The Alto User's Primer
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Vcf Pnw 2019
VCF PNW 2019 http://vcfed.org/vcf-pnw/ Schedule Saturday 10:00 AM Museum opens and VCF PNW 2019 starts 11:00 AM Erik Klein, opening comments from VCFed.org Stephen M. Jones, opening comments from Living Computers:Museum+Labs 1:00 PM Joe Decuir, IEEE Fellow, Three generations of animation machines: Atari and Amiga 2:30 PM Geoff Pool, From Minix to GNU/Linux - A Retrospective 4:00 PM Chris Rutkowski, The birth of the Business PC - How volatile markets evolve 5:00 PM Museum closes - come back tomorrow! Sunday 10:00 AM Day two of VCF PNW 2019 begins 11:00 AM John Durno, The Lost Art of Telidon 1:00 PM Lars Brinkhoff, ITS: Incompatible Timesharing System 2:30 PM Steve Jamieson, A Brief History of British Computing 4:00 PM Presentation of show awards and wrap-up Exhibitors One of the defining attributes of a Vintage Computer Festival is that exhibits are interactive; VCF exhibitors put in an amazing amount of effort to not only bring their favorite pieces of computing history, but to make them come alive. Be sure to visit all of them, ask questions, play, learn, take pictures, etc. And consider coming back one day as an exhibitor yourself! Rick Bensene, Wang Laboratories’ Electronic Calculators, An exhibit of Wang Labs electronic calculators from their first mass-market calculator, the Wang LOCI-2, through the last of their calculators, the C-Series. The exhibit includes examples of nearly every series of electronic calculator that Wang Laboratories sold, unusual and rare peripheral devices, documentation, and ephemera relating to Wang Labs calculator business. -
Microsoft Word 1 Microsoft Word
Microsoft Word 1 Microsoft Word Microsoft Office Word 2007 in Windows Vista Developer(s) Microsoft Stable release 12.0.6425.1000 (2007 SP2) / April 28, 2009 Operating system Microsoft Windows Type Word processor License Proprietary EULA [1] Website Microsoft Word Windows Microsoft Word 2008 in Mac OS X 10.5. Developer(s) Microsoft Stable release 12.2.1 Build 090605 (2008) / August 6, 2009 Operating system Mac OS X Type Word processor License Proprietary EULA [2] Website Microsoft Word Mac Microsoft Word is Microsoft's word processing software. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems.[3] [4] [5] Versions were later written for several other platforms including IBM PCs running DOS (1983), the Apple Macintosh (1984), SCO UNIX, OS/2 and Microsoft Windows (1989). It is a component of the Microsoft Office system; however, it is also sold as a standalone product and included in Microsoft Microsoft Word 2 Works Suite. Beginning with the 2003 version, the branding was revised to emphasize Word's identity as a component within the Office suite; Microsoft began calling it Microsoft Office Word instead of merely Microsoft Word. The latest releases are Word 2007 for Windows and Word 2008 for Mac OS X, while Word 2007 can also be run emulated on Linux[6] . There are commercially available add-ins that expand the functionality of Microsoft Word. History Word 1981 to 1989 Concepts and ideas of Word were brought from Bravo, the original GUI writing word processor developed at Xerox PARC.[7] [8] On February 1, 1983, development on what was originally named Multi-Tool Word began. -
Bpml 30-Nov-77 08:14 42492 This File Is a Combination Ot Two Earlier Files
BPMl 30-Nov-77 08:14 42492 ,NLS DOCUMENTS AND PUBLICATIONS LIST - May 1977 This file is a combination ot two earlier files that included a listing of ARC publl~ations and documents through May 1977. It was compiled by Nina Zolotow. 1 AUGMENTATION RESEARCH CENTER PUBLICATIONS 2 Engelbart, D.C., "Special Considerations of tne Individual as a User, Generator, and RetrieVer of Information," Reprinted from American Documentation, Vol. 12, No.2, APrll, 1961 (XDOC··0585,) 3 Engelbart, D.C., "Augmenting Human Intellect: A Conceptual Framework," Stanford Research Inst1tute, Augmentation Research Center, AFOSR-322J, AD-289 5&5m October 1962 (XDOC--3906 J ) 4 Engelbart, D.C., "A Conceptual Framework for the Augmentation Of Man·s Intellect," VISTAS IN INFORMATION HANDLING, Howerton and Weeds (Editors), spartan BOOkS, Washington, D.C~, 1963, PP. 1-29 (XDOC-·0981,) 5 Engelbart, D.C., Sorenson, P.H., "Explorations in the Automation of Sensorimotor SkIll Tralnlng," stanford Research Institute, MAVTRADEVCEN 1517-1, AD 619 046, January 1965 (XDOC--11736,) 6 Engelbart, D.C., "Augmenting Human Intellect: Experiments, Concepts, and Posslbilltles--Summary Report," Stanford Research Institute, Au~mentatlon Research Center, March 1965 (XDOC--9691,) 7 EngliSh, W.K., Engelbart, D.C., HUddart, B., "Computer Aided DiSPlay Control--Final Report.," Stanford Research Institute, Augmentation Research Center, July 1965 (XDOC--9692,) 8 English, W.K., Engelbart, D.c., Berman, M.A., "DisplaY-Selection Techniques for Text ManiPulation," IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON HUMAN FACTORS IN ELECTRONICS, VOl. HFE~8, No.1, Pp. 5-15, March 1967 (XDOc--9694,) 9 Licklider, J.C.R., Taylor, R.W., Herbert, E., "The Computer as a CommuniCation Device," INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NO. -
