DOCSLIB.ORG

Tattuinardoela-Saga-Complete.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

TattúínárdǾla saga taTuinARdUla : saga THE SAGA OF THE PEOPLE OF THE TATTÚÍN RIVER VALLEY This .pdf document contains the complete text of Tattúínárdǿla saga. Old Norse text is on the left side of the page, Modern English on the right page. The Modern English translation is seldom word-for-word, and Old Norse is often a rather compact medium of expression. Therefore the Old Norse column “outpaces” the English quickly and they rarely say the same thing on the same page. None of the commentary from the blog is reproduced here, except that preceding Chapter 42 since it explains the lacuna between Chapter 36 and Chapter 42. For commentary, see the postings of individual chapters on the blog. About the translator/author: Jackson Crawford teaches the Old Norse and Norwegian languages, as well as courses on Old Norse myth, literature, and culture, at the University of California, Los Angeles. He is a Ph.D. Candidate in Scandinavian Studies at the University of Wisconsin- Madison. He blogs at Tattúínárdǿla saga (http:// tattuinardoelasaga.wordpress.com), where he posts chapters from his reimagining of Star Wars as an Icelandic saga, as well as other fun projects related to Old Norse (including his translations of poems from the Poetic Edda). He can be reached at jacksoncrawford AT ucla.edu. Saga adaptation © 2010-2012 by Jackson Crawford. Illustration © 2011 Katherine Girdaukas. Star Wars & all associated trademarks © Lucasfilm. I. Kapítuli: Frá Jóða jarli Gormóarsyni Chapter 1: Concerning Jarl Jóði Gormóarson JÓÐI HÉT MAÐR, sonr Gormóar. Jóði var maðr JÓÐI WAS THE NAME OF A MAN, son of Gormó. lítill, en svá sterkr, at eigi váru hans jafningjar. En er Jóði was a little man, but so strong that none was his hann var á unga aldri, lá hann í víkingu ok herjaði. equal. When he was young, he went a-viking and Með honum var í félagsskap sá maðr, er kallaðr var raided. With him in friendship was that man who Vindú, gǫfugr maðr ok inn mesti afreksmaðr at afli was named Vindú, a noble man and the most valiant ok áræði. Hann var berserkr. Þeir Jóði áttu einn sjóð in strength and daring. He was a berserker. He and báðir, ok var með þeim in kærsta vinátta. Jóði were in good agreement about everything, and Jóði átti einn son. Hét hann Dúkú. Dúkú var svartr there was the greatest friendship between them. maðr ok ljótr, líkr feðr sínum bæði yfirlits ok at Jóði had one son. He was named Dúkú. Dúkú was a skaplyndi. Gerðist hann umsýslumaðr mikill. Hann black-haired man and ugly, like his father both in var hagr maðr á tré ok járn ok gerðist inn mesti appearance and in manners. He became a very active smiðr. man. He was skilled in wood and iron, and became En er Dúkú var á tvítugs aldri, þá bjósk hann the greatest smith. í hernað. Fekk Jóði honum langskip. Til þeirar ferðar Now when Dúkú was in his twenties, he réðusk synir Vindús – þeir hǫfðu lið mikit ok annat began to go raiding. Jóði got him a longship. With langskip – ok fóru um sumarit í víking ok ǫfluðu sér him on his expeditions went the sons of Vindú – they fjár ok hǫfðu hlutskipti mikit. Þat var nǫkkur sumur, had a good following and another longship – and er þeir lágu í víking, en váru heima um vetrum með they went a-viking during the summer and took feðrum sínum. Hafði Dúkú heim marga dýrgripi ok much property and gained good loot. During the fœrði feðr sínum. Var þá bæði gott til fjár ok summers they would go out a-viking, but in the mannvirðingar. Jóði var þá mjǫk á efra aldri, en sonr winters they would stay home with their fathers. hans var roskinn. Dúkú would bring home many treasures and give Falfaðinn hét herkonungr, er kallaðr var them to his father. This was good both for his wealth Falfaðinn eldingaflug. Hann gerðist konungr yfir and for his station among men. At this time Jóði was Kóruskantborg í Nóregi, ok hét þessu, at hann myndi at an advanced age, but his son was in the prime of verða einvaldskonungr yfir Nóregi. his life. Falfaðinn konungr lá með her sinn í Falfaðinn was the name of a war-king, who Jeðifjǫrðum. Hann sendi menn þar um land á fund was called Falfaðinn lightning-bolt. He became king þeira manna, er eigi hǫfðu komit til hans, er hann of Kóruskantborg in Norway, and swore that he þóttisk erendi við eiga. would become sole king over Norway. Konungs