2. States, Germany, England and Wales, South Africa, Brazil.2 However, it must be pointed out that this is a report of only Bible society or agency circulation fig­ ures; it does not include Bibles or Testaments printed or sold by other publishing houses and their branches. llIt is impossible in most countries other than English­ speaking countries to purchase a Protestant Bible in a regular book store unless it has been published by one of the Bible societies~ I can think of no Protestant edi­ tions, aside from English, that are commercially published."3

The American Bible Society in 1956 distributed at home and abroad: 1,007,560 Bibles; 1,681,115 Testaments; and 12,481,383 portions; a total of 15,170,058~ Theso Scriptures were in 193 languages, and sold in more than 60 countries. Manuscripts for translations into 72 languages (of fourteen countries) were examined, and five important revisions were issued.4

The British and Foreign Bible Society in 1956 circulated 1,556,134 Bibles; 1,206,272 New Testaments; and 7,194,666 portions; a total of 9,957,052. These fig­ ures do not include the Society's share of circulation in Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Indo~esiao Current translations and revisions associated 1Jith the Society num­ ber 232 0 ' The Bible cont:Lnues to be published, circulated, and studied in lands under Communist rule. For example, in China today--IIThe activity and scope of the work of the China Bible House in Shanghai in the years since 1949 has been most gratifying and encouraging. The follOWing Scriptures have been distributed in ~ainland China since 1949: 171 3 278 full Bibles; 170,493 New Testaments, and 3,199,282 portions•••• In order to maintain supplies of Scriptures to carry out this circulation there have been printed in China forty.•three editions (from old plates already in the country) &e.~Seven Bible Houses are ~~intained - at Shanghai, Kunming, Mukden, Hankow, Peking, Chungking, and Canton, while there are, in addition, six agencies. 1I 6

And, yet, the production of Scriptures in the languages of mankind is Still far from adequate. IIIn a recent study made by Dr~ Eric North, it is shown that the Bible societies of the world still distribute fewer Scriptures in the lands where they are almost exclusively responsible for Scripture distribution than in the lands where, along with their work, there are great Scripture publishing houses and many thousands of Christian churches and agencies at ~lork••••In the areas of greatest missionary need, the Bible societies distribute annually only one item of Scripture for every 154 people, but in lands of large Christian populations, the societies is­ sue one for every 28 peopleo"7

We have selected only a few items of news from current reports on Bible translation and distribution; they are not mere cold statistics but living and in­ spiring facts. The purpose of this Bulletin is to list important sources of infor­ mation in this area of Christian work and interest and to provide a bibliography of references available at the Missionary Research Library.

2. The Romance of Bible Translation

Today the Bible has becoffie a truly universal book in a world that still poss­ esses a Babel of tongues. In all the major languages and in aundreds .bi regional and tribal dialects the \vord of God speaks to God's worId, The Bible is called lithe silent missionary,1I llthe nnfettered missionary,1I lithe book of a thousand tongues." It crosses political, cyltural, and linguistic barriers~ It is a bond of union be­ tween Christians under widely different governments and in sharply contrasting civilizations. But this has not always been true. On the eve of European printing 3.

in the m1ddl&~ the fifteenth century the Bible had been tran~late~ into only 33 languages. By 1800 less than on~ hundre~ languages - 71 languages and dialects, to be exaot - had some portion of the Holy Scriptures. The great advance in Vlorltl­ wide translation has taken place largely within the modern missionary era.

