DOCSLIB.ORG

Hazard Mitigation Plan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hazard Mitigation Plan DRAFT Town of Shutesbury Hazard Mitigation Plan Adopted by the Shutesbury Select Board on , 2021 Approved by FEMA on , 2021 Prepared by Shutesbury Hazard Mitigation Committee and Franklin Regional Council of Governments 12 Olive Street, Suite 2 Greenfield, MA 01301 (413) 774-3167 www.frcog.org This project was funded by grants received from the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency (MEMA) and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Acknowledgements The Shutesbury Select Board extends special thanks to the Shutesbury Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee as follows: XX The Shutesbury Select Board offers thanks to the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency (MEMA) for developing the 2018 Massachusetts Hazard Mitigation and Climate Adaptation Plan which served as a resource for this plan and to staff for reviewing and commenting on the draft plan and to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for making the funds available and for the development of the Local Mitigation Planning Handbook, which provides a thorough overview of the Mitigation Planning process. Franklin Regional Council of Governments Peggy Sloan, Director of Planning & Development Kimberly Noake MacPhee, Land Use & Natural Resources Program Manager Tamsin Flanders, Land Use & Natural Resources Planner Ryan Clary, Senior GIS Specialist Cover photo of damage during the December 2008 ice storm courtesy of the Town of Shutesbury. Town of Shutesbury Hazard Mitigation Plan i Contents 1 PLANNING PROCESS .............................................................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 1 HAZARD MITIGATION COMMITTEE ..................................................................................................... 1 PARTICIPATION BY STAKEHOLDERS ..................................................................................................... 3 2 LOCAL PROFILE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ............................................................................................ 6 COMMUNITY SETTING ......................................................................................................................... 6 IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ......................................................................................................... 16 3 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT .............................................................................. 22 NATURAL HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY .................................................................... 24 FLOODING.......................................................................................................................................... 28 SEVERE SNOWSTORMS / ICE STORMS .............................................................................................. 55 HURRICANES / TROPICAL STORMS .................................................................................................... 69 SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS / WIND / MICROBURSTS ........................................................................ 80 TORNADOES ...................................................................................................................................... 93 WILDFIRE ......................................................................................................................................... 105 EARTHQUAKES ................................................................................................................................. 121 DAM FAILURE .................................................................................................................................. 133 DROUGHT ........................................................................................................................................ 139 LANDSLIDES ..................................................................................................................................... 148 EXTREME TEMPERATURES .............................................................................................................. 155 INVASIVE SPECIES ............................................................................................................................ 175 OTHER HAZARDS ............................................................................................................................. 192 3.14.1 VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES ............................................................................................................... 192 3.14.2 HUMAN MADE HAZARDS ................................................................................................................ 204 4 MITIGATION CAPABILITIES & STRATEGIES ......................................................................................... 211 NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS FOR HAZARD MITIGATION & CLIMATE RESILIENCY ........................... 211 EXISTING AUTHORITIES POLICIES, PROGRAMS, & RESOURCES ....................................................... 212 HAZARD MITIGATION GOAL STATEMENTS AND ACTION PLAN....................................................... 228 5 PLAN ADOPTION AND MAINTENANCE .............................................................................................. 244 PLAN ADOPTION .............................................................................................................................. 244 PLAN MAINTENANCE PROCESS ....................................................................................................... 