sendimenn kómu til Jóða ok fengu King Falfaðinn lay with his army in the þar góðar viðtǫkur. Þeir báru upp erendi sín, sǫgðu, region of the Jedi Fjords. He sent his men out around at konungr vildi, at Jóði kæmi á fund hans. “Hann the land there to meet those men who had not joined hefir,” sǫgðu þeir, “spurn af, at þú ert gǫfugr maðr him, but whom he thought it would be profitable to ok stórættaðr. Muntu eiga kost af honum virðingar have with him. mikillar. Er konungi mikit kapp á því at hafa með sér The king’s messengers came to Jóði and þá menn, at hann spyrr, at afreksmenn eru at afli ok received a good welcome. They announced their hreysti.” errand, and said that the king wanted Jóði to come Jóði svarar, sagði, at hann var þá gamall, svá meet him. “He has,” they said, “Learned that you are at hann var þá ekki til fœrr at vera úti á herskipum. a noble man and of a great family. You will receive “Mun ek nú heima sitja ok láta af at þjóna great honor from him. The king is very eager to have konungum.” with him those men whom he learns are valiant in Sendimenn fóru í brott, en er þeir kómu til power and physical courage.” konungs, sǫgðu þeir honum allt þat, er Jóðí hafði Jóði answered and said that he was an old man, so that we has not physically capable of going Saga adaptation © 2010-2012 by Jackson Crawford. Illustration © 2011 Katherine Girdaukas. Star Wars & all associated trademarks © Lucasfilm. rætt fyrir þeim. Konungr varð við styggr ok mælti out in warships. “I would rather sit at home now, and um nǫkkurum orðum, sagði, at þeir myndi vera leave off serving kings. menn stórlátir, eða hvat þeir myndi fyrir ætlast. The messengers went away, and when they Maul rauði var þá nær staddr ok bað konung came to the king, they told him everything that Jóði vera eigi reiðan. “Ek mun fara á fund Jóða, ok mun had said to them. The king was angry about this and hann vilja fara á fund yðvarn, þegar er hann veit, at said so in as many words, and declared that Jóði’s yðr þykkir máli skipta.” family was one of proud men, and wondered what Síðan fór Maul á fund Jóða ok sagði honum, kind of offer they would be content with. at konungr var reiðr ok eigi myndi duga, nema Maul the Red was near, and bade the king to leave annarr hvárr þeira feðga fœri til konungs, ok sagði, at aside his anger. “I will go to meet Jóði, and he will þeir myndi fá virðing mikla af konungi, ef þeir vildi want to join you immediately when he learns that it hann þýðask, sagði frá mikit, sem satt var, at means so much to you.” konungr var góðr mǫnnum sínum bæði til fjár ok Then Maul the Red went to meet Jóði, and metnaðar. said to him that the king was angry and that it would Jóði sagði, at þat var hans hugboð, – “at vit not avail, unless one of them, he or his son, went to feðgar munim ekki bera gæfu til þessa konungs, ok the king, and said that they would receive great mun ek ekki fara á fund hans. En ef Dúkú kømr heim honor from the king if they would bow to him. He í sumar, þá mun hann auðbeðinn þessar farar ok svá told him, as was surely the truth, that the king was at gerask konungs maðr. Segðu svá konungi, at ek good to his men, and gave them honor and riches. mun vera vinr hans ok alla menn, þá er at mínum Jóði said that it was his plan “that my son and I not orðum láta, halda til vináttu við hann. Ek mun ok kowtow to this king, and I will not go to meet him. halda inu sama um stjórn ok umboð af hans hendi But if Dúkú comes home this summer, he sem áðr hafða ek af fyrra konungi, ef konungr vill, at will be easily persuaded to this and will want to svá sé, ok enn síðar sjá, hversu semsk með oss become the king’s man. Say to the king, that I will konungi.” gladly be his friend and the friend of all men, who Síðan fór Maul aptr til konungs ok sagði respect my words, and I will hold to my friendship honum, at Jóði myndi senda honum son sinn, ok with him. I also want the same authority and charge sagði, at sá var betr til fallinn, er þá var eigi heima. given to me by him as by earlier kings, if the king Lét konungr þá vera kyrrt. will that it be so, and if he agrees to this we’ll see Dúkú Jóðason ok Meis Vindússon kómu um about whether I’ll serve him.” haustit heim ór víking. Fór Dúkú til fǫður síns. Then Maul went back to the king and told Taka þeir feðgar þá tal sín í milli.
Recommended publications
  • Number Symbolism in Old Norse Literature

