•§ ≥¨Ø∞• ∞≤ض©¨• ∑®©£® ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥π ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•£Ø≤§ ض ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §©≥∞•≤≥°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ °Æ§ ≥µ¢¥¨• ≥•°¢•§ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ¶Ø£µ≥•≥ ØÆ ¥®• 0•≤≠©°Æ ,°©Æß≥¢µ≤ß °Æ§ &Ø≤¥ "≤Ø∑Æ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑®•≤• ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ¨°≤ß• ≥°Æ§)≤©£® ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 5Æ©¥≥ !)& ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≠°∞∞•§ ¶≤Ø≠ •Æ¥≤•Æ£®•§ ≥¨Ø∞• ∂°¨¨•π≥ ¥®≤ص߮ £®°ÆÆ•¨)¨•∂•• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥Ø ¢°≥©Æ)¶¨ØØ≤ ¨Ø¢• £Ø≠∞¨•∏•≥ Ø∂•≤ ° .=// ´≠ ? °≤•° (•≤• ∑• ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®©ÆÆ•≤ ¥π∞©£°¨¨π ]= ≠ ©Æ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °Æ§ ¨•≥≥ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• 5Æ©¥≥ !M" "M# °Æ§ $M% ∑®©£® °≤• §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£°¨¨π ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ¨°≤ß•≤ ≥£°¨• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 4π∞©£°¨¨π ¥®•≥• µÆ©¥≥ °≤• ≥®°≤∞)¢°≥•§ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§)≤©£® ∑©¥® ≥£Øµ≤≥ °Æ§ ≠µ§£¨°≥¥ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ ¥®°¥ ©Æ§©£°¥• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ®©ß®)•Æ•≤ß𠶨Ø∑≥ 4®• ≠°∞∞•§ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ≥µßß•≥¥ ° ¨Ø¢°¥• ¶Ø≤≠ 4®•≥• µÆ©¥≥ ∑•≤• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ≥©≠©¨°≤ ≥∞°¥©°¨ ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ)¶©¨¨ °Æ§ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ¥®• ≥¨Ø∞• ∞≤©Ø≤ ¥Ø ¥®• ¨°≤ß•≤ " # °Æ§ % ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 4®°¥ °≤•°≥ ض ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ≥¨Ø∞• °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ∑•≤• ≠°©Æ¥°©Æ•§ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ££•≥≥©∂• §••∞∑°¥•≤ µÆ©¥≥ ≥µßß•≥¥≥ °Æ µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب 4®• ¨°≤ß•≤)≥£°¨• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑•≤• °¨≥Ø °¶¶•£¥•§ ¢π ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®©≥ ≥¨Ø∞• °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ¢µ¥ ¥®©≥ ©≥ ∞ØØ≤¨π ≤•£Ø≤§•§ °≥ ¥®•π ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ≠ا©¶©•§ ¥®• ≥¨Ø∞• ∞≤ض©¨• °≥ ¥®•π •∂ب∂•§ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ≥®Ø∑≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≥≠°¨¨•≤ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °≤• ° ≠Ø≤• ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂• ≤•£Ø≤§ ض •∂ب∂©Æß ≥•°¢•§ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π+ ¥®•π £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≤•£≤•°¥• ≠Ø≤• °££µ≤°¥• ∞°¨°•Ø¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®©£ ∞≤ض©¨•≥ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ¢•¥¥•≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• §πÆ°≠©£ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ض •∂ب∂©Æß ≥¨Ø∞• ≥π≥¥•≠≥

4≤©°≥≥©£ 0°¨πÆبØßπ> £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 3´°ß•≤≤°´ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• £•Æ¥≤°¨ .Ø≤¥® 3•° 2Øß•≤ "µ≤ß•≥≥  $°∂©§ *ب¨•π °Æ§ !§≤©°Æ (°≤¥¨•π 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ

≤Øß•≤ ¢µ≤ß•≥≥$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

4®• 3´°ß•≤≤°´ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ° -©§),°¥• 4≤©°≥≥©£ £¨°≥¥©£ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• £•Æ¥≤°¨ .Ø≤¥® 3•° £Ø≠∞≤©≥©Æß °¨¥•≤Æ°¥©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ °Æ§ ∞¨°π°M¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≠•≠¢•≤≥ 4®• 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ≠•≠¢•≤≥ ¶Ø≤≠ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ∞≤©≠°≤π °Æ§ ≥•£ØƧ°≤π ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• 5+#3 ∑®©¨≥¥ ¥®• ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ• ≠•≠¢•≤≥ £°Æ °£¥ °≥ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¢°¶¶¨•≥M≥•°¨≥ °Æ§ ¨•°§ ¥Ø ¥®• £Ø≠∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥°¨©≥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ (π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ •∏¥≤°£¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ®°≠∞•≤•§ ¢π ° ¨°£´ ض ´ÆØ∑¨•§ß• ≤•ß°≤§©Æß £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ °¥ ° ¢°≥©Æ°¨ ≥µ¢)¢°≥©Æ°¨ °Æ§ ¶©•¨§ ≥£°¨• °Æ§ ¥Ø §°¥• ¥®• ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ+ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≠•≠¢•≤≥ ©≥ ≥¥©¨¨ ∞ØØ≤¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا 0°¨πÆبØßπ ©≥ ° ∞Ø∑•≤¶µ¨ ¥Øب ¶Ø≤ ∑•¨¨ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ °ß• °≥≥•≥≥≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ©≥ ≤ص¥©Æ•¨π µ≥•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ∞•¥≤ب•µ≠ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π (Ø∑•∂•≤ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥ °¥¥•≠∞¥≥ °¥ µ¥©¨©≥©Æß ∞°¨πÆبØßπ ¶≤Ø≠ 4≤©°≥≥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• #•Æ¥≤°¨ .Ø≤¥® 3•° ®°∂• ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π 𩕨§•§ ∞ØØ≤ ≤•£Ø∂•≤𠧵• ¥Ø ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 0$# §≤©¨¨©Æß ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ Ø©¨ ¢°≥•§ ≠µ§≥ ∞ØØ≤ ∞°¨πÆØ≠Ø≤∞® ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ®•°∂©¨π Ø∏©§©≥•§ Æ°¥µ≤• ض ¥®•≥• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ "π µ¥©¨©≥©Æß ≥¥°¥• ض ¥®• °≤¥ ∞°¨πÆبØßπ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥©Æß ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π °©≠≥ ¥Ø ≠°∏©≠©≥• °Æ§ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥• ∞°¨πÆØ≠Ø≤∞® £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ §≤©¨¨£Ø≤• °Æ§ ∑•¨¨ £µ¥¥©Æß≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ° ≤Ø¢µ≥¥ °ß• ≠ا•¨ ∞≤Ø∂©§©Æß ¥®• £®≤ØÆØ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ Æ••§•§ ¥Ø °££µ≤°¥•¨π £Ø≤≤•¨°¥• ¥®• §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≠•≠¢•≤≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• 3´°ß•≤≤°´ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ °¨¨Ø∑©Æß ¶Ø≤ °££µ≤°¥• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ 4®• ¶Ø£µ≥ ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ©≥ ØÆ ±µ°§≤°Æ¥≥ .. .- U G/ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• #•Æ¥≤°¨ .Ø≤¥® 3•° ∑©¥® ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ∑Ø≤´•§ ∞¨°ÆÆ•§ ¥Ø •∏¥•Æ§ ¥®• ≥¥µ§π °≤•° ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• .Ø≤∑•ß©°Æ .Ø≤¥® 3•° °Æ§ .Ø≤¥®•≤Æ .Ø≤¥® 3•° 4®©≥ ∑©¨¨ ¥®•Æ °¨¨Ø∑ ¶Ø≤ ° ¢•¥¥•≤ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• 3´°ß•≤≤°´ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ .Ø≤¥® 3•° °Æ§ ®•¨∞ °©§ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ •∏∞¨Ø©¥°¥©ØÆ

#ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥> ° ®©•≤°≤£®©£°¨ °∞∞≤Ø°£® ¥Ø ¥®• £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £≤•∂°≥≥•/≥∞¨°π §•∞Ø≥©¥≥*

#°¥®•≤©Æ• "µ≤Æ≥  .©ß•¨ 0 -صƥƕπ $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ ,µ£° #بØ≠¢•≤° &¨µ∂©°¨ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠

••D+£•¢$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

&¨µ∂©°¨ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ض ¥®• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•£Ø≤§ ¢µ¥ ¨•≥≥ °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ∞°©§ ¥Ø ¥®•≥• ¶©Æ•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ ¥Ø ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π £Ø°≤≥•≤)ß≤°©Æ•§ ©Æ)£®°ÆÆ•¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ ≥••´≥ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ®Ø∑ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ °≤• £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥•§ °Æ§ ®Ø∑ ¥®•π °≤• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•£Ø≤§ 4®©≥ ©≥ °£®©•∂•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ° £Ø≠∞°≤°¥©∂• ≥¥µ§π ض ¥®≤•• °Æ£©•Æ¥ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ Ø∂•≤¢°Æ´ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ -Ø≤≤©≥ØÆ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ+ #°≥¥¨•ß°¥• 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ .•≥¨•Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ° ≤°Æß• ض = °Æ°¨Øßص≥ ≠ا•≤Æ Ø∂•≤¢°Æ´ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 1µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• °≥∞•£¥≥ ض ¥®• ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ض ¥®•≥• ≥∞¨°π ¢Ø§©•≥ °≤• ≥¥Ø≤•§ ©Æ ° ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ §°¥°¢°≥• &!+43 )Æ Ø∂•≤¢°Æ´ °≤•°≥ °§™°£•Æ¥ ¥Ø ¶¨µ∂©°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ £≤•∂°≥≥•)≥∞¨°π §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ §≤©∂•≥ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ °ßß≤°§°¥©ØÆ #ØÆ≥¥©¥µ•Æ¥ ≥∞¨°π £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ °≤• °≤≤°Æß•§ °¥ ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ≥∞°¥©°¨ °Æ§ ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ ≥£°¨•≥0 © ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ °≤©≥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ ∂©° ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥+ ©© ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ •∂•Æ¥ ¢•§≥ T ≠ ¥®©£´ £Ø≠∞≤©≥©Æß ØÆ• Ø≤ ≠Ø≤• ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®©Æ °Æ§ ¶©Æ• °∑°π ¶≤Ø≠ ∞°≤•Æ¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ≥©Æߨ• ¶¨Øا •∂•Æ¥ ¥©≠•≥£°¨•+ ©©© ! £≤•∂°≥≥•)≥∞¨°π £Ø≠∞≤©≥©Æß ß•Æ•¥©£°¨¨π ≤•¨°¥•§ £Ø≥•¥≥ ض ≥¥≤°¥° µ∞ ¥Ø G ≠ ¥®©£´ ¥®°¥ ≤•£Ø≤§ ¥®• ©Æ©¥©°¥©ØÆ ß≤Ø∑¥® °Æ§ °¢°Æ§ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ض ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ∞°≤¥≥ ض ¥®• ≥∞¨°π /  ¥Ø / . π•°≤ ¥©≠•≥£°¨•+ ©∂ ! ≥¥°£´ ض ß•Æ•¥©£°¨¨π ≤•¨°¥•§ ≥∞¨°π≥ ¥®°¥ ®°∂• ° ß•Øß≤°∞®©£°¨¨π £Ø≠≠ØÆ ¢≤•°´Øµ¥ ∞Ø©Æ¥ / . ¥Ø / G π•°≤ ¥©≠•≥£°¨•+ ∂ ≥∞¨°π ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥©Æß ° ß≤ص∞ ض ≥∞¨°π £Ø≠∞¨•∏•≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ÆØ¥ ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥°≠• ¢≤•°´Øµ¥ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢µ¥ ∑®©£® °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ©Æ ° ≥©Æߨ• ¶¨Øا ¢°≥©Æ / G ¥Ø / J π•°≤ ¥©≠•≥£°¨•≥ 2•≥µ¨¥≥ ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ®°∂• •Æ°¢¨•§ ¥®• £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• ¶°£©•≥ ≠ا•¨≥ ¥®°¥ ¨©Æ´ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض £≤•∂°≥≥•)≥∞¨°π •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø •∏¥•≤Æ°¨ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ¶Ø≤≠ $°¥°¢°≥• ص¥∞µ¥ £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ¥•≥¥ ¥®• ≤ب• ض ¢Ø¥® °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ≥µ£® °≥ £¨©≠°¥• °Æ§ ¢°≥©Æ ¥π∞• °Æ§ °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ∞°≤•Æ¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶Ø≤≠ °Æ§ ©Æ¥≤©Æ≥©£ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ°≤π ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ ©Æ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨©Æß ≥∞¨°π £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ

$µÆ• £≤Ø≥≥/≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥

)≥°¢•¨ §• #°¨° 5. 2Ø¢•≤¥ $Ø≤≤•¨¨  ,°∑≤•Æ£• !≠π . -°≤£Ø 0°¥°££©  °Æ§ 7©¨¨©°≠ -£#°¶¶≤•π 

3 4µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+ . 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π #ب¨•ß• $µ¢¨©Æ $µ¢¨©Æ  )≤•¨°Æ§

©≥°¢•¨ §•£°¨°$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

$µÆ• £≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ° £Ø≠≠ØÆ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ©Æ ≠°Æ𠧕∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ §•≥∞©¥• ¢•©Æß ≥¥°¢¨• °£≤Ø≥≥ ° ≤°Æß• ض ß≤°©Æ≥©∫•≥ °Æ§ ¶¨Ø∑ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ §µÆ•≥ °≤• ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ≤°≤• ©Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ !≤ÆØ¥¥ ./. 7®•Æ ¥®•π §Ø Ø££µ≤ ¥®•π £≤•°¥• ° §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ¶°£©•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥•±µ•Æ£• ¥®°¥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ©Æ ¢Ø¥® °Æ£©•Æ¥ °Æ§ ≠ا•≤Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ °≥ ∞°≤¥ ض ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ 0≤•∂©Øµ≥ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ®°∂• ≥ص߮¥ ¥Ø ≥µßß•≥¥ •∏∞¨°Æ°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®©≥ µ≥µ°¨¨π °¢≥•Æ¥ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ©Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥0 7πÆÆ •¥ °¨  .//. ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ §µÆ•≥ ¶Ø≤≠ ©Æ °≤•°≥ ∑®•≤• ¶¨Ø∑≥ µÆ§•≤ßØ ®π§≤°µ¨©£)™µ≠∞≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨)¨Ø¢• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ∫ØÆ• ©• ∑®•Æ ¶¨Ø∑≥ •∏∞•≤©•Æ£• ®©ß®•≤ ¨•∂•¨≥ ض ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ£• °Æ§ ¨Ø∑•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ+ +Æ•¨¨•≤ U -£#°¶¶≤•π.//G ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥• ° ≠ا•¨ ∑®©£® ¨©Æ´≥ §µÆ• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ∑®•Æ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ Æ•°≤ ¥®• ¢•§ ©≥ ¨Ø∑+ 3¥•∞®•Æ≥ØÆ •¥ ° ¨./= ≥¥≤•≥≥ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ£• ض £Ø°≤≥• ß≤°©Æ•§ £≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¢°≥°¨ ≥¨Ø∞• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶©¨¨≥ ∑®•≤• §µÆ•≥ ¶Ø≤≠ ¢•Æ•°¥® ¶¨Ø∑≥ ∑©¥® ¨Ø∑ °ßß≤°§°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ °≥ ¶©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©≥ ¢π∞°≥≥•§ §Ø∑Æ)≥π≥¥•≠ 7®©¨≥¥ ∞≤©Ø≤ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ §µÆ• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ≠°π °¨¨ ¢• ∂°¨©§ ¨©¥¥¨• ∑Ø≤´ ®°≥ ¢••Æ §ØÆ• ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ¥®• ¨°≤ß•≤)≥£°¨• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ¥®•©≤ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ 4®• Ø∂•≤°¨¨ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ßØ°¨ ©≥ ¥Ø ¢•¥¥•≤ §•¶©Æ• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¶Ø≤ §µÆ• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °£≤Ø≥≥ ° ≤°Æß• ض •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ° ≥πÆ¥®•≥©≥ ض °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ &Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• ≥π≥¥•≠°¥©£ •∂°¨µ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≥∞°¥©°¨ Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• ض §µÆ•≥ ©Æ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ©≥ ¨°£´©Æß °¥ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥£°¨• !¥ ¶©•¨§ ≥£°¨• ∑Ø≤´ ©≥ Æ••§•§ ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ض §µÆ• ≥∞°¥©°¨ Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• ¢π ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥©Æß ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ©Æ ∑®©£® §µÆ•≥ ®°∂• ¶Ø≤≠•§ °Æ§ ©§•Æ¥©¶π©Æß £Ø≠≠ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¨•°§©Æß ¥Ø §µÆ• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ )Æ©¥©°¨ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¶©•¨§ ∑Ø≤´ §ØÆ• ØÆ ¥®• ∞ØƧ•§ %Ø)/¨©ßØ£•Æ• ¶©¨¨ ض ¥®• 0©•≤° #°∂° ≠©Æ©¢°≥©Æ 3% &≤°Æ£• ¶ØµÆ§ ¥®°¥ §µÆ•≥ °≤• ¨Ø£°¨¨π £Ø≠≠ØÆ ©Æ ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ £¨Ø≥• ¥Ø ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ ©Æ¢ØµÆ§ ¢°≥• ض ≥¨Ø∞• ¢µ¥ °¢≥•Æ¥ ©Æ ≠•§©°¨ °Æ§ §©≥¥°¨ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ = ¥Ø / ´≠ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ≥®Ø≤¥)≤°Æß• £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ≥®Ø∑ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ¨Ø£°¨ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ ©Æ §µÆ• •∏¥•Æ¥ ©Æ ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ !Æ ©Æ©¥©°¨ ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ ©≥ ¥®•Æ ∞Ø≥•§ °≥ ¥Ø ∑®•¥®•≤ ¥®•≥• §µÆ•≥ °≤• Æ°¥µ≤°¨¨π ∂°≤©°¢¨• ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥π≥¥•≠ Ø≤ ®°∂• ™µ≥¥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ °¥ ¥®• •§ß• ض ° §µÆ• ¶©•¨§

4•≥¥©Æß ¥®• ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂©¥π ض ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ∞®°≥• ≥∞°£•- ¶¨Ø∑ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ∂≥* ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £Ø®•≥©ØÆ

)≥°¢•¨ §• #°¨° 5. ? $°Æ©•¨ 0°≤≥ØÆ≥ 

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Øß≤°∞®π %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض (µ¨¨ (5* 28 5+ . 4µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+

©≥°¢•¨ §•£°¨°$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

4®• ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ¥•≥¥≥ ¥®• ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂©¥π ض ∂°Æ $•Æ "•≤ß °Æ§ ∂°Æ '•¨§•≤I≥ --G ¢•§¶Ø≤≠)∞®°≥• §©°ß≤°≠ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ÆØÆ)£Ø®•≥©∂• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ )¥ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥•≥ ®Ø∑ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¢π ∂°≤π©Æß ¨•∂•¨≥ ض £¨°π)≤•¨°¥•§ ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• £Ø®•≥©ØÆ °£≤Ø≥≥ ° G$ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ∞®°≥• ≥∞°£• £Ø≠∞≤©≥©Æß ∂•¨Ø£©¥π)≤•¨°¥•§ ≠Ø¢©¨©¥π ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ß≤°©Æ≥©∫• °Æ§ £Ø®•≥©ØÆ ) £¶ 3£®©Æ§¨•≤ •¥ °¨ ./= °Æ§ "°°≥ •¥ °¨ ./G ∑®Ø ´•∞¥ ∂•¨Ø£©¥©•≥ £ØÆ≥¥°Æ¥ 4®• ∞≤Ø™•£¥ °¨≥Ø ≥¥µ§©•≥ ∑©ÆÆØ∑©Æß ∑®©£® ©≥ ÆØ¥ ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥¨π °££ØµÆ¥•§ ¶Ø≤ ©Æ •©¥®•≤ Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ≠ا•¨≥ Ø≤ ©Æ ≤•≥•°≤£® £ØƧµ£¥•§ ¥Ø ¥•≥¥ ¥®•≠ !£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ≥¥µ§©•≥ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ≤°Æß• ¶¨Ø∑ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ≥ ¢µ©¨¥ ØÆ ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æߨπ £Ø®•≥©∂• ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥•≥ ∑•≤• ≥≠°¨¨•≤ °Æ§ ¨•≥≥ ≥¥••∞ ¥®°Æ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ¢µ©¨¥ ØÆ £Ø®•≥©Øƨ•≥≥ ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥•≥ 4®• ∑©ÆÆØ∑©Æß ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ®©ß®¨©ß®¥≥ ° ≠Ø≤• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≤ب• ض £¨°π ©Æ ° ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• ¥®°Æ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ≤•£ØßÆ©≥•§ ¢π 3£®©Æ§¨•≤ •¥ °¨ ./=0 ∑©ÆÆØ∑©Æß ∞≤Ø≠Ø¥•≥ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ß≤Ø∑¥® ¢π ≤•≠Ø∂©Æß £¨°π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• °Æ§ ≤•§µ£•≥ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ®•©ß®¥ ¢π £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©Æß O£¨°π ®Ø≤©∫ØÆ≥I 4®©≥ ≤•≥•°≤£® °¨≥Ø ≤•£ØßÆ©≥•≥ ¥®°¥ ¶¨Ø∑ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• ° ≥©≠µ¨¥°Æ•Øµ≥ °Æ§ ≥Ø≠•¥©≠•≥ ß≤•°¥•≤ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• Ø∂•≤ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°Æ £¨°π ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ §µ• ¥Ø •¶¶•£¥≥ ض ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ£• °Æ§ ¥®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض µ∞∞•≤ ≥¥°ß• ∞¨°Æ• ¢•§ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ µ∞ØÆ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ¥®°¥ °≥ ° ≤•≥µ¨¥ ∑•≤• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ¥Ø ¢•£Ø≠• ¨•≥≥ ≥¥••∞ °Æ§ ®µ≠∞¢°£´•§ ©Æ ≥®°∞• #°≤¨©Æß •¥ °¨ ./// )¥ ©≥ ≥µßß•≥¥•§ ∑®•Æ £°¨£µ¨°¥©Æß ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ≥¥••∞Æ•≥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ®•©ß®¥ °Æ§ ∑°∂•¨•Æߥ® ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ≥®°∞• ≥®Øµ¨§ °¨≥Ø ¢• ¥°´•Æ ©Æ¥Ø °££ØµÆ¥ °≥ ¥®©≥ £°Æ §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ∑®•¥®•≤ ¥®• ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ®•©ß®¥M≥¥••∞Æ•≥≥ ©≥ ¨©´•¨π ¥Ø ¢• ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥ ض ¶¨Ø∑ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ Ø≤ ≥µ¢≥¥≤°¥• £¨°π £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ %≠∞©≤©£°¨ £Ø≠∞©¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥¥••∞Æ•≥≥M®•©ß®¥ °Æ§ £¨°π £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ •ß 3£®©Æ§¨•≤ •¥ °¨ ./= ≠°π ¨•°§ ¥Ø Ø∂•≤•≥¥©≠°¥•≥ ¥Ø ¥®• •∏¥•Æ¥ ¥Ø ∑®©£® £¨°π £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•≥ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ≥¥••∞Æ•≥≥ °Æ§ ®•©ß®¥ ∑©¥®Øµ¥ £ØÆ≥©§•≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ ≥®°∞•

<=

'•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ §©≥£≤©≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 5∞∞•≤ #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ ∂ب£°Æ©£¨°≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥- +°ÆÆ°∂©Øµ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. 7 #π∞≤µ≥ 'µØ®µ© #®•Æ  !¨°≥¥°©≤ 2Ø¢•≤¥≥ØÆ 3£®Øب ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(+ ,&% 5+

ߵخµ© £®•Æ$•§ °£ µ´

6ب£°Æ©£¨°≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ £°Æ ∞≤Ø∂©§• £≤©¥©£°¨ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ £ØÆ£•≤Æ©Æß ©≥¨°Æ§ °≤£ ß•Æ•≥©≥ •©¥®•≤ ©Æ °Æ Ø£•°Æ©£ Ø≤ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ ≥•¥¥©Æß 4®• ,°¥• #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ £ -/ -° 4≤ØاØ≥ Ø∞®©Ø¨©¥• ©≥ ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π °££•∞¥•§ °≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥©Æß Ø£•°Æ©£ £≤µ≥¥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ ¢π ≥∞≤•°§©Æß §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ©Æ©¥©°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ¢§µ£¥©ØÆ )Æ 7 #π∞≤µ≥ ¥®• Ø∞®©Ø¨©¥• ©≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨¨π Ø∂•≤¨°©Æ ¢π £ <=/≠ ض ∂ب£°Æ©£¨°≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ +°ÆÆ°∂©Øµ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ض #°≠∞°Æ©°Æ)•°≤¨π -°°≥¥≤©£®¥©°Æ °ß• ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ≠©£≤ضØ≥≥©¨ •∂©§•Æ£• -•§©µ≠ ¥Ø £Ø°≤≥•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ∂ب£°Æ©£¨°≥¥©£ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑•≤• ≠Ø≥¥¨π §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ¢π ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•¥¥¨©Æß Øµ¥ ض °©≤)¶°¨¨ ¥µ¶¶ °Æ§ ≤•§•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¢π ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ 4®• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °≤• ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ ∑©¥® ≥≠•£¥©¥•) ≤©£® £¨°π≥ °Æ§ ≤°§©Ø¨°≤©°Æ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑®©£® °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ©Æ ° §••∞)≥•° ≥•¥¥©Æß 4®• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ µÆ§•∂©¥≤©¶©•§ ∂ب£°Æ©£ ߨ°≥≥ ¥Øß•¥®•≤ ∑©¥® £Ø≠≠ØÆ ≠ØÆØ£≤π≥¥°¨¨©Æ• ±µ°≤¥∫ ∞¨°ß©Ø£¨°≥• °Æ§ °Æ§•≥©¥©£ ¥Ø ¶•¨≥©£ ¨©¥®Ø£¨°≥¥≥ ,•≥≥ £Ø≠≠ØÆ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• £¨©ÆØ∞π≤Ø∏•Æ• ≠µ≥£Ø∂©¥• ¢©Ø¥©¥• ®Ø≤Æ¢¨•Æ§• °Æ§ ∞•¨°ß©£ ¢©Ø£¨°≥¥≥ 4®• ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£ •∂©§•Æ£• °Æ§ ≠°™Ø≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥ §©≥£≤©≠©Æ°Æ¥ §©°ß≤°≠≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ° ≠°ß≠°¥©£ °≤£ ≥ص≤£• •ß 3©/ .)+ ./M.° ./ ! §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π Ø£•°Æ©£ ∂ب£°Æ©£ °≤£ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ©≥ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥•§ ¢π ¥≤°£• °Æ§ 2°≤• %°≤¥® %¨•≠•Æ¥ §©≥£≤©≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ ∞¨Ø¥≥ •ß ,°)4®)3£ 4®)3£):≤ °¨¥®Øµß® ° ¶•∑ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ¶°¨¨ ©Æ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ©≥¨°Æ§ °≤£ ¶©•¨§≥ %¨•£¥≤ØÆ ≠©£≤Ø∞≤Ø¢• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ∂ب£°Æ©£ ߨ°≥≥ ß≤°©Æ≥ ©≥ £Ø≠∞°¥©¢¨• ∑©¥® ° ∂ب£°Æ©£ °≤£ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• •ß #°/).° ./)+ ./ 4®• £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ≥ ض §•¥≤©¥°¨ ∞π≤Ø∏•Æ•≥ °≤• ≥µßß•≥¥©∂• ض ¥®Ø¨•©©¥©£ ©≥¨°Æ§ °≤£ ∂ب£°Æ©≥≠ •ß 4©/ .)3©/ .).° ./ 4©/ .)-Æ/).° ./ 0¨°ß©Ø£¨°≥• ¶•¨§≥∞°≤≥ ®°∂• G/)-/P °ÆØ≤¥®©¥• £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥•Æ¥ ∑©¥® ¢°≥©£)©Æ¥•≤≠•§©°¥• ≥ص≤£• ≤Ø£´≥ -Ø≤• •¶¶•£¥©∂• §©≥£≤©≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ £Øµ¨§ ¢• °£®©•∂•§ ¢π ∞¨°ÆÆ•§ ©ØÆ ∞≤Ø¢• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ 3∞©§•≤ §©°ß≤°≠≥ ض ¥®• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¢Ø¥® £®ØƧ≤©¥• °Æ§ 5∞∞•≤ #ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ #≤µ≥¥)ÆØ≤≠°¨©≥•§ ≥®Ø∑ ≥©≠©¨°≤©¥©•≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ Ø£•°Æ©£ ©≥¨°Æ§ °≤£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ≥∞•£©¶©£°¨¨π ,°M4® 4®M#≤ 4®M#Ø °Æ§ #≤M:≤ ≤°¥©Ø≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£ •∂©§•Æ£• ض ¥•≤≤©ß•Æص≥ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ •ß ≠µ≥£Ø∂©¥•+ ≠µ≥£Ø∂©¥• ≥£®©≥¥+ ∞بπ£≤π≥¥°¨¨©Æ• ±µ°≤¥∫ ©≥ ©Æ§©£°¥©∂• ض ° ≥µ¢Ø≤§©Æ°¥• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ 4®• °∂°©¨°¢¨• •∂©§•Æ£• ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ¥®• °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• +°ÆÆ°∂©Øµ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠©∏•§ Ø£•°Æ©£ °≤£ °Æ§ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥

#𣨩£©¥π ض ¥Ø•≥•¥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °≥ ¶•°¥µ≤• ¥Ø ≤•£ØßÆ©∫• ¥©§•/≠اµ¨°¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ $Ø≠•Æ©£Ø #®©°≤•¨¨° $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 2Øπ°¨ (ب¨Ø∑°π 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,ØƧØÆ %ß®°≠ 3µ≤≤•π 47.D D%8 5+

§Ø≠•Æ©£Ø £®©°≤•¨¨°$≤®µ¨ °£ µ´

$©°ßÆØ≥¥©£ £≤©¥•≤©° ¥Ø ≤•£ØßÆ©≥• ¥©§°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≥¥µ§©•§ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂•¨π 4®• ∞•≤©Ø§©£ £π£¨©£°¨ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥∞••§ ¥π∞©£°¨ ض ¥©§°¨ £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ∞≤اµ£• ≥•∂•≤°¨ §©°ßÆØ≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤𠶕°¥µ≤•≥ #Ø≠≠ØÆ ¥©§•)§©°ßÆØ≥¥©£ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤𠧕∞Ø≥©¥≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• ¢©§©≤•£¥©ØÆ°¨ £≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤°¥° ≤•°£¥©∂°¥©ØÆ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ ¥©§°¨ ≤®π¥®≠©¥•≥ °Æ§ ¥©§°¨ ¢µÆ§¨•≥ )Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®•≥• ∑•¨¨)•≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ £≤©¥•≤©° ¨•≥≥ °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ∞°©§ ¥Ø ¥®• ß•Ø≠•¥≤π ض £≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤°¥° )Æ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ¥®• ¥Ø•≥•¥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æßµ¨°≤ ∂•≤≥µ≥ ¥°Æß•Æ¥©°¨ £°Æ ¢• ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• £π£¨©£°¨ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ £Ø≠∞•¥•Æ£• °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ¥©§°¨)≤®π¥®≠©¥•≥ /Æ• ض ¥®• ¨©≠©¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £¨°≥≥©£°¨ £≤©¥•≤©° ©≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®•π °≤• ¢°≥•§ ØÆ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥∞•£©¶©£ ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤≥ ض ®•¥•≤ب©¥®©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ 4®µ≥ ≠°Æπ ض ¥®• §©°ßÆØ≥¥©£ £≤©¥•≤©° ¥Ø ≤•£ØßÆ©∫• ¥©§°¨ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• °≤• ÆØ¥ §©≤•£¥¨π °∞∞¨©£°¢¨• ¥Ø ≥°Æ§)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ &Ø≤ ¥®©≥ ≤•°≥ØÆ ¥®• ≤•£ØßÆ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥©§°¨ £π£¨©£©¥π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¥Ø•≥•¥≥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °¨ØÆß ¥®• ¶Ø≤∑°≤§ ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ ∞°¥® ض ¥®• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ £Øµ¨§ ¢• ∂•≤π µ≥•¶µ¨ ©Æ ≥µ£® ≥°Æ§)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¥©§°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑©¥® £≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤°¥° ¨°£´©Æß ≠µ§ §≤°∞•≥ "°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ≥¥µ§π £π£¨©£ £®°Æß• ¢•¥∑••Æ °Æßµ¨°≤ °Æ§ ¥°Æß•Æ¥©°¨ ¥Ø•≥•¥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °¨ØÆß ¥®• ¶Ø≤∑°≤§ ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ ∞°¥® ض ¥®• ¢•§¶Ø≤≠ £°Æ ¢••Æ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≠اµ¨°¥©ØÆ §µ≤©Æß ° ¥©§°¨ £π£¨• )Æ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ £π£¨©£ °¨¥•≤Æ°Æ£• ض ¥Ø•≥•¥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π ¶≤Ø≠ °Æßµ¨°≤ ¥Ø ¥°Æß•Æ¥©°¨ °Æ§ ∂©£• ∂•≤≥° ©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ° ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø Æ•°∞M≥∞≤©Æß ¥©§•≥ 4®• Æ•°∞ ¥©§• ∞≤اµ£•≥ °Æ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫•§ ¢π °Æßµ¨°≤ ¥Ø•≥•¥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °Æ§ ¥®• ≥∞≤©Æß ¥©§• ¥®• ¥°Æß•Æ¥©°¨ ¥Ø•≥•¥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π &©ß  4®•Æ £π£¨©£°¨ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥Ø•≥•¥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ °Æ§ ¥•≥¥•§ ¥Ø ≤•£ØßÆ©≥• ¥©§°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ ∑®•≤• Ø¥®•≤ ¥©§°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥©ßÆ°¨≥ °≤• ¶°©Æ¥ Ø≤ °≠¢©ßµØµ≥

$•¨¥°©£ ≤©∂•≤/§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥©§•/©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ≤•ß©≠• £®°Æß•- ° ¶©•¨§/¢°≥•§ •∏°≠∞¨• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ,Ø∑•≤ 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• ض ¥®• -•≥≥©Æ° 3¥≤°©¥ G≥ص¥®•≤Æ )¥°¨πH $Ø≠•Æ©£Ø #®©°≤•¨¨° 5 °Æ§ 3•≤ß©Ø ' ,ØÆß®©¥°ÆØ . 3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 2Øπ°¨ (ب¨Ø∑°π 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,ØƧØÆ %ß®°≠ 3µ≤≤•π 47.D D%8 5+ . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤©≥¥ª §•ß¨© 3¥µ§© §•¨¨° "°≥©¨©£°¥° 0Ø¥•Æ∫° )¥°¨π

§Ø≠•Æ©£Ø £®©°≤•¨¨°$≤®µ¨ °£ µ´

4©§°¨ ≥¥≤°©¥≥ °≤• •¨ØÆß°¥• ≠°≤©Æ• ∞°≥≥°ß•∑°π≥ £ØÆÆ•£¥©Æß ¥∑Ø ∑©§•≤ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ∑®•≤• ¥®• §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ ®π§≤اπÆ°≠©£ ¶Ø≤£• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥©§°¨ £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ¶¨Ø∑©Æß ∞°≤°¨¨•¨ ¥Ø ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ 3¥≤°©¥≥ ≤•£•©∂• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ≠°©Æ¨π ¥®≤ص߮ §•¨¥°©£ ≥π≥¥•≠ ∑©¥® Ø¥®•≤ ≠©ÆØ≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ¢π © §•¢≤©≥ °∞≤ØÆ≥ Ø≤ ¨°Æ§≥¨©§•≥ ≥®•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥¥••∞ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥+ ©© £¨°≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• •≤Ø≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ب§•≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °¥ ¥®• Æ°≤≤Ø∑•≥¥ °Æ§ µ≥µ°¨¨π ≥®°¨¨Ø∑•≤ ≥¥≤°©¥ ∫ØÆ•+ °Æ§ ©©© ©Æ ≥©¥µ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ¶°£¥Ø≤©•≥ !¨ØÆß ¥®• ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ ¥©§°¨ §µÆ•≥ °Æ§ ≤©∞∞¨•≥ °≤• ©Æ¥•≤£°¨°¥•§ ∑©¥® ≥®Ø≤•¶°£• °Æ§ §•¨¥°©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ )Æ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ §•¨¥°©£ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥ص≤£©Æß ¥©§•) §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ∞°≥≥°ß•∑°π≥ £°Æ ¢• ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ §µ≤©Æß ¥®•©≤ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ ¢π ¥®• •¶¶•£¥ ض ¥©§°¨ £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ 4®©≥ ¥π∞• ض §•¨¥° £°Æ ¢• ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ ≥´•∑•§ ©Æ ©¥≥ £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ °≥π≠≠•¥≤©£°¨¨π §•¶¨•£¥•§ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¥®• §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ ¥©§°¨ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ §©≤•£¥©ØÆ ¢•©Æß ©Æ¥•Æ≥•¨π ≠ا©¶©•§ ØÆ ¥®• §•¨¥° ¶≤ØÆ¥ 2•¨°¥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ≤•∑Ø≤´•§ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• •¶¶•£¥ ض ¥®• §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ ¥©§°¨ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¶Ø≤≠©Æß •¨ØÆß°¥• ≥°Æ§¢Ø§©•≥ ∞≥•µ§Ø)≥∞©¥≥ Ø≤ ≥°Æ§ ≤©¢¢ØÆ≥ ¨Ø£°¨¨π §•¥°£®•§ )Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ∞≤•¨©≠©Æ°≤π ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ £°≤≤©•§ ص¥ ØÆ ° ≥∞•£¥°£µ¨°≤ ص¥£≤Ø∞ •∏∞Ø≥•§ °¨ØÆß ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ ¢Ø≤§•≤ ض ¥®• -•≥≥©Æ° 3¥≤°©¥ ¢•¥∑••Æ #°¨°¢≤©° °Æ§ 3©£©¨π °≤• ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ 4®• ≥¥µ§©•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °≤• •°≤¨π 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• ©Æ °ß• °Æ§ µÆ£ØƶØ≤≠°¢¨π ¢°£´)≥¥•∞ °ß°©Æ≥¥ ¥®• ¢°≥•≠•Æ¥ ∞•≤¥°©Æ©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• #°¨°¢≤©°Æ !≤£ 4∑Ø ≠°©Æ ∂•≤¥©£°¨¨π)≥¥°£´•§ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ £°Æ ¢• §•¥•£¥•§0 © ° ¨Ø∑•≤≠Ø≥¥ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ £ØÆ≥©≥¥≥ ض ¢°≥°¨ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ °Æ§ ∞•¢¢¨π ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß Øµ¥)≥©∫• ¢°≥•≠•Æ¥ ¢¨Ø£´≥ °Æ§ ≥®•¨¨ ¶≤°ß≠•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ° ¥Ø¥°¨ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ض £° -/ ≠+ ©© °Æ Ø∂•≤¨π©Æß ≠©∏•§ ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£)£°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ •∏®©¢©¥≥ £≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤°¥° °Æ§ ¨°≤ß•)≥£°¨• ¥©§°¨ ¶Ø≤•≥•¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ° ¥Ø¥°¨ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ض £° J/ ≠ 4®•≥• ¥∑Ø ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ °≤• ≥µßß•≥¥•§ ¥Ø ¢• ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥ ض ¥®• ©Æ©¥©°¨ ∞≤Øß≤°§°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ≤©∂•≤)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¶°Æ §•¨¥° ©≠∞©Æß©Æß ¥®• -•≥≥©Æ° 3¥≤°©¥ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• •°≤¨π 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• °Æ§ £®°Æß©Æß ©Æ¥Ø ° ¥©§•)©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ §•¨¥° °¶¥•≤ ° §≤°≠°¥©£ ∞®°≥• ض ¥•£¥ØÆ©£°¨¨π)©Æ§µ£•§ ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ 3£Øµ≤) °Æ§)¶©¨¨ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ §•¥•£¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤≠Ø≥¥ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ °≤• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• •¶¶•£¥ ض ≥¥≤ØÆß ≤©∂•≤)ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ ¶¨°≥® ¶¨Øا≥ •Æ¥•≤©Æß ° ≥®°¨¨Ø∑¨π)≥µ¢≠•≤ß•§ ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ °Æ§ ß•Æ•≤°¥©Æß ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨)¶¨Ø∑ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ #≤Ø≥≥)≥¥≤°¥° °≤• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ¥®• •¶¶•£¥ ض °Æ ©Æ¥•Æ≥• ¥©§°¨ ≤•∑Ø≤´©Æß ©Æ ¥®• §•¨¥°)¶≤ØÆ¥ ≥•£¥Ø≤≥ £°µ≥•§ ¢π ¥®• §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ∞®°≥• °£¥©Æß ØÆ ¥®©≥ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• °Æ£©•Æ¥ -•≥≥©Æ° 3¥≤°©¥

3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π °Æ§ !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ° 4•£¥ØÆ©£°¨¨π )ƶ¨µ•Æ£•§ 3®°¨¨Ø∑ 7°¥•≤ $•¨¥° 3µ££•≥≥©ØÆ. %°≤¨π #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ -°•≥¥≤°¥ "°≥©Æ. 3∞°©Æ*

'≤°Æ¥ #ب• 5 -°¥¥®•∑ 7°¥´©Æ≥ØÆ  2®Ø§≤© *•≤≤•¥¥ . -°≤´ !Ƨ•≤≥ØÆ 

3 3£®Øب ض '•Øß≤°∞®π %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 0¨π≠ص¥® 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 0¨π≠ص¥® 0, @!! 5+ . 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5+

ß≤°Æ¥ £Ø¨•$∞¨π≠ص¥® °£ µ´

! £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶©•¨§ §°¥° ≤•≠Ø¥• ≥•Æ≥©Æß §°¥° ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ≤•≥¥Ø≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∂°¨©§°¥©ØÆ ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ °≤• ¢•©Æß µ≥•§ ¥Ø •∂°¨µ°¥• ¥®• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ §•¨¥° ≠ص¥® ¢°≤ ≥°Æ§¢Ø§π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ©Æ ° ≥µ∞•≤¢¨π •∏∞Ø≥•§ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ §•¨¥°©£ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ £Ø•∂°¨ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥•≥ %°≤¨π #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ 8•≤¥ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ Ø¶ !¨©°ß° £•Æ¥≤°¨ 3∞°©Æ ! ´•π °©≠ ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ©≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ ° ≠•¥®Ø§Ø¨Øßπ ¶Ø≤ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑)∑°¥•≤ §•¨¥° ≥°Æ§¢Ø§π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• 4®• ¶©•¨§ °≤•° ¶°¨¨≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• '°¨∂• ≥µ¢)¢°≥©Æ ) ° £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ض ¥®• ¨°≤ß•≤ -•≥Ø∫Ø©£ -°•≥¥≤°¥ ≤©¶¥ ¢°≥©Æ ≥π≥¥•≠ 4®•≥• ¢°≥©Æ≥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ §µ≤©Æß °Æ •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ∞®°≥• °¶¶•£¥©Æß )¢•≤©° ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• /∏¶Ø≤§©°Æ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥Ø !¨¢©°Æ ∑®©£® £≤•°¥•§ °Æ •∞©£ØÆ¥©Æ¥•Æ¥°¨ ≥•°∑°π £ØÆÆ•£¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ∑•≥¥•≤Æ 4•¥®π≥ /£•°Æ )Æ∂•≤≥©ØÆ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• 0°¨°•Øß•Æ• ¨•¶¥ ° ≥¥≤ØÆß %)7 ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ¶°¢≤©£ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• '°¨∂• ≥µ¢)¢°≥©Æ ®°≥ ° .)3 ≥¥≤©´©Æß !¨©°ß°)-©≤°∂•¥• °Æ¥©£¨©Æ• 7• ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥• ¥®°¥ ¥®©≥ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ©≥ ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥ ض ≤•°£¥©∂• ≥°¨¥ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• Ø∂•≤¢µ≤§•Æ °Æ§ ÆØ¥ §µ• ¥Ø 0°¨•Øß•Æ• ©Æ∂•≤≥©ØÆ 4®©≥ ©≥ ° Æ•∑ ¥®•Ø≤π ¶Ø≤ ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• '°¨∂• ≥µ¢)¢°≥©Æ °Æ§ ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض ≥°¨¥ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ ØÆ ¥®• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¥®• §•¨¥°©£ ¶°£©•≥ ©≥ ¢•©Æß •∂°¨µ°¥•§ 4®• ≥®°¨¨Ø∑)∑°¥•≤ §•¨¥°©£ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ §µ≤©Æß ° ®©ß® Ø≤§•≤ ≤•ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ ¥®°¥ Ø££µ≤≤•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ¨ØÆß•≤ ¥•≤≠ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ )¥ ∑°≥ ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ ≤©∂•≤ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ∑©¥® ∞≤Øß≤°§°¥©ØÆ ©Æ¥Ø ° ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ./)G/≠ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≥®•¨¶ ≥•¥¥©Æß 4®©≥ ¨©≠©¥•§ ≠ص¥®)¢°≤ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥•≥ °Æ§ ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ¥®• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ£• ض ¢•§ ¶≤©£¥©ØÆ°¨ ¶Ø≤£•≥ $•¨¥°©£ ≥°Æ§ ¢Ø§©•≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ Ø∂•≤ °Æ °≤•° C//´≠ . °Æ§ §•¥•≤≠©Æ©Æß ∑®•¥®•≤ ¥®•π °≤• ° ≥©Æߨ• Ø≤ ≠µ¨¥©)§•¨¥° ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©≥ ° ´•π Ø¢™•£¥©∂• ض ¥®• ≥¥µ§π &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ¥®• ≥∞°¥©°¨ °Æ§ ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ °¢°Æ§ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ¶°£©•≥ ¥®°¥ £°∞ Ø≤ °≤• £Ø•∂°¨ ∑©¥® ¥®• §•¨¥° ∞°≤°≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π £¨•°Æ ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤≠ °ÆØ¥®•≤ ´•π Ø¢™•£¥©∂• ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π

<<

.•∑ ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø ∑°∂•/§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©Æ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥®•¨¶ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥- ®©ß®/≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £®°≤°£¥•≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ¶≤Ø≠ £Ø•∂°¨ ¥Ø∞≥•¥. ¶Ø≤•≥•¥ °Æ§ ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠≥•¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥

'≤°£• #Ø≥ß≤Ø∂•  $°∂©§ (اß≥ØÆ .©ß•¨ -صƥƕπ °Æ§ 7©¨¨©°≠ -£#°¶¶≤•π 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,3. +*4

ß © • £Ø≥ß≤Ø∂•$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

4®• •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ≠ا•¨ ض Ø£•°Æ)¶°£©Æß ∑°∂•)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ £¨©ÆØ¥®•≠≥ ∞≤•§©£¥≥ £¨•°Æ ®©ß®•≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ≥°Æ§ ©Æ ¥Ø∞≥•¥≥ µ∞∑°≤§¨π £Ø°≤≥•Æ©Æß ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¶Ø≤•≥•¥≥ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§)≥¥°≤∂•§ ≠µ§§π ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠≥•¥≥ 4®• ≠ا•¨ ©≥ µ≥•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑) °Æ§ §••∞) ≠°≤©Æ• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °¥ ¥®• ≥•©≥≠©£ ≥£°¨• °Æ§ ®°≥ ¢••Æ µ≥•§ °≥ ° ∞≤•§©£¥©∂• ¥Øب ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ¶°£©•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ °Æ£©•Æ¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ Æ•∑ ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ®©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ß≤°©Æ £®°≤°£¥•≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض !¥¨°Æ¥©£ /£•°Æ ¶°£©Æß -©Ø£•Æ• £¨©ÆØ¥®•≠≥ ض¶≥®Ø≤• .•∑ *•≤≥•π ©Æ§©£°¥• ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≠ا•¨ §Ø•≥ ÆØ¥ °££ØµÆ¥ ¶Ø≤ ¢•§) °Æ§ •∂•Æ¥)≥£°¨• ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥©•≥ -©Ø£•Æ• £¨©ÆØ¥®•≠≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ض¶≥®Ø≤• .•∑ *•≤≥•π ∞≤•≥•≤∂• £®≤ØÆØ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£°¨¨π)¨©Æ´•§ ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ¥©•§ ¥Ø ¥®• •µ≥¥°¥©£ ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ £µ≤∂• 7• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ §°¥° £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®≤•• £Ø≤•≥ ≤•£Ø∂•≤•§ §µ≤©Æß )/$0 %∏∞•§©¥©ØÆ GG -.< -. °Æ§ -.- 4®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ¥°≤ß•¥•§ °≤• ±µ°≥©)£Ø•∂°¨ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑) °Æ§ §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ≥∞°ÆÆ©Æß ¥®• ≠°™Ø≤ -©Ø£•Æ• ≥•©≥≠©£ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ¢ØµÆ§°≤©•≥ ≠=G ¥Ø ≠=J< TD -π≤)  -π≤ ! ¥Ø¥°¨ ض .J ≠ ض £Ø≤• ∑°≥ ≥°≠∞¨•§ °¥ £ =/£≠ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ °Æ§ ®©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ß≤°©Æ £®°≤°£¥•≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ £ØƧµ£¥•§ ØÆ J- ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ +•π ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©Æ£¨µ§•0 ° µ∞∑°≤§¨π)¶©Æ©Æß ¶Ø≤•≥•¥ ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ∑®©£® £ØÆ¥°©Æ ¢•¥∑••Æ ./P °Æ§ D/P ≠µ§ ¢π ∞•≤£•Æ¥°ß• ∂بµ≠•+ ¢ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ §Ø∑Ƨ©∞ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ض ≥°Æ§)ß≤°§• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©Æ¥Ø ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠≥•¥ ¶°£©•≥+ °Æ§ £ °Æ§ °Æ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ≥Ø≤¥©Æß ≥∞®•≤©£©¥π °Æ§ ≤صƧƕ≥≥ °¨ØÆß ¥®• ¨ØÆß©¥µ§©Æ°¨ ≥Ø≤¥©Æß ∞≤ض©¨• ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ض ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ≥∞®•≤©£°¨ ≤صƧ•§ °Æ§ ∑•¨¨)≥Ø≤¥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠≥•¥ ¶°£©•≥ 4®©≥ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ ®©ß®¨©ß®¥≥ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ£• ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ £Ø≠∞¨•∏©¥©•≥ Ø∂•≤¨ØØ´•§ ¢π £ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ ß≤°©Æ £®°≤°£¥•≤ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ض ∑°∂•)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≥®•¨¶ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 3¥°¥©≥¥©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• ß≤°©Æ £®°≤°£¥•≤ §°¥°≥•¥ ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ §•∞°≤¥µ≤•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• •∏∞•£¥•§ ß≤°©Æ £®°≤°£¥•≤ ∞≤ض©¨• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ∑°∂•)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ®©ß®¨©ß®¥≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¥®• .•∑ *•≤≥•π -©Ø£•Æ• £¨©ÆØ¥®•≠≥ §Ø ÆØ¥ ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ∞≤•§©£¥•§ ¢π ¥®• ¥≤°§©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≠ا•¨ ض ∑°∂•)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ

