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100% Renewable Electricity: a Roadmap to 2050 for Europe
100% renewable electricity A roadmap to 2050 for Europe and North Africa Available online at: www.pwc.com/sustainability Acknowledgements This report was written by a team comprising individuals from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC), the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) and the European Climate Forum (ECF). During the development of the report, the authors were provided with information and comments from a wide range of individuals working in the renewable energy industry and other experts. These individuals are too numerous to mention, however the project team would like to thank all of them for their support and input throughout the writing of this report. Contents 1. Foreword 1 2. Executive summary 5 3. 2010 to 2050: Today’s situation, tomorrow’s vision 13 3.1. Electricity demand 15 3.2. Power grids 15 3.3. Electricity supply 18 3.4. Policy 26 3.5. Market 30 3.6. Costs 32 4. Getting there: The 2050 roadmap 39 4.1. The Europe - North Africa power market model 39 4.2. Roadmap planning horizons 41 4.3. Introducing the roadmap 43 4.4. Roadmap enabling area 1: Policy 46 4.5. Roadmap enabling area 2: Market structure 51 4.6. Roadmap enabling area 3: Investment and finance 54 4.7. Roadmap enabling area 4: Infrastructure 58 5. Opportunities and consequences 65 5.1. Security of supply 65 5.2. Costs 67 5.3. Environmental concerns 69 5.4. Sustainable development 70 5.5. Addressing the global climate problem 71 6. Conclusions and next steps 75 PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Appendices Appendix 1: Acronyms and Glossary 79 Appendix 2: The 2050 roadmap in detail 83 Appendix 3: Cost calculations and assumptions 114 Appendix 4: Case studies 117 Appendix 5: Taking the roadmap forward – additional study areas 131 Appendix 6: References 133 Appendix 7: Contact information 138 PricewaterhouseCoopers LLPP Chapter one: Foreword 1. -
Green Power Marketing Abroad: Recent Experience and Trends
May 2002 • NREL/TP-620-32155 Green Power Marketing Abroad: Recent Experience and Trends Lori Bird National Renewable Energy Laboratory Rolf Wüstenhagen University of St. Gallen (Switzerland) Jørn Aabakken National Renewable Energy Laboratory National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy Laboratory Operated by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle • Bechtel Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 May 2002 • NREL/TP-620-32155 Green Power Marketing Abroad: Recent Experience and Trends Lori Bird National Renewable Energy Laboratory Rolf Wüstenhagen University of St. Gallen (Switzerland) Jørn Aabakken National Renewable Energy Laboratory Prepared under Task No. AS72.1006 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy Laboratory Operated by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle • Bechtel Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. -
Annual and Sustainability Report 2020
Annual and Sustainability Report 2020 Climate progress. It's happening. Contents Overview Financial information This is Vattenfall ...........................................................................4 Financial performance ............................................................. 91 CEO’s message ............................................................................6 Consolidated accounts ...........................................................98 Important events ...................................................................... 12 Notes to the consolidated accounts ................................. 104 Parent Company accounts .................................................. 136 Strategic direction Notes to the Parent Company accounts .......................... 139 Auditor’s Report ..................................................................... 151 Business model ......................................................................... 14 Our beliefs about the future ....................................................18 Strategy ......................................................................................20 Sustainability notes Targets and target achievement ........................................... 24 Total value creation ............................................................... 156 Materiality analysis ................................................................ 156 Investments Stakeholders .......................................................................... 157 Environmental -
The Future Availability of Natural Resources a New Paradigm For