    Number Symbolism in Old Norse Literature

    Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Medieval Icelandic Studies Number Symbolism in Old Norse Literature A Brief Study Ritgerð til MA-prófs í íslenskum miðaldafræðum Li Tang Kt.: 270988-5049 Leiðbeinandi: Torfi H. Tulinius September 2015 Acknowledgements I would like to thank firstly my supervisor, Torfi H. Tulinius for his confidence and counsels which have greatly encouraged my writing of this paper. Because of this confidence, I have been able to explore a domain almost unstudied which attracts me the most. Thanks to his counsels (such as his advice on the “Blóð-Egill” Episode in Knýtlinga saga and the reading of important references), my work has been able to find its way through the different numbers. My thanks also go to Haraldur Bernharðsson whose courses on Old Icelandic have been helpful to the translations in this paper and have become an unforgettable memory for me. I‟m indebted to Moritz as well for our interesting discussion about the translation of some paragraphs, and to Capucine and Luis for their meticulous reading. Any fault, however, is my own. Abstract It is generally agreed that some numbers such as three and nine which appear frequently in the two Eddas hold special significances in Norse mythology. Furthermore, numbers appearing in sagas not only denote factual quantity, but also stand for specific symbolic meanings. This tradition of number symbolism could be traced to Pythagorean thought and to St. Augustine‟s writings. But the result in Old Norse literature is its own system influenced both by Nordic beliefs and Christianity. This double influence complicates the intertextuality in the light of which the symbolic meanings of numbers should be interpreted.
  • “The Symmetrical Battle” Extended: Old Norse Fránn and Other Symmetry in Norse-Germanic Dragon Lore

    “The Symmetrical Battle” Extended: Old Norse Fránn and Other Symmetry in Norse-Germanic Dragon Lore

    The Macksey Journal Volume 1 Article 31 2020 “The Symmetrical Battle” Extended: Old Norse Fránn and Other Symmetry in Norse-Germanic Dragon Lore Julian A. Emole University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://www.mackseyjournal.org/publications Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, Classical Literature and Philology Commons, European Languages and Societies Commons, German Linguistics Commons, Indo-European Linguistics and Philology Commons, Medieval Studies Commons, and the Scandinavian Studies Commons Recommended Citation Emole, Julian A. (2020) "“The Symmetrical Battle” Extended: Old Norse Fránn and Other Symmetry in Norse-Germanic Dragon Lore," The Macksey Journal: Vol. 1 , Article 31. Available at: https://www.mackseyjournal.org/publications/vol1/iss1/31 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Johns Hopkins University Macksey Journal. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Macksey Journal by an authorized editor of The Johns Hopkins University Macksey Journal. “The Symmetrical Battle” Extended: Old Norse Fránn and Other Symmetry in Norse-Germanic Dragon Lore Cover Page Footnote The title of this work was inspired by Daniel Ogden's book, "Drakōn: Dragon Myth & Serpent Cult in the Greek & Roman Worlds," and specifically his chapter titled 'The Symmetrical Battle'. His work serves as the foundation for the following outline of the Graeco-Roman dragon and was the inspiration for my own work on the Norse-Germanic dragon. This paper is a condensed version of a much longer unpublished work, which itself is the product of three years worth of ongoing research.
  • Old Norse Gods and Heroes”

    Old Norse Gods and Heroes”