4®• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ض §•Æ≥©¥π µÆ§•≤¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥Ø ≤©¶¥ ¢°≥©Æ ¶¨ØØ≤ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π °Æ§ ∞°¨°•Ø£¨©≠°¥•- %∏°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 'µ¨¶ ض #Ø≤©Æ¥®. '≤••£•

4©≠ #µ¨¨•Æ 5 2©£®°≤§ #ب¨©•≤  $°∂©§ (اß≥ØÆ  2Ø¢ '°∑¥®Ø≤∞• . +°¥•≤©Æ° +ص¨© G

3 "°≥©Æ 3¥≤µ£¥µ≤• '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 7Øا®Øµ≥• ,°Æ• ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض "•≤ß•Æ , $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ '•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ .°¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ +°∞ا©≥¥≤©°Æ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¥®•Æ≥

••33¥≠£$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

4®• ≤•£•Æ¥ §©≥£Ø∂•≤π ض ¥®• *Ø®°Æ 3∂•≤§≤µ∞ ¶©•¨§ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤≥ °¨©´• ®°∂• Æ•£•≥≥©¥°¥•§ ° ß≤•°¥•≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ °Æ§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ¨°¥• ≥πÆ)≤©¶¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °≤صƧ ¢°≥•≠•Æ¥ ®©ß®≥ 4®• °©≠ ض ¥®©≥ ≤•≥•°≤£® ∞≤Øß≤°≠≠• ©≥ ¥Ø µ≥• ¥®• ≥πÆ)≤©¶¥ ≤•£Ø≤§ ض ¥®• 'µ¨¶ ض #Ø≤©Æ¥® '≤••£• ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø © µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤𠶨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥• °Æ§ ©© ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• ´•π •∂بµ¥©ØÆ°≤π ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥•≥ ض §•¨¥°)¥Ø• °Æ§ ¢°≥©Æ)¶¨ØØ≤ ¶°Æ≥ 4®• °≤•° ≥µ≤≤صƧ©Æß ¥®• 8π¨Ø´°≥¥≤Ø ®Ø≤≥¥ ¢¨Ø£´ ©Æ ¥®• £•Æ¥≤°¨ 'µ¨¶ ض #Ø≤©Æ¥® ≤©¶¥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ° ≥µ∞•≤¢ Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ¨°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π ¥Ø ≥¥µ§π ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £Ø°≤≥•)ß≤°©Æ•§ £¨°≥¥©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≥ص≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ 0¨©Ø) 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• §•¨¥°≥ ! ´•π ≤•≥•°≤£® Ø¢™•£¥©∂• ©≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ¥•≠∞Ø≤Ø≥∞°¥©°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≤ص¥©Æß ¥®≤ص߮ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ∞°≤¥©°¨¨π) ¨©Æ´•§ ¢°≥©Æ°¨ ¨Ø∑≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• µ≥• ض §•¥°©¨•§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ °Æ§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≠°∞∞©Æß °Æ§ ≤•≥¥Ø≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥® °§§•§ £ØÆ¥•∏¥ ¶≤Ø≠ £Ø≤•) Ø¢¥°©Æ•§ ∞°¨πÆØ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ £¨©≠°¥• ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≥¥≤°¥•ß©£°¨¨π ≥©¥•§ ≤•≥•°≤£® ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨• 4®• ≤©∂•≤)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ '©¨¢•≤¥)¥π∞• ¶°Æ §•¨¥°)¥Ø• ¥Ø ¢°≥©Æ ¶¨ØØ≤ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ≥•¥¥©Æß ©Æ ¥®• 8π¨Ø´°≥¥≤Ø °≤•° •Æ£Ø≠∞°≥≥•≥ °Æ •∏¥≤•≠•¨π ¢≤Ø°§ ≤°Æß• ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¶°¢≤©£≥ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¢Øµ¨§•≤ £¨°≥¥ §•¢≤©≥ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥Ø ¥®©Æ)¢•§§•§ £¨°≥≥©£ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ °¨¨Ø∑©Æß ° ß≤•°¥ ≥∞•£¥≤µ≠ ض ¶¨Ø∑ ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ ¥Ø ¢• ©Æ∂Ø´•§ ©Æ ¥®• £ØÆ¥•∏¥ ض ° ≤°∞©§¨π •∂ب∂©Æß §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ #ص∞¨•§ ∑©¥® ¥®©≥ ¥®• ≥πÆ)§•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤•≥•Æ£• ض ¶°µ¨¥)≤•¨°¥•§ ≤©¶¥ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ©≥ ¥Ø ¢• •∏°≠©Æ•§ ¥Ø µ¨¥©≠°¥•¨π ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ®Ø∑ ≥µ£® §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≠°π ®°∂• ¢••Æ •¶¶•£¥•§ ¢π ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 8π¨Ø´°≥¥≤Ø ®Ø≤≥¥ °Æ§ ¢π ¥®• •∂ب∂©Æß ≤©¶¥ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• 'µ¨¶ ض #Ø≤©Æ¥® #Ø°≤≥•)ß≤°©Æ•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• °Æ§ §•¢≤©≥ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ £ØÆ¥©Æµ• ¥Ø ¢• £Øƶµ≥©Æߨπ £≤Ø≥≥)£¨°≥≥©¶©•§ ∑©¥® ≤•ß°≤§≥ ¥Ø ¶¨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥ ¥•≤≠©ÆبØßπ 4®©≥ ∞Ø≥¥•≤ •∏°≠©Æ•≥ ¥®©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥©Æß ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥• £¨°≥≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ض¶•≤©Æß ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ °∂•Æµ•≥ ض ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¢• µÆ§•≤¥°´•Æ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π

<

4®• $••∞/-°≤©Æ• !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ +ÆØ∑¨•§ß• 3¥Ø≤•- ! §°¥°¢°≥• °∞∞≤Ø°£® ¥Ø •Æ®°Æ£• ≠•¥°/°Æ°¨π≥•≥ ض §••∞/≠°≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 3Ø∞®©• #µ¨¨©≥  ,µ£° #بØ≠¢•≤° -°≤£Ø 0°¥°££© °Æ§ 7©¨¨©°≠ $ -£#°¶¶≤•π 4µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 5+

••≥¨•$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

$••∞)≠°≤©Æ• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ≤•≠°©Æ ° ¶•≤¥©¨• °≤•° ¶Ø≤ ≤•≥•°≤£® 4®•≥• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ §©≥∞¨°π ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ©Æ ≥¥π¨•≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ض ¥®•≥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °≤• £ØƧµ£¥•§ ∑©¥® §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ °©≠≥ ≥£Ø∞•≥ °Æ§ ≠•¥®Ø§Ø¨Øß©•≥0 ¥®©≥ ®°≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• £Ø≠∞©¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ∑©§• ≤°Æß• ض §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• ≠ا•¨≥ 4®• ∂°≤©•¥π ©Æ °∞∞≤Ø°£®•≥ ¥Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ±µ°¨©¥°¥©∂• Æ°¥µ≤• ض ≠Ø≥¥ §°¥°≥•¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ≠ا•¨≥ ∞Ø≥• ° £®°¨¨•Æß• ¶Ø≤ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• £Ø≠∞°≤°¥©∂• ≥¥µ§©•≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ! ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ°¨ §°¥°¢°≥• ) ¥®• $••∞)-°≤©Æ• !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ +ÆØ∑¨•§ß• 3¥Ø≤• $-!+3 W ®°≥ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ¢••Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ °≥ ° ≤•∞Ø≥©¥Ø≤π ¶Ø≤ §°¥° ØÆ §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ≥¥Ø≤©Æß ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ¢°≥©Æ)≥£°¨• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ¥Ø ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥Ø ¶°£©•≥)≥£°¨• §•≥£≤©∞¥©ØÆ≥ °¨ØÆß ∑©¥® ≠•¥°§°¥° •ß §°¥° ¥π∞•≥ 4®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ §°¥° ©≥ £Ø§©¶©•§ ©Æ ° ≥¥°Æ§°≤§©≥•§ ≠°ÆÆ•≤ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• §°¥°¢°≥• °¨¨Ø∑©Æß £Ø≠∞صƧ °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• §°¥°≥•¥≥ ¥Ø ¥°´• ∞¨°£• 4Ø ≥®Ø∑£°≥• $-!+3I≥ £°∞°¢©¨©¥©•≥ ض ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ §°¥°¢°≥• ص¥∞µ¥ ≤•¨°¥©Æß ¥Ø ° ≥°Æ§π ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ £°≥•)≥¥µ§π ©Æ ¥®• 'Ø¨Ø ≥π≥¥•≠ %°≥¥ #Ø≤≥©£°Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ -•§©¥•≤≤°Æ•°Æ 3•° ®°≥ °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¥®• ¥∑Ø)•Æ§)≠•≠¢•≤ ¨Ø¢• ≠ا•¨ ض $•∞¥µ£´ •¥ °¨ .// 3•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ == D-) - ¥Ø ¢• °≥≥•≥≥•§ °ß°©Æ≥¥ ° ¨°≤ß•≤ §°¥° ∞Øب 4®• ≠ا•¨ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ≤•)•∂°¨µ°¥•§ ¥®≤ص߮ §°¥°¢°≥• °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ° £Ø≠∞°≤°¥©∂• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¨Ø¢• §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ≥ •ß ∑©§¥®)¥Ø)¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ≤°¥©Ø≥ ±µ°Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥∞°¥©°¨ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ •°£® ¨Ø¢• ¥π∞• °Æ§ §•¥•≤≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶°£©•≥ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ≥ 0≤•¨©≠©Æ°≤π ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂•¨π ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ¥®• ÆØ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §©¶¶•≤©Æß ¨Ø¢• ¥π∞•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• 'Ø¨Ø ≥π≥¥•≠ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ©¥ ©≥ ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨• ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¥∑Ø ¨Ø¢• •Æ§)≠•≠¢•≤≥ ض $•∞¥µ£´ •¥ °¨ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °≤¢©¥≤°≤©¨π)§•¶©Æ•§ ≥µ¢≥•¥≥ ض ∑®°¥ £Øµ¨§ ¢• ° ¨°≤ß•≤ ¨Ø¢• ¥π∞• £ØÆ¥©Æµµ≠+ ¥®©≥ ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ °∑°©¥≥ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ∑Ø≤´ )Æ ¥®• ¶µ¥µ≤• ¥®• §°¥°¢°≥•I≥ °¢©¨©¥π ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ ≠µ¨¥©)∂°≤©°¥• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ∑©¨¨ °¨¨Ø∑ ¶©Æ§©Æß≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥©Æߨ• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥Ø ¢• £Ø≠∞°≤•§ °ß°©Æ≥¥ Ø¥®•≤≥ ¥Ø ¢•¥¥•≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ∑®°¥ Ø≤ß°Æ©≥°¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤≥ Ø££µ≤ ©Æ £Ø≠≠ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•≥ ض ¢ØµÆ§°≤π £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ Ø≤ß°Æ©≥°¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥π¨•

-©£≤Ø¢©°¨¨π ≠•§©°¥•§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≠©Æ•≤°¨©≥°¥©ØÆ ©Æ •∏¥≤•≠• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥

+©≤≥¥•Æ %* $µ¥¥ØÆ 5 !Ƨ≤•°≥ 0°µ¨ . ,µ©∫° ,•≥≥° !Ƨ≤°§•  !Æß•¨° 3®•≤≤π  3¥•∞®•Æ ,Ø´©•≤ . #••≥ ∂°Æ §•≤ ,°Æ§  )°Æ - (•°§ 

3 3£®Øب ض #©∂©¨ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß °Æ§ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ .•∑£°≥¥¨• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π $≤µ≠≠ØƧ "µ©¨§©Æß .•∑£°≥¥¨• µ∞ØÆ 4πÆ• .%3 25 . 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ¥®• 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• 0 / "Ø∏ .2,, !¢µ $®°¢© 5!%

´ • §µ¥¥ØÆ3$Æ£¨ °£ µ´

-©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ¶Ø≥≥©¨ £ØµÆ¥•≤∞°≤¥≥ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨©¥•≥ °≤• ≥Ø≠• ض ¥®• •°≤¨©•≥¥ ≥©ßÆ≥ ض ¨©¶• ØÆ %°≤¥® 4®• £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≥°¢´®°≥ ©Æ !¢µ $®°¢© 5Æ©¥•§ !≤°¢ %≠©≤°¥•≥ °≤• ° ≠ا•≤Æ ≥•¥¥©Æß ∑®•≤• ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ £µ≤≤•Æ¥¨π ¶¨Øµ≤©≥® ©Æ ¥®• ®π∞•≤≥°¨©Æ• °Æ§ °≤©§ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ -©£≤Ø¢•≥ ≥µ£® °≥ #π°ÆØ¢°£¥•≤©° 4®•≤≠Ø∞¨°≥≠°¥° °Æ§ 3µ¨∞®°¥•)≤•§µ£©Æß ¢°£¥•≤©° ¥®≤©∂• µÆ¥Øµ£®•§ ¢π ∞≤•§°¥Ø≤≥ ∑®©£® £°ÆÆØ¥ ¶¨Øµ≤©≥® µÆ§•≤ ¥®• ®°≤≥® •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ -©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ °≤• ®©ß®¨π ≤•°£¥©∂• ∑©¥® ¥®•©≤ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ £Ø≠≠µÆ©¥©•≥ °Æ§ ß•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤π ∂°≤π©Æß ØÆ ° ≠©¨¨©≠•¥≤• ≥£°¨• £ØÆ¥≤ب¨©Æß ≠©Æ•≤°¨©≥°¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ %∏°£¥ ≠©Æ•≤°¨©≥°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≥°¢´®° ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ °≤• ÆØ¥ π•¥ ±µ°Æ¥©¶©•§ $•¶©Æ©Æß ¥®©≥ ≠©Æ•≤°¨©≥°¥©ØÆ ∞°¥®∑°π £°Æ •∏∞¨°©Æ ®Ø∑ ¥®•≥• Ø≤ß°ÆØ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ¢•£Ø≠• ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ "π ≥¥µ§π©Æß ≥πƧ•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¨©¥®©¶©£°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞≤©≠°≤π ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ©Æ (بأ•Æ• ¥Ø 2•£•Æ¥ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑• ≠Ø≤• £¨•°≤¨π §•¶©Æ• ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ £Øƶ©ßµ≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤©≠°≤π ≠©Æ•≤°¨Øßπ ¥®°¥ ¶Ø≤≠≥ ° ¥•≠∞¨°¥• ¶Ø≤ ¨°¥•≤ §©°ß•Æ•≥©≥ °Æ§ •∂•Æ¥µ°¨ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π )Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ •¶¶•£¥©Æß ≠©Æ•≤°¨©≥°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ •°≤¨π ¨©¥®©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ¨°¢ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ≤•±µ©≤•§ 0°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ¶Ø≤ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ∞≤©≠°≤©¨π ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• ¨©ß®¥ ¥©§°¨ £π£¨• °Æ§ ∑°¥•≤ £®•≠©≥¥≤π ®°∂• ¢••Æ •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ §µ≤©Æß ¶©•¨§∑Ø≤´ °Æ§ °∞∞¨©•§ ¥Ø ° ¨°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π ≥©≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥°¢´®° ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ /∂•≤ ¥®• £Øµ≤≥• ض ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ¥®≤•• ≠ØÆ¥®≥ ¥®• ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥ ≥µ¢≠•≤ß•§ ©Æ ° ≥•°∑°¥•≤ ≠•§©µ≠ ß≤•∑ ∂•≤¥©£°¨¨π §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß ° ≠Ø≥≥ ¨©´• ß≤••Æ ≥µ≤¶°£• 4®•≤≠Øß≤°∂©≠•¥≤©£ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ®°≥ •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• Æ•∑¨π ß≤Ø∑Æ ≠°¥ ¢©Ø≠°≥≥ £ØÆ¥°©Æ≥ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ ¨•°§©Æß ¥Ø °Æ ©Æ©¥©°¨ ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≠©Æ•≤°¨©≥°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥• ض °∞∞≤Ø∏©≠°¥•¨π ß ∞•≤ .£≠ . °∞∞≤Ø∏ ∞•≤ /ß ≥µ≤¶°£• ≠°¥ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ∞•≤ π•°≤ &µ≤¥®•≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ∑©¨¨ •≥¥°¢¨©≥® ¥®• •∏¥•Æ¥ ¥Ø ∑®©£® ¥®• ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥•§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ °£¥©∂©¥π °Æ§ ¥®• ¥π∞•≥ ض ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ©Æ£¨µ§•§ °Æ§ •≥¥°¢¨©≥® ®Ø∑ ¥®©≥ ∂°¨µ• £°Æ ¢• ≥£°¨•§ µ∞ ¥Ø ≥°¢´®° °≤•° ≥£°¨• ´≠I≥

<-

3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≤°≠∞ °Æ§ ≤••¶ ≥π≥¥•≠ °¨ØÆß ¥®• !ß°§©≤/%≥≥°Øµ©≤° "°≥©Æ* -©§§¨• ¥Ø 5∞∞•≤ *µ≤°≥≥©£ !¥¨°Æ¥©£ ≠°≤ß©Æ/∑•≥¥•≤Æ -Ø≤Ø££Ø

$µ∂°¨/!≤Æص¨§. !*  3£®≤Ø•§•≤ 3  °Æ§ 2•§¶•≤Æ * "°≥©Æ 3¥µ§©•≥ °Æ§ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ '≤ص∞ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5+

°µ§• §µ∂°¨A°≤Æص¨§$≠°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

4®• *µ≤°≥≥©£ ض ¥®• !ß°§©≤)%≥≥°Øµ©≤° "°≥©Æ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ¥®• ©Æ©¥©°¨ ∞Ø≥¥)≤©¶¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß ¥®• ¨°¥• 0•≤≠©°Æ)4≤©°≥≥©£ ≤©¶¥©Æß 4®• •Æ¥©≤• *µ≤°≥≥©£ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ° ≠©∏•§ ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£)£°≤¢ØÆ°¥• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®≤•• ≠°©Æ ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ≥ 4®• •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ±µ°¨©¥π ض ¥®• ص¥£≤Ø∞≥ °¨¨Ø∑ ° ßØا µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ¨°¥•≤°¨ ¶°£©•≥ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ 4®• #°¨¨Ø∂©°Æ ¥Ø 5∞∞•≤ /∏¶Ø≤§©°Æ ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ•≥ ≤•£Ø≤§ ° ≠°™Ø≤ ≠°≤©Æ• ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ ∑®©£® ¢•ß°Æ ©Æ ¥®• %°≤¨π ¥Ø -©§§¨• #°¨¨Ø∂©°Æ 4®©≥ £ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©≥ £Ø≠∞Ø≥•§ ض ¥®≤•• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑®©£® ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° ¨°≤ß• •∏¥•Æ¥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ !¶¥•≤ ¥®• "°™Ø£©°Æ)"°¥®ØÆ©°Æ ≤•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£≥ ¥®• /µ°Æ°≠°Æ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ #°¨¨Ø∂©°Æ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض Ø∞•Æ ≠°≤©Æ• £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂• ©Æ≥¥°¨¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ )¥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ° ≥©¨¥π ¢°≥• ¥®°¥ •∂ب∂•≥ ≤°∞©§¨π ¥Ø ¶Ø≥≥©¨©¶•≤ص≥ ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ•≥ 4®• ¢µ¨´ ض ¥®• µÆ©¥ ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ≠°≤¨π ¨©≠•≥¥ØÆ•≥ °¨¥•≤Æ°¥©Æß ∑©¥® ¶Ø≥≥©¨©¶•≤ص≥ Øب©¥©£ ∞°£´≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¨Ø£°¨¨π ¶¨Ø°¥≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥® ∂•≤π °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ ¢≤°£®©Ø∞ا≥ •£®©Æا•≤≠≥ °Æ§ Øπ≥¥•≤≥ )Æ¥•Æ≥• ¢©Ø¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ •Æ£≤µ≥¥•§ °Æ§ ¢Ø≤•§ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ °≤• £Ø≠≠ØÆ -°≤¨≥ ≠°≤´ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• Ø∂•≤¨π©Æß 4©§©¨© &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ /∏¶Ø≤§©°Æ ∑®©£® ©≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ≤••¶°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®• ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¶°£©•≥ Ø££µ≤ Ø∂•≤ ¥•Æ≥ ض ≠•¥•≤≥ °Æ§ °¨¨Ø∑ ¥®• Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤••¶ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ ¶°£©•≥ ∫ØÆ°¥©ØÆ ! ∞®°≥• ض ≤••¶ •≥¥°¢¨©≥®≠•Æ¥ ©≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ∞¨°¥π £Ø≤°¨≥  $©≠Ø≤∞®°≤°•°  •Æ£≤µ≥¥•§ ¢π ≥¥≤Ø≠°¥Ø¨©¥•≥ 4®©≥ ©≥ ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑•§ ¢π ° ¢ØµÆ§≥¥ØÆ• ∑©¥® ≠Ø≤• §©∂•≤≥• ¶°µÆ° ض ¢≤°Æ£®©Æß °Æ§ ≠°≥≥©∂• £Ø≤°¨≥ 4®• ≤••¶ ¢Ø§©•≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¨°¥•≤°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ≥ ¥Ø ¢©Ø£¨°≥¥©£ ¶¨Ø°¥≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ 3£°¨• ض ≤••¶ ¢Ø§©•≥ ∂°≤©•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ / ≠ ¥Ø ≥•∂•≤°¨ ´≠ 4®• )ßßµ©)%¨)"•®°≤ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ 5∞∞•≤ /∏¶Ø≤§©°ÆW+©≠≠•≤©§ß©°Æ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ≤•Æ•∑•§ ≤•ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• §©≥°∞∞•°≤°Æ£• ض ≤••¶≥ &°£©•≥ °≤• £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£ ض ¨Ø∑)•Æ•≤ßπ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ •∂ب∂©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ¢°£´)≤••¶ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥® £Ø≤°¨≥ °Æ§ ß°≥¥≤Ø∞ا≥ ¥Ø ≠Ø≤• ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥® ¶Ø≤°≠©Æ©¶•≤≥ °Æ§ ≠Ø≤• ≤°≤•¨π ßπ∞≥µ≠ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ©Æ¥•≤¥©§°¨ ¥Ø ≥°¢´®° •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥

,°´• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ •£Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ®π∞•≤¥®•≤≠°¨≥- "ب¥π≥® ©≠∞°£¥ £≤°¥•≤. 5´≤°©Æ•

!¨•Æ° %¢©Æß®°µ≥ 5 $°∂©§ *ب¨•π  3¥•∂•Æ !Ƨ≤•∑≥ . °Æ§ $°∂©§ +•≠∞ 

3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ -•≥¥ØÆ "µ©¨§©Æß !¢•≤§••Æ !". ,5% . #!30 7•≥¥ "µ©¨§©Æß 3@3! (µÆ¥©ÆߧØÆ 2Ø°§ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #", D$(

°•¢©Æß®°µ≥$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

0°≥¥ ®π∞•≤¥®•≤≠°¨≥ °Æ§ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ Æ•ß°¥©∂• £°≤¢ØÆ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞• •∏£µ≤≥©ØÆ≥ #)%≥ °≤• ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ¥Ø ®°∂• ®°§ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ©≠∞°£¥ ØÆ ≠°≤©Æ• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¨©¥¥¨• ©≥ ´ÆØ∑Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ •£Ø≥π≥¥•≠≥ §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ¨°£´ ض £Ø≠∞¨•¥• °Æ§ ®©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ §°¥° (•≤• ∑• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° §•¥°©¨•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≥¥µ§π ¶≤Ø≠ ° ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨• §≤©¨¨•§ ©Æ ¥®• +M0ß "ب¥π≥® ©≠∞°£¥ £≤°¥•≤ 5´≤°©Æ• ∑®©£® ∑°≥ ¶©¨¨•§ ∑©¥® ° £ J// ≠ ¥®©£´ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ %°≤¨π $°Æ©°Æ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ 4®©≥ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ∑°≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• %°≤¨π $°Æ©°Æ $°Æ)#. ®π∞•≤¥®•≤≠°¨ °≥ ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ° Æ•ß°¥©∂• ≥®©¶¥ ©Æ ¥®• £°≤¢ØÆ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞•≥ 7• µ≥• ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ∞°¨πÆبØß©£°¨ °Æ§ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ §°¥° ¥Ø  £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥• ¨°´• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ •£Ø¨Øß©£°¨ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• #)% °Æ§ . ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ ¥®• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ •¶¶•£¥ ض ®π∞•≤¥®•≤≠°¨≥ ØÆ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ •£Ø≥π≥¥•≠≥ "°≥•§ ØÆ §•¥°©¨•§ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ = §©≥¥©Æ£¥©∂• ß≤°§µ°¨ ≥¥°ß•≥ ض ¨°´• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °≤• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ©Æ§©£°¥©Æß ° ≥¥≤ØÆß ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ¥Ø £°≤¢ØÆ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞• ≥®©¶¥≥ °Æ§ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ £¨©≠°¥©£ ¥≤•Æ§≥ )Æ©¥©°¨ ∞≤•)#)% ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π £≤°¥•≤ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ £≤°¥•≤ ≤©≠ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ $µ≤©Æß ¥®• ≠°©Æ ∞®°≥• ض ¥®• #)% ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π ∑°≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß¨π £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ©Æ¶¨Ø∑)•∂°∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥©Ø ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥©•≥ ∑®©£® °¶¶•£¥•§ ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ °Æ§ ¨ØÆß•≤)¥•≤≠ ¨°´• ¨•∂•¨≥ !Æ ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ °¥≠Ø≥∞®•≤©£ ∞#/. §µ≤©Æß ¥®• #)% ¥Øß•¥®•≤ ∑©¥® ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ≠•°Æ °ÆƵ°¨ ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤•≥ ∑°≥ ¨©´•¨π ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢¨• ¶Ø≤ ∞•≤©Ø§©£ ©Æ£≤•°≥•≥ ©Æ ¢©Ø∞≤اµ£¥©∂©¥π -Ø©≥¥µ≤• °∂°©¨°¢©¨©¥π Ø≥£©¨¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ∞°¨πÆبØß©£°¨ §°¥° ¨°≤ß•¨π £Ø≤≤•≥∞ØƧ ¥Ø ¶¨µ£¥µ°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¨°´• ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ¨°´• ¨•∂•¨≥ °Æ§ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ¨ØÆß)¥•≤≠ ¨°´• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ∑•≤• °≥¥≤ØÆØ≠©£°¨¨π £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ 4®• ß≤°§µ°¨ §•£¨©Æ• ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π ∞≤©Ø≤ ¥Ø #)% ©Æ£•∞¥©ØÆ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• $°Æ)#. •∂•Æ¥ §©§ ÆØ¥ ©Æ©¥©°¥• ¨°≤ß•)≥£°¨• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ £®°Æß•≥ ¢µ¥ °≠∞¨©¶©•§ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø≠Ø¥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø Ø≤¢©¥°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ £¨©≠°¥• £®°Æß•

/

2ب• ض §•ß¨°£©°¥©ØÆ. ≥•°/¨•∂•¨ ≤©≥• °Æ§ ©≥Ø≥¥°¥©£ °§™µ≥¥≠•Æ¥ ©Æ ≠°≤©Æ• ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• $Øßß•≤ "°Æ´ !Ƨπ 2* %≠•≤π  $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ °Æ§ .°¥°≥®° ,- "°≤¨Ø∑ 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,3. +*4

••D*°•$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

4®• $Øßß•≤ "°Æ´ ©≥ °Æ °≤•° ض ¥®• 3ص¥®•≤Æ .Ø≤¥® 3•° ¥®°¥ •∏∞•≤©•Æ£•§ ≠°≤©Æ• ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• (بأ•Æ• §µ• ¥Ø ߨ°£©°¨ ≠•¨¥©Æß 4®• ≤°∞©§ ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ ≤©≥• °Æ§ £Ø≤≤•≥∞ØƧ©Æß ¶¨Øا©Æß ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ °Æ •∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ °Æ°¨Øßµ• ¥Ø ≥¥µ§π ¥®• •¶¶•£¥≥ ض ¶µ¥µ≤• ∞≤Ø™•£¥•§ ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ ≤©≥• ØÆ £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≤•°¨©ßÆ≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ©ÆµÆ§°¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ )Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ¥®• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ض ≠°≤©Æ• ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ ØÆ ¥®• £Ø°≥¥¨©Æ• ض ¥®• $Øßß•≤ "°Æ´ ©Æ §•¥°©¨ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ´ÆØ∑¨•§ß• ض ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ £®°Æß• ©Æ ¥®• $Øßß•≤ "°Æ´ °≤•° ©≥ ≤•±µ©≤•§ (بأ•Æ• ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ £µ≤∂•≥ °≤• ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠°¥©£ ¥Ø §•¶©Æ• §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ •¶¶•£¥≥ ض ߨ°£©Ø)•µ≥¥°≥π ®π§≤Ø)©≥Ø≥¥°≥π °Æ§ ߨ°£©Ø)©≥Ø≥¥°¥©£ °§™µ≥¥≠•Æ¥ &ب¨Ø∑©Æß §•ß¨°£©°¥©ØÆ •µ≥¥°¥©£ ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ ≤©≥• ∑°≥ ≤°∞©§ °¥ ¶©≤≥¥ ≥¨Ø∑©Æß §Ø∑Æ ¨°¥•≤ °Æ§ ∞µÆ£¥µ°¥•§ ¢π §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ≠•¨¥∑°¥•≤ ∞µ¨≥•≥ 2•¨°¥©∂• ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ £®°Æß• °¥ $Øßß•≤ "°Æ´ ©≥ ÆØ¥ ØÆ¨π ° £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ£• ض ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥Ø¥°¨ Ø£•°Æ ∂بµ≠• ¢µ¥ ©≥ °¨≥Ø §µ• ¥Ø ߨ°£©Ø)©≥Ø≥¥°¥©£ °§™µ≥¥≠•Æ¥ §≤©∂•Æ ¢π ≠•¨¥©Æß Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨ ©£• ≥®••¥≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ≠°ßÆ©¥µ§• ض ¥®©≥ ©≥ ∞ØØ≤¨π £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ °≥ ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ض ¥®• "≤©¥©≥®))≤©≥® °Æ§ &•ÆÆØ≥£°Æ§©°Æ )£• 3®••¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® 3•° ¢°≥©Æ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¥Ø ¥®• $Øßß•≤ "°Æ´ °≤•° ¨•°§≥ ¥Ø µÆ£•≤¥°©Æ¥π ©Æ ')! ≠ا•¨¨©Æß !£¥µ°¨ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ض ∞°≥¥ ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ ≥µ£® °≥ ¢°≥°¨ ∞•°¥M≥©¨¥ £ØÆ¥°£¥≥ °≤• µ≥•¶µ¨ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ £®°Æß•≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®•≤• °≤• ¨©≠©¥•§ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ $Øßß•≤ "°Æ´ §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• §©¶¶©£µ¨¥π ض Ø¢¥°©Æ©Æß ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ©Æ °Æ ض¶≥®Ø≤• ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ °©≠≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ Æ•∑ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ¶Ø≤ $Øßß•≤ "°Æ´ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ .$ ≥•©≥≠©£ §°¥° °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ≥®Ø≤¥ ∂©¢≤Ø£Ø≤• §°¥° 4®• ∂©¢≤Ø£Ø≤• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ≥•©≥≠©£ ¶°£©•≥ ≠°∞∞©Æß £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ ¢π ¥®• Æ•∑ ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ∑©¨¨ °¨¨Ø∑ ¥®• G$ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ (بأ•Æ• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ¢• •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ¥®•≤•¢π •Æ°¢¨©Æß ¥®• ≥¥µ§π ض ¥®• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• °Æ§ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £Ø°≥¥°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ≠°≤©Æ• ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ

4•∏¥µ≤°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ض §••∞/≠°≤©Æ• ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥- )Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® '≤©¥≥ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. #°≤§©ß°Æ "°π. 7°¨•≥

2Ø≥≥ &•≤ßµ≥ØÆ  )°Æ +°Æ• °Æ§ $°Æ©•¨ "•¨¨ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ /∏¶Ø≤§ 2Ø°§ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5 +

≤Ø≥≥ ¶•≤ßµ≥ØÆ$∞Ø≥¥ß≤°§ ≠°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ©≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ∂°≤π©Æß °¨¨Ø) °Æ§ °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ∑®©£® °≤• ض¥•Æ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥∞•£©¶©£ 4®©≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤𠧕∞Ø≥©¥≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ®©ß®¨π £Ø≠∞¨©£°¥•§ °Æ§ ®•¥•≤Øߕƕص≥ $µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ∂°¨µ• ض ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ≥ °≥ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ص≤ °¢©¨©¥π ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ °Æ§ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®©≥ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ©Æ ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ©≥ £≤©¥©£°¨ ¥Ø •Æ°¢¨©Æß ¢•¥¥•≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ 4Ø °££Ø≠∞¨©≥® ¥®©≥ ° ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ ¥•∏¥µ≤°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ £ØƧµ£¥•§ ØÆ ¥®• !¢•≤π≥¥∑π¥® '≤©¥≥ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ 7°¨•≥ "•§)¥π∞•≥ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ °¥ ص¥£≤Ø∞ °≤• £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®•©≤ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©Æ¥Ø ®©ß®)§•Æ≥©¥π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ ¨Ø∑)§•Æ≥©¥π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ Ø≤ ®π¢≤©§ •∂•Æ¥ ¢•§≥ 0•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¢•§)¥π∞•≥ ©≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø £Ø≠∞¨©≠•Æ¥ ¶©•¨§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ¢π £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ©Æß ¥®•©≤ ¥•∏¥µ≤°¨ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥+ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ©≥ ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ µ≥©Æß °Æ°¨Øßص≥ ¶°£©•≥ ¥π∞•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• .Ø≤¥® 3•° -°ßƵ≥ &©•¨§ (©ß®)§•Æ≥©¥π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ °≤• §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ ©Æ ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ≥ •∏®©¢©¥©Æß £Ø°≤≥•≤ °∂•≤°ß• ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫•≥ °Æ§ ∞ØØ≤•≤ ≥Ø≤¥©Æß ¥®°Æ ¥®•©≤ ≠Ø≤• §©≥¥°¨ •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥≥0 ¨Ø∑)§•Æ≥©¥π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ °Æ§ ®π¢≤©§ •∂•Æ¥ ¢•§≥ 4®©≥ ©≥ ≥µßß•≥¥©∂• ض ¶¨Ø∑ £°∞°£©¥π £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ •Æ)≠°≥≥• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©Æ ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ /Æ ¥®• ¢°≥©≥ ض ¨Ø∑•≤ §•¥≤©¥°¨ £¨°π £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ °Æ§ £Ø°≤≥•≤ ≠•°Æ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ®©ß® §•Æ≥©¥π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ •∏®©¢©¥ ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ¶°∂ص≤°¢¨• ¥•∏¥µ≤°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ¶Ø≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π §µ• ¥Ø ß≤•°¥•≤ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π °Æ§ ∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥π (π¢≤©§ •∂•Æ¥ ¢•§≥ °Æ§ ¨Ø∑)§•Æ≥©¥π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ ¢Ø¥® •∏®©¢©¥ ¶©Æ•≤ ≠•°Æ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• °Æ§ ®©ß®•≤ §•¥≤©¥°¨ £¨°π £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ ∞ØØ≤•≤ Ø∂•≤°¨¨ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π )Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ ° Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≠ا•¨ ض ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑ °£≤Ø≥≥ ° §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• ¨Ø¢• ©≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ ¥®• ∞Ø©Æ¥ ض ¶¨Ø∑ ¥≤°Æ≥¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ¥Ø ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ Ø≤ ¨°≠©Æ°≤ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥π≥¥•≠ §µ• ¥Ø ¨Ø≥≥ ض ¶¨Ø∑ ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ £°∞°£©¥π 4®©≥ ≠ا•¨ ≠°¥£®•≥ •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ¶¨Ø∑ ¥≤°Æ≥¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ °¥ ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ ß©∂•≥ ≥Ø≠• £Øƶ©§•Æ£• ©Æ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¢•§)¥π∞• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ



)Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©Æß ¥®• ©≠∞°£¥ ض ¥®• (Ø≤Æ≥µÆ§ (©ß® ØÆ 4≤©°≥≥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ∑•≥¥•≤Æ "°≤•Æ¥≥ 3®•¨¶ %§∑°≤§ ** &¨•≠©Æß °Æ§ -©£®°•¨ * &¨Ø∑•≤§•∑ #!30 3@3! (µÆ¥©ÆߧØÆ 2Ø°§ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #", D$( 5+

¶¨•≠©Æß≥¥Ø≤≠$®Ø¥≠°©¨ £Ø≠

4®• 4≤©°≥≥©£ ØÆ ¥®• ≥ص¥®∑•≥¥ "°≤•Æ¥≥ 3®•¨¶ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ °≥ ≥•∂•≤°¨ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≥ص≤£• °Æ§ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≤Ø£´≥ Ø££µ≤ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ $•≥∞©¥• ¶°∂ص≤°¢¨• £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ ¥®• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °Æ§ ∂°≤©•§ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ®°≥ £°µ≥•§ §©¶¶©£µ¨¥π ∞≤•§©£¥©Æß ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ )≤≤•ßµ¨°≤ ∞°¨°•Ø¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ©≥ ¥®Øµß®¥ ¥Ø ®°∂• °¶¶•£¥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ,°¥• 0°¨°•Ø∫Ø©£ ≤©¶¥©Æß ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• µ∞¨©¶¥ ض ∞≤Ø≠©Æ•Æ¥ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ®©ß®≥ )Æ ¥®• •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ °≤•°≥ ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ,Ø∞∞° °Æ§ 3¥°∞∞•Æ ®©ß®≥ °£¥•§ ¢Ø¥® °≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥ص≤£•≥ °Æ§ ¢°≤≤©•≤≥ ¥Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §©≥∞•≤≥°¨ 4®• (Ø≤Æ≥µÆ§)3¸≤´°∞∞ (©ß® ©≥ °Æ °Æ°¨Øßص≥ ®©ß® ¥®°¥ ©≥ ∑•¨¨ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ©Æ ≥ص¥®•≤Æ 3∂°¨¢°≤§ ∑®Ø≥• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §©≥∞•≤≥°¨ ≠°π ¢• •∂°¨µ°¥•§ ≠Ø≤• £Ø≥¥ •¶¶•£¥©∂•¨π 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≤•∂•°¨ 4≤©°≥≥©£ ≥®°¨•≥ ≤•≥¥ ØÆ 0•≤≠©°Æ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥•≥ ©Æ °≤•°≥ •°≥¥ ض ¥®• ®©ß® °Æ§ ¥®• ≠°©Æ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¶Ø≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ¨©•≥ ©Æ ©≠≠°¥µ≤• §•¨¥°©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ≥ص≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• •°≥¥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ£•≥ ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ °∞∞°≤•Æ¥ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• °≤• ≥••Æ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ®©ß® .Ø¥°¢¨π ØÆ ¥®• ¥Ø∞ ض ¥®• ®©ß® ¥®©Æ %°≤¨π 4≤©°≥≥©£ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ ≤•≥¥ µÆ£ØƶØ≤≠°¢¨π ØÆ ¶Ø¨©°¥•§ 0°¨°•Ø∫Ø©£ µÆ©¥≥ ¢•¨ØÆß©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• ®©ß® )Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ ∑•≥¥ ض ¥®• ®©ß® ¥®• ©≠≠°¥µ≤• §•¨¥°©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ≥ص≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• •°≥¥ °≤• ¨°≤ß•¨π °¢≥•Æ¥ )Æ≥¥•°§ ≠°¥µ≤• -©§§¨• 4≤©°≥≥©£ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑®©£® ∑•≤• ≥ص≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ∑•≥¥ °≤• §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©≠∞¨π ¥®• (Ø≤Æ≥µÆ§ (©ß® ®°§ ° ÆØ¥°¢¨• ©≠∞°£¥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ 4®• ®©ß® ∑°≥ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ©Æ ¥®• %°≤¨π 4≤©°≥≥©£ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥• µÆ©¥≥ &ب¨Ø∑©Æß ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ ¥®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض ¥®• ®©ß® ∞•≤≥©≥¥•§ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ,°¥• 4≤©°≥≥©£ ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨π £≤•°¥©Æß ° ¢°≤≤©•≤ ¥Ø ©≠≠°¥µ≤• §•¨¥°©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥ص≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• •°≥¥ 4®• ,Ø∞∞° °Æ§ 3¥°∞∞•Æ ®©ß®≥ ¨Ø£°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ °≤•°≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥ص¥® ض (Ø≤Æ≥µÆ§ ≠°π ®°∂• ≥©≠©¨°≤¨π °¶¶•£¥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §©≥∞•≤≥°¨ )¶ ≥Ø ¥®•Æ ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ £Øµ¨§ ≥µßß•≥¥ ∞ØØ≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ©Æ ¥®• ,°¥• 4≤©°≥≥©£ ©Æ °≤•°≥ ∑•≥¥ ض ¥®• ®©ß®≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®•π ®©ß®¨©ß®¥ ¥®• ∞Ø≥≥©¢©¨©¥π ض ¨Ø£°¨¨π ≥ص≤£•§ %°≤¨π 4≤©°≥≥©£ °Æ§ ∑•≥¥•≤¨π ≥ص≤£•§ -©§§¨• 4≤©°≥≥©£ ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π °¢≥•Æ¥ ©Æ °≤•°≥ ¥Ø ¥®• •°≥¥

0≤•§©£¥©Æß ¥®• $©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 3®°¨¨Ø∑ -°≤©Æ• &°£©•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ (°¨Ø´©Æ•¥©£°¨¨π #ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ "°≥©Æ≥- )Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 5∞∞•≤ *µ≤°≥≥©£ &µ¨≠°≤ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. 5+#3*

*°≠•≥ &Ø•π 5 3¥µ°≤¥ - #¨°≤´•  4Ø≠ 2°Æ§¨•≥ . 3¥•∂•Æ "°Æ®°≠ G )°Æ 3¥©≠∞≥ØÆ 

3 "°≥©Æ $πÆ°≠©£≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ '•Øß≤°∞®π '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ¥®• %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ +••¨• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π +••¨• 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠ . "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠ , $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• °Æ§ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ ,ØƧØÆ 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠

™ ° ¨ ¶Ø•π$´••¨• °£ µ´

3•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¢π ®°¨Ø´©Æ•≥©≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ∑•¨¨ §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ °Æ§ §••∞ ≠°≤©Æ• ≤•°¨≠≥ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ®°∂• ≤•£•©∂•§ ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ¨©¥¥¨• °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ §•≥∞©¥• ¥®•©≤ •£ØÆØ≠©£ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ£• &°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ ¥π∞©£°¨ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ∑•¨¨ ≥¥µ§©•§ ¢µ¥ ¥®•≥• ≠ا•¨≥ §ØÆI¥ °££ØµÆ¥ ¶Ø≤ ®°¨Ø´©Æ•¥©£ §≤©∂•Æ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ∑®•≤• ≥°¨¥ ∑©¥®§≤°∑°¨ £°Æ •Æ®°Æ£• ¢°≥©Æ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• Ø≤ ≥°¨¥)∑°¨¨ µ∞¨©¶¥ £°Æ £≤•°¥• ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®©£ ¢°≤≤©•≤≥ ¥Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ∞°¥®≥ %Æ®°Æ£©Æß ¥®©≥ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ∑©¨¨ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ¥®• ¢°≥©≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≠ا•¨≥ ∑®©£® £°Æ °©§ ¥®• ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ ™µ∏¥°∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¢Ø¥® ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥°¨¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥ °Æ§ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®•≠ ∑®•≤• °∞∞¨©£°¢¨• 4®• 5∞∞•≤ *µ≤°≥≥©£ &µ¨≠°≤ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• #•Æ¥≤°¨ .Ø≤¥® 3•° ®°≥ ¢••Æ ° ≠°™Ø≤ ∞¨°π ¶°©≤∑°π ≥©Æ£• ¥®• §©≥£Ø∂•≤π ض ¥®• &µ¨≠°≤ &©•¨§ ©Æ -<= 4®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø £Ø¨¨°∞≥• ¢°≥©Æ≥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ °¢Ø∂• §©≥≥ب∂©Æß ≥°¨¥ ∑°¨¨≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ≥£Øµ≤•§ ¶≤Ø≠ °§™°£•Æ¥ -•≥Ø∫Ø©£ ≠©Æ©)¢°≥©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ 4®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ ض ¥®•≥• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ∑•≤• £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ¥®• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ©Æ¥•≤∞¨°π ض ¢°≥©Æ)≥£°¨• ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ ∑©¥® °£¥©∂• ≥°¨¥ ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ §©≥≥بµ¥©ØÆ (•≤• ∑• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °Æ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•§ ≥¥µ§π ¥®°¥ µ¥©¨©∫•≥ £Ø≤• °Æ§ ∑©≤•¨©Æ• ¨Øß≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≠ا•¨≥ ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®•≥• ¢°≥©Æ≥ #Ø≤• ¢°≥•§ ≥¥µ§©•≥ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ¶Ø£µ≥©Æß ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π ØÆ ©£®Æض°¢≤©£ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ •Æ°¢¨• §©≤•£¥ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ £Ø≤• °Æ§ ∑©≤•¨©Æ• §°¥° 4®©≥ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ∑©≤•¨©Æ• §°¥° ®°≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ¥®• ¢°≥©≥ ¶Ø≤ ° ¢°≥©Æ)≥£°¨• £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ µÆ©¥≥ 4®©≥ ≠µ¨¥©§©≥£©∞¨©Æ°≤π ≥¥µ§π ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ° ¶°£©•≥ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ¥Øب ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• °∞∞¨©•§ ¥Ø ¥®• &µ¨≠°≤ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ≥°¨¥)©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ °¨¨Ø∑©Æß ¶Ø≤ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ ¥Øب≥ ¥®°¥ •Æ°¢¨• ¥®• ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ¢Ø¥® ∑©¥®©Æ °Æ§ ¢•¥∑••Æ ®°¨Ø´©Æ•¥©£°¨¨π £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢°≥©Æ≥

.

