Scott Cuthbert, D. C
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Edited by Scott Cuthbert, D. C. 1 ICAK-USA Research The Following is a Compilation of Applied Kinesiology Research Papers Published in the Collected Papers of the International College of Applied Kinesiology for the year 2007-2008 -- Edited by Scott Cuthbert, D.C. 2 A SIMPLE ASSESSMENT FOR MUSCLE IMBALANCE Scott Monk, D.C. ABSTRACT Objective: To present the case of a female child with severe abdominal pain successfully treated using AK methods. Clinical Features: A nine-year-old female presented with constant and daily stomach pain, especially severe in the morning. The symptoms would worsen when she brushed her teeth. Endoscopic exam showed esophagitis, and she was given Prevacid for the acid reflux, and another medication to coat her stomach. Neither had been helpful for her pain. Intervention and Outcome: AK examination revealed minimal disturbances in the spine, pelvis and cranium. Using a homeopathic kit, the child‟s indicator muscles weakened upon insalivation of material from the bacterial vial. Two herbal supplements, Chinese wormwood and Oregon grape root, negated the weakness. After only minimal improvements, the father was asked to bring a sample of tap water from the child‟s bathroom sink. The child weakened with insalivation of the water sample, and this was negated by Oregon grape root. The child was instructed to drink only bottled water and not to use tap water from home. The next day her stomach related symptoms were gone. She remained symptom free at a 6-month follow up. Conclusion: This case demonstrated that the AK method of oral testing was helpful in detecting harmful items in a patient‟s diet. Correction of the harmful organism in the stomach and the elimination of poor tap water produced full recovery in this child‟s difficult stomach problem. (Collected Papers International College of Applied Kinesiology, 2007-2008:3-4) Key Indexing Terms: Esophagitis; Gastritis; Child; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Body Water; Treatment Outcome; Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied. MANAGEMENT OF AN ANATOMICAL SHORT LEG FOLLOWING L4-L5 DISC SURGERY: A CASE STUDY Laurent Picard, D.C. ABSTRACT Objective: To present the case of a female with chronic low back pain and sciatica following L4-L5 disc surgery successfully treated with AK therapies. Clinical Features: A 53-year-old female presented with 18 months of low back pain, bilateral sacroiliac pain, and right-sided sciatica into the gluteal region. Eighteen months previously she had nucleolysis microsurgery to the L4-L5 disc, which improved the sciatica that had been going throughout her leg and into her right great toe. Standing and her daily work were both still painful (her work as a gym instructor was curtailed under these conditions). 3 Intervention and Outcome: Category III dysfunction, L5 spinal dysfunction, bilateral femur head dysfunction, and release of the iliofemoral ligament were successfully treated. Trigger point therapy to the right piriformis and hamstring were also given. On follow up the category III was resolved. A category II was corrected and the left psoas was treated successfully with trigger point therapy and reflex treatment. By the fourth visit, all categories were resolved and the muscles of the legs, pelvis, and back were strong. The patient was tested for the need of a heel lift, and a 5-millimeter heel lift was given. Two weeks later the patient was pain free, and all previous findings negative. She began her past gym activities without symptomatology. Conclusion: This case showed complete resolution of sacroiliac, low back, and sciatic pain from 4 sessions of chiropractic therapy. The patient expected complete resolution of her problem from her previous surgery, but found that chiropractic therapy achieved her hoped for outcome at much less expense. Larger clinical trials on AK treatment for low back conditions and sciatica are necessary. (Collected Papers International College of Applied Kinesiology, 2007-2008:5-6) Key Indexing Terms: Low Back Pain; Sciatica; Neurosurgery; Risk; Treatment Outcome; Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied. MANAGEMENT OF AN ASCENDING PROBLEM SECONDARY TO AN OVER COMPENSATED SHORT LEG: A CASE STUDY Laurent Picard, D.C. ABSTRACT Objective: To present the case of a professional soccer player successfully treated for chronic low back pain. Clinical Features: A twenty-two-year-old male professional soccer player with a 3-year history of low back pain presented, feeling “very heavy” when he ran and “not being straight.” Four years previous he experienced pubalgia, and was treated successfully by his team‟s physiotherapist. Several medical doctors and sports medicine specialists had treated him over a 3-year period and given him heel