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Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi Ennominae (Geometridae: Lepidoptera) Faunası*

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Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi Ennominae (Geometridae: Lepidoptera) Faunası* Ç.Ü.Z.F. Dergisi, 2003, 18 (3): 79-88 J. Agrie. Fac. Ç.Ü., 2003, 18(3): 79-88 Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi Ennominae (Geometridae: Lepidoptera) Faunası* Feza DOĞANLAR01 Serpil K0RN0Ş0R(1> Özet Bu çalışmada Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde Ennominae alt familyasından 30 cinse ait 31 tür belirlenmiştir. Bu cinslerden Erannis Hlibner cinsi Erannis ankeraria Staudinger ve Erannis declinans Staudinger olmak üzere iki tür ile temsil edilirken, diğer cinslere ait birer tür belirlenmiştir. Bu türlerden Ennomos freidbergi Hausmann ve Isturgia berytaria Staudinger Türkiye faunası için yeni kayıttır. Aynca Apochima flabellaria Heeger, Aleucis distinetata Herriclı-Schaffer, Biston strataria Hufnagel, Campaea margaritaria Linnaeus Chemerina caliginearia Rambur, Chiasmia clathrata Linnaeus. Colotois pennaria Linnaeus, Erannis ankeraria Staudinger, Heliomata glarearia [Denis & Schifîmüller], Hylaea fasciaria Linnaeus, Hypomecis punetinalis Scopoli, Macaría altérnala [Denis& Schiffermüller], Nychiodes dalmatina Wagner, Phigalia pilosaría [Denis&Schiffermüller], Selenia lıınularia Hübner, Tephronia sepiaria Hufnagel olmak üzere toplam 16 tür Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi için yeni kayıt olarak belirlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Lepidoptera. Geometridae, Ennominae, Faunistik, Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi Fauna of Ennominae (Geometridae: Lepidoptera) in the Eastern Mediteranean region of Turkey Abstract As a result of the study, 31 species were determined belonging to 30 genera of the Ennominae. Among them, two species Ennomos freidbergi Hausmann and Isturgia berytaria Staudinger are new records for Turkey. Also, 16 species Apochima Jlabellaria Heeger, Aleucis distinctata Herrich-SchafTer, Biston strataria Hufnagel, Campaea margaritaria Linnaeus Chemerina caliginearia Rambur, Chiasmia clathrata Linnaeus, Colotois pennaria Linnaeus, Erannis ankeraria Staudinger, Heliomata glarearia [Denis & Schiffmüller], Hylaea fasciaria Linnaeus, Hypomecis punetinalis Scopoli, Macaria alternata [Denis& Schiffermüller], Nychiodes dalmatina Wagner, Phigalia pilosaria [Denis&Schiffermüller], Selenia lumilaria Hübner, Tephronia sepiaria Hufnagel are new records for the East Mediterranean region of Turkey. Key Words: Lepidoptera,Geometridae, Ennominae, Faunistic, Eastern Mediteranean Region Giriş hareketsiz kalır ve kendilerini küçük dallara Geometridae familyası içerisinde benzetirler. Ennominae alt familyasına giren türler Dünya’da Ennominae alt familyası meşe, gürgen, oldukça geniş bir yayılış gösterirler. Bu ait fındık, kayın, söğüt, karaağaç, kızılağaç, akçaağaç familyaya ait kelebeklerde çoğunlukla kanatlar ve çam gibi yaprağını döken ve dökmeyen orman geniştir ve üzerinde dalgalı bantlar bulundururlar. ağaçları, yumuşak ve sert çekirdekli meyve Bazı türlerde dişiler kanatsızdır. Kelebekler ağaçlan, birçok kültür bitkisi ve yabancı otlar gibi çoğunlukla gece uçarlar ve ışığa yönelirler. yaygın bir konukçu dizisine sahiptir ve bu Ennominae alt familyası, arka kanatta M2 konukçular üzerinde ekonomik olarak oldukça damarının tüp şeklinde olmayışı yada tamamen önemli zararlı türleri içerir (Heath, 1983; Toros, kaybolmuş olması ile diğer alt familyalardan 1992; Okyar, 1995; Çanakçıoğlu ve Mol, 1998). kolaylıkla ayrılırlar. Larvaları arşın yaparak Materyal ve Yöntem yürürler ve mühendis tırtılları olarak adlandırılırlar. Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde bulunan Tırtılların üç çift thoraks bacaklarından başka Geometridae Familyasına bağlı Ennominae alt abdomenin A7 ve Aı0 segmentlerinde yalancı familyasına giren türlerinin faunasının belirlenmesi bacaklar bulunur. Çoğu rahatsız edildiklerinde amacıyla yapılan bu çalışmada, araştımıalar 2000- abdomende bulunan bacakları üzerine durup 2002 yılları arasında Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde Yayın Kuruluna Geliş Tarihi: 31.03.2003 * Bu çalışma doktora tezinin bir bölümüdür, Tübitak (TOG-TAG 2733) ve Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. (1) Çukurova Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü , 01 330 - Balcalı \ Adana Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi Ennominae (Geometridae: Lepidoptera) Faunası Adana, Hatay, İçel Kahramanmaraş, Niğde ve Kahramanmaraş-G. -Keklikoluk 38 11; 36 27 1626 Osmaniye il merkezleri, bu illere bağlı ilçe ve Kalıraınanmaraş-Göksun-Yiricek 38 00; 36 24 1674 köyler, Aladağlar, İç Toroslar, Bolkar Dağları’nda Osmaniye-Düziçi-Elbeyli 37 22; 36 25 267 farklı yükseklik, iklim koşullan, bitki örtüsü ve yüzey özellikleri gösteren lokalitelerde (Çizelge 1.) Osmaniye-iIınzırlı-Cebel 37 00; 36 27 1504 yapılmıştır. Osmaniye-Zorkuıı Y.-Karacalar 37 01; 36 16 700 * Robinson tipi sabit ışık tuzaklarının konulduğu noktalar Çizelge 1. Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesinde örneklemelerin yapıldığı lokaliteler, koordinat ve yükseklikleri Çalışma arazi ve laboratuvar çalışmaları olarak iki grupta yürütülmüştür. Arazi çalışmaları Koordinat Rakını adı altında, gündüz yapılan çalışmalarda gözle Örnekleme noktalan (V) kontrol, atrap ve silkme yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. (m) K ;D Gözle kontrol yönteminde gündüz Adana-Aladağ Orman îşl. * 37 34; 35 23 770 hareketsiz durumda olan geometrid erginleri saklandıkları yerlerde tespit edilmiş ve buradan Adana-Aladağ-Ç altı 37 39; 35 18 1033 direkt olarak potasyum siyanürlü öldürme Adana-Aladağ-Eğlence 37 41; 35 20 1280 şişelerine alınmış yada atrapla yakalanmıştır. Adana-Aladağ-Eğııer 37 24; 35 27 152 Bunun yanında kontrol sırasında konukçular Adana-Aladağ-Gerdibi 37 28; 35 06 970 üzerinde belirlenen yada silkme yöntemi ile elde edilen larvalar kültürde üretimlerinin yapılarak, Adana-Balcalı-Bit. Kor. B. A. * 37 01; 35 21 62 ergin elde edilebilmesi için konukçu bitki Adana-Balcalı-Kampüs 37 02; 35 21 100 materyali ile birlikte 10x5x5cm ebatlarındaki cam Adana-Feke Orman İşi. Dep. * 37 50; 35 53 625 kaplara etiket bilgileri ile konularak laboratuvara Adana-F eke-Belenköy 37 52; 35 51 655 getirilmiştir. Gece yapılan çalışmalarda örnekleri Adana-F eke-Değirmenuşağı 37 51; 35 46 975 yakalamak için 3 tip tuzak kullanılmıştır. Adana-F eke-T enkerli 37 44; 35 56 741 1-Sabit ışık tuzakları: 50x50x50cm Adana-Feke-Yeşildüşmüş Köyü 37 50; 35 53 628 ebatlarında, ışık kaynağı olarak 120 Watt civa Adana-Kozan-Düzağaç * 37 34; 35 49 564 buharlı ampullerin kullanıldığı Robinson tipi ışık Adana-Kozan-Horzum-K. * 37 37; 35 50 711 tuzağı. 