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Leucopogon Coll/Nus (Epacridaceae) and Associated Taxa in Tasmania

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Leucopogon Coll/Nus (Epacridaceae) and Associated Taxa in Tasmania 105 LEUCOPOGON COLL/NUS (EPACRIDACEAE) AND ASSOCIATED TAXA IN TASMANIA by J.M. Powell (with four text-figun;s and two plates) Study of Tasmanian herbarium specimens currently under the name L. collinus (Labill.) R. Br. indicate that two other taxa are included within it, namely L. pilifer Wakefield, known previously fromVictoria, and L. oreophilus Powell sp. nov. A key to the three species is given and each is described. The history of the names, problems associated with early collections and the distinction of early varieties are discussed. Key Words: Epacridaceae, flora, Tasmania. In BANKS, M.R. et al. (Eds), 1991 (31:iii): ASPECTS OF TASMANIAN BOTANY-A TRIBUTE TO WINIFRED CURTIS. Roy. Soc. Tasm. Hobart: 105-112. https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.124.2.105 INTRODUCTION EARLY NAMES AND SPECIMENS OF L. COLL/NUS AND L. CILIATUS Leucopogon collinus is a widespread common species in Tasmanian heathland vegetation and is found also in Leucopogon collinus (Labill.) R.Br. Victoria and New South Wales. In Tasmania it exhibits considerable morphological variation in leaf form and Leucopogon collinus was described originally by size, and in flower size. This led to a number of varietal, Labillardiere (1804-6) as Styphelia collina from form and even other specific names being used by early specimens collected in the Storm Bay area (labelled botanists and collectors. More recently this species has "Capite Van-Dieman") according to Nelson (1974). been considered as a "complex" that requires further Labillardiere described the plant as a foot [0.3 m] high, study. Curtis (1963) noted that "Although certain of the with the leaves scattered, reddish when young and flat, variants are very distinctive in appearance, intermediate oblong, sessile, and serrate-ciliate. The flowers were forms occur and further work is necessary to determine borne on simple or paired oblong racemes, often their status." terminal, and the calyx and bracts were 5-7 nerved. The Current study of herbarium specimens under this anthers were attached at the middle. The ovary was name indicates the presence of at least three taxa. One ovate, the style short, and the hypogynous disc had 5 of these is Leucopogon pilifer Wakefield, described in somewhat acute scales. The drupe was 5-locular, ovate­ 1956 from Victorian material and now recognised as oblong, with a solitary seed developing. also present in the central and northeastern mountains Labillardiere's diagram (1804: 47, tab. 65) shows of Tasmania. Another, sympatric withL.pi lifer, is named flat, narrow-elliptic leaves, 6-9-flowered spikes and in this contribution; it was illustrated and described the drupe 2-locular with three other vascular bundles as part of a variety of L. ciliatus Cunn. ex DC. possibly indicating aborted locules. Specimens labelled distinguished by Hooker (1860) but not formally named. as from his collections held at K, MEL and in the De L, collinus is retained as a morphologically complex Candolie Herbarium match well with the diagram. Study species with apparently continuous variation in a number of the K and MEL material indicates that the ovary is of attributes. Future field studies of populations and 2-locular, not 5-locular as stated. morphometric analysis may lead to a number of taxa Brown (1810) described L. collinus from his own being distinguished within this complex but this has not specimens collected from heathlands near Port been possible on the basis of the herbarium material Dalrymple and the Derwent River (Bennett 2442 at currently available. K!). He noted that the spikes terminated short lateral branches, and that the leaves were oblong-linear, slightly acute, blunt, erect, smooth, slightly convex, the margin recurved, denticulate. He placed S. collina Labill. in synonymy. 106 J~M. Powell PLATE 1 (A) [sotype collection of Leucopogon ciliatus Cunn. ex DC. (B) Close~up of part of this specimen showing characteristic Leucopogon collin us attributes ofrecurved leaf margins, and multiflowered spikes exceeding leaves. The leaves of Brown's specimens are mainly oblong disposition and type of margin. He cited various Gunn or sometimes elliptic and the spikes are 8-17-flowered. specimens as typical of each and placed De Candolle's De Candolle (1839) accepted both of the earlier variety brownii and S. collina Labill. in synonymy. descriptions and distinguished two varieties: Study of all the specimens listed by Hooker for his - a, billardieri, based on the Labillardiere specimen three varieties ( var. a: Gunn 1191, Gunn 211, Gunn which he noted as having flat leaves that were ciliate 34; var. p: Gunn 1190; and vaL y: Gunn 1188, Gunn over their whole length; 1189), indicate that they all belong within L. collinus. - p, brownii, based on Brown's specimen from Port These specimens show some variation in leaf shape, in