Development of Level D Hazmat Shirt Designs for Covid-19 Pandemic Medical Personnel

Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Science, Technology, Art and Humanities (IJCSTAH 2020)

Inty Nahari 1*, Deny Arifiana 2, Sri Dwiyanti 3, Irma Russanti 4, Mein Kharnolis5

1,2,3,4,5 Department of Home Economics Universitas Negeri Surabaya Surabaya, Indonesia

ABSTRACT The presence of COVID-19 uncertain of impact on learning activities, including the State Vocational School in

Indonesia, to prevent the spread-impact of COVID-19, and learning remains effective one of them is doing distance learning. The problem is that not all teachers can do learning online, including applying m-learning. This study aims to analyze the differences and increase the: 1) ability of teachers to prepare and organize materials-media learning to m-learning, 2) ability of teachers to utilize m-learning for learning, 3) ability of teachers to implement m-learning, after the teacher participated in the training and implementation of m- learning. The research method uses a quantitative approach to the method of quasi-experimental. The sample of 40 High School Vocational Teachers 7 in Surabaya, the determination using the technique of stratified random sampling. The technique of data analysis using t-test and test gain. The results of the research shows there is: 1) A difference and increase significantly the ability of teachers to develop and organize teaching materials-media to m-learning, from the average of 45.00 to be 78.50; 2) A difference and increase significant in the ability of teachers to use m-learning to learning, from 40 to 75.50; 3) A difference significantly and increase in the ability of teachers to implement m-learning, from the average of 35.60 to 72.10. The results of this study can be used as the development of science, policy reference in improving the ability of teachers of vocational high schools in implementing a distance-learning.

Keywords: raining, increase, ability, m-learning, COVID-19

Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Science, Technology, Art and Humanities (IJCSTAH 2020)

1. INTRODUCTION The Coronavirus pandemic 2019-2020 or known as the Covid-19 pandemic is an event that the 2019 coronavirus disease spreads around the world. As of 23 April 2020, more than 2,000,000 cases of Covid-19 have been reported in more than 210 countries and territories, resulting in more than 195,755 people dying and more than 781,109 people recovered[5]. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is thought to be spread between people mainly through respiratory droplets produced during coughing. These splashes can also result from sneezing and normal breathing. In addition, the virus can spread by touching contaminated surfaces and then touching someone's face [6]. One of the groups most vulnerable to being infected with the corona virus is medical personnel in hospitals, including doctors and nurses. This is because they have to come in direct contact with patients infected with the corona virus. Given the very high risk, medical personnel apply certain procedures, protocols and use of personal protective equipment to prevent transmission of the corona virus. Medical personnel are required to wear disposable PPE which includes special protective clothing, gloves, masks and eye protection. This protective equipment can only be used Fig.1. Hazmat Suit Level D[4] once, so medical personnel must remove and throw it away The standard rules for wearing hazmat suits refer to the after leaving the treatment room or contacting patients. 1991 NFPA certification which is the hazmat standard in the The special protective clothing worn by medical United States and Canada. The standard hazmat suit is personnel in handling Covid-19 is known as the Hazmat divided into: level A, B, C, and D. Hazmat suit level A is Suit. Hazmat suits are used to protect the body from harmful used as protection against steam, gas, fog and particles. free particles. This hazmat suit is used over normal clothes Level B is used to withstand chemicals that are equipped that are worn tightly and there are no gaps in the wrists, with gloves and boots, but not airtight. Level C is used by legs, neck and waist. According to Dr. Daeng M Faqih medical personnel who must decontaminate the patient with (Chairperson of the Executive Board of the Indonesian additional equipment such as water purifying respirators, Doctors Association), the materials used as hazardous while Level D, hazmat in the form of a coat or robe that materials must comply with WHO and Ministry of Health does not protect the user from chemical exposure. But they standards. namely from polyethylene so that it cannot be must still use footwear and face shields that can protect penetrated by viruses. against these materials. Apart from medical personnel who treat patients infected Based on interviews with several doctor friends in with Covid-19, it is also necessary to pay attention to Sidoarjo, hazmat suits used by non-Covid-19 medical medical personnel who treat other patients. A lot of attention personnel are like surgical suits or robes. Referring to the is focused on the use of hazmat suits for medical personnel results of interviews and the standard rules of the NFPA who treat patients infected with the Covid-19 virus, other 1991, the hazmat suit that is suitable for use by non-Covid- patient medical personnel receive less attention in using the 19 medical personnel is level D. amid the Covid-19 hamsuit suit, even though they are also prone to infection pandemic. Hazmat suits can be designed according to the with the virus. Based on these problems, the researchers tried safety and comfort of medical personnel with an attractive to develop a hazmat suit design that is suitable for use by shape, so as to reduce the psychological burden on medical other patient medical personnel (non-Covid-19) that is safe personnel and patients being treated. Referring to this and comfortable according to standard rules. problem, researchers tried to develop a level D hazmat suit design for medical personnel with the principles of safety and work comfort in the midst of the Covid-19 outbreak with the title "Development of Level D Hazmat Shirt Design for Covid-19 Pandemic Medical Personnel"

Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Science, Technology, Art and Humanities (IJCSTAH 2020)