World Scenario Series ResourceThe Future scarcity Availability of Natural Resources A New Paradigm for Global Resource Availability November 2014 © World Economic Forum 2014 - All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system. The views expressed are those of certain participants in the discussion and do not necessarily reflect the views of all participants or of the World Economic Forum. REF 231014 2 The Future Availability of Natural Resources Contents Preface 3 Preface The availability of natural resources, particularly food, water, energy and minerals, is an important issue but also a 5 Executive Summary highly contested one, mostly because of the many different 7 Section I. Resource Availability – in perspectives and opinions held by both experts and the the Eye of the Beholder general public. 8 The contested nature of resource This report takes a novel approach to enhance the availability understanding of natural resource availability over a 20-year time frame. It combines an analysis of the important factors 10 Paradigms of resource availability of supply and demand at a global level, with an investigation 12 Rising costs into the different dominant “paradigms” that stakeholders use Kristel Van der Elst in discussing or assessing natural resources, with paradigms Senior Director, Head 13 Long-term abundance of Strategic Foresight, in this context being a combination of different, often deeply held assumptions. The report presents three scenarios that 14 Social injustice World Economic Forum challenge these paradigms under different future conditions, 15 The perils of incomplete and also reveals a number of important insights that come paradigms from a deeper understanding of the complex interactions inherent in resource flows. -
Corporate Conquistadors the Many Ways Multinationals Both Drive and Profit from Climate Destruction Contents
CORPORATE CONQUISTADORS THE MANY WAYS MULTINATIONALS BOTH DRIVE AND PROFIT FROM CLIMATE DESTRUCTION CONTENTS 1. Introduction 4 2. Profiting from climate chaos: Repsol’s invasion of political spaces and Amazonian communities 6 Peru - Repsol’s attacks on the rainforests and indigenous communities 6 Repsol’s toxic influence in Peruvian politics 9 Repsol: Colonizing international policy spaces 10 The convergence of three dangerous forces 11 3. Glencore Xstrata: Mining the future of Peruvian communities 12 Peru’s Espinar Province and its mineral riches 12 Un-Conventional strategy: Xstrata’s dirty tactics in Espinar 13 Public protection of private interests: The criminalization of protest 13 Water or mining: A zero sum game 14 Glencore Xstrata’s meddling in Peruvian politics 15 Glencore Xstrata: Coal before climate, profit before people 15 A perfect storm of corporate misconduct 16 4. Enel-Endesa: Damming progress on climate while flooding local communities 17 Enel-Endesa’s Quimbo dam: A masterclass in corporate impunity 17 Resistance: Communities in Huila fight back 18 Unravelling Enel-Endesa’s web of climate influence 20 Enel-Endesa’s big hydroelectric climate racket 21 5. Map: Number of operations by country 22 6. Conclusion 23 Research and writing: Philippa de Boissière, Joanna Cabello, Thomas McDonagh, Aldo Orellana López, Jim Shultz, Pascoe Sabido and Rachel Tansey. With contributions from: Sian Cowman. Editorial assistance: Maddy Ryle. Layout and design: Ricardo Santos. Map: Anders Vang Nielsen. Many thanks to Lyda Fernanda for comments and feedback. Thanks also to all those who offered guidance or shared testimony on the cases represented in this report – Jackeline Binari, Jaime Borda, Miller Dussán Calderón, José de Echave, Conrad Feather, Marc Galvandá, Marco Gandarillas, Oscar Mollohuanca, Cesar Padilla, Tancredi Tarantino and Ivonne Yanez. -
Presentation of the European Energy Forum (EIF)
Presentation of the European Energy Forum (EIF) Active Members: 53 MEPs Associate Members: 79 Companies/Associations/Research Organisations 1. Overview The European Energy Forum is an informal and neutral forum where topical energy related subjects linked to the European Union political dialogue are presented. The purpose of the Forum is to facilitate the reciprocal exchange of information between parliamentary representatives, members of the European Commission, European civil servants and other authorities, and principally, the industrial and scientific sectors and all other interested parties. The activities of the Forum tend towards a better understanding of energy and energy-related problems and generally speaking to facilitate the work of all interested parties in respect of the institutional balance. It organises, inter- alia, meetings, conferences , seminars, dinner- debates, industrial visits, and delegation visits to third countries with members of the European Parliament, members and representatives of the European Commission and of other EU institutions, as well as experts from industries, associations and organisations involved in the energy sector. Themes discussed include the following • Coal • Gas • Nuclear • Oil • Renewable (Biomass, Geothermal, Solar, Tidal, Wind) • Electricity • Fuel Cells • Cogeneration/CHP • Hydrogen • Transport/Distribution Grid • Climate change • Energy efficiency • Security of supply • Sustainable development • Waste management • Carbon sequestration • Economy • Environment • (Geo) Politics 1 • -
Power Climate Smarter Living
