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Foreign Terrorist Organizations
Order Code RL32223 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Foreign Terrorist Organizations February 6, 2004 Audrey Kurth Cronin Specialist in Terrorism Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Huda Aden, Adam Frost, and Benjamin Jones Research Associates Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Foreign Terrorist Organizations Summary This report analyzes the status of many of the major foreign terrorist organizations that are a threat to the United States, placing special emphasis on issues of potential concern to Congress. The terrorist organizations included are those designated and listed by the Secretary of State as “Foreign Terrorist Organizations.” (For analysis of the operation and effectiveness of this list overall, see also The ‘FTO List’ and Congress: Sanctioning Designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations, CRS Report RL32120.) The designated terrorist groups described in this report are: Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade Armed Islamic Group (GIA) ‘Asbat al-Ansar Aum Supreme Truth (Aum) Aum Shinrikyo, Aleph Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) Communist Party of Philippines/New People’s Army (CPP/NPA) Al-Gama’a al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group, IG) HAMAS (Islamic Resistance Movement) Harakat ul-Mujahidin (HUM) Hizballah (Party of God) Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM) Jemaah Islamiya (JI) Al-Jihad (Egyptian Islamic Jihad) Kahane Chai (Kach) Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK, KADEK) Lashkar-e-Tayyiba -
Precipitating the Decline of Terrorist Groups : a Systems Analysis
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 1994-03 Precipitating the decline of terrorist groups : a systems analysis DeGhetto, Todd H. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/30893 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS PRECIPITATING THE DECLINE OF TERRORIST GROUPS: A SYSTEMS ANALYS!S by Todd H. DeGhctto March, 1994 Thesis Advisor JamcsJ. Wirtz Approve<J for public release, distribution IS unlimited The s~s D2111ill DUDLEY KNOX LlBRPRY NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOl MONTEREY CA 93943-5101 Unclassified SecuntyCl ..l!ifiClllionoflhis~ REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Is Report SecurityCI ..sificBlIon: Unclassified lbReslricli""MBI'klI\g!i 2aScaonlYCJMSlfic:ationAuibority 3 Di5lributioofAvailabilityofRepon lbDecl8SSlfi""lioniDowngraililgScbcdule Approved fur public release~ distribution is l-.llimited. 4 Pemnning Olpnizalioo Report Number(.) SMOIIi1oring0rpnizllionReponNumber(s) 6aN..-acofPerfunningOrilaniution 7a NlIIDe of Moniloriog OrgaDlzation Naval Postgraduate School Naval PostgradUIltl: School 6cAddress(cil)l.&/ak.andZlPcodI) 1bAddress(city._e. tmdZIP cotk) Monterey CA 93943-5000 MontereyCA93943-SOOO Addresslcily.SI<W.Qtt(iZlP~ WSourceofFuDdlngNumbcr.l Program Eli:ment No ProjecL No Task No Work Unit Accession No 11 Tille (incl'" ~ily cltu.ljkmklll) PRECIPITATING mE DECLINE OF TERRORIST GROUPS: A SYSTEMS ANALYSIS 12 PClllOlloi Autboti') Todd H. DeGbetto 16 SupplemCOlory Notation The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position 0 the Depanment of Defense or the U.s. Government. 18Sub;1ea. TQm$ (com", ... "" !f""<UJaryundidcmi/Yl!I'bI<>ct""",btI,) Subgroup Terror ... a System.. Red Bripdos. FLQ. Critical EmIr, DcI"IIilimi.:B1lon. MeI'l:lIIial Success. Burnout. 19Abs1f11C1(contI""""" ",i/""""'_""'whybl<>d""""-J This thesis shows how a government actor can use systems theory to hasten the deeline of a terrorist group. -
Though Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)
Volume X, Issue 14 uJuly 12, 2012 IN THIS ISSUE: briefs...............................................................................................................1 Crisis in Greece: Anarchists in the Birthplace of Democracy By George papadopoulos .....................................................................................4 From Pakistan to Yemen: Adapting the U.S. Drone Strategy Amir Mokhtar Belmokhtar By Brian Glyn Williams ........................................................................................7 Holier Than Thou: Rival Clerics in the Syrian Jihad By Aron Lund .........................................................................................................9 Terrorism Monitor is a publication of The Jamestown Foundation. The Terrorism Monitor is designed to be read by policy- makers and other specialists yet WAS AL-QAEDA’S SAHARAN AMIR MOKHTAR BELMOKHTAR KILLED IN THE be accessible to the general public. BATTLE FOR GAO? The opinions expressed within are solely those of the authors and do Though al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) continues to deny the death of one not necessarily reflect those of of its leading amirs in the late June battle for the northern Malian city of Gao, the The Jamestown Foundation. movement has yet to provide any evidence of the survival of Mokhtar Belmokhtar (a.k.a. Khalid Abu al-Abbas), the amir of AQIM’s Sahara/Sahel-based al-Mulathamin Unauthorized reproduction Brigade. [1] or redistribution of this or any Jamestown publication is strictly Belmokhtar and his AQIM fighters -
Patterns of Global Terrorism 1999