244 APPENDIX A: Public Participation ............................................................................................................. 254 APPENDIX B: FEMA PLAN REVIEW TOOL .................................................................................................. 255 Town of Shutesbury Hazard Mitigation Plan ii Table of Tables Table 2-1: Shutesbury 2016 MassGIS Land Cover and Land Use Data ......................................................... 7 Table 2-2: New residential permits issued in Shutesbury 2016-2020 .......................................................... 9 Table 2-3: Shutesbury Cultural Resources .................................................................................................. 16 Table 3-1: Comparison of Hazards in the Massachusetts State Hazard Mitigation and Climate Adaptation Plan, Shutesbury Hazard Mitigation Plan, and Shutesbury MVP Resiliency Plan ....................................... 22 Table 3-2: Location of Occurrence Rating Scale ......................................................................................... 24 Table 3-3: Probability of Occurrence Rating Scale ...................................................................................... 25 Table 3-4: Impacts Rating Scale .................................................................................................................. 25 Table 3-5: Shutesbury Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis .................................................................. 26 Table 3-6: Previous Occurrences of Flash Floods in Franklin County ......................................................... 40 Table 3-7: Previous Occurrences of Floods in Franklin County................................................................... 41 Table 3-8: Flooding Events in Shutesbury ................................................................................................... 42 Table 3-9: Estimated Shutesbury Population Exposed to a 1 Percent Flood Event .................................... 45 Table 3-10: Estimated Vulnerable Populations in Shutesbury ................................................................... 45 Table 3-11: Acres of Commercial, Industrial, and Public/Institutional Land Use Within the Flood Hazard Area in Shutesbury ...................................................................................................................................... 48 Table 3-12: Average Assessed Value of Land Use in Flood Hazard Area ....... Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 3-13: NFIP Policies, Claims, and Repetitive Loss Statistics for Shutesbury ....................................... 49 Table 3-14: Regional Snowfall Index Categories ......................................................................................... 58 Table 3-15: Northeast Snowfall Impact Scale Categories ........................................................................... 58 Table 3-16: High-Impact Snowstorms in Franklin County, 1958 - 2018 ..................................................... 61 Table 3-17: Estimated Vulnerable Populations in Shutesbury ................................................................... 64 Table 3-18: Estimated Potential Loss by Tax Classification ........................................................................ 66 Table 3-19: Estimated Vulnerable Populations in Shutesbury ................................................................... 75 Table 3-20: Estimated Potential Loss by Tax Classification ........................................................................ 76 Table 3-21: High Wind Events in Franklin County ....................................................................................... 83 Table 3-22: Thunderstorm Wind Events in Shutesbury .............................................................................. 83 Table 3-23: Lightning Events in Franklin County
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Transcanada Hydro Northeast Inc. Deerfield River Project (Lp 2323)
    TRANSCANADA HYDRO NORTHEAST INC. DEERFIELD RIVER PROJECT (LP 2323) LOW IMPACT HYDROPOWER CERTIFICATION APPLICATION ATTACHMENT C PROJECT DESCRIPTION Project Overview TransCanada Hydro Northeast, Inc. (the Company) owns and operates the Deerfield River Project (the Project) on the Deerfield River, a major tributary to the Connecticut River. The Project is located in Bennington and Windham Counties in Vermont, and in Berkshire and Franklin Counties in Massachusetts. It consists of eight developments: Somerset, Searsburg, Harriman, Sherman, Deerfield No. 5, Deerfield No. 4, Deerfield No. 3 and Deerfield No.2, having a total installed capacity of 86 megawatts (MW). All dam operations and generation operations are controlled remotely from the Deerfield River Control Center in Monroe Bridge Massachusetts, located near the Deerfield No. 5 Dam. The Project area encompasses about a 65-mile reach of the river, including reservoirs. Two other developments not owned by the company are also located within this area. They are Brookfield Renewable Power’s Bear Swamp Project located downstream of the Deerfield No. 5 development; and Consolidated Edison’s Gardner Falls Project located downstream of the Deerfield No. 3 development. Exhibit 1 depicts the general Project area. Settlement Agreement The Deerfield River Project was one of the first FERC Projects to be relicensed under a comprehensive Settlement Agreement approach executed in 1994. A five-year cooperative consultation process involving state and federal resource agencies, various non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the licensee (at that time New England Power Company) resulted in settlement by the parties. The process of reaching this agreement included examination of the power and non-power tradeoffs and effects of a wide variety of operational scenarios.
