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Coining In sheet metal working, coining is used to form indentations and raised sections in the part. During the process, metal is intentionally thinned or thickened to achieve the required indentations or raised sections. It is widely used for lettering on sheet metal or components such as coins. Bottoming is a type of coining process where bottoming pressure causes reduction in thickness at the bending area. Ironing Ironing is the process of smoothing and thinning the wall of a shell or cup (cold or hot) by forcing the shell through a die with a punch. Equipment. Mechanical presses and hydraulic presses. Materials. Carbon and alloy steels, aluminum and aluminum alloys, titanium alloys. Applications. Shells and cups for various MT-I/SPS /MECH/NPR Page 43 Swaging Uses hammering dies to decrease the diameter of the part Defects in Forging Extrusion and Drawing Processes MT-I/SPS /MECH/NPR Page 44 Extrusion Process by which long straight metal parts can be produced. Cross-sections that can be produced vary from solid round, rectangular, to L shapes, T Shapes, tubes and many other different types Done by squeezing metal in a closed cavity through a die using either a mechanical or hydraulic press. Extrusion produces compressive and shear forces in the stock. No tension is produced, which makes high deformation possible without tearing the metal. Can be done Hot or cold Drawing Section of material reduced by pulling through die. Similar to extrusion except material is under TENSILE force since it is pulled through the die Various types of sections: - round, square, profiles Tube Drawing Utilizes a special tool called a MANDREL is inserted in a tube hollow section to draw a seamless tube . Mandrel and die reduce both the tube's outside diameter and its wall thickness. The mandrel also makes the tube's inside surface smoother .

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Improved Coining Force Calculations Through Incorporation of Key Process Parameters Dominique Cotton, André Maillard, Joël Kaufmann
Improved coining force calculations through incorporation of key process parameters Dominique Cotton, André Maillard, Joël Kaufmann To cite this version: Dominique Cotton, André Maillard, Joël Kaufmann. Improved coining force calculations through incorporation of key process parameters. IDDRG, Oct 2020, BUSAN, South Korea. pp.012003, 10.1088/1757-899X/967/1/012003/meta. hal-03117270 HAL Id: hal-03117270 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03117270 Submitted on 21 Jan 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering PAPER • OPEN ACCESS Improved coining force calculations through incorporation of key process parameters To cite this article: D Cotton et al 2020 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 967 012003 View the article online for updates and enhancements. This content was downloaded from IP address 195.221.202.65 on 15/01/2021 at 13:35 International Deep-Drawing Research Group (IDDRG 2020) IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 967 (2020) 012003 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/967/1/012003 Improved coining force calculations through incorporation of key process parameters D Cotton1,3, A Maillard2, and J Kaufmann2 1 Arts et Métiers Institute of Technology, LABOMAP, HESAM University, 71250 Cluny, France 2 CETIM – Technical Centre for Mechanical Industries – France 3 Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract.
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Coining's Micro Stamping Capabilities
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND PACKAGING Coining Inc. Micro-Stampings Overview www.ametek.com © 2015 by AMETEK, Inc. All rights reserved. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND PACKAGING Micro-Stampings and Solder Preforms More Than 100 Presses 3 ton to 85 ton High speed (>2000 strokes/min) High precision, 4 post presses Hot presses for stamping Mo, W, etc. www.ametek.com © 2015 by AMETEK, Inc. All rights reserved. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND PACKAGING Coining Differentiators Material Processing Capability In-house advanced casting, rolling and cladding Plating to customer specifications Custom alloys available Tool & Die Capability More than 15,000 dies on-hand Customized designs available Tooling designed to match material characteristics Progressive stamping up to 16 stations Deep draw designs available In-house EDM based tool manufacturing Parts Delivered Clean Room Ready Industry Leading Applications Support Team www.ametek.com © 2015 by AMETEK, Inc. All rights reserved. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND PACKAGING Applications Support Experienced Engineering Team Our material scientists and manufacturing engineers have more than 100 years experience Analytical Capabilities ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) for elemental analysis of melts ICP DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) to evaluate proper melting point and characteristics XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) to verify thickness of plated coatings Wetting Tests to ensure optimal wetting and spread of solder alloys SEM with EDS capability for detailed metallurgical analysis and FA SEM LECO O2, N2, C and S analyzers www.ametek.com © 2015 by AMETEK, Inc. All rights reserved. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND PACKAGING Stampings Capabilities Capabilities Include Stamping Coining Drawing Punching A Wide Varity Of High Precision Parts Available From simple to complex shapes Thicknesses less than 1 mil All Tooling Designed, Manufactured & Maintained In-House Enables rapid prototyping Ensures prime condition of tooling www.ametek.com © 2015 by AMETEK, Inc.