2. METHOD black. Black is used on the left half of the jumpsuits and red is used on the other half. The research method used in this research is the method of creating artwork, which includes several stages, namely the preparation stage including ideas, needs analysis, stimulation, tools and materials, and the creation process including the hazmat suit design stage, the prototype making stage, the trial stage, and the completion stage. The description of the flow of the research method can be described as follows:

Pre Idea Fig.3. Development of 1 Level D Hazmat Shirt Design

Internal Idea External B. Design Development 2 Design 2 development consists of 3 colors, namely black, Tosca, and peach. Model A uses black predominance. Contemplation The yellow color is used on the cape, the upper front cleft, and the cut on the arms. Meanwhile, Tosca color is used as a detail on the sleeve. Model B uses a predominance of peach Stimulation color. The black color is used on the cape, back, and cut arms. Tosca color is used on the front of the pants to below the chest, as well as cape details. Model C uses black on the half of the jumpsuit from the back to the cape and the right Work Process front arm to the chest and collar. For peach color it is used on the front of the body to the back half of the body. Model C uses Tosca color dominance. The black color is used on Work Artwork Appreciation the back, the front of the jumpsuit and cape, and the cuffs. Sketch of Work Meanwhile, yellow is used as a hemisphere. Fig.2. Flow of Research Methods

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Based on a field survey of the shape and color of level D hazmat suits, which are mostly operational suits with a cape equipped with trousers, wearing separate headgear with plain colors, a level D hazmat model is developed with a jumpsuits form with a black color combination, orange, tosca, peach, and yellow. The name of the medical officer is located on the front of the right and the name of the hospital Fig.4. Development of 2 Level D Hazmat Shirt Designs is on the back. C. Design Development 3 A. Design Development 1 Design 3 development uses black, Tosca and yellow. Development Design 1 is a combination of black and Model A and B are a combination of black and Tosca. orange with a jumpsuits shape. In model A, the jumpsuits Model C color combination of black and yellow. uses a predominance of orange. The black color is used on Meanwhile, Model D combines Tosca and yellow colors. the collars, front slit and tuber, and the sleeves on the bottom. The black color in Model B is used on the pants, cape and shoulders. Meanwhile, the red color is used for the collar, body, waist, and lower arms. Model C uses black predominance. The red color is only used for half of the cape, collar, half of the upper shoulder, and the lower half of the right arm. Model D uses a combination of orange and

Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Science, Technology, Art and Humanities (IJCSTAH 2020)

Fig.5. Development of 3 Level D Hazmat Shirt Designs

4. DISCUSSION Fig.7. Appreciation Diagram for Design Development 2 Based on the aesthetic assessment of the development of the shape and color of the hazmat suit level D design C. Appreciation for Design Development 3 according to safety and comfort by 20 medical personnel, 5 The aesthetic assessment of the development of the designers, 5 artists, and 20 the general public, the following design of 3 level D hazmat suits according to the safety and results were obtained: comfort used for medical personnel showed that 13 people appreciated Model A, 11 each appreciated Model B and D, A. Appreciation for Design Development 1 and 15 people appreciated Model C. The aesthetic assessment of the development of Design 1 hazmat suit level D according to the safety and comfort used for medical personnel, the results were 18 people appreciated Model A, 30 people appreciated Model B, and 1 person each appreciated Model C and D.

Fig.8. Appreciation Diagram for Design Development 3 5. CONCLUSION

Based on the safety, comfort and aesthetics of Level D Fig.6. Appreciation diagram for design development 1 Hazmat Clothing in Development 1 Model B, Development 2 Model D, and Development 3 in Model C, it received appreciation from medical personnel, designers, artists and B. Appreciation for Design Development 2 the public. Aesthetic assessment of the development of Design 2 hazmat suits level D according to the safety and comfort 6. SUGGESTION used for medical personnel, the results were 12 people In addition to paying attention to safety and comfort, appreciated Model A, 7 each appreciated Model B and C, wearing hazmat suits must also pay attention to the shape and 24 people appreciated Model D. and color, so that psychologically it can provide encouragement and motivation to medical personnel and patients.

Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Science, Technology, Art and Humanities (IJCSTAH 2020)

A. REFERENCES [1] Nishizawa, Y., Aizu, K., Kudo, K., Takase, S., Tsuchiya, R., Noto, Y., Kitamiya, C. dan Hosokawa, Y. 2018. Impressions of Hazmat Suits Based on Color. Open Journal of Nursing, 8, 879- 888. [2] Triyanto.2012. Medesain Aksesoris Busana. Sleman: PT. Intan Sejati Klaten. [3] World Health Organization. 2016. Personal Protective Equipment for Use in a Filovirus Disease Outbreak: Rapid Advice Guideline. Spain: WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data. [4] Yeung, RSD. Chan, JTS. Lee, LLY. and Chan, YL. 2002. The Use of Personal Protective Equipment in Hazmat Incidents. Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 9(3) Juli 2002. [5] Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases". Johns Hopkins University.. Diakses tanggal 27 April 2020. [6] Getting your workplace ready for COVID- 19" (PDF). World Health Organization. Diakses Tanggal 27 April 2020.

Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Science, Technology, Art and Humanities (IJCSTAH 2020)