3•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ≥¥≤°¥°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ≥µ¢¥©§°¨ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤≥- °Æ •∏°≠∞¨• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 6•Æ©£• ,°ßØØÆ G)¥°¨πH '®©Æ°≥≥©. -  $I!¨∞°Ø≥ ! "≤©∂©Ø , °Æ§ &©ÆØ¥•¨¨Ø ! $©∞°≤¥©≠•Æ¥Ø §© '•Ø≥£©•Æ∫• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥ª §© 0°§Ø∂° 6 '≤°§•Æ©ßØ * ,23.3 0°§Ø∂° )¥°¨π

≠°≥≥©≠©¨©°ÆØ ß®©Æ°≥≥©$µÆ©∞§ ©¥

-•£®°Æ©≥≠≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °¨ØÆß ¥©§°¨ ≠•°Æ§•≤ ¢•Æ§≥ ∑•≤• ≠°©Æ¨π §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ØÆ ≠ا•≤Æ ©Æ¥•≤¥©§°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ∑®©£® °≤• •°≥©¨π °££•≥≥©¢¨• °¥ ¥®• ¨Ø∑ ¥©§• ≥¥°ß• 3µ¢¥©§°¨ ≠•°Æ§•≤≥ §©§ ÆØ¥ ≤•£•©∂• ¥®• ≥°≠• °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ≥¥≤°¥°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤𠶕°¥µ≤•≥ °≤• ∞ØØ≤¨π ´ÆØ∑Æ 4®• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ≥¥µ§π °©≠≥ °¥ ≥®°§©Æß ≥Ø≠• ¨©ß®¥ ØÆ ≥µ¢¥©§°¨ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤≥ °Æ°¨π∫©Æß ° ≥µ¢≠•≤ß•§ ≠•°Æ§•≤ ض ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ 6•Æ©£• ,°ßØØÆ )¥°¨π £Øµ∞¨©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π £Ø≤•≥ ß•Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ≥µ¢)¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ ∞≤ض©¨•≥ °Æ§ Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≠ا•¨©Æß 4®• 6•Æ©£• ,°ßØØÆ £° =/ ´≠ ¨ØÆß °Æ§ / ´≠ ∑©§• ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫•§ ¢π °Æ °∂•≤°ß• §•∞¥® ض °¢Øµ¥ =). ≠ °Æ§ ° ¥©§°¨ ≤°Æß• ض °¢Øµ¥ / ≠ $µ≤©Æß ∑©Æ¥•≤ ¥©≠• ≥¥≤ØÆß ∑©Æ§≥ ¶≤Ø≠ .% £°µ≥• ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ¨°≤ß• ∑°∂•≥ ∑®©£® ∑©ÆÆØ∑ ≠Ø≥¥ ض ¥®• ¨°ßØØÆ ¶¨ØØ≤ 4®• ≥¥µ§π £®°ÆÆ•¨ ©≥

4®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ,°®°¥. ,•≠°¥. °Æ§ 4°¨°Æß !´°≤ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®• 3ص¥® 3µ≠°¥≤° "°≥©Æ. 3ص¥®•°≥¥ !≥©° !≠π 'ص߮ °Æ§ 2Ø¢•≤¥ (°¨¨ 3ص¥®•°≥¥ !≥©° 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 2Øπ°¨ (ب¨Ø∑°π 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,ØƧØÆ 3µ≤≤•π 47.D D%8

°≠π ßص߮$≤®µ¨ °£ µ´

4®• 3ص¥® 3µ≠°¥≤° "°≥©Æ ©Æ©¥©°¨¨π ¶Ø≤≠•§ ©Æ ¥®• ,°¥• #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ °≥ ° ≤•≥µ¨¥ ض •°≥¥)∑•≥¥ •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ #ØÆ¥©Æµ•§ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ °£¥©∂©¥π ¨•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ¶µ≤¥®•≤ §©∂©≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ©Æ¥Ø ¶Øµ≤ £¨•°≤ ≥•ß≤•ß°¥•§ ≥µ¢)¢°≥©Æ≥ 3•§©≠•Æ¥ ∑°≥ ¨Ø£°¨¨π ≥ص≤£•§ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®•≥• ¢°≥©Æ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥µ≤≤صƧ©Æß "°≤©≥°Æ -صƥ°©Æ≥ 4©ß°∞µ¨µ® (©ß® °Æ§ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨¨π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ,°≠∞µÆß (©ß® 4®• ,°®°¥ °Æ§ ,•≠°¥ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑•≤• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• %Ø£•Æ• °Æ§ •°≤¨π /¨©ßØ£•Æ• 4®• ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ ∑•≤• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ∞•§©≠ØÆ¥≥ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ≥ °Æ§ ¢≤°©§•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑®•≤•°≥ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ £•Æ¥≤• ∑°≥ ¥π∞©¶©•§ ¢π ° ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π §••∞ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 4®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ °¥ ¥®• ¥©≠• ∑°≥ °¶¶•£¥•§ ¢π £ØÆ¥•≠∞Ø≤°Æ•Øµ≥ ∂ب£°Æ©≥≠ °¨ØÆß ¥®• "°≤©≥°Æ °≤£ ¨•°§©Æß ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤£°¨°¥•§ ¥µ¶¶°£•Øµ≥ ¢•§≥ &ب¨Ø∑©Æß ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ,°®°¥ °Æ§ ,•≠°¥ °Æ ©Æ¶©¨¨©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ≥µ¢)¢°≥©Æ≥ °¨ØÆß≥©§• ° ß≤°§°¥©ØÆ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ ¨•§ ¥Ø ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 5∞∞•≤ /¨©ßØ£•Æ• °Æ§ ,Ø∑•≤ -©Ø£•Æ• 4°¨°Æß !´°≤ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ 4®• ©Æ¶©¨¨©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ≥µ¢)¢°≥©Æ≥ ¨•§ ¥Ø ≠Ø≤• ≥∞°¥©°¨¨π •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ 4®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °¨ØÆß≥©§• ¢°≥©Æ £•Æ¥≤• ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ¨°ßØØÆ°¨ §•¨¥°©£ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• °Æ§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥©£ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ 4®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ £ØÆ£¨µ≥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ¶©•¨§ ≥•°≥ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• 3ص¥® 3µ≠°¥≤° "°≥©Æ ∑®©£® ®©ß®¨©ß®¥≥ ¥®• £®°Æß• ¶≤Ø≠ ©Æ©¥©°¨ ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ض ¥®• ,°®°¥ °Æ§ ,•≠°¥ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ≥ ∑©¥® ≥Ø≠• ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ¥®≤ص߮ ¥Ø ¥®• ∑•¨¨)§•∂•¨Ø∞•§ °Æ§ ≥¥°¢©¨©≥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ض ¥®• 4°¨°Æß !´°≤ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• °Æ§ ≥Ø≠• §••∞•≤ ≠°≤©Æ• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®©≥ ©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ °¨ØÆß≥©§• ° ∞≤•¨©≠©Æ°≤π ®•°∂π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ≥¥µ§π ∑®©£® °©≠≥ ¥Ø ¢•¥¥•≤ £°¥•ßØ≤©≥• ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ¨ØØ´ °¥ ¢°≥©Æ £ØÆÆ•£¥©∂©¥π ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• 3ص¥® °Æ§ #•Æ¥≤°¨ 3µ≠°¥≤° "°≥©Æ≥ °Æ§ °≥£•≤¥°©Æ ∑®•¥®•≤ ¥®• ≠°©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥ص≤£• ©≥ ¨Ø£°¨©≥•§ Ø≤ ¶≤Ø≠ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ °¶©•¨§ ©• ¥®• -°¨°π 0•Æ©Æ≥µ¨°

G

4®©Æ/"•§§•§ 4µ≤¢©§©¥•≥> #®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£ &°£©•≥. 4®•©≤ $©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ 0≤Ø£•≥≥ 3•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ

2* (•°¨π 5 $ - (اß≥ØÆ  3 3 &¨©Æ¥ . 2 7©¨§ G °Æ§ ! 0ØÆ¥•Æ G

3 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+ . 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °¥≠Ø≥∞®•≤©£ °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -3, +0, 5+ , 3¥°¥Ø©¨ !3! 2•≥•°≤£® #•Æ¥≤• 2Ø¥∂ب¨ ./ADD2 4≤ØƧ®•©≠ .Ø≤∑°π

••≤≥®•$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

4®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ° ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ ©≥ ≥µ¢™•£¥ ¥Ø ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∂°≤©°¢¨•≥ ≥µ£® °≥ •∏©≥¥©Æß ¢°≥©Æ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ≤°Æß• °Æ§ ¥®• £¨©≠°¥©£ °Æ§ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ ≥•¥¥©Æß 3•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π ©≥ ØÆ• ≥µ£® ∂°≤π©Æß ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤ )¥ £°Æ ≤°Æß• ¶≤Ø≠ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ≥ص≤£•§ ∑©¥® ° ≥©Æߨ• ¶••§•≤ ≥π≥¥•≠ ¥Ø ¨©Æ• ≥ص≤£•§ ∑©¥® ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• £Ø•∂°¨ •Æ¥≤π ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ 7®©¨• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑©¥® ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ¶••§•≤ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ©Æ ≥•©≥≠©£ §°¥°≥•¥≥+ 'µ¨¶ ض -•∏©£Ø °Æ§ ©Æ ≠ا•≤Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥+ ,°´• "°©´°¨ ص¥ £≤Ø∞ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ °≤• ≤°≤• 0≤•∂©Øµ≥ ∑Ø≤´ ®°≥ ©Æ§©£°¥•§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¨°¥•≥¥ 0•≤≠©°Æ 5Æ©¥ = ©Æ ¥®• 3´ØØ≤≥¥••Æ¢•≤ß &≠ 4°Æ±µ° 3ص¥® !¶≤©£° ∑°≥ ¶•§ ¢π ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °¨ØÆß ≥¥≤©´• ¥®°¥ ∑•≤• °£¥©∂• °¥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¥©≠•≥ (اß≥ØÆ •¥ °¨ .//D 7®©¨• °≥∞•£¥≥ ض ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 5Æ©¥ = ®°∂• ¢••Æ§ °§§≤•≥≥•§ 7©¨§ •¥ °¨ .//= ° §•¥°©¨•§ ≥¥µ§π ض ¥®• µÆ©¥ ®°≥ π•¥ ¥Ø ¢• ≠°§• +•π °≥∞•£¥≥ ض 5Æ©¥ = ¥Ø ¢• £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ ©Æ£¨µ§• ¥®• ≤°Æß• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ ¥®• ß•Ø≠•¥≤π ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ¥Ø ¨Ø¢•≥ 4®•≥• °≥∞•£¥≥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• •∂°¨µ°¥•§ °ß°©Æ≥¥ µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß ∞Ø©Æ¥)≥ص≤£•§ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 4®• ©Æ©¥©°¨ ¶Ø£µ≥ ض ¥®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ©≥ ° ¨©¥•≤°¥µ≤• ≤•∂©•∑ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥•§ ¢π ¶©•¨§∑Ø≤´ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £Ø≤• °Æ§ ∑•¨¨ ¨Øß≥ ض ©Æ¥≤°£®°ÆÆ•¨ ¥®©Æ)¢•§§•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ )¥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ≤•£ØßÆ©≥•§ ¥®©Æ)¢•§§•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ £°Æ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° ≥•£ØƧ°≤π Ø≤ ¨•≥≥ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ ∞≤©≠°≤π ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ¥°≤ß•¥≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥®• 'µ¨¶ ض -•∏©£Ø #¨•≠•Æ£•°µ •¥ °¨ ./// (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• §•¥°©¨•§ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¥®•≥• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ¢•¨Ø∑ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≤•≠°©Æ≥ µÆ£•≤¥°©Æ 7©¥® ¥®• ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ §••∞ ∑°¥•≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ° ≥πÆ¥®•≥©≥ ض ¥®©Æ ¢•§§•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®•©≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ¢°≥•)ض)≥¨Ø∞• ¥Ø ¢°≥©Æ ¶¨ØØ≤ ≥•¥¥©Æß ≤•¨°¥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ©≥ ¨ØÆß Ø∂•≤§µ• ≥©Æ£• -µ¥¥©I≥ £¨°≥≥©£ -<< ∞°∞•≤

2•ß©≠•≥ ض ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ -°°≤¥•Æ 3* (•©™Æ•Æ  *Ø≤©≥ 4 %ßß•Æ®µ©≥•Æ *°Æ §• ,••µ∑ 5¥≤•£®¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π (•©§•¨¢•≤ߨ°°Æ . ,2@ #3 5¥≤•£®¥

≠ ≥ ®•©™Æ•Æ$≥¥µ§•Æ¥≥ µµ ƨ

%≤Ø≥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب ¥®• ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £®°ÆÆ•¨)¨•∂•• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °≤• ∞ØØ≤¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا /Æ• ض ¥®• ´•π ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ≥ ©≥ ∑®•¥®•≤ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ ¶••§¢°£´≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ °Æ§ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ∑©¨¨ °¨∑°π≥ £°µ≥• ° £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¥Ø •∂ب∂• ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ °Æ •±µ©¨©¢≤©µ≠ ≥®°∞• 3®©•¨§≥ ≥£°¨©Æß °¨¨Ø∑≥ ©Æ£Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ ¶Ø≤£©Æß Ø¶ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ ¢π∞°≥≥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ∑®©£® ©≥ •≥≥•Æ¥©°¨ ©Æ ≥¥µ§π©Æß ¥®• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض £®°ÆÆ•¨)¨•∂•• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 7• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض 3®©•¨§≥)≥£°¨•§ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ¥®°¥ £¨°≤©¶π ®Ø∑ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ∑©¥® §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ©Æ©¥©°¨ §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ≠ا©¶©•§ ¢π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ 4®≤•• ≤•ß©≠•≥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ £°Æ ¢• ≠°∞∞•§ ØÆ ° §©°ß≤°≠ £ØÆ¥°©Æ©Æß £®°ÆÆ•¨ ∑©§¥® §•∞¥® °Æ§ °≥∞•£¥ ≤°¥©Ø0 ° •±µ©¨©¢≤©µ≠ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥+ ¢ ©Æ£©≥©ØÆ°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥+ °Æ§ £ ¨Ø∑ °≥∞•£¥)≤°¥©Ø £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ¶©¨¨•§)©Æ ! ¥Ø¥°¨ ض ¶©∂• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ¥®°¥ £®°Æß• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π0 ¨•∂•• °ßß≤°§°¥©ØÆ £®°ÆÆ•¨ °ßß≤°§°¥©ØÆ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ©Æ£©≥©ØÆ ¢°Æ´ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¢•Æ£® ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ 6•¨Ø£©¥π ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ∑•≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø •∏∞¨Ø≤• ¥®• ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠≥ ¢•®©Æ§ ¥®•≥• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض ¢•§ ≥®•°≤ ≥¥≤•≥≥ °Æ§ ¶¨Ø∑)£Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ 4®• ¶©∂• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ £Ø≠¢©Æ• ©Æ ¥®≤•• §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≤•ß©≠•≥ ∑®©£® °≤• §©≥¥©Æßµ©≥®•§ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©£ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ¥®• £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °¨¥•≤Æ°¥©Æß ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ Ø££µ≤ 4®• •±µ©¨©¢≤©µ≠ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≤•ß©≠• £ØÆ≥©≥¥≥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ¥•Æ§©Æß ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ °Æ •±µ©¨©¢≤©µ≠ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π #®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ©Æ ¥®• ©Æ£©≥©ØÆ°¨ ≤•ß©≠• •∏®©¢©¥ °Æ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤ °Æ§ °≤• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ©Æ£©≥©ØÆ°¨ •∞©≥ا•≥ ©Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ 4®• ®©ß® °≥∞•£¥)≤°¥©Ø Ø∂•≤≥©∫•§ ≤•ß©≠• ©Æ∂ب∂•≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ©Æ¶©¨¨©Æß 4®• §•ß≤•• ض £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ¢π ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨ •≠•≤ß•§ °≥ ≠°©Æ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨©Æß ¶°£¥Ø≤ ØÆ ∑®°¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ Ø££µ≤≤•§ °Æ§ ©Æ ∑®°¥ ≤•ß©≠• ° £®°ÆÆ•¨ ∑°≥ ¨Ø£°¥•§ 4®•≥• ¥®≤•• ≤•ß©≠•≥ £°Æ ¢• ≠°∞∞•§ ØÆ ° ∞®°≥• §©°ß≤°≠ £ØÆ¥°©Æ©Æß £®°ÆÆ•¨ §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ≥ 4®•≥• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≠©ß®¥ ¢• µ≥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ¶µ¥µ≤• ¥Ø •Æ°¢¨• ±µ°¨©¥°¥©∂• ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞°¨•Ø ¶¨Ø∑ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥

J

#ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ©Æß ØÆ≥•¥ ض §•¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©Æ 0°©/+®Ø© ¶Ø¨§/°Æ§/¥®≤µ≥¥ ¢•¨¥ G2µ≥≥©°H. ∂©° ≠µ¨¥©/∞≤Ø∏π ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• ≥¥µ§π

(•©¨¢≤ØÆÆ. '* 5 #µ≤¥©≥ -  -Ø≤¥ØÆ ! . (π§•Æ & G ,Ø∞•∫)-©≤ "  °Æ§ -øÆÆ©´ 0 J

3 #!30 7•≥¥ "µ©¨§©Æß 3@3! (µÆ¥©ÆߧØÆ 2Ø°§ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #", D$( 5+ . (- 2•≥•°≤£® !≥≥Ø£©°¥•≥ #6 $7 5+ , /©¨ 1µ•≥¥ 3. !¢¢•π #ص≤¥ #•≤Æ• !¢¢°≥ $Ø≤£®•≥¥•≤ $4. *( 5+  )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ض '•Ø¨Øßπ 4°¨¨©ÆÆ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 4•£®ÆبØßπ %≥¥ØÆ©°

ߨØ≤©° ®•©¨¢≤ØÆÆ$£°≥∞ £°≠ °£ µ´

4®• .7)3% ¥≤•Æ§©Æß 0°©)+®Ø© ¶Ø¨§)°Æ§)¥®≤µ≥¥)¢•¨¥ 0+&" ©≥ ° ´•π ¶•°¥µ≤• ض ¥®• !≤£¥©£ 5≤°¨©§•≥ ¨©Æ´©Æß ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ÆØ≤¥®•≤¨π ≥•£¥Ø≤ ض ¥®• ≠°©Æ 5≤°¨©°Æ Ø≤Øß•Æ ¥®• 0ب°≤ 5≤°¨≥ ∑©¥® .Ø∂°π° :•≠¨π° T D// ´≠ ¥Ø ¥®• .7 4®• 0+&" ∞¨°π≥ ° £≤©¥©£°¨ ≤ب• ©Æ ¥®• ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• !≤£¥©£ 5≤°¨©§•≥ π•¥ ¥®• ØÆ≥•¥ ض §•¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¶Ø¨§ ¢•¨¥ ©≥ ∞ØØ≤¨π £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ ∑©¥® •≥¥©≠°¥•≥ ≤°Æß©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ 0•≤≠©°Æ ¥Ø %°≤¨π *µ≤°≥≥©£ 4Ø °§§≤•≥≥ ¥®©≥ ©≥≥µ• ¥®• ¥®©£´ 0•≤≠Ø)4≤©°≥≥©£ ¶¨π≥£® °Æ§ ≠ب°≥≥• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ¥®°¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• 5≤°¨©°Æ /≤Øß•Æπ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• 0°©)+®Ø© ≤•ß©ØÆ +Ø≤Ø¥°©´®° °Æ§ +°≤° ¢°≥©Æ≥ ∑•≤• ≥¥µ§©•§ ¥Ø •≥¥°¢¨©≥® •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• 4®•≥• ©Æ£¨µ§•§ ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£ £ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ ®•°∂π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ≥©Æߨ•)ß≤°©Æ ß•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤π °Æ§ 5)0¢ ØÆ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ∫©≤£ØÆ≥ §•¥•≤≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ≥ !Æ Ø∂•≤°¨¨ ∞≤Øß≤°§°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ §••∞ ≠°≤©Æ• #©≥µ≤°¨©°Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ¥Ø ¶¨µ∂©°¨ 'µ°§°¨µ∞©°Æ ¥Ø !Æ©≥©°Æ),°§©Æ©°Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ∑°≥ Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ¢Ø¥® ¥®• •°≥¥•≤Æ °Æ§ £•Æ¥≤°¨ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• +Ø≤Ø¥°©´®° "°≥©Æ ∑©¥® ¥®• •°≥¥•≤Æ ∞°≤¥ ≥®Ø∑©Æß ≠Ø≤• ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ 4®©≥ ©≥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥•Æ¥ ∑©¥® ¥®• ∞≤©Æ£©∞°¨ ≥ص≤£• °≤•° ض ¥®•≥• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ®°∂©Æß ¢••Æ ¨Ø£°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• 5≤°¨≥ ! ∞≤ضصƧ ≤•£Øƶ©ßµ≤°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ∞°¨°•Ø£µ≤≤•Æ¥ §©≤•£¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• 4≤©°≥≥©£ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®)£•Æ¥≤°¨ +Ø≤Ø¥°©´®° "°≥©Æ ¥Øß•¥®•≤ ∑©¥® ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ°Æ£• £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¥®• ØÆ≥•¥ ض µ∞¨©¶¥ °Æ§ •∏®µ≠°¥©ØÆ ©Æ 0+&" ¥Ø ¢• ≠©§)4≤©°≥≥©£ ©Æ °ß•

-ا•¨¨©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨. °•Ø¨©°Æ °Æ§ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ ≤°¥•≥ ض °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ ©Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß ≥°¨¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥

3©≠ØÆ $* *°£´≥ØÆ 5 .©ß•¨ 0 -صƥƕπ  ,µ£° #بØ≠¢•≤°  3¥•∂•Æ ' "°Æ®°≠ . 2©£®°≤§ #ب¨©•≤  .° 9°Æ 

3 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+ . &°£µ¨¥π ض %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• E %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ 37 .!: 5+

••≥§™$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

-°Æπ ≥°¨¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥ •∏®©¢©¥ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¶©¨¨≥ ¥®°¥ ≤•£Ø≤§ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ©Æ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• ®©≥¥Ø≤©•≥ ¥®°¥ ∂°≤©•§ ≥∞°¥©Ø) ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨¨π &Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• ¥®• ∞≤•≥•Æ£• ض ©Æ¥≤°¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ°¨ µÆ£ØƶØ≤≠©¥©•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¶©¨¨ ض ≥µ£® ¢°≥©Æ≥ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥•≥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ ¥©¨¥©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ¨°Æ§ ≥µ≤¶°£• °¥ ¥®• ¥©≠• ض °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ 4®©£´•Æ©Æß Ø¶ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ §•∞Ø£•Æ¥≤•≥ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥•≥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ض ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• °Æ§ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ )Æ ≤•ß©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ •∏∞•≤©•Æ£•§ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ≥µ£® ≥¥π¨•≥ ض ¢°≥©Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ •∏•≤¥ ° ∞≤©≠°≤π £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °•Ø¨©°Æ °Æ§ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠ ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ °Æ§ ≥¥π¨•≥ ض °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¨ØÆß)¥•≤≠ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ 4®• °©≠ ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ©≥ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤¥°´• ° §°¥°¢°≥• £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ °∞∞≤Ø°£® ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °•Ø¨©°Æ °Æ§ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ≥°¨¥) ∑°¨¨•§ ≠©Æ©)¢°≥©Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ 3∞•£©¶©£ Ø¢™•£¥©∂•≥ °≤•0 © ¥Ø ¥•≥¥ ¥®• ≤ب• ض ¥®• ≤°¥• ض ≥°¨¥ ≠Ø∂•≠•Æ¥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ≥°¨¥ ≠©Æ©)¢°≥©Æ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• °Æ§ ≥°¨¥)∑°¨¨ µ∞¨©¶¥ ©Æ §•¥•≤≠©Æ©Æß ¥®• Æ°¥µ≤• ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥¥°£´©Æß ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ °Æ§ ¥≤•Æ§≥+ ©© ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ ®Ø∑ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ®°¨Ø´©Æ•¥©£ ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤≥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °•Ø¨©°Æ °Æ§ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ !Æ°¨π≥©≥ •≠∞¨Øπ≥ ° §°¥°¢°≥• °∞∞≤Ø°£® ∑®•≤•¢π ¶©•¨§) °Æ§ ¨©¥•≤°¥µ≤•)§•≤©∂•§ §°¥° §•≥£≤©¢©Æß ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨)•¨•≠•Æ¥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ≥ ض £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ≥°¨¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠°Æπ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ °≤• £Ø§•§ ©Æ ° ≥¥°Æ§°≤§©∫•§ ¶Ø≤≠°¥ °Æ§ ≥¥Ø≤•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ°¨ §°¥°¢°≥•W &!+43 4®• §°¥°¢°≥• ©≥ ¥®•Æ ©Æ¥•≤≤Øß°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥•≥¥ ®Ø∑ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ ≥π≥¥•≠ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ °≤• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¢π ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ≥¥π¨•≥ ض ≥°¨¥ ∑©¥®§≤°∑°¨ °Æ§ ¢°≥©Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ )Æ©¥©°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• ° £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ©Æ¥•≤∞¨°π ¢•¥∑••Æ °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ °Æ§ °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥¥°£´©Æß ∞°¥¥•≤Æ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ¥®• ≤°¥• ض ≥°¨¥ ≠Ø∂•≠•Æ¥ #Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≥∞°¥©Ø)¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ض °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ §©£¥°¥• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨)£Ø≠∞¨•∏ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≥¥°£´©Æß ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ,°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ¢°≥©Æ≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞ ©Æ §•∞Ø£•Æ¥≤•≥ ض ¢¨©Æ§ ≥°¨¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ¥®°¥ ∞Ø≥≥•≥≥ ÆØ Øµ¥¶¨Ø∑ ∞°¥®∑°π !•Ø¨©°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ©≥ ¶°∂ص≤•§ ØÆ ≥°¨¥)∑°¨¨ ®©ß®≥ •¨•∂°¥•§ °¢Ø∂• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞¨°©Æ≥ ¥®•≠≥•¨∂•≥ £Øƶ©Æ•§ ¥Ø ≥µ¢≥©§©Æß ¢°≥©Æ £•Æ¥≤•≥ #¨©≠°¥• ©≥ °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ≥•£ØƧ°≤π ¶°£¥Ø≤ ßØ∂•≤Æ©Æß ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•

=

0≤•§©£¥©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ µ≥©Æß ÆØÆ/§•≥¥≤µ£¥©∂• £Ø≤• ¨Øß 8/≤°π ¶¨µØ≤•≥£•Æ£• ß•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤π- #Ø≠∞°≤©Æß ¥®• "≤•Æ¥ '≤ص∞ °Æ§ #ØØ´ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. .Ø≤¥® 3•°*

!µ∑°¨µ 9* ,°∑°Æ 5 2©£®°≤§ ( 7Ø≤§•Æ  °Æ§ *°≠•≥ #®µ≤£®©¨¨ .

3 $©°ß•Æ•≥©≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,©∂•≤∞Øب 5+ . "' '≤ص∞ 2•°§©Æß 5+

°¨πب°$¨©∂ °£ µ´

4®• -©§§¨• *µ≤≤°≥≥©£ "≤•Æ¥ '≤ص∞ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ض ¥®• 4®©≥¥¨• &©•¨§ 5+ ≥•£¥Ø≤ °Æ§ ¥®• ,Ø∑•≤ *µ≤°≥≥©£ #ØØ´ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• +Æ°≤≤ ¶©•¨§ ©Æ ¥®• Æ•°≤¢π .Ø≤∑•ß©°Æ ≥•£¥Ø≤ ض ¥®• .Ø≤¥® 3•° °≤• ¢Ø¥® ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ©≤ØÆ)≤©£® ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ 4®• 4®©≥¥¨• &©•¨§ £ØÆ¥°©Æ≥ ∞Ø≤•)¶©¨¨©Æß °Æ§ ß≤°©Æ)≤•∞¨°£©Æß ≥©§•≤©¥• ©≤ØÆ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• °≥ ¥®• ≠°©Æ &•)≠©Æ•≤°¨ )Æ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ ¥®• +Æ°≤≤ ¶©•¨§ £ØÆ¥°©Æ≥ ß≤°©Æ)£Ø°¥©Æß &•)≤©£® £®¨Ø≤©¥• ©≤ØÆ)¢•°≤©Æß £¨°π 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ©≥ ©Æ¥•Æ§•§ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ∑®π ≥Ø≠• &•)≤©£® ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• £ØÆ¥°©Æ≥ ≥©§•≤©¥• ∑®©¨• Ø¥®•≤≥ £ØÆ¥°©Æ £®¨Ø≤©¥• (•≤• ∑• ≤•∞Ø≤¥ ØÆ ¥®• ¨©Æ´ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ß•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤π #Ø≤• ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• "≤•Æ¥ '≤ص∞ 4®©≥¥¨• ∑•¨¨ °Æ§ #ØØ´ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ +Æ°≤≤ ∑•¨¨ ∑•≤• °Æ°¨π≥•§ µ≥©Æß ÆØÆ)§•≥¥≤µ£¥©∂• °µ¥Ø)£Ø≤• 8)≤°π ¶¨µØ≤•≥£•Æ£• 82& ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ ¨Øßß©Æß ©Æ °Æ °¥¥•≠∞¥ ¥Ø ≥•• ©¶ ¥®• ≠µ¨¥©)•¨•≠•Æ¥ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ §°¥° £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂•¨π Ø≤ ±µ°¨©¥°¥©∂•¨π §©≥£≤©≠©Æ°¥• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ (©ß® ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ £Ø≤• §•≥£≤©∞¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• £Ø≤• ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ∑°≥ £ØƧµ£¥•§ ¢°≥• ØÆ ¨©¥®Ø¨Øßπ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ §•ß≤•• °Æ§ ¥π∞• ض ¢©Ø¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• £•≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ 4∑•¨∂• °Æ§ •¨•∂•Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ Ø≤ ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑•≤• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• "≤•Æ¥ '≤ص∞ °Æ§ #ØØ´ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ≤•≥∞•£¥©∂•¨π -°™Ø≤ °Æ§ ¥≤°£• •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ §°¥° ∑•≤• °£±µ©≤•§ °Æ§ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ 4®• µ≥• ض ¥®• ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ≠°™Ø≤ •¨•≠•Æ¥ ©Æ§•∏ ∞¨Ø¥≥ °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¥®• §©≥£≤©≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ 4®©≥ ©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¥Ø ¢• ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥ ض §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ ≥µ£® °≥ £°¨£©¥• ≥©§•≤©¥• ∞π≤©¥• ¢©Ø¥©¥• ≠µ≥£Ø∂©¥• )¨¨©¥• ©¨≠•Æ©¥• °Æ§ £®¨Ø≤©¥• ¢•©Æß °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ≥∞•£©¶©£ ¶°£©•≥ #Ø≤• 8)≤°π ¶¨Øµ≤•≥£•Æ£• ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ ≠°π ¥®µ≥ ¢• µ≥•§ °≥ ° ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ≤°∞©§ °Æ§ °µ¥Ø≠°¥•§ ¥Øب ¥Ø §©≥£≤©≠©Æ°¥• ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ©§•Æ¥©¶π §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ¥π∞•≥ #®¨Ø≤©¥•) ∂•≤≥µ≥ ≥©§•≤©¥•)¢•°≤©Æß &•)≤©£® ≠°≤©Æ• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ®°≥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤•≥ ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• ±µ©£´¨π °Æ§ ≤•∞•°¥•§¨π ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ 4®©≥ °∞∞≤Ø°£® £°Æ ¢• •∏¥•Æ§•§ ¥Ø ≥©§•∑°¨¨ £Ø≤•≥ °Æ§ £µ¥¥©Æß≥ °Æ§ £Øµ¨§ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨¨π ¢• µ≥•§ ©Æ §Ø∑Ʈب• ¨Øßß©Æß (•Æ£• ¥®©≥ ¥•£®Æ©±µ• ©≥ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨¨π ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ °≥ ° ¶µ¥µ≤• ≥£≤••Æ©Æß ¥Øب ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ≥¥µ§π ض ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≤Ø£´≥

!∞∞¨π©Æß Æ•µ≤°¨ Æ•¥∑Ø≤´ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ¥Ø ∑©≤•¨©Æ• §°¥° ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≤•£ØßÆ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¨Ø¢• ≥µ¢/•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¢°≥©Æ/¶¨ØØ≤ ≥π≥¥•≠≥- ° £°≥• ≥¥µ§π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• +°≤ØØ "°≥©Æ $°∂©§ 2* ,••  -•ÆÆØ (ض≥¥≤° °Æ§ $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® E %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥

§ ¨••3$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

! ≥•≤©•≥ ض ≤•≥•°≤£® ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨•≥ ©Æ ¥®• 4°Æ±µ° §•∞Ø£•Æ¥≤• ∑•≤• ¶µ¨¨π £Ø≤•§ °Æ§ ° ≥µ©¥• ض ß•Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ ¨Øß≥ £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• •∏∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¨Ø¢• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ¶≤Ø≠ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• Æ•°≤¢π ص¥£≤Ø∞≥ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥°Æ¥ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•§ §°¥°≥•¥ ∞•≤≠©¥≥ ¥®• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ∑©≤•¨©Æ• ¨Øß ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥•≥ ∑®©£® ∑®•Æ £°¨©¢≤°¥•§ ¥Ø £Ø≤• £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ¨Ø¢• ≥µ¢)•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¨Ø¢•) §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢°≥©Æ)¶¨ØØ≤ ¶°Æ ∞µ≤•¨π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•©≤ ∑©≤•¨©Æ• ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤• "°≥•§ ØÆ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥ ∑Ø≤´ ¶Øµ≤ §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ¨Ø¢• ≥µ¢)•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• £Ø≤• ≤•£Ø≤§ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ §•¥•≤≠©Æ•§ ¶≤Ø≠ §•¥°©¨•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¨Øßß©Æß0  ¨Ø¢• °∏©≥ W ¥®©£´)¢•§§•§ °≠°¨ß°≠°¥•§ ¶©Æ• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥+ . ¨Ø¢• ض¶)°∏©≥ W ≥¥≤°¥©¶©•§ ≠•§©µ≠)¢•§§•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥+ G ¨Ø¢• ¶≤©Æß• W ¥®©Æ)¢•§§•§ ®•¥•≤ب©¥®©£ ∞°£´°ß•≥ ض ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥® ¨Ø£°¨ £®°Ø¥©£ °Æ§ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•)∞≤ØÆ• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥+ J §©≥¥°¨ ¶≤©Æß• W ¥®©Æ)¢•§§•§ ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ•≥ 4®• ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ©Æ £Ø≤• ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¨Ø¢• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• §•¶©Æ•§ ¢π ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞•¥≤Ø∞®π≥£©°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ß°≠≠°)≤°π ≥ØÆ©£ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π °Æ§ ≤•≥©≥¥©∂©¥π .•µ≤°¨ Æ•¥∑Ø≤´ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ©≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ¨Ø¢• ≥µ¢)•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• £°¨©¢≤°¥•§ ∑©≤•¨©Æ• ¨Øß ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ∑©¥® ¥®• ≠•¥®Ø§ •∂°¨µ°¥•§ µ≥©Æß £Ø≤• §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ Ø¥®•≤ ∑•¨¨≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≥¥µ§π °≤•° 4®• °§∂°Æ¥°ß• ض ¥®©≥ ≠•¥®Ø§ ©Æ £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ ∑©¥® £ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ •¨•£¥≤ض°£©•≥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ©≥ ¥®°¥ ©¥ £°Æ ¢• £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ ¥Ø ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ •∏∞•£¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®• §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¨Ø¢• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ Øµ¥£≤Ø∞ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ 4®• °∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §°¥°≥•¥≥ £Øµ¨§ °¨¨Ø∑ ¢•¥¥•≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• G$ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¢°≥©Æ)¶¨ØØ≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ∑®•≤• Øƨπ $ ∑©≤•¨©Æ• ≤•£Ø≤§≥ °≤• °∂°©¨°¢¨• ¥®µ≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§©Æß ¢•¥¥•≤ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ¥ ¥Ø ߕبØß©£°¨ ≠ا•¨≥

D

4•≥¥©Æß ¥®• µ≥• ض ≥µ¨¶µ≤ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞•≥ °Æ§ ≥µ¨¶µ≤ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ °≥ ¶°£©•≥ ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤≥ ©Æ 0≤•£°≠¢≤©°Æ °Æ§ 0®°Æ•≤Ø∫Ø©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´≥ !¨•∏ '* ,©∞∞  .•©¨ 3 $°∂©•≥ °Æ§ 3°≥®° 6 4µ≤£®πÆ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• $Ø∑Æ©Æß 3¥≤••¥ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%1

°ß¨,@$£°≠ °£ µ´

2•£•Æ¥ ∑Ø≤´ ®°≥ ≥®Ø∑Æ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ©≥Ø¥Ø∞©£ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞π≤©¥• ∑©¥®©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©≥ ¥Ø ≥Ø≠• §•ß≤•• §•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ©Æ ¥®•Ø≤π ¥®• §•ß≤•• ض ≠°≤©Æ• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ≥®Øµ¨§ °¶¶•£¥ ¥®• ≥µ¨¶µ≤ ß•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤π ض ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥0 §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ≠µ£® ¨°≤ß•≤ ≥µ¨¶µ≤ ∞Øب °∂°©¨°¢¨• ©Æ ≠°≤©Æ• ∑°¥•≤ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¥Ø ≠•¥•Ø≤©£ ∑°¥•≤ )¥ ≠°π ¥®µ≥ ¢• ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨• ¥Ø µ≥• ≥µ¨¶µ≤ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞•≥ °Æ§ ≥µ¨¶µ≤ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ °≥ ° ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤ ض ≠°≤©Æ• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ©Æ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ß©∂•Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´ 0Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨¨π ¥®©≥ ≠•°Æ≥ ¥®°¥ ß•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤π £Øµ¨§ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ° ∞Ø∑•≤¶µ¨ ¥Øب ¥Ø •∏∞¨Ø≤• ≠°≤©Æ• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ©Æ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£Ø≤§ ©Æ ≥¥≤°¥° ∑®•≤• §©°ßÆØ≥¥©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ Ø≤ ∞°¨°•ØƥبØß©£°¨ ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤•≥ °≤• ¨°£´©Æß 7• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ∞π≤©¥• £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ Y GJ 30π≤©¥• §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض 0≤•£°≠¢≤©°Æ °Æ§ 0®°Æ•≤Ø∫Ø©£ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥ ¥®•≠ ©Æ ¥®• £ØÆ¥•∏¥ ض Ø¥®•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ ≥©ßÆ°¥µ≤•≥ ض ≠°≤©Æ• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ©Æ ¥®•©≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ 0°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ∞°©§ ¥Ø ≥°≠∞¨•≥ £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠°≤©Æ• °Æ§ ÆØÆ)≠°≤©Æ• µÆ©¥≥ ض ¥®• 0≤•£°≠¢≤©°Æ 4Ø≤≤©§ØÆ©°Æ 3µ∞•≤ß≤ص∞ ©Æ 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ °Æ§ ¥®• /≤§Ø∂©£©°Æ)3©¨µ≤©°Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠°≤©Æ• ≤Ø£´≥ ¶≤Ø≠ 7•≥¥•≤§°¨• ©Æ ¥®• (Ø∑ß©¨¨ &•¨¨≥ .7 %Æߨ°Æ§ 0π≤©¥• £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑•≤• §•¥•≤≠©Æ•§ ¢π •∏¥≤°£¥©Æß ¥®• ∞π≤©¥• °≥ ≥µ¨∞®©§• ¢π ≤•°£¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ≤•§µ£•§ £®≤Ø≠ص≥ £®¨Ø≤©§• °Æ§ ¥≤°∞∞©Æß ¥®• •∂ب∂•§ ®π§≤Øß•Æ ≥µ¨¶©§• ß°≥ °≥ ∫©Æ£ ≥µ¨¶©§• ∑©¥®©Æ ∫©Æ£ °£•¥°¥• 4®• £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥µ¨¶©§• ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®©≥ ¥≤°∞ £°Æ ¢• ∞≤•£©≥•¨π ≠•°≥µ≤•§ ≥∞•£¥≤Ø∞®Ø¥Ø≠•¥≤©£°¨¨π ¢π ≤•°£¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® §©°≠©Æ• ≤•°ß•Æ¥ ¥Ø ∞≤اµ£• ≠•¥®π¨•Æ• ¢¨µ• 4®©≥ ≠•¥®Ø§ ©≥ ∞≤•£©≥• °Æ§ ¥®• •∏¥≤°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞π≤©¥• ©≥ Æ•°≤ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂•

A3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ,Ø¢•≥B Ø≤ A¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥®••¥ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥B. °≤• ¥®•π ¥®• ≥°≠•& %∏°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ ض .7 !≤ß•Æ¥©Æ° 1µÆ ,©µ  "•Æ +Æ•¨¨•≤ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ

≤D3±¨3$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¨Ø¢• ≤•¶•≤≥ ¥Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¢Ø§©•≥ ∑©¥® ° ¨Ø¢°¥• ≥®°∞• 4µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥®••¥ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø §•≥£≤©¢• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥® ¥°¢µ¨°≤ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °¨∑°π≥ °¥ ° ≥£°¨• ض  ¥Ø °≥ ≠µ£® °≥ // ´≠ Ø≤ ≠Ø≤• 4®• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¨Ø¢•≥ °Æ§ ≥®••¥≥ ©≥ ≠°©Æ¨π £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ¶¨Ø∑ •¶¶©£©•Æ£π °Æ§ ¥®• §•ß≤•• ض ¢°≥©Æ £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ #Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ ≤•¶•≤≥ ¥Ø ¥®• §•ß≤•• ¥Ø ∑®©£® ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ °≤• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¢π ¥®• ≥µ≤≤صƧ©Æß ¢°≥©Æ ≤•¨©•¶ &¨Ø∑ •¶¶©£©•Æ£π ©≥ ≠°©Æ¨π §•¥•≤≠©Æ•§ ¢π ¶¨Ø∑ ∂بµ≠• ¶¨Ø∑ §•Æ≥©¥π °Æ§ ∞•≤£•Æ¥°ß• ض ¶©Æ•≥ #•≤≤Ø "ب° ØÆ ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• 0°ß°Æ∫Ø ¢°≥©Æ ∞≤Ø∞•≤ ©≥ ///≠ ¥®©£´ °Æ§ ≤•£Ø≤§ ¥®≤•• ߨ°£©°¨ ¥Ø §•ß¨°£©°¨ £π£¨•≥ 4®• ≥¥µ§π ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ ©≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ 0•ÆÆ≥π¨∂°Æ©°Æ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ ∑©¥® ° ≠°∏©≠µ≠ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ض ./ ≠•¥•≤≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ≥•£ØƧ §•ß¨°£©°¨ £π£¨• 4®•≥• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ §©∂©§•§ ©Æ¥Ø ¶©∂• ≥¥°ß•≥ ض ∑®©£® ¥∑Ø Æ°≠•§ 43. °Æ§ 43J ®°∂• ¢••Æ £®Ø≥•Æ ¶Ø≤ §•¥°©¨•§ ¢•§ ¥Ø ¢•§ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ 4®• ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ¢•§≥ ©Æ 43J £Øµ¨§ ¢• ∑•¨¨ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥•§ °¨¨ ¥®• ∑°π °¨ØÆß ¥®• /´≠ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥≤©´• §©≤•£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ =´≠ ©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ §©∞ §©≤•£¥©ØÆ ∑®•≤•°≥ ¥®• ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ¢•§≥ ©Æ 43. £Øµ¨§ ÆØ¥ ¢• £Øƶ©§•Æ¥¨π £Ø≤≤•¨°¥•§ Ø∂•≤ ° §©≥¥°Æ£• ض / ≠  "π £Ø≠∞°≤©Æß ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ∂بµ≠• °Æ§ ∞•≤£•Æ¥°ß• ض ¶©Æ•≥ ∑• ®°∂• ¶ØµÆ§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¢•§≥ ©Æ 43J ®°∂• ¨°≤ß•≤ ¶¨Ø∑ ∂بµ≠•≥ °Æ§ ®©ß®•≤ ∞•≤£•Æ¥°ß• ض ≠µ§ 7• £°Æ §•§µ£• ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¢©ßß•≤ ≠µ§§©•≤ ¶¨Ø∑≥ °≤• ≠Ø≤• ¨©´•¨π ¥Ø ∞≤اµ£• ¥°¢µ¨°≤ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ¢•§≥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• •Æ¥©≤• ¢°≥©Æ  4®µ≥ ¥®• ¥•≤≠ ¨Ø¢• £Øµ¨§ ØÆ¨π ¢• °∞∞¨©•§ ¥Ø ≥°Æ§π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥®°¥ ∑•≤• ¥ØØ ≥≠°¨¨ ¥Ø •∏¥•Æ§ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ °Æ§ ∑•≤• ¥®µ≥ ©Æ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂• ¥Ø ¥®• £Øƶ©Æ•≠•Æ¥ ∑®•≤•°≥ ¥®• ¥•≤≠ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥®••¥ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ©≥ ≠Ø≤• ≥µ©¥°¢¨• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¨°≤ß•≤ ≠µ§§π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 43J ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• ≤•ß°≤§•§ °≥ ¢•©Æß £Øƶ©Æ•§ •∂•Æ ¥®Øµß® •∏∞•≤©•Æ£©Æß ¥®• ≥°≠• ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π °≥ 43.

