DOCSLIB.ORG

HYDROLOGY and WATER RESOURCES of INDIA Water Science and Technology Library

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
HYDROLOGY and WATER RESOURCES of INDIA Water Science and Technology Library HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES OF INDIA Water Science and Technology Library VOLUME 57 Editor-in-Chief V.P. Singh, Texas A&M University, College Station, U.S.A. Editorial Advisory Board M. Anderson, Bristol, U.K. L. Bengtsson, Lund, Sweden J. F. Cruise, Huntsville, U.S.A. U. C. Kothyari, Roorkee, India S. E. Serrano, Philadelphia, U.S.A. D. Stephenson, Johannesburg, South Africa W. G. Strupczewski, Warsaw, Poland The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume. HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES OF INDIA by SHARAD K. JAIN National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, India PUSHPENDRA K. AGARWAL National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, India and VIJAY P. SINGH Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, TexasA&MUniversity, College Station, Texas, U.S.A. A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN-10 1-4020-5179-4 (HB) ISBN-13 978-1-4020-5179-1 (HB) ISBN-10 1-4020-5180-8 (e-book) ISBN-13 978-1-4020-5180-7 (e-book) Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springer.com Cover Illustration: Map of India Printed on acid-free paper Disclaimer: The facts and opinions expressed in this work are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the publisher All rights reserved © 2007 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Dedicated to SKJ: My family, with respect and affection PKA: My late father VPS: Anita, Vinay and Arti v Saraswati saryuh sindhurmibhirma ho maheervasa yantu vakshinih Devirapo matarah sudaytnavo ghravatpayo madhumanno archat Yajur Veda (X,64.9) Water from wells, rivers, rain, and from any other source on earth should be used wisely as it is gift of nature, for well-being of all. PREFACE India is truly a country of continental scale in every respect – topography, climate, culture, and of course water resources. Currently, India is one of the fastest growing economies of the world. Needless to say, the water sector has a crucial role to play in the social well-being and the quality of life. The need for a book describing India’s hydrological practices and water resources, problems in their exploitation, and prospects for their solution has long been felt. A book of somewhat similar nature was published more than three decades ago. During this intervening time a lot of changes have occurred in India not only in the practice of hydrological and water resources technology but also in the environment, society, landscape and land use, agricultural practices, and even climate. Thus, this book attempts to provide a more up-to-date account of water resources of India. It is aimed at students, practitioners, mangers, planners, administrators, and anyone who may be interested in the development and management of water resources in India. The book is organized in four sections. The first section Introduction has one chapter, Physical Environment of India, which gives a broad overview of the country. The second section, Hydrology and Hydrometeorology, is comprised of five chapters dealing with the major components of the hydrologic cycle for India. Water Budget and Population of India are discussed in Chapter 2, followed by a discussion of Rainfall and Analysis of Rainfall Data in Chapter 3; Evaporation and Other Meteorological Data in Chapter 4; Runoff and Streamflow in Chapter 5; and Groundwater in Chapter 6. These chapters describe instruments and measurement techniques, and the techniques of analysis that are used in India in order to measure and analyze the components of the hydrologic cycle. Maps, vii viii Preface figures, and tables are extensively used to illustrate the quantities of concern and their spatial and temporal variations. The third section, comprising 10 chapters, focuses on River Basins of India. Beginning with an overview of the various river basins and their water resources in Chapter 7 entitled ‘River Basins of India’, it goes on to discuss individual basins or a group of basins. Chapter 8 discusses Ganga Basin; Chapter 9 Brahmaputra Basin; Chapter 10 Indus Basin; Chapter 11 Narmada Basin; Chapter 12 Tapi, Sabarmati, and Mahi Basins; Chapter 13 Mahanadi, Subernarekha, and Brahamani Basins; Chapter 14 Krishna and Godavari Basins; Chapter 