lifts. His career was in danger because of his poor performance, and he was depressed because of this. Intervention and Outcome: AK examination showed numerous muscular and structural disturbances that were corrected. The AK evaluation showed that the heel lift was not improving his muscular function, and he was instructed to stop using it. Pelvic category II, lumbar, and symphysis pubis dysfunctions were corrected, and trigger point therapy for the piriformis and rectus femoris muscles were given. On the third visit the patient was feeling much better, with leg length inequality reduced to 3 millimeters. Lower extremity MMT was now negative. One month later all corrections remained stable, and the patient was feeling very well and he improved his soccer performance. Conclusion: A professional athlete responded quickly to AK therapy, and his soccer performance was enhanced. The use of a heel lift (based only on the assessment of leg length discrepancy) was apparently in error, and correction of the entire patient‟s motor system eliminated the need for the heel lift and the leg length inequality. (Collected Papers International College of Applied Kinesiology, 2007-2008:7-8) 4 Key Indexing Terms: Low back pain; Athletic Injuries; Orthotic Devices; Sports Medicine; Treatment Outcome; Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied. VISCEROSOMATIC REFLEXES AND THE BRAIN THAT INFLUENCES THEM – A CASE STUDY Michael D. Allen, D.C. N.M.D. ABSTRACT Objective: To present the case of a patient with a history of pancreatitis that had an acute exacerbation that was successfully treated using AK methods. Clinical Features: A male with a history of pancreatitis presents with 2-weeks of soreness through his left shoulder and lower and middle left abdominal areas. Digestive enzymes had helped with his pains. Intervention and Outcome: The rectus femoris, gluteus medius, psoas major, latissimus dorsi, and pectoralis major (clavicular division) all tested strong when tested normally, but each became inhibited with viscerosomatic reflex testing and other neurological challenges. When these were added to the testing, each of these muscles showed inhibition on MMT. Chiropractic adjustments were applied to reduce the patient‟s pain and to improve joint movement and function. These corrections abolished the previous MMT findings related to the pancreas and digestive system in AK. Follow up visit the next day showed that he no longer had any pain in the abdomen or shoulder. Conclusion: Five muscles were functionally facilitated on MMT when test individually but were found inhibited after challenge using neurophysiological reflex tests. When tested against the deep tendon, tonic neck, and flexor withdrawal reflexes, the muscles were found impaired. When using the MMT in the search for signs of autonomic or organic dysfunction, other challenges to the neurokinesiological system may be required. This patient's symptoms were successfully treated using the MMT findings after these challenges were made. Larger clinical trials are necessary. (Collected Papers International College of Applied Kinesiology, 2007-2008:23-26) Key Indexing Terms: Pancreatitis; Abdominal Pain; Treatment Outcome; Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied. ANALYSIS OF PEAK FORCE IN APPLIED KINESIOLOGY MANUAL MUSCLE TESTING Katharine Conable, D.C., D.I.B.A.K., John Corneal, D.C., Terry Hambrick, D.C., D.I.B.A.K., Nelson Marquina, D.C., PhD, John Zhang, M.D., PhD. ABSTRACT 5 Objective: To investigate factors contributing to variable peak forces observed in manual muscle tests performed by applied kinesiology (AK) practitioners. Design: Secondary analysis of data from an observational study. Methods: Forty-one volunteer AK doctors tested the middle deltoid of 36 volunteer subjects attending a professional conference. Tests were performed in each style of muscle testing which the examiner routinely employed in practice – examiner-started, patient-started, and/or near-simultaneous. Peak force and duration of test were recorded and correlated with size, age and experience of examiners and subjects as well as style of testing and result. Results: A broad range of force (0.55-23.6 pounds) was used. There were poor correlations between peak force and the examined variables with the exception of a moderate correlation (r= .55) between peak force and duration of test. Conclusion: Applied kinesiology muscle testers test muscles at sub maximal peak forces over relatively short times. The choice of force used does not correlate well with the size of the subject or examiner, muscle testing style or outcome of the test. Tests having longer durations tend to reach higher peak forces. The clinical importance of these differences from other manual muscle testing styles merits further investigation. (Collected Papers International