<

3µÆ. 3°Æ§ °Æ§ 3°¨¥- 4®• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥°¢´®°≥ ض !¢µ $®°¢© 3¥•∞®•Æ 7* ,Ø´©•≤  8©Æ "©∏©°Ø °Æ§ !Ƨ≤•°≥ 0°µ¨ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ 4®• 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• 0 / "Ø∏ .2,, !¢µ $®°¢© 5!%

≥¨Ø´©•≤$∞© °£ °•

4®• £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≥°¢´®°≥ ض !¢µ $®°¢© ®°∂• ¢••Æ ¥®• ¶Ø£µ≥ ض ©Æ¥•Æ≥©∂• ≤•≥•°≤£® °£¥©∂©¥©•≥ ¶Ø≤ ≠Ø≤• ¥®°Æ ®°¨¶ ° £•Æ¥µ≤π )¥ ©≥ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ≥Ø≠•∑®°¥ ≥µ≤∞≤©≥©Æß ¥®°¥ ¥Ø §°¥• ¥®•©≤ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ £ØµÆ¥•≤∞°≤¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ƕߨ•£¥•§ 7®©¨• ¥®• £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≥°¢´®° ض !¢µ $®°¢© ©≥ ∑•¨¨ µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا ÆØ ¶Ø£µ≥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ Ø≤ ≠©Æ•≤°¨Øß©£°¨ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ∑•≤• £ØƧµ£¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥°¢´®°≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ®Ø≥¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• 2µ¢ °¨ +®°¨© §•≥•≤¥ ض ¥®• 5!% 2•£ØÆÆ°©≥≥°Æ£• ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ¥®°¥ Ø≤ß°Æ©£)≤©£® ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ °Æ§ •∂°∞Ø≤©¥•≥ ≥©≠©¨°≤ ¥Ø ¥®Ø≥• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ¥®• £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≥°¢´®° °¨≥Ø Ø££µ≤ ©Æ ¥®•≥• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥°¢´®°≥ 3°¥•¨¨©¥• ©≠°ß•≤π ∑°≥ •≠∞¨Ø𕧠¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ≥©¥•≥ ¶Ø≤ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ+ ¶©•¨§ ≤•£ØÆÆ°©≥≥°Æ£• •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ¥®• ∂°¨©§©¥π ض ≥©¥•≥ ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض °Æ¥®≤Ø∞Øß•Æ©£ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• °Æ§ °££•≥≥©¢©¨©¥π !¥ •°£® ≥©¥• ≥µ≤¶°£• ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ∑•≤• §•≥£≤©¢•§ ©Æ §•¥°©¨ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤¨π ∑©¥® ≤•¶•≤•Æ£• ¥Ø °Æπ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ £Ø≠≠µÆ©¥©•≥+ ≥°≠∞¨• ∞©¥≥ ∑•≤• §µß ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥ ≥µ¢)≥µ≤¶°£• ¶°£©•≥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ °Æ§ ¥Ø ≤•£Ø∂•≤ ¢Ø¥® ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ∞Ø≤• ∑°¥•≤ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ )Æ •°£® ∞©¥ ° ≤°Æß• ض •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ∑°≥ ≠•°≥µ≤•§ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ≥µ≤¶°£• °Æ§ ≥µ¢)≥µ≤¶°£• ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤•≥ ß≤صƧ ∑°¥•≤ ≥°¨©Æ©¥π °Æ§ §©≥≥ب∂•§ Ø∏πß•Æ 3•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ∑•≤• ≥µ¢™•£¥•§ ¥Ø ° ≤°Æß• ض °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø •≥¥°¢¨©≥® °Æ§ ±µ°Æ¥©¶π ∞≤©≠°≤π ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °Æπ •°≤¨π §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ∞®°≥•≥ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ¢µ©¨§ °Æ °¥¨°≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ¥•∏¥µ≤•≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥°¢´®° ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ 4®•≥• Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ °¨¨Ø∑ µ≥ ¥Ø •≥¥°¢¨©≥® ¥®• §•¶©Æ©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ •°≤¨π §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• •≠∞¨Ø𕧠¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ≥©≠©¨°≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ 4®©≥ ∑©¨¨ µ¨¥©≠°¥•¨π •Æ°¢¨• ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ¢•¥¥•≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≠ا•¨≥ ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض ¨°¥•≤°¨ °Æ§ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ∞•¥≤Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ ¶°£©•≥ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π °Æ§ ¶¨µ©§ ¶¨Ø∑

5Ƨ•≤Æ•°¥® ¥®• -°Æß≤Ø∂• 4≤••- 4®• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ¶°£©•≥ ض ≠°Æß≤Ø∂• ≥π≥¥•≠≥

3¥•∞®•Æ 7* ,Ø´©•≤ 5 &¨°∂©° &©Ø≤©Æ©  -°≤´ &≤••≠°Æ . &≤°ÆÀØ©≥• -©£®•¨ . !Ƨ≤•°≥ 0°µ¨  °Æ§ *©°Æ¶•Æß 3ØÆß 

3 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ 4®• 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• 0 / "Ø∏ .2,, !¢µ $®°¢© 5!% . .ص´®°§° !§∂•Æ¥µ≤• #Ø≠∞°Æπ 0 / "Ø∏ ,,, !¢µ $®°¢© 5!%

≥¨Ø´©•≤$∞© °£ °•

4®• •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• ≠°Æß°¨≥ ض ¥®• 5Æ©¥•§ !≤°¢ %≠©≤°¥•≥ °≤• ض¥•Æ £©¥•§ °≥ ° ≤•£•Æ¥ °Æ°¨Øßµ• ¶Ø≤ -•≥Ø∫Ø©£ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ¶°£©•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• -©§§¨• %°≥¥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥Ø §°¥• ¥®•≤• ®°≥ ÆØ¥ ¢••Æ °Æπ °¥¥•≠∞¥ ¥Ø ¶µ¨¨π §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥• ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ ض ¥®•≥• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 3µ£® ° ∞°µ£©¥π ض §°¥° ≥•∂•≤•¨π £Ø≠∞≤Ø≠©≥•≥ ∞°¨°•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ¥®• £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ¥ ض ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≠ا•¨≥ $µ≤©Æß ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ®©≥¥Ø≤©£°¨ ≥°¥•¨¨©¥• ©≠°ß•≤𠨩¥•≤°¥µ≤• ≤•∂©•∑≥ °Æ§ ß≤صƧ)¢°≥•§ ≤•£ØÆÆ°©≥≥°Æ£• ∑•≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ° Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ≠°Æß°¨ °≤•° ©Æ ¥®• ∂©£©Æ©¥π ض 9°≥ )≥¨°Æ§ ! ¥≤°Æ≥•£¥ ∑°≥ •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ∑©¥® ≥°≠∞¨©Æß ≥¥°¥©ØÆ≥ °¥ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ض ¢•¥∑••Æ . °Æ§ ./ ≠•¥≤•≥ ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø °££µ≤°¥•¨π ≤•£Ø≤§ ¥®• ≤°Æß• ض •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ¢Ø¥® ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض •Æ•≤ßπ °Æ§ ©Æ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• §•ß≤•• ض ¥©§°¨ •∏∞Ø≥µ≤• !Æ °≤≤°π ض •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ∑•≤• ≠ØÆ©¥Ø≤•§ ¥®•≥• ©Æ£¨µ§•§ ¢µ¥ ∑•≤• ÆØ¥ ¨©≠©¥•§ ¥Ø ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• ≥°¨©Æ©¥π ∞( £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ∑°¥•≤ §•∞¥® §©≥≥ب∂•§ Ø∏πß•Æ °Æ§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π 4®• ≥µ≤¶°£• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °¥ •°£® ≥°≠∞¨• ≥¥°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ≥°≠∞¨•§ °¥ ≤•∞•°¥ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ °Æ§ ≥µ¢™•£¥•§ ¥Ø ° ≤°Æß• ض °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• °Æ§ ≠ا°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢©Ø¥° °Æ§ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥ ض ¥Ø¥°¨ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π °¨¨Ø∑ µ≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ ° ≠°Æß°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶°£©•≥ ≠°∞ ¥®°¥ °££µ≤°¥•¨π •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•≥ ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß °Æ§ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ 4®•≥• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ £°Æ ¢• •≠∞¨Ø𕧠¥Ø ©Æ¶Ø≤≠ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ µÆ§•≤ ≥©≠©¨°≤ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ &µ≤¥®•≤ ¥®• ¶©Æ§©Æß≥ ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ∑©¨¨ °©§ ©Æ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض °££µ≤°¥• ∞•¥≤ب•µ≠ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≠ا•¨≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ ¢π ° ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• §°¥° ≥•¥ ,°≥¥¨π ° £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ض Æ°¥µ≤°¨ °Æ§ °≤¥©¶©£©°¨ ≠°Æß°¨≥ ∑©¨¨ °©§ ص≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• •¶¶•£¥≥ ض ¥®•≥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π §πÆ°≠©£≥ ض ¥®• 5!%I≥ £Ø°≥¥¨©Æ•



&°£©•≥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ®µ≠©§/¥≤Ø∞©£°¨. ≥πÆ/ ¥Ø •°≤¨π ∞Ø≥¥/≤©¶¥ £Ø°≥¥°¨ ∞¨°©Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥- ¥®• -©Ø£•Æ• + '≤ص∞ ض ¥®• -°¨°π "°≥©Æ

)≤§°∑°¥© ,Ø´≠°Æ  ($ *Ø®Æ≥ØÆ °Æ§ #!), *°£´≥ØÆ "°≥©Æ≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ ="2'> $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• E %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠

© ¨Ø´≠°Æ3*$©≠∞•≤©°¨ °£ µ´

4®• ß≤Ø≥≥ ¥•£¥ØÆØ)≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≥•¥¥©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• + '≤ص∞ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ° £° / -π≤ ∞•≤©Ø§ ,°¥• /¨©ßØ£•Æ• ¥Ø -©§§¨• -©Ø£•Æ• ¥®°¥ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ¥®• -°¨°π "°≥©ÆI≥ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≥πÆ)≤©¶¥ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ∞¨°©Æ)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≥•¥¥©Æß ¥Ø ° ∞Ø≥¥)≤©¶¥ ض¶≥®Ø≤• ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•¥¥©Æß (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• + '≤ص∞ ©≥ µÆ£•≤¥°©Æ ∑©¥® ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• °Æ§ ≥®Ø≤•¶°£•)§•¨¥°©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≠ا•¨≥ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ≥µßß•≥¥•§ 4®• ≠°©Æ °©≠≥ ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π °≤•  ¥Ø •∂°¨µ°¥• ¥®• ߕبØß©£°¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ¥®°¥ µÆ§•≤∞©Æ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≠ا•¨ °Æ§ . ¥Ø °∞∞¨π ¥®©≥ ¥Ø °Æ °≥≥•≥≥≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• ≥°Æ§ ¢Ø§π ¥π∞•≥ °Æ§ ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °Æ§ ±µ°¨©¥π ¥≤•Æ§≥ 4®• ©Æ©¥©°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض £ J// ≠ ض £Ø≤• ¶≤Ø≠ ≥•∂•Æ ∑•¨¨≥ ©§•Æ¥©¶π ¥®≤•• ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ &!0  &! £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ £Ø°≤≥• ¥Ø ∞•¢¢¨π £≤Ø≥≥)¢•§§•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• Ø≤ß°Æ©∫•§ ©Æ¥Ø J ¥Ø D ≠)¥®©£´ ¶©Æ©Æß µ∞∑°≤§≥ ≠µ¨¥©)≥¥Ø≤•π ≥°Æ§ ¢Ø§©•≥ 4®•≥• °≤• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ®©ß®)•Æ•≤ßπ ¢•§¨Ø°§)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ . &!. £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ J≠)¥®©£´ £Ø°≤≥•Æ©Æß µ∞∑°≤§≥ ®•¥•≤ب©¥®©£ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥® ∑°∂• °Æ§ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≤©∞∞¨• £≤Ø≥≥)¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≠©ÆØ≤ ¢©Ø¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ 4®•≥• °≤• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ §•¨¥°≥ ©Æ¶©¨¨©Æß ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ¢Ø§©•≥ ض ∑°¥•≤ ¨°´•≥ ¥Ø ¢≤°£´©≥® ∑°¥•≤ •≠¢°π≠•Æ¥≥ G &!G £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥® ∂°≤©°¢¨• ¢µ¥ ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ≠©ÆØ≤ ÆØÆ)¢©Ø¥µ≤¢°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °Æ °¢≥•Æ£• ض ≠°≤©Æ• ≠©£≤ض°µÆ° 4®• &!G ©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ¶¨Øا)∞¨°©Æ ¥Ø ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ¨°´•)£Ø°≥¥°¨ •≠¢°π≠•Æ¥ 0≤•¨©≠©Æ°≤π ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• + '≤ص∞ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ ¥®• ©Æ©¥©°¨ •Æ¥≤π ض ≠°≤©Æ• ∑°¥•≤≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• -°¨°π "°≥©Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• •∏∞°Æ§©Æß 3ص¥® #®©Æ° 3•° ¥Ø ¥®• ≥ص¥®)•°≥¥ ¢µ¥ ¥®•≥• ∑•≤• §°≠∞•Æ•§ ¢π ®©ß® ¨•∂•¨≥ ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ §©≥£®°≤ß• )Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ∞¨°©Æ ß≤°§©•Æ¥≥ ∑•≤• ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥¨π ®©ß® ¶Ø≤ ¢≤°©§•§ ≤©∂•≤ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ °Æ§ ¥Ø ¶••§ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ∑°¥•≤ §•¨¥°≥ ¥®°¥ ∑•≤• ©Æ¶©¨¨©Æß ¨°´•≥ °Æ§ ¢≤°£´©≥® ∑°¥•≤ £Ø°≥¥°¨ •≠¢°π≠•Æ¥≥ 4®• §•ß≤•• ¥Ø ∑®©£® ≠°≤©Æ• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ §•¨¥° ¶≤ØÆ¥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥•§ ©Æ ¶µ¥µ≤• ∑Ø≤´ ¢µ¥ ¥®•≤• ©≥ •∂©§•Æ£• ≠©ÆØ≤ ∑°∂• °Æ§ ≥¥Ø≤≠ ≤•∑Ø≤´©Æß ∞≤Ø¢°¢¨π ≤•¶¨•£¥©Æß ∞•≤©Ø§©£ ¥≤Ø∞©£°¨ ≥¥Ø≤≠≥

1µ°Æ¥©¶π©Æß &¨Ø££µ¨°¥©ØÆ 3•¥¥¨©Æß $πÆ°≠©£≥ ض .°¥µ≤°¨ &©Æ•/ß≤°©Æ•§ 3µ≥∞•Æ§•§ 3•§©≠•Æ¥≥- A&¨Ø££©Æ2 !£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• 53!LB

!Ƨ≤•∑ ** -°ÆÆ©Æß 5.?.:  3£®Ø•¨¨®°≠•≤ $°∂©§ ( J !≥®©≥® * -•®¥° = 3 '•Ø¶¶≤•π 3£®¨°§Ø∑ D 3¥•∞®•Æ -ØÆ©≥≠©¥® < )∂π (µ°Æß < *°≠•≥ 3 +µ∑°¢°≤° J *°≠•≥ , #°≤¥•≤ J !¨•∏ 3®•≤•≠•¥  $°Æ©•¨ 2 0°≤≥ØÆ≥ . 2©£®°≤§ *3 7®©¥•®Øµ≥•  $°∂©§ 4ا§  4®Ø≠°≥ "•Æ≥ØÆ  °Æ§ *•≤•≠π 2 3∞•°≤≠°Æ 

3 #Ø°≥¥≥ E %≥¥µ°≤©•≥ '≤ص∞ (2 7°¨¨©Æ߶Ø≤§ ,¥§ 7°¨¨©Æ߶Ø≤§ . 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض (µ¨¨ , 0¨π≠ص¥® 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π  5Æ©¥•§ 3¥°¥•≥ '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π 2 .µ¥•£® #ØÆ≥µ¨¥°Æ¥≥ )Æ£  '°©Æ•≥∂©¨¨• &, ,.*D* 53! * 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°¨©¶Ø≤Æ©°  3¥°Æ¶Ø≤§ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π @ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض &¨Ø≤©§°

°Æ§π≠°ÆÆ©Æß$π°®ØØ £Ø≠

-°Æπ £Ø°≥¥°¨ °Æ§ ©Æ¨°Æ§ ∑°¥•≤∑°π≥ °≤• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ≠µ§§π ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥+ ¥π∞©£°¨¨π ° ≠©∏¥µ≤• ض £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ °Æ§ ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ¥π∞•≥ ض Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≠°¥¥•≤ 7®•Æ £Ø®•≥©∂• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©≥ •Æ¥≤°©Æ•§ ©Æ¥Ø ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ¥®• ∞°≤¥©£¨•≥ ¥•Æ§ ¥Ø ¶¨Ø££µ¨°¥• &¨Ø£≥ °≤• ¨•≥≥ §•Æ≥• ¢µ¥ ¶°≥¥•≤ ≥•¥¥¨©Æß ¥®°Æ ¥®•©≤ £ØÆ≥¥©¥µ•Æ¥ ∞°≤¥©£¨•≥ ¥®µ≥ °¶¶•£¥©Æß ¥®•©≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ !≥ ¶¨Ø£≥ ß≤Ø∑ ¥®•©≤ •¶¶•£¥©∂• §•Æ≥©¥©•≥ ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π §•£≤•°≥• ¢µ¥ ¥®•©≤ ≥•¥¥¨©Æß ≤°¥•≥ ≤©≥• §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• 3¥Ø´•≥I ,°∑ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ &¨Ø££µ¨°¥©ØÆ •¶¶•£¥≥ ¢•£Ø≠• •∂•Æ ≠Ø≤• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ∑®•Æ ∞µ≤•¨π £Ø®•≥©∂• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• ≠©∏•§ ∑©¥® §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≤°¥©Ø≥ ض ÆØÆ)£Ø®•≥©∂• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ©¶ ¢©Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °£¥©∂©¥π •ß •∏µ§°¥• ∞≤اµ£¥©ØÆ °¶¶•£¥≥ ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥°Æ¥ £Ø®•≥©ØÆ $•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß ©Æ≥¥≤µ≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ¥®°¥ £°Æ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ´•π ∞®π≥©£°¨ °Æ§ §πÆ°≠©£°¨ §°¥° ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≤°¥•≥ ض ¶¨Ø££µ¨°¥©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©≥ •∏¥≤•≠•¨π ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ©Æ °§∂°Æ£©Æß Øµ≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ¶¨Ø££µ¨°¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ #Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π ±µ°¨©¥°¥©∂• °Æ§ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• §°¥° ©≠∞≤Ø∂• ص≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ °ßß≤•ß°¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞®π≥©£°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤©∫°¥©ØÆ 4®©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ∑©¨¨ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• ≤•£•Æ¥ °§∂°Æ£•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≥¥µ§π ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø££µ¨°¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• µ≥• ض ∂©§•Ø ©≠°ß• ¥•£®ÆبØßπ /Æ• ≥µ£® §•∂©£• ∞©ØÆ••≤•§ °¥ (2 7°¨¨©Æ߶Ø≤§ °Æ§ ©≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥•§ ∑©¥® £Ø)°µ¥®Ø≤≥ ©≥ ¥®• ®©ß®)≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ¶¨Ø£ ∂©§•Ø £°≠•≤° ,°¢3&,/# ) ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π 3∞•£¥≤°¨ &¨Ø££µ¨°¥©ØÆ #®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ¢π 0≤ض -°ÆÆ©Æß ,°¢3&,/# £°Æ Ø¢≥•≤∂• §©≤•£¥¨π Ø≤ ©Æ§©≤•£¥¨π ¶¨Ø£ ≥∞•£¥≤°¨ ∞®π≥©£°¨ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß0 ¶¨Ø£ ≥©∫• ≥•¥¥¨©Æß ∂•¨Ø£©¥π •¶¶•£¥©∂• §•Æ≥©¥π ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ≥®°∞• ≠°≥≥ °Æ§ ≥•¥¥¨©Æß ¶¨µ∏ µ≥©Æß £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ∂بµ≠• ≤•¶•≤•Æ£©Æß 4®•≥• §°¥° °≤• ®©ß®¨π §•≥©≤°¢¨• ¶Ø≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ≠ا•¨•≤≥ %∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض ¶¨Ø£ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ •≥¥µ°≤©•≥ ¥©§°¨ ¨°ßØØÆ≥ ≤©∂•≤ §•¨¥°≥ °Æ§ ¨°´•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ≥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• 53 ∑©¨¨ ¢• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ )Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ ∑• ∑©¨¨ §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• ®Ø∑ ∂©§•Ø ¶¨Ø£ §°¥° £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤©∫• ¶¨Ø£ ≥•¥¥¨©Æß £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ¶Ø≤ µ≥• ©Æ ≠ا•¨©Æß

-

/≤∞®•µ≥- ° Æ•∑ ≥©≠∞¨• Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≠ا•¨ ¶Ø≤ ≠©∏•§ ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ °Æ§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ. ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ* )≥°¢•¨¨° -°≥©•≤Ø  0•¥•≤ "µ≤ß•≥≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,©∂•≤∞Øب "≤Ø∑ƨØ∑ 3¥≤••¥ ,©∂•≤∞Øب ,*+ ,"8 5+

©≥°¢•¨¨° ≠°≥©•≤Ø$¨©∂• £Ø≠

4®• ≤°Æß• °Æ§ ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ض ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£©Æß £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≥¥≤°¥° ©Æ ≤©¶¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ©≥ §©¶¶©£µ¨¥ ¥Ø ¶µ¨¨π •∂°¨µ°¥• ¶≤Ø≠ ° ±µ°¨©¥°¥©∂• ص¥£≤Ø∞ Ø≤ ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §°¥° °∞∞≤Ø°£® °¨ØÆ• 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¶Ø≤∑°≤§ ≠ا•¨≥ °≤• °¢¨• ¥Ø •∂°¨µ°¥• ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£©Æß £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≥¥≤°¥° §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ∂©° ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ¶Ø£µ≥•§ ØÆ ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠≥ ض £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ 3©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ °Æ§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ∞¨°π≥ ° ´•π ≤ب• ©Æ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ≥πÆ)≤©¶¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥ &Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• ®°Æß©Æß)∑°¨¨ §•∞Ø£•Æ¥•≤≥ £°Æ ¢• ¶©¨¨•§ ∑©¥® ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ °Æ§ ∑©¥® £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• §•¥≤©¥µ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¶ØØ¥∑°¨¨ ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ $Ø≤Ø¢•´ ./ 4®©≥ ≤•≥•°≤£® ∑©¨¨ §•∂•¨Ø∞ ° ∞≤•)•∏©≥¥©Æß ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¶Ø≤∑°≤§ ≠ا•¨ #°≤¢Ø#!4 "µ≤ß•≥≥ ./G •∏∞°Æ§©Æß ©¥ ∑©¥® ≠Ø≤• ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®• ≠°©Æ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °¶¶•£¥©Æß £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©Æ ≥πÆ)≤©¶¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥ 4®• ¶©≤≥¥ Ø¢™•£¥©∂• ®°≥ ¢••Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض /≤∞®•µ≥ ° Æ•∑ #°≤¢Ø#!4 ≥µ¢)≤ص¥©Æ• •Æ°¢¨©Æß ° ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ ¢Ø¥® £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• °Æ§ ≥©¨©£©£¨°≥¥©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß /≤∞®•µ≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π)§≤©∂•Æ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠≥ ©Æ ° ∂•≤π ≥©≠∞¨• ¢µ¥ ¨Øß©£°¨¨π £ØÆ≥©≥¥•Æ¥ ∑°π °¨¨Ø∑©Æß ¥®• Ø∞•≤°¥Ø≤ ¥Ø §•¶©Æ• ≠©Æ©≠°¨ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ≤•±µ©≤•§ ¥Ø ∞≤اµ£• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ °Æ§ ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ ≥¥≤°¥° 4≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø££µ≤≥ ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß ° ≥¥••∞•≥¥)§•≥£•Æ¥ ≤ص¥• °Æ§ ¥®• ≠ا•¨ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ≥©≠∞¨©¶©•§ °∞∞≤Ø∏©≠°¥©ØÆ≥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨©∫•§ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ §•¢≤©≥ ¶¨Ø∑ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °Æ§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π ¶¨Ø∑ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ¶Ø≤ •°£® ¥π∞• $•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ≥¥°≤¥≥ ∑®•Æ ¶¨Ø∑ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ¶°¨¨≥ ¢•¨Ø∑ ° ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ¥®≤•≥®Ø¨§ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• ¶Ø≤≠ ¶°Æ)¨Ø¢• ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ ¥®°¥ ∂°≤π©Æß °££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ¥π∞•≥ 2•∞•°¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨Ø∑ •∂•Æ¥≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£ ≥¥°£´©Æß ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß £Ø≠∞•Æ≥°¥©ØÆ £π£¨•≥ )Æ©¥©°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ /≤∞®•µ≥ °∞∞•°≤ ∞≤Ø≠©≥©Æß ≥Ø ∑• ≥••´ ¶••§¢°£´ ØÆ ¥®• ∂°¨©§©¥π °Æ§ °∞∞¨©£°¢©¨©¥π ض ¥®• ≠ا•¨

5≥©Æß ¢•Æ¥®©£ ¶Ø≤°≠©Æ©¶•≤° ¥Ø ≥ب∂• ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠≥ ©Æ §••∞/∑°¥•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ #©°Æ -£'µ©≤•  -©´• 2Øß•≤≥ØÆ °Æ§ $°Æ 0°≤≥ØÆ≥ 3£®Øب ض %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض (µ¨¨ #Ø¥¥©Æß®°≠ 2§ (µ¨¨ (5* 28

£ ≠£ßµ©≤•$.D32 ®µ¨¨ °£ µ´

4®• ≤•£Ø≤§ ض °Æ£©•Æ¥ £Øƥص≤©¥•≥ ©≥ ∂•≤𠨩≠©¥•§ ∞≤©≠°≤©¨π ¢•£°µ≥• ÆØ ≥©≠∞¨• µÆ°≠¢©ßµØµ≥ ¢°≥©≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®•©≤ ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ 4®©≥ ©≥ ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠°¥©£ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≥¥µ§π ض ¥®• ߕبØß©£°¨ ≤•£Ø≤§ ض £Øƥص≤©¥•≥ ¢µ¥ °¨≥Ø ¶Ø≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض °Æ£©•Æ¥ Ø£•°Æ©£ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ض °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥°Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥¨Ø∞• ¥®• Ø≤©ß©Æ ض ∑®©£® ≤•≠°©Æ≥ °≠¢©ßµØµ≥ .•∑ ¥Øب≥ ¶Ø≤ §©≥¥©Æßµ©≥®©Æß £Øƥص≤©¥• °Æ§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ≤•≠°©Æ ´•π ¥Ø µÆ¨Ø£´©Æß ¥®• µÆ©±µ• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ض £Øƥص≤©¥• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ /Æ• ≠°™Ø≤ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ §©¶¶•≤•Æ£• ¢•¥∑••Æ £®°ÆÆ•¨©∫•§ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ Ø≤©ß©Æ°¥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥©£ °Æ§ £Øƥص≤©¥©£ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©≥ ¥®• ∂°≤©°Æ£• ض ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π 7®•≤•°≥ ©Æ £Øƥص≤©¥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π °¥ ≥©Æߨ• ≥©¥•≥ ∂°≤©•≥ Ø∂•≤ ≠©¨¨•ÆÆ©°¨ ¥©≠•≥£°¨•≥ ©Æ ° ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥π≥¥•≠ ¥®• ∞°≥≥°ß• ض ° ≥©Æߨ• ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑ •∂•Æ¥ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©Æ •Æ•≤ßπ £®°Æß•≥ Ø∂•≤ ¥®• ¥©≠•≥£°¨• ض ®Øµ≤≥ ¥Ø §°π≥ #ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π ¥®• ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ •£Ø¨Øßπ ©Æ £Øƥص≤©¥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• ©Æ •±µ©¨©¢≤©µ≠ ∑©¥® ¥®• ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ •Æ•≤ßπ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ∑®•≤•°≥ ©Æ ° ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• §©≥•±µ©¨©¢≤©µ≠ •£Ø¨Øß©•≥ ∑©¨¨ °≤©≥• ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ ¥Ø ≥°Æ§ •≠∞¨°£•≠•Æ¥ •∂•Æ¥≥ 4®©≥ ≤°©≥•≥ ¥®• ∞Ø≥≥©¢©¨©¥π ض §©≥£≤©≠©Æ°¥©Æß ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ µ≥©Æß ¢•Æ¥®©£ ≠©£≤ضØ≥≥©¨≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¶Ø≤°≠©Æ©¶•≤° 4®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ ©≥ ¶Ø£µ≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ض ¢•Æ¥®©£ ¶Ø≤°≠©Æ©¶•≤° °≥≥•≠¢¨°ß•≥ ¥Ø §©≥£≤©≠©Æ°¥• ≥°Æ§ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠≥ )¥ °∞∞•°≤≥ ¥®°¥ •£Ø¨Øß©£°¨ §©≥£≤©≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• §©≥¥µ≤¢°Æ£•)≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ©Æ ° ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥π≥¥•≠ °≤• •°≥©¨π §©≥¥©Æßµ©≥®•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ¶©¨¥•≤)¶••§©Æß ≥∞•£©°¨©≥≠ ض ° £Øƥص≤©¥• ≥π≥¥•≠ 4Ø ¥•≥¥ ¥®©≥ £ØÆ£•∞¥ ¢•Æ¥®©£ ¶Ø≤°≠©Æ©¶•≤° °≥≥•≠¢¨°ß•≥ ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £Ø≤•≥ £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 5≤µßµ°π 3¨Ø∞• °Æ§ 'µ¨¶ ض #°§©∫ ∑©¨¨ ¢• µ¥©¨©≥•§ 4®•≥• °≤•°≥ ض Ø£•°Æ ¶¨ØØ≤ •Æ£Ø≠∞°≥≥ ¢Ø¥® ¨°≤ß• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §≤©¶¥≥ °Æ§ ¨°≤ß• §Ø∑Æ≥¨Ø∞• £°ÆπØÆ≥ ∑®•≤• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• °Æ§ £Øƥص≤©¥• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø££µ≤≥ ≥©≠µ¨¥°Æ•Øµ≥¨π 4®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ ∑©¨¨ £Ø©Æ£©§• ∑©¥® £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ≥ ¥Ø ´•π ¶Ø≥≥©¨ £Øƥص≤©¥• ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• /¨©ßØ£•Æ• ض #π∞≤µ≥

-/

.•ß¨©ß©¢¨• ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥ß≤صƧ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ØÆ ∞≤•/∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ ≤©∂•≤ ¶µÆ£¥©ØÆ©Æß- •∂©§•Æ£• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• %§©°£°≤°Æ/,Ø∑•≤ #°≠¢≤©°Æ 3•≤©•≥ 2صߕ. &≤°Æ£•

7©¨¨©°≠ ** -£-°®ØÆ 5. .•©¨ 3 $°∂©•≥l $°∂©§ * 7•Æ¥m

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• $Ø∑Æ©Æß 3¥≤••¥ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%1 V /≥¥≤°¨•ßµ≥ 6•Æ¥µ≤•≥ 3©¨∂•≤ "©≤£®•≥ &Ø∏ (©¨¨ 6©¨¨°ß• (°π∑°≤§≥ (•°¥® 2(3* 1:

∑™≠,+$£°≠ °£ µ´

4®• ∞≤•)3©¨µ≤©°Æ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ ©≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ض ¨°¥•≤°¨¨π)•∏¥•Æ≥©∂• ≥®••¥)¨©´• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ≥¥≤°¥° ∑©¥® ≠©Æ©≠°¨ ≠µ§≤Ø£´+ ° §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥π¨• ¶≤•±µ•Æ¥¨π •∏∞¨°©Æ•§ °≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ¥Ø ∞≤•)∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ %°≤¥® (Ø∑•∂•≤ ∑®©¨• ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض 0°¨°•Ø∫Ø©£ •≠¢≤πØ∞®π¥•≥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ®©ß®•≤ ∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ¥®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض ¥®• ÆØÆ)≠°≤©Æ• ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥ß≤صƧ≥ ¥®°¥ ∞≤•£•§•§ ¥®•≠ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ¨•≥≥ ∑•¨¨ ≥¥µ§©•§ 4®• ;%§©°£°≤°Æ)#°≠¢≤©°Æ 3•≤©•≥ 2صߕ ض ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ &≤°Æ£• °Æ§ ¥®• #®°ÆÆ•¨ )≥¨°Æ§≥ ©≥ ° ≤°≤• •∏°≠∞¨• ض ° ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ∑®©£® •∏®©¢©¥≥ ¢Ø¥® ∞≤•)∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≠Ø¥©¶≥ °Æ§ •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• •∏©≥¥•Æ£• ض ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ 4®• ¨°¥¥•≤ ©Æ£¨µ§• ¨©´•¨π ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥µ≤¶°£• ¥•∏¥µ≤•≥ ¥®• •Æ©ß≠°¥©£ ≠°¥ß≤صƧ ∞≥•µ§Ø¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ !≤©≥¥Ø∞®π£µ≥ °Æ§ !≤µ≠¢•≤©°  °Æ§ ∞≤Ø¢°¢¨• ≠°¥ ¶≤°ß≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ≠°¥)≤•¨°¥•§ ≠©£≤Ø¥•∏¥µ≤•≥ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ °≤ß©¨¨°£•Øµ≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ 4®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ض ¥®• 3•≤©•≥ 2صߕ °≤• §•≥£≤©¢•§ °Æ§ °Æ°¨π≥•§ ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ ¥®• ≤ب• ض ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•≥ ØÆ ∞≤•)∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ .•°≤ µ¢©±µ©¥Øµ≥¨π ¥≤ص߮)£≤Ø≥≥ ¢•§§•§ ≥®••¥)¢≤°©§•§ ¶°£©•≥ ∑©¥® ≤°≤•¨π ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨)¶Ø≤≠≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ¥®°¥ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ©Æ)£®°ÆÆ•¨ §µÆ• ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨)≥¥≤©´• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ≤•∂•°¨ ¥®• ∞•≤©Ø§©£ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ¢°≤)¶Ø≤≠≥ ,°¥•≤°¨ °££≤•¥©ØÆ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ≠©ÆØ≤ §©≥£ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ ¨•Æ≥•≥ ض ≠Ø≤• °≤ß©¨¨°£•Øµ≥ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ °≤• ¨Ø£°¨¨π ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ 4®µ≥ §•≥∞©¥• ¥®• •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ≠°¥ß≤صƧ≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ∑°≥ •≥≥•Æ¥©°¨¨π O°¢©Ø¥©£I 5≥©Æß ¥®©≥ •∂©§•Æ£• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 3•≤©•≥ 2صߕ ∑• °≤ßµ• ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≥µ≤¶©£©°¨ £Ø®•≥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ¢π ≠°¥ß≤صƧ≥ §©§ ÆØ¥ •∏£••§ ¥®≤•≥®Ø¨§≥ ¶Ø≤ ≤•∑Ø≤´©Æß ¢π ®π§≤اπÆ°≠©£ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®µ≥ ®°∂©Æß ¨©¥¥¨• Ø≤ ÆØ •¶¶•£¥ ØÆ ¥®•©≤ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•

4®• £¨©≠°¥©£ ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ,Ø∑•≤ -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æ •∂°∞Ø≤©¥•≥ ©Æ •±µ°¥Ø≤©°¨ ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ "≤©¥°©Æ

$°∂©§ -©¨¨∑°≤§ 5 3°≤°® * $°∂©•≥ . &©ØÆ° 7©¨¨©°≠≥ØÆ G 2°£®•¨ #µ≤¥©≥ . )°Æ 7•≥¥ G 4©≠ ) +•°≤≥•π #°≤π≥ % "•ÆÆ•¥¥ . *Ø®Æ % ! -°≤≥®°¨¨ G °Æ§ -©£®°•¨ ! % "≤Ø∑Æ• 

3 "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π 4®• ,𕨨 #•Æ¥≤• %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(3 !0 . $•∞¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,•©£•≥¥•≤ ,•©£•≥¥•≤ ,%3 2( , /£•°Æ °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3/3 ,:(

§≠©¨¨$¢ß≥ °£ µ´

%∂°∞Ø≤©¥•)≤Ø£´≥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ ©Æ ¢Ø¥® ≠°≤©Æ• °Æ§ £Ø°≥¥°¨ ∞¨°©Æ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≠Ø≥°©£ ض -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ≥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ "≤©¥°©Æ °Æ§ )≤•¨°Æ§ /Æ• 4ص≤Æ°©≥©°Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ W ¥®• "°¨¨°ß°Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 3£Ø¥¥©≥® "Ø≤§•≤≥ °Æ§ °§™°£•Æ¥ °≤•°≥ W ®Ø≥¥≥ ≤•£•Æ¥¨π §©≥£Ø∂•≤•§ ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ ض ¥®• •°≤¨©•≥¥ ´ÆØ∑Æ ¥•¥≤°∞ا≥ ∑©¥® ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ £°∞°¢©¨©¥π )Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞°¨°•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ®°¢©¥°¥≥ ©≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ®Ø∑ °Æ§ ∑®π ¥®©≥ £≤µ£©°¨ •∂•Æ¥ ©Æ ¥®• ®©≥¥Ø≤π ض ¨©¶• ØÆ %°≤¥® Ø££µ≤≤•§ 4®• "°¨¨°ß°Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ µ∞ ¥Ø =./ ≠ ض ß≤•π ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ¥®©Æ ¢•§≥ ض §Ø¨Ø≥¥ØÆ• ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ ∑©¥® ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• µÆ©¥≥ °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ ∞°¨°•Ø≥ب≥ °Æ§ ¥®©Æ ¢•§≥ ض ≥°Æ§π ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ• 4®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¥Ø ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° £Ø°≥¥°¨)∞¨°©Æ ≥•¥¥©Æß ∑©¥® ¨°´•≥ °Æ§ ≤©∂•≤≥ °Æ§ ≥µ¢™•£¥•§ ¥Ø •∞©≥ا©£ ¶¨Øا©Æß °≥ ° ≤•≥µ¨¥ ض ®•°∂π ≤°©Æ¶°¨¨ °Æ§ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠°≤©Æ• ∑°¥•≤ ©Æ¶¨µ∏ §µ≤©Æß ≥¥Ø≤≠≥ /££µ≤≤•Æ£•≥ ض ßπ∞≥µ≠ °Æ§ °Æ®π§≤©¥• °≤• ¨Ø£°¨©≥•§ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ ©Æ ¢•§≥ ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ¨•≥≥ ¥®°Æ  ≠ ¥®©£´ °≥ Æاµ¨•≥ •Æ¥•≤ب©¥®©£ ∂•©Æ≥ °Æ§ £®©£´•Æ)∑©≤• °Æ§ ¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ ¶Ø≤≠≥ 4®• •∂°∞Ø≤©¥•)¢•°≤©Æß ¢•§≥ °≤• £¨µ≥¥•≤•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ض §Ø¨Ø≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ ß≤•π ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ• ¥®°¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¢Ø§©•≥ ض ≥¥°Æ§©Æß ∑°¥•≤ ¥®°¥ ∞≤Ø¢°¢¨π ¢•£°≠• ®π∞•≤≥°¨©Æ• 4®• ∞≤•≥•Æ£• ض •∂°∞Ø≤©¥•≥ ©Æ ¥®• "°¨¨°ß°Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ¥°´•Æ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ¥Ø ©Æ§©£°¥• °Æ °≤©§ Ø≤ ≥•≠©)°≤©§ £¨©≠°¥• (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ≤Ø£´≥ °≤• §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π ß≤•π °Æ§ ¥®•≤• °≤• ÆØ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ °•Ø¨©°Æ °≤©§)¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞®•ÆØ≠•Æ° Ø≤ ∑•¨¨ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ £°¨£≤•¥• ∞°¨°•Ø≥ب≥ ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ¥®©≥ ¥®Øµß® ¥®•≤• °≤• ≠°Æ𠧕≥©££°¥•§ °Æ§ ¢≤•££©°¥•§ ≥µ≤¶°£•≥ &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ≥µ£® °Æ °≥≥µ≠∞¥©ØÆ ©≥ £ØÆ¥≤°≤π ¥Ø ¥®• •∂©§•Æ£• °§§µ£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ Ø¥®•≤ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¶¨Øا)ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ ≥°Æ§π ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ• ¢•§≥ ∞°¨°•Ø≥ب ß•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤π °Æ§ ¥≤•• ≤©Æß≥ ¥®°¥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ° ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨ ¥≤Ø∞©£°¨ ≤•ß©≠• )Æ ¥®©≥ ∞Ø≥¥•≤ ¥®• •∂°∞Ø≤©¥•≥ °≤• £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ©Æ ¥®• £ØÆ¥•∏¥ ض ¥®•©≤ ®Ø≥¥ ≤Ø£´≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ £¨©≠°¥©£ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ£• ©≥ £≤©¥©£°¨¨π °≥≥•≥≥•§

-

4®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °Æ§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨¨π/©Æ§µ£•§ ≥•°¶¨ØØ≤ ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ∑©¥®©Æ ° ¥•£¥ØÆ©£°¨¨π £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ©Æ¥≤°/≥¨Ø∞• ¢°≥©Æ ØÆ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ ¨Ø¢• ض ¥®• .©ß•≤ $•¨¥° 7©¨¨©°≠ -©¥£®•¨¨  -©´• -°π°¨¨ °Æ§ ,©§©° ,ØÆ•≤ß°Æ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• °Æ§ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ 0≤©Æ£• #ØÆ≥Ø≤¥ 2Ø°§ +•Æ≥©ÆߥØÆ ,ØƧØÆ 37 ."0

®°≠©≥®≠©¥£®•¨¨$ص¥¨ØØ´ £Ø≠

4®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•°¶¨ØØ≤ ¢°¥®π≠•¥≤π ¥®≤ص߮ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ °£¥©∂©¥π ®°≥ ¨ØÆß ¢••Æ ≤•£ØßÆ©≥•§ °≥ ° ≠°™Ø≤ £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £Øƶ©ßµ≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ©≥ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ∑©¥® ° Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ °¶¶•£¥©Æß ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥π≥¥•≠I≥ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• 4®• §••∞)∑°¥•≤ .©ß•≤ $•¨¥° ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ °Æ •∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø °Æ°¨π≥• ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °Æ§ ß≤°∂©¥π)§≤©∂•Æ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ ∑©¥® ° ∑©§• ≤°Æß• ض ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ≥¥π¨•≥ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §•¨©∂•≤π ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£°¨¨π £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ©Æ¥≤°)≥¨Ø∞• ¢°≥©Æ≥ #ØÆ¥≤°£¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ¢•ß°Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß ©Æ ©Æ ¥®• ≠©§§¨• -©Ø£•Æ• ¶Ø≤≠©Æß °¢Ø∂• §•¥°£®≠•Æ¥ ®Ø≤©∫ØÆ≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥®°¨•≥ ض ¥®• !´°¥° &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ! G$ ¥©≠•)≠©ß≤°¥•§ ≥•©≥≠©£ ∂بµ≠• •∏¥•Æ§©Æß ° §©≥¥°Æ£• ض T// ´≠ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥®•¨¶ •§ß• §Ø∑Æ)≥¨Ø∞• ∑°≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≠°∞ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ¢ØµÆ§°≤©•≥ °Æ§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ °Æ •¨ØÆß°¥• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨¨π £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ ©Æ¥≤°)≥¨Ø∞• ¢°≥©Æ &©∂• ≥•©≥≠©£ µÆ©¥≥ ∑•≤• ≠°∞∞•§ °Æ§ µ≥•§ ¥Ø •∂°¨µ°¥• ¥®• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ °Æ§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ &ص≤ ≠°™Ø≤ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ∑•≤• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§n° ¶°µ¨¥)∞≤Ø∞°ß°¥©ØÆ ¶Ø¨§ °Æ ©Æ¥≤°)¢°≥©Æ°¨ §•¥°£®≠•Æ¥ ¶Ø¨§ ° ¥≤°Æ≥¥•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥≤©´•)≥¨©∞ ¶°µ¨¥ °Æ§ °Æ µ∞)§©∞ ¥®≤µ≥¥ ∫ØÆ• 7©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥πÆ)´©Æ•≠°¥©£ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ §•∞Ø£•Æ¥≤•≥ ∑•≤• ≤•£ØßÆ©≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ¢°£´¨©≠¢ ض ¥®• ¶°µ¨¥)∞≤Ø∞°ß°¥©ØÆ)¶Ø¨§ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ©Æß ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥ص¥® °Æ§ ¥®• ©Æ¥≤°¢°≥©Æ°¨ §•¥°£®≠•Æ¥ ¶Ø¨§+ ©≥Ø£®≤ØÆ ≠°∞≥ §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥ ≥®©¶¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §•∞Ø£•Æ¥≤•≥ °≥ ¥®• °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ≥∞°£• £≤•°¥•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ °£¥©∂©¥π ∑°≥ ¶©¨¨•§ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥¨Ø∞• ®•°¨•§ #®°ÆÆ•¨ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑•≤• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ©Æ °¨¨ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ,Ø£°¨©≥•§ ض¶)≥¥°£´©Æß °∂µ¨≥©ØÆ §©∂•≤≥©ØÆ °Æ§ °¢°Æ§ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨) ¨•∂•• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑°≥ Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®©£ ®©ß®≥ ∑®©¨≥¥ °¥ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ≥£°¨• ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ¶©•¨§ °∞∞•°≤•§ ¶°©≤¨π £ØÆ≥©≥¥•Æ¥ ∑©¥® ° ÆØ≤¥®•°≥¥)≥ص¥®∑•≥¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ §©≤•£¥©ØÆ ∞≤•∂°©¨©Æß 4≤°Æ≥¥•Æ≥©ØÆ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• ≥¥≤©´•)≥¨©∞ ¶°µ¨¥ °¨≥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ° ¨ØÆß)¨©∂•§ ≤ص¥©Æß ≥π≥¥•≠ ¶Ø≤ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ !Æ µÆ•∏∞•£¥•§ ص¥£Ø≠• ض ¥®• ≤•≥•°≤£® ∑°≥ ¥®• §©≥£Ø∂•≤π ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≠°™Ø≤ .)3 ¥≤•Æ§©Æß ¥≤°Æ≥¥•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ¶°µ¨¥ ∑°≥ °£¥©∂• ∞≤©Ø≤ ¥Ø ¥®• §•¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ¥®• ¥Ø•)¥®≤µ≥¥ ¶Ø¨§≥ 4®• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ≠°π ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °Æ µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß £≤µ≥¥°¨ ¥≤°Æ≥¶Ø≤≠ ©Æ®•≤©¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ Ø∞•Æ©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• 3ص¥® !¥¨°Æ¥©£ /£•°Æ

4®• 3£Ø¥¥©≥® #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ 2•≥•°≤£® 0°≤´- %§µ£°¥©Æß ß•Ø≥£©•Æ¥©≥¥≥ ©Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ¥Ø ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ °Æ°¨Øßµ•≥*

!Ƨ≤•∑ ** -©¥¥•Æ 5 3¥µ°≤¥ - #¨°≤´•  '≤°®°≠ ,•≥¨©• . 4Ø≠ #°©Æ 

3 "°≥©Æ $πÆ°≠©£≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ '•Øß≤°∞®π '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ¥®• %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ +••¨• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π +••¨• 342 2"' 5+ . "≤©¥©≥® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π ,𕨨 #•Æ¥≤• 2•≥•°≤£® !∂•Æµ• 3ص¥® %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(3 !0 5+

° ™ ≠©¥¥•Æ$´••¨• °£ µ´

4®• ¥•°£®©Æß °Æ§ ∞≤°£¥©£• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ µ≥•≥ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≠ا•≤Æ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ £Øµ∞¨•§ ∑©¥® °Æ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ ¶°£©•≥ ≠ا•¨≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• 4®• O¨•°∞I ¶≤Ø≠ ¶°£©•≥ ض ¥®• ≠ا•≤Æ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ¥Ø ¥®Ø≥• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• £Ø≠≠Øƨπ ≤•¨©•≥ ØÆ ¥®•Ø≤•¥©£°¨ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ≥©Æ£• ¶•∑ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ≥ •∏©≥¥ ∑®•≤• ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• £°Æ ¢• •∏°≠©Æ•§ ©Æ G$ 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ ©≥ •∏°ßß•≤°¥•§ ©Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ∑®•≤• ≤°∞©§ ≥∞°¥©°¨ °Æ§ ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ¶°£©•≥ ≠°´• µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §©¶¶©£µ¨¥ 4®• 3£Ø¥¥©≥® #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ 2•≥•°≤£® 0°≤´ 3#!20 3∞©≤•≥¨°£´ !π≤≥®©≤• 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ °Æ Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥π ¥Ø ≥¥µ§π ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨) ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ 4®• ≥©¥• ©≥ ° §•¥°©¨•§ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• G$ •∏∞Ø≥µ≤• ∞≤Ø∂©§©Æß •∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥©•≥ ¶Ø≤ •§µ£°¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ∞≤ض•≥≥©ØÆ°¨ ¥≤°©Æ©Æß ©Æ0 ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ≤•≠Ø¥•¨π ≥•Æ≥•§ §°¥° °¥ ° ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≥£°¨• !¨ØÆß ∑©¥® Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥©•≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ Æ•∑ ≤•≠Ø¥• ≥•Æ≥©Æß ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ ¶Ø≤ ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §°¥° £Ø¨¨•£¥©ØÆ 2•≥•°≤£® ØÆ ¥®• ≥©¥• µ≥©Æß ¨Øßß©Æß °Æ§ .$ ∞°Æ•¨¨©Æß ®°≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ° £Ø®•≤•Æ¥ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ 1µ°≤≤π ¶°£•≥ ≥®Ø∑ ≠•°Æ§•≤©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥•¥≥ ¥®°¥ •∂ب∂• ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨¨π ©Æ¥Ø ° ¥©§°¨¨π ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ≥®Ø≤•¨©Æ• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•¥¥©Æß ¢•¶Ø≤• ≤•¥µ≤Æ©Æß ¥Ø ° ¶¨µ∂©°¨¨π §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ØÆ• 4®µ≥ ¥®• ≥©¥• ©≥ °Æ •∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥π ¥Ø •∏°≠©Æ• °Æ§ ¥•°£® ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ©¥≥ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ ©Æ ° ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£°¨ £ØÆ¥•∏¥ #µ≤≤•Æ¥ ∑Ø≤´ ØÆ ¥®• ≥©¥• ©Æ£¨µ§•≥ §•¥°©¨•§ ≥∞•£¥≤°¨ ß°≠≠° ≤°π °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ∑©¥® ¶µ¨¨ ∑°∂•¶Ø≤≠ ,©$!2 °Æ§ '02 4®•≥• §°¥°≥•¥≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§• ° £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≤•°¨ §°¥° °Æ§ ¥®• ≤•≠Ø¥•¨π ≥•Æ≥•§ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ •≠∞¨Ø𕧠¥Ø •∏°≠©Æ• ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• &µ¥µ≤• ∞¨°Æ≥ ©Æ£¨µ§•0 ¢•®©Æ§)¶°£• ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨•≥ ¥Ø £Ø≠∞°≤• ¥®• µ≥• ض ≥∞°¥©°¨¨π ¨©≠©¥•§ ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §°¥° ¶Ø≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ °¥ ¥®• ±µ°≤≤π ¶°£•≥ 7• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ £Ø≠∞¨•¥•§ ≤•≥•°≤£® ØÆ ¥®• ≥©¥• ¥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§• ° ¢°≥•¨©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥° °¨ØÆß ∑©¥® ¥•°£®©Æß °Æ§ ¥≤°©Æ©Æß °∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ 4®• ≥©¥• ®°≥ °¨≤•°§π ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ °Æ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¥©∂• ¥≤°©Æ©Æß ß≤صƧ ¶Ø≤ µÆ©∂•≤≥©¥π ß≤ص∞≥ £Øƶ•≤•Æ£• §•¨•ß°¥•≥ °Æ§ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ∞≤ض•≥≥©ØÆ°¨≥

-.

#°¨£©£¨°≥¥©£ ≠°≥≥ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• $°≤≤©∑©¨©°ÆR3°Æ§¢©°Æ ¢ØµÆ§°≤π °¥ !¢•≤•©§§π "°π. 0•≠¢≤Ø´•≥®©≤•. 7°¨•≥. 5+- )≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ !∂°¨ØÆ©°Æ ≥•°/¨•∂•¨ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ*

!Ƨ≤•∑ ** -©¥¥•Æ 5 -©£®°•¨ -ØÆ¥•Æ°≤©  °Æ§ *°≠©• + 0≤©Æߨ• .