15 Cauvery and Pennar Basins; and Chapter 16 Other Basins and Islands. The fourth section entitled Water Uses, Projects, Problems and Governance is the final section of the book and is comprised of 8 chapters. Chapter 17 describes the Major Uses of Water in India. It discusses at length the water uses for irrigation, hydropower, municipal and industrial uses, environment flow, recreation, navigation, etc. Problems Related to Water Resources form the subject matter of Chapter 18, followed by Chapter 19 on Reservoirs and Lakes in India, and Chapter 20 on Water Quality Related Aspects. A practitioner should also be conversant with legal aspects and this perspective is presented in Chapter 21 entitled Constitutional Provisions, Inter-state Water Disputes and Treaties. Inter Basin Water Transfer is becoming a major initiative in India these days in order to overcome problems due to spatial and temporal mismatch between water availability and demands. A detailed description of the present proposals being debated in India and other related aspects are presented in Chapter 22. A brief discussion of the Institutions in the Field of Hydrology and Water Resources in India forms the subject matter of the Chapter 23. The final Chapter 24 is devoted to Water Governance in India. Water Resources of India is a vast subject and despite this voluminous book, several aspects could not be covered here. We hope that the book will be helpful to those who have interest in the water resources of India. For this book, data was compiled from a very large number of sources and at times data from different sources were quite different. We have attempted to present a consistent and the most likely status of things. It is, however, likely that there are some mistakes in the book and we request the alert readers to bring these to our notice. Sharad Jain Pushpendra Agarwal Vijay Singh April 2006 Roorkee/College Station ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A large number of colleagues helped us at various stages of preparation of the manuscript. We had long consultations with them and many of our colleagues shared the data and figures that they had. Mr. C. P. Kumar and Dr. Sanjay Jain provided a lot of information, relevant books, photographs, addresses of web-pages, etc. Dr. Sanjay Jain also provided the photo for book cover and his help is thankfully acknowledged. Useful data were also provided by many of our colleagues from National Institute of Hydrology, including Dr. Pratap Singh, Dr. M. K. Goel, Dr. P. K. Bhunya, Dr. K. S. Ramasastri, Dr. K. D. Sharma, and Mr. A. K. Lohani. Dr. Nagesh Kumar of Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, reviewed a chapter and gave data for some basins. We are thankful to Mr. Hemant Chowdhary, Dr. S. K. Mishra, Prof. G. C. Mishra, Dr. M. L. Kansal, Dr. Vijay Kumar, Mr. S. S. Kanwar, Mr. Pankaj Garg, Mr. A. R. Senthil Kumar, and Mr. Yatveer Singh for the useful information provided by them. The staff of NIH library, particularly Mohd. Furqanullah, were always very cooperative. Mr. N. K. Varshney prepared excellent drawings at short notice, and Mr. T. P. Panicker and Mr. Rajesh Agarwal provided help with editing. Completion of a book of this nature requires work till late at night and on weekends over a long time span. Our families not only had to put up with the inconvenience on numerous occasions but also helped a lot and kept us free from other responsibilities. Their support is gratefully acknowledged. SKJ, PKA, VPS Disclaimer The facts and opinions expressed in this work are those of the authors and not necessarily of their respective organizations. ix TABLE OF CONTENTS Dedication v Preface vii Acknowledgements ix List of Figures xiii List of Tables xxiii SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1. Physical Environment of India 3 SECTION 2: HYDROLOGY AND HYDROMETEOROLOGY 63 2. Water Budget and Population of India 65 3. Rainfall and Analysis of Rainfall Data 87 4. Evaporation and Other Meteorological Data 155 5. Runoff and Streamflow 193 6. Groundwater 235 SECTION 3: RIVER BASINS 295 7. River Basins of India 297 8. Ganga Basin 333 9. Brahmaputra and Barak Basin 419 10. Indus Basin 473 11. Narmada Basin 513 12. Tapi, Sabarmati and Mahi Basins 561 13. Mahanadi, Subernarekha and Brahmani Basins 597 14. Krishna and Godavari Basins 641 15. Cauvery and Pennar Basins 701 16. Other Basins and Islands 743 xi xii Table of Contents Eminent water resources professionals who have made