    [Show full text]
  • Deerfield and CT River Project History.Pmd
    HISTORY OF HYDROELECTRIC DEVELOPMENT ON THE CONNECTICUT AND DEERFIELD RIVERS HISTORY OF HYDROELECTRIC DEVELOPMENT ON THE CONNECTICUT AND DEERFIELD RIVERS INTRODUCTION increasingly complex. While the Depression limited further growth of the industry, a new era emerged In 1903, Malcolm Greene Chace (1875-1955) and after World War II, with streamlined management Henry Ingraham Harriman (1872-1950) established structures and increased regulations and Chace & Harriman, a company that, in its many government involvement (Cook 1991:4; Landry and incarnations over the course of the following Cruikshank 1996:2-5). The first of the 14 decades, grew into one of the largest electric utility hydroelectric facilities built on the Connecticut and companies in New England. The company built a Deerfield rivers by Chace & Harriman and its series of hydroelectric facilities on the Connecticut successors were developed in the early 1900s, and Deerfield rivers in Vermont, New Hampshire shortly after the potential of hydroelectric power and western Massachusetts, which were intended was realized on a large scale. Subsequent facilities to provide a reliable and less expensive alternative were constructed during the maturation of the to coal-produced steam power. Designed primarily industry in the 1920s, and two of the stations were to serve industrial centers in Massachusetts and completed in the post-World War II era. The history Rhode Island, the facilities also provided power to of the companies that built these stations is residential customers and municipalities in New intrinsically linked with broader trends in the history England. Chace & Harriman eventually evolved of electricity, hydropower technology, and industrial into the New England Power Association (NEPA) architecture in America.
    [Show full text]
  • The National Dam Safety Program Research Needs Workshop: Hydrologic Issues for Dams Preface
    The National Dam Safety Program Research Needs Workshop: Hydrologic Issues for Dams Preface One of the activities authorized by the Dam Safety and Security Act of 2002 is research to enhance the Nation’s ability to assure that adequate dam safety programs and practices are in place throughout the United States. The Act of 2002 states that the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), in cooperation with the National Dam Safety Review Board (Review Board), shall carry out a program of technical and archival research to develop and support: • improved techniques, historical experience, and equipment for rapid and effective dam construction, rehabilitation, and inspection; • devices for continued monitoring of the safety of dams; • development and maintenance of information resources systems needed to support managing the safety of dams; and • initiatives to guide the formulation of effective policy and advance improvements in dam safety engineering, security, and management. With the funding authorized by the Congress, the goal of the Review Board and the Dam Safety Research Work Group (Work Group) is to encourage research in those areas expected to make significant contributions to improving the safety and security of dams throughout the United States. The Work Group (formerly the Research Subcommittee of the Interagency Committee on Dam Safety) met initially in February 1998. To identify and prioritize research needs, the Subcommittee sponsored a workshop on Research Needs in Dam Safety in Washington D.C. in April 1999. Representatives of state and federal agencies, academia, and private industry attended the workshop. Seventeen broad area topics related to the research needs of the dam safety community were identified.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Deal Versus Yankee Independence: the Failure of Comprehensive Development on the Connecticut River, and Its Long-Term Consequences
    The New Deal versus Yankee independence: The failure of comprehensive development on the Connecticut River, and its long-term consequences Eve Vogel1 Department of Geosciences, UMass Amherst With assistance from Alexandra Lacy 2011 alumna (BS, Environmental Sciences), UMass Amherst Adapted from: Vogel, Eve and Alexandra Lacy. Forthcoming. The New Deal versus Yankee independence: The failure of comprehensive development on the Connecticut River, and its long-term consequences. The Northeastern Geographer 4 (2) Introduction For a person familiar with federal dams on major rivers in the American West or South, a visit to an Army Corps of Engineers dam in New England’s largest river basin, the Connecticut, can be a startling experience. Instead of an extended reservoir, one looks down from the empty heights and on both sides sees only a small river far below. Nor is there the fanfare – the visitors center, the historical information, the celebratory propaganda. Simply finding one of the Connecticut River’s federal dams can take some effort. None are on the mainstem. One must drive through the bucolic New England byways and forested hills to find a dam on a tributary (See Figure 1). For New Englanders, the near-invisibility of federal dams may not seem surprising. New England’s history and identity, including the Connecticut Valley’s, seem to rest with the small- to medium-scale development of rivers with mill dams during the 17th thru 19th centuries (e.g. Delaney 1983; Steinberg 1991). It might be more startling for many to learn that during the mid- twentieth century, the federal government did build a series of very large dams in the Connecticut Basin, which have had profound effect on the river.