Dalrymple, characterised by having leaves with length and width, density of marginal teeth and recurving recurved margins that were ciliate-denticulate in both of the margin, and in calyx shape and marginal hairiness, directions. but there are no obvious disjunctions in the variation, or Hooker (1860) distinguished three varieties of L. collinus other attributes that can be used as a basis for differ­ on the basis of plant height, leaf length, shape and entiation. collinus in Tasmania 107 Leucopogon ciliatus Cmm. ex DC. of the rx specimens iudicate that they are L. coliinus and confirms that L. citiatus Cunn. ex De CandoHe (1839) published Allan DC. is synonymous. The materials listed under variety manuscript name ciliatus based on ~ are different and there are two taxa included within Cunningham specimen collected on the wesl coast of this Gunn 1192 is, in fact, L. pili/er Wakefield, Tasmania. This specimen appears to be a duplicate of characterised cilia on the leaf it is that held at Kew which has the number 801l8lY and described in detail below. The specimens numbered additional information "A branching shrub on dry Gunn 1984 and Gunn 2:048 both have short, broadly hills, on the shores of Harbour VD Land leaves that are concave or flat, with January 1819" (pI. LA, B). The plant was described cilia much shorter ,ban in L. and finer and more De Candolle as having crowded, puberulous branchlets, spaced than in most spcci.mens of L. collinus. This with the leaves linear-oblong with blunt apex, 6-8 mm is the taxon illustrated in Hooker's tabula 75A and now long, fairly fiat, ciliate and both sides. The described in detail fud as a new spikes were tenninal, 8--10 mm long, almost solitary, L. DC., in synonymy Hooker, is slightly longer than the leaves, 9-lO-fiowered, with the v(}Im NIP' not,nl,?"",' (DC.) Druce. peduncle puberuJent. The flowers were dense, the corolla Bentham (1869) mcluded L ciliatus Cunn. ex DC. in lobes very hirsute above. L. collinus (LabilL) RBr. He stated: The specimens appear to be typical of a robust form "The commonest fonn in Tasmania is erect, of L. collin us that has dense, convex, relatively short shrubby, and pubescent. From mountain leaves, and many-flowered spikes that exceed the leaves grassy situations the specimens show a small (pI. IE). diffuse with slender branches and small On the label, Cunningham commented that the species almost flat leaves. Cunningham's specimens of was "closely allied to L. vi ilosus R.Br. a plant of the So. L. ciliatus have more the habit and longer leaves Coast" but De Candolle (1839) noted that that particular of the common foml, but they are nearly flat. species was unknown to him. L. villosus R.Br. is pa11 They answer very well to Labillardiere's own of a Western Australian complex considered under the name L. obovatus (LabilL) R.Br. or L.revolutus R.Br. Bentham's concept is obviously a broad one, including Hooker accepted L. ciliatus although he noted that it within L. collin us both L. pilifer and the new species. "may be a variety" of L. collinus (Hooker 1860: 25 I). He described it as a small shrub, the branches sub-erect or decumbent, the leaves small, elliptical or oblong­ Leucopogon pilifer Wakefield elliptic, acuminate, blunt-tipped, flat, glabrous and ciliate, and the spikes sub-solitary, terminal, and This taxon, described by Wakefield (1956) as 4-8-flowered. He considered that De Candolle's Leucopogon piliferus (grammatj£ally incorrect -­ L. petiolaris, L. collinus vaL fl.., billardieri and pilifer = bearing hairs), is based on a Willis specimen Labillardiere's colli na were possibly as holotype, but in the notes, specimens collected by F. synonyms. Mueller are mentioned as variously labelled as L. Hooker (1860) distinguished two varieties of collinus b. alpinus and S. alpin us (see MEL 78512, MEL L. c iliatus : 785(2). Mueller (! 867-68) did not fonnally narile these - var. a, described as robust, with erect branches and taxa; he mentioned them under Styphelia col/ina stating many flowered spikes; based on Gunn 852 and Clunn "in the highest of Australia and Tasmania a 1191 collections, this variety was "not uncommon in beautiful small tufted fomi barely 1 1/2 inches various parts of the colony"; other specimens, collected [38 mm] high, nevertheless with abundant flowers, by A. Cunningham, Bynoe, Milligan, and Gunn were occurs. Here I would L. ciliatum (A. Cunn. also cited. in Cando PI'. vii. 746). A pubescent overall - var. [3 described as smaller, with slender, short, has been collected in the Victorian Ranges. The decumbent branches, the leaves elliptic-ovate, alpine form everywhere we see to have solitary occasionally with long cilia, and the short, few­ flowers and often smaller leaves and tlowers, flowered; based on Gunn 1192, Gunn 1984 and Gunn decumbent stems" [author's translation]. 2048, this variety was illustrated as tabula75A (Hooker 1860); it was round in "Alpine situations, Chilton Hills, Lake St Clair, Surry Hills, sUITlmitofWestem Mountains etc., Gunn - Oct.--Dec.)".
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