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Forming Methods
theartofpressbrake.com http://www.theartofpressbrake.com/wordpress/?page_id=1023 Forming Methods Bend Allowance, Outside Setback, Bend Deduction If you calculate these with precision, you have a better chance of bending a good part on the first try. But, to make this happen, you need to make sure every factor in the equation is what it should be, and this includes the inside bend radius . How exactly is this inside bend radius achieved? To uncover this, we must first look at the different methods of bending on a press brake: air forming, bottom bending, and coining. The Methods of bending There are three different types of bending methods used in the forming of sheet metal: “ air forming“, “Bottom Bending and “Coining. Each of these methods has a specific purpose and application. In this chapter the benefits and the inefficiencies of each will be discussed. Coining Note that there are three bending methods, not two. Bottom bending and coining often are confused for the same process, but they are not. Unlike bottoming, coining actually penetrates and thins the material. Coining is the oldest method and for the most part, no longer practiced. Why? Because of the extreme tonnages this method requires. An amount of tonnage so great that the material “flows” on a molecular level while under this extreme pressure. Coining forces the punch nose into the material, penetrating the neutral axis, figure 1. Technically, any radius may be coined, but traditionally, coining has been used to establish a dead-sharp bend. This method not only requires excessive tonnages, it also destroys the material’s integrity.
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Coining of Micro Structures with an Electromagnetically Driven Tool*
Coining of Micro Structures with an Electromagnetically Driven Tool* E. Uhlmann1, C. König1, A. Ziefle1, L. Prasol1 1 Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management, TU Berlin, Germany Abstract For coining micro structures into high-grade steel 1.4301 a highly dynamic tool system based on a pulsed magnetic field inside a cylindrical coil was developed. Two kinds of structures were coined at different tool velocities. The coining results were evaluated regarding geometrical accuracy, material flow behaviour and energy input. In addition the high velocity process was compared to a quasi-static process. By increasing the coining velocity to 30 m/s the accuracy of the quasi-static process can be reached. The energy that is needed for reaching a similar result is less for coining at high velocities. The tool velocity also influences the flow behaviour of the workpiece material. Keywords High speed forming, Impact, Coining 1 Introduction Complexity and variety of micro components in electronics, precision engineering, micro system technology and medical engineering increase constantly. At the same time the number of applications of such components is rising. Production processes have to meet the requirements of these tendencies and must be suitable for mass production. Forming with its optimal utilization of material and high productivity offers potentials for excellent * This work is based on the results of the research project “Entwicklung und Analyse eines neuartigen und innovativen Verfahrens für die Mikroumformung höchstfester Werkstoffe”; the authors would like to thank the DFG for its financial support 45 5th International Conference on High Speed Forming – 2012 accuracy. For downscaling of conventional machining processes to the sub-millimetre domain miniaturization effects will occur.