    [Show full text]
  • Deerfield River & Lower Connecticut River Tactical Basin Plan
    Deerfield River & Lower Connecticut River Tactical Basin Plan Green River, Guilford December 2019 | Public Draft Tactical Basin Plan was prepared in accordance with 10 VSA § 1253(d), the Vermont Water Quality Standards1, the Federal Clean Water Act and 40 CFR 130.6, and the Vermont Surface Water Management Strategy. Approved: ----------------------------------------- ------------------------- Emily Boedecker, Commissioner Date Department of Environmental Conservation -------------------------------------- ------------------------- Julie Moore, Secretary Date Agency of Natural Resources Cover Photo: Green River in Guilford – Marie L. Caduto The Vermont Agency of Natural Resources is an equal opportunity agency and offers all persons the benefits of participating in each of its programs and competing in all areas of employment regardless of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, sexual preference, or other non-merit factors. This document is available in alternative formats upon request. Call 802-828-1535 i Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... 1 What is a Tactical Basin Plan ................................................................................................. 3 A. The Vermont Clean Water Act ........................................................................................... 4 B. Vermont Water Quality Standards ....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Wildlife Refuge Summary
    U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Wildlife Refuge Summary Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Statement August 2015 U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Wildlife Refuge Summary Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Statement August 2015 Summary This document summarizes the draft comprehensive conservation plan (CCP) Overview and environmental impact statement (EIS) for the Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Wildlife Refuge (Conte Refuge, refuge). The draft CCP/EIS evaluates four alternatives for managing the refuge over the next 15 years. To download the full draft CCP/EIS, visit: http://www.fws.gov/refuge/Silvio_O_Conte/what_we_do/ conservation.html The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) is releasing the draft CCP/EIS for a 90-day public comment period. During this comment period, we hope you will take the opportunity to review the document and provide us with comments. We will be accepting written comments, as well as oral comments at four public hearings. For more information on how to submit written comments, see the end of this summary document. For public hearing dates, times, and locations, please visit the website listed above. The comment method does not impact how they will be considered as part of this public process (i.e., oral comments do not carry more weight than written comments). We recognize that the draft CCP/EIS is very lengthy, so we have developed this summary to highlight the major proposals in the draft plan and point readers to where they can find more detailed information in the full-text version of the draft plan.
    [Show full text]
  • This Is the Bennington Museum Library's “History-Biography” File, with Information of Regional Relevance Accumulated O
    This is the Bennington Museum library’s “history-biography” file, with information of regional relevance accumulated over many years. Descriptions here attempt to summarize the contents of each file. The library also has two other large files of family research and of sixty years of genealogical correspondence, which are not yet available online. Abenaki Nation. Missisquoi fishing rights in Vermont; State of Vermont vs Harold St. Francis, et al.; “The Abenakis: Aborigines of Vermont, Part II” (top page only) by Stephen Laurent. Abercrombie Expedition. General James Abercrombie; French and Indian Wars; Fort Ticonderoga. “The Abercrombie Expedition” by Russell Bellico Adirondack Life, Vol. XIV, No. 4, July-August 1983. Academies. Reproduction of subscription form Bennington, Vermont (April 5, 1773) to build a school house by September 20, and committee to supervise the construction north of the Meeting House to consist of three men including Ebenezer Wood and Elijah Dewey; “An 18th century schoolhouse,” by Ruth Levin, Bennington Banner (May 27, 1981), cites and reproduces April 5, 1773 school house subscription form; “Bennington's early academies,” by Joseph Parks, Bennington Banner (May 10, 1975); “Just Pokin' Around,” by Agnes Rockwood, Bennington Banner (June 15, 1973), re: history of Bennington Graded School Building (1914), between Park and School Streets; “Yankee article features Ben Thompson, MAU designer,” Bennington Banner (December 13, 1976); “The fall term of Bennington Academy will commence (duration of term and tuition) . ,” Vermont Gazette, (September 16, 1834); “Miss Boll of Massachusetts, has opened a boarding school . ,” Bennington Newsletter (August 5, 1812; “Mrs. Holland has opened a boarding school in Bennington . .,” Green Mountain Farmer (January 11, 1811); “Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Wilmington Town Plan – PC Update May 2010 Page 1 of 95
