PARIS, TOURISME Et METROPOLISATION

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PARIS, TOURISME Et METROPOLISATION Université PARIS 1 PANTHEON-SORBONNE University of Paris 1 PANTHEON-SORBONNE Equipe Interdisciplinaire de REcherche Sur le Tourisme (EIREST ) International Research Team on Tourism (EIRST) Institut de Recherche et d’Etudes Supérieures du Tourisme (IREST) Research Institute of Higher Education Studies on Tourism (IREST) Appel à communications au collo que Call for papers PARIS, TOURISME et METROPOLISATION Echelles, acteurs et pratiques du tourisme d’une « destination capitale » PARIS, TOURISM and METROPOLISATION Scales, actors and approaches to tourism at a “capital destination” Du 24 au 26 juin 2010 June 24 th to June 26th , 2010 PARIS, La Sorbonne Amphithéâtre Richelieu http://paris-tourisme-metropolisation.univ-paris1.fr/ Paris, Paris metropolis, Greater Paris area, Seine Paris, Paris métropole, Grand Paris, Seine metropolis: which approach to tourism? métropole : quels tourismes ? La vitrine touristique de Paris n’est plus à Paris is unquestionably a tourist showcase; its 27 démontrer : ses 27 millions de visiteurs 1 sont le signe million visitors 1 are proof of its dynamism in the d’un dynamisme touristique certain, et permettent tourism field. So the city deserves to advertise à Paris d’afficher le label de « capitale mondiale itself as “the tourism capital of the world”. If we du tourisme ». Elargie à la région, avec 44 M de include the 44 million 2 visitors to the region, as a visiteurs 2, la « destination Paris » est l’affirmation whole, “destination Paris” is confirmed as a d’une destination métropolitaine dans son metropolitan destination. ensemble. Dans un contexte de concurrence territoriale Yet, due to international territorial competition, internationale, la pérennisation et le the perpetuation and expansion of this renown, développement de cette renommée, à l’échelle in the national and international context, nationale et internationale, demeurent une remains a constant concern. préoccupation constante. The question of territories, of scale and of La question des territoires, des échelles et des synergy between actors is closely linked to the synergies d’acteurs est étroitement liée aux future of tourism in the greater Paris area. In destinées touristiques de l’agglomération point of fact, the perimeter of Paris is too limited parisienne. Paris correspond en effet à un in relation to metropolitan dynamics, including périmètre trop restreint par rapport aux those connected to tourism. dynamiques métropolitaines, y compris touristiques. Faced with the need to renew and diversify the Face au besoin de renouvellement et de tourism images of Paris intra muros , it becomes diversification des images touristiques du Paris crucial to take into consideration the different intra muros , il s’agit de saisir l’opportunité du jeu scales of the Paris metropolis; in so far as it is des échelles du Paris-métropole en tant que considered to be a multiplier of Paris tourism. multiplicateur du tourisme parisien. Á l’heure des During this period of new territorial groupings nouveaux regroupements territoriaux et des and large scale projects, this process must allow grands projets, ce processus doit permettre de the actors to strengthen, to expand and to renforcer, de développer et de diversifier diversify the attractiveness not only of Paris itself l’attraction non seulement de Paris mais de sa but of its metropolitan region, thereby région métropolitaine, relevant ainsi le défi de successfully remaining one of the world’s first rester une des premières destinations mondiales. destinations. Dans ce contexte, la place du tourisme et des In this context, tourism and leisure are quite loisirs est importante ; elle ne peut important aspects of the larger challenge qu’accompagner le grand pari de represented by the development of the greater l’agglomération parisienne. Plus qu’un facteur lié Paris metropolitan area. More than merely one aux enjeux de la métropolisation, l’hypothèse du aspect of the stakes involved in the tourisme et des loisirs comme accélérateur, voire metropolisation, today one would be well producteur de métropolisation, est aujourd’hui à advised to think of tourism and leisure as means retenir. Au regard de cette hypothèse, il convient of speeding up, that is to say of producing de saisir et d’analyser les modalités et les metropolitan development. Regarding this expressions de cette relation dans toute leur hypothesis, one should grasp and analyse the diversité. means and expressions of this relationship in its diverse forms. Le tourisme a joué un rôle important dans la production de nouvelles centralités, à la fois en Tourism has played a major role in producing termes de mise en valeur des quartiers centraux, new centres in terms of highlighting central de