The history of Bible translation is full of absorbing interest. It reaches back to the translation of the Hebrew Old Testament into Greek - the Septuagint version - in the second century before Christ. From this version the New Testament writers frequently quoted. After the establishment of the Christian Church there came a translation of both Testaments into Syriac (2nd century), Jerome's Vul~e Latin translation (4th and 5th centuries), Ulfilas' Gothic Bible(4th century), the Slavonic translation (9th century). Not until the 12th century were there versions in modern European languages. The first printed Bible was the llGutenbl,lrg Biblell (Latin), about 1456; the first printed Bible in a modern language was the German Bible in 1466; the first translation in a far, eastenn language was made by Ziegen.. balg in 1714 (Tamil language of India). For an excellent brief summary of Bible translation in Church history the student may consult the article, IlBible Versions fl by Professor Bruce M. Metzger of Princeton Theological Seminary in ~he Twentieth Century Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge (The NeVI Schaff-Herzog Religious Encyclopedia), Grand Rapids, Baker Book House, 1955. An older but still useful book is The Bible Among ~ Nations J -by John Walter Beardslee (N. Y., Revell, 1899), which contains some fascinating stories in connection with the older translations.

For the history of Scripture translations \li t hi n the past tNl0 centuries, the student will find no better source than books by the secretaries of The British and Foreign Bible Society and the American Bible Society.

Early in the 20th century T.H. Dar-Lou and H.F. Maule published a scholarly and accurate Historical Catalogue of 'the BriIlted Editions B! ~ SOll!t.ptm-e 1£ the Library of The British and Foreign Bible Society (London, The Bible House, 1903­ 1911). The book is now out of print; 500 copies were published of which the Mis~ sionary Research Library possesses Number 102. The B F B S Library contains spec~ mens of printed Scripture in more than one fuhodsartd languages, including those pub­ lished by other Bible societies and organizations, missionary societies~ university and private printers.

The same Bible Society published The Gospel i!! ~ ~~, by R. Kilgour, in 1929; this book lists 886 translations in chronological order. In 1933 the Soc­ aet,y first published ~ Gospel in Many Tongues; a revised edition was issued in 1954, and is available from the American Bible Society as well as in London. This attractive volume furnishes specimens of John 3:16 in 826 languages, alphabetically arranged. Included also is a list of various characters or writing forms used in Bib1t..e translation over the world. An index of the rrany words used for "Godll covers nine pages.

Two surveys of Scripture translations in current use were prepared abo-rt the same time by scholars in the British and American Bible Societies. The Bible Throughout th~ World, by R. Kilgour, was issued by 'Lvorld Dominion Press, London,-in 1939. Dr. Kilgour was a translator of the Old Testament into Nepali, for thirty­ three years Secretary for Translations in the British and Foreign Bible Society, and for a long time in charge in the Bible House Library. His arrangement and de­ scription of Bible versions is by geographical areas. Some interesting comparisons are included. Africa, which was late in receiving~ now outstripped all other con­ tinents in the number of languages possessing portions of Scripture. In 1804 there 4. were only four African translations in existence; in 1938 the number vms 276. What devoted and sacrificial labors lay between these dates cannot be adequately pictured. It is significant to note that No~th Africa, once strongly Christian, and later lost to Islam, had no Bible in the vernacular until the nineteenth century. The author closes with a brief appraisal of past accomplishments and a suggestion of what re­ ~ains to be done.

The Book of ~ Thousand Tongues,8edited by Dr. Eric M. North of the American Bible Society (N. Y., Harper and Bros., 1938), is an outstanding volume of 368 pages, beautifully printed and illustrated. The story of both ancient and modern trans­ lations is attractively told. Specimens of Scripture passages in 1,018 languages and dialects are vividly reproduced; for only thirty languages were specimens UD­ available. Samples of editions for the blind, first published in 1833, are in­ cluded. Along with illustrations from the major languages is informative material about the various translations and translators. The arrangement of languages is alphabetical; chronological and geographic indexes are added. Dr. North has some excellent special articles on the relation of Scripture translation to the mission­ ary movement, the story of the Bible societies, and the difficulties involved in mastering new languages and translating Biblical truths into vernacular speech. He estimates that translations now exist for nine-tenths of the world's population; most major languages have the whole Bible. Yet revisions must constantly be made as languages change and grow, and hundreds of smaller dialects need translations of the complete Bible or of portions. An interesting section of the book lists the Bibles in which two or more translations are printed together, polyglot Bibles: there are 138 diglot editions and 33 editions in which three or more parallel trans­ lations are found - up to twelve. Dr. North~s book should be in the library of every minister and missionary and every student of world Christianity. It gives fresh meaning to Charles Wesley's great hYmn, printed on the first page of the book, "0 for a thousand tongues to sing, rw great Redeemer~s praise." 3. Western Versions of the Bible