    Wilmington Town Plan – PC update May 2010 Page 1 of 95 WILMINGTON TOWN PLAN Proposed Update September 1, 2015 PLANNING COMMISSION SELECTBOARD Wendy Manners-Seaman, Chair Diane Chapman, Chair Carolyn Palmer, Vice Chair Tom Fitzgerald, Vice Chair John Lebron John Gannon Vincent Rice, Clerk Susan Haughwout Jake White Funded in part by a 2015 Municipal Planning Grant from the State of Vermont Wilmington Town Plan – PC update June 2015 Wilmington Town Plan – PC update May 2010 Page 2 of 95 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 Community Profile ---------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Natural Resources ----------------------------------------------------------------- 19 Policies and Recommendations ---------------------------------------------- 28 Transportation ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 Policies and Recommendations --------------------------------------------- 40 Community Facilities and Services --------------------------------------------- 42 Policies and Recommendations --------------------------------------------- 52 Housing ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56 Policies and Recommendations ---------------------------------------------- 61 Energy ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 62 Policies and Recommendations ---------------------------------------------- 67 Economic Development -----------------------------------------------------------
    [Show full text]
  • Vermont Country Calendar (Ongoing Events Continued) HARTLAND
    nt Cou ntry mo ler er amp V S Free January– February 2012 • Statewide Calendar of Events, Map • Inns, B&B’s, Dining, Real Estate • Plenty of Good Reading! X-C SKIING • SNOWSHOEING • 1,300 ACRES FITNESS CENTER • SAUNA WHIRLPOOL • GOLF BIKING A great spot to gather. For all ages. To celebrate weddings, birthdays and family reunions. An Outstanding Place to Connect. ~ Only 3 miles from Exit 4 / I-89 ~ 802-728-5575 www.3stallioninn.com Lower Stock Farm Road • Randolph, Vermont The Sammis Family, Owners “Best Dining Experience in Central Vermont” WEDDINGS • REUNIONS RETREATS • CONFERENCES LIPPITT’S RESTAURANT • MORGAN’S PUB Wild turkeys take fl ight along a driveway in Randolph, VT. photo by Nancy Cassidy Winter Notebook A little before or after New Year’s Day, I take an inventory I check the pussy willows. Sometimes I count how many KLICK’S of what is happening around the yard and in my life. are opening. That’s another way to measure the progress of ANTIQUES & CRAFTS I check the oak leaf hydrangea by the back porch. It often the year. Then, I take a look at the honeysuckle bushes, note Bought & Sold keeps half its leaves, even when the days stay below freez- whether any of their berries are left. I fi nger the seed heads SPECIALIZING IN RAG RUGS, COUNTRY ANTIQUES, FOLK ART. ing. I stand and look at the wood pile for a while, trying to of the New England asters to see if all the seeds are gone. I Watch rag rugs & placemats being made estimate how much wood is left.
    [Show full text]
  • Deerfield River Tactical Basin Plan
    Tactical Basin Plan Deerfield River and Southern Connecticut River Tributaries of Vermont (Basin 12/13) Prepared by: Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Department of Environmental Conservation Watershed Management Division 2014 Deerfield and adjacent Connecticut River Tactical Basin Plan Page i Basin 12 – 13 Tactical Basin Plan for the Deerfield River and Southern Connecticut River Tributaries in Vermont This Water Quality Management Plan was prepared in accordance with 10 VSA § 1253(d), the Vermont Water Quality Standards, the Federal Clean Water Act and 40 CFR 130.6, and the Vermont Surface Water Management Strategy. The Vermont Agency of Natural Resources is an equal opportunity agency and offers all persons the benefits of participating in each of its programs and competing in all areas of employment regardless of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, sexual preference, or other non-merit factors. This document is available upon request in large print, braille or audiocassette. VT Relay Service for the Hearing Impaired 1-800-253-0191 TDD>Voice - 1-800-253-0195 Voice>TDD Cover Photo: Green River covered bridge & crib dam, by Josh Gorman Deerfield and adjacent Connecticut River Tactical Basin Plan Page ii Approved1: David Mears, Commissioner Date Deb Markowitz, Secretary Date 1) Pursuant to Section 1-02 D (5) of the VWQS, Basin Plans shall propose the appropriate Water Management Type of Types for Class B waters based on the exiting water quality and reasonably attainable and desired water quality management goals. ANR has not included proposed Water Management Types in this Basin Plan. ANR is in the process of developing an anti-degradation rule in accordance with 10 VSA 1251a (c) and is re-evaluating whether Water Management Typing is the most effective and efficient method of ensuring that quality of Vermont's waters are maintained and enhanced as required by the VWQS, including the anti-degradation policy.