POWER CLIMATE SMARTER LIVING VATTENFALL ANNUAL AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2016 VATTENFALL FOR THE FUTURE Vattenfall has begun a sustainable journey and is rapidly transforming to support its customers in the transition to a fossil-free world. We will capture value from new trends and continue to deliver results in a dynamic, rapidly-changing energy system. W E C Wind power continues Hydro power plays Nuclear power is a Lignite- and coal-fired Energy storage systems to grow offshore and an important role as climate neutral, cost generation will be such as pumped storage onshore in all of a large-scale, on- effective solution that phased out. Vattenfall power plants and batter- Vattenfall’s markets. demand renewable will play an important has taken a major ies can help manage the energy source. role in Sweden for a step in this respect by challenges with renew- long time to come. divesting its lignite able and weather- assets in Germany. dependent energy on the continent, such as wind and solar power. Market trends Decentralisation Renewables f Electric cars and buses Through electrification New digital solutions will The modern city is an Solar energy will play will contribute to signi- of the steel, concrete enable customers to emissions-free environ- a greater role in the ficant reductions in and chemical industries, produce and consume ment with sustainable future energy system in CO2 emissions and noise CO2 emissions from sustain able energy in a heating solutions, solar both small- and large- in cities. industrial processes can convenient and afford- panels on rooftops, a scale installations. -
Mining & Metals Scenarios to 2030
WEF_Metals and Mining Scenarios 15.1.2010 17:32 Page 1 Mining & Metals Scenarios to 2030 WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM in collaboration with the INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION and MCKINSEY & COMPANY WEF_Metals and Mining Scenarios 15.1.2010 17:32 Page 2 Description Geo-economic G landscape Green Trade Alliance In 2030, the world is divided and Environmental standards are countries are defined economically used as the basis for by whether or not they belong to protectionist measures by GTA the Green Trade Alliance (GTA), countries formed in 2016 to promote Limited cross-border flows “environmental sustainability between GTA and non-GTA without compromising countries competitiveness.” GTA countries, including some industrialised, resource-rich and developing countries, have experienced a period of accelerating innovation and lifestyle changes. While there is strong alignment among GTA countries, non-GTA countries operate independently. In 2030, the world is committed Economic power is held both by Rebased Globalism to realising the benefits of global markets where there is strong interconnection but has become demand – such as the EU, the far more complex and multipolar. US, China, Brazil and India – and Power comes from control of by countries that control resources as well as possession strategically important resources of capital, with resource-rich Cross-border flows are extremely countries playing by their own open rules. Civil society has gained Free market principles hold power, resulting in various local forth, favouring privatization and laws that affect global financial liberalization corporations. Some states set out to capture more social value from their commodities through in-country processing and manufacturing In 2030, the era of globalisation is Markets are shaped by state Resource Security a distant memory as nations interventionism prioritise narrow self-interest. -
SNETP FORUM 2021 Proceedings
SNETP REPORT SNETP FORUM 2021 - Proceedings SNETP TECHNICAL REPORT – SNETP FORUM 2021 Proceedings SNETP Association c/o EDF Avenue des Arts 53B, 1000 Brussels, Belgium Email: [email protected] Website: www.snetp.eu This SNETP FORUM 2021 – Proceedings report was prepared by the SNETP Association. LEGAL NOTICE Neither SNETP nor any person acting on behalf of SNETP is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication. Additional information on SNETP is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the SNETP website (www.snetp.eu). SNETP – Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform 1 SNETP TECHNICAL REPORT – SNETP FORUM 2021 Proceedings Index Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Plenary session ...................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1. SNETP strategy ................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2. SNETP pillars ....................................................................................................................................... 5 1.3. Panel discussion ................................................................................................................................. 5 2. Technical sessions ................................................................................................................................ -
Sellafield Magazine: Issue 2