Translations of the Bible into English and European languages still have an impo~tant place in the world mission. They are used in personal ~ding and study by western missionaries; they are taught to the student class in many countries; they are a bond of understanding and union in ecumenical conversations and gather­ ings. Although translators into other languages work directly from the originml Hebrew and Greek, yet they find much ~p also from the many western versions and their long history.

The story of English versions of the Bible is in many books, commentaries, and encyclopedias. Volume I of the Interpreter's Bible (N. Y. Abingdon Press, 1952­ 1957) contains an article, liThe English Bible," by Professor Allen Wikgren of the University of Chicago, that traces the English Bible from the coming of Christianity in Britaan to the present time. Some of the significant versions have been: Lindis­ farne Gospels (7th century manuscript); Shoreham Psalter (14th century manuscript); 1s John Wycliffe 's translation (first complete English Bible, 1382-1400); Tyndale New Testament (1525) and most of the Old Testament (1536); translations between 1536 and 1611 - Coverdale; Matthew; Taverner; the Great B1~le; the Geneva Bible; the Bishops 1 Bible; and the King James Version (1611). Roman Catholic translations w~re the Reims-Douai version (1582-1609) and the Richard Challoner version (1749-50, with revisions in 1791, 1862, and 1941). ~ Ready-~eference History of the ~ngl1sh -Bible is published by the American Bible Society (3rd ed. 1952). Modern English translations include: The English Rev~ Version (1885); 5. Revised Version (American Standard Edition, (1901); James Moffatt's Historical New Testament (1901); ~~entieth Century New Testament (1898-1904); Weymouth's New Testa­ ~ ill Modern Speech (1903); Moffatt's second translation of the New Testament and Old Testament translation (1923-1924); Goodspeed's New Testament, an American Trans­ lation (1923); and the Old Testament, ~ American Translation by J:-M. P. Smiti1""a'i1'd a group of scholars (192'7T the latter two published in one volume as The Bible, An t American Translation (1931); J. W. C. Wand r s The New Testament liltters-rl946). The Revised Standard Version of the New Testament-rl94bT and of the Old Testament (1952), now published also as one volume, have seid more than six million copies (Thomas Nelson and Sons, New York, publishers). J. B. Phillips has produced popular modern translations: Letters to Young Churches (1948); ~ Gospels Translated Into MOdern English (1952); ~ Youn~ Church in Action; !. Translation 2.f ~ Acts of the A}os­ tles (1955); The Book 2! Revelation; ~ New Translation of ~ APocal~se (1957 • f New Translation ~ ~ English by Charles Kingsley Williams (1952 is espeCial­ ly helpful fo translators. M3.rtin Luther's famous translation of the Bible, which appeared in 1534, has undergone only minor revisions since that time, but is still most widely used. Re­ visions or new translations have been made in many other European languages.. The French translation by Louis Segond is popular with French Protestants. A revision of the Reims-Challoner version (Roman Catholic) was issued in 1941. The important translation for American Catholics is !he Holy Bible•••Translated•• ~by membersdr the Catholic Biblical Association of America and sponsored by the Episcopal Com­ mittee of the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. (St. Anthony Guild Press, Pater­ son, N. J., Gen.-Ruth, 1952; Job-Sirach, 1955). The New Testament version of 1941, mentioned above, will be revised along the lines of the rest of the work. The pre­ sent New Testament and the published parts of the Old Testament are now combined \dth the other parts of the Douai-Challoner text in several editions. The Right Reverend Monsignor Ronald A. Knox, eminent Ronan Catholic scholar of England, pub­ lished his brilliant translation of the New Testament in 1944, and the Old Testament in ),,949. 4. The Bible Societies The narrative of the Bible societies has been interwoven with that of the modern missionary movement; each has inspired the other. Four major societies have been engaged in translation, publication, and distribution of the Scriptures. The names of these four societies, with brief data about their founding and organization, are given in chronological order:

~~:;.:;..:~~.....;.;.;;.;.;;;..~..=...::-=;,;;-;B;;.:i;;:;b::-::l;;.;;;e~S~o.;;.;ci;;.e;,,;t~. Headquarters: 146, Queen Victoria Street, , England. The Rev. Dr. William J. Platt, General Secretary. Founded M3.rch 7, 1804, at the time of the Napoleonic threat to Britain. At a meet!!­ ing of three hundred interested persons over seven hundred pounds were subscribed. The work spread rapidly over the world. By 1817 more than 800,000 Bibles had been printed and an equal number of New Testaments. In its 152 years of history the Soe ciety has published Scriptures in 844 languages. In the first hundred years, over ten million copies of Scriptures and Scripture portions were circulated in China alone. Agencies and cooperating Bible Houses are found in all parts of the world. Netherlands Bible Society (Nederlands-Bijbelgenootschap). Headquarters: Eerangracht 366, Amsterdam C., Netherlands. Baron F. S. S. F. Van Tuyll van Serooskerken, Secretary. Founded in 1814. The foreign work of this Society has been chiefly in Indonesia. Dr. Hendrik Kraemer was long connected with the Society. 6. American Bible Society. Headquarters: 450 Park Avenue, New York 22, N. Y. Secretaries: Rev. Dr. Eric M. North (Research and Counsel); Rev. Robert Taylor (Promotion and Public Relations); Rev. Dr. Eugene ~~~ida (Translations); Rev. Richard H. Ellingson (Distribution in the U.S.A.); Rev. Paul A. Collyer (Latin America and Europe); Rev. L. E. Holmgren (Asia, Africa, and Pacific Islands). The American Bible Society was founded in New York on May 8, 1816, by a group especially concerned for evangelism on the frontier and among North American Indians. For a short time the needs of the United States claimed major attention. But as early as 1820 efforts were made to distribute Scriptures in South America and funds were sent in the early years for assistance of William Carey in India and Robert Morrison in China. After 1830 interest in Bible translations for new immigrants from Europe developed. The work of the Society soon became international in scope. National Bible Society of Scotland. Headquarters: 5, St. Andrew Square, Edinburgh 2, Scotland. The Rev. William C. Somerville, Ph.D., General Secretary. This Society was formed in 1861 by the union of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Bible Soc­ ieties, founded respectively in 1809 and 1812, together with other Bible societies of Scotland. The Society carries on an extensive program at home and abroad, in cooperation with foreign missionary agencies. In 1932, The British and Foreign Bible Society and the American Bible Soc­ iety, in order to avoid competition and to provide a basis for the development of national Bible societies, began to integrate their work in various countries. By 1947, all of the Bible societies' operations in South America, in the Near East from Bulgaria to Iraq,in the Sudan, and in Japan and China were consolidated, with sup­ port from both societies and joint or "trusteed" administration. Since then, either through national Bible societies which have been established or through Joint Agen­ cies, the consolidation of work on the field has included Korea, India, Congo, and France. This is probably the largest and most extensive example of missionary soc­ iety cooperation. Among the national Bible societies, consequent upon this movement, are those in Japan, China, Brazil, India and Ceylon, France, and Indonesia.9 After World War II, conscious that the contemporaneousness of the task re­ quired the cooperation of all Bible societies, there was formed in 1946 at Elfins­ ward in England the United Bible Societies. This is a lJorld-wide fellowship of the national Bible societies of the following countries: The British and Foreign Bible Society, American Bible Society, National Bible Society of Scotland, Netherlands Bible Society, Austrian Bible Committee, Belgian Bible Society, Bible Society of India and Ceylon"Brazilian Bible Society, British and Foreign Bible Society in Australia, British and Foreign Bible Society in Canada, British and Foreign Bible Society in New Zealand, Danish Bible Society, Finnish Bible Society, French Bible Committee, Hibernian Bible Society (Ireland), Icelandic Bible Society, Indonesian Bible Society, Japan Bible Society, Korean Bible Society, Norwegian Bible Society, Swedish Bible Society, Swiss Bible Society, Union of Evangelical Bible Societies in Germany. The China Bible House was a member at the beginning but later withclJmw. The addresses of all these societies are printed on the inside of the back cover­ page of The Bulletin of the United Bible Societies. The united organization works in the common interests of all societies; it gathers data, studies problems, pro­ ,ddes special services, and makes contacts with other ecumenical bodies. One of its most active committees is the sub-eommittee on translation. The counetl or standing committee meets annually.