    [Show full text]
  • A Great Spot to Gather. for All Ages. to Celebrate Weddings, Birthdays And
    January 2013 • Calendar of Events • Map, Inns, B&B’s • Dining, Real Estate • Entertainment • Book Reviews • Plenty of Good Free Reading! X-C SKIING • SNOWSHOEING • 1,300 ACRES FITNESS CENTER • SAUNA WHIRLPOOL • GOLF BIKING A great spot to gather. For all ages. To celebrate weddings, birthdays and family reunions. An Outstanding Place to Connect. ~ Only 3 miles from Exit 4 / I-89 ~ 802-728-5575 www.ThreeStallionInn.com Lower Stock Farm Road Randolph, Vermont The Sammis Family, Owners WEDDINGS • REUNIONS RETREATS • CONFERENCES “THE BEST BED & BREAKFAST IN CENTRAL VERMONT” Musicians gather for the Northern Roots Traditional Music Festival in Brattleboro, VT. This year the event takes place January 26. photo by Pam Lierle Brattleboro Music Center Presents Winter Concerts And Performances for all Tastes A Christian Resale Shop Concert Choir: Towards the Light Windham Orchestra: Psalms & Fireworks Located in the St. Edmund of Canterbury Church Basement The Brattleboro Concert Choir, under the direction of The choruses of all four Windham County High Schools Main Street, Saxtons River, VT Susan Dedell, presents Morten Lauridsen’s Lux Aeterna, and join the Windham Orchestra under the direction of Maestro Open Thurs & Sat 9 am to 3 pm Bob Chilcott’s Requiem. There will be two performances— Director Hugh Keelan to present Stravinsky’s masterpiece Saturday, January 12, 7:30 pm, First Baptist Church, Brattle- Symphony of Psalms. There ail be two performances—Fri- boro, VT; and Sunday January 13, 3 pm, First Baptist Church, day, January 25, at 7:30 p.m., at Bellows Falls Union High ROCKINGHAM ARTS AND Brattleboro, VT. Tickets are $15 adults, $10 students.
    [Show full text]
  • The Green Mountain Anticlinorium in the Vicinity of Wilmington and Woodford Vermont
    THE GREEN MOUNTAIN ANTICLINORIUM IN THE VICINITY OF WILMINGTON AND WOODFORD VERMONT By JAMES WILLIAM SKEHAN, S. J. VERMONT GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES G. DOLL, Stale Geologist Published by VERMONT DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT MONTPELIER, VERMONT BULLETIN NO. 17 1961 = 0 0. Looking northwest from centra' \Vhitingham, from a point near C in WHITINCHAM IPlate 1 Looking across Sadawga Pond Dome to Haystack Mountain-Searsburg Ridge in the background; Stratton and Glastenburv Mountains in the far distance. Davidson Cemetery in center foreground on Route 8 serves as point of reference. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ABSTRACT 9 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Location ........................ 10 Regional Geologic Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Previous Geologic Work ................. 15 The Problem ...................... 16 Present Investigation ................... 18 Acknowledgments .................... 19 Topography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Rock Exposure ..................... 20 Culture and Accessibility ................. 20 STRATIGRAPHY AND LITHOLOGY ............... 23 General Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Stratigraphic Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Lithologic Nomenclature ................. 26 Pre-Cambrian Rocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 General Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Mount Holly Complex ................. 28 Stamford
    [Show full text]