U.S. Department of State, April 2000 Introduction The US Government continues its commitment to use all tools necessary—including international diplomacy, law enforcement, intelligence collection and sharing, and military force—to counter current terrorist threats and hold terrorists accountable for past actions. Terrorists seek refuge in “swamps” where government control is weak or governments are sympathetic. We seek to drain these swamps. Through international and domestic legislation and strengthened law enforcement, the United States seeks to limit the room in which terrorists can move, plan, raise funds, and operate. Our goal is to eliminate terrorist safehavens, dry up their sources of revenue, break up their cells, disrupt their movements, and criminalize their behavior. We work closely with other countries to increase international political will to limit all aspects of terrorists’ efforts. US counterterrorist policies are tailored to combat what we believe to be the shifting trends in terrorism. One trend is the shift from well-organized, localized groups supported by state sponsors to loosely organized, international networks of terrorists. Such a network supported the failed attempt to smuggle explosives material and detonating devices into Seattle in December. With the decrease of state funding, these loosely networked individuals and groups have turned increasingly to other sources of funding, including private sponsorship, narcotrafficking, crime, and illegal trade. This shift parallels a change from primarily politically motivated terrorism to terrorism that is more religiously or ideologically motivated. Another trend is the shift eastward of the locus of terrorism from the Middle East to South Asia, specifically Afghanistan. As most Middle Eastern governments have strengthened their counterterrorist response, terrorists and their organizations have sought safehaven in areas where they can operate with impunity. -
The Evolution of Terrorism in Greece from 1975 to 2009
Research Paper No. 158 Georgia Chantzi (Associate in the International Centre for Black Sea Studies, ICBSS) THE EVOLUTION OF TERRORISM IN GREECE FROM 1975 TO 2009 Copyright: University of Coventry, (Dissertation in the Humanities and Social Science), UK. PS. Mrs. Georgia Chantzi permitted RIEAS to publish her Research Thesis (MA). RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN STUDIES (RIEAS) # 1, Kalavryton Street, Alimos, Athens, 17456, Greece RIEAS URL:http://www.rieas.gr 1 RIEAS MISSION STATEMENT Objective The objective of the Research Institute for European and American Studies (RIEAS) is to promote the understanding of international affairs. Special attention is devoted to transatlantic relations, intelligence studies and terrorism, European integration, international security, Balkan and Mediterranean studies, Russian foreign policy as well as policy making on national and international markets. Activities The Research Institute for European and American Studies seeks to achieve this objective through research, by publishing its research papers on international politics and intelligence studies, organizing seminars, as well as providing analyses via its web site. The Institute maintains a library and documentation center. RIEAS is an institute with an international focus. Young analysts, journalists, military personnel as well as academicians are frequently invited to give lectures and to take part in seminars. RIEAS maintains regular contact with other major research institutes throughout Europe and the United States and, together with similar institutes in Western Europe, Middle East, Russia and Southeast Asia. Status The Research Institute for European and American Studies is a non-profit research institute established under Greek law. RIEAS‟s budget is generated by membership subscriptions, donations from individuals and foundations, as well as from various research projects. -
Case 1:15-Cv-00514-BAH Document 12 Filed 10/31/16 Page 1 of 35
Case 1:15-cv-00514-BAH Document 12 Filed 10/31/16 Page 1 of 35 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ) ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) ) v. ) ) ) KHALED ELSAYED MOHAMMAD ) Civil Action No. 1:15-cv-514 ABO AL DAHAB a.k.a. KHALED ) ELSAYED MOHAMMAD-ABO ) ALDAHAB a.k.a. KHALED ELSAYED ) ) ALI MOHAMMAD a.k.a. KHALED ) ELSAYED MOHAMED a.k.a. KHALED ) E. MOHAMED a.k.a. KHALED ) ) MOHAMED, ) ) ) Defendant. MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT COMES NOW, the United States of America, pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56, and hereby moves this Court for an order granting summary judgment in its favor. The record in this case shows that no genuine issue of material fact exists as to whether this Court should revoke and set aside the order admitting Defendant to citizenship and cancel his certificate of naturalization. Accordingly, the Government is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. In support of this motion, the Government respectfully refers the Court to the accompanying memorandum of points and authorities and to the accompanying statement of material facts as to which there is no genuine issue. A draft order reflecting the requested relief is also attached. - 1 Case 1:15-cv-00514-BAH Document 12 Filed 10/31/16 Page 2 of 35 Date: October 31, 2016 Respectfully submitted, BENJAMIN C. MIZER Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General WILLIAM C. PEACHEY Director, District Court Section Office of Immigration Litigation s/ Christopher W. Dempsey CHRISTOPHER W. DEMPSEY Assistant Director United States Department of Justice Office of Immigration Litigation District Court Section P.O. -