    MEDI 360 (F01) 2006 Selected Topics in Medieval Culture: “Old Norse Gods and Heroes” David Strong Building - Required Texts C108 T. W. F: 1:30 - 2:20 1. Edda 2. The Poetic Edda Instructor: P. A. Baer 3. Nordic Religions.in Office: Cle C153 the Viking Age Office phone: 721-5484 4. Eyrbyggja Saga 5. The Saga of the. Office hours: Volsungs T. W. F: 2:30 - 3:20 Coursepack Email: [email protected] Reserve Texts Course Description This course will provide an overview of the myths, religious beliefs, and heroic traditions of the Vikings up to and including their conversion to Christianity. Primary sources will be studied (in English translation) to provide an understanding of how this knowledge has been preserved and the inherent biases of such material. We will read introductory excerpts from non-Germanic sources including Tacitus and Ibn Fadlan. The major focus of the course, however, will be on medieval Scandinavian sources such as Saxo Grammaticus, Snorri Sturluson, the Icelandic Poetic Edda, and several Icelandic sagas. Examples drawn from archeological artifacts, art works, and movies will also be discussed. Course Objectives 1. To discuss the original sources that preserve knowledge of Norse mythology. 2. To consider concepts and theories relevant to mythological sources. 3. To discuss the Norse world view and religious practices. 4. To examine tensions inherent in the conversion to Christianity. 5. To explore how this mythology has been used in the past and the present. Course Outline for Fall 2006 Texts: NR = Nordic Relgions; SE = Snorri’s Edda; PE = Poetic Edda; SV = Saga of the Volsungs; ES = Eyrbyggja Saga; CP = Coursepack; CWeb = Course webpage Week 1: Sept.
  • Gylfaginning Codex Regius, F

    Gylfaginning Codex Regius, F

    Snorri Sturluson Edda Prologue and Gylfaginning Codex Regius, f. 7v (reduced) (see pp. 26/34–28/1) Snorri Sturluson Edda Prologue and Gylfaginning Edited by ANTHONY FAULKES SECOND EDITION VIKING SOCIETY FOR NORTHERN RESEARCH UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON 2005 © Anthony Faulkes 1982/2005 Second Edition 2005 First published by Oxford University Press in 1982 Reissued by Viking Society for Northern Research 1988, 2000 Reprinted 2011 ISBN 978 0 903521 64 2 Printed by Short Run Press Limited, Exeter Contents Codex Regius, fol. 7v ..........................................................Frontispiece Abbreviated references ....................................................................... vii Introduction ..........................................................................................xi Synopsis ..........................................................................................xi The author ..................................................................................... xii The title ....................................................................................... xvii The contents of Snorri’s Edda ................................................... xviii Models and sources ........................................................................ xx Manuscripts .............................................................................. xxviii Bibliography ...............................................................................xxxi Text .......................................................................................................
  • Gary Holland Kennings, Metaphors, And

    Gary Holland Kennings, Metaphors, And

    Gary Holland Kennings, metaphors, and semantic formulae in Norse dróttkvætt (Arkiv för Nordisk Filologi, 120 (2005), 123-147) The past quarter century has witnessed a remarkable proliferation of monograph-length studies of skaldic poetry, ranging in scope from the general introductory surveys by E. O. G. Turville Petre (1976), Roberta Frank (1978), Klaus von See (1980), and Régis Boyer (1990) to the magisterial and highly technical study by Hans Kuhn (1983), the detailed investigation of dróttkvætt rhythms by Kristján Árnason (1991), and the recent work by Kari Ellen Gade (1995). Edith Marold (1983) and Thomas Krömmelbein (1983) have also published book-length studies of aspects of skaldic verse. These monographs lead their existence against a backdrop of substantial articles by such scholars as John Lindow (1975), Frederic Amory (1982, 1988, 1997), Bjarne Fidjestøl (1974, 1979; translation 1997), Peter Hallberg (1978), and the critical bibliographical survey of recent scholarship by Roberta Frank (1985). Of central concern in any investigation of skaldic verse is the treatment accorded to kennings, which, after all, are the single most striking feature of skaldic verse. And within the treatment of kennings, the role played by metaphor is perhaps the single most complex and controversial feature. Therefore, it comes as no surprise that the role of metaphor in the functioning of Old Norse kennings has also received a fair amount of attention during the same period. Much of this attention, however, has been focused on definitional issues, with scholars arguing variously that kennings are metaphors or that they are not. A principal reason for denying the metaphoricality of kennings appears to have been aesthetic: since kennings do not have the same aesthetic effect as metaphors in the western poetic canon, they cannot be metaphors.
  • The Goddess: Myths of the Great Mother Christopher R