3 "°≥©Æ $πÆ°≠©£≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ '•Øß≤°∞®π '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ¥®• %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ +••¨• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π +••¨• 342 2"' 5+ . %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ '•Øß≤°∞®π '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ¥®• %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ +••¨• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π +••¨• 342 2"' 5+

° ™ ≠©¥¥•Æ$´••¨• °£ µ´

4®• $°≤≤©∑©¨©°Æ °Æ§ 3°Æ§¢©°Æ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ °¥ !¢•≤•©§§π "°π ®°≥ ¢••Æ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ≥¥µ§©•§ ¢•£°µ≥• ض ©¥≥ ∞°¨°•ØƥبØß©£°¨ °Æ§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£°¨ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ£• 4®• ¢°π ©≥ ÆØ∑ ≤•ß°≤§•§ °≥ ° ¥π∞• ¨Ø£°¨©¥π ¶Ø≤ ¥®• !¢•≤•©§§©°Æ ض ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤ $°≤≤©∑©¨©°Æ /≤§Ø∂©£©°Æ 4®• #°•≤®π≥ 3®°¨• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ° ∑•¨¨ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≠ا•¨ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• #°≥¥•¨¨ ,©≠•≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ≥µ£® ° ≠ا•¨ ©≥ °¢≥•Æ¥ ,©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ ≥£®•≠•≥ °Æ§ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ∞≤اµ£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¨Øßß©Æß ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ ¨©¥®Ø≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£°¨ ≥µ¢§©∂©≥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ •°£® ض ∑®©£® ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ° §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ 4®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ °≤• ¥®•Æ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ •∏°≠©Æ•§ ∑©¥® ®°Æ§)®•¨§ ≥∞•£¥≤°¨ ß°≠≠° ≤°π §°¥°+ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®©≥ ° ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®• ∑°¥•≤ £Ø¨µ≠Æ °Æ§ §•∞¥® ض ¥®• £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• £Ø≠∞•Æ≥°¥©ØÆ §•∞¥® 4®• #°≥¥•¨¨ ,©≠•≥¥ØÆ• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ °≥ ° §πÆ°≠©£ ≠°≥≥ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥π≥¥•≠ ∑©¥® ©¥≥ ≥¥≤°¥° §©≥∞¨°π©Æß §•¢≤©¥•≥ ¨©Æ´•§ §•¢≤©¥•≥ °Æ§ ≠µ§)≤©£® ÆØÆ)£Ø®•≥©∂• ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ )¥ ©≥ ≥µßß•≥¥•§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ≥π≥¥•≠ ≠°π ®°∂• ¢••Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• £Ø¨¨°∞≥• ض ° ®©Æ¥•≤¨°Æ§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ 4®• ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®©≥ ≠°≥≥ ∑°≥¥©Æß ©Æ§©£°¥• ° ®©ß®≥¥°Æ§ ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ ∑®©£® ©≥ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥°¢¨• ¥Ø ¥®• !∂°¨ØÆ©°Æ ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ ®©ß®≥¥°Æ§ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ Ø£•°Æ ∑°¥•≤ ∞°¨°•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤𠧵≤©Æß ¥®• /≤§Ø∂©£©°Æ

!∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ¥Ø ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ∑Ø≤´¶¨Ø∑≥ *Ø≥• -ØÆ¥•≤Ø  .©ß•¨ -صƥƕπ ,µ£° #بØ≠¢•≤° .° 9°Æ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥

••™≠≠$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

(π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≤•£Ø∂•≤π ©≥ ©Æ¥©≠°¥•¨π ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ∞•¥≤Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ °Æ§ ¥®• £ØÆÆ•£¥©∂©¥π ض ®©ß®¨π ∞•≤≠•°¢¨• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ¢Ø§©•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ©Æ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ &°£©•≥ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ≥••´≥ ¥Ø ≤•∞≤اµ£• ¥®• ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• ¢Ø§©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• G$ ≥∞°£• ¥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§• ° ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥π °Æ§ ¶¨Ø∑ ≠ا•¨≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¶°£©•≥ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ©≥ £Ø≠≠ØÆ¨π ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥∑Ø)∞Ø©Æ¥)∂°≤©Øß≤°≠≥ °Æ§ Ø¢™•£¥)¢°≥•§ ≥©≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ ¶°©¨ °§•±µ°¥•¨π ≤•∞≤اµ£• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ߕبØß©£°¨ ≥®°∞•≥ •ß ®©ß®¨π ≥©ÆµØµ≥ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¢Ø§©•≥ Ø≤ ¥Ø ®ØÆص≤ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ©Æß §°¥° •ß ∑•¨¨ §°¥° ≤•≥∞•£¥©∂•¨π &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ¥®• ≤•¨©°Æ£• ØÆ ∂°≤©Øß≤°≠≥ ¥Ø §•≥£≤©¢• ¥®• ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥©•≥ °∑°π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ∑•¨¨ £ØÆ¥≤ب £Ø≠≠Øƨπ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©Æ •∏£¨µ≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨ ߕبØß©£°¨ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ Ø≤ ©Æ£¨µ≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ∑©¥®Øµ¥ ߕبØß©£°¨ ≠•°Æ©Æß 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ©≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß Æ•∑ ∑Ø≤´¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥®°¥ •Æ°¢¨• ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠ا•¨ ص¥∞µ¥≥ ∑©¥® ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ ߕبØß©£ ≤•°¨©≥≠ ¥®°Æ ص¥∞µ¥≥ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ Ø¢¥°©Æ•§ ¥®≤ص߮ £ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ ≠•¥®Ø§≥ 2•≥µ¨¥≥ °≤• ¢•©Æß °∞∞¨©•§ ¥Ø ≠ا•¨ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ¥®°¥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≠•°Æ§•≤)¢•¨¥ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 3©≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ≠µ¨¥©)∞Ø©Æ¥ ≥¥°¥©≥¥©£≥ -03 °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ߕبØß©£°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ °Æ§ ¥Ø ®ØÆص≤ ¢Ø¥® ≥ض¥ °Æ§ ®°≤§ §°¥° ! ¨©¢≤°≤π ض ¥≤°©Æ©Æß ©≠°ß•≥ )¶≤Ø≠ ∑®©£® -03 ≠ا•¨¨©Æß °¨ßØ≤©¥®≠≥ ≤•∞¨©£°¥• ߕبØß©£ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥) ©≥ ¢•©Æß §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ 4®•≥• ¥≤°©Æ©Æß ©≠°ß•≥ ©Æ£Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥• ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ض ¥®• ¶°£©•≥ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤≥ °Æ§ ≠•°Æ§•≤ ¢•¨¥≥ •∏∞≤•≥≥•§ °≥ ¶°£©•≥ ≠ا•¨≥ ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ≠©∏•§ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥) ß•Ø≠•¥≤©£) °Æ§ ≥¥Ø£®°≥¥©£) ¢°≥•§ Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≥©≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ©Æ¶Ø≤≠•§ ¢π ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ §≤°∑Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ° §°¥°¢°≥• ض ߕبØß©£°¨ °Æ°¨Øßµ•≥ 4®• °∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥≤°©Æ©Æß ©≠°ß•≥ ¥Ø §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ -03 °¨ßØ≤©¥®≠≥ 3.%3)- &),4%23)- )-0!,! ©≥ ¢•©Æß Ø∞¥©≠©∫•§ #Ø≠≠ØÆ ©≥≥µ•≥ •Æ£ØµÆ¥•≤•§ ©Æ -03 ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ∑Ø≤´¶¨Ø∑≥ °≤• ¢•©Æß °§§≤•≥≥•§ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥≤°©Æ©Æß)©≠°ß• ∞≤•∞°≤°¥©ØÆ ≥•¨•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ©§•°¨ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ •ß ≥•°≤£®)≠°≥´ ≥©∫• ≠µ¨¥©ß≤©§≥ •∏£•≥≥©∂• ≤µÆ¥©≠• ∞•≤¶Ø≤≠°Æ£• °Æ§ ®°Æ§¨©Æß Ø¶ ÆØÆ)≥¥°¥©ØÆ°≤©¥π ! ≥•¥ ض ¥≤°©Æ©Æß ©≠°ß•≥ °Æ§ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ©≥ ¢•©Æß §•∂©≥•§ ¶Ø≤ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¥π∞•≥ ض £®°ÆÆ•¨)¢•¨¥ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ ∑®©£® ∑©¨¨ •Æ°¢¨• ض¶)¥®•)≥®•¨¶ ¥≤°©Æ©Æß)©≠°ß• ≥•¨•£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ≥µ©¥ ° ∂°≤©•¥π ض ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ≤•±µ©≤•≠•Æ¥≥

-G

3•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ '•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤π ض %Ø£•Æ•/%°≤¨π -©Ø£•Æ• 3ص≤£• 2Ø£´≥ ¶≤Ø≠ 0°≤°¥•¥®π≥

-©£®°•¨ -Ø≤¥ØÆ 5 3°≤°® $°∂©•≥  3¥•∞®•Æ 6©Æ£•Æ¥ . 2°£®•¨ &¨•£´•≤ G

3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,•©£•≥¥•≤ 5+ . #!30 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• 5+ , 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض "≤©≥¥Ø¨ 5+

≠¥≠33$¨• °£ µ´

4®• +µ≠° &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ %Ø£•Æ• °Æ§ ¥®• -°π´Ø∞ 3•≤©•≥ /¨©ßØ£•Æ• W %°≤¨π -©Ø£•Æ• ∑•≤• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ° ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•¥¥©Æß ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• 0°≤°¥•¥®π≥ /£•°Æ §µ≤©Æß ¥©≠•≥ ض ≠صƥ°©Æ ¢µ©¨§©Æß °£≤Ø≥≥ %µ≤Ø∞• °Æ§ !≥©° 5∞¨©¶¥ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• £Ø¨¨©≥©ØÆ Ø¶ !¶≤©£° °Æ§ !≤°¢©° ∑©¥® %µ≤°≥©° •∞©≥ا©£°¨¨π ≤•≥¥≤©£¥•§ ¥®• 0°≤°¥•¥®π≥ /£•°Æ °Æ§ •Æ®°Æ£•§ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ∞≤اµ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ° Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ≥µ¢)¢°≥©Æ≥ ©Æ #•Æ¥≤°¨ °Æ§ %°≥¥•≤Æ %µ≤Ø∞• (π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ)∞≤اµ£©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤°¥° ÆØ∑ •∏∞Ø≥•§ °≤صƧ ¥®• ∞•≤©∞®•≤π ض ¥®• "¨°£´ 3•° °≤• ¥®• ¶Ø£µ≥ ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π 3∞•£©¶©£°¨¨π ¥®• °©≠ ض ¥®• ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ©≥ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ¥®• £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ≥ص≤£• ≤Ø£´ ∞≤اµ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ©Æ %°≥¥•≤Æ 0°≤°¥•¥®π≥ ¥®≤ص߮ §•¥°©¨•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ! 0°¨•Øß•Æ• ¥Ø •°≤¨π .•Øß•Æ• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®• -°π´Ø∞ 3•≤©•≥ ¥π∞• ¨Ø£°¨©¥π ©≥ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• "•¨°π° 2©∂•≤ ≥ص¥®)∑•≥¥ 2µ≥≥©° $•¥°©¨•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¨Øßß©Æß °Æ§ ≥°≠∞¨©Æß °∞∞≤Ø∏©≠°¥•¨π •∂•≤π =/ £≠ ¥®≤ص߮ .=/ ≠ ض ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π ®°≥ ¢••Æ £Ø≠∞¨•¥•§ 2Ø£´%∂°¨ ∞π≤بπ≥©≥ ∑°≥ £ØƧµ£¥•§ ØÆ °¨¨ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ¥Ø •∏°≠©Æ• ¥®• ≥ص≤£• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ 4®• +µ≠° &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ¥Ø¥°¨ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ £°≤¢ØÆ 4/# ∂°¨µ•≥ ض )==P £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ∂°¨µ•≥ ض ¢•¥∑••Æ )GP ©Æ ¥®• -°π´Ø∞ 3•≤©•≥ $•¥°©¨•§ ¥®©Æ ≥•£¥©ØÆ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• ≥°≠• ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ≤•∂•°¨≥ ° ≤°Æß• ض ¶°£©•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß £°¨£°≤•Øµ≥ ¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ ≠°≤¨≥ ∑©¥® °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ ∑•¨¨)∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ¶Ø≤°≠©Æ©¶•≤° +µ≠° &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø §°≤´ ®•¥•≤Øߕƕص≥ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¥® Ø££°≥©ØÆ°¨ ¨•Æ≥•≥ °Æ§ ≥∞Ø≤°§©£ ≥°Æ§)≥©∫•§ ±µ°≤¥∫ ß≤°©Æ≥ -°π´Ø∞ 3•≤©•≥ 7©¥®©Æ ¥®• +µ≠° &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¶°£©•≥ ض §°≤´ ¶©Æ•) ß≤°©Æ•§ ≠°¥≤©∏ ©Æ¥•≤¨°≠©Æ°¥•§ ∑©¥® ∞°≤°¨¨•¨ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥•§ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≠°¥¥•≤ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥• ∑©¥® ®©ß®•≤ 4/# ∂°¨µ•≥ )Æ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ∑©¥® ¨Ø∑•≤ 4/# ∂°¨µ•≥ ¥®• ≠°¥≤©∏ ©≥ ≠µ£® ¨©ß®¥•≤ °Æ§ §©≥¥©Æ£¥¨π ¨°£´≥ ¨°≠©Æ°• ض £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥•§ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥©Æß ¥®• ®π∞Ø¥®•≥©≥ ض ° ¨©Æ´ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ 4/# £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ 4®• £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ "¨°£´ 3•° Ø≤ß°Æ©£)≤©£® ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑©¨¨ ∞≤Ø∂©§• Æ•∑ ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °Æ§ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ ≥ص≤£• ≤Ø£´ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ©Æ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£°¨¨π °£¥©∂• ≥•¥¥©Æß≥

4®• °∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 0≤Ø£•≥≥/¢°≥•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≠ا•¨≥ °≥ ¥≤°©Æ©Æß ©≠°ß•≥ ¶Ø≤ -µ¨¥© 0Ø©Æ¥ 3¥°¥©≥¥©£≥- ! £°≥• ≥¥µ§π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• &•≤≤ØÆ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•. 5¥°®*

*°≠•≥ 2* -µ¨¨©Æ≥ 5 *Ø®Æ ! (Ø∑•¨¨  (•¨•Æ° ∂°Æ §•≤ 6•ß¥ . 3©≠ØÆ * "µ£´¨•π G *Ø•∞ 3¥Ø≤≠≥ .

3 '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ ¥®• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ !¢•≤§••Æ 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠ . &°£µ¨¥π ض #©∂©¨ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß °Æ§ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 45 $•¨¶¥ $•¨¶¥ .•¥®•≤¨°Æ§≥ , #•Æ¥≤• ¶Ø≤ )Æ¥•ß≤°¥•§ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ 2•≥•°≤£® 5Æ© 2•≥•°≤£® !3 "•≤ß•Æ .Ø≤∑°π

™°≠•≥ ≠µ¨¨©Æ≥$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

0≤Ø£•≥≥)¢°≥•§ ≠ا•¨≥ °≤• §•≥©ßÆ•§ ¥Ø ¶Ø≤∑°≤§)≠ا•¨ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ∞≤•§•¶©Æ•§ ≤µ¨•≥ £Øµ∞¨•§ ∑©¥® µ≥•≤ §•¶©Æ•§ ©Æ∞µ¥ ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ´ÆØ∑¨•§ß• ض ∞®π≥©£°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ 4®• ©Æ®•≤•Æ¥ £Ø≠∞¨•∏©¥π ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥π∞©£°¨¨π ≠•°Æ≥ ¥®°¥ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ©Æß §©≤•£¥¨π ¥Ø ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §°¥° ©≥ •∏¥≤•≠•¨π £®°¨¨•Æß©Æß 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ £°Æ ¢• °§§≤•≥≥•§ ¥®≤ص߮ °∞∞¨π©Æß ¥®• ≤•°¨©≥¥©£ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ °Æ§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ £≤•°¥•§ ¢π ∞≤Ø£•≥≥)¢°≥•§ ≠ا•¨≥ °≥ G$ ¥≤°©Æ©Æß ©≠°ß•≥ ¶Ø≤ -µ¨¥©∞¨•)0Ø©Æ¥ 3¥°¥©≥¥©£≥ -03 4Ø ¥•≥¥ ¥®©≥ °∞∞≤Ø°£® ° = ∏ / ∏ /= ´≠ £¨Ø≥•)¥Ø)§•¥•≤≠©Æ©≥¥©£ ¢°≥• £°≥• ß•Ø£•¨¨µ¨°≤ ≠ا•¨ ∑°≥ £≤•°¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ∑•¨¨ •∏∞Ø≥•§ §•¨¥°©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ض ¥®• #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ &•≤≤ØÆ 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• °¥ )∂©• #≤••´ 5¥°® 4®©≥ ≠ا•¨ ∑°≥ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ° 5!6 °£±µ©≤•§ ∂©≤¥µ°¨ ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ ßµ©§•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ®©ß® ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≠°∞∞©Æß Ø¶ §•¨¥° ¨Ø¢• •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ §©≤•£¥¨π ØÆ¥Ø ¥®• ∂©≤¥µ°¨ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ≥µ≤¶°£• °Æ§ ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¨Øß≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• £°≥• ≥¥µ§π °≤•° ! £Ø≠∞°≤°¢¨• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥)¢°≥•§ ≠ا•¨ ض ° §•¨¥° £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ∑°≥ ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ µ≥©Æß $•¨¶¥ G$ ≥ض¥∑°≤• °Æ§ ©≠∞Ø≤¥•§ ©Æ¥Ø 0•¥≤•¨ 4®• $•¨¶¥ G$ ≠ا•¨ ∑°≥ µ≥•§ °≥ ° ¥≤°©Æ©Æß ©≠°ß• ¥Ø £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ -03 ≥©≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ µ≥©Æß §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ Ƶ≠¢•≤≥ ض £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ©Æß ∑•¨¨≥ µ∞≥£°¨•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¨Øß≥ °Æ§ ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨•≥ °£±µ©≤•§ ¢π ¥®• 5¥°® '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3µ≤∂•π 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ≥©≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑•≤• ∂°¨©§°¥•§ °ß°©Æ≥¥ ¥®• §•¥•≤≠©Æ©≥¥©£ ¢°≥• £°≥• ≠ا•¨ ¥®≤ص߮ ° ∂©≥µ°¨ °Æ§ ≥¥°¥©≥¥©£°¨ £Ø≠∞°≤©≥ØÆ ! ´•π £®°¨¨•Æß• ©Æ ¥®• -03 ∑Ø≤´¶¨Ø∑ ©≥ ¥®• °∂°©¨°¢¨• ض ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©∂• G$ ¥≤°©Æ©Æß ©≠°ß•≥ 2•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥)¢°≥•§ ≠ا•¨≥ °≤• •∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ £°Æ§©§°¥•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥≤°©Æ©Æß ©≠°ß•≥ ∑®•Æ £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ ∑©¥® ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ´ÆØ∑¨•§ß• ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ °Æ§ °∂°©¨°¢¨• ∑•¨¨ §°¥° 4®©≥ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•§ °∞∞≤Ø°£® §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥•≥ ° ∂°¨©§ ≠•¥®Ø§Ø¨Øßπ ¶Ø≤ ∞≤اµ£©Æß ≠Ø≤• °££µ≤°¥• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ≠ا•¨≥

-J

0≤•¨©≠©Æ°≤π ≥¥µ§©•≥ ض §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ØÆ #•ÆØ∫Ø©£ £¨°≥¥©£ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ °Æ°¨Øßµ•≥. 3ص¥®•≤Æ #°¨©¶Ø≤Æ©°. 53!*

3µÆ§°π %* /´µÆµ∑°§™•. $°∂©§ -°£§ØÆ°¨§ 3¥•∞®•Æ "Ø∑§•Æ 3£®Øب ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ

≥µÆ§°π Ø´µÆµ∑°§™•$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

4®• 3°Æ *Ø°±µ©Æ "°≥©Æ °Æ§ 3°¨¥ØÆ 4≤ص߮ ¶Ø≤≠ ° ≤ص߮¨π .7)3% ¨©Æ•°≤ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ∑©¥®©Æ ≥ص¥®•≤Æ #°¨©¶Ø≤Æ©° 4®•π °≤• ≥•∞°≤°¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ •°£® Ø¥®•≤ ¢π ¥®• -Ø™°∂• $•≥•≤¥ °Æ§ ≥•∂•≤°¨ ¶°µ¨¥≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®• 3°Æ !Ƨ≤•°≥ &°µ¨¥ 4®•≥• ¥∑Ø °≤•°≥ ®°∂• ≥©≠©¨°≤ ¨°¥• #•ÆØ∫Ø©£ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ≤°Æß©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¥Ø ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ¶°Æ≥ 2Ø£´ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ∑•≤• Ø¢¥°©Æ•§ ¶≤Ø≠ &©≥® #≤••´ 7°≥® ©Æ ¥®• 3°¨¥ØÆ 4≤ص߮ °Æ§ °¨ØÆß #®©£Ø -°≤¥©Æ•∫ #≤••´ °Æ§ ©Æ ¥®• 4•≠¢¨Ø≤ 2°Æß• °≤صƧ "°´•≤≥¶©•¨§ ©Æ ¥®• 3°Æ *Ø°±µ©Æ "°≥©Æ 4®•≥• ∑•≤• ≥¥µ§©•§ ¢π ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£ ¥®©Æ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥•§ ¢π )ƶ©Æ©¥π !Æ°¨π≥• °Æ§ 0•¥≤ب•§ß• ≥ض¥∑°≤• £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ ∑©¥® 82$ °Æ§ 3%-)%$3 ¥Ø °≥≥•≥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞°≤• ¥®• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ض §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ØÆ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¢Ø¥® °≤•°≥ 4®• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 3°¨¥ØÆ 4≤ص߮ °≤• °≤´Ø≥©£ W ¨©¥®©£ °≤´Ø≥©£ ∑©¥® §•¥≤©¥°¨ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ £ØÆ≥©≥¥©Æß Ø¶ ±µ°≤¥∫ °∂•≤°ß• GD. P ¶•¨§≥∞°≤≥ °∂•≤°ß• JD/ P °Æ§ ≤Ø£´ ¶≤°ß≠•Æ¥≥ °∂•≤°ß• < P ∑®•≤•°≥ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• "°´•≤≥¶©•¨§ °≤• °≤´Ø≥©£ ∑©¥® §•¥≤©¥°¨ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ £ØÆ≥©≥¥©Æß Ø¶ ±µ°≤¥∫ °∂•≤°ß• = P ¶•¨§≥∞°≤ °∂•≤°ß• G<G P °Æ§ ≤Ø£´ ¶≤°ß≠•Æ¥ °∂•≤°ß• JD P "Ø¥® °≤•°≥ ≥®Ø∑ ≥©≠©¨°≤©¥π ©Æ §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥©Æß Ø¶ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ¶•¨§≥∞°≤ °¨¥•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ §©≥≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≠©£≤ض≤°£¥µ≤©Æß °Æ§ °µ¥®©ß•Æ©£ £•≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠ ض £¨°π ¶•¨§≥∞°≤ ±µ°≤¥∫ °Æ§ £°¨£©¥• £•≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ #°¨£©¥• £•≠•Æ¥ ©≥ ¥®• ¨°¥• ∞®°≥• °Æ§ ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ °µ¥®©ß•Æ©£ £•≠•Æ¥ Ø££¨µ§©Æß ∞Ø≤•≥ ©Æ ¢Ø¥® °≤•°≥ )¥ ≥®Ø∑≥ °Æ ©Æ∂•≤≥• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ∑©¥® ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π !µ¥®©ß•Æ©£ ≥≠•£¥©¥• °Æ§ ≠©∏•§)¨°π•≤ ≥≠•£¥©¥•)©¨¨©¥• £¨°π °≤• ≠Ø≤• £Ø≠≠ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• 3°¨¥ØÆ 4≤ص߮ °∂•≤°ß©Æß = P ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¥Ø "°´•≤≥¶©•¨§ °∂•≤°ß©Æß /D= P ∑®©¨• ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• ©≥ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ °Æ§ £Øƶ©Æ•§ Øƨπ ¥Ø ¥®• "°´•≤≥¶©•¨§ °∂•≤°ß©Æß = P %≥¥©≠°¥•§ ¥®©Æ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ∂°¨µ•≥ °≤• ®©ß®•≤ ©Æ ¥®• 3°¨¥ØÆ 4≤ص߮ ¥®°Æ "°´•≤≥¶©•¨§ !µ¥®©ß•Æ©£ £•≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ∞¨°π•§ ° ≠Ø≤• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ≤ب• ©Æ §•≥¥≤Øπ©Æß Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ¥®°Æ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ 4®• •¶¶•£¥ ض £•≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ©≥ ≠Ø≤• ∞≤ØÆصƣ•§ ©Æ ¥®• "°´•≤≥¶©•¨§ ¥®°Æ ¥®• 3°¨¥ØÆ 4≤ص߮ °≤•°

7®•≤• ®°≥ °¨¨ ¥®• ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ßØÆ•&- ,©Æ´©Æß ∞Ø≤• ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ©Æ ¥®• 4°≤°Æ°´© "°≥©Æ. .•∑ :•°¨°Æ§

3•°Æ /2.•©¨¨ 5 3¥µ°≤¥ *ØÆ•≥  *ØÆ '¨µπ°≥  0•¥•≤ +°≠∞ . °Æ§ 2Ø¢•≤¥ #≤ØØ´¢°©Æ G

3 $µ≤®°≠ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ $µ≤®°≠ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π $µ≤®°≠ 5+ . 3£®Øب ض 3£©•Æ£• E %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 7°©´°¥Ø (°≠©¨¥ØÆ .•∑ :•°¨°Æ§ , 3®•¨¨ .•∑ :•°¨°Æ§ .•∑ 0¨π≠ص¥® .•∑ :•°¨°Æ§

≥•°Æ ØÆ•©¨¨$§µ≤®°≠ °£ µ´

4®• 4°≤°Æ°´© "°≥©Æ 4" ¨©•≥ ØÆ≥®Ø≤• °Æ§ ض¶≥®Ø≤• ©Æ £•Æ¥≤°¨)∑•≥¥ .•∑ :•°¨°Æ§ 4®• ¢°≥©Æ ®°≥ µÆ§•≤ßØÆ• ≤°∞©§ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• °Æ§ ¢µ≤©°¨ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©Æß µ∞ ¥Ø -´≠ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥©Æ£• ¥®• ,°¥• #≤•¥°£•Øµ≥ ∑©¥® ≠°Æπ Ø∂•≤∞≤•≥≥µ≤•§ ≤•ß©ØÆ≥ ض µ∞ ¥Ø J///∞≥©M.-0° °¢Ø∂• ®π§≤Ø≥¥°¥©£ )¥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ≥®Ø∑Æ ¥®°¥ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ •°≤¨π ØÆ≥•¥ ض ®©ß® ∞Ø≤• ¶¨µ©§ ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• ¨Ø∑ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ •¶¶•£¥©∂• ≥¥≤•≥≥ £°Æ ©Æ®©¢©¥ ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• §©≥≥بµ¥©ØÆ §≤©∂•Æ ¢π ≠•£®°Æ©£°¨ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ+ ¥®•≤•¢π ≤•§µ£©Æß ¥®• ¨Ø°§ ¢Ø≤Æ• ¢π ©Æ¥•≤ß≤°Æµ¨°≤ ß≤°©Æ £ØÆ¥°£¥≥ °Æ§ ≠°©Æ¥°©Æ©Æß ®©ß® ∞≤©≠°≤π ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥©•≥ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ®°≥ ¶Ø£µ≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• 0°¨°•Ø£•Æ• &°≤•∑•¨¨ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ∑®©£® ©≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ®©ß® .M' ≠µ¨¥©)≥¥°£´•§ ≠µ¨¥©)¨°¥•≤°¨ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¥®°¥ °£¥ °≥ ° ∞≤©≠°≤π ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• 4" +°∞µÆ© $••∞) ∑•¨¨ ∑°≥ §≤©¨¨•§ ØÆ≥®Ø≤• ¥Ø ¥•≥¥ ¥®• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ض ¥®• §••∞ &°≤•∑•¨¨ C=///≠ 46$ ∑®©£® ∑°≥ ¶ØµÆ§ ¥Ø ¢• ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π Ø∂•≤∞≤•≥≥µ≤•§ G///∞≥©M.-0° ¢µ¥ §©≥∞¨°π•§ ∂•≤π ∞ØØ≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ∑©¥® ≠•°≥µ≤•§ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π °Æ§ ∞•≤≠•°¢©¨©¥π ض .P °Æ§ //-=≠$ ≤•≥∞•£¥©∂•¨π $ ¢°≥©Æ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ®°≥ ≥®Ø∑Æ ¥®°¥ ¥®• &°≤•∑•¨¨ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ •∏∞•≤©•Æ£•§ ©Æ©¥©°¨ ≤°∞©§ ¢µ≤©°¨ ¨•°§©Æß ¥Ø ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ¨Ø≥≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ≠•£®°Æ©£°¨ °Æ§ ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π £®•≠©£°¨ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ 2°∞©§ ¢µ≤©°¨ ¢•ß©ÆÆ©Æß ©Æ ¥®• 0¨©Ø£•Æ• §≤Ø∂• ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ Ø∂•≤∞≤•≥≥µ≤• ¥®≤ص߮ §©≥•±µ©¨©¢≤©µ≠ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ¢µ¥ ∑°≥ ¥ØØ ¨°¥• ¥Ø °£¥ ©Æ °≤≤•≥¥©Æß ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ¨Ø≥≥ $•ß≤°§°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶•¨§≥∞°≤≥ ®°≥ ¨•§ ¥Ø ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø≤• ¶©¨¨©Æß ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• °Æ§ ∞Ø≤• ¢≤©§ß©Æß ©¨¨©¥• ∑®©£® ®°≥ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ©≠∞°£¥•§ ¥®• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π %°≤¨π ∞Ø≤• ¶©¨¨©Æß °Æ§ ¨°¥• ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £°¨£©¥• £•≠•Æ¥ ©Æ §•ß≤°§•§ ¶•¨§≥∞°≤≥ ®°≥ ∞≤اµ£•§ ©Æ¥•≤)ß≤°Æµ¨°≤ ∂بµ≠•≥ ض CD/P ∑®©£® ®°≥ ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¥Ø ∞≤اµ£• ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ≥•£ØƧ°≤π ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π "©¥µ≠•Æ ¶©¨¨•§ ¶≤°£¥µ≤•≥ £Ø≠≠ØÆ¨π §©≥∞¨°π •¥£®•§ ß≤°©Æ≥ °Æ§ ©Æ§©£°¥• ¶¨µ≥®©Æß ¢π #/ . ≤©£® ¶¨µ©§≥ !±µ•Øµ≥ °Æ§ Ø©¨ ¶¨µ©§ ©Æ£¨µ≥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ±µ°≤¥∫ ¶°£¥µ≤• ¶©¨¨≥ /o# £Ø≤≤•≥∞ØƧ ¥Ø ØÆ≥•¥ ض -©Ø£•Æ• µ∞¨©¶¥ °Æ§ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ £®°≤ß©Æß !¨¥®Øµß® ¥®• Ø∂•≤°¨¨ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ©≥ ∞ØØ≤ ¥®• §••∞ &°≤•∑•¨¨ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ £Øµ¨§ ≥¥©¨¨ ¢• °Æ °¥¥≤°£¥©∂• •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø≥∞•£¥ ©¶ ≥•£ØƧ°≤π ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π °Æ§ £ØÆÆ•£¥•§ ¶≤°£¥µ≤•≥ °≤• £®°≤ß•§ ∑©¥® ≠Ø∂°¢¨• ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ≥

-=

0¨©Ø£•Æ•/0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π/¥•£¥ØÆ©£ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• -•≥°Ø≤©° G-•≥°≤π°H "°≥©Æ. ©Æ ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ #π∞≤µ≥. ©Æ °Æ ©Æ£©∞©•Æ¥. §©°£®≤ØÆص≥ £Ø¨¨©≥©ØÆ°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß 2Ø≠•≥® .* 0°¨°≠°´µ≠¢µ≤° °Æ§ !¨°≥¥°©≤ (& 2Ø¢•≤¥≥ØÆ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® 3£®Øب ض '•Ø3£©•Æ£•≥ '≤°Æ¥ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• 4®• +©ÆßP≥ "µ©¨§©Æß≥ *°≠•≥ (µ¥¥ØÆ 2Ø°§ %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(+ ,&%

≤∞°¨°≠°´µ≠¢µ≤°$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

4®• -•≥°Ø≤©° -•≥°≤π° "°≥©Æ •∏•≠∞¨©¶©•≥ ≠µ¨¥©)≥¥°ß• ¢°≥©Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß Ø¶ §©°£®≤ØÆص≥ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ £Ø¨¨©≥©ØÆ .•∑ ¶°£©•≥ •∂©§•Æ£• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ ∑©¥® ¶©•¨§ ∑•¨¨ °Æ§ ß•Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ •Æ°¢¨• ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ §•¥°©¨•§ ≥πÆ¥®•≥©≥ ض ¥®• 0¨©Ø)0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ 4®• %°≤¨π),°¥•; 0¨©Ø£•Æ• ∑°≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ¢π ≠°™Ø≤ ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £®°¨´≥ °Æ§ ≠°≤¨≥ °¶¥•≤ ¥®• -•≥≥©Æ©°Æ ≥°¨©Æ©¥π £≤©≥©≥ ≤•°£®©Æß Æ•°≤¨π -// ≠ ©Æ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ¢µ¥ ]./ ≠ ©Æ ©¥≥ ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ ∞°≤¥ -µ§≤Ø£´≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ °≤• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥• £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ¥®°¥ ∑•≤• ≥ص≤£•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥ص¥® ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• 4≤ØاØ≥ -°≥≥©¶ ∑®©£® ∑°≥ °¨≤•°§π µÆ§•≤ßØ©Æß µ∞¨©¶¥ 4®• 0¨©Ø£•Æ•)°ß•§ £®°¨´≥ °Æ§ ≠°≤¨≥ °≤• Ø∂•≤¨°©Æ ¢π 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• ≥®°¨¨Ø∑)≠°≤©Æ• ¶°£©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠ ض ¢•Æ¥®©£ ¶Ø≤°≠)≤©£® ß≤°©Æ≥¥ØÆ• £°¨£°≤•Øµ≥ ≤•§ °¨ß°•)≤©£® ≤µ§≥¥ØÆ• ≠•§©µ≠ ¥Ø £Ø°≤≥•)ß≤°©Æ•§ £≤Ø≥≥)¢•§§•§ ß≤°©Æ≥¥ØÆ• £®°ÆÆ•¨©≥•§)£ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥• °Æ§ Øπ≥¥•≤MØƣة§)≤©£® ¶¨Ø°¥≥¥ØÆ•≥ 4®•≥• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° ≥®°¨¨Ø∑©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ≠°≤©Æ• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• •Æ¥©≤• ¢°≥©Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ®•≠©∞•¨°ß©£ Ø∞•Æ)≠°≤©Æ• ≥•¥¥©Æß ¥Ø ° ≤•≥¥≤©£¥•§ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑)≠°≤©Æ• ≥•°∑°π °Æ§ ¶©Æ°¨¨π ¥Ø ¨°ßØØÆ°¨ °Æ§ §•¨¥°©£ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ !≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨©∫•§ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ ∑•≤• §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• +π≤•Æ©° 2°Æß• ¥Ø ¥®• ÆØ≤¥® ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ∑®©£® ¢π ¥®•Æ ®°§ ≥¥°≤¥•§ ¥Ø µ∞¨©¶¥ /∂•≤¨π©Æß ¥®• •Æ¥©≤• ≥•±µ•Æ£• °≤• °•Ø¨©°Æ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥©Æß ¥®• ¶©Æ°¨ ≥∑©¥£® ¥Ø ° ÆØÆ)≠°≤©Æ• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 4®• -•≥°Ø≤©° -•≥°≤π° "°≥©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °Æ§ ≥¥≤µ£µ¥°¨ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ∑°≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ¥®• ØÆ)ßØ©Æß ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ض ¥®• %°≥¥•≤Æ -•§©¥•≤≤°Æ•°Æ $µ≤©Æß ¥®• %°≤¨π 0¨©Ø£•Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ≥∞°£• ∑°≥ £≤•°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ¢π ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• °¨ØÆß ¥∑Ø £ %)7 ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ ¨©Æ•°≠•Æ¥≥ &©≤≥¥ §Ø∑Æ)¥Ø)¥®•)ÆØ≤¥® •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ ¥ØØ´ ∞¨°£• °¨ØÆß ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ 3•£ØƧ¨π ≥©Æ©≥¥≤°¨ ≥¥≤©´•)≥¨©∞M¥≤°Æ≥¥•Æ≥©ØÆ; ¢•£°≠• °£¥©∂• °¨ØÆß ¥®• /∂ßØ≥ $°≤ $•≤• ¶°µ¨¥ ∫ØÆ• ∑®©£® ¥≤°Æ≥•£¥≥ ¥®• ÆØ≤¥®•≤Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ 4®• ≥¥≤©´•)≥¨©∞ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£≥ ≤•¨°¥• ¥Ø ¥®• £Ø•∂°¨ ∑•≥¥∑°≤§ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ •≥£°∞• ض !Æ°¥Ø¨©° ¥Ø ¥®• ÆØ≤¥® ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¥®• !•ß•°Æ ≤•ß©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• ∑•≥¥ 4®• ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ ≤•ß≤•≥≥©ØÆ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ©≥ •∏∞¨°©Æ•§ ¢π ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ µ∞¨©¶¥ 4®©≥ ∑°≥ ¢≤ص߮¥ °¢Øµ¥ ¢π ¥®• ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ £Ø¨¨©≥©ØÆMµÆ§•≤¥®≤µ≥¥©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• %≤°¥®Ø≥¥®•Æ•≥ 3•°≠صƥ ∑©¥® ° ÆØ≤¥®)∂•≤ß©Æß ≥µ¢§µ£¥©ØÆ ¥≤•Æ£® ¥Ø ¥®• ≥ص¥® ض #π∞≤µ≥ 4®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π •∂©§•Æ£• ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ¥®°¥ #π∞≤µ≥ °≥ ° ∑®Ø¨• ∑°≥ µ∞¨©¶¥•§ ≥©≠µ¨¥°Æ•Øµ≥¨π ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®• 4≤ØاØ≥ -°≥≥©¶ ¥®• +π≤•Æ©° 2°Æß• °Æ§ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∂•Æ©Æß -•≥°Ø≤©° -•≥°≤π° "°≥©Æ

4®• •¨µ≥©∂• ¨©Æ´ ¢•¥∑••Æ ∞Ø≤•/∑°¥•≤ £®•≠©≥¥≤π °Æ§ •°≤¨π £•≠•Æ¥ ∞®°≥•≥- #°≥• ≥¥µ§π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ض ¥®• !¢µ $®°¢© £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≥°¢´®° !Ƨ≤•°≥ 0°µ¨  0•Æß 9µ°Æ 7•≥¨•π - #ص≤¥ 3¥•∞®•Æ 7 ,Ø´©•≤ 4®• 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 0 / "Ø∏ .2,, !¢µ $®°¢© 5Æ©¥•§ !≤°¢ %≠©≤°¥•≥

°∞°µ¨$∞© °£ °•

4®• £Ø°≥¥°¨ ≥°¢´®° ض !¢µ $®°¢© ©≥ ° £Ø≠∞¨•∏ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ©Æ °Æ •∏¥≤•≠•¨π °≤©§ £¨©≠°¥• 4®©≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ©≥ ≠°≤´•§ ¢π ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞≤©≠°≤π £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• °Æ§ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °Æ§ ¢π ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ≥•£ØƧ°≤π •∂°∞Ø≤©¥• °Æ§ £•≠•Æ¥ ∞®°≥•≥ ! Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض •°≤¨©•≤ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ®°∂• °≥≥•≥≥•§ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• ≥•£ØƧ°≤π ∞®°≥•≥ π•¥ ÆØ ≤•≥•°≤£® ®°≥ •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ° ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¨°¥•≤°¨ °Æ§ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• £®•≠©£°¨ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø≤• ∑°¥•≤ °Æ§ ¥®• Æ°¥µ≤• ض ©Æ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ¥®• ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥©Æß ∞Ø≤•)¶©¨¨©Æß £•≠•Æ¥≥ ≤•) £≤π≥¥°¨¨©≥°¥©ØÆ ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ §©≥≥بµ¥©ØÆ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π °©≠≥ ¥Ø •≥¥°¢¨©≥® °Æ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ¥®°¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب •°≤¨π ∞Ø≥¥)§•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ £®°Æß•≥ ¥Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °≥ ° ≤•≥µ¨¥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ) ∞Ø≤• ∑°¥•≤ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ! ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ¶Ø£µ≥ ©≥ ¥Ø £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥• £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• £®•≠©≥¥≤π ض ¥®• ∞Ø≤• ∑°¥•≤ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ° ¥©§°¨ £π£¨• °©≠©Æß °¥ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ®Ø∑ ¥®• ©Æ¶¨µ∏ ض O¶≤•≥®I ¨°ßØØÆ°¨ ≥•° ∑°¥•≤ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•≥ ¥®• £®•≠©≥¥≤π ض ¥®• ∞Ø≤• ∑°¥•≤ °Æ§ ∑®©£® •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• ≤•∞¨•Æ©≥®•§ ØÆ ° §°©¨π ¢°≥©≥ 4®• ©Æ©¥©°¨ §°¥° ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ®•≤• ©≥ ¢°≥•§ µ∞ØÆ ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ °Æ§ ¨°¥•≤°¨ °Æ§ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• £®•≠©≥¥≤π ض ©Æ)≥©¥µ ≥°≠∞¨•§ ∞Ø≤• ∑°¥•≤ 4®• ∞Ø≤• ∑°¥•≤ ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ∑©¥® ≤•≥∞•£¥ ¥Ø ∞( ≥°¨©Æ©¥π °¨´°¨©Æ©¥π §©≥≥ب∂•§ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ £°≤¢ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ° ∂°≤©•¥π ض £Ø≠≠ØÆ ≠•¥°¨¨©£ °Æ§ ÆØÆ)≠•¥°¨¨©£ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¢µ¥ ÆØ¥ ¨©≠©¥•§ ¥Ø #° &• -ß 0 3 °Æ§ 3≤

-D

4≤°∑¨©Æß ©Æ§µ£•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥

-°≤¥° 0°πØ 0°πØ 5.?  2©£°≤§Ø 3©¨∂° *°£©Æ¥Ø . '°¨§•≤©£ ,°≥¥≤°≥ G -°≤©Æ° 2°¢©Æ•°µ . 0•≤• 0µ©ß J *°£Ø¢Ø -°≤¥fiÆ = -©±µ•¨ #°Æ°¨≥ G °Æ§ .°¢©¨ 3µ¨¥°Æ 

3 )&2%-%2 'œØ≥£©•Æ£•≥ -°≤©Æ•≥A%$2/-% #•Æ¥≤• §• "≤•≥¥ "0D #33DDD .+.@D 0¨Øµ∫°Æœ &≤°Æ£• . 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥œ §• "≤•≥¥ )5%- 5-2 #.23 *2,@ $Ø≠°©Æ•≥ /£œ°Æ©±µ•≥ 0¨°£• .©£Ø¨°≥ #Ø∞•≤Æ©£ .+.@D 0¨Øµ∫°Æœ &≤°Æ£• , #2' -°≤©Æ• '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ §• $©Æª≠©£° §• ¨° 4•≤≤° © §•¨≥ /£•°Æ≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥°¥ §• "°≤£•¨ØÆ° %AD@D.@ "°≤£•¨ØÆ° 3∞°©Æ  )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ض -°≤©Æ• 3£©•Æ£•≥ #3)# %AD@DD, "°≤£•¨ØÆ° 3∞°©Æ 2 #•Æ¥≤Ø !µ≥¥≤°¨ §• )Æ∂•≥¥©ß°£©ØÆ•≥ #©•Æ¥fi¶©£°≥ =#!$)#A#/.)#%4> "•≤Æ°≤§Ø (ص≥≥°π .DD 6+3D#!" 5≥®µ°©° 4©•≤≤° §•¨ &µ•ßØ !≤ß•Æ¥©Æ°

≠°≤¥° ∞°πØ ∞°πØ$©¶≤•≠•≤ ¶≤

"Ø¥¥Ø≠ ¥≤°∑¨©Æß ¶©≥®•≤©•≥ ∞≤Ø≠Ø¥• ≤•£µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≤•≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ •∂•Æ¥≥ Ø∂•≤ ¶©≥®©Æß ß≤صƧ≥ 2•£•Æ¥ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ®°∂• ≥®Ø∑Æ ®Ø∑ ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ ¥≤°∑¨©Æß £°Æ §≤©∂• ≥•°≥£°∞• ≤•≥®°∞©Æß °¥ ¨°≤ß• ≥∞°¥©°¨ ≥£°¨•≥ °Æ§ •Æ®°Æ£• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ©Æ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £°ÆπØÆ≥ 0≤•≥•Æ¥ ´ÆØ∑¨•§ß• ØÆ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥¶•≤ °Æ§ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥≤©ßß•≤•§ ¢π ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ ¥≤°∑¨©Æß ©≥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ≥Æ°∞≥®Ø¥≥ ض ¶©•¨§ §°¥° ¨©≠©¥•§ ©Æ ¥©≠• °Æ§ ≥∞°£• ∑®©¨≥¥ ° ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥£°¨• ∞©£¥µ≤• ض ¥®©≥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ©≥ Æ••§•§ /µ≤ ∑Ø≤´ ¶Ø£µ≥•≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≠ا•¨¨©Æß Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °Æ§ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ¥≤°∑¨©Æß °£¥©∂©¥©•≥ ©Æ ,° &ØÆ•≤° ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £°ÆπØÆ ÆØ≤¥®)∑•≥¥•≤Æ -•§©¥•≤≤°Æ•°Æ 3•° ¥®µ≥ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥©Æß ¥Ø °Æ ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ °≥≥•≥≥≠•Æ¥ ض ¥≤°∑¨©Æß ©≠∞°£¥≥ "°≥•§ ØÆ ≠ØØ≤©Æß §°¥° °Æ ©Æ∂•≤≥• ≠ا•¨ ©≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≤•∞≤اµ£• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≤•≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ¥©≠• ≥•≤©•≥ Ø∂•≤ °Æ °≤•° §•¶©Æ•§ ØÆ ¥®• ¢°≥©≥ ض 6•≥≥•¨ -ØÆ©¥Ø≤©Æß 3π≥¥•≠ §°¥° /µ≤ Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥)¢°≥•§ ≠ا•¨ ≥©≠µ¨°¥•≥ ¥≤°∑¨©Æß)©Æ§µ£•§ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• £°ÆπØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ° G$ ∂©≥µ°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¥≤°∑¨©Æß ©≠∞°£¥≥ ØÆ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §πÆ°≠©£≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®• ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∞°ß°¥©ØÆ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ≤•≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ ¢π ¥≤°∑¨©Æß &¨Ø∑≥ £Ø≠©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑•≤ ¶©≥®©Æß ß≤صƧ≥ °≤• ¶µÆÆ•¨¨•§ ¥®≤ص߮ £°ÆπØÆ ¶¨°Æ´ ßµ¨¨©•≥ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¥®• £°ÆπØÆ °∏©≥ ∑©¥® ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ≤•≥µ≥∞•Æ§•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≤•°£®©Æß ¥®• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≤©≥• ص¥ ض ¥®• £°ÆπØÆ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• Ø∞•Æ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥¨Ø∞• 4≤°∑¨©Æß)©Æ§µ£•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ∞≤Ø≠Ø¥• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ ¢•πØƧ ¥®• £°ÆπØÆ ≠ص¥® '©∂•Æ ¥®• ∑©§• ß•Øß≤°∞®©£°¨ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ ¥≤°∑¨©Æß ص≤ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ®°∂• ¶°≤)≤•°£®©Æß ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ ßØ ¢•πØƧ ,° &ØÆ•≤° ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £°ÆπØÆ /µ≤ ≥¥µ§π ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ° ≥¥°≤¥©Æß ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °≥≥•≥≥≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ©≠∞°£¥ ض ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ ¥≤°∑¨©Æß ©Æ §••∞ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ 4®©≥ ≠°π °¨¨Ø∑ ¥®• ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨¨π §°≠°ß©Æß °Æ§ °¶¶•£¥•§ °≤•°≥ ¶Ø≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ¥≤°∑¨©Æß °≤•°≥ ∑©¥® ¨•≥≥•≤ ©≠∞°£¥≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• °©≠ ض ¶©≥®•≤©•≥ ≠°Æ°ß•≠•Æ¥ ¢°≥•§ ÆØ¥ Øƨπ ØÆ ¥®• ≥®Ø≤¥ ¥•≤≠ ©≠∞°£¥ ØÆ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ≥∞•£©•≥ ¢µ¥ ∑©¥® ° ≠Ø≤• ¨ØÆß ¥•≤≠ ∂©≥©ØÆ Ø¶ •£Ø≥π≥¥•≠ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥

#®•≠©£°¨ ∑•°¥®•≤©Æß ¶¨µ∏•≥ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©Æ ¥®• -•´ØÆß 2©∂•≤ 4Ø≠ 0•≤´©Æ≥  %§ 4©∞∞•≤ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• $Ø∑Æ©Æß 3¥≤••¥ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%1

¥ß∞.2$£°≠ °£ µ´

'•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ ¶¨µ∏•≥ °Æ§ ≥∞°¥©°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ £®•≠©£°¨ ∑•°¥®•≤©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤ -•´ØÆß ¢°≥©Æ °≤• •∂°¨µ°¥•§ µ≥©Æß ¢•§¨Ø°§ °Æ§ ∑°¥•≤ ≥°≠∞¨©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ,µ°Æß 0≤°¢°Æß ,°Ø≥ ¥Ø +≤°¥©• #°≠¢Ø§©° ©Æ £ØÆ™µÆ£¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ∑°¥•≤ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ∞≤ض©¨©Æß §µ≤©Æß 3•∞¥•≠¢•≤ ./D &µ≥•§ §©≥£≥ ∑©¥® ° ¨©¥®©µ≠ ≠•¥°¢Ø≤°¥• ≥ب∂•Æ¥ °≤• ≠°§• ¥Ø °Æ°¨π≥• ¢•§¨Ø°§ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ µ≥©Æß )#0)/%3 "Ø¥® ¶Ø≤∑°≤§ °Æ§ ©Æ∂•≤≥• ≠•¥®Ø§≥ °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≠ا•¨ ∑°¥•≤ £®•≠©≥¥≤π+ ¥®• ©Æ∂•≤≥• ≠ا•¨I≥ ≥©¨©£°¥• £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• °Æ§ •∂°∞Ø≤©¥• •Æ§≠•≠¢•≤≥ °≤• £ØÆ≥©§•≤•§ ©Æ ¥®• £ØÆ¥•∏¥ ض ¥®• ¢•§¨Ø°§ £®•≠©≥¥≤π 7• ¶©Æ§ ¥®• -•´ØÆß ©≥ ¢•©Æß §©¨µ¥•§ ¢π ¥≤©¢µ¥°≤©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ,Ø∑•≤ ¢°≥©Æ °Æ§ °¥¥≤©¢µ¥• ¥≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ ≥©¨©£°¥• ∑•°¥®•≤©Æß ¥Ø £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ≥µ¢)¢°≥©Æ ≤Ø£´ ¥π∞• •¨•∂°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥•

-<

!•Ø¨©°Æ/ 3°¢´®° )Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• #•§°≤ -•≥° 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•. 3ص¥®∑•≥¥•≤Æ 53!* 0•¥¥©ß≤•∑. 2*  #¨°≤´• 3 "°≥©Æ $πÆ°≠©£≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ E '•Øß≤°∞®π +••¨• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π +••¨• 3¥°¶¶Ø≤§≥®©≤• 3422"' 5+

≤ ∞ ∞•¥¥©ß≤•∑$´••¨• °£ µ´

!≤©§ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ¢°≥©Æ ¶©¨¨ £Ø≠≠Øƨπ £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ °•Ø¨©°Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ •∂°∞Ø≤©¥©£ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®Øµß® ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ض ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• ∑•¨¨ §•¶©Æ•§ ¥®• ß•Ø≠•¥≤©£°¨ ©Æ¥•≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ض £ØÆ¥•≠∞Ø≤°Æ•Øµ≥ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ ¥®≤ص߮ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ®°∂• ≤•£•©∂•§ ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ¨©¥¥¨• °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ §•≥∞©¥• ¥®• ¶°£¥ ¥®°¥ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ¥Ø ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π °¶¶•£¥ ¢Ø¥® ¢°≥©Æ)≥£°¨• ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ £®°≤°£¥•≤ )Æ ¥®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ ∑• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° ∞≤•¨©≠©Æ°≤𠶩•¨§ ≥¥µ§π ض °•Ø¨©°Æ W •∂°∞Ø≤©¥©£ W ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• §µÆ• °Æ§ ≥°¢´®° §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• •≤ß ≠°≤ß©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• #•§°≤ -•≥° 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ≥ص¥®)•°≥¥•≤Æ 5¥°® 7• µ≥• §•¥°©¨•§ °Æ§ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ¨Øßß©Æß °£≤Ø≥≥ ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• °≤•°≥ ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß𠧕∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ≥∞°¥©°¨ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ 5≥©Æß ¥®•≥• ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ G$ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ≠ا•¨≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ §•≤©∂•§ ≥®Ø∑©Æß ¥®• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¢Ø¥® ¥©≠• °Æ§ ≥∞°£• ®Ø∑ ¥®•≥• °≤• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ °Æ§ ∑®°¥ ¥®• ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®•≥• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ≠•°Æ ¶Ø≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ©§•°≥ °≤• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ≥∞•£µ¨°¥©Æß ¥®• £¨©≠°¥©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ≥•∞°≤°¥©Æß ¨Ø£°¨©≥•§ •¶¶•£¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ∑©§•≤ °¨¨Ø£π£¨©£ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ 4®• ≤•ß©ØÆ ≥®Ø∑≥ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• π•¥ ≥∞Ø≤°§©£ ©Æ¥•≤¶©Æß•≤©Æß §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ض ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• °•Ø¨©°Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ •∂°∞Ø≤©¥©£ Ø≤©ß©Æ 4®• ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ° §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ ¢π ¥®• •∂°∞Ø≤©¥©£ ≥π≥¥•≠ •∂•Æ §µ≤©Æß §≤©•≤ ¥©≠•≥ ∑©¥® •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• ≤•∑Ø≤´©Æß Ø¶ °•Ø¨©°Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ¥Ø ≥°¢´®°)≤•¨°¥•§ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ∞ØØ≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π 4®©≥ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ض ©Æ¥•≤¢•§§•§ £¨•°Æ °•Ø¨©°Æ °Æ§ •∂°∞Ø≤©¥©£ ≥¥≤°¥° ¢Ø¥® £Ø≠∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥°¨©≥•≥ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ ∞°¥®∑°π≥ ¥Ø £ØÆÆ•£¥ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ 4®• ≥¥µ§π ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ°≤π ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≠ا•¨≥ ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• °∞∞¨©•§ ¥Ø ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• °≤©§ 0•≤≠©°Æ ¢°≥©Æ≥ ض ¥®• .Ø≤¥® 3•° 5+ W °Æ °£¥©∂• ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ∞≤Ø∂©Æ£• W ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø ¢•¥¥•≤ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥• ¢°≥©Æ)≥£°¨• ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ ض ¥®• •∂ب∂©Æß ¢°≥©Æ ¶©¨¨

! ≠µ¨¥©≥£°¨• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• %Æ¥≤°§° &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ C °Æ °∞∞≤Ø°£® ¥Ø •≤ß ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ß•Ø≠ا•¨¨©Æß Ø¶ ° ∑•¥ °•Ø¨©°Æ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ °Æ°¨Øßµ•*

#ب≠ 0©•≤£• 5. *Ø®Æ (Ø∑•¨¨  (بߕ≤ 2•©´• .