The headquarters of the United Bible Societies is at 146 Queen Victoria Street, London, E. C. 4, England. The President is the Rt. Rev. Donald Coggan, Bishop of Bradford; the General Secretary is Nr. Olivier B~guin; the Study SecEetary is the Rev. E. H. Robertson. 7. The best sources for the history of the Bible societies are found in their o~v.n excellent libraries, in annual reports and files of periodicals, in copies of various Bible translations and versions which have~published, in archives of correspondence, and in special voluRes of historical research. The following materials are catalogued in the Missionary Research Library: British and Foreign Bible Society. Annual Reports, 1805 to date. American Bible Society. Annual Reports, 1816 to date. National Bible Society of Scotland. Annual Reports, 1860 to date. Netherlands Bible Society. Annual Reports, 1900 to date. THE BIBLE IN THE WORID (By-monthly journal of The British and Foreign Bible Socriety). 1852 to date. BIBIiE S66IBT¥ RE600fl (monthly journal of the American Bible Society). 1856 to date. BULLETIN OF THE UNITED BIBLE SOCIETIES (quarterly journal of the United Bible Societies). 1950 to date. THE BIBLE TRANSLATOR (quarterly journal for translators, published by United Bible Societies). 1950 to date. FOR EVERY LAND (semi-monthly journal for children and youth, published by The British and Foreign Bible Society). 1880 to date (incomplete file). TRANSLATION (quarterly journal of vJycl i ff e Bible Translators). 1943 to date (incomplete file).

A la~ge collection of reports from other Bible 500ieties and agencies in various countries is also in the Missionary Research Libr~ry. The libraries of the Bible societies should be consulted for detailed information on Bible distribution in each country and for exhibits of Scripture versions e Three standard histories of the older Bible societies have been written, but theyhaye not been brought up to.date. ·In 1904 appeared ~ History of ~ . British and Foreign Bible Society in five volumes, by "\11. A. Canton (London, Jolm Vmrray). Henry Otis Wright ,irote The Centennial History of the American Bible Society (N. Y., M3.cmillan, 1916). The first fifty years of the Paris Bible Society are recorded in Histo±re de la Soci~te Biblique Protestante de Paris, 1818-1868, by E. O. Douen (Paris, leSociete Biblique Protestante, 18681: ~Minoru Toyoda has written! Short History of ~ Japanese Translations of the Bible (The Japan Bible Society,~7), which is of special interest in view of the new Kogotai trans­ lation, entirely by Japanese scholars, which has recently been published. The ROlT'ance of th~ Book by Charles E. Edwa~ds (N. Y., Revell, 1932, 01927) is awe]l­ written brief account of the great Bible societies, their history, and far-reaching activities. The Egede Instituttet in Oslo published, in 1950, Norske misjonaerer son bibeloversettere, edited by H. Chr. Marnen, with a summary in English.

5. The ~~ £! !eEguages and the Art of Translation The translation of the Holy Scriptures into all the major languages, ancient and modern, and into hundreds of lesser languages and dialects, would not have been possible without a scholarly knowledge of the Hebrew and Oreek texts on the one hand and, on the other, earnest, unremitting study of the spoken vernacular and written ~ord into which the translation must be made. The difficulties of the early trans­ lators, who labored in countries ~lhere no d±ctionaries or grammars existed, can hardly be imagined. The contribution of Bible translation to our knowlegge of the world's languages, both those with an existing literature and those with no previous alphabet/and literature, is now widely recognized. 8.