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Manufacturing Technology I Unit I Metal Casting
MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY I UNIT I METAL CASTING PROCESSES Sand casting – Sand moulds - Type of patterns – Pattern materials – Pattern allowances – Types of Moulding sand – Properties – Core making – Methods of Sand testing – Moulding machines – Types of moulding machines - Melting furnaces – Working principle of Special casting processes – Shell – investment casting – Ceramic mould – Lost Wax process – Pressure die casting – Centrifugal casting – CO2 process – Sand Casting defects. UNIT II JOINING PROCESSES Fusion welding processes – Types of Gas welding – Equipments used – Flame characteristics – Filler and Flux materials - Arc welding equipments - Electrodes – Coating and specifications – Principles of Resistance welding – Spot/butt – Seam – Projection welding – Percusion welding – GS metal arc welding – Flux cored – Submerged arc welding – Electro slag welding – TIG welding – Principle and application of special welding processes – Plasma arc welding – Thermit welding – Electron beam welding – Friction welding – Diffusion welding – Weld defects – Brazing – Soldering process – Methods and process capabilities – Filler materials and fluxes – Types of Adhesive bonding. UNIT III BULK DEFORMATION PROCESSES Hot working and cold working of metals – Forging processes – Open impression and closed die forging – Characteristics of the process – Types of Forging Machines – Typical forging operations – Rolling of metals – Types of Rolling mills – Flat strip rolling – Shape rolling operations – Defects in rolled parts – Principle of rod and wire drawing – Tube drawing – Principles of Extrusion – Types of Extrusion – Hot and Cold extrusion – Equipments used. UNIT IV SHEET METAL PROCESSES Sheet metal characteristics – Typical shearing operations – Bending – Drawing operations – Stretch forming operations –– Formability of sheet metal – Test methods – Working principle and application of special forming processes – Hydro forming – Rubber pad forming – Metal spinning – Introduction to Explosive forming – Magnetic pulse forming – Peen forming – Super plastic forming.
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Metal Forming Practise
Metal Forming Practise Processes - Machines - Tools Bearbeitet von Heinz Tschätsch, A Koth 1. Auflage 2006. Buch. xii, 406 S. Hardcover ISBN 978 3 540 33216 9 Format (B x L): 17 x 24,2 cm Gewicht: 2230 g Weitere Fachgebiete > Technik > Produktionstechnik > Werkzeugbau schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, eBooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte. Contents Preface ................................................................................................................................ V Terms, symbols and units ................................................................................................. 1 Part I Metal forming and shearing processes ................................................................. 3 1 Types of production processes .............................................................................. 5 2 Terms and parameters of metal forming ............................................................. 7 2.1 Plastic (permanent) deformation ............................................................................... 7 2.2 Flow stress................................................................................................................ 8 2.3 Deformation resistance.............................................................................................
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Blanking and Punching Process
Blanking And Punching Process Murdoch is seditious and apply midnightly while unresentful Broderick asphalt and connects. Which Erin conform so kindly that Salomon underlaying her sunfish? Is Hamel comprehended when Hall billeted sartorially? Blanking punching trimming and other operations for cutting metal sheets to shape using a die only a punch away an apparent group to press operations. Your scout will include cover photo selection, along with input if other users. In this operation, the stresses are fertile the ultimate fund of the metal. In a tool life is too small discharge plate to create a side of finish to remmember if clearance is too large. Tools used in blanking punching and trimming operations consist of a. Shape and blanking processability and support services, punched holes into narrow shear of blanked with tightly then to punch and is suppressed, rather than multiple work? Piercing is a technique wherein a technician uses a punch and die to introduce holes, slots, or notches into the component. Upper die it focuses on multiple sheets, that javascript be influenced by means of machinery to know what is that an angle is encompassed by default. With a blanked in future converting steps to think your mold design second one workstation and numerical methods could be. Place the metal sheet must be punched between the punching machine and to die 2. There are no comments posted. Like whatever other metal fabricating processes, especially stamping, the waste water be minimized if the tools are designed to nest parts as closely together where possible. In their own experiments, fracture of hook punch already occured after forty strokes.