El-Beblawi Meets Party Heads
AILY EWS MONDAY, AUGUST 5, 2013 N D ISSUE NO. 2249 NEWSTAND PRICE LE 4.00 EGYPT www.thedailynewsegypt.com Egypt’s Only Daily Independent Newspaper In English MEDIA WAR NO FLY ZONE VEG OUT Arrests follow Media City clashes EgyptAir is waiting for cabinet Veggie Fest provides music with a near 6 October approval to built Aero City vegetarian iftar 2 7 8 El-Beblawi meets party heads Hassan Mustafa AL-NOUR PARTY CONDEMNS MEETING released Court orders the release of Alexandrian political activist By Basil El-Dabh Adaweya and Nahda Square. the government and the release of method that lacks transparency,” The parties also discussed “bad political detainees as part of tran- said Taha in a statement in response after six months in jail Interim Prime Minister Hazem El- financial conditions with regards to sitional justice and an “economic to the absence of Islamist parties Beblawi met party heads and lead- economic and social justice,” ac- package to meet the urgent needs in the meeting. He condemned the ers of the National Salvation Front cording to Aboul Ghar. of citizens.” government’s “dealing with political on Saturday evening to discuss the Founder of Al-Tayar Al-Shaaby Topics including security issues parties according to political and ongoing political crisis. and former presidential candidate in Sinai, social and economic initia- ideological vision,” warning that Chairman of the Egyptian Social Hamdeen Sabahy recommended a tives, and upcoming parliamentary such practices would lead to more Democratic Party Mohamed Aboul “security blockade” around the sit- and presidential elections were dis- polarisation and tension in the Ghar said the politicians discussed ins at Rabaa Al-Adaweya and Nahda cussed during the meeting. -
Conversations with Francesco Cossiga
Bulletin of Italian Politics Vol. 2, No. 2, 2010, 141-162 Conversations with Francesco Cossiga Alison Jamieson The article is an extract from five exclusive interviews, recorded over several months in 2009, with former Italian president, Francesco Cossiga, who died on 17 August 2010. Born in 1928 in Sardinia, Cossiga was a life Senator in the Italian parliament, to which he was first elected for the Christian Democratic Party in 1958. His second cousin, Enrico Berlinguer, was secretary of the Italian Communist party from 1972 until his death in 1984. Cossiga held the offices of interior minister, prime minister, speaker of the Senate and president of the republic. He resigned as interior minister on 9 May 1978 after the murder of Aldo Moro, but returned as prime minister from August 1979 till October 1980. Considered a specialist in the areas of intelligence and security, Cossiga was proud of his association with the secret Stay Behind network known as Gladio, and took credit for setting up Italy’s anti-terrorist rapid response units. Church and State The first of five recorded conversations with President Cossiga occurred on the thirty-fifth anniversary of the divorce referendum. I began by asking him about the political significance of the vote, which had returned a large majority in favour of retaining divorce. The victories of the Christian Democratic party in 1947 and 1948 were erroneously seen as those of the Catholic Church and of Catholicism. The victories were due to a more complex series of factors: many non-believers voted DC, most Italian Jews voted DC while the others voted for the Republican Party. -
Explaining Greece's Revolutionary Organization 17 November
Document generated on 09/29/2021 2:51 a.m. Journal of Conflict Studies For a Place in History: Explaining Greece’s Revolutionary Organization 17 November George Kassimeris Volume 27, Number 2, Winter 2007 Article abstract The Revolutionary Organization 17 November (17N) conducted terrorist attacks URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/jcs27_2art09 in Greece for 27 years (1975-2002), making it the most durable of the militant Leftist revolutionary groups that emerged from the European radical milieu of See table of contents the 1970s. 17N went to great lengths in its communiqués – and eventually in trial testimony – to position itself as the only authentic, progressive political force in post-Junta Greece. In spite of the absence of any demonstrable mass political Publisher(s) constituency, 17N’s leaders convinced themselves that they represented the vanguard of political change in the country. But 17N was never an authentic The University of New Brunswick revolutionary group. Instead, it was a clandestine band of disillusioned armed militants with a flair for revolutionary rhetoric and symbolism for whom ISSN terrorism had become a way of life: a career. Its members lived in a closed, self-referential world where terrorism became a way of life from which it was 1198-8614 (print) impossible to walk away or to confront reality. Feeling themselves to be a 1715-5673 (digital) genuine instrument of history, 17N leaders believed that it did not matter that there could never be a military victory as long as 17N, ‘intervened’ and ‘resisted.’ Explore this journal For their operational leader, Dimitris Koufodinas, and many of his comrades what was important was the act of ‘resistance’ itself and the notion that blood and death, even one’s own, would carry the mission forward, ultimately securing Cite this article 17N a place in history. -