Edwin W. Smith in 'Ehe Shrine of ~ People's Soul (London, Edinburgh House, 1929) tells the fascinating experiences of early missionaries who struggled with ne~ languages in order that the Bible might be put into the mother tongue - lithe music of heart and home" - of all peoples and tribes. The French Academy estinetes that more than 2,700 different languages and dialects are spoken in the world today. The Bible has already been translated into the speech of ninety per cent or more of the earth's population, but there still exist many small tribes and dialect g~oaps which have no intelligible portion of Scripture to use. Many minor tongues and dialects will, Dr. Smith says, pass away in time; meanwhile the people who speak them must be given the Word in a form that they can understand.

Great progress has been made in the science of linguistics and in methods of language study. It is a mistake, we are told, to think of primitive languages as simple and easy to learn; their vocabular~~s and construction are often marked by incredible complexity and richness. To understand the Old and New Testaments in their original meaning and at the same time to convey the sense of words, phrases, and whole passages clearly and forcefully into another language - spoken or written - demands the utmost intellectual and spiritual discipline. After many decades of experience in sponsoring and guiding Bible translation, The British and Foreign Bible Society prepared a manual of rules for translators. This was later used as the basis of a similar manual issued by the American Bible Society, ~ Guid~ f£E. Translators) Re'Visors, and Editors Working in Connection With Hi th~ American Bible Society (N. Y., American Bible Society, 1932): A complete:J;y revised edition is now in the press. Some of the more important principles may here be mentioned. "Utmost fidelity and accuracy, in prayerful dependence on the Hdly Spirit" is asked of all translators. Whenever possible, the translation should be made from the original languages. The Trar.slation Committee should include nationals as well as westerners; today the trend is toward a predominance of nationals. Where possible,consultations should be held with representatives of the leading churches using the language. It is expected that translators will meet high scholarly and linguistic qualifications. The translation ought to be faithful, yet in the col­ loquial speech of the people, with avoidance as far as possible of paraphrases. No annotations are to be added in official translations. The Bible societies give valuable suggestions regarding the translations of terms for "God" and other famil­ iar Bible words. The -.verb "baptize" should be translated so as to indicate the various modes of baptism or be simply transliterated. The r~nual gives rules for preparation of manuscripts, accurate transcription, printing, proof~reading, etc. The American Bible Society provides translators with a number of additional he~s in the way of check-lists, background commentaries, suggested section heads, refer­ ences, etc lI Dr. Eugene A. Nida, Secretary for Translations in the American Bible Soc­ iety, is a noted authority on linguistics and the techniques of translatiODi He has written many useful and solid books and articles in this field. God's Wortl and I'13.n's language (N. Y., Harper and Bros. 19.52) discusses the hunan-interest aspects ~anslation. He read about the obstacles in new languages - strange sounds, peculiar figures of speech, unusual grammar, rare constructions - and the danger of overlite~l translation. Interesting stories are told about translations and trans­ lators, and illustrations are given of how particular Bible words and phrases may be put into new forms of speech. Often it seems impossible to find the right corr­ esponding phrase for such words as faith, confidence, love, patience, peace, hope, repentance, salvation, grace, self-denial, co~~on, glory, worship; but in the end the search is always rewarded; a word is found which can serve as a cup to-hold the water of life. One example given is the rendering of John 3: 16 into the tribal

13.

7. L. t. Hol..mgtoen. IlA Modern Miraole of TOl18\lesll in Bulletin at the United Bible Soeieties, No. 30, 2nd Q.uartel', 1957. p.59.

8. This valuable beak, we are intonned, is now out of print. A revis~on is in prooess end a nEJlV ed1tlmn Will be published.

9. Dr. Erie North is largely responsible for the phre.aing of this pe.re.graph.

10. "The signif10enM of the Bible in the World Tode,y" in The Bible 1n the World. (The British Blld Foreign Bible Sooiety, London), July-August 1957, p. 58.

