How Safe Is Your Vape Pen?

APPENDIX J – HOW SAFE IS YOUR VAPE PEN? APPENDIX K – GLOSSARY Broad spectrum*: Cannabis products that contains most of the original compounds found in cannabis flower often with the notable exception of THC. This term is also sometimes used for isolated cannabinoids that have been combined with terpenes in an approximation of the original chemical composition of the source flower. “full spectrum.” Cannabidiol (CBD): CBD is the second most commonly produced compound in cannabis varieties bred for their medicinal use, and the most common in varieties bred for agriculture (commonly known as hemp). Unlike THC, CBD is a nonintoxicating compound. It is of medicinal interest for its anti-epileptic, anti- anxiety, and anti-inflammatory effects. Cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1): Found primarily in the central nervous system, CB1 are responsible for the feeling of intoxication, or ‘high’, when consuming THC. Cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2): Concentrated throughout the immune system, the peripheral nervous system, and the gastrointestinal system, CB2R are of interest for their immunomodulatory action. Cannabinoids**: Cannabinoids are compounds uniquely found in cannabis plants, as well as compounds similar to those found in cannabis plants. There are three categories of cannabinoids: phytocannabinoids produced in plants like cannabis, endocannabinoids produced naturally by our bodies, and synthetic cannabinoids that are made in a lab. o Primary cannabinoids: Generally considered to be the two most commonly expressed phytocannabinoids in mature cannabis flower - THC and CBD. o Secondary cannabinoids: All of the phytocannabinoids excluding THC and CBD. Cannabis oil: A term used to describe a wide variety of cannabinoid-rich products: the cannabinoid-rich resin from the flower, the various concentrated forms of cannabis extracts, and the resin when it’s infused in an edible oil for use as a tincture. Cannabis: A common plant that has been utilized for food, fuel, fiber, and medicine for the last 12,000 years. The scientific name, cannabis sativa L., refers to the botanist Carl Linnaeus, who first identified cannabis in 1753. Cartridge**: Cartridges are an increasingly common way to consume cannabis oil via vaporization. They work by attaching a small, extract-filled container (the cartridge) to a battery with a heating element. The cartridges themselves are often made of glass, metal, or plastic and use cotton or fiberglass as wicking material. The wick allows the extract to come into close proximity to the heating element. The resulting atomized oil is inhaled. Cartridges are popular because they are fast acting, portable, and avoid combustion - although they are not regulated, and some have been reported to get as hot at 1000℉. Distillate*: Cannabis product created by refining the plant. Distilling to a certain chemical profile, generally on focused CBD and THC could contain some traces of other compounds. Frequently used interchangeably with “isolate.” Endogenous cannabinoid system (endocannabinoid system, ECS): A system composed of two receptors (CB1 and CB2), the compound our bodies produce to activate them (endocannabinoids), and the enzymes that break those compounds down. The ECS regulates many systems within the body and is concentrated in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It’s responsible for producing the effects felt by consuming some cannabinoids (like THC). Extract**: Concentrated cannabis extracts made by using CO2, butane, propane, or a combination of these solvents to separate the active oils and waxes in flower from the plant matter. This ideally happens in a closed loop system where the solvents are completely reclaimed after extraction. The remaining plant waxes and oils are then hardened and agitated in a variety of ways resulting in many different textures. There are many terms used to describe the different textures of dabs, and they are often used as the main descriptor of the product (e.g. shatter, wax, resin). Dabs are typically consumed by placing a small amount of the concentrate on a very hot ‘nail’ in a ‘dab rig’ that looks very much like a bong. This process is referred to as “dabbing,” and due to the highly concentrated nature of the product consumed this method is not recommended for novice cannabis users. Full spectrum*: Cannabis products that contains all of the original compounds found in cannabis flower: primary and secondary cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. Frequently used interchangeably with “broad spectrum.” Hash, bubble hash, dry sift, kief**: These are forms of cannabis concentrate made by separating trichomes from the plant material using water, friction and/or pressurized heat. Trichomes contain the majority of the cannabinoid content