3 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ !¢•≤§••Æ 5+ . $%! (°≠¢µ≤ß '•≤≠°Æπ

£ ∞©•≤£•$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

%∏¥•Æ≥©∂• £¨©¶¶ •∏∞Ø≥µ≤•≥ ض ¥®• -©§)*µ≤°≥≥©£ %Æ¥≤°§° &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °£≤Ø≥≥ •°≥¥•≤Æ °Æ§ £•Æ¥≤°¨ 5¥°® ∞≤Ø∂©§• °Æ Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥π ¥Ø ≥¥µ§π ∑•¥ °•Ø¨©°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ °•Ø¨©°Æ ¥Ø ∞°≤°¨©£ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ +Ø£µ≤•´ - ! Æ•∑ ≥¥µ§π ©Æ ≥•°≤£® ض ∑•¥ °•Ø¨©°Æ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ °Æ°¨Øßµ•≥ ®°≥ £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ ¥≤°§©¥©ØÆ°¨ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ¨Øß≥ ∑©¥® ∂©≤¥µ°¨ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ≠ا•¨≥ 6/I≥ ¥Ø £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥• ¥®•≥• ©Æ¥•≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ ≥∞°ÆÆ©Æß ≠µ¨¥©∞¨• ≥£°¨•≥ °¥ ®©ß®•≤ ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ¥®°Æ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨• ©Æ ¥®• %Æ¥≤°§° 4®• ¶Ø£µ≥ ©≥ ¥∑ضب§+ ¶©≤≥¥¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®• §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §µÆ•)©Æ¥•≤§µÆ• •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ض ¥®• ≠°©Æ %Æ¥≤°§° •≤ß ≥π≥¥•≠ ©Æ £•Æ¥≤°¨ 5¥°® °¨¨Ø∑©Æß ° ≤•)°≥≥•≥≥≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ ≥•£ØƧ¨π •∏°≠©Æ©Æß ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ©Æ¥•≤§©ß©¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• °•Ø¨©°Æ ¶°£©•≥ ∑©¥® ≠°≤ß©Æ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ≤•≥ب∂©Æß ¶°£©•≥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ §µÆ• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ¶≤Ø≠ •≤ß ¶°©≤∑°π ¥Ø •≤ß ≠°≤ß©Æ 4®• §°¥°≥•¥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ ° / ´≠ ¨ØÆß .7)3% Ø≤©•Æ¥°¥•§ ¥≤°Æ≥•£¥ ¥®≤ص߮ ¥®• %Æ¥≤°§° ©Æ £•Æ¥≤°¨ 5¥°® ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 3°Æ 2°¶°•¨ 3∑•¨¨ ¥Ø "°≤¥¨•¥¥ 7°≥® Æ•°≤ -Ø°¢ ≥∞°ÆÆ©Æß ¥•Æ ≥•∞°≤°¥• ¨Ø£°¨©¥©•≥ #ØÆ∂•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨ 0=/ ≥£°¨• ¨Øß §°¥° °¥ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨©¥©•≥ ©≥ µÆ§•≤∞©ÆÆ•§ ¢π 6/I≥ ß°¥®•≤•§ ¢π 5!6 W §≤ØÆ• ¥®•≥• ≤°Æß• ©Æ ≥£°¨• ¶≤Ø≠

-

2•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©Æß §••∞ Ø£•°Æ £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ∞°¥®∑°π °Æ§ ≥¥≤•Æߥ® ∑©¥® ß≤°©Æ≥©∫•/≥∞•£©¶©£ .§ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞•≥ ØÆ ¥®• ¨©¥®©£ ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠°≤©Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ 9µ¥©Æß ,© !¨•∏°Æ§•≤ 0©Ø¥≤Ø∑≥´© $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• $Ø∑Æ©Æß 3¥≤••¥ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%1

π¨2D.$£°≠ °£ µ´

#®°Æß•≥ ©Æ Ø£•°Æ £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ∞¨°π•§ ° ´•π ≤ب• ©Æ §•ß¨°£©°¨ £¨©≠°¥• £®°Æß• ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ∞®π≥©£≥ ض ∞°≥¥ §••∞ Ø£•°Æ £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ©≥ §©¶¶©£µ¨¥ ¥Ø ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ 7• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ©Æ©¥©°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ض ° Æ•∑ °∞∞≤Ø°£® ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ∞°≥¥ .Ø≤¥® !¥¨°Æ¥©£ $••∞ 7°¥•≤ .!$7 £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ∞°¥®∑°π °Æ§ ≥¥≤•Æߥ® ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• °§∂•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ض §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫•≥ ∑®Ø≥• ≥ص≤£• ©≥ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ ¢π .§ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞•≥ ¥≤°£• •¨•≠•Æ¥ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ≠°ßÆ•¥©£≥ 4®• .Ø≤¥® !¥¨°Æ¥©£ ®°≥ ≥¥≤ØÆß ¨©¥®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ §µ• ¥Ø πصÆß ∂ب£°Æ©£≥ ©Æ )£•¨°Æ§ °Æ§ °Æ£©•Æ¥ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ £≤µ≥¥ ©Æ '≤••Æ¨°Æ§ 4®• ≠ا•≤Æ ∂©ßØ≤ص≥ $••∞ 7•≥¥•≤Æ "صƧ°≤π #µ≤≤•Æ¥ •¶¶•£¥©∂•¨π §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥•≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•≥• ¥•≤≤°Æ•≥ ®Ø≤©∫ØÆ¥°¨¨π °¨ØÆß ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑)∞°¥® ض .!$7 "•£°µ≥• ¥®• ¶©Æ•≤ ≥©∫• ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥•§ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ¥®°Æ £Ø°≤≥• ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶©Æ• )£•¨°Æ§©£)§•≤©∂•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °¨ØÆß ¥®• $7"# ≤•¶¨•£¥≥ §••∞ Ø£•°Æ £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ∞°¥®∑°π ≥¥≤•Æߥ® °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ©Æ∞µ¥7• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ° £Ø≠∞≤•®•Æ≥©∂• §°¥° ≥•¥ ض .§ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞•≥ 2%% £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ≠°ßÆ•¥©£ ≠©Æ•≤°¨Øßπ ØÆ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ J .Ø≤¥® !¥¨°Æ¥©£ £Ø≤•≥ ∑®©£® ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≥•∞°≤°¥•§ ©Æ¥Ø D §©≥¥©Æ£¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°©Æ)≥©∫• ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ /)J ^≠ J)/ ^≠ /)./ ^≠ µ∞ ¥Ø J/)DG ^≠ ß≤°Æµ¨Ø≠•¥≤©£°¨¨π £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ ¢π #ص¨¥•≤ #صƥ•≤ °Æ§ 3%- &Ø≤ ¥®• (بأ•Æ• ≥°≠∞¨•≥ °Æ§ ∞•≤©Ø§≥ ض ¶°≥¥ £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ¥®• $7"# £Ø≤•)≥©¥•≥ ®°∂• ° ®©ß® )£•¨°Æ§©£ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ©Æ ¥®•©≤ ¶©Æ•≥¥ ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ∑®©£® ∑°≥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥•§ ß≤•°¥ §©≥¥°Æ£•≥ ¢π ≥¥≤ØÆß £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ∑®©¨• ¥®• £Ø°≤≥•≤ ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ¨Ø£°¨¨π §•≤©∂•§ $•ß¨°£©°¨ ¥©≠•≥¨©£•≥ ≥®Ø∑ ≠°≤´•§ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• .§ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞©£ ≥∞•£¥≤° °£≤Ø≥≥ ß≤°©Æ)≥©∫•≥ ∑©¥® ≥∞°¥©°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ©Æ§©£°¥©∂• ض ≥¨Ø∑•≤ £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ Ø≤ ß≤•°¥•≤ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ©Æ∞µ¥

3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π °Æ§ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π ض ¥®• 0•≤≠©°Æ ©Æ .Ø≤¥®•≤Æ )≤•¨°Æ§* 2Ø¢•≤¥ 2°©Æ• °Æ§ $•≤•´ 2•°π '3.) $µÆ§ØÆ°¨§ (ص≥• 5∞∞•≤ .•∑¥Ø∑Æ°≤§≥ 2Ø°§ "•¨¶°≥¥ "4 ,3"

≤Ø¢ ≤°©Æ•$•£ØÆØ≠πAÆ© ßØ∂ µ´

4®• ,°≤Æ• °Æ§ ,ص߮ .•°ß® ¢°≥©Æ≥ ©Æ .Ø≤¥®•≤Æ )≤•¨°Æ§ £ØÆ¥°©Æ ¥®©£´ -•≥Ø∫Ø©£ ¥Ø #•ÆØ∫Ø©£ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ 4®• 0•≤≠©°Æ °ß•§ ≤Ø£´≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• ∂ب£°Æ©£≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ •∂°∞Ø≤©¥•≥ ©Æ •∏£•≥≥ ض . ´≠ ¥®©£´ )Æ ¥®• §••∞•≥¥ ∞°≤¥≥ ض ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ≥ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ ∑•¨¨≥ ®°∂• ÆØ¥ ¶µ¨¨π ∞•Æ•¥≤°¥•§ ¥®• ¢°≥• ض ¥®• 0•≤≠©°Æ ≥¥≤°¥° 4®• £ØƧ•Æ≥•§ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ≥•£¥©ØÆ °¥ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ∞°µ£©¥π ض §••∞ ¢Ø≤•®Ø¨•≥ ®°≥ ¨•§ ¥Ø £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ≥ ¢•©Æß ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠°¥©£ )Æ ¥®• °¢≥•Æ£• ض ≤•¨©°¢¨• £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ¢•¥∑••Æ ∑•¨¨≥ ° Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£°¨ Æ°≠•≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ∞°≥¥ )Æ °¨¨ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• 0•≤≠©°Æ ض .Ø≤¥®•≤Æ )≤•¨°Æ§ ©≥ §©∂©≥©¢¨• ©Æ¥Ø ¥∑Ø ß≤ص∞≥ ° ¨Ø∑•≤ %ƨ•≤ '≤ص∞ %°≤¨π 0•≤≠©°Æ °Æ§ °Æ µ∞∞•≤ "•¨¶°≥¥ '≤ص∞ ,°¥• 0•≤≠©°Æ 4®• %ƨ•≤ '≤ص∞ ©≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ¢π ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¢≤•££©°≥ °Æ§ £ØÆߨØ≠•≤°¥•≥ ∑©¥® ∂ب£°Æ©£≥ ∞≤Ø∂•Æ ©Æ ¥®• ≠©§§¨• ض ¥®• ,°≤Æ• "°≥©Æ 4®• %ƨ•≤ '≤ص∞ ©≥ µÆ£ØƶØ≤≠°¢¨π Ø∂•≤¨°©Æ ¢π ¥®• "•¨¶°≥¥ '≤ص∞ ∑®©£® £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ ≠µ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥ ض ¥®• -°ßÆ•≥©°Æ ,©≠•≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ ¨Ø£°¨¨π ¥®©£´ •∂°∞Ø≤©¥•≥ ®°¨©¥• °Æ§ °Æ®π§≤©¥• 4Ø §°¥• ¥®•≤• ®°∂• ¢••Æ ÆØ §•¥°©¨•§ ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£°¨ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ض 0•≤≠©°Æ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ .Ø≤¥®•≤Æ )≤•¨°Æ§ °Æ§ ¥®•≤• °≤• ≥∞°≤≥• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ° ¥®≤•• ≠•¥≤• £Ø≤• ©Æ ¥®• ,°≤Æ• .Ø. ∑•¨¨ °Æ§ ° Æ©Æ• ≠•¥≤• £Ø≤• ©Æ ¥®• .•∑≠©¨¨ .Ø ∑•¨¨ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ° ≤•∂©≥•§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π ¶Ø≤ ¥®• 0•≤≠©°Æ ض ¥®• ,°≤Æ• °Æ§ ,ص߮ .•°ß® ¢°≥©Æ≥ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ Æ•∑ ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£°¨ °Æ§ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π §°¥° °Æ§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• %°≤¨π 0•≤≠©°Æ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ %°≤¨π 0•≤≠©°Æ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ©Æ ¥®•≥• ¢°≥©Æ≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ßØا ¥°≤ß•¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ≥ Ø≤ §••∞ ß•Ø¥®•≤≠°¨ •∏∞¨Ø≤°¥©ØÆ

--

$•ß¨°£©°¨ ®©≥¥Ø≤π ض ¥®• !Æ∂•≤≥ 0°¨°•Ø/)£• 3¥≤•°≠ 4≤ص߮. ∑•≥¥•≤Æ !Æ¥°≤£¥©£ 0•Æ©Æ≥µ¨°

:Ø“ 2Ø≥•¢π 5 *°≠•≥ 3≠©¥® . #¨°µ≥)$©•¥•≤ (©¨¨•Æ¢≤°Æ§ . -°¥¥®©•µ #°≤¥©ßÆπ G 2Ø¢•≤¥ ,°≤¥•≤ . +•¨¨π (Øß°Æ . '•≤®°≤§ +µ®Æ J 0•¥•≤ 4°¨¨©Æß G %≥¥®•≤ 3µ≠Æ•≤ 

3 /£•°Æ °Æ§ %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3ص¥®°≠∞¥ØÆ 3/3 ,:( 5+ . "≤©¥©≥® !Æ¥°≤£¥©£ 3µ≤∂•π (©ß® #≤Ø≥≥ -°§©Æߨ•π 2Ø°§ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #", D%4 5+ , $µ≤®°≠ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 3¥Ø£´¥ØÆ 2Ø°§ $µ≤®°≠ $(3 ,,% 5+  !¨¶≤•§ 7•ß•Æ•≤ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ¶Ø≤ 0ب°≤ °Æ§ -°≤©Æ• 2•≥•°≤£® =!7)> "≤•≠•≤®°∂•Æ '•≤≠°Æπ

∫ ≤Ø≥•¢π$ÆØ£ ≥Ø¥ØÆ °£ µ´

4Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ ¥®• ¶µ¥µ≤• ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ ض ∞ب°≤ ©£• ≥®••¥≥ ©Æ ° ∑°≤≠©Æß ∑Ø≤¨§ ©¥ ©≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ®Ø∑ ©£• ≥®••¥≥ °Æ§ ©£• ≥¥≤•°≠≥ ≤•≥∞ØƧ ¥Ø £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ £¨©≠°¥• °Æ§ ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ "π ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©Æß ¥®• £°µ≥• °Æ§ ≥¥π¨• ض ©£• ≥¥≤•°≠ ≤•¥≤•°¥ ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß ¥®• ,°≥¥ '¨°£©°¨ -°∏©≠µ≠ ,'-+ £° .G)- ´° "0 ∑• £°Æ ß°©Æ ° ß≤•°¥•≤ ©Æ≥©ß®¥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ¶µ¥µ≤• §πÆ°≠©£≥ ض ≠ا•≤Æ §°π ©£• ≥®••¥≥ )¥ ©≥ ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨• ¥Ø °£®©•∂• ≥µ£® ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ≥ ¢π ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ,'- °Æ§ ¥®• ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ §•ß¨°£©°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ∞ب°≤ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥®•¨∂•≥ 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ¶Ø£µ≥•≥ ØÆ ¥®• §•ß¨°£©°¨ ®©≥¥Ø≤π ض ¥®• !Æ∂•≤≥ 0°¨°•Ø))£• 3¥≤•°≠ 4≤ص߮ ∑•≥¥•≤Æ !Æ¥°≤£¥©£ 0•Æ©Æ≥µ¨° ≥®•¨¶ 3•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥π∞•≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ §µ≤©Æß ©£• ≥¥≤•°≠ ≤•¥≤•°¥ °≤• §©¶¶©£µ¨¥ ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥ °Æ§ °≥ ° £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ£• ¥®• ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ ¨•§ ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©≥ ض¥•Æ £®°¨¨•Æß©Æß 4®©≥ ©≥ §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ °Æ§ ®©ß®¨π ∂°≤©°¢¨• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ Ø££µ≤≤©Æß ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ¥Ø ¥®• ß≤صƧ©Æß ¨©Æ• ض ©£• ≥¥≤•°≠≥ 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ∑©¨¨ µ¥©¨©≥• ° ≠µ¨¥©)∞≤Ø∏π °∞∞≤Ø°£® ¥Ø °Æ°¨π≥• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶°£©•≥ ∞≤اµ£•§ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ,'- ¥®• ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ §•ß¨°£©°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ µÆ§•≤ ∞Ø≥¥)ߨ°£©°¨ ≥•°≥ØÆ°¨¨π Ø∞•Æ)≠°≤©Æ• £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ $©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ °≤• ¶Ø≤≠•§ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ß≤صƧ©Æß ¨©Æ• ض °Æ ©£• ≥¥≤•°≠ °Æ§ ¥®• Ø∞•Æ ≠°≤©Æ• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ∑®•Æ °Æ ©£• ≥®•¨¶ ©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ Ø≤ °¢≥•Æ¥ 4®• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®•≥• ¥≤°Æ≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ £Ø≤•≥ £°Æ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ¥®• ≥¥π¨• ض ≤•¥≤•°¥ 3µ¢)©£• ≥®•¨¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ¨Ø∑ ¢©Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ §µ• ¥Ø ≤•§µ£•§ ∞®Ø¥Ø≥πÆ¥®•≥©≥ °Æ§ ¨Ø∑ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• )Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ∞≤Ø∏©•≥ ¶Ø≤ ∞≤©≠°≤π ∞≤اµ£¥©∂©¥π ®°∂• ¢••Æ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≥®Ø∑ ¥®• °¢≥•Æ£• ض °Æ ©£• ≥®•¨¶ ©Æ ¥®• ≠©§ ¥Ø ص¥•≤)¥≤ص߮ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ¨°≥¥ §•ß¨°£©°¥©ØÆ )≠∞≤Ø∂©Æß Øµ≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß °¥ ¥®• ¥©≠• ض ©£• ≥¥≤•°≠ ≤•¥≤•°¥ ∑©¨¨ µ¨¥©≠°¥•¨π ®•¨∞ ¥Ø ¥•≥¥ °Æ§ ©≠∞≤Ø∂• ©£•)≥®••¥ ≠ا•¨≥ °©≠©Æß ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ ¥®• ¶µ¥µ≤• §πÆ°≠©£≥ ض ©£• ≥®••¥≥

-©∏©Æß ©Æ °∏©≥π≠≠•¥≤©£ ß≤°∂©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ 0••≤°§ØÆ 3°≠°≥©≤© °Æ§ !Ƨ≤•∑ 7 7Øا≥ "0 )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• -°§©Æߨ•π 2§ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #", D%:

∞≥*,2$£°≠ °£ µ´

4®• •Æ¥≤°©Æ≠•Æ¥ ض °≠¢©•Æ¥ ¶¨µ©§ ©Æ¥Ø °Æ °∏©≥π≠≠•¥≤©£ ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ©≥ •∏°≠©Æ•§ ©Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π 4®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ©≥ ∞≤اµ£•§ ¢π ° ≤°∞©§ ≤•¨•°≥• ض ° ¶©Æ©¥• ∂بµ≠• ض °±µ•Øµ≥ ≥°¨¥ ≥بµ¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ¨Ø£´ ¨•Æߥ®  ©Æ¥Ø ° §©∂•≤ß©Æß £®°ÆÆ•¨     ¶©¨¨•§ ∑©¥® ° ¶©Æ©¥• §•∞¥®  ض ¶≤•≥® ∑°¥•≤ 4®©≥ ≤•≥•≠¢¨•≥ ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ß≤°∂©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• °¢≥•Æ£• ض ° £Øƶ©Æ•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ∑®•Æ ¥®•π •∏©¥ ° ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• £°ÆπØÆ ¥Ø °Æ °¢π≥≥°¨ ∞¨°©Æ %∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ µ≥©Æß §π• ¥≤°£•≤≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®• §•Æ≥• ¶¨µ©§ ≤•°£®•≥ ¥®• ÆØ≥• ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ ≤©≥•≥ µ∞ ≠©∏•≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• °≠¢©•Æ¥ °Æ§ ≠Ø∂•≥ ¢°£´∑°≤§≥ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¥Ø ¥®• ÆØ≥• ¶Ø≤≠©Æß ° £©≤£µ¨°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ®•°§ ≤•ß©ØÆ 4®• •∂ب∂©Æß §•Æ≥©¥π °Æ§ ¥®• ∂بµ≠• ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ °≤• ≠•°≥µ≤•§ µ≥©Æß ° ¨©ß®¥ °¥¥•Æµ°¥©ØÆ ¥•£®Æ©±µ• 7• ¶ØµÆ§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ∂بµ≠• ض ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ß≤Ø∑≥ §µ• ¥Ø ≠©∏©Æß ∑©¥® ¥®• °≠¢©•Æ¥     °≥      ∑®©¨• ¥®• ≠°∏©≠µ≠ §•∞¥® §•£≤•°≥•≥ °≥   ! " ∑®•≤•  ©≥ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ÆØ≥• &≤Ø≠ ¥®•≥• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ∑• •≥¥©≠°¥• ¥®°¥ ≤•£©≤£µ¨°¥©Æß £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¶¨µ©§ ≠©∏•≥ ∑©¥® ° ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ # $   %  & ض ¥®• °≠¢©•Æ¥ ¶¨µ©§ ¥®°¥ ©≥ §©≤•£¥¨π °®•°§ ض ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ °Æ§ §©≥∞¨°£•§ µ∞∑°≤§≥ ¢π ©¥ 4®• ¶≤ØÆ¥ ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ¶ØµÆ§ ¥Ø °§∂°Æ£• °≥   !' %   " ( ∑®•≤•  ©≥ ¥®• ¥Ø¥°¨ ¢µØπ°Æ£π ض ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑ 7• ¶µ≤¥®•≤ §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ¥®• ≠°∏©≠µ≠ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¨ ض ¥®• ¢µØπ°Æ£π ) * + ¥Ø ≠•°≥µ≤• ¥®• §©¨µ¥©ØÆ ≤°¥• °Æ§ ¶ØµÆ§ ©¥ ¥Ø §•£≤•°≥• °≥ ) * +     !'& %   " ∑®©£® ©≥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥•Æ¥ ∑©¥® ¥®• &≤ص§• Ƶ≠¢•≤ •≥¥©≠°¥•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®•≥• £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ 4®• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ °≤• £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ∑©¥® ° Æ•∑ ©§•°¨©≥•§ ≥•¨¶)≥©≠©¨°≤ ≥بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §•∞¥®)°∂•≤°ß•§ •±µ°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ °££ØµÆ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®©≥ ≠©∏©Æß ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ≥®•°≤ ©Æ ¥®• ∂•¨Ø£©¥π °Æ§ ¥®• ¨°¥•≤°¨ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¢µØπ°Æ£π ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥

//

4®• &¨µ∂©°¨ !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ض ¥®• 0≤©£• 2©∂•≤ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. -•≥°∂•≤§• '≤ص∞. "ØØ´ #¨©¶¶≥. 5¥°®. 5*3*!* 3°≤ØÆ©. *µ≥¥©Æ° **  (°≤¥¨•π !§≤©°Æ * (Ø∑•¨¨ *Ø®Æ °Æ§ /∑•Æ !≠°Æ§° $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ !". ,5% 5 +

™™≥°≤ØÆ©$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

4®• 0≤©£• 2©∂•≤ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ØÆ• ض ° Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ¥®• #°≠∞°Æ©°Æ)°ß•§ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• -•≥°∂•≤§• '≤ص∞ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ©Æ ¥®• "ØØ´ #¨©¶¶≥ 5¥°® 4®• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ض ¥®©≥ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ¥Ø ¢• D./ ¶¥ ¢•¥∑••Æ #°≥¥¨•ß°¥• 3°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• °Æ§ .Ø≤¥® .Ø≤Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °¨ØÆß ¥®• 0≤©£• 2©∂•≤ #°ÆπØÆ 4®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ¨°¥•≤°¨¨π °≠°¨ß°≠°¥•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¢•¨¥≥ °Æ§ ≥•∞°≤°¥•§ ¢π ∞ØØ≤¨π •∏∞Ø≥•§ ¶¨Øا ∞¨°©Æ ©Æ ∂°≤π©Æß ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ 6°≤©°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ ض ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °¨¨Ø∑ °Æ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø £ØÆ¥≤ب¨©Æß ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¢°≥• ¨•∂•¨ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ©≥ ¶Ø£µ≥©Æß ØÆ ¥®• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ∞°¨•Ø£µ≤≤•Æ¥ §°¥° ∑©¥® ¥®• °©≠ ض £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥©Æß ¥®• ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ¥®°¥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ≥°Æ§ ¢Ø§π §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ! Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ¨Øßß•§ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ∞®Ø¥Ø ∞°Æ•¨≥ ∑•≤• ¥°´•Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ∑•¨¨)•∏∞Ø≥•§ ص¥£≤Ø∞≥ °¨ØÆß ¥®• 0≤©£• 2©∂•≤ #°ÆπØÆ °Æ§ Æ•°≤¢π £°ÆπØÆ≥ °Æ§ £≤••´≥ ! ≥•≤©•≥ ض ∑•¨¨)¨Øß £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ∞°Æ•¨≥ ¶≤Ø≠ £Ø°¨ ¢•§ ≠•¥®°Æ• ∑•¨¨≥ §≤©¨¨•§ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• ≥¥µ§π °≤•° ∑•≤• £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥•§ °Æ§ °¨¨Ø∑ ¥®• §©≤•£¥ £°¨©¢≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ص¥£≤Ø∞ §°¥° ¥Ø ¥®• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• 4®• §°¥° ß°¥®•≤•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ص¥£≤Ø∞≥ °Æ§ ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ©≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ©Æ §•¶©Æ©Æß ¥®• ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©Æ $©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©∂• &¨µ∂©°¨ 3π≥¥•≠ $&3 £ØÆ¥•∏¥ )Æ©¥©°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π °≠°¨ß°≠°¥•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¢•¨¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®• µ∞∞•≤ ∞°≤¥ ¢π ©≥ب°¥•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ °Æ§ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ¶°£©•≥ 4®• #®°ÆÆ•¨ °Æ§ ©Æ)£®°ÆÆ•¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ ∑•≤• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ 4®• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ °≤• §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ≠•§©µ≠)ß≤°©Æ•§ £≤Ø≥≥¢•§§•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ∑®•≤•°≥ ≠°≥≥©∂• ≠µ§M≥©¨¥ °Æ§ ∂•≤π ¶©Æ• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ∑©¥® ∞°¨•Ø≥ب ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ∑•≤• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ 4®• µ∞∑°≤§ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ض ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ ¥®• §•£≤•°≥• ض ¥®• £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶°£©•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ∞≤Ø¢°¢¨π §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ¢°≥• ¨•∂•¨ £®°Æß• 4®©≥ £°Æ •∏∞¨°©Æ ¥®• ≤•¥≤Øß≤°§©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ¥®°¥ £ØƶØ≤≠≥ ¥Ø •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ $&3 ≠ا•¨

"≤•°£®©Æß &°©¨µ≤• ض 5Ƨ•≤∑°¥•≤ 3•§©≠•Æ¥ %≠¢°Æ´≠•Æ¥≥ *Ø°Æ° 3©¨∂°  *Ø≤©≥ %ßß•Æ®µ©≥•Æ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø≥£©•Æ£•≥ 5¥≤•£®¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π (•©§•¨¢•≤ߨ°°Æ . ,2D@ 4# 5¥≤•£®¥

™ ≤ ≥©¨∂°$µµ ƨ

3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ≥¨Ø∞• ¶°©¨µ≤• ©≥ °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠ ¥®°¥ ≤•¨•°≥•≥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ≥¥Ø≤•§ ØÆ ¥®• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥®•¨¶ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• §••∞ ≥•° '≤°Æµ¨°≤ ≠°¥•≤©°¨≥ °≤• ´ÆØ∑Æ ¥Ø £®°Æß• ∂بµ≠• ∑®•Æ ≥®•°≤•§ 7®•Æ ¥®• ≥®•°≤•§ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ©≥ ≥°¥µ≤°¥•§ ∑©¥® ° ¶¨µ©§ ¥®• £®°Æß• ©Æ ∂بµ≠• ©≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ¶¨µ©§ ≠Ø¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞Ø≤• ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• ß≤°§©•Æ¥≥ 3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ≥¨Ø∞• ¶°©¨µ≤• £°Æ ØÆ¨π ¢• ¥≤•°¥•§ ¢π £Ø≠¢©Æ©Æß ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ض µÆ§•≤∑°¥•≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∑©¥® ß•Ø¥•£®Æ©£°¨ ¥≤•°¥≠•Æ¥ ض •≠¢°Æ´≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¶¨µ©§ ¶¨Ø∑ ©Æ ∞Ø≤ص≥ ≠•§©° 4®• ∞µ≤∞Ø≥• ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ©≥ ¥Ø •∏∞°Æ§ ¥®• ´ÆØ∑¨•§ß• ØÆ ¥®• ≠•£®°Æ©£≥ ض ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ≥¨Ø∞• ¶°©¨µ≤• °Æ§ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ®Ø∑ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• ≤•¨•°≥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®• ©Æ©¥©°¨ ≥Ø©¨ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ° §≤°≠°¥©£ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ©Æ ¥®• ∑°π ° ¶¨Ø∑ ≥¨©§• ≥¥°≤¥≥ &°©¨µ≤•≥ £°Æ ¢• ¥≤©ßß•≤•§ ©Æ ¨ØØ≥• ≥°Æ§ ¥®≤ص߮ ¨©±µ•¶°£¥©ØÆ Ø≤ ©Æ §•Æ≥•≤ ≥°Æ§ ∑®•≤• ¶¨Ø∑ ≥¨©§•≥ ≠©ß®¥ ¢• ©Æ©¥©°¥•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ¢≤•°£®©Æß £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫•§ ¢π ≥¨Ø∑ ≤•¨•°≥• ض ≥°Æ§ ß≤°©Æ≥ "≤•°£®©Æß •∂•Æ¥≥ °≤• £ØÆ≥©§•≤•§ ¥®• ∞≤©≠• ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠ ¥Ø ≤•¨•°≥• ≥°Æ§ ¶≤Ø≠ •≠¢°Æ´≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥ص≤£• ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠ ض ≥µ≥¥°©Æ•§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ! ≥•¥ ض •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ©≥ ∞•≤¶Ø≤≠•§ ©Æ ¥®• %µ≤Ø¥°Æ´ &¨µ≠• ,°¢Ø≤°¥Ø≤π 5¥≤•£®¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ¥Ø ≥¥µ§π •≤Ø≥©ØÆ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥°Æ§ §µ≤©Æß ¢≤•°£®©Æß ¶°©¨µ≤• 0≤•∂©Øµ≥ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ®°∂• ≥©≠∞¨©¶©•§ µÆ§•≤∑°¥•≤ •≠¢°Æ´≠•Æ¥≥ ƕߨ•£¥©Æß ¥®• •¶¶•£¥ ض §•∞Ø≥©¥ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ £¨°π ¨°≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ 4®•≤•¶Ø≤• ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °Æ§ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ض ¥®• •≠¢°Æ´≠•Æ¥ °≤• £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ®°Æ§¨• ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®•≥• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ 7• ∑©¨¨ ¶Ø£µ≥ ØÆ ¥®• •∏£•≥≥ ∞Ø≤• ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• ¥®°¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ¥®• ≥¨Ø∞• ¶°©¨µ≤• ¥®• ≤•¥≤•°¥©Æß ∂•¨Ø£©¥π ض ¥®• ¢≤•°£®©Æß ¶≤ØÆ¥ °Æ§ ¥®• ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ∞°≤¥©£¨• ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ß≤°∂©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¥≤°∂•¨¨©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ¢≤•°£® ≥µ≤¶°£• ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ 4®• Æ•ß°¥©∂• •∏£•≥≥ ∞Ø≤• ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• ß≤°§©•Æ¥≥ ≠°π ¢•£Ø≠• ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥¨π ¨°≤ß• ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ∂•≤¥©£°¨ ¶°©¨µ≤• ¶°£•≥ ©Æ ÆØÆ)£Ø®•≥©∂• µÆ)£•≠•Æ¥•§ ¶©Æ• ¥Ø ∂•≤π)¶©Æ• ß≤°©Æ•§ ≥°Æ§ 3¨Ø∞• ¶°©¨µ≤•≥ ©Æ §©¨°¥©∂• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ °≤• °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠ ØÆ ¥®• ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ØÆ ¥®• %°≤¥® ≥µ≤¶°£•

/

#Ø≥≠Øß•Æ©£ Ƶ£¨©§• £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ .•Øß•Æ• ≤©∂•≤≥ ض ¥®• '≤•°¥ 0¨°©Æ≥ ≤•∂•°¨ ¥®• •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥¥Ø≤°ß• °Æ§ ≤•£π£¨©Æß

(µß® 3©Æ£¨°©≤ 5 &©Æ 3¥µ°≤¥ . ,ص©≥• -£#°ÆÆ  °Æ§ :µ© 4°Ø 

3 4®• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠ . 35%2# %°≥¥ +©¨¢≤©§• 5Æ©¥•§ +©ÆߧØ≠

®µß® ≥©Æ£¨°©≤$•§ °£ µ´

4®• ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• §µ≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ Æ•°≤ ≥µ≤¶°£• ≤•≥©§•Æ£• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°©Æ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•£Ø≤§ ®°≥ ®µß• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ '•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ µ≥©Æß £Ø≥≠Øß•Æ©£ Ƶ£¨©§•≥ ®°≥ •Æ°¢¨•§ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ °§∂°Æ£•≥ ©Æ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®•©≤ ≤°§©Øß•Æ©£ ®°¨¶)¨©¶• ≠•°Æ≥ ¥®•π °≤• ÆØ¥ ≥µ©¥°¢¨• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•£Ø≤§ )Æ≥¥•°§ ∑• ®°∂• °∞∞¨©•§ ¥®• ≥¥°¢¨• £Ø≥≠Øß•Æ©£ Ƶ£¨©§• ض . .• ¥Ø ±µ°≤¥∫) ≤©£® ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥Ø ¥®• ≤©∂•≤≥ ¥®°¥ ®°∂• §≤°©Æ•§ ¥®• ≥ص¥®•≤Æ 2Ø£´©•≥ §µ≤©Æß .•Øß•Æ• ¥©≠•≥ 4®• .•Øß•Æ• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ ض .•¢≤°≥´° ≤•£Ø≤§ ≤©∂•≤≥ ¥®°¥ ¶¨Ø∑ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 2Ø£´©•≥ •°≥¥∑°≤§≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞© 4®©≥ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ≤•£Ø≤§≥ •∞©≥ا•≥ ض ©Æ£©≥©ØÆ °Æ§ °ßß≤°§°¥©ØÆ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ¥©¨¥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ D ¥Ø J -° °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥• £®°Æß• 7• ≥°≠∞¨•§ ±µ°≤¥∫©¥• ∞•¢¢¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ 5∞∞•≤ -©Ø£•Æ• 0¨©Ø£•Æ• °Æ§ ≠ا•≤Æ ≤©∂•≤ £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ ض ¥®• .Ø≤¥® 0¨°¥¥• °∞∞≤Ø∏©≠°¥•¨π J// ´≠ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•©≤ ≠صƥ°©Æص≥ ≥ص≤£• 4®• ±µ°≤¥∫©¥• ©≥ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ° ≥©Æߨ• •∏∞Ø≥µ≤• ض ¥®• -•§©£©Æ• "Ø∑ ±µ°≤¥∫©¥•≥ ©Æ 7πØ≠©Æß 4®• £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ض . .• ©Æ ∞•¢¢¨•≥ CJ// ´≠ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•©≤ ≥ص≤£• °≤• £Ø≤≤•£¥•§ ¶Ø≤ ¢Ø¥® ÆØÆ)£Ø≥≠Øß•Æ©£ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ °¥ ≥ص≤£• "°≥•§ ØÆ J/ °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ض ∞•¢¢¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•≥• ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ∑• §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• ¥®°¥ °∞∞≤Ø∏©≠°¥•¨π ®°¨¶ ض ¥®• ∞•¢¢¨•≥ ≤•£Ø≤§ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ •∏£•≥≥ . .• ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ≥¥Ø≤°ß• °Æ§ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ©Æ§©£°¥©Æß ° ≠©∏©Æß Ø¶ ¶©≤≥¥ ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≤•£π£¨•§ ∞•¢¢¨•≥ ¥®≤ص߮ص¥ ¥®• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• ¥®• Ƶ≠¢•≤≥ °Æ§ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ض •∏£•≥≥ . .• ©Æ ¥®• ∞•¢¢¨•≥ °≤• £Ø≠∞°≤°¢¨• ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ¥®≤•• ¥©≠• ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨≥ ©Æ§©£°¥©Æß ¨©¥¥¨• £®°Æß• ©Æ ¥®• •∏¥•Æ¥ ض ≥¥Ø≤°ß• °Æ§ ≤•£π£¨©Æß Ø¶ ≤©∂•≤ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¨°¥• -©Ø£•Æ• ¥Ø ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ 4®•≥• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ °∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥¥°¢¨• £Ø≥≠Øß•Æ©£ Ƶ£¨©§•≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≤•£Ø≤§ °Æ§ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¥Ø ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ©Æ ص≤ °¢©¨©¥π ¥Ø ±µ°Æ¥©¶π ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≤ص¥©Æß ≥π≥¥•≠≥

)≠°ß• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¶¨µ∂©Ø/¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥. %°≥¥ !¶≤©£°Æ 2©¶¥- ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ¥Ø ≤©¶¥ ≥¥°ß• $°∂©§ 3Ø≠•≤∂©¨¨•. .©ß•¨ -صƥƕπ ,µ£° #بØ≠¢•≤° &¨µ∂©°¨ E %ب©°Æ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥

••§≥$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

#ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≤©¶¥≥ °≤• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ °≤•°≥ ض °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ &¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °≤• ≠°™Ø≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®•≥• ≥•¥¥©Æß≥+ ¥®•©≤ °≤≤°Æß•≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ ©≥ ßØ∂•≤Æ•§ ©Æ ∞°≤¥ ¢π £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≤©¶¥)¢°≥©Æ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ ¢µ¥ °¨≥Ø ¢π Ø¥®•≤ °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ •ß £¨©≠°¥• °Æ§ °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ •ß §•¨¥°)¨Ø¢• ≥∑©¥£®©Æß !¨¥®Øµß® ≠°Æπ ±µ°¨©¥°¥©∂• ≠ا•¨≥ §•≥£≤©¢©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °Æ§ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠ ©Æ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥•§ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π ÆØ ≥π≥¥•≠°¥©£ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•≥ ®°≥ ®©¥®•≤¥Ø ¢••Æ µÆ§•≤¥°´•Æ ¶Ø≤ ¥®•≥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ ≤©¶¥ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ µ≥©Æß ° ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ°¨ §°¥°¢°≥• °∞∞≤Ø°£® 4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π °©≠≥ ¥Ø £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥• ∂°≤©°¢©¨©¥π ض ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π •∏∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©Ø)¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≤©¶¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ©Æ©¥©°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø §•°¥® !¨¥®Øµß® °•≤©°¨ ∞®Ø¥Øß≤°∞®π ≥°¥•¨¨©¥• ©≠°ß•≤π °Æ§ §©ß©¥°¨ •¨•∂°¥©ØÆ §°¥° °≤• ∑©§•¨π µ≥•§ ©Æ ߕبØß©£°¨ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ©¥ ©≥ Øƨπ ©Æ ≤•£•Æ¥ π•°≤≥ ¥®°¥ ߨآ°¨)≥£°¨• ®©ß®)±µ°¨©¥π ©≠°ß•≤π °Æ§ •¨•∂°¥©ØÆ §°¥° ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≠°§• °∂°©¨°¢¨• ¢π ≤•≥ص≤£•≥ ≥µ£® °≥ 'ØØߨ• %°≤¥®p 4®©≥ ®°≥ °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¶Ø≤ ≥π≥¥•≠°¥©£ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¶Ø≤≠µ¨°¥• ° ߨآ°¨ §°¥°¢°≥• ض °£¥©∂• £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≤©¶¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ (•≤• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ض °Æ ©≠°ß•)¢°≥•§ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• %°≥¥ !¶≤©£°Æ 2©¶¥ 3π≥¥•≠ %!23 °≤• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ¥Ø §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥ ¥®• ∑©§• ≤°Æß• ض ¶¨µ∂©Ø)¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©•≥ ©Æ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≤©¶¥≥ °¥ ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ≥¥°ß•≥ ض §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ '•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≠°∞≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥•§ ¥Ø §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ≥ °£≤Ø≥≥ ≤©¶¥ ¢°≥©Æ≥ $°¥°≥•¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ ¥Ø £°¥•ßØ≤©∫• °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ °Æ§ °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ¥®°¥ ßØ∂•≤Æ ≥π≥¥•≠ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ ´•π ¥Ø ∑®©£® ©≥ ≤©¶¥ ≥¥°ß• ©Æ©¥©°¥©ØÆ ¨©Æ´°ß• £¨©≠°∏ §•°¥® ! §°¥°¢°≥• °∞∞≤Ø°£® ©≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≤•¨°¥• ≥π≥¥•≠ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ ¥Ø ¢°≥©Æ ¥π∞• 2•≥µ¨¥©Æß ≠ا•¨≥ ض ≤©¶¥ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °≤• ¢•©Æß µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ ∞°¨°•Ø)•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ° ≤°Æß• ض ¶¨µ∂©Ø)¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠ ¥π∞•≥ °≥ ≤©¶¥ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ •∂ب∂• 2•≥µ¨¥≥ ®°∂• ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥©Æß ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ض ¶¨µ∂©Ø)¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• Ø≤©ß©Æ ©Æ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≤©¶¥≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥®Ø≥• ض ¥®• ,°´• !¨¢•≤¥ 2©¶¥ 5߰Ƨ° °Æ§ ¥®• 3ص¥® ,Ø´©£®°≤ "°≥©Æ +•Æπ°

/.

,Ø≥¥ ©Æ ¥≤°Æ≥¨°¥©ØÆ& "≤©§ß©Æß ¥®• ß°∞ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¨°¢ °Æ§ ¶©•¨§C £Ø≠∞°≤°¥©∂• ≥¥µ§©•≥ ض ¶¨µ≠• ¥°Æ´ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ≥¥µ§©•≥ 3∞π£®°¨°. 9*4  0Ø®¨ & §• ,••µ∑ * 4©¨≥¥ØÆ - °Æ§ %ßß•Æ®µ©≥•Æ *4 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 5¥≤•£®¥ ,2@ #3 5¥≤•£®¥ .,

π ¥ ≥∞π£®°¨°$µµ ƨ

4µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ °≤• °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ °ß•Æ¥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥®•¨¶ ¥Ø ¥®• °¢π≥≥°¨ ∞¨°Æ• !≥ §©≤•£¥ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ≤°≤• ص≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®•≥• £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ §•∞•Æ§≥ ¨°≤ß•¨π ØÆ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ °Æ§ ¶©•¨§ ≥¥µ§©•≥ 7®©¨• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ •Æ°¢¨• ¥®• ≥¥µ§π ض ¶¨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ °Æ§ ≥¥°ß•≥ ض •≤Ø≥©ØÆ °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¥®•©≤ ¥≤°Æ≥¨°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• ¨°≤ß• ≥£°¨•≥ ض Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©≥ ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠°¥©£ /µ¥£≤Ø∞ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ∞•≤≠©¥ ¥®• °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ §©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥µ≤¢©§©¥• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥Ø ¢• °≥≥•≥≥•§ ¢µ¥ §πÆ°≠©£ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ ≥®°∞•§ ¥®• ≥¥°¥©£ ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ ®°∂• ¥Ø ¢• ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ∞°≤¥¨π ≥∞•£µ¨°¥©∂• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©∂• ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´≥ !≥ §©≤•£¥ ¥≤°Æ≥¨°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ¶¨µ≠•)¥°Æ´ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ ∂©£• ∂•≤≥° °≤• ÆØ¥ ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨• §µ• ¥Ø ¥®•≥• §©¶¶•≤•Æ£•≥ ©Æ £Ø≠∞¨•∏©¥©•≥ ض ¥®• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ £Ø≠∞°≤°¥©∂• ≥¥µ§©•≥ Æ••§ ¥Ø  £®ØØ≥• ¥®• °∞∞≤Ø∞≤©°¥• ≥£°¨©Æß °∞∞≤Ø°£® ¶Ø≤ ¥®• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ . ¶Ø£µ≥ ØÆ Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ¥≤•Æ§≥ •ß ß≤°©Æ)¶°¢≤©£ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ©Æ ≥©≠©¨°≤ ¶©Æ•M£Ø°≤≥• ß≤°©Æ•§ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ≤°¥®•≤ ¥®°Æ °¢≥بµ¥• ±µ°Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ≥ 4µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ ∞≤اµ£• £•≤¥°©Æ ß≤°©Æ)¶°¢≤©£ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ¥≤•Æ§≥ §•∞•Æ§©Æß ØÆ ¥®•©≤ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ¥Ø∞Øß≤°∞®π ¥®•π ©Æ¥•≤°£¥ ∑©¥® 4®•≥• ¥•∏¥µ≤°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• ≥µ¢)•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ £°Æ ¢• £Ø≠∞°≤•§ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•§ ¢•¥∑••Æ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ¶©•¨§ 7®©¨• ≥¥©¨¨ ©Æ ©¥≥ ©Æ¶°Æ£π ¥®©≥ °∞∞≤Ø°£® ®°≥ ≥®Ø∑Æ ∞≤Ø≠©≥©Æß ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ¶Ø≤  £®°ÆÆ•¨)¨•∂•• £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °Æ§ . §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞°¥¥•≤Æ≥ °¥ ¥®• ¢≤•°´)ض)≥¨Ø∞• 4®• ≠°©Æ °§∂°Æ¥°ß• ض ¥®©≥ ≠•¥®Ø§Ø¨Øßπ ©≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥°¨ ∑Ø≤´ °¨¨Ø∑≥ µ≥ ¥Ø ≥π≥¥•≠°¥©£°¨¨π ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• •¶¶•£¥≥ ض £®°Æß©Æß ° ≥©Æߨ• ∂°≤©°¢¨• •ß ≥¨Ø∞• °Æߨ• ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ∑®©¨• ص¥£≤Ø∞ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ≥•≤∂• °≥ ∂°¨©§°¥©ØÆ ¥Øب ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≠ا•¨¨•§ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ /Æ£• ∂°¨©§°¥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ¢°≥©≥ ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ¥®• ¨©Æ´≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®•≥• ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• £°Æ ¢• ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥•§ ≠Ø≤• ≤©ßØ≤ص≥¨π 4®• µ¨¥©≠°¥• ßØ°¨ ض ¥®©≥ ©≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ ¥Øب≥ ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥0  ¶¨Ø∑ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ض ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥+ . ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∞°≤¥©¥©ØÆ©Æß °Æ§ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ ∂بµ≠•≥ ©Æ ≠ا•≤Æ °Æ§ °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥

#¨©ÆضØ≤≠ §•ß≤°§°¥©ØÆ. ≠°≥≥/¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ G-4#H •≠∞¨°£•≠•Æ¥. °Æ§ ¥®• ®•°¨©Æß Ø¶ ص¥•≤/≥®•¨¶ ≤•¨©•¶- ° :$ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≤•¶¨•£¥©ØÆ £°≥• ≥¥µ§π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 3°Æ¥Ø≥ "°≥©Æ. ض¶≥®Ø≤• "≤°∫©¨

-©£®°•¨ 3¥•∂•Æ¥ØÆ 5 #®≤©≥¥Ø∞®•≤ !), *°£´≥ØÆ  $°∂©§ - (اß≥ØÆ .