requalification du patrimoine et de neighbourhoods, reclassifying heritage and densification. De manière plus générale il est increasing population density. In more general porteur d’évolutions, de mutations, voire créateur ways, tourism stimulates development and d’espaces : émergence de nouveaux lieux change; it even creates space in the form of touristiques, création de nouveaux pôles (parcs new tourist sites, new poles of attraction (leisure de loisirs ou à thèmes), phénomène or theme parks), developments outside the city, d’exurbanisation, reconquêtes territoriales and the using of abandoned areas (formerly run- (anciens quartiers dégradés, friches urbaines). En 1 Source : http://www.paris.fr/portail/viewmultimediadocument?multimediadocument-id=33133 2 Idem 2 down quarters, urban wastelands). In this way, ce sens le tourisme à Paris est non seulement un Paris tourism is not only a factor for re-writing facteur de réécriture de « la ville sur la ville » “the city on the city” (increasing density), it is (densification) mais il est aussi un facteur also a factor for occupying, for reclassifying and d’occupation, de requalification et de création for creating peripheral spaces (occupying d’espaces périphériques (occupation d’espaces interstitial spaces) . interstitiels). How can tourism lead to a renegotiation of the Comment le tourisme permet-il de renégocier les limits of a city administratively closed inside a limites d’une ville administrativement enfermée rigid perimeter? How do visitors to the greater dans un périmètre rigide ? Quelle est la réalité de Paris area experience the reality of those ses périmètres pour les visiteurs de l’agglomération perimeters? Studies have shown that most often parisienne ? Les enquêtes montrent que le plus tourists are not aware of the administrative souvent ces découpages sont ignorés par les divisions; for the visitor, the Stade de France is touristes : pour le visiteur, le Stade de France fait one of the opportunities offered by the city partie de l’offre parisienne (sportive, ludique, (sport, play, big events); Roissy acts as “the Door événementielle) ; Roissy fait office de « Porte de to Paris”. Consequently, though the relations Paris ». Par conséquent, si les modalités des between the different metropolitan areas, in relations touristiques entre les différents territoires terms of their respective approaches to tourism, métropolitains méritent d’être pleinement deserve to be studied thoroughly, Versailles, the étudiées, Versailles, la Défense ou encore Défense or Disneyland Paris are intrinsically Disneyland Paris sont intrinsèquement liés au connected to the Paris tourist product. produit touristique parisien. Could it not be said that the tourism issue comes La question touristique ne constitue-t-elle pas un down to a question of calibrating a good paramètre de calibrage, de « bonne maille » metropolitan “mesh”? métropolitaine ? In this way, it becomes important to think deeply En ce sens, l’apport du tourisme dans le dessin about the contribution of tourism to the laying d’un nouveau périmètre de Paris - vécu, sensible out of a new perimeter for Paris as it is lived, felt et imaginaire – devient un élément important à and imagined. interroger. THE GOAL OF THE CONFERENCE OBJECTIF DU COLLOQUE The scientific bibliography does not take much La bibliographie aborde peu la prise en compte into account tourist and recreational activities in des activités touristiques et récréatives dans the overall organisation of metropolises. Nor l’aménagement global des métropoles. Elle s’est have documents focused much on how tourism peu attachée à cerner en quoi le tourisme presently constitutes one of the basic indicators constitue actuellement un des indicateurs of metropolisation, even if it undeniable that fondamentaux de la métropolisation - même s’il large metropolises are most often major tourist est incontestable que les grandes métropoles sont destinations. dans la plupart des cas des grandes destinations touristiques. Consequently, the goal of the conference is not Par conséquent l’objet du colloque n’est pas de to think about and discuss urban or metropolitan développer une réflexion sur le tourisme urbain ou tourism as such. Several conferences have métropolitain en tant que tel. Plusieurs colloques successfully shed new light on the issue of urban ont abordé cette question du tourisme urbain et tourism. This conference will have as its ont réussi à y apporter des éclairages nouveaux. Il objective to explore the connections between s’assigne comme objectif d’explorer les relations tourism and the Parisian metropolis (a strong and entre le tourisme et la métropole parisienne diversified relationship as much in its practices as (relation forte et diversifiée tant par les pratiques in its categories): how does
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