    The Goddess: Myths of the Great Mother Christopher R

    Gettysburg College Faculty Books 2-2016 The Goddess: Myths of the Great Mother Christopher R. Fee Gettysburg College David Leeming University of Connecticut Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/books Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, Folklore Commons, and the Religion Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Fee, Christopher R., and David Leeming. The Goddess: Myths of the Great Mother. London, England: Reaktion Press, 2016. This is the publisher's version of the work. This publication appears in Gettysburg College's institutional repository by permission of the copyright owner for personal use, not for redistribution. Cupola permanent link: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/books/95 This open access book is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Goddess: Myths of the Great Mother Description The Goddess is all around us: Her face is reflected in the burgeoning new growth of every ensuing spring; her power is evident in the miracle of conception and childbirth and in the newborn’s cry as it searches for the nurturing breast; we glimpse her in the alluring beauty of youth, in the incredible power of sexual attraction, in the affection of family gatherings, and in the gentle caring of loved ones as they leave the mortal world. The Goddess is with us in the everyday miracles of life, growth, and death which always have surrounded us and always will, and this ubiquity speaks to the enduring presence and changing masks of the universal power people have always recognized in their lives.
  • Viking Art, Snorri Sturluson and Some Recent Metal Detector Finds. Fornvännen 113

    Viking Art, Snorri Sturluson and Some Recent Metal Detector Finds. Fornvännen 113

    •• JOURNAL OF SWEDISH ANTIQUARIAN RESEARCH 2018:1 Art. Pentz 17-33_Layout 1 2018-02-16 14:37 Sida 17 Viking art, Snorri Sturluson and some recent metal detector finds By Peter Pentz Pentz, P., 2018. Viking art, Snorri Sturluson and some recent metal detector finds. Fornvännen 113. Stockholm. This paper seeks to contribute to a recent debate on the use of private metal detect- ing and its value within archaeology. Specifically it explores – by presenting some recently found Viking Period artefacts from Denmark – how private metal detect- ing can contribute to our understanding of Viking minds. By bringing together the myths as related by Snorri Sturluson in the early 13th century with the artefacts, I argue that thanks to private metal detecting through the last decades, our ability to recognise Viking art as narrative art has improved substantially. Peter Pentz, National Museum of Denmark, Ny Vestergade 10, DK–1471 København K [email protected] Over 60 years ago, Thorkild Ramskou (1953) the main problems in understanding Viking art described Viking art as almost exclusively deco- is the scarcity of reference materials. We largely rative, only functioning as a covering for plain know Norse mythology and its narratives through surfaces. In the rare cases where it was represen- Medieval Christian authors, in particular Snorri. tative, quality was poor. Viking artists, he stated, Hence, the myths have come down to us biased, preferred to portray scenes from myths of the reinterpreted and even now and then propagan- gods and heroic legends. Such scenes functioned dised. Furthermore, what survived is only a selec- as mnemonics; for the viewer they would recall tion.
  • „Hold Loðir Yðr Í Klóm“

    „Hold Loðir Yðr Í Klóm“

    Hugvísindasvið „Hold loðir yðr í klóm“ Hrafnar og heiðin minni Ritgerð til BA-prófs í íslensku Aðalheiður Elfríð Heiðarsdóttir Maí 2015 Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Íslenska „Hold loðir yðr í klóm“ Hrafnar og heiðin minni Ritgerð til BA-prófs í íslensku Aðalheiður Elfríð Heiðarsdóttir Kt.: 190287-3279 Leiðbeinandi: Ármann Jakobsson Maí 2015 Ágrip Í heiðnum sið voru hrafnarnir Huginn og Muninn þekktir á miðöldum fyrir hlutverk sín sem boðberar Óðins og fjölmiðlar miðaldanna. Nöfn þeirra koma víða að, meðal annars í ýmsum kvæðum og ritum. Hins vegar hefur minna borið á umfjöllun annarra hrafna þessa tíma og samband þeirra við goðheima og heiðinn sið því lítið rannsakað. Til umfjöllunar í ritgerðinni eru hrafnar og mismunandi birtingarmyndir þeirra í bókmenntum á 13. og 14. öld. Þróunarsaga fuglanna verður ekki skoðuð heldur einungis litið til þessa tímabils. Ekki verður einvörðungu litið til hrafna Óðins heldur verða ónafngreindir hrafnar mismunandi rita og kvæða teknir fyrir líka og þeirra birtingarmyndir skoðaðar. Helstu rit sem notuð eru til heimilda um hrafna á þessu tímabili eru meðal annars valin eddukvæði úr Eddukvæðum í útgáfu Gísla Sigurðssonar, dróttkvæðið Haraldskvæði | Hrafnsmál, Snorra-Edda í útgáfu Finns Jónssonar og Íslendingabók: Landnámabók í útgáfu Jakobs Benediktssonar. Í inngangi er minnst lauslega á hrafna Óðins, Hugin og Munin, og hlutverk þeirra sem fjölmiðla miðalda. Síðan er meginviðfangsefni ritgerðarinnar, ásamt köflum hennar, kynnt til sögunnar og að lokum sett fram rannsóknarspurning. Kannað verður hvort hlutverk hrafna hafi ef til vill verið stærra í lífi fólks á 13. og 14. öld en hingað til hefur verið talið. Tilgangurinn er því að rýna í samband fuglanna við goðheima og hvernig það samband birtist í kvæðum og lausamáli.
  • Scandinavian Studies Fall 2009