outstanding contributions in India 791 SECTION 4: WATER USES, PROJECTS, PROBLEMS, AND GOVERNANCE 797 17. Major Uses of Water in India 799 18. Problems Related to Water Resources Management in India 871 19. Reservoirs and Lakes 937 20. Water Quality and Related Aspects 997 21. Constitutional Provisions, Inter-State Water Disputes and Treaties 1035 22. Inter-Basin Water Transfer 1065 23. Institutions in the Field of Hydrology and Water Resources 1111 24. Concepts of Water Governance for India 1155 References 1191 Appendix A. Abbreviations 1215 Appendix B. Conversion Factors 1217 Appendix C. National Water Policy 1219 Appendix D. Indian Standards related to Hydrology and Water Resources 1231 Index 1239 LIST OF FIGURES Chapter 1.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • India Nation Action Programme to Combat Desertification
    lR;eso t;rs INDIA NATION ACTION PROGRAMME TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION In the Context of UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION (UNCCD) Volume-I Status of Desertification MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI September 2001 National Action Programme to Combat Desertification FOREWORD India is endowed with a wide variety of climate, ecological regions, land and water resources. However, with barely 2.4% of the total land area of the world, our country has to be support 16.7% of the total human population and about 18% of the total livestock population of the world. This has put enormous pressure on our natural resources. Ecosystems are highly complex systems relating to a number of factors -both biotic and abiotic - governing them. Natural ecosystems by and large have a high resilience for stability and regeneration. However, continued interference and relentless pressures on utilisation of resources leads to an upset of this balance. If these issues are not effectively and adequately addressed in a holistic manner, they can lead to major environmental problems such as depletion of vegetative cover, increase in soil ero- sion, decline in water table, and loss of biodiversity all of which directly impact our very survival. Thus, measures for conservation of soil and other natural resources, watershed development and efficient water management are the key to sustainable development of the country. The socio-ecomonic aspects of human activities form an important dimension to the issue of conservation and protection of natural resources. The measures should not only include rehabilitation of degraded lands but to also ensure that the living condi- tions of the local communities are improved.
    [Show full text]
  • Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (A Govt. of India Enterprise)
    Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (A Govt. of India Enterprise) Notice Inviting “Expression of Interest” (EOI) for Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation (API) of 2D Seismic Data in un-appraised onland areas in 22 Sedimentary Basins of India. ONGC has been entrusted by MoP&NG, Govt. of India to carry out Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation (API) of approximately 40835 LKM 2D Seismic data in un-appraised onland areas falling in 22 sedimentary basins of India. The basic objective of the survey is to map and study Tertiary/ Mesozoic/Proterozoic sediments for prospectivity and assessment of their hydrocarbons potential. ONGC intends to outsource the 2D seismic A & PI jobs to reputed service providers so that it can be acquired, processed and interpreted in a scheduled time bound manner in 4 to 5 years as shown in table 1. Acquisition is to start tentatively from October 2015. ONGC seeks Expression of Interest (‘EOI’) under International Competitive Bidding Process (“ICB”) from reputed and experienced Indian as well as International bidders for API of 2D seismic data in these hitherto un-appraised onland areas in 22 sedimentary basins: A. Acquisition B. Processing and Interpretation Interested bidders may submit their response for Acquisition (A) or Processing and Interpretation (PI) or both ie, A&PI. Bidder may participate in one or more sectors for data acquisition depending upon their capability. As regards the Processing and Interpretation (PI) the areas may be clubbed in 2-3 groups depending upon geological complexity and type of processing required. It may please be noted that this is just a business enquiry and it does not constitute any offer for the intended work.