3 "°≥©Æ≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ ="2'> $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• E %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• 0≤©Æ£• #ØÆ≥Ø≤¥ 2Ø°§ ,ØƧØÆ 37 ."0 5+ . 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+

≠©£®°•¨ ≥¥•∂•Æ¥ØÆ3,$©≠∞•≤©°¨ °£ µ´

3•§©≠•Æ¥ ©≥ ¥π∞©£°¨¨π §•¨©∂•≤•§ ¥Ø ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ≥¨Ø∞•≥ ¢π ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∑°∂•) ¥©§•) °Æ§ ≤©∂•≤)∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ ∞≤Øß≤°§• °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ≥¨Ø∞• ¥Ø ¥®• ≥®•¨¶ •§ß• °Æ§ ≥¥≤©´•)¶•§ ≥¨Ø∞• ¢•¨¥≥ "Ø¥® ض ¥®•≥• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ §≤©∂• ¥®• £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤Øß≤°§°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ≥¨Ø∞• §•ß≤°§°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £Ø¨¨°∞≥• ©≥ °¨≥Ø ° £Ø≠≠ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ØÆ ≠°Æπ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥¨Ø∞• ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ ≤•≠Ø¢©¨©≥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥¨π §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ≠°¥•≤©°¨ §Ø∑Æ ≥¨Ø∞• /µ≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ®Ø∑ ¥®•≥• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ∂°≤π ©Æ ¥©≠• °Æ§ ≥∞°£• °Æ§ ®Ø∑ ¥®•π £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥• ¥Ø ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ß≤•°¥¨π •Æ®°Æ£•§ ¢π ¶©•¨§)¢°≥•§ ≥¥µ§©•≥ #Ø≠≠Øƨπ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®•≥• ≥¥µ§©•≥ °≤• ¨©≠©¥•§ ¥Ø Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¢≤Ø°§¨π ¥∑Ø)§©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ص¥£≤Ø∞ ¢•¨¥≥ (•≤• ∑• µ≥• ° G$ ≥•©≥≠©£ ≤•¶¨•£¥©ØÆ ≥µ≤∂•π ¨Ø£°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• 3°Æ¥Ø≥ "°≥©Æ ض¶≥®Ø≤• "≤°∫©¨ ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• ≤ب• ¥®°¥ ص¥•≤ ≥®•¨¶)¥Ø)µ∞∞•≤ ≥¨Ø∞• £Ø¨¨°∞≥• ≠°≥≥)¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ -4# •≠∞¨°£•≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ ≥¨Ø∞• ≤••≥¥°¢¨©≥®≠•Æ¥ ®°∂• ØÆ ≠°≤ß©Æ ∞≤Øß≤°§°¥©ØÆ 4®•≥• §°¥° ©≠°ß• ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض •°≤¨π 0°¨°•Øß•Æ• ≥ص¥®)•°≥¥∑°≤§ ∞≤Øß≤°§©Æß £¨©ÆضØ≤≠≥ 0•≤©Ø§©£°¨¨π ¨°≤ß• ¥≤°£¥≥ ض ¥®• ص¥•≤)≥®•¨¶)¥Ø)µ∞∞•≤ ≥¨Ø∞• £Ø¨¨°∞≥•§ ¶Ø≤≠©Æß ° ≥¥≤ØÆߨπ ≥£°¨¨Ø∞•§ ≠°≤ß©Æ -°≤ß©Æ £Ø¨¨°∞≥• ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• •≠∞¨°£•≠•Æ¥ ض °¥ ¨•°≥¥ ¥∑Ø ≥¨Ø∞•)°¥¥°£®•§ -4#≥ ØÆ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ¢°≥©Æ¶¨ØØ≤ 4®• ¢°≥°¨ ≥µ≤¶°£• ض ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤ -4# ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π §••∞ £ / ≠ ≥¨Ø∞• ∞°≤°¨¨•¨ ß≤ØØ∂•≥ ∑®•≤•°≥ ≠Ø≤• ©≤≤•ßµ¨°≤ ≤•¨©•¶ §•¶©Æ•≥ ¥®• ¥Ø∞ ض ¥®• £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥• -4# ¢Ø§π 7©¥®©Æ ¥®• -4#≥ ∑• ©§•Æ¥©¶π ° ≤°Æß• ض ´©Æ•≠°¥©£ ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤≥ ©Æ§©£°¥©∂• ض •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¢Ø§π ض ¥®• ∞°≤•Æ¥ ¶¨Ø∑ §µ≤©Æß ¥≤°Æ≥¨°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °≤≤•≥¥ -°≤ß©Æ £Ø¨¨°∞≥• ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ¥®• ص¥•≤ ≥®•¨¶)¥Ø)µ∞∞•≤ ≥¨Ø∞•+ ¥®©≥ °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ®•°¨•§ ¢π £¨©ÆضØ≤≠≥ ¥®°¥ Ƶ£¨•°¥•§ °¥ ¥®• ®•°§∑°¨¨ ≥£°≤∞ °Æ§ ∞≤Øß≤°§•§ ¢°≥©Æ∑°≤§ §Ø∑ƨ°∞∞©Æß ØÆ¥Ø ¥®• µÆ§•≤¨π©Æß -4#≥ 7• ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ Ƶ≠•≤ص≥ §•ß≤°§°¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ §≤©∂• Æ•¥)∞≤Øß≤°§°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≠°≤ß©Æ≥ °Æ§ ¥®°¥ G$ ≥•©≥≠©£ §°¥° ©≥ ° ´•π ¥Øب ©Æ §Ø£µ≠•Æ¥©Æß ¥®• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ∞≤اµ£¥≥

/G

4®• •¶¶•£¥≥ ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ØÆ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ض ° ≠•§©°¨ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©∂• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ص¥£≤Ø∞. 5∞∞•≤ *µ≤°≥≥©£. #بØ≤°§Ø

!¨©≥¥°©≤ 3∑°Æ  !§≤©°Æ (°≤¥¨•π !≠°Æ§° /∑•Æ *Ø®Æ (Ø∑•¨¨ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ E 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض !¢•≤§••Æ !¢•≤§••Æ !". ,5% 5+

° ≥∑°Æ$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

4®• 5∞∞•≤ *µ≤°≥≥©£ 3°¨¥ 7°≥® §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©∂• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ $&3 •∏∞Ø≥•§ ©Æ ≥ص¥®•≤Æ 5¥°® °Æ§ ∑•≥¥•≤Æ #بØ≤°§Ø ©≥ °∞∞≤Ø∏©≠°¥•¨π ==/ ´≠ ©Æ ¨•Æߥ® °Æ§ £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ £¨•°≤ ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ≠•§©°¨ °Æ§ §©≥¥°¨ ¶°£©•≥ 4®• ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥π≥¥•≠ £Ø≠∞≤©≥•≥ Ø∂•≤

$©°ß•Æ•¥©£ •∂°¨µ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 0°ÆÆØÆ©°Æ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• -°´ı 4≤ص߮. ≥ص¥®•°≥¥•≤Æ (µÆß°≤π

%≠•≥• 3∫˚£≥ 5 2°≥¥©≥¨°∂ -©¨Ø∂≥´Ć . 3µ≥°ÆÆ• '©•≤ G +©Æß° (©∞≥  /≤≥بπ° 3∫¥°Æı J

3 -4!A%,4% '•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ '•Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ °Æ§ 3∞°£• 3£©•Æ£•≥ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ (µÆß°≤©°Æ !£°§•≠π ض 3£©•Æ£•≥ °¥ %¯¥∂¯≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 333 "µ§°∞•≥¥ 0º∫≠ºÆπ 0œ¥•≤ ≥ 3T£ (µÆß°≤π . %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ض ¥®• 3¨Ø∂°´ !£°§•≠π ض 3£©•Æ£• "°Æ≥´º "π≥¥≤©£° Lµ≠¢©•≤≥´° 3 , 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 6©•ÆÆ° $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø§πÆ°≠©£≥ °Æ§ 3•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ !¨¥®°Æ≥¥≤°≥≥• 3 !A3D+D 6©•ÆÆ°  %¯¥∂¯≥ ,Ø≤ºÆ§ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض 0®π≥©£°¨ °Æ§ !∞∞¨©•§ '•Ø¨Øßπ 333 "µ§°∞•≥¥ 0º∫≠ºÆπ 0œ¥•≤ ≥ 3T£ (µÆß°≤π

≠•≥•≥∫Ø£≥$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

4®• -°´ı 4≤ص߮ ©≥ ¥®• §••∞•≥¥ ≥µ¢)¢°≥©Æ ض ¥®• 0°ÆÆØÆ©°Æ "°≥©Æ !≥ ° ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨• ≥®°¨• ß°≥ °Æ§ ¥©ß®¥ ß°≥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ ¥®• °≤•° ∑°≥ •∏∞¨Ø≤•§ ¢π ≥•∂•≤°¨ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ £Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ )Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ∑• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¥®• ∞≤•¨©≠©Æ°≤π ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ØÆ ¥®• §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ®©≥¥Ø≤π °Æ§ ¥®• ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ≥®°¨•≥ 0•¥≤Øß≤°∞®©£ Ø∞¥©£°¨ ≠©£≤Ø≥£Ø∞π #, ¢¨µ• ¨©ß®¥ ≠©£≤Ø≥£Ø∞π °Æ§ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ ≠•¥®Ø§≥ 3%-)%$8 7$8 / °Æ§ # ≥¥°¢¨• ©≥Ø¥Ø∞•≥ ∑•≤• °∞∞¨©•§ ØÆ £Ø≤• ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ض -°´ı)< ∑•¨¨ GJ/) =J<- ≠ 0≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ∑®©£® ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¥®• ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑•≤• £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ £•≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ≤•∞¨°£•≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ §©≥≥بµ¥©ØÆ 4®• ≠Ø≥¥ £Ø≠≠ØÆ §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ °≤• £°≤¢ØÆ°¥•≥ ÆØÆ)¶•≤≤Ø°Æ °Æ§ &•)¢•°≤©Æß £°¨£©¥• §Ø¨Ø≠©¥• °Æ§ °Æ´•≤©¥• £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ ´°Ø¨©Æ©¥• ≠©∏•§ ¨°π•≤ ©¨¨©¥•)≥≠•£¥©¥• °Æ§ £®¨Ø≤©¥• °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ≥©¨©£°¥•≥ ±µ°≤¥∫ °Æ§ ¶•¨§≥∞°≤ )Æ©¥©°¨ £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ °Æ§ §µ£¥©¨• ß≤°©Æ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ °¨≥Ø ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•≥ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π 4®• ∂بµ≠•¥≤©£°¨¨π ≠Ø≥¥ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ §©°ß•Æ•¥©£ ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ °≤• £°¨£©¥• °Æ§ £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ 4®• ∞•¥≤Øß≤°∞®π ض £°¨£©¥• ©≥ ∂°≤©°¢¨• ¢≤©ß®¥ Ø≤°Æß• ¥Ø §µ¨¨ ≤•§ ¨µ≠©Æ•≥£•Æ£• £Ø¨Ø≤ ∞Ø≤•)¶©¨¨©Æß £•≠•Æ¥ ≤•∞¨°£©∂• ∞®°≥•≥ ∑®©£® °≤• Ø££°≥©ØÆ°¨¨π ≥£°¥¥•≤•§ ©Æ ¥®• ≠°¥≤©∏ 4®• YG #)0$" ∂°¨µ•≥ ض £°¨£©¥• ≤°Æß• ¶≤Ø≠ < s ¥Ø )== s ∑®©¨• Y /)0$" ∂°¨µ•≥ ≤°Æß• ¶≤Ø≠ /= s ¥Ø )- s ÆØ §•∞¥® ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥≤•Æ§ ∑°≥ Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ 4®•≥• §°¥° ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ £°¨£©¥• Ø££µ≤≥ ©Æ ≠Ø≤• ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ©• •Øß•Æ•¥©£ ∞≤•)£Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ≠•≥Øß•Æ•¥©£ ∞Ø≥¥)£Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ°¨ +°Ø¨©Æ©¥• ©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ©Æ ≠Ø¥¥¨•≥ ©Æ ≥©∫• ≥©≠©¨°≤ ¥Ø §•¥≤©¥°¨ ß≤°©Æ≥ ∑®•≤• ≤•≠Æ°Æ¥≥ ض ¶•¨§≥∞°≤≥ £°Æ ¢• ≥••Æ 4®©≥ ©Æ§©£°¥•≥ ¶•¨§≥∞°≤ °¨¥•≤°¥©ØÆ ∂©° ©Æ¶¨µ∏ ض ∑°¥•≤ ≤©£® ©Æ Ø≤ß°Æ©£ §•≤©∂•§ £°≤¢ØÆ §©Ø∏©§• 3•£ØƧ°≤π ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π £°Æ ¢• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥•≥ °Æ§ ¶•¨§≥∞°≤≥ °¥ ≥Ø≠• ¨•∂•¨≥ £°µ≥©Æß ¥®• ©≠∞≤Ø∂•≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ±µ°¨©¥π

/J

(©ß®/¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• ≥©¨©£° ≠°¥µ≤°¥©ØÆ £°µ≥•≥ ÆØÆ/•±µ©¨©¢≤©µ≠ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞• ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ°¥©ØÆ ¢•Æ•°¥® ¥®• %¨ )Ƨ©Ø ∞°¨•Ø¶µ≠°≤ب•- ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ §©°ß•Æ•≥©≥

$Ø≠©Æ©±µ• 4°ÆÆ•≤ 5.?  2©£®°≤§ 7 (•Æ¨•π . *Ø®Æ ! -°∂≤Øß•Æ•≥ . 0•¥•≤ (ب§•Æ . °Æ§ 4•≤≤•Æ£• 0 -•≤Æ°ß® .G

3 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® E /£•°Æ 3£©•Æ£•≥ #°≤§©¶¶ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π -°©Æ "µ©¨§©Æß 0°≤´ 0¨°£• #°≤§©¶¶ #&3D ,!4 . 2•≥•°≤£® 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ !µ≥¥≤°¨©°Æ .°¥©ØÆ°¨ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π #°Æ¢•≤≤° !#4 D.DD !µ≥¥≤°¨©° , '•Ø≥£©•Æ£• !µ≥¥≤°¨©° '0/ "Ø∏ ,@ #°Æ¢•≤≤° !#4 .*DD !µ≥¥≤°¨©°

§Ø≠ ¥°ÆÆ•≤$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

4®©≥ ≥¥µ§π µ≥•§ ©Æ ≥©¥µ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ ≠©£≤Ø°Æ°¨π¥©£°¨ ¥•£®Æ©±µ•≥ W ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂• ®©ß® ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ©ØÆ ≠©£≤Ø∞≤Ø¢• ¶Ø≤ ≥¥°¢¨• ©≥Ø¥Ø∞•≥ 3(2)-0 3) =<Æ≠ ¨°≥•≤ °¢¨°¥©ØÆ ©Æ§µ£¥©∂•¨π £Øµ∞¨•§ ≠°≥≥ ≥∞•£¥≤Ø≠•¥≤π ,!))#0)-3 £°¥®Ø§Ø¨µ≠©Æ•≥£•Æ£• ©≠°ß©Æß °Æ§ •¨•£¥≤ØÆ ≠©£≤Ø∞≤Ø¢• •¨•≠•Æ¥ ≠°∞≥ W ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¥®• £®•≠©£°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥≤°£• •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ Ø∏πß•Æ ©≥Ø¥Ø∞•≥ ©Æ ±µ°≤¥∫ §µ≤©Æß ®©ß® ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• ≥©¨©£° ≠°¥µ≤°¥©ØÆ ¢•Æ•°¥® ¥®• %¨ )Ƨ©Ø ¶Ø≥≥©¨ ¶µ≠°≤ب• ≥π≥¥•≠ ©Æ #®©¨• #¨µ≥¥•≤≥ ض ±µ°≤¥∫ ≠©£≤Ø£≤π≥¥°¨≥ ¶≤Ø≠ %¨ )Ƨ©Ø ∞≤•≥•≤∂• ≤•≥©§µ°¨ ≠•¥°≥¥°¢¨• ≥©¨©£° ®π§≤°¥•≥ °Æ§ ≤•£Ø≤§ ¥®• ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂• ≠°¥µ≤°¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ °≠Ø≤∞®Øµ≥ ≥©¨©£° ®π§≤°¥• G.)DGP ( ./ ¥Ø £≤π∞¥Ø£≤π≥¥°¨¨©Æ• Ø∞°¨ _ ≠Øß°Æ©¥• °Æ§ •∂•Æ¥µ°¨¨π ¥Ø °Æ®π§≤ص≥ §Øµ¢¨•)¥•≤≠©Æ°¥•§ ±µ°≤¥∫ ≠©£≤Ø£≤π≥¥°¨≥ !≥ ¥®• ≥©¨©£° ∞بπ≠Ø≤∞®≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ £≤π≥¥°¨¨©Æ©¥π ∑°¥•≤ ©≥ ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂•¨π ≤•¨•°≥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• ض ≥©¨©£° ®π§≤°¥•≥ 4®©≥ ∞≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂• §•®π§≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥©¨©£° ∞بπ≠Ø≤∞®≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ©Æ ÆØÆ)•±µ©¨©¢≤©µ≠ ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ Y  / °≥ D / ©≥ ∞≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨¨π •Æ≤©£®•§ ©Æ ¥®• ¨©¢•≤°¥•§ ¶¨µ©§ ¥®µ≥ ≤•≥©§µ°¨ °Æ®π§≤ص≥ ±µ°≤¥∫ ©≥ •Æ≤©£®•§ ©Æ Y  / !Æ®π§≤ص≥ •µ®•§≤°¨ ±µ°≤¥∫ £≤π≥¥°¨≥ °≤• ∂•≤π ≥≠°¨¨ T.=/`≠).=≠≠ ¢µ¥ ≤•£Ø≤§ £Ø≠∞¨•∏ Ø≥£©¨¨°¥Ø≤π ∫ØÆ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ Y  / ¶≤Ø≠ GD)D.s _ /=s °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ Ø≥£©¨¨°¥Ø≤π ∫ØÆ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ + °Æ§ !¨ /Æ• G//`≠ £≤π≥¥°¨ £ØÆ¥°©Æ•§ ° Y  / ≤°Æß• ¶≤Ø≠ GD)JGs .Ø £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ¶ØµÆ§ ¢•¥∑••Æ Y  / °Æ§ !¨ Ø≤ + £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ض ¥®• ±µ°≤¥∫ ®Ø≥¥ ¥•∏¥µ≤• Ø≤ §©≥¥°Æ£• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• £≤π≥¥°¨ ≤©≠ %¨ )Ƨ©Ø ©≥ ° µ≥•¶µ¨ £°≥• ≥¥µ§π ¢•£°µ≥• ®•≤• ≥©¨©£° ®π§≤°¥• ∑°≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ° ¶••§•≤ ∫ØÆ• ¢•Æ•°¥® ° ¶Ø≥≥©¨ ¶µ≠°≤ب• ¶©•¨§ °¥ TJ/)D/ Ø# W ≥Ø ¥®• ≥π≥¥•≠ ∑°≥ Øƨπ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ¥Ø ®©ß® ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤•≥ °££•¨•≤°¥©Æß ≥©¨©£° ≠°¥µ≤°¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ ° ¢≤©•¶ ∞•≤©Ø§ ض ¥©≠• ¥®•Æ ±µ•Æ£®•§ °¨¨Ø∑©Æß ≤•≥©§µ°¨ ≥©¨©£° ®π§≤°¥•≥ ¥Ø ¢• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ !≥ ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• ØÆ¨π °¶¶•£¥≥ ¥®• ≤°¥• ض ≠°¥µ≤°¥©ØÆ ¥®•≥• §°¥° °©§ ص≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• £®•≠©£°¨ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¥®°¥ Ø££µ≤ §µ≤©Æß ¨Ø∑)¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• ≥©¨©£° §©°ß•Æ•≥©≥ °≥ ∑•¨¨

#≤©¥•≤©° ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≤•£ØßÆ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥£°¨ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ ©¥≥ ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π. ©Æ≥©ß®¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¶©•¨§∑Ø≤´/ ¢°≥•§ ≥¥µ§©•≥. -Ø≤©¨¨Ø °Æ§ 'µ°≥Ø 3π≥¥•≠≥. !©Æ≥° ¢°≥©Æ. 3∞°©Æ *Ø®Æ 4Ø≤¨•π $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ =5#,> ,ØƧØÆ 7#3% *"4 5+

™≠¥+.3DD$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

! Æ•∑ °∞∞≤Ø°£® ¥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¶°Æ≥ ©≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥©§•≤ ¥®• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ£• ض §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨ °Æ§ ≥µ¢£≤©¥©£°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ 0≤•∂©Øµ≥ ∑Ø≤´ ®°≥ ≥µßß•≥¥•§ ¥®°¥ ¶Ø≤ ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ≥¨Ø∞•≥ ∑©¥® ß≤°§©•Æ¥≥ ض C /= ° £Ø≠≠ØÆ ¥Ø ≠°Æ𠧕•∞)∑°¥•≤ ≥¨Ø∞•≥ £ØÆ¥°©Æ °¢µÆ§°Æ¥ •∂©§•Æ£• ض ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ 2•£•Æ¥¨π ¥®• £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•°¶¨ØØ≤ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥® Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ °Æ§ ∞®π≥©£°¨ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ®°≥ ≤•∂•°¨•§ ¥®°¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ß≤°∂©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ض¥•Æ £ØÆ¥°©Æ ¥®• §•≥£≤©¢•§ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ ∞≤Ø∏©≠°¨ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ≠Ø≥¥ §••∞) ∑°¥•≤ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ•≥ °≤• ≤ص¥©Æ•¨π ≠ا•¨¨•§ µ≥©Æß ¥®• "ص≠° ≥•±µ•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥•≥ ∑®©£® ¶°©¨ ¥Ø ©Æ£Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥• ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ≥µ£® °≥ °Æ¥©§µÆ•≥ £®µ¥•≥ °Æ§ ∞Øب≥ °Æ§ £π£¨©£ ≥¥•∞≥ )Æ ¨©ß®¥ ض ¥®©≥ ¶©•¨§∑Ø≤´ ©Æ ¥®• -©§§¨• %Ø£•Æ• !©Æ≥° ¢°≥©Æ ∑°≥ µÆ§•≤¥°´•Æ ∞≤Ø∂©§©Æß ∑Ø≤¨§ £¨°≥≥ G)§©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ص¥£≤Ø∞≥ !≤صƧ =/// ¢•§≥ ©Æ ¥®• -Ø≤©¨¨Ø °Æ§ 'µ°≥Ø ≥π≥¥•≠ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≠•°≥µ≤•§ ©Æ §•¥°©¨ ∞°π©Æß ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ ض ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ¢•§≥ !Æ°¨π≥•≥ ض ¥®©≥ §°¥° ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ °Æ§ ¶°£©•≥ ©Æ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ¢•§≥ °Æ§ ¢•§≥•¥≥ £°Æ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠ ° £≤©¥•≤©° ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ∞•≤£≤©¥©£°¨ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ 3µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥¨π ¥®• ≥µ¢£≤©¥©£°¨ ¢•¶Ø≤≠≥ £°Æ ¢• ≤••∂°¨µ°¥•§ '•Ø≥¥°¥©≥¥©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®•≥• ¢•§≥ °Æ§ ¢•§¶Ø≤≠≥ ©≥ µÆ§•≤¥°´•Æ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• £Ø°≤≥•)ß≤°©Æ•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∑©¥® °Æπ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨π ≤•¨°¥©Æß ¥Ø ¶¨Ø∑ ®π§≤اπÆ°≠©£≥ ©Æ©¥©°¨ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ∂بµ≠•≥ °Æ§ ≥ص≤£• ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ض ¥®©≥ ≤•≥•°≤£® ∑©¨¨ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥• ¥Ø °Æ ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©Æ §••∞)≠°≤©Æ• ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °Æ§ §©≤•£¥¨π ¢•Æ•¶©¥ ¥®• ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¢π ∞≤Ø∂©§©Æß ¢•¥¥•≤ £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ∞≤•§©£¥ §••∞)∑°¥•≤ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ £Ø≠∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤•

/=

-©Æ•≤°¨ ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥•≥ ©Æ ≠ا•≤Æ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥- £≤π≥¥°¨¨©¥•≥. ≥∞®•≤Ø©§≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≤ب• ض %03

-°µ≤©£• 4µ£´•≤ 5 %§Ø°≤§Ø 0•≤≤© . -©≤•´ 3¨Ø∑°´©•∑©£∫ G &©ØÆ° 7®©¥°´•≤  °Æ§ ,•ØÆ "Ø∑•Æ J

3 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض "≤©≥¥Ø¨ 5+ . $©∞°≤¥©≠•Æ¥Ø 3£©•Æ∫• §•¨¨° 4•≤≤° 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥ª §•¨¨° #°¨°¢≤©° )¥°¨π , 3£®Øب ض #®•≠©≥¥≤π 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض "≤©≥¥Ø¨ 5+  3£®Øب ض 0®π≥©£≥ $µ≤®°≠ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π 5+

≠°µ≤©£• ¥µ£´•≤$¢≤©≥¥Ø¨ °£ µ´

2•∞Ø≤¥≥ ض §Ø¨Ø≠©¥• Ø££µ≤≤©Æß ∑©¥®©Æ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ ≤•¨°¥• ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ °£¥©∂©¥©•≥ °Æ§ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ %03 ≠µ£©¨°ß• /¥®•≤ ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥•§ ©Æ£¨µ§• £°¨£©¥• ¨Ø∑)-ß ®©ß®)-ß ∂•≤π ®©ß®)-ß °≤°ßØÆ©¥• £¨°π ≠©Æ•≤°¨≥ °Æ§ ∞π≤©¥• )Æ ≠ا•≤Æ ®©ß®)©Æ¥•≤¥©§°¨ ≠©£≤Ø¢©°¨ ≠°¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ 1°¥°≤ 4%- °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ≥®Ø∑≥ ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥©ØÆ ¢•ß©ÆÆ©Æß ©Æ ¥®• ¥Ø∞≠Ø≥¥ ¨°π•≤ ∑©¥® °Æ °≠Ø≤∞®Øµ≥ -ß)3©)#° ≠°¥•≤©°¨ ¶Ø≤≠©Æß ∑©¥®©Æ %03 °≤صƧ ¢°£¥•≤©° 7©¥® ¥©≠• °Æ§ §•∞¥® ض ¢µ≤©°¨ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≠°¥ ¥®©≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞≥ ©Æ¥Ø -ß)3© £¨°π ¶©¢≤•≥ °Æ§ #°)-ß)#/ G £≤π≥¥°¨¨©¥•≥ #°¨£©¥• £≤π≥¥°¨¨©¥•≥ ß≤Ø∑ ¶≤Ø≠ ° Æ°ÆØ)∞Ø©Æ¥ ض Ƶ£¨•°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¶Ø≤≠ £ØÆ©£°¨ ¢µÆ§¨•≥ ≥∞¨°π©Æß Øµ¥ ./)G/ Ø '≤Ø∑¥® ©Æ ¥∑Ø Ø≤ ≠Ø≤• §©≤•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¨•°§≥ ¥Ø §µ≠¢¢•¨¨ ¥Ø ≥¥•¨¨°¥• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ 4®• £ØÆ•≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞ ° ¥≤©°Æßµ¨°≤ °Æ§ ¥®•Æ ®•∏°ßØÆ°¨ ≥®°∞• °Æ§ •∂•Æ¥µ°¨¨π ¥•≤≠©Æ°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤≠ ¥Ø ß©∂• Æ°©¨)®•°§)¥π∞• ≤®Ø≠¢Ø®•§≤°¨ £°¨£©¥• £≤π≥¥°¨≥ =)G/ ≠©£≤ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¨•Æߥ® 3∞®•≤Ø©§°¨ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≠°¥ ∂°≤π ¶≤Ø≠ ∞•≤¶•£¥ ≥∞®•≤•≥ ¥Ø ≠Ø≤• £Ø≠≠ØÆ¨π ¢•©Æß ©≠∞•≤¶•£¥ °¨≠Ø≥¥ ∑©¥® ¶¨°¥ ≥©§•≥ °Æ§ •§ß•≥ ©Æ ≥Ø≠• £°≥•≥ £Ø°¨•≥£©Æß ¥Ø ¶Ø≤≠ £Ø≠∞صƧ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ 4®•≤• °∞∞•°≤ ¥Ø ¢• . ≥©∫•≥ Æ°ÆØ)≥∞®•≤•≥ °Æ§ ≠©£≤ØÆ)≥∞®•≤•≥ 4®• ¨°≤ß•≤ ≥∞®•≤Ø©§≥ /=). ≠©£≤ØÆ≥ O≠©£≤Ø∞•°≤¨≥I £Øµ¨§ ∑•¨¨ ¢• ∞•≤≠©Æ•≤°¨©≥•§ ¢°£¥•≤©°¨)°¨ß°¨ £•¨¨≥ Ø≤ £Ø££Ø©§ ¢°£¥•≤©° ¥®•≠≥•¨∂•≥ ∑®•≤•°≥ ≥≠°¨¨•≤ ØÆ•≥ /≥)//≥ ض Æ≠ ≠°π ¢• ∞•≤≠©Æ•≤°¨©≥•§ ∂©≤µ≥•≥ Ø≤ ¢°£¥•≤©°¨ ∂•≥©£¨•≥ Ø≤ ≥©≠∞¨π ¥®• ©Æ©¥©°¨ °≠Ø≤∞®Øµ≥ ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥•≥ ,Ø∑•≤ ©Æ ¥®• ≠°¥ ¶•¨¥•§ ¨°π•≤≥ ض ∞°¨πßØ≤≥´©¥•)¥π∞• ¶©¢≤•≥ ®°∂• °Æ µÆ§µ¨°¥©Æß ≥®••¥) ¨©´• ¶Ø≤≠ ≥©≠©¨°≤ ¥Ø %03 )Æ ¥®• 1°¥°≤ ≠°¥ §Ø¨Ø≠©¥• ©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °≥ ≠©£≤ØÆ)≥©∫•§ ≤®Ø≠¢≥ 4®• ≥ص≤£• ض ≥©¨©£° ¶Ø≤ ¥®• -ß)≥©¨©£°¥•≥ £Øµ¨§ ¢• ∑©Æ§) ¢¨Ø∑Æ §µ≥¥ Ø≤ §©°¥Ø≠≥ °Æ§ ¥®• -ß)#° ¶≤Ø≠ ≥•°∑°¥•≤ 3©¨©£° §©≥≥بµ¥©ØÆ)-ß ≥©¨©£°¥• ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £°≤¢ØÆ°¥• ∞≤•£©∞©¥°¥©ØÆ °≤• ¨©´•¨π ¥Ø ®°∂• ¢••Æ §≤©∂•Æ ¢π ∞()3))≤•§Ø∏ £®°Æß•≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≠°¥ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ≠©£≤Ø)•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ§µ£•§ ¢π ¥®• ≠©£≤Ø¢•≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ f%03 §•ß≤°§°¥©ØÆ

4®•≤≠°¨ ®©≥¥Ø≤π ≠ا•¨¨©Æß ©Æ °Æ •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ¢°≥©Æ

4µÆ∑°¨ -* 5.?  -µ¨£®≤ØÆ• +& . °Æ§ -••≤• 0! 

3 3£®Øب ض " % % 3  5## $©≥¥©¨¨•≤π &©•¨§≥ .Ø≤¥® -°¨¨ #Ø≤´ )≤•¨°Æ§ . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض !∞∞¨©•§ -°¥®•≠°¥©£≥ 5## 7•≥¥•≤Æ '°¥•∑°π "µ©¨§©Æß #Ø≤´ )≤•¨°Æ§

≠Ø®©¥¥µÆ∑°¨$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

4•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• ∞¨°π≥ °Æ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ≤ب• ©Æ ≠°Æπ ߕبØß©£°¨ ∞®•ÆØ≠•Æ° )Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¢°≥©Æ≥ ≠°¥µ≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≥ص≤£• ≤Ø£´≥ §•∞•Æ§≥ ØÆ ¥®• ¥•≠∞•≤°¥µ≤• ®©≥¥Ø≤π °¶¥•≤ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ 3•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥• ß•Ø¥®•≤≠°¨ ß≤°§©•Æ¥ °Æ§ §µ≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ °≤• ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ´•π ∞°≤°≠•¥•≤≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨©Æß ¥®• ¥®•≤≠°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ 4®• -£+•Æ∫©• ≠ا•¨ ©≥ ° ∑©§•¨π °££•∞¥•§ ≠ا•¨ ¶Ø≤ •∏¥•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ¢°≥©Æ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ∑®©£® £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ ¶Ø≤ •≥¥©≠°¥©Æß ∞Ø≥¥)≤©¶¥ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• °Æ§ ≤°¥• ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ )Æ ¥®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ ° Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≠ا•¨ ©Æ $ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ©≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥•§ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ -£+•Æ∫©•I≥ ≠ا•¨ °Æ§ °¨¨Ø∑≥ ¥®• •≥¥©≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¥®•≤≠°¨ •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø≥¥)≤©¶¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≤°¥• ض ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• 4®• ¶©Æ©¥• §©¶¶•≤•Æ£• ≠•¥®Ø§ ©≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≥ب∂• ¥®• ®•°¥ •±µ°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥≥ £≤µ≥¥ °Æ§ µ∞∞•≤ ≠°Æ¥¨• !¥ •°£® ¥©≠• ≥¥•∞ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• §µ• ¥Ø ¥®•≤≠°¨ ≤•¨°∏°¥©ØÆ ©≥ £°¨£µ¨°¥•§ °Æ§ °§§•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥π≥¥•≠ )Æ ¥®©≥ ∑°π ¥®• ß•Æ•≤°¨©≥•§ ≠Ø∂©Æß ¢ØµÆ§°≤π ¥®•≤≠°¨ §©¶¶µ≥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ ©≥ ≥ب∂•§ (•°¥ ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ §µ• ¥Ø ≤°§©Ø°£¥©∂©¥π ≠°π °¨≥Ø ¢• ¥°´•Æ ©Æ¥Ø °££ØµÆ¥ 4®• Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≠ا•¨ ∑®•Æ £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ¥®• -£+•Æ∫©• ≠ا•¨ ß©∂•≥ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ¨Ø∑•≤ ¥®•≤≠°¨ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• -°∏©≠µ≠ ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨• ¥®•≤≠°¨ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¥∑Ø ≠ا•¨≥ °≤• £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ∑©¥® ≤•≥∞•£¥ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥¥≤•¥£®©Æß ¶°£¥Ø≤ )¥ ≥®Ø∑≥ ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ®©ß®•≤ ≥¥≤•¥£®©Æß ©≥ ≤•±µ©≤•§ ¥Ø °£®©•∂• ¥®• ≥°≠• ¨•∂•¨ ض ¥®•≤≠°¨ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• ∑®•Æ £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ¥®• -£+•Æ∫©• ≠ا•¨ &Ø≤ •∏°≠∞¨• ©Æ ¥®• -£+•Æ∫©• ≠ا•¨ ° = ´≠ ض ¥®•≤≠°¨ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• ©≥ °£®©•∂•§ ∑©¥® ° ./P ≥¥≤•¥£®©Æß ∑®•≤•°≥ ¥®• Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ≠ا•¨ ≤•±µ©≤• J=/P !£´ÆØ∑¨•§ß•≠•Æ¥0 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ©≥ ¶µÆ§•§ ¢π ¥®• 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ )ƶ≤°≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤• 0≤Øß≤°≠≠• 0)0

/D

4®• •¶¶•£¥ ض •°≤¨π £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ØÆ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ß≤°©Æ/£Ø°¥©Æß £¨°π≥

6•≤®°ß•Æ. )*4*%  "µ¨¨Ø£´ 2 7Øب§≤©§ß• , '≤©¶¶©¥®≥ * 7Ø≤§•Æ 2 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,©∂•≤∞Øب $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® /£•°Æ E %£Ø¨Øß©£°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥  "≤Ø∑ƨØ∑ 3¥≤••¥ ,©∂•≤∞Øب ,*+ ,'0 5+

©≤©≥ ∂•≤®°ß•Æ$¨©∂•≤∞Øب °£ µ´

'≤°©Æ)£Ø°¥©Æß £¨°π≥ ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π £®¨Ø≤©¥• °≤• ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ∞•≤£•©∂•§ ¥Ø ∞¨°π ° ´•π ≤ب• ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π ©Æ §••∞¨π ¢µ≤©•§ ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ ¢π ∞≤•∂•Æ¥©Æß ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ±µ°≤¥∫ £•≠•Æ¥ 7•¨¨)´ÆØ∑Æ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض ¥®•≥• ®©ß®¨π ∞Ø≤ص≥ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ °≤• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ØÆ ¥®• .Ø≤∑•ß©°Æ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥®•¨¶ %°≤¨π §•¥≤©¥°¨ ß≤°©Æ)£Ø°¥©Æß £¨°π≥ °≤• ض¥•Æ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥•§ ¥Ø ¢• ∞≤•)£µ≤≥Ø≤≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®•≥• °µ¥®©ß•Æ©£ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π) ∞≤•≥•≤∂©Æß ß≤°©Æ)£Ø°¥©Æß £¨°π≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®• ≥¥°¢©¨©¥π ض ¢Ø¥® ¥®• §•¥≤©¥°¨ °Æ§ °µ¥®©ß•Æ©£ ß≤°©Æ)£Ø°¥©Æß≥ °Æ§ ®Ø∑ ¥®•π £°Æ ≥µ≤∂©∂• ¥Ø §••∞ ¢µ≤©°¨ §•∞¥®≥ ≤•≠°©Æ≥ ∞ØØ≤¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا 4®©≥ ©≥ •≥∞•£©°¨¨π ©≠∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¢•£°µ≥• ¥®• £Ø∂•≤°ß• ض ¥®• ß≤°©Æ)£Ø°¥©Æß £¨°π≥ ©≥ ´•π ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ ∞Ø≤Ø≥©¥π) ∞≤•≥•≤∂©Æß ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ )Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø ¢•¥¥•≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§ ¥®• •¶¶•£¥≥ ض •°≤¨π £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ØÆ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ß≤°©Æ)£Ø°¥©Æß £¨°π≥ ¥≤©)°∏©°¨ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ ¥•≥¥≥ ∑•≤• £°≤≤©•§ ص¥ ØÆ £¨°π)£Ø°¥•§ ≥µ≤¶°£• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 2°∂•Æߨ°≥≥ %≥¥µ°≤π ,°´• $©≥¥≤©£¥ 5+ 3©∏ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ¥°´•Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥∑Ø ≠µ§)¶¨°¥ ¨Ø£°¨©¥©•≥ ∑•≤• ∞≤•∞°≤•§ °Æ§ ¶Øµ≤ ض ¥®•≥• ∑•≤• ≥µ¢™•£¥•§ ¥Ø ÆØ≤≠°¨ ¨Ø°§≥ ض •©¥®•≤ TG -0° Ø≤ TD -0° ≤ص߮¨π £Ø≠∞°≤°¢¨• ¥Ø ¥®• ∞≤•≥≥µ≤•≥ °¥ ¢µ≤©°¨ §•∞¥®≥ ض <= ≠ °Æ§ G=/ ≠ ≤•≥∞•£¥©∂•¨π !¶¥•≤ ¥®• ¥≤©°∏©°¨ •∏∞•≤©≠•Æ¥≥ ¥®©Æ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ∑•≤• ∞≤•∞°≤•§ 3µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥•§ ض ≥¥°Æ§°≤§ °Æ§ ¢°£´≥£°¥¥•≤ ≠©£≤Ø≥£Ø∞π °Æ§ 3%-)%$3 °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ¥Ø ≥¥µ§π ¥•∏¥µ≤°¨ £®°Æß•≥4®• µÆ£Ø≠∞≤•≥≥•§ ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ≥®Ø∑ ∂•≤π ≥©≠©¨°≤ ß≤°©Æ)£Ø°¥©Æß £¨°π≥ °Æ§ ¥•∏¥µ≤•≥ ¥Ø ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥©≠©¨°≤ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• •≥¥µ°≤π ¥®°¥ ®°∂• ÆØ¥ ¢••Æ ≥µ¢™•£¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥°≠∞¨• ∞≤•∞°≤°¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ %°≤¨π ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ °¥ ¢µ≤©°¨ §•∞¥®≥ µ∞ ¥Ø G=/≠ ≠Ø≥¥ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ß≤°©Æ)£Ø°¥©Æß £¨°π≥ ≤•≠°©Æ ©Æ¥°£¥ ¢µ¥ ©Æ ≥Ø≠• £°≥•≥ £°Æ ¢≤•°´ µ∞ Ø≤ ¢•£Ø≠• §•¥°£®•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ±µ°≤¥∫ ß≤°©Æ≥ 4®•≥• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ®°∂• ©≠∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °µ¥®©ß•Æ©£ ß≤°©Æ)£Ø°¥©Æß £¨°π≥ °¥ §•∞¥® °Æ§ ¥®• ∞Ø¥•Æ¥©°¨ ض ¥®•≥• £¨°π≥ ¥Ø ∞≤•∂•Æ¥ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ±µ°≤¥∫ £•≠•Æ¥

'•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ ≥©ßÆ°¨≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® 1≠°≤©Æ• ¢°Æ§2 ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ,Ø∑•≤ #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ "Ø∑¨°Æ§ 3®°¨• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. .Ø≤¥®•≤Æ %Æߨ°Æ§*

*°£´ 7°¨´•≤  $≤ #••≥ 6°Æ $•≤ ,°Æ§ $≤ -°≤¥©Æ *ØÆ•≥ .•∑£°≥¥¨• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π

™ ∑°¨´•≤@$Æ•∑£°≥¥¨• °£ µ´

4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ¥®• Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≠°¥¥•≤ ±µ°¨©¥π °Æ§ ¥®•≤≠°¨ ≠°¥µ≤©¥π ض "Ø∑¨°Æ§ 3®°¨• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ "3& ≠°≤©Æ• ¢°Æ§≥ ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ ∞≤Ø≠Ø¥•§ ≠°≤©Æ• ¢°Æ§ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ /≤ß°Æ©£)≤©£® °Æ§ ßØÆ©°¥©¥•)≤©£® ≥Ø £°¨¨•§ c≠°≤©Æ• ¢°Æ§≥c °≤• µ≥•§ °≥ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≠°≤´•≤≥ ©Æ ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ £Ø≤• °Æ§ ≥Ø µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®•©≤ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ¥®°¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب ¥®•©≤ ¨°¥•≤°¨ •∏¥•Æ¥ ©≥ ÆØ¥ ∞µ≤•¨π ض °£°§•≠©£ •ß ∞°¨°•Ø£•°ÆØß≤°∞®©£ ¢µ¥ ض ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©Æ¥•≤•≥¥ !¥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ≠°≤©Æ• ¢°Æ§≥ °≤• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ µ≥©Æß ¥®•©≤ ßØÆ©°¥©¥• £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ !Ƨ≤•∑≥ ./G+ #®µ≤£® °Æ§ '°∑¥®Ø≤∞• --J+ 7°¥•≤≥ •¥ °¨ .//- °Æ§ ≠°π ¢• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ®©ß® ß°≠≠° ≥©ßÆ°¨≥ 4®• ≤•¨©°¢©¨©¥π ض ¢©Ø≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π °Æ§ ∞•¥≤Ø∞®π≥©£≥ ©≥ ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ ∑®•Æ µ≥•§ °¨ØÆß≥©§• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ß•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤π /≤ß°Æ©£ ß•Ø£®•≠©≥¥≤π £°Æ °¨≥Ø ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©Æ§©£°¥• ∑°¥•≤ £Ø¨µ≠Æ ≥¥≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ¥•≤≤©ß•Æص≥ ©Æ∞µ¥ ¢Ø¥¥Ø≠ ∑°¥•≤ ≤•§Ø∏ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ •Øß•Æ•¥©£ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ 0•¥•≤≥ °Æ§ -ب§Ø∑°Æ .//= ∑®•≤•°≥ ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ •∏¥•Æ¥ ≤°¥• ض •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≠•≥Øß•Æ•¥©£ £Ø≠∞°£¥©ØÆ )Æ≥©ß®¥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• £ØÆ¥≤ب¨©Æß ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ¥®°¥ ∞≤Ø≠Ø¥• ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥∑Ø Ø≤ ¥®≤•• ض ¥®•≥• "3& ≠°≤©Æ• ¢°Æ§≥ ∑©¨¨ °¨¨Ø∑ ®©ß® ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ £Ø≤≤•¨°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥°¥©ØÆ °£≤Ø≥≥ ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ -Ø≤• ¥®°Æ ØÆ• ≠°≤©Æ• ¢°Æ§ ≠µ≥¥ ¢• ≥¥µ§©•§ °≥ ©¥ ©≥ ¨©´•¨π ¥®°¥ •°£® ©≥ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨•§ ¢π ° Ƶ≠¢•≤ ض ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ¥Ø ∂°≤π©Æß §•ß≤••≥ 4®• ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• •∏¥≤°∞ب°¥•§ °Æ§ ∑©¨¨ ¢• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ¢•¥¥•≤ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥• ¥®• "Ø∑¨°Æ§ "°≥©Æ °≥ ° ∑®Ø¨• §µ≤©Æß ¥®• -©≥≥©≥≥©∞∞©°Æ 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• °©§≥ ∞≤•§©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¨°¥•≤°¨ •∏¥•Æ¥ ض Ø≤ß°Æ©£ ≠°¥¥•≤ ±µ°¨©¥π

/<

&¨µ∂©°¨ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ≥•°/¨•∂•¨ £®°Æß•- ≤•∂©≥•§ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≠ا•¨≥ ¶Ø≤ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¢°≥©Æ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥©£ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ 2µ 7°Æß  ,µ£° #بØ≠¢•≤° °Æ§ .©ß•¨ 0 -صƥƕπ &¨µ∂©°¨ E %ب©°Æ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3.+*4 5+

••≤∑$¨••§≥ °£ µ´

)Æ ¥®• -/≥ °Æ§ --/≥ Ƶ≠•≤ص≥ ≠ا•¨≥ ∑•≤• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥•§ ∑®©£® °≤ßµ•§ ¥®°¥ °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≥•° ¨•∂•¨ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥• •∏•≤¥•§ ° §Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• 4®©≥ ¥®©Æ´©Æß ©≥ •≠¢Ø§©•§ ©Æ ∑©§•¨π °∞∞¨©•§ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≠ا•¨≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®Ø≥• §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ¶Ø≤ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 9•¥ ° ∑©§• ≤°Æß• ض °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ °≤• ´ÆØ∑Æ ¥Ø °§§©¥©ØÆ°¨¨π §•¥•≤≠©Æ• ¥®• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °Æ§ ≥∞°¥©°¨ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥°Æ§¢Ø§©•≥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ )§•Æ¥©¶π©Æß °Æ§ ±µ°Æ¥©¶π©Æß ¥®• Æ°¥µ≤• °Æ§ ©≠∞°£¥ ض ©Æ¥•≤§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ °Æ§ °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ °≤• ÆØ¥ ≥¥≤°©ß®¥¶Ø≤∑°≤§0 ¥®• ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≤•£Ø≤§ ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ©≥ ®©ß®¨π ∂°≤©•§ ! §°¥°¢°≥• °∞∞≤Ø°£® ©≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ £®°Æß• ° ∞≤©≠°≤π £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ 3∞•£©¶©£ Ø¢™•£¥©∂•≥ °≤• ¥Ø © £Ø≠∞°≤• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥®°¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ©Æ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ∞®°≥•≥ ض ≤•¨°¥©∂• ≥•°)¨•∂•¨ £π£¨•≥+ ©© £ØÆ≥©§•≤ ¥®• ≤°Æß• ض £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ ض °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ Ø≤©ß©Æ ¥®°¥ ßØ∂•≤Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥+ ©©© §•∂•¨Ø∞ ° ≥•¥ ض ≤•∂©≥•§ ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≠ا•¨≥ ¶Ø≤ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¢°≥©Æ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥©£ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ ∑®©£® °££ØµÆ¥ ¶Ø≤ ©Æ¥•≤∞¨°π ض ¢Ø¥® °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ °Æ§ °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ £ØÆ¥≤ب≥ 4®• °∞∞¨©•§ ≠•¥®Ø§ µ¥©¨©≥•≥ ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• §°¥° •∏¥≤°£¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¨©¥•≤°¥µ≤•)¢°≥•§ £°≥• ≥¥µ§©•≥ ,©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ °Æ§ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥ §°¥° °≤• £Ø§•§ ©Æ ° ≥¥°Æ§°≤§©∫•§ ¶Ø≤≠°¥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• &¨µ∂©°¨ !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• +ÆØ∑¨•§ß• 4≤°Æ≥¶•≤ 3π≥¥•≠ &!+43 ° ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ°¨ §°¥°¢°≥• ¥®°¥ ≥¥Ø≤•≥ ≠°Æπ •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ $°¥°¢°≥• ©Æ¥•≤≤Øß°¥©ØÆ •Æ°¢¨•≥ ≤•£ØßÆ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §©¶¶•≤•Æ£•≥ ©Æ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ¢•¥∑••Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ©Æ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥ )Æ©¥©°¨ ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ °≥≥•≥≥ §©¶¶•≤•Æ£•≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥•§ ØÆ ≥µ¢)°•≤©°¨¨π •∏∞Ø≥•§ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ≥®•¨∂•≥ °¥ ¨Ø∑≥¥°Æ§ °Æ§ ¥®Ø≥• ©Æ £ØÆ¥©Æ•Æ¥°¨ ®©Æ¥•≤¨°Æ§≥ °Æ§ ∑©¥®©Æ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ¥≤°£¥≥ #®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£ §©¶¶•≤•Æ£•≥ ∞•≤¥°©Æ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥£°¨• °Æ§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ Ø≤ß°Æ©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ 2•≥µ¨¥≥ ¶Ø≤≠ ¥®• ¢°≥©≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض £ØÆ¥•∏¥)≥∞•£©¶©£ ≠ا•¨≥ ∑®©£® §•≥£≤©¢• ¥®• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• ©Æ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¥π∞•≥ ض ∞®π≥©Øß≤°∞®©£ ¢°≥©Æ°¨ °Æ§ £¨©≠°¥©£ ≥•¥¥©Æß≥

#®°≤°£¥•≤©≥©Æß ¥®• ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ®•°∂π °Æ§ ¨©ß®¥ ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ≠ا•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥Ø≠• ض )ƧØÆ•≥©°2≥ ≠Ø≥¥ •∏∞¨Ø≥©∂• ∂ب£°ÆØ•≥ G-•≤°∞©. "≤Ø≠Ø. 3©Æ°¢µÆß °Æ§ 4Ø¢°H

,¨Øπ§ 7®©¥• 5 -°≤¥©Æ 2©¥¥Æ•≤ . !≠π 'ص߮  *•ÆÆπ /≠≠° G #®≤©≥¥Ø¶ ,©•¢•≤≠°ÆÆ 

3 3ص¥®•°≥¥ !≥©° 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 2Øπ°¨ (ب¨Ø∑°π 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,ØƧØÆ %ß®°≠ 5+ 47.D D%8 . $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ 'Ø∑•≤ 3¥≤••¥ ,ØƧØÆ 5+ 7#3% *"4 , 2Ø£´¥π∞• ,¥§ @ $©∂©Æ©¥π 2Ø°§ /∏¶Ø≤§ 5+ /8 3,.