Issue 02 The Magnox December 2015 Swarf Storage Silos How a revolutionary scientific breakthrough is helping us clean up Sellafield's legacy Evaporating high level waste How important are evaporators at Sellafield? What is POCO? Find out more Defence on page 6 in Depth Keeping Sellafield safe and secure Storm Desmond In Focus: PFSP Sue Hayman Interview How Cumbria has managed Decommissioning the fifty-year-old What does the MP for Workington to stay open for business... Pile Fuel Storage Pond isn’t easy… think about Sellafield? Opening the door to opportunity at Sellafield The featured Are you an SME and interested in the construction projects are: opportunities available to you on the big Box Encapsulation Plant construction projects at Sellafield? Silos Maintenance Facility Interim Storage Facility Box Encapsulation Plant Product Store/Direct Discover the opportunities coming up at Sellafield Import Facility at the ‘Opening the door to opportunity’ event on 23 February 2016, at Energus, Workington. With a focus on four of our big The event has been designed to help you: construction projects, you will find • Meet with our major contractors and their subcontractors For further information and out more about the opportunities • Pitch for work by booking 1 to 1 sessions to sell your expertise to book your place, visit • Understand the work packages available that come from the Sellafield www.bookwhen.com/ • Understand the requirements to become a preferred supplier sellafield programme and how you can to our contractors become part of our supply chain. • Understand Sellafield site standards Editor’s Letter Editor’s Letter page 20 A Pioneering Approach e take great pride in our pioneering past at Sellafield. -
Annual and Sustainability Report 2019 Contents
Annual and Sustainability Report 2019 Contents Overview This is Vattenfall 4 CEO’s message 6 The year in numbers 8 Vattenfall is driving Important events 10 Targets and target achievement 12 Our beliefs about the future 14 Business model the transition to Business model 16 Strategic direction Strategy 20 fossil-free living Investments Investment plan 24 Green bond investor report 25 Markets and regulations Markets and regulations 26 Operating segments At Vattenfall we are determined to enable fossil-free living Operating segment overview 30 within one generation. To succeed we must become fos- Operating segments 32 Our people sil free ourselves. But that's not enough. We are looking Our people 56 beyond our own industry to see where we can really Risks and risk management make a difference. Together with our partners, we are Risks and risk management 62 Corporate governance taking on the responsibility to find new and sustainable Corporate Governance Report 72 ways to electrify transportation, industries and heating. Board of Directors 82 Executive Group Management 84 AGM proposal 86 Financial information Financial performance 89 Consolidated accounts 96 Notes to the consolidated accounts 102 Parent Company accounts 136 Notes to the Parent Company accounts 139 Auditor’s Report 151 Non-financial information Materiality analysis 156 Stakeholders 157 Climate impact 158 Human rights 159 Sustainable supply chain 160 Taxes 162 Human resources 162 Environmental governance 164 Nature and biodiversity 164 Ensure sustainable use of resources 165 -
January 20 Wip.Qxd
Renewable THE BUSINESS OF ENERGY INSTALLER MICROGENERATION SOlAR THERmAl SOlAR Pv bIOmASS HEAT PUmPS wIND HyDRO Issue 8 Autumn 2010 Celebrity status – Hugh Dennis backs biomass PlUS A contract win, Chris Huhne and a celebratory drink: A week with CASE STUDIES Going Solar Newquay Zoo goes solar; biomass in Edinburgh and energy saving at a Scottish inn The Oil & Renewable Heating Show Why you should be there Navitron explains its EasyMCS We’re Making Renewable More Do-Able From solar panels to heat pumps, from underfloor heating to water harvesting, we've the products and brand names that make renewables such a rewarding opportunity. Thanks to SolarReady, our new solar roofing service, we can even help with installation. Our exclusive A1 Solar Scheme* helps with cashback deals on specific evacuated tube and solar flat plate systems. It’s another example of how hard we work to make your job easier. It’s the best way to go green and stay in the black! * Full terms and conditions apply. Because those in the know - KNOW just where to go! For branch locations and opening times contact: 0870 16 22 557 www.plumbcenter.co.uk Contents Comments NEwS Editor’s comment 04 News Delays in RHI, a plea for help and the latest events Time to 07 News Profile Wood-based fuel quality scheme 08 News Analysis Baxi discusses LCBP closure show off How safe are FiTs investments? OPINION 10 Forward planning Paul Aston, Proven, on the MCS, Jeremy Hawksley looks at oil and renewables e’re heading towards that time of why quiet? It’s time for this industry to shout 10 Q&A W year again (although those of us in about the benefits it can offer, and with Eric Hawkins, Jayhawk International the North have been experiencing renewables so high on the agenda, there has 11 mCS it for a good few weeks now).