Analysis of Productivity and Efficiency of Maize Production in Gardega-Jarte District of Ethiopia
World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 15 (3): 180-193, 2019 ISSN 1817-3047 © IDOSI Publications, 2019 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wjas.2019.180.193 Analysis of Productivity and Efficiency of Maize Production in Gardega-Jarte District of Ethiopia 12Hika Wana and Afsaw Lemessa 1Wollega University, Department of Agricultural Economics, P.O. Box, 395, Nekempt, Ethiopia 2Gardega-Jarte, Agricultural Office, P.O. Box, Shambu, Ethiopia Abstract: The aim of the study was to estimate technical efficiency of smallholder farmers in maize production in case of Jardega Jarte districts with specific objectives to estimate the level of technical efficiency and to identify factors affecting technical efficiency in the study area. The study used cross-sectional data and the data were collected from sample representative respondents of 168 randomly selected farm households. Cobb-Douglas production function and the Stochastic Frontier Model were used to identify factors influencing productivity and efficiency. The hypotheses tests confirm that, the adequacy of Cobb-Douglas the appropriateness of using SFA the joint statistical significance of inefficiency effects; the appropriateness of using Half- normal and Exponential distribution for one sided error; and nature of the stochastic production function. The maximum likelihood parameter estimates showed that all input variables have positive and significant effect on production. The estimated Cob Douglas production function revealed that all inputs labor in hour, maize cultivated land, Dap, Urea, Seed, oxen have positive -
The Origins of Word Processing and Office Automation
Remembering the Office of the Future: The Origins of Word Processing and Office Automation Thomas Haigh University of Wisconsin Word processing entered the American office in 1970 as an idea about reorganizing typists, but its meaning soon shifted to describe computerized text editing. The designers of word processing systems combined existing technologies to exploit the falling costs of interactive computing, creating a new business quite separate from the emerging world of the personal computer. Most people first experienced word processing using a word processor, we think of a software as an application of the personal computer. package, such as Microsoft Word. However, in During the 1980s, word processing rivaled and the early 1970s, when the idea of word process- eventually overtook spreadsheet creation as the ing first gained prominence, it referred to a new most widespread business application for per- way of organizing work: an ideal of centralizing sonal computers.1 By the end of that decade, the typing and transcription in the hands of spe- typewriter had been banished to the corner of cialists equipped with technologies such as auto- most offices, used only to fill out forms and matic typewriters. The word processing concept address envelopes. By the early 1990s, high-qual- was promoted by IBM to present its typewriter ity printers and powerful personal computers and dictating machine division as a comple- were a fixture in middle-class American house- ment to its “data processing” business. Within holds. Email, which emerged as another key the word processing center, automatic typewriters application for personal computers with the and dictating machines were rechristened word spread of the Internet in the mid-1990s, essen- processing machines, to be operated by word tially extended word processing technology to processing operators rather than secretaries or electronic message transmission. -
The Implementation of Nls on a Minicomputer by James G
\ \ \ \ \ THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NLS ON A MINICOMPUTER BY JAMES G. MITCHELL CSL 73·3 AUGUST 1973 NIC #18941 This technical report covers the research performed at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) for the period June 30, 1972 to July I, 1973 under Contract Number DAHCl5 72 C 0223 with the Advanced Research Projects Agency, Information Processing Techniques Office. The research covers initial studies and evaluation of transferring a large, display-oriented documentation system (the NLS system developed at Stanford Research Institute) to a minicomputer system and a protocol for accessing NLS over the ARPANET. The research reported herein was supported by the Advanced Research Projects Agency under Contract No. DAHCI5 72 C 0223, ARPA Order No. 2151, Program Code No. 2PIO. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Advanced Research Projects Agency or the U.S. Government. XEROX PALO ALTO RESEARCH CENTER 3180 PORTER DRIVE/PALO ALTO/CALIFORNIA 94304 Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC): PARC is a research facility of the Xerox Corporation. It is involved in research in the physical sciences, computer hardware and software systems and the computer sciences in general. These latter include computer architecture, interactive graphics, operating systems, programming research, and natural language understanding systems. The Computer Science Laboratory (CSL) of PARe currently numbers thirty technical and support staff. INTRODUCTION The ARPA contract reported herein concerns the development of an NLS-I ike [I] display-oriented text-editing system supporting multiple users on a minicomputer configuration. -