    Scandinavian Studies Fall 2009

    Department of Scandinavian Studies The University of Wisconsin-Madison Scandinavian Studies Department Newsletter FALL 2009 VOLUME XII, ISSUE I A Message from the Chair, Kirsten Wolf As this newsletter is being put together, faculty, staff, and students are busy wrapping up the fall semester. Our annual gløgg party on December 17th will mark the end of instruction. With forty undergraduate majors in the Department and no fewer than twenty-two graduate students, it has been a busy year for fac- ulty and staff, and we look forward to toasts and good cheer. The fall semester has been both joyous and sad. We have had the pleasure of including among our faculty Visiting Fulbright Professor Kirsten Thisted from the Department of Minority Studies at the University of Copenhagen, who has taught a highly successful course on Greenland: Past, Present, and Future. We Inside this issue: have thoroughly enjoyed having Kirsten as a colleague. The Department has also been very fortunate to receive not only a generous Department mourns 2 award from the Barbro Osher Foundation to support the Department's interna- Niels Ingwersen tional language floor Norden, but also a grant from the Seattle-based Scan|Design Foundation to support the teaching of Danish-related courses. The Visiting Professor 3 grant from Scan|Design will enable the Department to fund the teaching of a new literature course on Danish and Scandinavian science and crime fiction Kirsten Thisted (Criminal Utopias) during the spring of 2010 and 2011. We are most grateful for the two awards and also for many other gifts and donations, which are vital to Memories of the Depart- 4 helping the Department take advantage of special opportunities.
  • Skaldic Slam: Performance Poetry in the Norwegian Royal Court

    Skaldic Slam: Performance Poetry in the Norwegian Royal Court

    Lokaverkefni til MA–gráðu í Norrænni trú Félagsvísindasvið Skaldic Slam: Performance Poetry in the Norwegian Royal Court Anna Millward Leiðbeinandi: Terry Gunnell Félags- og mannvísindadeild Félagsvísindasvið Háskóla Íslands December 2014 Norrænn trú Félags- og mannvísindadeild 1 Anna Millward MA in Old Nordic Religions: Thesis MA Kennitala: 150690-3749 Winter 2014 DEDICATION AND DISCLAIMER I owe special thanks to Prof. Terry Gunnell for his continued encouragement, help and enthusiasm throughout the process of researching and writing this dissertation. Many of the ideas put forward in this dissertation are borne out of interesting conversations and discussions with Prof. Gunnell, whose own work inspired me to take up this subject in the first place. It is through Prof. Gunnell’s unwavering support that this thesis came into being and, needless to say, any mistakes or errors are mine entirely. Ritgerð þessi er lokaverkefni til MA–gráðu í Norrænni Trú og er óheimilt að afrita ritgerðina á nokkurn hátt nema með leyfi rétthafa. © Anna Millward, 2014 Reykjavík, Ísland 2014 2 Anna Millward MA in Old Nordic Religions: Thesis MA Kennitala: 150690-3749 Winter 2014 CONTENTS Introduction pp. 5-13 Chapter 1. Skálds, Scholar, and the Problem of the Pen 1.1. What is Skaldic Poetry? pp. 14-15 1.2. Form and Function pp. 15-22 1.3. Preservation Context pp. 22-24 1.4. Scholarly Approaches to Skaldic Verse p. 25 1.5. Skaldic Scholarship: post-1970s pp. 26-31 1.6. Early Skaldic Scholarship: pre-1970s pp. 31-36 1.7. Skaldic as Oral Poetry, Oral Poetry as Performance pp. 36-43 1.8.
  • What If? Ed Gross Had Thor's Hammer in His Collection