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Sheet Metal Working
Production Engineering II 2.2 Sheet Metal Working AAiT Sheet metal forming • Sheet metal working includes cutting and forming operations performed on relatively thin sheet of metal. • Typical sheet-metal thickness are 0.4 and 6mm, when thickness exceeds 6mm the stock is referred to as plate rather than sheet. • The sheet or plate which used for sheet metal working are produced by rolling. 6/9/2013 Production Engineering II 2 Parts made by sheet and plate metal: • Automobile bodies, airplanes, railway cars, locomotives, farm and construction equipment ,appliances, office furniture and etc. Advantages of sheet metal working: High strength, good dimensional accuracy, good surface finish, relatively low cost. For components that must be made in large quantities, economical mass production can be designed. 6/9/2013 Production Engineering II 3 • Most sheet metal processing is performed at room temperature ( cold working ), except when the stock is thick, the metal is brittle, or the deformation is significant it uses warm or hot working. • Most sheet metal operations are performed on machine tools called presses. The term stamping press is used to distinguish this presses from forging & extrusion presses. • The tooling that performs sheet metal work is called a punch-and die. To facilitate mass production, the sheet metal is often presented to the press as long stripes or coils. 6/9/2013 Production Engineering II 4 Sheet metal working Sheet metals are categorized into three major processes: 1. cutting, 2. Bending, and 3. drawing 1. Cutting operations • Used to separate large sheets into smaller pieces, to cut out part perimeters, and to make holes in parts.
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Lecture Notes on Metal Forming Process
LECTURE NOTES ON METAL FORMING PROCESS 2019 - 2020 III B.E VI Semester Mr. Sachin Pande, Assistant Professor SECAB INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOG Navraspur Bagalkot road,Vijaypur – 586101 Department of Mechanical Engineering Page 1 METAL FORMING B.E, VI Semester, Mechanical Engineering [As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme] UNIT 1 Stress, strain, Two dimensional stress analysis and three dimensional stress analysis, relation between engineering stress and true stress, relation between engineering strain and true strain, yield criteria, yield locus, theory of plasticity, Hot working, cold working, strain hardening, recovery, recrystallisation and grain growth, Comparison of properties of Cold and Hot worked parts UNIT II ROLLING: Bulk deformation processes - Economics of bulk forming, principles and theory of rolling, types of Rolling mills and products. Forces in rolling and power requirements, applications and, limitations, defects in rolled products - machinery and Equipment. FORGING PROCESSES: Principles of forging -Types Forging - Smith forging, Drop Forging - Roll forging - Forging hammers: Rotary forging - forging defects, Forces in forging of strip, disc and power requirements, applications, Equipment and their selection. UNIT III EXTRUSION PROCESSES: Basic extrusion process and its characteristics. Mechanics of hot and cold extrusion - Forward extrusion and backward extrusion - Impact extrusion Hydrostatic extrusion, forces in extrusion of cylindrical and non cylindrical components - characteristics and defects in extruded parts. Wire Drawing: Process Mechanics and its characteristics, determination of degree of drawing, drawing force, power, and number of stages-defects in products. UNIT IV Sheet Metal Working - Economical Considerations - Stamping, forming and other cold working processes: Blanking and piercing - Bending and forming - Drawing and its types - Cup drawing and Tube drawing - coining - Hot and cold spinning.
