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Scarborough Geological Watching Brief: Toll House Shaft Site, Castle Hill SSSI

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Scarborough Geological Watching Brief: Toll House Shaft Site, Castle Hill SSSI Scarborough Geological Watching Brief: Toll House Shaft Site, Castle Hill SSSI Geology and Regional Geophysics Internal Report IR/13/025 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Geology and Regional Geophysics INTERNAL REPORT IR/13/025 Scarborough Geological The National Grid and other Watching Brief: Toll House Shaft Ordnance Survey data © Crown Copyright and database rights 2013. Ordnance Survey Licence Site, Castle Hill SSSI No. 100021290. Keywords Scarborough; Castle Hill, Toll J H Powell and J B Riding House Shaft; Geology; Callovian-Oxfordian, Middle Jurassic, SSSI Contributor National Grid Reference Centre point: E 505209.71 B M Cox N. 488927.96 Map Editors Sheet 54, 1:50 000 scale, Scarborough A S Howard & J Ford Front cover Oblique aerial view of Castle Hill looking NW; courtesy of Arup (photograph courtesy of www.petersmith.com) Bibliographical reference Powell, J H and Riding, J B. 2013. Scarborough Geological Watching Brief; Toll House Shaft Site, Castle Hill SSSI British Geological Survey Internal Report, IR/13/025. 48 pp + figures. Copyright in materials derived from the British Geological Survey’s work is owned by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and/or the authority that commissioned the work. You may not copy or adapt this publication without first obtaining permission. Contact the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Section, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, e-mail [email protected]. You may quote extracts of a reasonable length without prior permission, provided a full acknowledgement is given of the source of the extract. © NERC 2013. All rights reserved Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2013 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The full range of our publications is available from BGS shops at British Geological Survey offices Nottingham, Edinburgh, London and Cardiff (Welsh publications only) see contact details below or shop online at www.geologyshop.com BGS Central Enquiries Desk Tel 0115 936 3143 Fax 0115 936 3276 The London Information Office also maintains a reference collection of BGS publications, including maps, for consultation. email [email protected] We publish an annual catalogue of our maps and other publications; this catalogue is available online or from any of the Environmental Science Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham BGS shops. NG12 5GG Tel 0115 936 3241 Fax 0115 936 3488 The British Geological Survey carries out the geological survey of email [email protected] Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the latter as an agency service for the government of Northern Ireland), and of the surrounding continental shelf, as well as basic research projects. Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA It also undertakes programmes of technical aid in geology in Tel 0131 667 1000 Fax 0131 668 2683 developing countries. email [email protected] The British Geological Survey is a component body of the Natural Environment Research Council. Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD Tel 020 7589 4090 Fax 020 7584 8270 Tel 020 7942 5344/45 email [email protected] Columbus House, Greenmeadow Springs, Tongwynlais, Cardiff CF15 7NE Tel 029 2052 1962 Fax 029 2052 1963 Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB Tel 01491 838800 Fax 01491 692345 Geological Survey of Northern Ireland, Colby House, Stranmillis Court, Belfast BT9 5BF Tel 028 9038 8462 Fax 028 9038 8461 www.bgs.ac.uk/gsni/ Parent Body Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1EU Tel 01793 411500 Fax 01793 411501 www.nerc.ac.uk Website www.bgs.ac.uk Shop online at www.geologyshop.com IR/13/025 Final Last modified: 2013/10/25 11:22 Foreword The British Geological Survey (BGS) was commissioned (2012-2013) to undertake a geological watching brief on behalf of Arup for Yorkshire Water Services for the site investigations and shaft sinking for a new sewage pumping station at Toll House, Castle Hill. Additional scientific studies were funded by the BGS. The general site at Castle Hill, and more specifically South Toll House Cliff, is a geological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) as designated by Natural England. It provides an excellent section through the Middle and Upper Jurassic succession of the upper Osgodby Formation and overlying Oxford Clay Formation. Furthermore, the site is of significant current and historical scientific interest as it was studied and extensively collected down to the sea-level (prior to the construction of Marine Drive) by pioneering geologists who established the ammonite biostratigraphy of the Callovian to Oxfordian sucession in the Cleveland (Yorkshire) Basin. The lower exposures have not been visible since the late 19th century, hence the importance of recording the site investigation borehole cores and the geology exposed during shaft excavations. The scientific results of the site investigation boreholes at the Toll House shaft site are integrated in the report with information obtained during the incremental excavation of the shaft to ca. -20 m OD depth, together with additional borehole data from the surrounding Castle Hill area. Acknowledgements A large number of individuals in BGS and Arup have contributed to the project. Of the many individuals who have contributed to the project we would particularly like to thank the following: Dr Beris Cox for identifying the macro-fossils, especially ammonites, from the boreholes and shaft. Dr Andy Howard (BGS) for reviewing the report and advising on Jurassic trace fossil assemblages. Jon Ford (BGS) for supporting additional scientific studies and comments on the manuscript. Tom Casey, Arup (Leeds), for initiating the project and advising on the engineering geology at all stages of the study. Helen Miles, Arup (Leeds) for arranging and supervising site visits, collecting and photographing bagged samples in the shaft. Giuseppe La Vigna, Site Agent, Morgan Sindall Gronmij for arranging access to the site and H&S briefings. Engineers and contractors at Ward Burke, for access to the shaft and supervising H&S in the shaft. Dr Stuart Gowland, Ichron Ltd, for information on Jurassic trace fossils. Peter Smith (www.petersmith.com) for use of oblique aerial photographs. Paul Witney (BGS) for digital photography of the core and the BGS Core Store team for delivery of the core to BGS and core slabbing. Dr Ian Wilkinson (BGS) for identification of the foraminifera in Figure 11. Becky Bedson, Pretinder Prem and Lynne Riley (BGS) for project support and contractual advice. i IR/13/025 Final Last modified: 2013/10/25 11:22 Contents Foreword ......................................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................... i Contents .......................................................................................................................................... ii Summary ....................................................................................................................................... iii 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 2 Site Location and Access ....................................................................................................... 2 3 Importance of the Toll House SSSI site ................................................................................ 2 4 Borehole Investigations and methodology ........................................................................... 4 5 Shaft Investigations ................................................................................................................ 4 6 Sedimentology, biostratigraphy and petrology ................................................................... 4 6.1 Geological overview of castle hill .................................................................................. 4 6.2 stratigraphy and Sedimentology of the Toll House Pumping Station Boreholes ........... 5 6.3 StratigraPhy and structural geology of the Toll House pumping station shaft ............. 10 7 Sedimentology, stratigraphy and structural geology of the Toll House site in its regional context ........................................................................................................................... 11 7.1 Sedimentology .............................................................................................................. 11 7.2 LithoStratigraphical questions ...................................................................................... 15 7.3 Biostratigraphy ............................................................................................................. 16 7.4 Structural Geology ........................................................................................................ 20 8 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................... 20 9 Recommendations ................................................................................................................ 22 Appendix 1 Toll House boreholes: core photographs ........................................................ 23 Appendix 2 Macrofossil identifications from the Toll House shaft .................................. 39 Notes: Depths below ordnance datum (OD); Numbers refer to JHP samples numbers. ....... 39 Appendix 3 List of macropalaeontological
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