    [Show full text]
  • Sardar Sarovar Project
    FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Government of India Ministry of Water Resources Central Water Commission Narmada and Tapi Basin Organisation %vairt isaMcaa[- laaBa kaya-k`ma ko Antga -t 26vaaM p`baaoQana p`itvaodna P`aqama p`itvaodna vaYa- 2013-14 26th Monitoring Report under AIBP - Year 2013-14 (First Report) sardar saraovar nama-da piryaaojanaa ³gaujarat´ ( ) Sardar Sarovar (Narmada) Project (Gujarat) Monitoring Dte Narmada and Tapi Basin Organisation Gandhinagar frvarI 2014 February 2014 For Official Use Only Government of India Ministry of Water Resources Central Water Commission Narmada and Tapi Basin Organisation %vairt isaMcaa[- laaBa kaya-k`ma ko Antga-t 26vaaM p`baaoQana p`itvaodna P`aqama p`itvaodna vaYa- 2013¹14 26th Monitoring Report under AIBP-Year 2013-14 (First Report) Of sardar saraovar (nama-da) piryaaojanaa ³gaujarat´ Sardar Sarovar (Narmada) Project (Gujarat) inarIxaNa AvaiQa: 17 18 Ap`Ola 2013 - Monitoring Period: 17-18 April 2013 frvarI 2014 February 2014 %vairt isaMcaa[- laaBa kaya-k`ma ko Antga-t 26vaaM p`baaoQana p`itvaodna P`aqama p`itvaodna vaYa- 2013-14 26th Monitoring Report under AIBP Year 2013-14 (First Report) of sardar saraovar (nama-da) piryaaojanaa gaujarat Sardar Sarovar (Narmada) Project (Gujarat) ivaYaya saUcaI Contents Section Particulars Page No. List of Annexure 2 List of Plates 2 Abbreviations used in the report 3 Part-I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 NWDT Award 04 2.0 Sardar Sarovar Project 04 3.0 SSP under AIBP 06 4.0 Physical & Financial progress of the Project between 25th & 26th Monitoring 09 Report 5.0 Physical
    [Show full text]
  • Water Resource English Cover-2019-20.Cdr
    A Panoramic View of Krishna Raja Sagara Dam, Karnataka GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES RIVER DEVELOPMENT AND GANGA REJUVENATION NEW DELHI ANNUAL REPORT 2019-20 GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES RIVER DEVELOPMENT AND GANGA REJUVENATION NEW DELHI Content Sl. No. CHAPTER PAGE NO. 1. OVERVIEW 1-14 2. WATER RESOURCES SCENARIO 17-20 3. MAJOR PROGRAMMES 23-64 4. INTER-STATE RIVER ISSUES 67-71 5. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION 75-81 6. EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE IN WATER RESOURCES SECTOR 85-96 7. ORGANISATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS 99-170 8. PUBLIC SECTOR ENTERPRISES 173-184 9. INITIATIVES IN NORTH EAST 187-194 10. ADMINISTRATION, TRAINING AND GOVERNANACE 197-202 11. TRANSPARENCY 205 12. ROLE OF WOMEN IN WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 206 13. PROGRESSIVE USE OF HINDI 207-208 14. STAFF WELFARE 211-212 15. VIGILANCE 213 16. APPOINTMENT OF PERSONS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS 214 Annexures Sl. No. ANNEXURES PAGE NO. I. ORGANISATION CHART 217 II. STAFF IN POSITION AS ON 31.12.2019 218 III. LIST OF NAMES & ADDRESSES OF SENIOR OFFICERS & HEADS 219-222 OF ORGANISATIONS UNDER THE DEPARTMENT IV. BUDGET AT GLANCE 223-224 V. 225-226 COMPLETED/ ALMOST COMPLETED LIST OF PRIORITY PROJECTS (AIBP WORKS) REPORTED VI. CENTRAL ASSISTANCE & STATE SHARE DURING RELEASED 227 PMKSY 2016-20 FOR AIBP WORKS FOR 99 PRIORITY PROJECTS UNDER VII. CENTRAL ASSISTANCE & STATE SHARE RELEASED DURING 228 UNDER PMKSY 2016-20 FOR CADWM WORKS FOR 99 PRIORITY PROJECTS VIII. 229 UNDER FMP COMPONENT OF FMBAP STATE/UT-WISE DETAILS OF CENTRAL ASSISTANCE RELEASED IX.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter – 4 Surveys and Investigations
    Chapter – 4 Surveys and Investigations The surveys and investigations for the Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project have been carried out in order to study the technical feasibility of the scheme. 4.1 Topographical surveys Topographical surveys of the link consist of following items of works. 4.1.1 River surveys (a) River Par The river survey has been carried out along the river Par on which two dams, namely, Jheri and Mohankavchali are proposed. The L-Section along the river has been taken for 5 km u/s and 10.5 km d/s of the Jheri dam site upto RLs of 200.735 m and 140.655 m respectively. Altogether, 10 nos. of cross- sections have been taken for grid survey in the vicinity of Jheri dam site at 60 m interval. The river survey in the vicinity of Mohankavchali dam site could not be carried out due to local hindrance. As such, the details of the area have been taken from Survey of India toposheet (scale 1:50,000). (b) River Nar The river survey has been carried out along the river Nar (a tributary of river Par) on which Paikhed dam is proposed. The L-Section along the river has been taken for 5 km u/s and 5.5 km d/s of the Paikhed dam site upto RL of 193.21 m and 141.945 m respectively. However, cross-section could not be taken due to local hindrance. River survey along river Nar has also been carried out for a length of 8.42 km in the vicinity of Paikhed Weir.