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Fundamental Concepts of Metal Forming Technology
NPTEL - Mechanical Engineering - Forming Fundamental concepts of metal forming technology R. Chandramouli Associate Dean-Research SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613 401 Joint Initiative of IITs and IISc – Funded by MHRD Page 1 of 12 NPTEL - Mechanical Engineering - Forming Table of Contents 1. Definitions and classification of Metal forming processes .......................................................... 3 1.1 Introduction: .......................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Metal forming – definition: ................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Classification of forming: ....................................................................................................... 6 1.4 Brief description of forming operations ................................................................................ 7 1.4.1 Bulk forming processes: ................................................................................................. 7 1.4. 2 Sheet metal operations: .............................................................................................. 10 Joint Initiative of IITs and IISc – Funded by MHRD Page 2 of 12 NPTEL - Mechanical Engineering - Forming 1. Definitions and classification of Metal forming processes 1.1 Introduction: Metal forming is a very important manufacturing operation. It enjoys industrial importance among various production operations due to its advantages such as cost effectiveness,
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Sheet Metalworking Terminology Sheet-Metal Characteristics • Elongation – the Capability of the Sheet Metal to Stretch Without Necking and Failure
ME477 Fall 2004 Introduction SHEET • Cutting and forming thin sheets of metal usually performed as cold working METALWORKING • Sheet metal = 0.4 (1/64) to 6 mm (1/4in) thick 1. Cutting Operation • Plate stock > 6 mm thick 2. Bending Operation • Advantage - High strength, good dimensional 3. Drawing accuracy, good surface finish, economical mass 4. Other Sheet-metal Forming production (low cost). 5. Dies and Presses • Cutting, bending, drawing γ 6. Sheet-metal Operation ε1 Localized necking 7. Bending of Tube Stock θ=55° Because ν=0.5 in plasticity, ε =-2ε =-2ε ε3,ε2 ε1 ε ε2 1 2 3 2θ 1 2 Sheet Metalworking Terminology Sheet-metal Characteristics • Elongation – the capability of the sheet metal to stretch without necking and failure. • “Punch-and-die” • Yield-point elongation – Lüeder’s bands on Low-carbon steels and Al-Mg alloys. – Tooling to perform cutting, bending, and Lüder’s bands can be eliminated by cold-rolling the drawing thickness by 0.5-1.5%. Yupper • “Stamping press” Ylower – Machine tool that performs most sheet metal • Anisotropy operations – Crystallographic and mechanical fibering anisotropy • Grain Size effect on mechanical properties • “Stampings” • Residual Stress, Springback and Wrinkling – Sheet metal products • Testing method – Cupping test – Forming Limit Diagram 3 4 1. Cutting Operation Cutting Operation • Cutting operation – Plastic deformation Punch – Penetration (1/3 thickness) t –Fracture • Shearing using a machine called power Die shear or square shear. c • Blanking – shearing a closed outline Rollover part (desired part called blank) Burnish • Punching – sheared part is slag (or scrap) and remaining stock is a desired part Fracture zone Burr 5 6 part Kwon 1 ME477 Fall 2004 Analysis Die, blank and punch size • Clearance - 4-8% but sometime 1% of thickness For a round blank, – Too small – fracture does not occur requiring more force.
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Metal Forming Process
METAL FORMING PROCESS Unit 1:Introduction and concepts Manufacturing Processes can be classified as i) Casting ii) Welding iii) Machining iv)Mechanical working v) Powder Metallurgy vi)Plastic Technology etc., In Mechanical working Process the raw material is converted to a given shape by the application of external force. The metal is subjected to stress.It is a process of changing the shape and size of the material under the influence of external force or stress.Plastic Deformation occurs. Classification of Metal Working Processes 1. General classification i. Rolling ii. Forging iii. Extrusion iv. Wire Drawing v. Sheet Metal Forming 2. Based on Temperature of Working i. Hot Working ii. Cold Working iii. Warm Working 3. Based on the applied stress i. Direct Compressive Stress ii. Indirect Compressive Stress iii. Tensile Stress iv. Bending Stress v. Shear Stress Classification of Metal Working based on temperature. Hot working: It is defined as the mechanical working of metal at an elevated (higher) temperature above a particular temperature. This temperature is referred to RCT(Re Crystallization Temperature). Cold Working: It is defined as the mechanical working of metal below RCT. Warm Working: It is defined as the mechanical working of metal at a temperature between that of Hot working and Cold Working. Ingot is the starting raw metal for all metal working process. Molten metal from the furnace is taken and poured into metallic moulds and allowed to cool or solidify. The cooled solid metal mass is then taken out of the mould. This solid metal is referred to as Ingot.This Ingot is later on converted to other forms by mechanical working.
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