¨¨Øπ§ ∑®©¥•$≤®µ¨ °£ µ´

3°≠∞¨•≥ ض ∂ب£°Æ©£ °≥® ∑•≤• £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®≤•• ض )ƧØÆ•≥©°I≥ ≠Ø≥¥ °£¥©∂• ∂ب£°ÆØ•≥ -¥ -•≤°∞© -¥ "≤Ø≠Ø °Æ§ -¥ 3©Æ°¢µÆß ¥Øß•¥®•≤ ∑©¥® °≥® ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• °Æ£©•Æ¥ 4Ø¢° ≥µ∞•≤•≤µ∞¥©ØÆ 1%-3#!. ∑°≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π .//// ®•°∂π °Æ§ .//// ¨©ß®¥ ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ß≤°©Æ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ •°£® ≥°≠∞¨• 4®•≥• §°¥° ∑•≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ≥©≠©¨°≤©¥©•≥ °Æ§ §©¶¶•≤•Æ£•≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ •°£® ض ¥®• ∂ب£°Æ©£ ≥ص≤£•≥ °Æ§ ≥®Ø∑ ≠°≤´•§ §©¶¶•≤•Æ£•≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• °≥®•≥ ≥ص≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• *°∂°Æ•≥• ∂ب£°ÆØ•≥ £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ¥®Ø≥• ≥ص≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 3µ≠°¥≤°Æ ∂ب£°ÆØ•≥ 7• °¨≥Ø •∏°≠©Æ•§ ∫©≤£ØÆ °≥∞•£¥ ≤°¥©Ø≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≥°≠∞¨•≥ ∑®•≤• ∫©≤£ØÆ ∑°≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ 0≤•∂©Øµ≥ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ®°∂• ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥•§ ∂ب£°Æ©£ ∫©≤£ØÆ≥ °≤• ¥π∞©£°¨¨π °£©£µ¨°≤ π•¥ Øµ≤ Ø∑Æ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ ض ∫©≤£ØÆ)¢•°≤©Æß ©ßƕص≥ ≤Ø£´≥ ≥µßß•≥¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®©≥ ©≥ ÆØ¥ °¨∑°π≥ ¥®• £°≥• 4®• 1%-3#!. °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ∑•≤• °¨≥Ø µ≥•§ ¥Ø •≥¥©≠°¥• ¥®• Ø∂•≤°¨¨ ß≤°©Æ)≥®°∞•≥ °Æ§ •¨¨©∞¥©£©¥π ض ¥®• ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ß≤°©Æ≥ ©Æ •°£® ≥°≠∞¨• (Ø∑•∂•≤ °≥ ¥®•≥• °Æ°¨π≥•≥ ∑•≤• Ø¢¥°©Æ•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ∞ب©≥®•§ ß≤°©Æ ≠صƥ≥ ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ض •°£® ß≤°©Æ ≤•¶¨•£¥ ¥®• ß≤°©Æ ≥®°∞• °Æ§ Ø≤©•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ¥®≤ص߮ ∞ب©≥®©Æß ≠•°Æ©Æß ¥®°¥ ¥®• °≥≥©ßÆ•§ ß≤°©Æ ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•≥ £°Æ ØÆ¨π ¢• µ≥•§ ©Æ °Æ °∞∞≤Ø∏©≠°¥• ≥•Æ≥• 4Ø ¢µ©¨§ ØÆ ¥®©≥ ∑• ≠°§• µÆ∞ب©≥®•§ ß≤°©Æ ≠صƥ≥ ض ®•°∂π ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ≥•∞°≤°¥•≥ ¶Ø≤ 3%- ©≠°ß©Æß °Æ§ ≥•≠©)±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• %$3 ≠©Æ•≤°¨ ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ 4®• %$3 ∑°≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ©§•Æ¥©¶π ∫©≤£ØÆ ß≤°©Æ≥ °Æ§ ∑• ≠°Æµ°¨¨π £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ °¨¨ ∫©≤£ØÆ °££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ °≥∞•£¥ ≤°¥©Ø 4®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ ≥®Ø∑≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®•≤• £°Æ ¢• £ØÆ≥©§•≤°¢¨• ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ ©Æ °≥∞•£¥ ≤°¥©Ø≥ ض ∂ب£°Æ©£ ∫©≤£ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®°¥ ÆØ¥ °¨¨ °≤£ ∂ب£°Æ©£ °≥® £ØÆ¥°©Æ≥ ∫©≤£ØÆ 4®• ص¥£Ø≠•≥ ض ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• ¥®°¥ £°≤• ©≥ Æ••§•§ ∑®•Æ £ØÆ≥©§•≤©Æß ∞Ø≥≥©¢¨• ∂ب£°Æ©£ ≥ص≤£•≥ ¶Ø≤ §•¥≤©¥°¨ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤¨π ¶Ø≤ °Æ£©•Æ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤Ø£´≥ °Æ§ ©Æ ≤•ß©ØÆ≥ ∑©¥® •∏¥≤•≠•¨π ®©ß® µ∞¨©¶¥M•≤Ø≥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ ∑®•≤• ¥®• Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ ∂ب£°Æ©£ ≥ص≤£• ≠°π ÆØ ¨ØÆß•≤ ¢• •∂©§•Æ¥

/

!¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ ≥•Æ≥©¥©∂©¥π ¥Ø ߨ°£©°¨/©Æ¥•≤ߨ°£©°¨ £¨©≠°¥• £®°Æß•- #°≥• ≥¥µ§©•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ $•°¥® 6°¨¨•π*

!¨•∏°Æ§•≤ 7®©¥¥°´•≤ 5 -©¥£® $I!≤£π . $µÆ° 2ا°)"بµ§°  3°≠ "≤ØØ´• 

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£• °Æ§ %Æß©Æ••≤©Æß 2Øπ°¨ 3£®Øب ض -©Æ•≥ )≠∞•≤©°¨ #ب¨•ß• ,ØƧØÆ 37 .!: 5+ . )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض 0Ø¥≥§°≠ +°≤¨A,©•¢´Æ•£®¥A3¥≤ .A.2 3* 0Ø¥≥§°≠A'ب≠ '•≤≠°Æπ

° ∑®©¥¥°´•≤$©≠∞•≤©°¨ °£ µ´

4®• •¶¶•£¥≥ ض £¨©≠°¥• £®°Æß• ØÆ •≤ا©Æß ¨°Æ§≥£°∞•≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ≤•£Ø≤§ ≤•≠°©Æ ∞ØØ≤¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا 4®• ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥ ض ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ¥≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ ≥¥≤•°≠)¶¨Ø∑ §Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ØÆ• ∑°π ¥Ø °§§≤•≥≥ ¥®©≥ ©≥≥µ• ¢•£°µ≥• ¥®•≥• ¥≤•Æ§≥ •≠¢•§ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ¥®• §πÆ°≠©£≥ ض ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≤ص¥©Æß ≥π≥¥•≠≥ &µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨¨π §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ¶©Æ©Æß ©≥ §≤©∂•Æ ¢π ≥•¨•£¥©∂• §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ 4®• •¶¶©£©•Æ£π ض ¥®©≥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ©≥ §•¥•≤≠©Æ•§ ¢π ¥®• ∞®π≥©£°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ض ¥®• ©Æ∞µ¥ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π °Æ§ ¥®• ≥∞°¥©°¨ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• ≤°¥• ∑®©£® ß•Æ•≤°¥•≥ ¥®• °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ Æ•£•≥≥°≤π ¶Ø≤ ≠°≥≥ •∏¥≤°£¥©ØÆ (•≤• ∑• ≠•°≥µ≤• ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫• ¶©Æ©Æß ≤°¥•≥ ¶Ø≤ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ $•°¥® 6°¨¨•π #°¨©¶Ø≤Æ©° ∑®©£® ®°∂• ∑•¨¨)•∏∞Ø≥•§ ≠ا•≤Æ °Æ§ ¨°¥• 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∑®•≤• ¥•£¥ØÆ©£ ¢ØµÆ§°≤π £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ´ÆØ∑Æ °Æ§ ∑®•≤• £¨©≠°¥©£ ∂°≤©°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ∑•¨¨)£ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ•§ /µ≤ ¶©•¨§ §°¥° §•≠ØÆ≥¥≤°¥• ¥®°¥ °¨¨µ∂©°¨ ¶°Æ ß≤°©Æ ≥©∫•≥ °Æ§ §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ¶©Æ©Æß ≤°¥•≥ £¨•°≤¨π ∂°≤π Ø∂•≤ ¥®• ¨°¥• 0¨•©≥¥Ø£•Æ• ©Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π °≤•° §•≥∞©¥• ¨©¥¥¨• •∂©§•Æ£• ¶Ø≤ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ≤°¥•≥ ض ¶°µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ ¥®• ¨°≥¥ .// ´π 4∑Ø Ø¶ ¥®•≥• ¶°Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ®°∂• ∑•¨¨)•∏∞Ø≥•§ ¥•≤≤°£•≥ §°¥©Æß ¥Ø

3•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ§ ©£®ÆبØß©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ض ¥®• 5∞∞•≤ #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ "µ§• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. #µ¨≠ "°≥©Æ. 37 %Æߨ°Æ§

,°µ≤° "≤©ßß≥ . .©ß•¨ (* 7Øا£Ø£´  .•©¨ 3 $°∂©•≥ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض %°≤¥® 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض #°≠¢≤©§ß• $Ø∑Æ©Æß 3¥≤••¥ #°≠¢≤©§ß• #". ,%1

Æ®∑3$£°≠ °£ µ´

4®• ∞°¨°•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ض ¥®• 5∞∞•≤ #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ "µ§• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ¢••Æ £ØÆ¥≤Ø∂•≤≥©°¨ ¶Ø≤ §•£°§•≥ §•≥∞©¥• •∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ •∏∞Ø≥µ≤• ØÆ ¥®• #Ø≤Æ∑°¨¨ °Æ§ ÆØ≤¥® $•∂ØÆ £Ø°≥¥≥ 0≤•∂©Øµ≥ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• ≤°Æß•§ ¶≤Ø≠ §••∞ ≠°≤©Æ• ¥Ø ¶≤•≥®∑°¥•≤ ¨°´•+ ©¶ ¥®• "µ§• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• ©¥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ ØÆ• ض ¥®• ب§•≥¥ ´ÆØ∑Æ ©Æ®°¢©¥•§ ¨°´• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ )Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ¥≤°£• ¶Ø≥≥©¨ °Æ§ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ •∂©§•Æ£• ∑•≤• ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•§ ©Æ¥Ø ° ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≠ا•¨ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠≥ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ ≥•¥¥©Æß °Æ§ •∏¥•Æ¥ ض ≠°≤©Æ• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• )£®ÆبØß©£°¨ °Æ§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ §°¥° ∑•≤• £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ §µ≤©Æß Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ ¶©•¨§∑Ø≤´ ©Æ #Ø≤Æ∑°¨¨ °Æ§ $•∂ØÆ 4≤°£• ¶Ø≥≥©¨≥ ∑•≤• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞°≤•§ ¥Ø Ø¥®•≤ 0°¨°•Ø∫Ø©£ °≥≥•≠¢¨°ß•≥ °Æ§ ≥®Ø∑•§ ≥©≠©¨°≤©¥©•≥ ¥Ø ´ÆØ∑Æ ¶≤•≥®∑°¥•≤ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥≥ 3•∂•Æ¥••Æ ©£®ÆØ¥°∏° ∑•≤• Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ•≥ §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ¢π ß•Æ¥¨• µÆ§•≤¶¨Ø∑ £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ )Æ £ØÆ¥≤°≥¥ ß≤°§•§ •∂•Æ¥ ¢•§≥ ∑•≤• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ¢π ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ∑©¥® Ø££°≥©ØÆ°¨ ¢µ≤≤Ø∑≥ Ø¢≥•≤∂•§ ©Æ ¢•§)¥Ø∞≥ '•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ≥µßß•≥¥≥ ¥®• ≥©¨¥≥¥ØÆ•≥ ∑•≤• §•∞Ø≥©¥•§ ©Æ ¶≤•≥®∑°¥•≤ ∑®©¨≥¥ ≠°≤©Æ• £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ ∞≤•∂°©¨•§ §µ≤©Æß §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢¨°£´ ≥®°¨•≥ ! ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥¨π ¶≤•≥®∑°¥•≤ ¨°£µ≥¥≤©Æ• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ©≥ ∞≤Ø∞Ø≥•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• "µ§• &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥•§ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ¢°≥©Æ ¢π µÆ§•≤¶¨Ø∑ °Æ§ ¥µ≤¢©§©¥π £µ≤≤•Æ¥≥ -°≤©Æ• ©Æ£µ≤≥©ØÆ≥ ≤•£Ø≤§•§ ©Æ ¢¨°£´ ≥®°¨•≥ Ø££µ≤≤•§ §µ≤©Æß •∏¥≤•≠• ®©ß®≥¥°Æ§≥ ∑®©£® ¨•§ ¥Ø Ø∂•≤¥Ø∞∞©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ¨°´• ≥©¨¨ &µ≤¥®•≤ ∑Ø≤´ ≥®Øµ¨§ ©Æ£¨µ§• §•Æ≥•≤ ≥°≠∞¨©Æß ¶Ø≤ ß•Ø£®•≠©£°¨ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ∑®©£® ≠°π ¢• °¢¨• ¥Ø £ØÆ≥¥≤°©Æ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ≠°≤©Æ• ©Æ£µ≤≥©ØÆ≥

/-

!Æ°≥¥Ø≠Ø≥©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ©Æ ¥®• 4ص≤Æ°©≥©°Æ& !Æ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ ©Æ¥Ø ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ض ¥®• ,Ø∑•≤ #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥. "°¨¨°ß°Æ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ. 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§

0•¥•≤ 7* 7Øب§≤©§ß• 5 3°≤°® * $°∂©•≥  #°≤π≥ % "•ÆÆ•¥¥  4©≠ +•°≤≥•π .

3 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,•©£•≥¥•≤ ,•©£•≥¥•≤ ,%3 2( . 4®• ,𕨨 #•Æ¥≤• 2•≥•°≤£® !∂•Æµ• 3ص¥® %§©Æ¢µ≤ß® %(3 !0

∞∑3$≥¥µ§•Æ¥ ¨• °£ µ´

4®• 4ص≤Æ°©≥©°Æ "°¨¨°ß°Æ &Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ •∏∞Ø≥•§ °¨ØÆß ¥®• £Ø°≥¥ ©Æ 3ص¥® %°≥¥ 3£Ø¥¨°Æ§ ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ° µÆ©±µ• ©Æ≥©ß®¥ ©Æ¥Ø •°≤¨π #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ °Æ§ ¥•≤≤•≥¥≤©°¨ •£Ø≥π≥¥•≠≥ ≤•£Ø∂•≤©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• (°Æß•Æ¢•≤ß #≤©≥©≥ 4®•≥• ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ≤•¶¨•£¥ ¥®• ∞°¨°•Ø•Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ °Æ§ ∞°¨°•Ø£¨©≠°¥©£ £ØƧ©¥©ØÆ≥ §µ≤©Æß §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ 3¥µ§©•§ °≥ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• 470••§ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ 4•¥≤°∞ا ∑Ø≤¨§0 •°≤¨π •∂بµ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ §©∂•≤≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ¥®©≥ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ ®°≥ ©Æ£¨µ§•§ •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• ≥•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π ¨Øßß©Æß Ø¶ ≥•∂•≤°¨ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ¢Ø§©•≥ °Æ§ ≠°∞∞©Æß Ø¶ ¥®•≥• ¢Ø§©•≥ ØÆ ,©$!2 (•∏©£Ø∞¥•≤ !≤£')3 °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ∞®Ø¥Øß≤°∞®©£ ©≠°ß•≤π &©•¨§ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥•§ ¢π ∞°¨°•Ø≥ب §°¥° ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ °≥ ∞°≤¥ ض ¥®• ∑©§•≤ ∞≤Ø™•£¥ °Æ§ ¢π ≥•£ØƧ°≤π ±µ°Æ¥©¥°¥©∂• °Æ°¨π≥•≥ 4®• ≥¥µ§π •∏°≠©Æ•≥ ≥•∂•≤°¨ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ¢Ø§©•≥ 4®• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£°¨¨π ¨Ø∑•≥¥ ©≥ ° J ≠ ¥®©£´ ≥®••¥ ¢≤°©§ ≥π≥¥•≠ 4®©≥ ©≥ Ø∂•≤¨°©Æ ¢π ° ./ ≠ ¥®©£´ ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ ض ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ≥¥≤°¥° ®Ø≥¥©Æß Æµ≠•≤ص≥ ©≥ب°¥•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ¢Ø§©•≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ض °Æ°≥¥Ø≠Ø≥©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ 4®©≥ O©≥ب°¥•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ¢Ø§©•≥I ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ £Ø©Æ£©§•≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• Ø££µ≤≤•Æ£• ض ߨ•π•§ ©Æ£•∞¥©≥ب≥ ¥π∞©£°¨ ض °Æ •∏¥≤•≠•¨π ∑•¥ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ !Æ Ø∂•≤¨π©Æß ≥•≤©•≥ ض §Ø¨Ø≥¥ØÆ• ¢•§≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ≤•∞•°¥•§ ¶¨Øا∞¨°©Æ ≥µ¢≠•≤ß•Æ£• 4®• πصÆß•≥¥ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ¢Ø§π ض ¥®• ≥¥µ§©•§ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ©≥ ° ./ ≠ ¥®©£´ ≠•°Æ§•≤©Æß ≥π≥¥•≠ 4®• ©≥ب°¥•§ ≥°Æ§≥¥ØÆ• ¢Ø§©•≥ ∑ص¨§ ¢• ¥®• ب§•≥¥ °Æ°≥¥Ø≠Ø≥©Æß ≥π≥¥•≠≥ π•¥ §•≥£≤©¢•§ 4®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ض ¥®©≥ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ ≥®Øµ¨§ ∞≤Ø∂©§• °§§©¥©ØÆ°¨ £≤©¥•≤©° ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ©§•Æ¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °Æ°≥¥Ø≠Ø≥©Æß ¶¨µ∂©°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≤Ø£´ ≤•£Ø≤§ 4®• ≥¥µ§π •∏°≠©Æ•≥ ∑®•¥®•≤ ∂•ß•¥°¥©ØÆ ©≥ ° ∞≤•§Ø≠©Æ°Æ¥ £ØÆ¥≤ب ØÆ ¶©∏•§ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®•≥• •°≤¨π #°≤¢ØÆ©¶•≤ص≥ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ °≥ ∑©§•¨π °££•∞¥•§

! 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ -ا•¨ ض &¨µ∂©°¨ -•°Æ§•≤/"•Æ§ %∂بµ¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ :$ &°£©•≥ °Æ§ !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• 0≤•§©£¥©ØÆ .° 9°Æ  .©ß•¨ 0 -صƥƕπ ,µ£° #بØ≠¢•≤° 2Ø¢•≤¥ - $Ø≤≤•¨¨ &¨µ∂©°¨ E %ب©°Æ 2•≥•°≤£® '≤ص∞ 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض ,••§≥ ,••§≥ ,3. +*4 5+

π°ÆÆ°@3,$ß≠°©¨ £Ø≠

3©ÆµØµ≥ ≠•°Æ§•≤©Æß £®°ÆÆ•¨≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥• ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤ ≤•°£®•≥ ض ≠°Æ𠶨µ∂©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ !¨¥®Øµß® ¶µÆ§°≠•Æ¥°¨ ¥π∞•≥ ض ≠•°Æ§•≤)¢•Æ§ ¥≤°Æ≥¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≤•£ØßÆ©≥•§ •∏∞°Æ≥©ØÆ ¥≤°Æ≥¨°¥©ØÆ ≤Ø¥°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®•≤•Ø¶ ¥®• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ≠©ß≤°¥Ø≤π ¢•®°∂©Øµ≤ ض ° ≤©∂•≤ °Æ§ ¥®• ß•Ø≠•¥≤π °Æ§ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ Ø≤ß°Æ©≥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ¥®°¥ °≤©≥• ¶≤Ø≠ £®°ÆÆ•¨ ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ •ß ∞Ø©Æ¥ ¢°≤≥ °Æ§ £ØµÆ¥•≤ ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤≥ ≤•≠°©Æ ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π ∞ØØ≤¨π µÆ§•≤≥¥Øا 3¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ §•∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ°¨ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• £Ø≠≠ØÆ¨π £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥•§ ¢π ∂•≤¥©£°¨ °Æ§ ¨°¥•≤°¨ ¶°£©•≥ ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ¥®°¥ ©≥ ©Æ§©£°¥©∂• ض ®©ß®¨π ∂°≤©°¢¨• ≠•£®°Æ©≥≠≥ ض °££≤•¥©ØÆ 3°Æ§)∞≤ØÆ• ∞°£´°ß•≥ °≤• §≤°∞•§ °Æ§ ∞°≤¥©¥©ØÆ•§ ¢π ≠µ§)∞≤ØÆ• §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ض ∂°≤©°¢¨• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ °Æ§ £ØÆ¥©Æµ©¥π &µ≤¥®•≤≠Ø≤• °¥ ° ¨°≤ß•≤ ≥£°¨• ¥®• ≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥•≤∂•§ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ ض ≠•°Æ§•≤ ¢•¨¥≥ ©≥ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¢π ¢Ø¥® °µ¥Øß•Æ©£ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¶≤•±µ•Æ£π ض Æا°¨ °∂µ¨≥©ØÆ °Æ§ °¨¨Øß•Æ©£ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ≥µ£® °≥ £¨©≠°¥•)§≤©∂•Æ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥ §•¨©∂•≤π °Æ§ ¥®• ≤ب• ض §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• ©Æ £ØÆ¥≤ب¨©Æß §©≤•£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≤°¥• ض ≠•°Æ§•≤)¢•¨¥ ≠©ß≤°¥©ØÆ ! Ƶ≠•≤©£°¨ ¶Ø≤∑°≤§ ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ≠ا•¨ W ¥®• 0Ø©Æ¥A"°≤ 3•§©≠•Æ¥°≤π !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• .µ≠•≤©£°¨ $•§µ£¥©ØÆ =0"A3!.$> W ®°≥ ¢••Æ §•∂©≥•§ °≥ ° ¥Øب ¥Ø ®•¨∞ ≤•£ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥ °Æ§ ∞≤•§©£¥ ¥®• £Ø≠∞¨•∏ ≥∞°¥©Ø)¥•≠∞Ø≤°¨ ≠©ß≤°¥Ø≤π •∂بµ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≠•°Æ§•≤≥ ¥®•©≤ ß•Æ•≤°¥•§ ¢°≤ ¶Ø≤≠≥ °Æ§ ¥®• °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ¨©¥®Ø¶°£©•≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ °££µ≠µ¨°¥• °≥ ®•¥•≤Øߕƕص≥ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ≥ 0")3!.$ µ≥•≥ ° £Ø≠¢©Æ•§ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥)¢°≥•§ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©£ °Æ§ ≥¥Ø£®°≥¥©£ ≠ا•¨¨©Æß °∞∞≤Ø°£® 4®• ≠ا•¨¨©Æß °∞∞≤Ø°£® ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥•≥ ±µ°Æ¥©¶©•§ ≥•§©≠•Æ¥Ø¨Øß©£°¨ §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ≤•°¨)∑Ø≤¨§ £°≥•) ≥¥µ§π •∏°≠∞¨•≥ ≥¥Ø≤•§ ©Æ ° ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ°¨ §°¥°¢°≥• ¥®• &¨µ∂©°¨ !≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• +ÆØ∑¨•§ß• 4≤°Æ≥¶•≤ 3π≥¥•≠ &!+43 4®• ≠ا•¨ ∞≤•§©£¥≥ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ °≤£®©¥•£¥µ≤• °Æ§ ß•Ø≠•¥≤π ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ £ØµÆ¥•≤ ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ °Æ§ ≤•¨°¥•§ •¨•≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ G$ /Æ• •∏°≠∞¨• °∞∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 0")3!.$ ©≥ ¥®• ≥©≠µ¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶¨µ∂©°¨ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø £Ø•∂°¨ ≤©¶¥ ¢°≥©Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ∑®•≤•¢π ∞Ø©Æ¥)¢°≤ £ØÆÆ•£¥©∂©¥π °Æ§ ≥¥°£´©Æß ∞°¥¥•≤Æ £°Æ ¢• ∞≤•§©£¥•§ ©Æ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ ≤°¥•≥ ض ¶°µ¨¥)§≤©∂•Æ ≥µ¢≥©§•Æ£• °££Ø≠≠ا°¥©ØÆ ß•Æ•≤°¥©ØÆ ≤°¥•≥ ض ¶¨µ∂©°¨) ≥π≥¥•≠ ¨°¥•≤°¨ °££≤•¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °∂µ¨≥©ØÆ 0")3!.$ ≥•≤∂•≥ °≥ ° ∞≤°£¥©£°¨ ¥Øب ∑©¥® ∑®©£® ¥Ø •∏∞¨Ø≤• ®•¥•≤Øß•Æ•©¥π ©Æ ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• ®π§≤Ø£°≤¢ØÆ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥

/

0Ø≥¥/•≤µ∞¥©∂• 3µ¢≠°≤©Æ• 4•≤≤°£• $•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ض #°∞•¨©Æ®Ø≥. !∫Ø≤•≥

:®ØÆß∑•© :®°Ø 5 .•©¨ -©¥£®•¨¨  2µ© 1µ°≤¥°µ . &•≤Æ°Æ§Ø 4•≠∞•≤° G ,µ£π "≤©£®•ÆØ J

3 3£®Øب ض %°≤¥® °Æ§ %Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥°¨ 3£©•Æ£•≥ 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π ض -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ -°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ 5+ . )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥Ø (©§≤Øß≤º¶©£Ø $©∂©≥æØ §• '•Ø¨Øß©° -°≤©Æ®° ,©≥¢Ø° 0Ø≤¥µß°¨ , )&2%-%2 $œ∞°≤¥•≠•Æ¥ $πÆ°≠©±µ•≥ §• ¨P%Æ∂©≤ØÆÆ•≠•Æ¥ #ˆ¥©•≤ 4•£®ÆØ∞ˆ¨• "≤•≥¥A)≤Ø©≥• 0Ø©Æ¥• §µ $©°¢¨• 0¨Øµ∫°Æœ &≤°Æ£•  .°¥©ØÆ°¨ /£•°ÆØß≤°∞®π #•Æ¥≤• ,©∂•≤∞Øب 5+

∫®ØÆß∑•© ∫®°Ø$∞Ø≥¥ß≤°§ ≠°Æ£®•≥¥•≤ °£ µ´

%≤Ø≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• £Ø°≥¥≥ ض ∂ب£°Æ©£ ©≥¨°Æ§≥ ¢π ∑°∂•≥ £≤•°¥•≥ ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ¢°Æ´≥ 3µ¢≥©§•§ ب§•≤ ∂•≤≥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®•≥• ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ ßµπØ¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ¥°≤ß•¥¥•§ ¢π ≥£©•Æ¥©¶©£ Ø£•°Æ §≤©¨¨©Æß ©Æ ¥®• ∞°≥¥ ≥Ø ©¥ ≠°π ¢• µ≥•¶µ¨ ¥Ø ´ÆØ∑ ≠Ø≤• °¢Øµ¥ ®Ø∑ ¥®•π Ø≤©ß©Æ°¥• ¢µ¥ ®Ø∑ •≤Ø≥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£••§≥ ∑©¥® ¥©≠• ¥Ø £≤•°¥• ¢°Æ´≥ °Æ§ ®Ø∑ ©¥ ≤•¨°¥•≥ ¥Ø ∑°∂• £¨©≠°¥• ©≥ µÆ£¨•°≤ )Æ ¥®©≥ ≥¥µ§π ®©≥¥Ø≤©£°¨ °Æ§ ≤•£•Æ¥ ≠°≤©Æ• ß•Ø∞®π≥©£°¨ §°¥° £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ °≤صƧ ¥®• #°∞•¨©Æ®Ø≥ ∞≤Ø≠ØÆ¥Ø≤π ∑•≥¥•≤Æ &°©°¨ )≥¨°Æ§ !∫Ø≤•≥ ض¶•≤ °Æ µÆµ≥µ°¨ Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥π ¥Ø £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫• ®Ø∑ ° ≥µ¢≠°≤©Æ• ¥•≤≤°£• §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ °¶¥•≤ ¥®• •≤µ∞¥©ØÆ 4®• ∞≤Ø≠ØÆ¥Ø≤π ∑°≥ ¶Ø≤≠•§ ©Æ -=

3•©≥≠©£ ß•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øßπ ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®π ض °Æ %Ø£•Æ• ≥®Ø≤•¶°£• ©Æ ¥®• /µ¥•≤ -Ø≤°π &©≤¥® %∂° (* :©≠≠•≤  *Ø®Æ ! (Ø∑•¨¨ .©£®Ø¨°≥ 3£®Ø¶©•¨§ $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ ض '•Ø¨Øßπ °Æ§ 0•¥≤ب•µ≠ '•Ø¨Øßπ -•≥¥ØÆ "µ©¨§©Æß !¢•≤§••Æ !". ,5%

•∂° ∫©≠≠•≤$°¢§Æ °£ µ´

'•Ø¨Øß©£°¨ °Æ°¨Øßµ•≥ °≤• £Ø≠≠Øƨπ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞¨•≠•Æ¥ ≥∞°≤≥• ≥µ¢≥µ≤¶°£• §°¥°≥•¥≥ ∑®•≤• ∑©§•¨π ≥∞°£•§ ∑•¨¨≥ °Æ§ ¨Ø∑ ≤•≥بµ¥©ØÆ ≥•©≥≠©£ §°¥° ¨©≠©¥ §©≤•£¥ Ø¢≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ ß•Ø≠•¥≤©•≥ !Æ°¨Øßµ• ≥¥µ§©•≥ °≤• ¥≤°§©¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ¢°≥•§ ØÆ Øµ¥£≤Ø∞ §°¥° ∑®©£® ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ®©ß® ±µ°¨©¥π £≤Ø≥≥)≥•£¥©ØÆ°¨ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¢µ¥ ©≥ ¥π∞©£°¨¨π ¨©≠©¥•§ ©Æ ∞¨°Æ ∂©•∑ Ø≤ §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ≠ا•≤Æ ≥π≥¥•≠≥ ∑®©£® ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ •∏£•¨¨•Æ¥ ∞¨°Æ ∂©•∑ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠°¥©ØÆ ¢µ¥ ©≥ ¨©≠©¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ∂•≤¥©£°¨ §©≤•£¥©ØÆ 4®• ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ®©ß® ¶≤•±µ•Æ£π £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ض ¥≤°§©¥©ØÆ°¨ G$ ≥•©≥≠©£ ∂بµ≠•≥ ©≥ ¥π∞©£°¨¨π ©ßÆØ≤•§ °≥ ≥¥µ§©•≥ °≤• ¶Ø£µ≥•§ ØÆ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ §•∞¥® (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®©≥ ©≥ ° ≠°≥≥©∂•¨π µÆ§•≤µ≥•§ ≤•≥ص≤£• ض ®©ß® ±µ°¨©¥π ß•Ø≠•¥≤©£ §°¥° ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• µ≥•§ °≥ °Æ°¨Øßµ•≥ ¶Ø≤ §••∞•≤ ¨•≥≥ ∑•¨¨ ≥°≠∞¨•§ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤≥ 4®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥¥µ§π ®°≥ ¶Ø£µ≥•§ ØÆ •∏¥≤°£¥©Æß §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•≥• ≥®°¨¨Ø∑ ∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ≥ ض ¥®• 0'3 #.3M..3 -•ß°3µ≤∂•π ©Æ ¥®• /µ¥•≤ -Ø≤°π &©≤¥® 4®• ≥¥µ§π ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ ©≥ °Æ •°≥¥∑°≤§≥ ∞≤Øß≤°§©Æß %Ø£•Æ• ≥®Ø≤•¶°£• ≥µ££•≥≥©ØÆ ∑®©£® ®°≥ ¢••Æ ≠°∞∞•§ ©Æ §•¥°©¨ '•Ø≠Ø≤∞®Ø¨Øß©£°¨ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ∑©§¥® ¨•Æߥ® ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ £¨©ÆضØ≤≠ §©∞ °Æ§ ≥®Ø≤•¨©Æ• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤π °≤• ¥°´•Æ ¥Ø £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥• ¥®• £¨©ÆØ¥®•≠≥ !¨¨ ≠•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ °≤• £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ µ≥©Æß ¥®• 3!&!2) §°¥° ≥¥°Æ§°≤§ ∑®©£® ∑°≥ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ¥Ø §•≥£≤©¢• ص¥£≤Ø∞ °Æ§ ≠ا•≤Æ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ °Æ°¨Øßµ•≥ ! ≥•±µ•Æ£• ≥¥≤°¥©ß≤°∞®©£ ©Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ °¨≥Ø £°≤≤©•§ ص¥ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ≠°∞∞©Æß ¥®• ≥®Ø≤•¨©Æ• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤©•≥ $•¥°©¨•§ ≠°∞∞©Æß ®°≥ ¢≤Ø´•Æ ¥®• ≥¥µ§π ©Æ¥•≤∂°¨ ©Æ¥Ø ° ≥•≤©•≥ ض ¢•§≥•¥≥ °Æ§ ∞°≤°≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ∑®©£® •±µ°¥• ¥Ø ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ¢•°£® ≤©§ß• ≥•¥≥ -°∞∞©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ¥®©£´Æ•≥≥ ض ¥®•≥• ©¨¨µ≥¥≤°¥•≥ ¥®• ≥®©¶¥≥ ©Æ §•∞Ø)£•Æ¥≤• -•°≥µ≤•≠•Æ¥≥ ض £¨©ÆضØ≤≠ §©∞ °Æ§ ¥®• ≤°¥• °¥ ∑®©£® ¥®•π ¥°∞•≤ ∂°≤π ∑©¥® §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≥®Ø≤•¨©Æ• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤©•≥ &Ø≤£•§ ≤•ß≤•≥≥©∂• £¨©ÆØ¥®•≠≥ ≥®Ø∑ ≥¥••∞•≤ ¢•§ ¥°∞•≤©Æß °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ®©ß®•≤ £¨©ÆضØ≤≠ §©∞≥ ¥®°Æ ÆØ≤≠°¨ ≤•ß≤•≥≥©∂• Ø≤ ¥≤°Æ≥ß≤•≥≥©∂• £¨©ÆØ¥®•≠≥ 4®©≥ £°≥• ≥¥µ§π °£®©•∂•≥ °Æ Ø∂•≤°¨¨ ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ¥®≤••)§©≠•Æ≥©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø∞•≤¥©•≥ ض ° ∑°∂•)§Ø≠©Æ°¥•§ ≥®Ø≤•¶°£• °≥ ≤•≥•≤∂Ø©≤ °Æ°¨Øßµ•



LIST OF DELEGATES & AFFILIATIONS

Acikalin Sanem Newcastle University Ahmad Johar Nurtasha Jayos Durham University Ainsworth Joseph Keele University Alexander Jan University of East Anglia Allen Charlotte University of Leeds Anders Bebhinn NUI Galway Andrews Steven University of Cambridge (CASP) Apps Gillian University of Texas at Austin Arevalo Oscar Javier University of Leeds Atar Elizabeth Durham University Azpiroz Maria University of Southampton Baas Jaco H Bangor University Baker Megan Bangor University Balila Ammar University of Manchester Banham Steven Imperial College London Barrett-Crosdil Bonita University of Leeds Bath Enright Orla University of Portsmouth Beaumont Hazel University of Birmingham Beelen Daan Imperial College London Bell Daniel University of Manchester Bennett Carys University of Leicester Blacker Kieran University of Leicester Blake-Mizen Keziah University of Exeter Blayney Tamsin Lancaster University Booth Matthew Heriot Watt University Boulesteix Kévin University of Manchester Bradley Ginny-Marie University of Manchester Breislin Catherine University of Manchester Brodie Mark Oxford University Brooke Sam Imperial College London Brooks Hannah University of Leeds Brunt Rufus University of Manchester Budd Graham Uppsala University Burgess Peter University of Liverpool Burgess Roger University of Aberdeen Burnham Brian University of Aberdeen Burns Catherine University of Leeds Busfield Marie Aberystwyth University Callow Ben University of Southampton Carnevale Marco University of Milan Cartigny Matthieu Durham University

112

Catharina Amanda University of Aberdeen Chen Guohui University of Edinburgh Chiarella Domenico Royal Holloway, University of London Clare Mike University of Southampton Clarke Stuart Keele University Cobain Sarah Petrotechnical Data Systems Cole Grant Plymouth University Cornard Pauline University College London Cosgrove Grace University of Leeds Cripps Catherine British Geological Survey Cullen Tim University of Leeds Cullis Sophie University of Leeds Cumberpatch Zoe Imperial College London Davies Neil University of Cambridge Davies Rosie University of Cambridge Davies Roy DEA Norge AS Davies Sarah University of Leicester Davison Stephen CGG (Robertson) Ltd Dawe Jonathan University of Cambridge de Cala Isabel University of Leeds de Leeuw Arjan University of Cambridge (CASP) de Leeuw Jan Utrecht University Decou Audrey University of Cambridge (CASP) Dickson Tony University of Cambridge Dodd Thomas British Geological Survey Dutton Kirsten Newcastle University Duval-Arnould Aude University of Manchester Ebinghaus Alena University of Aberdeen Eggenhuisen Joris Utrecht University Elliott Marc SOAS- University of London Elliott Marianne University of Liverpool Emery Andy University of Leeds Emmings Joe University of Leicester Evans Sian Imperial College London Fabuel-Perez Ivan ExxonMobil International Ltd Fairey Brenton University College Cork Fender Thomas Newcastle University Ferguson Ross University of Manchester Fleming Edward University of Cambridge (CASP) Flint Stephen University of Manchester Flowerdew Michael University of Cambridge (CASP) Foey James Keele University Franklin Jess NUI Galway Friend Peter University of Cambridge Fuhrmann Arne University of Manchester Gater Robert CGG (Robertson) Ltd

113

Ghinassi Massimiliano University of Padova Gladstone Lotty University of Cambridge (BPI) Gomis Cartesio Luz Elena University of Manchester Good Tim ExxonMobil International Ltd Gough Amy Royal Holloway, University of London Grant Ross Heriot Watt University Gray Ewan University of Aberdeen Grieg Iain University of Aberdeen Griffiths Joshua University of Liverpool Gunn Neal University of Leeds Gupta Sanjeev Imperial College London Hage Sophie University of Southampton Hampson Gary Imperial College London Hartley Adrian University of Aberdeen Haughton Peter University College Dublin Healy Rachel University of Leeds Heijnen Maarten Utrecht University Heilbronn Gloria University of Cambridge (CASP) Herbert Christopher University of East Anglia Herringshaw Liam University of Hull Ho Viet Luan University of Leeds Hodgson David University of Leeds Hofstra Menno University of Leeds Hough Ed British Geological Survey Houseago Robert University of Hull Howell John University of Aberdeen Howlett Danielle University of Bergen Howorth Billie University of Cambridge Ismail Rafika Royal Holloway, University of London Jackson Christopher Imperial College London Jackson Simon University of Leeds Janszen Adriaan ExxonMobil International Ltd Jarvis Paul University of Cambridge Jeans Christopher University of Cambridge Jerrett Rhodri University of Manchester Jordan Oliver Statoil ASA Kane Ian University of Manchester Keevil Claire University of Hull Keevil Gareth University of Leeds Kulikova Anna Statoil ASA Lawan Auwalu Yola University of Liverpool Le Heron Daniel Royal Holloway, University of London Lee David University of Leeds Leslie Graham British Geological Survey Liebermann Christof Royal Holloway, University of London Lipp Alex University of Cambridge

114

Liu Qun University of Aberdeen Lokier Stephen The Petroleum Institute Abu Dhabi Lokman Irdawati Imperial College London Lomas Simon Love Tara Durham University Luber Tim University of Manchester Manifold Lucy University of Manchester Manning Andrew University of Hull Marsalkaite Gabija University of Cambridge Masiero Isabella University of Liverpool Mayall Mike Imperial College London Maynard James ExxonMobil International Ltd McArthur Adam Universidade Federal do Rio Grande McCarthy Odhrán University College Cork McCave Nick University of Cambridge McGuire Cian University of Hull McKellar Zoe University of Aberdeen McMahon William University of Cambridge Medici Giacomo University of Leeds Meere Pat University College Cork Meyer Ben Petrotechnical Data Systems Meyer Matthew Petrotechnical Data Systems Millward David British Geological Survey Minter Nicholas University of Portsmouth Mitchell William Imperial College London Mitten Andrew Keele University Monstad Ståle Point Resources Montero Jose University of Leeds Morton Andrew HM Research Morton Michael University of Leicester Mulchrone Kieran University College Cork Mullins James University of Aberdeen Naar Joaquin Ophir Energy Nauton-Fourteu Martin NUI Galway Newport Sarah University of Manchester Nichols Gary RPS Nautilus Noad Jon University of Alberta Nugraha Harya Imperial College London Nyberg Bjorn University of Bergen Ohiara Timothy University of Manchester Okunuwadje Sunday University of Aberdeen O'Neill Sean Durham University Onyenanu Godspower Imperial College London Orr Patrick University College Dublin OrtizKarpf Andrea University of Leeds Owen Amanda University of Aberdeen

115

Palamakumbura Romesh University of Edinburgh Palm Franziska Anna University of Leeds Patacci Marco University of Leeds Paul Andreas The Petroleum Institute Abu Dhabi Payo Payo Marta LDO-IUEM/Ifremer-GM Peakall Jeffrey University of Leeds Peel Frank University of Texas at Austin Perkins Tom University of Cambridge Petrie Graham CGG (Robertson) Ltd Pettigrew Ross Keele University Pierce Colm University of Aberdeen Piotrowski Alexander University of Cambridge Pizzi Marco Imperial College London Pohl Florian Utrecht University Poyatos-More Miquel University of Manchester Price Gregory Plymouth University Priddy Charlotte Keele University Privat Aurélia University of Leeds Pulham Andy Cobalt International Energy Rahman Md Mostafizur University of Aberdeen Raine Robert British Geological Survey Redfern Jonathan University of Manchester Reynolds Tony BP Robertson Alastair University of Edinburgh Roseby Zoe University of Southampton Russell Catherine University of Leeds Samasiri Peeradon University of Cambridge (BPI) Saroni Justina James University of Aberdeen Sher Diana University of Cambridge (BPI) Shiers Michelle University of Leeds Shillito Anthony University of Cambridge Silva Joana Utrecht University Sinclair Hugh University of Edinburgh Slater Ben Uppsala University Slootman Arnoud University of Geneva Smith Alan University of Cambridge Somerville David University of Leeds Southern Sarah University of Calgary Soutter Euan University of Manchester Spencer Paul Point Resources Spychala Yvonne Utrecht University Steiner Zvi University of Cambridge Stevenson Chris University of Manchester Steventon Michael Imperial College London Stokes Martin Plymouth University Sumner Esther University of Southampton

116

Swan Alistair University of Aberdeen Szocs Emese Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest Tang Hao Brunel University Tanner Dominique Cardiff University Tokes Lilla Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest Torley John University College London Toro Balazs University of Cambridge (CASP) Tucker Maurice University of Bristol Tunwal Mohit University College Cork Tyrrell Shane NUI Galway Valdez Buso Victoria University of Aberdeen Vandyk Thomas Royal Holloway, University of London Vellinga Age University of Southampton Verhagen Iris University of Liverpool Vickers Madeleine Plymouth University Vincent Stephen University of Cambridge (CASP) Wakefield Oliver British Geological Survey Walker Jack Newcastle University Wang Ru University of Leeds Watkins Stephen Imperial College London Watkinson Matthew Plymouth University Watts Charlotte Wells Martin BP White Lloyd Royal Holloway, University of London Whittaker Alexander Imperial College London Wilkinson Mark University of Edinburgh Woodcock Nigel University of Cambridge Wooldridge Luke University of Liverpool Wooldridge Peter University of Leicester Wu Jianan University of Aberdeen Wu Nan Imperial College London Yan Na University of Leeds Yao Shuqing University of Aberdeen Zhao Xiaoming Southwest Petroleum University Zhao Will University of Manchester Zimmer Eva University of Aberdeen Zimmermann Sebastian University College Dublin

117