in cannabis plants. They are very delicate, and relatively easy to remove. There are many techniques used to separate and collect the trichomes from the flower, and each of these methods has a different name. Hash is a catch-all phrase for most of these types of extracts. Bubble hash utilizes ice and a series of progressively finer filters to separate the trichomes from the flower. Dry sift is made by agitating the cannabis flower to separate and then collect the trichomes from the plant material. Kief generally refers to the trichomes and plant particles that accumulate as the excess leaves are trimmed away from the cannabis flower in a process known as trimming. Rosin is made by heating and pressing hash or kief into a more solid form, or by pressing and gently heating dried or fresh cannabis flower to express the oil directly. Hemp oil: Used both to describe CBD-rich oil extracted from hemp, as well as CBD-devoid oil derived from the seeds.* Hemp seed oil: Oil derived from the seeds of hemp plants. This oil does not contain any cannabinoids, though poor handling can result in cross-contamination with the resin-rich oil from the bract (seed covering). Hemp: A legal term that refers to cannabis varieties that produce less than .03% THC. Often used to refer to varieties of cannabis that have been bred for industrial purposes. Indica/sativa: Colloquial terms used to indicate effect of particular varieties of cannabis. Indica varieties are considered relaxing while sativa varieties are considered energizing. The terms' colloquial usage are subjective and have no basis in science. Biologically, the terms are unrelated to effect and instead refer to cannabis’ two subspecies that evolved in different areas (cannabis sativa sativa and cannabis sativa indica). Isolate*: Cannabis products produced by removing everything except for a single cannabinoid, generally THC or CBD. These can be synthetic compounds. Frequently used interchangeably with “distillate.” Terpenes: Aromatic compounds found in most plants and some insects. Terpenes are responsible for the way cannabis smells and have been associated with the range of distinct effects it produces in consumers. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): The most common compound produced in cannabis varieties that have been bred for recreational and medicinal use. The activated form of THC, Δ9-THC, causes the intoxicating feelings generally associated with consuming cannabis and being ‘high’. Vaporization**: The different forms of vaporization are frequently shortened to ‘vaping’ in conversation. Clarification is necessary to determine which form the user is referring to. o Dry-herb vaporization – A method of consumption wherein dried cannabis flower is placed into a device. The heat sublimates the active compounds in the flower and the resulting vapor is inhaled. There are a number of different types of heating mechanisms, inhalation methods, and form factors for vaporizers. o Oil “vaporization” – A method of consuming concentrated cannabis extract. The extract is placed into a cartridge containing a wick and atomizer. The cartridge is then attached to a battery, often pen shaped, that powers the atomizer and heats the oil, atomizing the cannabis extract as it is inhaled. This method of consumption is often referred to as ‘vaping’. A vape pen utilizes the same technology as an e-cigarette. * Standards need to be set for these terms. They are used interchangeably with other terms and foster confusion in the marketplace. ** These definitions were taken from “Basic Cannabis Terminology,” presented in its entirety in Appendix M. APPENDIX L – BASIC CANNABIS TERMINOLOGY Written by Zoe Sigman. Commissioned by the Oregon Health and Sciences University (OHSU) for their Clinical Cannabis Continuing Medical Education course and sponsored by Farma. BASIC CANNABIS TERMINOLOGY © Farma on Hawthorne, Inc. BASIC CANNABIS TERMINOLOGY This guide serves as a primer on the terminology most commonly used in retail cannabis establishments. The language of cannabis is often imprecise and confusing, because it derives from the black market. This guide addresses that confusion, and aims to provide medical professionals with a foundational understanding of cannabis and its myriad forms. Dispensary - Dispensaries are the only legally permitted places to purchase cannabis products in most US jurisdictions. By law, all cannabis sold in Oregon dispensaries must be tested for potency, consistency and contaminants. Recreational cannabis sales (also known as “adult use” or “retail” sales) are limited to individuals who are 21 or older, and medical sales to individuals 18 or older with a current Oregon medical marijuana card. Customers must produce a valid government-issued ID in order to make a purchase in an Oregon dispensary. Consumption of cannabis

Load more