2-Taşınabilir ışık tuzağı: 30x30x30cm Adana-Pozantı- Ömerli 37 31; 34 50 1035 ebatlarında, 15 watt polarize ışık veren Robinson Adana-Pozantı- POZMER * 37 28; 34 54 1120 tipi ışık tuzağı. Adana-Pozantı-Çamlıbel 37 28; 35 05 1000 3-Beyaz perde: 1.5xl.5m ebatlannda 250 Adana-Tüfanbeyl i-Doğanbeyl i 38 05; 36 10 1467 watt’lik civa buharlı ampülle aydınlatılmış beyaz perde. Hatay- Batıayaz-Mağaracık 36 08; 35 58 250 Çalışmalarda sabit ışık tuzakları, (Çizelge Hatay-Antakya-Serinyol * 36 18; 36 12 82 l.)’de 4‘*” ile belirtilen noktalara konulmuş ve bu Hatay-Antakya-Uzuııbağ Köyü 36 09; 36 00 272 noktaların yükseklikleri ve koordinatları Hatay-Altmözü-Enek Köyü 36 10; 36 11 432 kaydedilmiştir. Bu noktalara haftada en az bir kez gidilmiş ve buradaki görevliler tarafından günlük Hatay-Dörtyol-Kocaali Köyü 36 42; 36 17 672 olarak alınarak kutulara koyulan ve bozulmaması Hatay-Erzin-Üçloz Yaylası 36 56 ;36 22 1607 için glo ile korunan örnekler alınmış ve gerekli 1 Îatay-İskenderun-Çerçikaya 36 23; 36 05 1040 çalışmaların yapılabilmesi için etiket bilgileri ile Hatay-Serinyol-Kömürçukuru 36 23; 36 05 960 birlikte laboratuara getirilmiştir. Sabit ışık Hatay-Yayladağ-Çeki Köyü 36 01; 36 02 519 tuzaklarının konulduğu noktaların dışında kalan bölgelere, yapılan program dahilinde, haftada en az İçel-Kocayer Köyü 36 53; 34 18 945 üç kez olmak üzere çıkışlar düzenlenmiştir. İçel-Mersin-Burçak Yaylası 36 57; 34 29 880 Laboratuara getirilen larvalar bitki İçel-T arsus-Karabucak Omı. * 36 52; 34 52 11 materyalleri ile beraber iklim odalannda bulunan 50x50x1 OOcm ebatlarındaki üst ve ön kısmı cam, 80 Ç.Ü.Z.F. Dergisi, 2003, 18 (3): 79-88 J.Agric. Fac. Ç.Ü., 2003, 18(3): 79-88 diğer tarafları hava ve ışık geçiren tülle kaplanmış Cins: ALEUCIS Guenee [1845] 1844, üretim kafesleri içine konulmuş, 26±1°C sıcaklık Cat. Meth. Lepid. Eur.: 270 ve %70±10 orantılı nemde kültüre alınmıştır. Bitki Tip tür: Erannis distinetata Herrich- materyali sürekli olarak yenilenerek, ergin çıkışı Schäffer, [1839] sağlanmıştır. Tür: Aleucis distinetata Herrich- Kelebekler özel germe tahtalarında, Schäffer, [1839], in Panzer, Faunae Insect. Germ. kurallara uygun olarak gerilerek oda şartlarında 2-4 İnitia (Dtl. Insect.)(Heft 166):81, (Erannis) hafta kurumaya bırakılmış ve etiketlenerek müze Yayılışı: Yayılış alanı Orta Avrupa, materyali haline getirilmiştir. Anadolu (Seitz, 1915); Irak, Anadolu, Güney Lepidoptera takımında dış genital Avrupa, Hollanda, Danimarka (Skou, 1986); organların sabit morfolojik karakterler göstermeleri İngiltere (Skou, 1986; Porter, 1997; Skinner, nedeniyle taksonomik çalışmalarda genital organ 1998); Polonya (Buzsko, 2000)’dır. yapıları esas alınmıştır. Erkek ve dişi genital organ Konukçuları: Monofag bir türdür. preparatları Komoşor (1982)’ye göre Larvaları Rosaceae: Prunus sipinosa (Skou, 1986; hazırlanmıştır. Porter, 1997; Skinner, 1998; Scoble, 1999; Buzsko, Bulgular ve Tartışma 2000) üzerinde beslenmektedir. Cins: APOCHİMA Agassiz, 1847, İncelenen materyal: Adana-Pozantı- Nomencle. zool. (index univl.):29 Pozmer: 16.03.2001 4 ^ , 1$; 23.03.2001 2ö*ö ,1£ Tip tür: Amphidcısis flabellaria Heeger, Cins: ASCOTİS Hübner, [1825] 1816, 1838 Verz. Bekannter Schmett.:313 Tür: Apoclıima flabellaria Heeger, 1838, Tip tür: Geometra selenaria Bcitrâge zur Schmetterlingskundc: 6, pl.l,fıgs 6- ([Denis&Schiffermüller], 1775 )
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