    [Show full text]
  • Performance and Development Effectiveness of the Sardar Sarovar Project
    PERFORMANCE AND DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SARDAR SAROVAR PROJECT TATA INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (A Deemed University) V.N. Purav Marg, Deonar Mumbai 400088 INDIA www.tiss.edu ____________________________________________________________________________ Cover Photograph, Design and Layout : Mukund Sawant, TISS, Mumbai Text Layout, Design and Typesetting : Publications Unit, TISS, Mumbai Printing : Specific Assignments, Parel, Mumbai – 40 011 ii CONTENTS Preface iv Executive Summary vi Chapter 1 Sardar Sarovar Project: Examining Social, Environmental 1 and Financial Costs Chapter 2 Sardar Sarovar Project: Benefits Realised? 58 Chapter 3 Concluding Observations 90 Appendices 92 Appendix 1 Chronology of Events 92 Appendix 2 Extract from Directions Regarding Submergence, Land 99 Acquisition and Rehabilitation of the Displaced Persons Appendix 3 Case Studies 100 Appendix 4 Graphs 102 iii PREFACE The Tata institute of Social Sciences (TISS), Mumbai, was the official agency for Monitoring and Evaluation of Resettlement and Rehabilitation of people displaced in Maharashtra by the Sardar Sarovar Project (SSP) from 1987 to 1994. During this period, the TISS developed baseline data on social, demographic, economic, cultural and environmental aspects of individuals, families and communities in 33 villages in Akkalkuwa and Akrani tehsils of Dhule (now Nandurbar) district, and tracked changes in the habitat and life conditions of people shifted from Manibeli, Dhankhedi, and Chimalkhedi villages to Parveta (one of the earliest resettlement sites in Gujarat). While TISS moved out of its monitoring and evaluation role in 1994, it continued to track the progress made on various aspects of the SSP. Dam height has been steadily increasing and reached 121.92 m in October 2006; the final and pending phase of installing radial gates will take the dam height to 138.68 m.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report 4.2 IN-24740-R13-073
    STUDY ON PLANNING OF WATER RESOURCES OF RAJASTHAN Contents Page Table of Contents I Abbreviations and Acronyms IX Executive Summary i 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 2. OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................... 3 3. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................... 4 3.1 General ................................................................................................................ 4 3.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................ 4 3.2.1 General .................................................................................................. 4 3.2.2 Data Collection and Validation ................................................................ 5 3.2.3 Modelling for Assessment of Surface Water Potential............................. 9 3.2.4 Inter-state Water Sharing ...................................................................... 10 3.2.5 Groundwater Data Processing .............................................................. 11 3.2.6 Groundwater Abstraction Village-wise .................................................. 19 3.2.7 Assessment of Dynamic Ground Water Resources .............................. 19 3.2.8 Assessment of Static Ground Water Resources ................................... 20 4. APPLIED BACKGROUND
    [Show full text]
  • PROTECTED AREA UPDATE News and Information from Protected Areas in India and South Asia
