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Vertical Incidence Pulsed Ionospheric Radar Installed at Jang Bogo Station, Antarctica Geonhwa Jee, [email protected] Geonhwa

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Vertical Incidence Pulsed Ionospheric Radar Installed at Jang Bogo Station, Antarctica Geonhwa Jee, Ghjee@Kopri.Re.Kr Geonhwa !1 POLA-09 Vertical Incidence Pulsed Ionospheric Radar installed at Jang Bogo Station, Antarctica Geonhwa Jee, [email protected] Geonhwa. Jee1, Jeong-Han Kim1, Changsup Lee1, Hyuck-Jin Kwon1, Terence Bullett2, and Justin Mabie2 Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) 1Division of Climate Change, Korea Polar Research Institute, R. of Korea, 2Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA Abstract Vertical Incidence Pulsed Ionospheric Radar (VIPIR) Korean Antarctic Jang Bogo Station (JBS) has started its operation in March, 2014, at Terra Nova Bay, Northern Victoria Land, Antartica (74° 37.4' S, 164° 13.7’ E), which is located around the boundary between the polar cap and the auroral region. Vertical Incidence Pulsed ✴ Installed at JBS in March 2015 and currently in test observation mode Ionospheric Radar (VIPIR) was installed at JBS in March 2015 in order to monitor the ionosphere in the polar region. The VIPIR system ✴ Vertical Incidence Pulsed Ionospheric Radar consists of an inverted log periodic antenna (LPA) designed by CIRES, University of Colorado, HF radar developed by Scion Associates, and Dynasonde analysis software. With this powerful and sophisticated ionosonde system, we will continually monitor the ionosphere not only for ✴ Very high interference immunity: IP3 > 45 dBm the traditional ionospheric parameters including the electron density profile and ion drifts, but the three-dimensional electron density profile ✴ High dynamic range: 110(I) + 30(V) dB can also be constructed by inverting the measured data. The observed data from VIPIR will be utilized to study the ionosphere and ✴ Direct RF sampling 14 bits at 80 MHz thermosphere and their couplings in the auroral and/or polar cap regions over JBS, Antarctica, in combination with the observations for the thermosphere by Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) simultaneously operated at JBS. In this study, we will report the current status of the radar ✴ Fully digital conversion, receiver and exciter system and its preliminary observations for the ionosphere. ✴ Waveform agility: 2μs to 2ms pulse width ✴ 8 coherent receive channels Jang Bogo Station(JBS), Antarctica ✴ Frequency: 0.3 ~ 26 MHz ✴ Second Antarctic station from Korea, opened in March 2014 KSS ✴ 4 kW class AB pulse amplifier: 3rd harmonic < -30 dBc ✴ Located at Terra Nova Bay in Ross Sea, Antarctica, geomagnetically located at the ✴ Designed for performance and flexibility boundary between Polar cap and Auroral oval JBS ✴ Dynasonde software ✴ Nearby stations: ✴ Echo detection ✴ Gondwana Station: Germany, summer, ~2 km away ✴ Trace classification ✴ Mario Zucchelli Station: Italy, year-round, ~10 km away ✴ ✴ McMurdo Station: USA, year-round, ~350 km away Ionogram scaling ✴ Scott Base: New Zealand, year-round, ~350 km away ✴ 3D echo-location ✴ Electron density profile ✴ Tilt profile ✴ What are the justifications for all this effort? ✴ Wider frequency range: extended ionospheric height coverage ✴ High SNR: rapid, simple, precise observations ✴ Low distortion: accurate data under diverse situations ✴ Low cross-channel variations: uncomplicated analysis Detrending procedure ● ✴ Applications Wave activity is less obvious in the raw plasma density data, but it can be extracted by the use of a de-trending procedure. 3D electron density Wave activity ● The only assumption made is that the background variability is ✴ Wedge stratified ionosphere smoothmodel with respect to time.✴ Use de-trending procedure ✴ Vertical density profile with horizontal gradients and tilts ✴ Electron density variations around the background density JBS Space Weather Observatory(SWO) Wedge Stratified● The time Model series of electron density✴ Gravity wave is activitiefitted in with the polar a region4th order ✴ Fabry-Perot Interferometer(FPI) in 2014 and Vertical Incidence Pulsed Ionospheric Radar(VIPIR) in 2015 ● Ionosphere polynomial,The plasma the density residual being attributed to wave activity. l a c ✴ All Sky Imagers, GPS TEC/Scintillation monitor, and Neutron monitor to be installed in 2016 i surfaces are characterized t r e ● V Theboth figure by showstheir altitude the JBS Vertical Incidence Pulsed Ionospheric Radar (JBS-VIPIR) plasmapositions density h and variation by their (θ,φ) i i i aboveinclinations Wallops (θ Island,φ) i+1 i i f 3 around the 27th of h i i September● Plasma density2012 at inside 240 a f 2 km.“wedge” depends only on the corresponding solid ● angle f1 The procedure is largely autonomous● Inversion isand performed can accountfrom thefor gapsbottom in up the to the dataF-layer of up topeak 80%. Dynasonde [Courtesy● Vertical of Catalin profile Negera, is the 2013] model evaluated at zenith [Zabotin et al., Radio Sci., 41, RS6S32, 2006] 2015 CEDAR Workshop • Seattle, Washington • June 21-25, 2015.
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