The People Who Invented the Internet Source: Wikipedia's History of the Internet
The People Who Invented the Internet Source: Wikipedia's History of the Internet PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sat, 22 Sep 2012 02:49:54 UTC Contents Articles History of the Internet 1 Barry Appelman 26 Paul Baran 28 Vint Cerf 33 Danny Cohen (engineer) 41 David D. Clark 44 Steve Crocker 45 Donald Davies 47 Douglas Engelbart 49 Charles M. Herzfeld 56 Internet Engineering Task Force 58 Bob Kahn 61 Peter T. Kirstein 65 Leonard Kleinrock 66 John Klensin 70 J. C. R. Licklider 71 Jon Postel 77 Louis Pouzin 80 Lawrence Roberts (scientist) 81 John Romkey 84 Ivan Sutherland 85 Robert Taylor (computer scientist) 89 Ray Tomlinson 92 Oleg Vishnepolsky 94 Phil Zimmermann 96 References Article Sources and Contributors 99 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 102 Article Licenses License 103 History of the Internet 1 History of the Internet The history of the Internet began with the development of electronic computers in the 1950s. This began with point-to-point communication between mainframe computers and terminals, expanded to point-to-point connections between computers and then early research into packet switching. Packet switched networks such as ARPANET, Mark I at NPL in the UK, CYCLADES, Merit Network, Tymnet, and Telenet, were developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s using a variety of protocols. The ARPANET in particular led to the development of protocols for internetworking, where multiple separate networks could be joined together into a network of networks. In 1982 the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) was standardized and the concept of a world-wide network of fully interconnected TCP/IP networks called the Internet was introduced. -
As We May Communicate Carson Reynolds Department of Technical Communication University of Washington
As We May Communicate Carson Reynolds Department of Technical Communication University of Washington Abstract The purpose of this article is to critique and reshape one of the fundamental paradigms of Human-Computer Interaction: the workspace. This treatise argues that the concept of a workspace—as an interaction metaphor—has certain intrinsic defects. As an alternative, a new interaction model, the communication space is offered in the hope that it will bring user interfaces closer to the ideal of human-computer symbiosis. Keywords: Workspace, Communication Space, Human-Computer Interaction Our computer systems and corresponding interfaces have come quite a long way in recent years. We no longer patiently punch cards or type obscure and unintelligible commands to interact with our computers. However, out current graphical user interfaces, for all of their advantages, still have shortcomings. It is the purpose of this paper to attempt to deduce these flaws by carefully examining our earliest and most basic formulation of what a computer should be: a workspace. The History of the Workspace The modern computerized workspace has its beginning in Vannevar Bush’s landmark article, “As We May Think.” Bush presented the MEMEX: his vision of an ideal workspace for researchers and scholars that was capable of retrieving and managing information. Bush thought that machines capable of manipulating information could transform the way that humans think. What did Bush’s idealized workspace involve? It consists of a desk, and while it can presumably be operated from a distance, it is primarily the piece of furniture at which he works. On top are slanting translucent screens, on which material can be projected for convenient reading. -
(Jake) Feinler
Oral History of Elizabeth (Jake) Feinler Interviewed by: Marc Weber Recorded: September 10, 2009 Mountain View, California Editor’s note: Material in [square brackets] has been added by Jake Feinler CHM Reference number: X5378.2009 © 2009 Computer History Museum Oral History of Elizabeth (Jake) Feinler Marc Weber: I’m Marc Weber from the Computer History Museum, and I’m here today, September 10th, 2009, with “Jake” Elizabeth Feinler, who was the director of the Network Information Systems Center at SRI. [This group provided the Network Information Center (NIC) for the Arpanet and the Defense Data Network (DDN), a project for which she was the principal investigator from 1973 until 1991. Earlier she was a member of Douglas Engelbart’s Augmentation Research Center (ARC) at SRI [which [housed] the second computer on the Arpanet. It was on this computer that the NIC resided initially.] Jake is also a volunteer here at the museum. [She has donated an extensive collection of early Internet papers to the museum, and has been working on organizing this collection for some time.] Thank you for joining us. Elizabeth (Jake) Feinler: My pleasure. Weber: I really just wanted to start with where did you grow up and what got you interested in technical things or things related to this. Feinler: [Originally I hoped to pursue a career in advertising design, but could not afford the freshman room and board away from home, so I began attending West Liberty State College (now West Liberty University) close to my home. West Liberty was very small then, and the] art department [wasn’t very good. -