    T PROTECTED AREA UPDATE News and Information from protected areas in India and South Asia Vol. XXI, No. 4 August 2015 (No. 116) LIST OF CONTENTS Maharashtra 10 Tadoba Andhari TR to get high-tech surveillance EDITORIAL 3 system A rich and diverse menu 48 tigers outside protected areas in Chandrapur district NEWS FROM INDIAN STATES The Blue Mormon is Maharashtra’s ‘State butterfly’ Andaman & Nicobar Islands 3 State wildlife board meets sans experts, clears 11 Wildlife training for foresters and police projects Six more Andaman islands to be opened up for Pench tigress re-captured tourism; five part of the PA network Relocated villagers return to Navegaon NP and set Assam 4 forest afire Rhino killed near Orang NP, third this year Zoo, night safari to come up in Nagpur Eight rhino horns recovered from poachers this year Rajasthan 13 Biometric survey of people living in Kaziranga NP Stress impeding breeding in Sariska tigers: Study KMSS halts eviction drive at Kaziranga NP Committee to look into man-animal conflict in Chhattisgarh 6 Ranthambhore TR State may try cultivation of turmeric and tobacco to Wildlife activists oppose road widening in the core curb human-elephant conflict area of Sariska TR Gujarat 6 Tamil Nadu 14 Farmhouses, guesthouses on Gir periphery given Pilgrims allowed inside Srivilliputhur Grizzled permission as homestay establishments Squirrel Sanctuary after protests MoEFCC to oppose relocation of lions to MP 113 butterfly species found in Srivilliputhur Grizzled Himachal Pradesh 7 Squirrel sanctuary 306 cases of leopard
    [Show full text]
  • ILR in Parliament
    ILR in Parliament Here, the ILR issues raised and were discussed in both the houses of Parliament during the Winter session and reporting period starting from 01st October to 31st December, 2019 and projected on the Parliament of India website (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) were incorporated here for information to our readers/stakeholders. A. Lok Sabha 1.1 Whether any proposals regarding ILR in Karnataka, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh are pending with the Government; if so, the details and reasons; the details of work done so far to inter-link the waters of rivers and dams in the said States; and whether any hindrances are being faced in completion of the said projects and if so, the details thereof. The NPP was prepared by the then Ministry of Irrigation (now MoJS) in August 1980 for water resources development through IBWT for transferring water from water surplus basins to water-deficit basins. Under the NPP, the NWDA has identified 30 links (16 under Peninsular Component and 14 under Himalayan Component) for preparation of FRs. Under the NPP, three ILR projects namely, Krishna (Almatti)-Pennar; Bedti-Varda and Netravati-Hemavati link projects have been identified benefitting Karnataka State. Three ILR projects namely, Yamuna- Rajasthan; Rajasthan-Sabarmati and Parbati–Kalishindh – Chambal link projects have been identified benefitting Rajasthan State. Two ILR projects namely, D-P and P-T-N link projects have been identified benefitting Maharashtra State. Six ILR projects namely, K-B; Gandak – Ganga; Ghaghra (Karnali)-Yamuna; Sarda-Yamuna; Chunar-Sone Barrage and Kosi-Ghaghra (Karnali) link projects have been identified benefitting UP State.
    [Show full text]
  • Madhya Pradesh: Geography Contents
    MPPSCADDA Web: mppscadda.com Telegram: t.me/mppscadda WhatsApp/Call: 9953733830, 7982862964 MADHYA PRADESH: GEOGRAPHY CONTENTS ❖ Chapter 1 Introduction to Geography of Madhya Pradesh ❖ Chapter 2 Physiographic Divisions of Madhya Pradesh ❖ Chapter 3 Climate Season and Rainfall in Madhya Pradesh ❖ Chapter 4 Soils of Madhya Pradesh ❖ Chapter 5 Rivers and Drainage System of Madhya Pradesh ❖ Chapter 6 Major Irrigation and Electrical Projects of Madhya Pradesh ❖ Chapter 7 Forests and Forest Produce of Madhya Pradesh ❖ Chapter 8 Biodiversity of Madhya Pradesh CONTACT US AT: Website :mppscadda.com Telegram :t.me/mppscadda WhatsApp :7982862964 WhatsApp/Call :9711733833 Gmail: [email protected] FREE TESTS: http://mppscadda.com/login/ Web: mppscadda.com Telegram: t.me/mppscadda WhatsApp/Call: 9953733830, 7982862964 INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHY OF MADHYA PRADESH MPPSCADDA Web: mppscadda.com Telegram: t.me/mppscadda WhatsApp/Call: 9953733830, 7982862964 1. INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHY OF MADHYA PRADESH Topography of Madhya Pradesh • Madhya Pradesh is situated at the north-central part of Peninsular plateau India, whose boundary can be classified in the north by the plains of Ganga-Yamuna, in the west by the Aravalli, east by the Chhattisgarh plain and in the south by the Tapti Valley and the plateau of Maharashtra. • Geological Structure: Geologically MP is a part of Gondwana Land. 3,08,252 km2 Area (9.38% of the total area of India) 21⁰ 6' - 26 ⁰30' Latitudinal Expansion 605 km (North to South) 74⁰ 59' - 82 ⁰66' Longitudinal Expansion 870 km (East to West) Width is more than Length Indian Standard Meridian Singrauli District ( Only one district in MP) 82⁰30' passes • Topic of Cancer and Indian Standard Meridian do not cross each other in any part of MP Geographical Position of MP • Madhya Pradesh is the 2nd (second) largest state by area with its area 9.38% of the total area of the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter - 1 Introduction
    Chapter - 1 Introduction 1.1 General This report contains revised feasibility studies of Par-Tapi-Narmada Link project. This Link in the western part of India is planned to transfer water from the water surplus regions of Western Ghats to the water deficit regions of Saurashtra and Kutch. The link project includes seven reservoirs proposed in north Maharashtra and south Gujarat. The water from the seven proposed reservoirs would be taken through a 395 km long canal including the 33km length of the feeder canals to take over a part of the command of the on- going Sardar Sarovar Project, while irrigating small enroute areas. This would save Sardar Sarovar water which will be used to extend irrigation in Saurashtra and Kutch region. 1.1.1 Need for planning The rainfall in the country is mostly confined to monsoon season and is unevenly distributed with respect to both space and time. As a result, some parts of the country are affected by frequent droughts, whereas other parts are affected by floods. Nearly one third of the country is drought prone. Water will become scarce resource in the near future, due to increasing thrust of population and increasing demands of water for various uses. Therefore, it needs no emphasis that water needs to be harnessed in a scientific and efficient manner for its optimum utilisation. The monsoon flood waters need to be conserved and utilised during the period of its scarcity for drinking & industrial use, irrigation, power generation etc. The water availability and requirements in the various river basins should be assessed realistically and the requirements be met appropriately.
    [Show full text]
  • Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project Salient Features Sl
    Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project Salient Features Sl. Particulars No. 1 Name of the Project Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project 2 Type of Project Multipurpose (Irrigation or Multipurpose) 3 Location Maharashtra and Gujarat 3.1 River Basin a) Name Par, Auranga, Ambica, Purna, Mindhola, Tapi,Kim and Narmada b) Located in i) State(s) Gujarat and Maharashtra 3.2 River / Tributary Par/Aroti, Nar, Bhimtas, Vajra and Keng Auranga/Man and Tan, Ambica/Khapri, Olan, Kaveri and Kharera,Purna/Girra, Zankhari and Damas khadi 3.3 State(s)/Districtrict(s)/ Taluka(s) in which the following are located: a) Reservoirs State District Taluka (i) Jheri Dam Maharashtra Nasik Peint (ii) Paikhed Dam Gujarat / Valsad/Nasik Dharampur/ Maharashtra Surgana (iii)Chasmandva Dam Gujarat / Valsad/Nasik Dharampur/ Maharashtra Surgana (iv) Chikkar Dam Gujarat Dang Ahwa (v) Dabdar Dam Gujarat Dang Ahwa (vi)Kelwan Dam Gujarat Dang Ahwa b) Head work State District Taluka (i) Jheri Dam Maharashtra Nasik Peint (ii) (a) Paikhed Dam Gujarat Valsad Dharampur (b)Paikhed barrage Gujarat Valsad Dharampur (iii) (a)Chasmandva Gujarat Valsad Dharampur Dam (b)Chasmandva Gujarat Valsad Dharampur barrage (iv) Chikkar Dam Gujarat Dang Ahwa (v) Dabdar Dam Gujarat Dang Ahwa (vi) Kelwan Dam Gujarat Dang Ahwa xxxiv c) Command Area State District Taluka 1. Enroute command Gujarat Dang Ahwa area Bharuch Ankleshwar, Valia Jhagadia Navsari Vansda Surat Mangrol,Mahuva, Mandvi Tapi Vyara Valsad Dharampur 2. Projects proposed by Gujarat Navsari Vansda,Chikhali Government of Khergam Gujarat Valsad Kaprada, Valsad, Dharampur Tapi Vyara,Songadh Surat Mahuva 3. Right side command Gujarat Tapi Vyara area by lift Tapi Songadh Surat Mangrol, Umarpada Bharuch Jhagadia, Valia 4.
    [Show full text]