A SELECTED LIST OF OID AND UNUSUAL BIBLE EDITIONS IN THE LIRT.M.RY OF UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, NEW YORK 3041 Broa.dw~, New York, N. Y.

~. Ill\Jlll1nated Manusor:!.pt. Frenoh, 13th e , Vulgate. 488 leaves. Also, en English Vulgate menusoript of the same period. 530 leaves.

~~. Nuremberg. Coberger, 1475. 1st edition. 481 leaves. 2 vols.

~ ~~E O~ •••• Ba.sel, J08lln1s FroboniJ, 1516. Erasmus editiDn, I. Greek and Latin. Als", Erasmus editicm, II. 1516. 2 vols.

~. DAS NEU TESTAMENT TrlhscH. Strassburg, Johann Sohott, 1523. Luther's Version.

DAS ALTE TEST~ DEUTSCH. Wittehberg. Melohior Lotther, 1523. First edition of Luther's Translation - -- "Of"tile"'"Pentateuch.

~ l!.ALTER m~. Martinus Luther. Strassburg, 1524.

LA SAINCTE BIBLE EN FR!NCOYS. Anvers. Martin Lempereux, 1530. First editicn, translated by JaOq.::es LEi FWr'ediEta.ples. THE BYBLE IN ENGLYSHE OF THE LAaGEST PND GREATEST VOLUME •••• London, Edwarde Whitohuroh, 1541. The - --Grea.j.:"Bible Vers'iOii imJer'Hem,y VIII. Tre:iiBiB.ied by Cuthbert By3!lhop at Duresme and Nioholas Byssn~p at Roohestero

IE NOuVEAU TESTAMENT TOUT EN LATDl Q.U'ON FRANCOIS. Paris. Conrad Badius. 1554. Translated by Olvetan. - Revised by cBiVIn7" The La.t1nis~m::w, translation.

LA. SAmTE BIBLE CONTENANT LE VIEIL.:& NOllVEAU TESTAMENT, L./j,TIN-FRPNCOIS. Paris. Chez Gabriel Bvon. 1568. - ---G;;; ~tr6iis'i9:'"~dbiReilnenoi;r;Bannadin-l~7'5'bYPope Gregor,)' XlII.

~~ Q!& !?"~. Venioe. Daniel Bamberg, 1571. 2 vols. Q.ua.rto edition of the first printod Rabb::'.Lo Bible Q

BIB::c~ fi~ mB~ CHALDAIBE. ~ g~. AAtwerp. Plantinus, 1569-1572. 8 vols.. in 7. PUbl:"Jl1ed under the auspioes of Philip II of Spain and knavm BB the Royal. Polyglot.

~~ Nuremberg. Anton Koberger, 17. Februar (Montag ne.oh Invooa.v1t), 1583. 586 leaves. Coloured woodeuGs, illustrations, 1n1tials. FoUII.

!Bj§. .TEST.AMEN~~~~!h~. RolllO. F. ZMnetti, 1587. The SiJrtine or Roman edition.

LA. Fr::r DI A. Geneva.. 1607. The Giovanni Diocls.ti. First edition of the version whioh is still the offioial ~. " ~AB ible for Ital:!.an Protestants.

1l~ JiO.!~! !!.!m!~ CONTEYN~H£ ~.Q~ TESTAMENT ~!!! liIDi. London. Robert Barker, 1611. King James Version.

TH1'.: HCl Y:'{ BIBLE. ~'ATED IN'l'0 THE i.'WI/>N LA1'lGl'~GE WITH THE CONSENT OF THE CORPCR1I.TION IN ENGLllND FOR THE -.' -- tii5r.'l.lW:'ION Q~:~ ~ Go~ r'EL"]:!i ~~ ~-TI;ll (~~r ':::ms 01" !lEW ooL.ilND.- Cam~;:.--: · SSiii\ieT""Grean;- -­ 1661~iC(j3. :i v jls. Tne Eliot Bible.