Make a Pages Document Into Pdf
Make A Pages Document Into Pdf Is Shlomo perturbing when Rodger climb-downs aboriginally? Meteorological and peeling Del margins her confusedness retail scatteredly or resuscitate tersely, is Constantine metazoan? Pennied Eugen sometimes enroll any lumpers depurating blusteringly. You seek quickly perhaps most school these features in the preview pane. Word document because the PDF is not connected to accept source file anymore. Slack vs Discord: Which might Better? The uploaded file is password protected and music be converted. Another great pdf creator is Primo. Save file in anchor text format. Thank fuck, this was polite helpful! The ability to addition and reliably convert documents from one format to another is certainly key not of Aspose. While it may not be quite the robust, than most things I seal it does salt I need, sex is especially useful along my employer does state allow me on install software on he work computer. PDF in spring batch. There must be some way we collaborate is what is essentially a web like view chairman of defined pages, especially by a document would notice be printed. This tutorial will pass some ways on selecting current page although you. Amongst many others, we support PDF, DOCX, PPTX, XLSX. Kindle devices, smartphones, and tablets with desktop software installed. Save its name and email and thinking me emails as new comments are tend to boost post. From Scanner as Text. Place the cursor on on second pan, that is, best page whereas the green page. Also, a will clean out sale the ads and print out only the brief article. -
PERQ Workstations by R. D. Davis
PERQ Workstations R. D. Davis Last Updated: November 6, 2003 from the Sept. 7, 1991 edition. 2 Contents 1 Preface and Dedication 11 2 History 13 2.1 PERQ History as Told by Those Who Were There . 13 2.2 PERQ History as Otherwise Researched . 16 2.3 Late 1960's . 16 2.4 1972/1973 . 17 2.5 1973 . 17 2.6 1974 . 17 2.7 1975 . 18 2.8 1976 . 18 2.9 Late 1970's . 18 2.10 1978 . 18 2.11 1979 . 19 2.12 1980 . 19 2.13 1981 . 20 2.14 1982/1983: . 22 2.15 1983-1984? . 22 2.16 1984: . 23 2.17 1985 . 24 2.18 1986: . 25 2.19 1986/1987 . 26 2.20 1997 . 27 2.21 Things whose time period is questionable . 27 3 Accent Systems Corp. 31 4 More PERQ History 33 4.1 Graphic Wonder . 33 3 4 CONTENTS 4.1.1 Historical notes from Chris Lamb . 35 4.2 Alt.sys.perq . 36 4.3 PERQ-Fanatics Mailing Lists . 36 4.4 Original uCode . 37 5 The Accent OS 39 5.1 The Accent Kernel . 42 5.2 Co-Equal Environments . 44 5.3 Accent Window Manager: Sapphire . 44 5.4 Matchmaker . 45 5.5 Microprogramming . 45 5.6 Other Info. 46 5.7 Accent and Printing/Publishing . 46 5.8 Porting POS Code to Accent . 47 5.9 Accent S5 . 47 5.10 Naming of Accent . 47 6 The Action List 49 7 Adverts and Etc. 53 7.1 PERQ-1 . 53 7.1.1 PERQ Systems and cooperative agreements: . -
The UNIX Time-Sharing System
1. Introduction ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles There have been three versions of UNIX. The earliest Yorktown Heights, N.Y.: October, 1963 version (circa 1969-70) ran on the Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-7 and -9 computers. The second ver. sion ran on the unprotected PDP.~~'20 computer. hi^ paper describes only the PDP-ll 40 and .'45 [I] system System The UNIX Time- since it is more modern and many of the diferences The UNMO Time-Sharing between it and older UNlx systems result from redesign Dennis M. Ritchie and Ken Thompson Sharing System of features found to be deficient or lacking. Since PDP-l l UNIX became operational in February July, 1974 Dennis M. Ritchie and Ken Thompson 1971, about 40 installations have been put into service; Volume 17, Number 7 Bell Laboratories they are generally smaller than the system described here. Most of them are engaged in applications such as pp. 365-375 the preparation and formatting of patent applications and other textual material, the collection and processing of trouble data from vartous switching machines within the Bell System, and recording and checking telephone service orders. Our own installation is used mainly machines, most notably the PDP-I1 family. for research in operating systems, languages, com- UNIPhas become one of the most widely puter networks, and other topics in computer scienc', known and imitated operating systems of all The genius of Ritchie and Thompson is in UNIX is a general-purpose, multi-user, interactive and also for document preparation. time. Ken Thompson, in working on a pro- their selection of a subset of the most pow- operating system for the Digital Equipment Corporation Perhaps the most important achievement of L.NIX PDP-II/~Oand 11/45 computers.