The Politics of the Militant Tendency
18 August 1982 Marxism Today Witch-hunts are the last thing the Labour Party needs: yet the politics of Militant are a blind alley for the Left. John Callaghan The Politics of the Militant Tendency The recent decision by the Labour Party open debate. If the ideology and political Socialist Fight was replaced by The Militant National Executive Committee to establish practice of the Militant Tendency are char in 1963; but, more fundamentally, from a register of organised groups within the acterised by major shortcomings they will being an integrated group of entrists in ranks of the party is generally acknowledged not be any less significant merely because 1955, the Revolutionary Socialist League to be a move against the Militant Tendency. the Labour Right draws attention to them gradually gave way to the much looser form It is possible that this decision may, by Sep while the Left remains silent. which is today's Militant Tendency. This tember, result in the expulsion of leading consists of a small centralised leadership figures from the group. The Labour Party Origins and nature echelon around Ted Grant, who control and has on many previous occasions taken such of the Militant Tendency1 own The Militant, supported by the bulk of repressive action against dissident — espe The Militant Tendency originated with a the Labour Party Young Socialist organ- cially Marxist — factions within the party tiny group of Trotskyists led by Ted Grant. istion and those who are prepared to sell the and its youth section. But the extraordinary From the mid-50s this group — known as newspaper in the parent organisation. -
Issue 5 Working-Proof.P65
Autonomous Chaos-Strategy CONTENTS: (4) International Resistance News (11) The Bombs (1915) from ‘Carteles I’ (13) Report from the Autonomous Spaces Gathering, Dijon, France (19) Towards a Warm 2008 (19) Anti-G8 2007 : Report (28) Letter of Gabriel Pombo da Silva (29) Prison Revolt in Belgium (32) Against the Leaders from ‘Carteles I’ (33) Interview with Christian S, Anti-Fascist in Prison "Things have changed since 2005, we have (34) Running away from the Prison Society from ‘Incognito’ crossed a red line. When these kids aim their (36) Letter of Christina Tonidou guns at police officers, they want to kill them. They are no longer afraid to shoot a (37) Interview with Anonymous Anarchist from Bialystok, Poland policeman. We are only on the second day (42) Perspective of a Black Bloc Participant: “Atlantica” Riot since the accident and already they are shooting guns at the police." (43) Letter from Giorgos Voutsis-Vogiatzis Joachim Masanet, secretary general of the French (45) Anti-Colonial Struggle in Kanada UNSA police trade union. (50) Letter from Artur Konowalik (52) Stunning Like Marrasi in Flames (54) 10 Years in Jail - or in a Cave by Thomas Meyer-Falk ISSUE #5 > > (55) MG (Militant Group) : A Chronology Printed by the Anti-Copyright Network (57) Repression & Reports (64) Distro [email protected] #5 / 325collective.com laid to rest. Anarchism has always been antagonistic to organised exploitation and will remain so This magazine is an infrequent DIY printed inclined. It is not for nothing that project of incendiary texts & images, Copenhagen’s Chief of Police involving the collaboration of a small network of anarchists and anti-capitalists spread despaired of the ‘autonomous chaos- across Europe and the World. -
Explaining Greece's Revolutionary Organization 17 November
Kassimeris 5/13/09 6:54 PM Page 129 The Journal of Conflict Studies For a Place in History: Explaining Greece’s Revolutionary Organization 17 November by George Kassimeris ABSTRACT The Revolutionary Organization 17 November (17N) conducted ter- rorist attacks in Greece for 27 years (1975-2002), making it the most durable of the militant Leftist revolutionary groups that emerged from the European radical milieu of the 1970s. 17N went to great lengths in its communiqués — and eventually in trial testimony — to position itself as the only authentic, progressive political force in post-Junta Greece. In spite of the absence of any demonstrable mass political constituency, 17N’s leaders convinced themselves that they represented the vanguard of political change in the country. But 17N was never an authentic revolutionary group. Instead, it was a clan- destine band of disillusioned armed militants with a flair for revolu- tionary rhetoric and symbolism for whom terrorism had become a way of life: a career. Its members lived in a closed, self-referential world where terrorism became a way of life from which it was impos- sible to walk away or to confront reality. Feeling themselves to be a genuine instrument of history, 17N leaders believed that it did not matter that there could never be a military victory as long as 17N, ‘intervened’ and ‘resisted.’ For their operational leader, Dimitris Koufodinas, and many of his comrades what was important was the act of ‘resistance’ itself and the notion that blood and death, even one’s own, would carry the mission forward, ultimately securing 17N a place in history.