    What If? Ed Gross Had Thor's Hammer in His Collection

    TM WHAT IF? ED GROSS HAD THOR’S HAMMER IN HIS COLLECTION What If? Action Scene written by Quinn Murphy Thor Datafile designed by Cam Banks he Breakout Mini-Event in the MARVEL HEROIC Matthew Gandy Judd Karlman TROLEPLAYING BASIC GAME has the New Avengers assembling to stop a prison break at the Development Raft, followed by an excursion to the Savage Land. Cam Banks Among the escaped inmates is Dirk Garthwaite Dave Chalker AKA the Wrecker, who in New Avengers #7 is recap- Editing tured while trying to recover his enchanted crow- Amanda Valentine bar. The Wrecker’s old foe, Thor, wasn’t involved in this battle because he was missing at the time, Based on Marvel presumed dead. This bonus content not only adds Heroic Roleplaying by that Action Scene to the Mini-Event, but it asks the Cam Banks (design lead) Rob Donoghue question: What if Thor’s hammer was in the same Matt Forbeck collection of artifacts as the Wrecker’s crowbar? Will Hindmarch This bonus content for the Basic Game mini-event Breakout Philippe-Antoine Ménard includes the following: Jesse Scoble X An Action Scene based on New Avengers #7, with unlockables Layout for Mjolnir and Thor Jeremy Keller X Villain datafiles for the Wrecker and his Wrecking Crew X A new hero datafile for Thor Graphic Design Concepts John Harper Art Marvel Bullpen marvel.com TM & © 2012 Marvel & Subs. 1 ACTION: CATCHING UP WITH THE WRECKING CREW The heroes are tracking down villains that escaped from the Raft during the Breakout event, and the Wrecker is next on their list.
  • The Definite Article and Demonstrative Determiners in Transitional

    The Definite Article and Demonstrative Determiners in Transitional

    THE DEFINITE ARTICLE AND DEMONSTRATIVE DETERMINERS IN TRANSITIONAL ICELANDIC: A CASE STUDY IN ODDUR GOTTSKÁLKSSON’S NEW TESTAMENT, MATTHEW 1-17 by JACKSON CRAWFORD (Under the direction of Jared S. Klein) ABSTRACT In this paper I address the use of demonstrative determiners in the first known translation of the New Testament into Icelandic - that of Oddur Gottskálksson, published in 1540. This thesis is chiefly concerned with what identifiable semantic purpose these determiners serve in the language of Oddur, and what this can tell us about this transitional period between Classical Old Icelandic and the Icelandic of today. However, I argue that this translation is heavily influenced by the language of the Vulgate Bible, and so caution must be exercised in attributing all its forms to the spoken Icelandic of the period. INDEX WORDS: Definite Article, Determiner, Icelandic, Oddur Gottskálksson, Norse, New Testament, Matthew THE DEFINITE ARTICLE AND DEMONSTRATIVE DETERMINERS IN TRANSITIONAL ICELANDIC: A CASE STUDY IN ODDUR GOTTSKÁLKSSON’S NEW TESTAMENT, MATTHEW 1-17 by JACKSON CRAWFORD B.A., Texas Tech University, 2005 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS ATHENS, GEORGIA 2008 © 2008 Jackson Crawford All Rights Reserved THE DEFINITE ARTICLE AND DEMONSTRATIVE DETERMINERS IN TRANSITIONAL ICELANDIC: A CASE STUDY IN ODDUR GOTTSKÁLKSSON’S NEW TESTAMENT, MATTHEW 1-17 by JACKSON CRAWFORD Major Professor: Jared S. Klein Committee: Jonathan D. Evans Peter A. Jorgensen Electronic version Approved: Maureen Grasso Dean of the Graduate School The University of Georgia May 2008 iv DEDICATION To my grandparents, June and Dorothy Crawford, for making possible my education, by beginning it.